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Lu S, Ma Z, Zhou W, Zeng H, Ma J, Deng H, Zhang P. Association of sleep traits with male fertility: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 15:1353438. [PMID: 38456015 PMCID: PMC10917924 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1353438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous observational studies have investigated the association between sleep-related traits and male fertility; however, conclusive evidence of a causal connection is lacking. This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between sleep and male fertility using Mendelian randomisation. Methods: Eight sleep-related traits (chronotype, sleep duration, insomnia, snoring, dozing, daytime nap, oversleeping, and undersleeping) and three descriptors representing male fertility (male infertility, abnormal sperm, and bioavailable testosterone levels) were selected from published Genome-Wide Association Studies. The causal relationship between sleep-related traits and male fertility was evaluated using multiple methods, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, Mendelian randomisation-Egger, weighted model, and simple model through two-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis. Mendelian randomisation-Egger regression was used to assess pleiotropy, Cochrane's Q test was employed to detect heterogeneity, and a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was conducted. Results: Genetically-predicted chronotype (IVW,OR = 1.07; 95%CL = 1.04-1.12; p = 0.0002) was suggestively associated with bioavailable testosterone levels. However, using the IVW method, we found no evidence of a causal association between other sleep traits and male fertility. Conclusion: This study found that chronotype affects testosterone secretion levels. However, further studies are needed to explain this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikuan Lu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyang Ma
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanzhen Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongsen Zeng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Deng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peihai Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Methorst C, Perrin J, Faix A, Huyghe E. [Male infertility, environment and lifestyle]. Prog Urol 2023; 33:613-623. [PMID: 38012907 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the 1970s, there has been a quantitative and qualitative decline in sperm parameters. The main hypothesis to explain such a rapid evolution is the involvement of environmental and behavioral phenomena. METHODS A bibliographic search limited to English and French literature in men published before 7/2023 was carried out on the links between fertility and pollution, xenobiotics, tobacco, narcotics, cannabis, alcohol, weight, sport, sedentary lifestyle, sleep and anabolics. RESULTS Profound changes in lifestyle have occurred over the past 50 years: reduced sleep time, sedentary lifestyle, dietary changes, tobacco consumption, use of narcotics and anabolics. These changes have a proven impact on spermogram parameters, and should be corrected in an effort to optimize reproductive health. Other environmental parameters: pollution, exposure to heavy metals, exposure to xenobiotics, phthalates and pesticides… will be more difficult to exclude from patients' daily lives, but deserve to be taken more into account. CONCLUSION This review should help the urologist to assess and counsel patients in order to improve their reproductive health. These factors should be routinely investigated in infertile men.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Methorst
- Service de médecine de la reproduction, hôpital des 4 villes, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - J Perrin
- Biologie et médecine de la reproduction et du développement, CHU de Marseille, UMR 7263 IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - A Faix
- Clinique Saint-Roch, 560, avenue du Colonel-Pavelet-dit-Villars, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - E Huyghe
- Département d'urologie, hôpital de Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Service de médecine de la reproduction, hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; UMR DEFE, Inserm 1203, université de Toulouse, université de Montpellier, Toulouse, France.
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3
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He M, Liu K, Cao J, Chen Q. An update on the role and potential mechanisms of clock genes regulating spermatogenesis: A systematic review of human and animal experimental studies. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:585-610. [PMID: 36792803 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09783-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks can be traced in nearly all life kingdoms, with the male reproductive system no exception. However, our understanding of the circadian clock in spermatogenesis seems to fall behind other scenarios. The present review aims to summarize the current knowledge about the role and especially the potential mechanisms of clock genes in spermatogenesis regulation. Accumulating studies have revealed rhythmic oscillation in semen parameters and some physiological events of spermatogenesis. Disturbing the clock gene expression by genetic mutations or environmental changes will also notably damage spermatogenesis. On the other hand, the mechanisms of spermatogenetic regulation by clock genes remain largely unclear. Some recent studies, although not revealing the entire mechanisms, indeed attempted to shed light on this issue. Emerging clues hinted that gonadal hormones, retinoic acid signaling, homologous recombination, and the chromatoid body might be involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis by clock genes. Then we highlight the challenges and the promising directions for future studies so as to stimulate attention to this critical field which has not gained adequate concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchao He
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Qing Chen
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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4
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Mínguez-Alarcón L, Williams PL, Souter I, Ford JB, Ghayda RA, Hauser R, Chavarro JE. Occupational factors and markers of testicular function among men attending a fertility center. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:529-536. [PMID: 36772979 PMCID: PMC10068265 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are occupational factors associated with markers of testicular function among men attending a fertility center? SUMMARY ANSWER Men working non-daytime/rotating shifts and those with physically demanding jobs have higher sperm concentration and total sperm count as well as higher estradiol and total testosterone concentrations. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Semen quality has declined during recent decades and has been negatively correlated with higher risks of common chronic diseases and mortality, highlighting its public health importance beyond fertility and reproduction. While most of the previous epidemiology literature on male fertility has focused on environmental exposures, dietary factors, and other related variables, little attention has been paid to occupational factors. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This observational study included 377 men who were male partners in couples seeking infertility treatment at a fertility center, who enrolled in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) study between 2005 and 2019. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Self-reported information on lifting/moving heavy objects, typical shift, and physical level of exertion at work was collected from a take-home questionnaire. Semen samples were analyzed following World Health Organization guidelines. Enzyme immunoassays were used to assess reproductive hormone concentrations. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between occupational factors and measures of testicular function, while adjusting for covariates such as age, BMI, education, race, smoking, and abstinence time, and accounting for multiple semen samples (mean = 2, min-max = 1-9) in analyses for semen parameters. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Men had a median (interquartile range) age of 36 (33, 39) years and were predominantly Caucasian (87%). Of the men who completed the survey, 12% reported often lifting or moving heavy objects at work, 6% reported heavy physical exertion at work, and 9% reported evening or rotating shifts. Men who reported often lifting or moving heavy objects at work had 46% higher sperm concentrations (P = 0.01) and 44% higher total counts (P = 0.01) compared with men who reported never lifting or moving heavy objects at work. Similar results were found for men working in rotating shifts compared to those in day shifts, as well as for men involved in heavy levels of physical exertion compared to those with light levels at work. We also found that men involved in heavy/moderate levels of physical exertion at work had higher circulating testosterone concentrations compared to those with lighter exertion (adjusted means of 515 and 427 ng/dl, respectively, P = 0.08), and men who often moved/lifted heavy objects at work had higher estradiol concentrations, compared to those who never did (adjusted means of 36.8 and 27.1 pg/ml, respectively, P = 0.07). Men working evening/rotating shifts had 24% higher testosterone (P = 0.04) and 45% higher estradiol concentrations (P = 0.01), compared to men working day shifts. No associations were observed for ejaculated volume, total motility, morphologically normal sperm, or serum FSH and LH concentrations. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Due to our study design which recruited men from couples seeking fertility treatment, it may not be possible to generalize our findings to men from the general population. Also, as is the case of all studies based on self-reported questionnaires, measurement error and misclassification of the exposure are potential concerns. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Physically demanding jobs and rotating or evening shift occupations may be associated with higher testicular function in men measured as higher sperm concentrations and counts as well as higher serum testosterone and estradiol levels. Confirmation of these findings in other non-fertility clinic study populations is warranted. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) NIH grants R01ES022955, R01ES009718, R01ES033651, and R01ES000002 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and Legacy, Inc. R.A.G. works part time for Legacy, Inc., which provided funds to perform this analysis. There are no other conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irene Souter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer B Ford
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramy Abou Ghayda
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Urology Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Ramezanifar S, Beyrami S, Mehrifar Y, Ramezanifar E, Soltanpour Z, Namdari M, Gharari N. Occupational Exposure to Physical and Chemical Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Reproductive Pathophysiological Effects in Women and Men. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:17-30. [PMID: 36941939 PMCID: PMC10024186 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The human reproductive system can be affected by occupational exposure to many physical and chemical risk factors. This study was carried out to review the studies conducted on the issue of the pathophysiological effects of occupational physical and chemical risk factors on the reproductive system of females and males. In this systematic review, the databases such as "Google Scholar," "Pub-Med," "Scopus," and "Web of Science" were used. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020), the studies included in our study were published between 2000 and 2021. In order to extract the required data, all sections of the articles were reviewed. Out of 57 articles we reviewed, 34 articles were related to field studies and 23 articles to clinical studies. Among them, 43 studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of chemical agents, six studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of physical factors, and 8 studies dealt with the pathophysiological effects of physicochemical factors on the human reproductive system. Physical (noise, heat, and radiofrequency radiation) and chemical (such as carbamate and organophosphate pesticides, benzene, toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, NO2, CS2, manganese, lead, nickel, and n-hexane) risk factors had pathophysiological effects on the human reproductive system. The presence of these risk factors in the workplace caused damage to the human reproductive system. The rate of these negative pathophysiological effects can be reduced by performing appropriate managerial, technical, and engineering measures in work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soleiman Ramezanifar
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sona Beyrami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Younes Mehrifar
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ramezanifar
- Center of Excellence for Occupational Health and Research, Center of Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Soltanpour
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahshid Namdari
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noradin Gharari
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author. Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Giulioni C, Maurizi V, Galosi AB. The role of physical agents' exposure in male infertility: A critical review. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2023; 95:10890. [PMID: 36924383 DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2023.10890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A decrease in semen quality is an increasingly widespread pathological condition worldwide. Jobs and lifestyles have changed a lot with the advancement of technology in the last few decades, and a new series of risk factors for male infertility have spread. OBJECTIVE This review aims to summarize the current literature on this relationship, evaluating alterations in semen parameters and hormonal profile. METHODS A deep research was performed through MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science on articles regarding the relationship between physical agents and male fertility over the last twenty years. Some physical agents already associated with male infertility, such as heat and radiation, while emerging ones, such as physical exertion, psychological stress and sedentary activities, were newly considered. RESULTS Most studies described sperm quality after exposure. Overall sperm impairment was shown after radiation and alteration of specific parameters, such as sperm concentration, were observed after psychological stress and sedentary work. In addition, an association was also reported between physical exertion and hormonal profile, especially pituitary hormones and testosterone. CONCLUSIONS Although the associations between physical agents and male infertility are suggestive, the level of evidence of the studies is not adequate to define their influence, except for physical exertion. Therefore, new prospective studies are necessary for the validation of the correlation and the possible safeguarding of the exposed working classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Giulioni
- Department of Urology, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, Umberto I Hospital "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona.
| | - Valentina Maurizi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, "Ospedali Riuniti" University Hospital, Ancona.
| | - Andrea Benedetto Galosi
- Department of Urology, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, Umberto I Hospital "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona.
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Hussain R, Shah M, Iqbal S, Rehman W, Khan S, Rasheed L, Naz H, Al-ghulikah HA, Elkaeed EB, Pashameah RA, Alzahrani E, Farouk AE. Molecular iodine-promoted oxidative cyclization for the synthesis of 1,3,4-thiadiazole-fused- [1,2,4]-thiadiazole incorporating 1,4-benzodioxine moiety as potent inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase: In vitro and in silico study. Front Chem 2022; 10:1023316. [PMID: 36339037 PMCID: PMC9627624 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1023316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five analogs were synthesized based on 1,3,4-thiadiazole-fused-[1,2,4]-thiadiazole incorporating 1,4-benzodioxine moiety (1-25) and then tested for the antidiabetic profile. The entire afforded derivatives showed varied inhibition profiles ranging between 0.70 ± 0.01 and 30.80 ± 0.80 μM (against α-amylase) in comparison to standard acarbose (12.80 ± 0.10 μM). Similarly, synthetics analogs also displayed a varied range of α-glucosidase activity ranging from 0.80 ± 0.01 μM to IC50 = 29.70 ± 0.40 μM (against α-glucosidase) as compared to standard acarbose (IC50 = 12.90 ± 0.10 μM). Among synthesized analogs, compound 22 showed excellent potency due to the presence of di-hydroxy substitutions at the 2,3-position of the aryl ring. For all analogs, the structure-activity relationship was carried out based on the pattern of substitutions around the aryl ring, and further, the potent analogs were subjected to a molecular docking study to analyze how active residues of targeted enzymes interact with active parts of newly prepared analogs. The result obtained shows that these compounds furnish several key interactions with enzyme active sites and, hence, enhanced their enzymatic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaqat Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mazloom Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Liaqat Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Haseena Naz
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hanan A. Al-ghulikah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B. Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rami Adel Pashameah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abd-ElAziem Farouk
- Department of Biotechnology College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Zarei S, Dehghan SF, Vaziri MH, Gilani MAS, Ardakani SK. Assessment of semen quality of taxi drivers exposed to whole body vibration. J Occup Med Toxicol 2022; 17:16. [PMID: 35922802 PMCID: PMC9347065 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-022-00357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole body vibration (WBV) is a recognized occupational hazard for many workers such as drivers and operators of heavy and light machinery and exposure to it is accompanied by physical and mental repercussions. Only the limited studies have been done on the effects of vibration exposure on reproductive indices, however vibration exposure has been indicated as being a hazardous agents with the potential of being able to directly affect the reproductive system. Considering the importance of infertility, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating semen quality among taxi drivers in Tehran and determine the effect of exposure to WBV on sperm parameters. The study population consisted of 70 taxi drivers and 70 office employee who attended infertility clinics for diagnostic purposes in the past year. The participants had to meet the entry criteria of the study while also being willing to recruit. Data was collected in the form of demographic questionnaires and general health questionnaires as well as sperm analysis conducted in an infertility clinic according to standard laboratory guidelines. The 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) exposure to of WBV in automobile was measured as per ISO 2631-1. The TWA exposure to WBV among the taxi drivers and office employees were 0.697 ± 0.13 m/s2 and 0.068 ± 0.09 m/s2 respectively (P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference in total sperm count, progressive motility, non-progressive motility and total motility was observed between the taxi drivers and the office employees (P < 0.05). According to the univariate analysis of variance, exposure to WBV had negative effect on sperm concentration, progressive motility and normal morphology (P > 0.05); moreover exposure to WBV resulted in the larger effect size (B) on sperm parameters than the demographic variables (P > 0.05). Being taxi drivers increase the chance of the decreased semen quality (P > 0.05). It is difficult to draw definitive conclusions regarding the effects of WBV while intervening factors exist, such as psychological stressors, quality of sleep, background issues as well as environmental factors such as chemical pollutants (heavy metals) or ergonomic factors (body posture and working while sitting down).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirvan Zarei
- Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Farhang Dehghan
- Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Vaziri
- Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Spaggiari G, Romeo M, Casarini L, Granata ARM, Simoni M, Santi D. Human fertility and sleep disturbances: A narrative review. Sleep Med 2022; 98:13-25. [PMID: 35772248 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many factors may be hidden behind the global fertility decline observed in Western countries. Alongside the progressively increased age of infertile couples, environmental and behavioural factors, including non-optimal lifestyle habits, should be considered. Among these, sleep disorders have been suggested to be linked to human fertility. METHODS This is a narrative review, describing first sleep physiology, its disturbances, and the tools able to quantify sleep dysfunction. Then, we consider all available studies aimed at investigating the connection between sleep disorders and human fertility, providing a comprehensive view on this topic. RESULTS Forty-two studies investigating the relationship between sleep habits and human reproduction were included. All the published evidence was grouped according to the aspect of human fertility considered, i.e. i) female reproductive functions, ii) male reproductive functions, iii) natural conception and iv) assisted reproduction. For each of the sub-groups considered, the connection between sleep dysregulation and human fertility was classified according to specific sleep characteristics, such as sleep duration, quality, and habits. In addition, possible physio-pathological mechanisms proposed to support the link between sleep and fertility were summarized. CONCLUSION This review summarizes the most relevant findings about the intricate and still largely unknown network of molecular pathways involved in the regulation of circadian homeostasis, to which sleep contributes, essential for reproductive physiology. Thus, many mechanisms seem correlate sleep disorders to reproductive health, such as adrenal activation, circadian dysregulation, and genetic influences. This review highlights the need to properly designed trials on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Spaggiari
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
| | - Marilina Romeo
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Livio Casarini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio R M Granata
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Santi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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10
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Wensink MJ, Lu Y, Tian L, Shaw GM, Rizzi S, Jensen TK, Mathiesen ER, Skakkebæk NE, Lindahl-Jacobsen R, Eisenberg ML. Preconception Antidiabetic Drugs in Men and Birth Defects in Offspring : A Nationwide Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med 2022; 175:665-673. [PMID: 35344380 PMCID: PMC9844982 DOI: 10.7326/m21-4389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes reduces semen quality and increasingly occurs during reproductive years. Diabetes medications, such as metformin, have glucose-independent effects on the male reproductive system. Associations with birth defects in offspring are unknown. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether the risk for birth defects in offspring varies with preconceptional pharmacologic treatment of fathers with diabetes. DESIGN Nationwide prospective registry-based cohort study. SETTING Denmark from 1997 to 2016. PARTICIPANTS All liveborn singletons from mothers without histories of diabetes or essential hypertension. MEASUREMENTS Offspring were considered exposed if their father filled 1 or more prescriptions for a diabetes drug during the development of fertilizing sperm. Sex and frequencies of major birth defects were compared across drugs, times of exposure, and siblings. RESULTS Of 1 116 779 offspring included, 3.3% had 1 or more major birth defects (reference). Insulin-exposed offspring (n = 5298) had the reference birth defect frequency (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.98 [95% CI, 0.85 to 1.14]). Metformin-exposed offspring (n = 1451) had an elevated birth defect frequency (aOR, 1.40 [CI, 1.08 to 1.82]). For sulfonylurea-exposed offspring (n = 647), the aOR was 1.34 (CI, 0.94 to 1.92). Offspring whose fathers filled a metformin prescription in the year before (n = 1751) or after (n = 2484) sperm development had reference birth defect frequencies (aORs, 0.88 [CI, 0.59 to 1.31] and 0.92 [CI, 0.68 to 1.26], respectively), as did unexposed siblings of exposed offspring (3.2%; exposed vs. unexposed OR, 1.54 [CI, 0.94 to 2.53]). Among metformin-exposed offspring, genital birth defects, all in boys, were more common (aOR, 3.39 [CI, 1.82 to 6.30]), while the proportion of male offspring was lower (49.4% vs. 51.4%, P = 0.073). LIMITATION Information on underlying disease status was limited. CONCLUSION Preconception paternal metformin treatment is associated with major birth defects, particularly genital birth defects in boys. Further research should replicate these findings and clarify the causation. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten J Wensink
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, and Interdisciplinary Center on Population Dynamics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark (M.J.W., R.L.)
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California (Y.L., L.T.)
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California (Y.L., L.T.)
| | - Gary M Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California (G.M.S.)
| | - Silvia Rizzi
- Interdisciplinary Center on Population Dynamics and Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark (S.R.)
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark (T.K.J.)
| | - Elisabeth R Mathiesen
- Centre for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark (E.R.M.)
| | - Niels E Skakkebæk
- Juliane Marie Centre, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark (N.E.S.)
| | - Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, and Interdisciplinary Center on Population Dynamics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark (M.J.W., R.L.)
| | - Michael L Eisenberg
- Male Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Department of Urology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California (M.L.E.)
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11
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Maas VYF, Poels M, Stam AL, Lieftink N, Franx A, Koster MPH. Exploring male perceptions regarding the need to engage in preconception care - a mixed-method study amongst Dutch (prospective) fathers. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2022; 27:322-329. [PMID: 35297717 DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2022.2045933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While most preconception care (PCC) interventions are aimed at women, men are also in need of PCC to reduce risk factors affecting the spermatozoa quality. The objective of this study is to explore male perceptions regarding the need to engage in PCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a mixed-method cross-sectional study, 229 men participated with a questionnaire and 14 individual semi-structured interviews were conducted. Questionnaires data were analysed using multiple regression analyses. The interviews were analysed using thematic analyses. RESULTS Most men did not retrieve preconceptional information (n = 135; 59.0%) nor visited a preconceptional consult (n = 182; 79.5%). Men who categorised their preconceptional lifestyle as unhealthy (score ≤6 out of 10) less often retrieved information (adjusted OR 0.36 [95% CI 0.14-0.93]) than men with a healthy preconceptional lifestyle. While several men expressed their fear for infertility, this did not lead to an increased uptake of PCC as men felt they were healthy enough already. CONCLUSION Despite high awareness of the positive influence of a healthy lifestyle, the perceived need for preparing for pregnancy among men remains low. Tailoring preconceptional information towards male needs provides a window of opportunity to improve men's reproductive health and possibly the health of future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronique Y F Maas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Poels
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Research Agency Care2Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela L Stam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natalie Lieftink
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arie Franx
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria P H Koster
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Li T, Bai Y, Jiang Y, Jiang K, Tian Y, Gu J, Sun F. The potential impacts of circadian rhythm disturbances on male fertility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1001316. [PMID: 36277693 PMCID: PMC9582279 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1001316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A circadian rhythm is an internalized timing system that synchronizes the cellular, behavioral, and physiological processes of organisms to the Earth's rotation. Because all physiological activities occur at a specific time, circadian rhythm disturbances can lead to various pathological disorders and diseases. Growing evidence has shown that the circadian clock is tightly connected to male fertility, and circadian perturbations contribute to infertility. The night shiftwork, insufficient sleep, and poor sleep quality are common causes of circadian disturbances, and many studies have reported that they impair sperm quality and increase the risk of male infertility. However, research on the impacts of light, body temperature, and circadian/circannual rhythms is relatively lacking, although some correlations have been demonstrated. Moreover, as the index of sperm quality was diverse and study designs were non-uniform, the conclusions were temporarily inconsistent and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. A better understanding of whether and how circadian disturbances regulate male fertility will be meaningful, as more scientific work schedules and rational lifestyles might help improve infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yunjin Bai
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiting Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Ninth People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Kehua Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Fa Sun, ; Jiang Gu,
| | - Fa Sun
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Fa Sun, ; Jiang Gu,
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13
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Osadchuk L, Tipisova E, Kleshchev M, Gorenko I, Osadchuk A. Study of Semen Quality, Reproductive Hormone Levels, and Lipid Levels in Men From Arkhangelsk, a City in North of European Russia. Am J Mens Health 2021; 14:1557988320939714. [PMID: 32812503 PMCID: PMC7444128 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320939714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Male populations in the European North of Russia have not previously been investigated for semen quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate semen parameters, reproductive hormone levels, and lipid levels in volunteers from the general urban population of the European North of Russia, to compare the data published for men from the neighboring Northern or Eastern European countries, and to evaluate associations between sperm quality and serum hormonal and lipid levels. Ninety-nine volunteers aged 23-63 years residing in the city of Archangelsk were enrolled in the study. All men had blood samples drawn and completed a questionnaire concerning their health status and lifestyle; 90 men delivered semen samples. The medians for semen volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility, and normal morphology were 3.0 ml, 42.12 million/ml, 43.8%, and 6.5%, respectively. Sperm parameters below normal threshold values were found in 38.9% of participants. It seems that the sperm quality in our study group was slightly worse than in men from Finland, Norway, Sweden, or Estonia, but very similar to that in men from Denmark or Poland. The significant negative correlations of luteinizing hormone levels and positive correlations of inhibin B levels with sperm concentration and progressive motility were revealed. Higher levels of luteinizing hormone and lower levels of inhibin B were found in participants with impaired compared to normal sperm quality. No reliable links were found between serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and semen parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Osadchuk
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia Federation
| | - Elena Tipisova
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Arkhangelsk, Russia Federation
| | - Maxim Kleshchev
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia Federation
| | - Irina Gorenko
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Arkhangelsk, Russia Federation
| | - Alexander Osadchuk
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia Federation
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14
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Qu B, Xiong Y, Yu X, Ding J, Weng J, Yang X, Ma Y, Liu L, Yang J. Follicular Metabolites-Assisted Clinical Evaluation of IVF/ICSI Outcomes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:9999659. [PMID: 34122613 PMCID: PMC8189786 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9999659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As infertility became a significant public health problem, assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) were introduced. However, the fertilization rate of in vitro fertilization (IVF) per cycle varied, and patients needed to repeat IVF or change to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Here, 75 couples suffering from female fallopian tubal blockage (tubal group) and 42 spouses beset by male abnormal sperm status (dysspermia group) were recruited. We comprehensively explored the relationship among couples' clinical factors, follicular metabolites, and IVF/ICSI stepwise outcomes. IVF/ICSI outcomes were affected by follicular metabolites and physical status in both women and men, regardless of which side infertility came from. Particularly, in the tubal group, the energy supporting pathways-glycolysis and pyruvate metabolism-were most essential in follicles, and IVF/ICSI outcomes were also related to sperm parameters. However, in the dysspermia group, in addition to sperm conditions, oocyte quality acted as a compensation for poor sperm quality, for which aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and the related supporting metabolism were critical in the follicular environment, and ultimately played a decisive role in IVF/ICSI outcomes. The respective logistic regression models in combination with selective male sperm parameters, estradiol (E2), follicular alanine, glutamine, glycoprotein, lipid, and acetic acid, were constructed to predict IVF or ICSI outcomes. No matter which sex infertility comes from, factors from both men and women should be considered. The current study provides a feasible option for pre-IVF evaluation, as well as guidance for follow-up clinical intervention to improve IVF/ICSI success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Qu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yunhe Xiong
- Urology Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaofan Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinli Ding
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Weng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghua Yang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmin Ma
- Beijing Obsterics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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15
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Mohammadi H, Golbabaei F, Dehghan SF, Ardakani SK, Imani H, Tehrani FR. Relationship between occupational exposure to whole-body vibration and noise with sex hormone levels: An empirical assessment in an automobile parts manufacturing plant. Toxicol Ind Health 2021; 37:377-390. [PMID: 34018890 DOI: 10.1177/07482337211006535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the relationship between occupational exposure to noise and whole-body vibration (WBV) with the levels of sex hormones in an automobile parts manufacturing plant. The level of workers' exposure (n = 162) to each of the mentioned stressors was measured through standard methods, and the time-weighted average of exposure was calculated for each person. In order to determine serum sex hormones (free testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone), blood samples were taken from all participants after 8-10 h of fasting between 7 and 9 am and then the blood samples were analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. In general, regarding testosterone as the main male sex hormone, only 49% of the participants were in the normal range. In a total of three sections, the lowest mean testosterone levels were observed in the third exposure group (WBV > 1.93 m/s2; noise >92.69 dB) of the studied stressor; however, only the difference in testosterone levels between the three different groups of exposure to noise was statistically significant (p = 0.001). The relationship between demographic variables and levels of noise and WBV exposure with sex hormones was not linear and only the relationship between noise exposure and testosterone levels was statistically significant (R = -0.201, p = 0.013). According to the results of logistic regression, the WBV had the greatest effect on testosterone levels. However, according to the results of the correlation test, only the relationship between noise exposure and testosterone levels was statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzeh Mohammadi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Golbabaei
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Farhang Dehghan
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Khodakarim Ardakani
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Demirkol MK, Yıldırım A, Gıca Ş, Doğan NT, Resim S. Evaluation of the effect of shift working and sleep quality on semen parameters in men attending infertility clinic. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14116. [PMID: 33978248 DOI: 10.1111/and.14116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effect of shift work on semen parameters together with the effect of sleep quality in men attending infertility clinic. The participants were divided into two groups as follows: 104 shift worker men (Group 1) and 116 nonshift worker men (Group 2). Groups were compared in terms of semen parameters, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores. A higher rate of oligozoospermia and poor sleep quality and a lower mean normal morphology percentage was observed in shift workers than nonshift workers (p = .006, .039 and .036 respectively). In addition, a positive correlation was seen between sleep duration and sperm concentration, while a negative correlation was found between sleep latency and total sperm count. Shift working together with high PSQI score was also a significant association with oligozoospermia when controlling for the other variables of age, total testosterone, DASS-21 stress score, smoking and varicocele (OR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.03-4.34 and OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.39 respectively). In this study, infertile shift workers had a lower percentage of normal morphology and higher rates of oligozoospermia and poor sleep quality. Considering that shift workers have lower sleep quality, it seems that shift working negatively affects the circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kutlu Demirkol
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Yıldırım
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Şakir Gıca
- Department of Psychiatry, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Temiz Doğan
- Andrology Laboratory, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Sefa Resim
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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17
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Sun AJ, Li S, Zhang CA, Jensen TK, Lindahl-Jacobsen R, Eisenberg ML. Parental comorbidity and medication use in the USA: a panel study of 785 000 live births. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:669-675. [PMID: 32187368 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How prevalent is paternal medication use and comorbidity, and are rates of these rising? SUMMARY ANSWER Paternal medication use and comorbidity is common and rising, similar to trends previously described in mothers. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Maternal medication use and comorbidity has been rising for the past few decades. These trends have been linked to potential teratogenicity, maternal morbidity and mortality and poorer fetal outcomes. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a Panel (trend) study of 785 809 live births from 2008 to 2016. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We used the IBM© Marketscan®™ database to gather data on demographic information and International Classification of Diseases codes and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) during the 12 months prior to the estimated date of conception for mothers and fathers. We similarly examined claims of prescriptions in the 3 months prior to conception. We performed companion analyses of medications used for >90 days in the 12 months prior to conception and of any medication use in the 12 months prior to conception. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We confirmed that both maternal medication use and comorbidity (e.g. hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia) rose over the study period, consistent with prior studies. We found a concurrent rise in both paternal medication use 3 months prior to conception (overall use, 31.5-34.9% during the study period; P < 0.0001) and comorbidity (CCI of ≥1 and 10.6-18.0% over study period; P < 0.0001). The most common conditions seen in the CCI were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for mothers (6.6-11.6%) and hyperlipidemia for fathers (8.6-13.7%). Similar trends for individual medication classes and specific comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were also seen. All primary result trends were statistically significant, making the role of chance minimal. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION As this is a descriptive study, the clinical impact is uncertain and no causal associations may be made. Though the study uses a large and curated database that includes patients from across the USA, our study population is an insured population and our findings may not be generalizable. Mean parental age was seen to slightly increase over the course of the study (<1 year) and may be associated with increased comorbidity and medication use. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS As parental comorbidity and certain medication use may impact fecundability, temporal declines in parental health may impact conception, pregnancy and fetal outcomes. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) None. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Sun
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shufeng Li
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chiyuan A Zhang
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tina K Jensen
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics (CPop), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michael L Eisenberg
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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18
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Ingle ME, Mínguez-Alarcón L, Carignan CC, Stapleton HM, Williams PL, Ford JB, Moravek MB, Hauser R, Meeker JD. Exploring reproductive associations of serum polybrominated diphenyl ether and hydroxylated brominated diphenyl ether concentrations among women undergoing in vitro fertilization. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:1199-1210. [PMID: 32424407 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hydroxylated brominated diphenyl ethers (OH-BDEs) associated with IVF endpoints? SUMMARY ANSWER Positive associations were observed for BDE153 and several OH-BDEs with IVF endpoints. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY PBDEs have been voluntarily phased out of production in the USA and EU due to their persistence and toxicity to humans and ecosystems. PBDEs have been associated with implantation failure among women undergoing IVF, yet some animal studies suggest greater toxicity from their metabolites, OH-BDEs. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We evaluated a subset of 215 women (contributing 330 IVF cycles) enrolled between 2005 and 2016 in a longitudinal cohort based at Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The following PBDEs were quantified: 47, 99, 100, 153 and 154 and the following OH-BDEs: 3-OH-BDE47, 5-OH-BDE47, 6-OH-BDE47 and 4-OH-BDE49. Clinical endpoints of IVF treatments were abstracted from electronic medical records. Associations of log-transformed PBDEs and OH-BDEs with IVF outcomes were assessed using multivariable generalized mixed models and cluster weighted generalized estimating equation models adjusted for lipids, age, BMI, race, year of sample collection, IVF protocol and FSH levels. Outcomes were adjusted to represent a percent change in outcome with an increase equal to the magnitude of the difference between the 75th and 25th percentiles for each specific compound (interquartile range (IQR) increase). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Detection frequencies were highest for congeners 47 and 153 (82% ≥ method detection limit (MDL)) and metabolites 3 and 5-OH-BDE47 and 4-OH-BDE49 (92% > MDL). PBDE and OH-BDE geometric mean concentrations declined by up to 80% between participants recruited in 2005 and those recruited in 2016. An IQR increase of BDE153 was associated with an increase in the probability of implantation (relative risk (RR) = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.36), clinical pregnancy (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.46) and live birth (RR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.54). An IQR increase in 3 and 5-OH-BDE47 was associated with increased probabilities of implantation (RR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.09), clinical pregnancy (RR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.17, 2.36), and live birth (RR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.40). When models were stratified by race (White (86%)/Other race (14%)), associations remained positive for White women, yet inverse associations were observed for Other race women. An IQR increase in BDE47 was associated with a 46% decreased probability of clinical pregnancy (95% CI: 0.31, 0.95) for Other race women. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Despite the long half-lives of PBDEs and OH-BDEs, exposure misclassification is possible for women who underwent multiple treatment cycles over several months or years. It is also possible another medium, such as follicular fluid would be optimal to characterize exposure. We also tested associations for multiple congeners and metabolites with multiple outcomes. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Detections of serum concentrations of PBDEs and OH-BDEs were highest in the early years of the study and suggests that the phase-out of these compounds has contributed to a decrease in exposure. The negative associations found for PBDEs and IVF outcomes among other race women suggests the potential for racial disparity. Potential racial disparities in PBDE exposure and exploration of alternative flame retardants with reproductive health outcomes should be the focus of future investigations. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Funding for this research was supported by the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [R01 ES009718, ES022955, ES000002 and 009718T32ES007069]. The authors have no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Ingle
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Courtney C Carignan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer B Ford
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Molly B Moravek
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Liu K, Hou G, Wang X, Chen H, Shi F, Liu C, Zhang X, Han F, Yang H, Zhou N, Ao L, Liu J, Cao J, Chen Q. Adverse effects of circadian desynchrony on the male reproductive system: an epidemiological and experimental study. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:1515-1528. [PMID: 32619235 PMCID: PMC7368401 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is circadian desynchrony a risk factor of male reproductive damage in semen parameters and/or reproductive hormones? SUMMARY ANSWER Circadian desynchrony correlates with decrease of sperm count, which was improved when circadian desynchrony was attenuated. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Circadian desynchrony caused by work (shift work) and non-work-related reasons is prevalent worldwide and has been found to be associated with decreased female fertility, but whether it harms male reproductive health is unclear. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A hybrid research was conducted. (i) A cross-sectional study of 1346 Chinese men in 2007 was used to analyze the association between semen/hormone biomarkers and work-related circadian desynchrony, which was divided into rotating shift work and permanent shift work against non-shift work. (ii) A cohort of 796 Chinese undergraduates from 2013 to 2014 was used to analyzed the association between semen/hormone biomarkers and non-work-related circadian desynchrony (between school days and days off). (iii) The biomarker identified simultaneously in both populations was further validated in male C57BL/6J mice housed under conditions simulating circadian desynchrony. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS A total of 17 semen/hormone biomarkers were compared among rotating shift workers and permanent shift workers against non-shift workers in the 1346 reproductive-age Chinese men. A total of 14 semen/hormone biomarker was analyzed in the undergraduate cohort for correlation with non-work-related circadian desynchrony (measured by Munich Chronotype Questionnaire) in 2013 and 2014 and compared between the 2 years. Photoperiod-shifting method was used to establish the mouse model, in which the biomarker was examined and molecular mechanism was explored by apoptosis analysis, DNA content analysis, transcriptome sequencing, real-time PCR and western blotting. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Among the semen/hormone biomarkers, sperm count was found to be lower in rotating shift workers, who had a higher risk of low sperm count defined by Chinese Ministry of Health (total sperm/ejaculate < 120 × 106) than non-shift workers (odds ratio = 1.26, 95% CI 1.05–1.52). This biomarker was replicated in the undergraduate cohort, where each hour of circadian desynchrony was associated with 1.16 (95% CI 1.02–1.31) fold odds of low sperm count, and sperm count increased during 2014 in men who reduced circadian desynchrony after 2013. A decrease of sperm count with circadian desynchrony and its recovery after removal of circadian desynchrony was also observed in the mouse model. During asynchrony, increased apoptosis was found in seminiferous tubules and the marker genes of post-spermatocyte stage cells were down-regulated. The most enriched functional pathway was homologous recombination, which happened during meiosis. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The study of human beings was observational while the animal study has potential difference in circadian desynchrony exposure and species susceptibility. Further researches are needed to clarify the causal relationship in men. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These findings provide novel insight to the effect of circadian desynchrony on male reproductive health and a potential strategy for prevention of reproductive damage. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC1002001] and National Natural Science Foundation of China [81871208]. There are no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Guizhong Hou
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.,Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Frontier Defence Medical Service Training Group, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Xinjiang 831200, China
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Fuquan Shi
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fei Han
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Niya Zhou
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lin Ao
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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20
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He M, Zhou W, Liu K, Wang X, Liu C, Shi F, Cao J, Chen Q. The prevalence of male rotating shift work correlates with reduced total fertility rate: an ecological study of 54,734 reproductive-aged males in 35 European countries between 2000 and 2015. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1072-1082. [PMID: 33823715 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1907396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Europe has the lowest fertility rate in the world, and 19 European countries are already experiencing negative population growth. Previous studies have shown that light-dark cycle misalignment induces damages to semen quality in animals, but whether shift work impairs male human fertility remains controversial. The diverse types of shift work, which may have distinct health impacts, have not been differentiated in the few previous studies. The present study aims to assess the impact of different male shift work types, i.e., rotating shift work (RSW), permanent shift work (PSW), and daily split shifts (DSS), on male fertility in European countries, based on the European Working Conditions Survey of 54,734 men and 52,457 women of reproductive (15-49 years) age from 35 countries conducted between 2000 and 2015. Year-specific total fertility rate (TFR) for each country was obtained from the World Bank. Mixed linear model was used to analyze the association between the prevalence of shift work types and TFR among the countries during the 15 years span, with adjustment for latitude, per capita GDP, working duration, working frequency, median age of men or women engaged in shift work, education level of men or women, and female shift-work condition in reproductive aged participants. The results showed that the average prevalence of RSW declined from 15.6% in 2000 to 9.8% in 2010, and then rose to 11.1% by 2015, while TFR went up from 1.45 in 2000 to 1.60 in 2010, and then decreased to 1.56 in 2015. A 10% increase of RSW prevalence was associated with a 0.114 decrease of TFR (95% CI: -0.167, -0.061, P < .001), indicating 11.4 fewer births per 100 women throughout lifetime. The association remained significant (β = -0.088, 95% CI: -0.160, -0.015, P = .020) after adjusting for confounding factors. However, no association was observed between TFR and the prevalence of male PSW (β = -0.011, 95% CI: -0.094, 0.073, P = .801) or DSS (β = 0.357, 95% CI: -0.171, 0.884, P = .189). In conclusion, male RSW, rather than PSW and DSS, may reduce TFR. Further studies are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchao He
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenzheng Zhou
- Department of Quality Control, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Frontier Defence Medical Service Training Group, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Xinjiang, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fuquan Shi
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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21
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Abstract
Disordered sleep impairs neurocognitive performance, and is now recognized to cause metabolic ill-health. This review assesses the nascent relationship between insufficient, misaligned, and disrupted sleep with andrological health. High-quality cohort studies show a reduced sperm count in men with sleep disturbances. Well-designed interventional studies show a reduction in testosterone with sleep restriction. Studies of long-term shift workers show no effect of misaligned sleep on mean testosterone concentrations. Men with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and more severe hypoxemia have lower testosterone levels, although it is unknown if this relationship is entirely explained by concomitant obesity, or is reversible. Nevertheless, erectile dysfunction, which is common in men with OSA, is clinically improved when OSA is properly treated. Few studies manipulating sleep have been performed in older men, in whom the accumulation of sleep disturbances over decades of life may contribute to age-related illnesses. Improving sleep could ameliorate the development of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora A O'Byrne
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Fiona Yuen
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Warda Niaz
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Peter Y Liu
- The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
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22
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Fusco F, Longo N, De Sio M, Arcaniolo D, Celentano G, Capece M, La Rocca R, Mangiapia F, Califano G, Morra S, Turco C, Spena G, Spirito L, Fusco GM, Cirillo L, De Luca L, Napolitano L, Mirone V, Creta M. Impact of Circadian Desynchrony on Spermatogenesis: A Mini Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:800693. [PMID: 34975770 PMCID: PMC8717881 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.800693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this mini review is to provide data about pre-clinical and clinical evidence exploring the impact of circadian desynchrony on spermatogenesis. Several lines of evidence exist demonstrating that disruption of circadian rhythms may interfere with male fertility. Experimental knock-out or knock-down of clock genes, physiologically involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms, are associated with impairments of fertility pathways in both animal and human models. Moreover, disruption of circadian rhythms, due to reduction of sleep duration and/or alteration of its architecture can negatively interfere in humans with circulating levels of male sexual hormones as well as with semen parameters. Unfortunately, current evidence remains low due to study heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Fusco
- Urology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ferdinando Fusco,
| | - Nicola Longo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco De Sio
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Arcaniolo
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Celentano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Capece
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto La Rocca
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Mangiapia
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Califano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Morra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Turco
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Spena
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spirito
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maria Fusco
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Cirillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi De Luca
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Creta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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23
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Choe SA, Kim S, Im C, Kim SY, Kim YS, Yoon TK, Kim DK. Nighttime environmental noise and semen quality: A single fertility center cohort study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240689. [PMID: 33147280 PMCID: PMC7641366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With increased population and urban development, there are growing concerns regarding health impacts of environmental noise. We assessed the relationship between nighttime environmental noise and semen quality of men who visited for fertility evaluation. This is a retrospective cohort study of 1,972 male patient who had undertaken semen analysis between 2016-2018 at a single fertility center of Seoul, South Korea. We used environmental noise data of National Noise Information System (NNIS), Korea. Using semiannual nighttime noise measurement closest to the time of semen sampling, individual noise exposures at each patient's geocoded address were estimated with empirical Bayesian kriging method. We explored the association between environmental noise and semen quality indicators (volume, concentration, % of progressive motility, vitality, normal morphology, total motile sperm count, oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and severe teratozoospermia) using multivariable regression and generalized additive models. Estimated exposure to nighttime environmental noise level in the study population was 58.3±2.2 Leq. Prevalence of oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and severe teratozoospermia were 3.3%, 14.0%, and 10.1%. Highest quartile nighttime noise was associated with 3.5 times higher odds of oligozoospermia (95% CI: 1.18, 10.17) compared to lowest quartile. In men whose noise exposure is in 3rd quartile, odds ratio (OR) of severe teratozoospermia was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.98). The OR for 4th quartile noise were toward null. In generalized additive model, the risk of oligozoospermia increases when the nighttime noise is 55 Leq dB or higher. Our study adds an evidence of potential impact of environmental noise on semen quality in men living in Seoul. Additional studies with more refined noise measurement will confirm the finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ah Choe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seulgi Kim
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Changmin Im
- Department of Geography, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Kim
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Gyunggi-do, South Korea
| | - You Shin Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Ki Yoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Keun Kim
- Department of Urology, CHA Fertility Center Seoul Station, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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24
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Impact of sleep on female and male reproductive functions: a systematic review. Fertil Steril 2020; 115:715-731. [PMID: 33054981 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.08.1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of sleep parameters on female and male reproductive functions. DESIGN Systematic review. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) Female and male individuals, either healthy or infertile. INTERVENTION(S) Relevant articles were identified according to the The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses recommendations in the PubMed and EMBASE databases from January 1, 2000 to June 8, 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The association between sleep and ovary function, spermatic function, natural fertility, and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes was assessed. RESULT(S) A total of 33 studies that looked at the association between sleep and either ovary function (n = 10), spermatic function (n = 12), natural fertility (n = 5), or IVF outcomes (n = 6) were included. Overall, female and male fertility, as well as IVF outcomes may be affected by short sleep duration, evening chronotype, or shift/night work schedules. However, the results were hardly comparable due to the heterogeneous study methodologies used. CONCLUSION(S) Sleep may be an original and innovative parameter to consider in the reproduction field. Further investigation is needed to elucidate how sleep and fertility are interrelated and how sleep might constitute a useful modifiable target in infertility management.
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25
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Liu PY. A Clinical Perspective of Sleep and Andrological Health: Assessment, Treatment Considerations, and Future Research. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:4398-4417. [PMID: 31042277 PMCID: PMC6735730 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sleep that is insufficient, misaligned, or disrupted causes hypersomnolence and neuropsychological deficits, adversely affects cardiometabolic health, and is increasingly recognized to impair other biological processes that lead to conditions important to men, such as hypogonadism, erectile dysfunction, and infertility. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Literature review from 1970 to December 2018. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS High-quality and complementary epidemiological and interventional studies establish that abnormal sleep is associated with increased mortality, hypertension, and other cardiometabolic disorders (insufficient, disrupted, and misaligned sleep), as well as reduced fecundity and total sperm count (insufficient sleep), erectile dysfunction (disrupted sleep), and low testosterone (both). Circadian misalignment shifts the peak of testosterone's diurnal rhythm to occur soon after waking up, irrespective of the biological clock time, but it does not change the mean concentration. Preliminary studies show that extending sleep in individuals who are chronically sleep deprived may become a strategy to reduce insulin resistance and hypertension. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy can improve erectile function, and possibly systemic testosterone exposure, but only when used adherently by men with obstructive sleep apnea. Both high-dose and replacement-dose testosterone therapies modestly worsen sleep-disordered breathing, but they also improve cardiometabolic function and sexual desire. Persistence of either the adverse or beneficial outcomes over the longer term requires further investigation. CONCLUSIONS Sleep is increasingly recognized to be essential for healthy living. Establishing the effect of abnormal sleep, and of improving sleep, on andrological issues of prime interest to men will promote prioritization of sleep, and may thereby improve overall long-term health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Y Liu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, California
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Peter Y. Liu, PhD, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Harbor UCLA Medical Center and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, 1124 West Carson Street, Box 446, Torrance, California 90502. E-mail:
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26
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Pokhrel G, Yihao S, Wangcheng W, Khatiwada SU, Zhongyang S, Jianqiao Y, Yucong Z, Xiaming L, Dan Z, Jihong L. The impact of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, work exposure and medical history on semen parameters in young Chinese men: A cross-sectional study. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13324. [PMID: 31134681 DOI: 10.1111/and.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an ongoing debate on the declining semen quality, and unfortunately, existing evidence is inconclusive and inconsistence. We evaluated the impact of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, medical history and work exposure on semen quality. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to investigate the association between different risk factors and semen quality parameters. Total sperm count (p = 0.041), sperm concentration (p = 0.007), normal morphology (p = 0.002), total motility (p = 0.004) and progressive motility (p = 0.009) decreased in men with varicocele. Sperm concentration increased in tea (p = 0.044); progressive and total motility increased in cola (p = 0.018, p = 0.012) consumers. Progressive and total motility decreased in urogenital surgery (p = 0.016, p = 0.014) and infection (p = 0.037, p = 0.022). However, age, coffee and alcohol drinking, physical activities, sleep duration and cell phone use were unrelated to any of semen parameters. Interestingly, semen volume (p < 0.0001), total sperm count (p < 0.0001) and concentration (p < 0.033) increased with longer abstinence period (>5 days); normal morphology (p = 0.013) improved in men with higher body mass index (BMI > 24), curvilinear velocity (p = 0.042) increased with smoking; semen volume (p = 0.050) increased in manual labourers. This study highlights the importance of sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, occupational exposure and medical history and provides time trends in semen quality, its clinical importance and direction for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurab Pokhrel
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi Yihao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wang Wangcheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shikha Upadhyaya Khatiwada
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sun Zhongyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Jianqiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Yucong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Xiaming
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Dan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Jihong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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27
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Foucaut AM, Faure C, Julia C, Czernichow S, Levy R, Dupont C. Sedentary behavior, physical inactivity and body composition in relation to idiopathic infertility among men and women. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210770. [PMID: 31017887 PMCID: PMC6481765 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior have inconsistent effects on fertility. High body mass index is associated with infertility but to our knowledge, very few studies have explored body composition in association to fertility. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, body composition and idiopathic infertility in French men and women. DESIGN We conducted a case-control multicentric observational study. 159 infertile (79 men and 80 women) and 143 fertile (72 men and 71 women) were recorded in four fertility centers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants completed self-administered questionnaires on sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, dietary intake, physical activity and sedentary behavior. Anthropometrics were measured, and bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to estimate body composition. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association of fertility with PA level and sedentary behavior. RESULTS In men, being physically inactive (Odd ratio [OR] 2.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06, 4.58) and having fat mass greater than the reference values for their age (OR 2.83; 95%CI, 1.31, 6.10) were positively associated with infertility. Sedentary behavior and fat-free mass were not related to infertility in men. In women, sedentary behavior (OR 3.61; 95%CI, 1.58, 8.24), high body fat (OR 3.16; 95%CI, 1.36, 7.37) and low fat-free mass (OR 2.65; 95%CI, 1.10, 6.37) were associated with infertility. PA level was not associated with fertility in women. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that sedentary behavior and physical inactivity would represent two independent risk factors associated with infertility. The various elements that make up physical activity (frequency, intensity, time, and type of exercise) and the interrupting time spent sitting should be considered. Body composition variation should be explored further in relation to the biological pathways involved in idiopathic infertility. Moreover, the improvement of lifestyle factors should be considered in infertility treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude-Marie Foucaut
- Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire Educations et Pratiques de Santé (LEPS) EA 3412, UFR SMBH, Bobigny, France
| | - Céline Faure
- AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, service de biologie de la reproduction CECOS, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Julia
- Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidemiologie et Biostatistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, Bobigny, France
- Département de Santé Publique, Hôpital Avicenne, AP-HP, Bobigny, France
| | - Sébastien Czernichow
- Service de nutrition (Centre Spécialisé Obésité IdF), Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Levy
- Sorbonne Université, Saint Antoine Research center, INSERM équipe Lipodystrophies génétiques et acquises. Service de biologie de la reproduction-CECOS, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Dupont
- Sorbonne Université, Saint Antoine Research center, INSERM équipe Lipodystrophies génétiques et acquises. Service de biologie de la reproduction-CECOS, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
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Shawe J, Patel D, Joy M, Howden B, Barrett G, Stephenson J. Preparation for fatherhood: A survey of men's preconception health knowledge and behaviour in England. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213897. [PMID: 30893380 PMCID: PMC6426231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods A cross-sectional survey of men attending antenatal care with their partners at three London Maternity Units. We assessed level of pregnancy planning using the partner version of the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy (LMUP), preconception health behaviours, and whether they had sought information and health professional advice before conception. Main results We recruited 573 men (91% response rate). Mean age was 34 years, 86% were in employment or full time education and 66% had a degree. Half were overweight or obese, 16% were still smoking and 79% had consumed alcohol in the three months before conception. Of 250 men answering questions about medication, a third were taking medication with potentially adverse effects on male reproductive health, while 23% reported taking pre-pregnancy vitamins. 46.9% had looked at information about pregnancy from a variety of sources, including online, before their partner became pregnant. Assessed by the LMUP, 74% of pregnancies were planned. Male ‘planners’ were more likely than other men to reduce smoking, reduce alcohol consumption and to eat more healthily in preparation for pregnancy. However, 57% took no action to improve their health. Significance of the findings In a sample of relatively educated men accompanying their partners on an antenatal visit, nearly half had made at least one positive health behaviour change before pregnancy, but half were overweight or obese and a third were on medication that could impair male reproductive health. These findings, together with a high prevalence of alcohol consumption and smoking, indicate the need for greater paternal preconception health awareness and care. Innovative ways to promote positive messages about fatherhood, including medication review as part of preconception care, should be evaluated for impact on improving paternal reproductive health and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Shawe
- Institute of Health & Community University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dilisha Patel
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Mark Joy
- School of Health Sciences University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Beth Howden
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Geraldine Barrett
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Stephenson
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Palnitkar G, Phillips CL, Hoyos CM, Marren AJ, Bowman MC, Yee BJ. Linking sleep disturbance to idiopathic male infertility. Sleep Med Rev 2018; 42:149-159. [PMID: 30377037 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently published data suggests that male fertility has declined over the past four decades. The reasons for the decline are unclear with up to 50% of cases of male infertility remaining unexplained (idiopathic male infertility). Whilst environmental factors and rising rates of obesity have been implicated, there is now growing evidence that sleep disturbance may be an independent causative factor. Indeed, the prevalence of sleep disturbance appears to be increasing in parallel with deterioration in population sperm quality, a commonly used surrogate marker of male fertility. Although there is some understanding of the relationship between sleep, gonadal hormone secretion and sexual function, it remains to be seen whether sleep disturbance is implicated in idiopathic male infertility. This review will detail the current evidence supporting a link between sleep disturbance and male infertility. Potential mechanistic pathways will be proposed and evidence supporting these pathways will be discussed. Further research is needed in clarifying links between sleep disturbance and idiopathic male infertility. At present the only available treatment option for men with idiopathic infertility is assisted reproductive technology. Demonstration of a causative link between sleep disturbance and idiopathic male infertility may in the future lead to additional treatment options in selected cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurie Palnitkar
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Sleep Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Craig L Phillips
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Sleep Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Camilla M Hoyos
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony J Marren
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital for Women and Babies, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Genea Fertility, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Queen Elizabeth II Research Institute for Mothers and Infants, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark C Bowman
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital for Women and Babies, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Genea Fertility, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brendon J Yee
- CIRUS, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Sleep Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Borges E, Braga DPDAF, Provenza RR, Figueira RDCS, Iaconelli A, Setti AS. Paternal lifestyle factors in relation to semen quality and in vitro reproductive outcomes. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13090. [PMID: 30019480 DOI: 10.1111/and.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This prospective-cohort study aimed at investigating the influence of paternal lifestyle factors on semen parameters and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. The influence of paternal lifestyle factors on seminal quality and ICSI outcomes was investigated in male patients undergoing conventional semen analysis. Cigarette smoking negatively influenced semen volume (B: -0.417, slope: 1.570, p = 0.047), sperm count/ml (B: -7.363, slope: 52.298, p = 0.014), total sperm count (B: -4.43, slope: 178.165, p = 0.023), total motile sperm count (B: -1.38, slope: 100.276, p = 0.045) and SDF (B: 0.014, slope: 9.767, p = 0.033). Alcohol consumption negatively influenced sperm count/ml (B: -12.527, slope: 42.255, p = 0.040) and sperm DNA fragmentation (B: 5.833, slope: 9.680, p = 0.002). There were no significant influences of other paternal lifestyle factors. Cigarette smoking negatively influenced the fertilisation rate (B: -1.349, slope: 21.950, p = 0.039) and the blastocyst formation rate (B: -14.244, slope: 28.851, p = 0.025). Alcohol consumption negatively influenced fertilisation rate (B: -3.617, slope: 20.138, p = 0.041) and blastocyst formation rate (B: -34.801, slope: 30.044, p = 0.042). Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption appear to reduce semen quality, fertilisation and blastocyst formation rates; thus, it would be wise to recommend that male partners reconsider their lifestyle during in vitro reproduction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edson Borges
- Fertility Medical Group, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Humana Assistida, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Assumpto Iaconelli
- Fertility Medical Group, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Humana Assistida, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Souza Setti
- Fertility Medical Group, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Sapientiae - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Humana Assistida, São Paulo, Brazil
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Deng N, Haney NM, Kohn TP, Pastuszak AW, Lipshultz LI. The Effect of Shift Work on Urogenital Disease: a Systematic Review. Curr Urol Rep 2018; 19:57. [PMID: 29808235 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-018-0815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Non-standard shift work schedules negatively impact the overall health of shift workers, and several studies have shown that shift work, specifically, is detrimental to urogenital health. The aims of this study are to systematically review the literature and determine the effect of shift work on the outcomes of hypogonadism, male infertility, lower urinary tract symptoms, and urogenital cancers. RECENT FINDINGS Recent evidence supports associations between non-standard shift work and an increase in the frequency of prostate cancer and the severity of erectile dysfunction, lower urinary tract symptoms, and hypogonadal symptoms, as well as worsening of semen parameters and fertility. These associations are strengthened by the presence of shift work sleep disorder (SWSD) which affects up to 20% of shift workers. No studies have assessed the impact of shift work on the frequency or severity of nephrolithiasis, interstitial cystitis, pelvic pain, prostatitis, or urinary tract infections. Non-standard shift work has been associated with a variety of negative health outcomes and urologic complications, especially with concurrent shift work sleep disorder. Recognition of these elevated risks among shift workers can aid in more effective screening for urologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanfu Deng
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nora M Haney
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Alexander W Pastuszak
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, 6624 Fannin Street Suite 1700, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Larry I Lipshultz
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, 6624 Fannin Street Suite 1700, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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The Role of Lifestyle in Male Infertility: Diet, Physical Activity, and Body Habitus. Curr Urol Rep 2018; 19:56. [DOI: 10.1007/s11934-018-0805-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Al-Otaibi ST. Male infertility among bakers associated with exposure to high environmental temperature at the workplace. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2018; 13:103-107. [PMID: 31435311 PMCID: PMC6695025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of male infertility among bakers exposed to high environmental temperature. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted to obtain information using a validated questionnaire administered through an interview. The mean wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index in the bakeries was measured. A new statistical formula was used to estimate the prevalence of infertility among bakers. Results A total of 137 bakers working in 20 bakeries and 107 individuals included in the comparable control group with variations in age, race, marital status, and income and with history of cigarette smoking were recruited. Using a newly devised formula, the prevalence of infertility among the exposed group was 22.7%, compared with 3.0% in the control group (p = 0.013). All possible confounding factors associated with infertility among bakers were excluded such as cigarette smoking, age, and race. There were unfavorable hot working conditions in bakeries, with a WBGT index of 37.4 °C, while the average WBGT for offices was 25.5 °C (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Our study showed that the rate of infertility among bakers was high, which resulted from exposure to high environmental temperature at the workplace as evidenced by the WBGT index. This finding should alert the healthcare authorities to take necessary measures under the labor code to curtail infertility among bakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan T Al-Otaibi
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, KSA
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The Relationship Between Shift Work and Men's Health. Sex Med Rev 2018; 6:446-456. [PMID: 29371140 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 21 million Americans and nearly 20% of the U.S. workforce are shift workers. Non-standard shift work, defined as work that falls outside of 6 am-6 pm, can lead to poor diet, exercise, and sleep habits that lead to decreased productivity, increased workplace accidents, and a variety of negative health outcomes. AIM To investigate the associations between shift work exposure and chronic medical conditions such as metabolic syndromes, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal disturbances, and depression as well as urologic complications including hypogonadism, male infertility, lower urinary tract symptoms, and prostate cancer with a focus on the effects of shift work sleep disorder (SWSD) on the severity of these negative health outcomes. METHODS We reviewed the literature examining effects of shift work and SWSD on general and urologic health. OUTCOMES We produced a summary of effects of shift work on health with focus on the increased risk of negative health outcomes in non-standard shift workers, particularly those with SWSD, when compared to daytime workers or workers without SWSD. RESULTS Studies have associated non-standard shift work schedules and poor health outcomes, including increased risks of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, heart disease, peptic ulcer disease, and depression, in shift workers. However, few studies have focused on the role that shift work plays in men's urologic health. Current evidence supports associations between non-standard shift work and increased hypogonadal symptoms, poor semen parameters, decreased fertility, lower urinary tract symptoms, and prostate cancer. These associations are strengthened by the presence of SWSD, which affects up to 20% of shift workers. Unfortunately, interventions, such as planned naps, timed light exposure, melatonin, and sedative hypnotics, aimed at alleviating excessive nighttime sleepiness and daytime insomnia in non-standard shift workers experiencing SWSD, are limited and lack strong evidence to support their efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Non-standard shift work has been associated with a variety of negative health outcomes and urologic complications, especially with concurrent SWSD. Recognition of these increased risks among shift workers can potentially aid in more effective screening of chronic health and urologic conditions. Non-pharmacologic treatment of SWSD focuses on behavioral therapy and sleep hygiene while melatonin, hypnotics, and stimulants are used to alleviate insomnia and excessive sleepiness of SWSD. Further research into both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies for SWSD is needed to establish more definitive guidelines in the treatment of SWSD in order to increase productivity, minimize workplace accidents, and improve quality of life for shift workers. Deng N, Kohn TP, Lipshultz LI, et al. The Relationship Between Shift Work and Men's Health. Sex Med Rev 2018;6:446-456.
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Maresch CC, Stute DC, Alves MG, Oliveira PF, de Kretser DM, Linn T. Diabetes-induced hyperglycemia impairs male reproductive function: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Update 2017; 24:86-105. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmx033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Constanze C Maresch
- Clinical Research Unit, Centre of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dina C Stute
- Clinical Research Unit, Centre of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David M de Kretser
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thomas Linn
- Clinical Research Unit, Centre of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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Barratt CLR, Björndahl L, De Jonge CJ, Lamb DJ, Osorio Martini F, McLachlan R, Oates RD, van der Poel S, St John B, Sigman M, Sokol R, Tournaye H. The diagnosis of male infertility: an analysis of the evidence to support the development of global WHO guidance-challenges and future research opportunities. Hum Reprod Update 2017; 23:660-680. [PMID: 28981651 PMCID: PMC5850791 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmx021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herein, we describe the consensus guideline methodology, summarize the evidence-based recommendations we provided to the World Health Organization (WHO) for their consideration in the development of global guidance and present a narrative review of the diagnosis of male infertility as related to the eight prioritized (problem or population (P), intervention (I), comparison (C) and outcome(s) (O) (PICO)) questions. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and research gaps identified during the synthesis of this evidence. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The aim of this paper is to present an evidence-based approach for the diagnosis of male infertility as related to the eight prioritized PICO questions. SEARCH METHODS Collating the evidence to support providing recommendations involved a collaborative process as developed by WHO, namely: identification of priority questions and critical outcomes; retrieval of up-to-date evidence and existing guidelines; assessment and synthesis of the evidence; and the formulation of draft recommendations to be used for reaching consensus with a wide range of global stakeholders. For each draft recommendation the quality of the supporting evidence was then graded and assessed for consideration during a WHO consensus. OUTCOMES Evidence was synthesized and recommendations were drafted to address the diagnosis of male infertility specifically encompassing the following: What is the prevalence of male infertility and what proportion of infertility is attributable to the male? Is it necessary for all infertile men to undergo a thorough evaluation? What is the clinical (ART/non ART) value of traditional semen parameters? What key male lifestyle factors impact on fertility (focusing on obesity, heat and tobacco smoking)? Do supplementary oral antioxidants or herbal therapies significantly influence fertility outcomes for infertile men? What are the evidence-based criteria for genetic screening of infertile men? How does a history of neoplasia and related treatments in the male impact on (his and his partner's) reproductive health and fertility options? And lastly, what is the impact of varicocele on male fertility and does correction of varicocele improve semen parameters and/or fertility? WIDER IMPLICATIONS This evidence synthesis analysis has been conducted in a manner to be considered for global applicability for the diagnosis of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L R Barratt
- Department of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Medical School, Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, Scotland
| | - Lars Björndahl
- Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert D Oates
- Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sheryl van der Poel
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, Human Reproduction Programme, (HRP, The UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction), WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
- Population Council, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bianca St John
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
| | - Mark Sigman
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, RI, USA
| | - Rebecca Sokol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | - Herman Tournaye
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Min KB, Min JY. Exposure to environmental noise and risk for male infertility: A population-based cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 226:118-124. [PMID: 28411496 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noise is associated with poor reproductive health. A number of animal studies have suggested the possible effects of exposure to high noise levels on fertility; to date, a little such research has been performed on humans. OBJECTIVES We examined an association between daytime and nocturnal noise exposures over four years (2002-2005) and subsequent male infertility. METHODS We used the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (2002-2013), a population-wide health insurance claims dataset. A total of 206,492 males of reproductive age (20-59 years) with no history of congenital malformations were followed up for an 8-year period (2006-2013). Male infertility was defined as per ICD-10 code N46. Data on noise exposure was obtained from the National Noise Information System. Exposure levels of daytime and night time noise were extrapolated using geographic information systems and collated with the subjects' administrative district code, and individual exposure levels assigned. RESULTS During the study period, 3293 (1.6%) had a diagnosis of infertility. Although there was no association of infertility with 1-dB increments in noise exposure, a non-linear dose-response relationship was observed between infertility and quartiles of daytime and night time noise after adjustment for confounding variables (i.e., age, income, residential area, exercise, smoking, alcohol drinking, blood sugar, body mass index, medical histories, and particulate pollution). Based on WHO criteria, adjusted odds for infertility were significantly increased (OR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.23) in males exposed to night time noise ≥ 55 dB. CONCLUSION We found a significant association between exposure to environmental noise for four years and the subsequent incidence of male infertility, suggesting long-term exposure to noise has a role in pathogenesis of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Bok Min
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Min
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Effect of lipid metabolism on male fertility. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 485:686-692. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Abstract
Male infertility remains a struggle to definitively diagnose and treat with many men labelled as “idiopathic infertility” and eventually requiring assisted reproductive techniques. Along those lines, research groups are continuing to explore current social and environmental factors, including the obesity epidemic, and their effects on male fertility potential. Novel biomarkers of natural fertility status and azoospermia etiology have additionally seen recent attention with ACRV1 and TEX101/ECM1 assays either currently or soon to be commercially available. Despite these advancements, however, medical treatment options have seen little progress. Though surgical therapies have similarly seen little transformation, groups are exploring the use of testicular sperm for couples with elevated sperm DNA fragmentation and either planned or previously failed IVF/ICSI. Concerted collaborative efforts will be needed as we move forward to better understand the challenges men face when struggling to conceive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared M Bieniek
- Department of Urology, Hartford Hospital, 85 Seymour St., #416, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
| | - Kirk C Lo
- Division of Urology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 60 Murray St., 6th floor, Box 19, Toronto, ON, M5T3L9, Canada
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Lewis RC, Mínguez-Alarcón L, Meeker JD, Williams PL, Mezei G, Ford JB, Hauser R. Self-reported mobile phone use and semen parameters among men from a fertility clinic. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 67:42-47. [PMID: 27838386 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing concern that use of mobile phones, a source of low-level radio-frequency electromagnetic fields, may be associated with poor semen quality, but the epidemiologic evidence is limited and conflicting. The relationship between mobile phone use patterns and markers of semen quality was explored in a longitudinal cohort study of 153 men that attended an academic fertility clinic in Boston, Massachusetts. Information on mobile phone use duration, headset or earpiece use, and the body location in which the mobile phone was carried was ascertained via nurse-administered questionnaire. Semen samples (n=350) were collected and analyzed onsite. To account for multiple semen samples per man, linear mixed models with random intercepts were used to investigate the association between mobile phone use and semen parameters. Overall, there was no evidence for a relationship between mobile phone use and semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Lewis
- Center for Health Sciences, Exponent, Inc., 475 14th Street, Suite 400, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA.
| | - Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Gabor Mezei
- Center for Health Sciences, Exponent, Inc., 149 Commonwealth Drive, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Jennifer B Ford
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Vincent Memorial Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Vincent Memorial Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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42
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Eisenberg ML, Sundaram R, Maisog J, Buck Louis GM. Diabetes, medical comorbidities and couple fecundity. Hum Reprod 2016; 31:2369-76. [PMID: 27591240 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the relationship between couple's health and fecundity in a preconception cohort? SUMMARY ANSWER Somatic health may impact fecundity in men and women as couples whose male partner had diabetes or whose female partner had two or more medical conditions had a longer time-to-pregnancy (TTP). WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN The impact of somatic health on human fecundity is hypothesized given the reported declines in spermatogenesis and ovulation among individuals with certain medical comorbidities. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A population-based prospective cohort study recruiting couples from 16 counties in Michigan and Texas (2005-2009) using sampling frameworks allowing for identification of couples planning pregnancy in the near future. Five hundred and one couples desiring pregnancy and discontinuing contraception were followed-up for 12 months or until a human chorionic gonadotropin pregnancy was detected. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS, METHODS In all, 33 (21.4%) female and 41 (26.6%) male partners had medical conditions at baseline. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Couples' medical comorbidity was associated with pregnancy status. Diabetes in either partner was associated with diminished fecundity, as measured by a longer TTP. Specifically, fecundability odds ratios (FORs) were below 1, indicating a longer TTP, for male partners with diabetes (0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.14-0.86) even in adjusted models (0.35, 95% CI: 0.13-0.88). Female partners with diabetes had comparable reductions in FORs; however, the analyses did not reach statistical significance (0.26, 95% CI: 0.03-1.98). Female partners with two or more medical conditions had a significantly longer TTP compared with women with no health problems (0.36, 95% CI: 0.14-0.92). Importantly, the presence of medical conditions was not associated with sexual frequency. We cannot rule out residual confounding, Type 2 errors for less prevalent medical conditions, or chance findings in light of the multiple comparisons made in the analysis. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The findings require cautious interpretation given that medical diagnoses are subject to possible reporting errors, although we are unaware of any potential biases that may have been introduced, as participants were unaware of how long it would take to become pregnant upon enrollment. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The current report suggests a relationship between male and female diabetes and fecundity, and possibly somatic health more globally. Moreover, while the mechanism is uncertain, if corroborated, our data suggest that early evaluation and treatment may be warranted for diabetics prior to attempting to conceive. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS Intramural research of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Contract nos. #N01-HD-3-3355, N01-HD-3-3356 and N01-HD-3-3358). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Eisenberg
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,
| | - Rajeshwari Sundaram
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 6100 Executive Boulevard, Room 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - José Maisog
- Glotech, Inc., 1801 Research Boulevard, Suite 605, Rockville, MD 20852, USA and
| | - Germaine M Buck Louis
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 6100 Executive Boulevard, Room 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
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Yeste M, Jones C, Amdani SN, Yelumalai S, Mounce G, da Silva SJM, Child T, Coward K. Does advancing male age influence the expression levels and localisation patterns of phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ) in human sperm? Sci Rep 2016; 6:27543. [PMID: 27270687 PMCID: PMC4897631 DOI: 10.1038/srep27543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Socio-economic factors have led to an increasing trend for couples to delay parenthood. However, advancing age exerts detrimental effects upon gametes which can have serious consequences upon embryo viability. While such effects are well documented for the oocyte, relatively little is known with regard to the sperm. One fundamental role of sperm is to activate the oocyte at fertilisation, a process initiated by phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ), a sperm-specific protein. While PLCζ deficiency can lead to oocyte activation deficiency and infertility, it is currently unknown whether the expression or function of PLCζ is compromised by advancing male age. Here, we evaluate sperm motility and the proportion of sperm expressing PLCζ in 71 males (22–54 years; 44 fertile controls and 27 infertile patients), along with total levels and localisation patterns of PLCζ within the sperm head. Three different statistical approaches were deployed with male age considered both as a categorical and a continuous factor. While progressive motility was negatively correlated with male age, all three statistical models concurred that no PLCζ–related parameter was associated with male age, suggesting that advancing male age is unlikely to cause problems in terms of the sperm’s fundamental ability to activate an oocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Yeste
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Celine Jones
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Siti Nornadhirah Amdani
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.,PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Suseela Yelumalai
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Ginny Mounce
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J Martins da Silva
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.,Assisted Conception Unit, NHS Tayside, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Tim Child
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.,Oxford Fertility, Institute of Reproductive Sciences, Oxford Business Park North, Alec Issigonis Way, Oxford, OX4 2HW
| | - Kevin Coward
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
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Gabrielsen JS, Tanrikut C. Chronic exposures and male fertility: the impacts of environment, diet, and drug use on spermatogenesis. Andrology 2016; 4:648-61. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Gabrielsen
- Department of Urology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston MA USA
| | - C. Tanrikut
- Department of Urology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston MA USA
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45
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Sengupta P, Dutta S, Krajewska-Kulak E. The Disappearing Sperms: Analysis of Reports Published Between 1980 and 2015. Am J Mens Health 2016; 11:1279-1304. [PMID: 27099345 DOI: 10.1177/1557988316643383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reports regarding the changes in sperm concentration in different counties of the world are inconsistent. Furthermore, the reports that sprung up from specific epidemiological and experimental examinations did not include data of prior studies or geographical variations. The current study, following a previous report of massive fall in semen volume over the past 33 years, attempts to delineate the trend of altering sperm concentrations and factors responsible for this by reviewing article published from 1980 to July 2015 with geographic differences. The current study identified an overall 57% diminution in mean sperm concentration over the past 35 years ( r = -.313, p = .0002), which, when analyzed for each geographical region, identified a significant decline in North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. An increasing trend of sperm concentration was identified only in Australia. The association of male age with such a trend ( R2 = .979) is reported. The authors also correlated male fertility with sperm concentration. Thus, this comprehensive, evidence-based literature review aims to concisely and systematically present the available data on sperm concentration from 1980 to 2015, as well as to statistically analyze the same and correlate male health with the declining pattern of sperm count in a single scientific review to serve the scientific research zone related to reproductive health. It points to the threat of male infertility in times ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- 2 Ex-guest Teacher, Serampore College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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46
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Lewis RC, Hauser R, Maynard AD, Neitzel RL, Wang L, Kavet R, Meeker JD. Exposure to Power-Frequency Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Infertility and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Update on the Human Evidence and Recommendations for Future Study Designs. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2016; 19:29-45. [PMID: 27030583 PMCID: PMC4848457 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2015.1134370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes are significant public health concerns with global prevalence. Over the past 35 years, research has addressed whether exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields is one of the etiologic factors attributed to these conditions. However, no apparent authoritative reviews on this topic have been published in the peer-reviewed literature for nearly 15 years. This review provides an overview and critical analysis of human studies that were published in the peer-reviewed literature between 2002 and July 2015. Using PubMed, 13 epidemiology studies published during this time frame that concern exposure to magnetic fields and adverse prenatal (e.g., miscarriage), neonatal (e.g., preterm birth or birth defects), and male fertility (e.g., poor semen quality) outcomes were identified. Some of these studies reported associations whereas others did not, and study design limitations may explain these inconsistencies. Future investigations need to be designed with these limitations in mind to address existing research gaps. In particular, the following issues are discussed: (1) importance of selecting the appropriate study population, (2) need for addressing confounding due to unmeasured physical activity, (3) importance of minimizing information bias from exposure measurement error, (4) consideration of alternative magnetic field exposure metrics, and (5) implications and applications of personal exposure data that are correlated within female-male couples. Further epidemiologic research is needed, given the near ubiquitous exposures to power-frequency magnetic fields in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Lewis
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Exponent, Inc., Center for Occupational & Environmental Health Risk Assessment, 475 14 Street, Suite 475, Oakland, California 94612, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Departments of Environmental Health and Epidemiology, Building I, 14 Floor, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Vincent Memorial Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Andrew D. Maynard
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Richard L. Neitzel
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Robert Kavet
- Electric Power Research Institute, 3420 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
| | - John D. Meeker
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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47
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Gaskins AJ, Rich-Edwards JW, Lawson CC, Schernhammer ES, Missmer SA, Chavarro JE. Work schedule and physical factors in relation to fecundity in nurses. Occup Environ Med 2015; 72:777-83. [PMID: 26251064 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2015-103026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of work schedule and physical factors with fecundity. METHODS Women currently employed outside the home and trying to get pregnant (n=1739) in the Nurses' Health Study 3 cohort (2010-2014) were included in this analysis. Work schedule and physical labour were self-reported on the baseline questionnaire, and every 6 months thereafter the women reported the duration of their ongoing pregnancy attempt. Multivariable accelerated failure time models were used to estimate time ratios (TR) and 95% CIs. RESULTS Among the 1739 women (median age=33 years, 93% Caucasian) the estimated proportions of women not pregnant after 12 and 24 months were 16% and 5%, respectively. None of the various shift work patterns were associated with duration of pregnancy attempt (as a surrogate for fecundity). However, women working >40 h/week had a 20% (95% CI 7 to 35%) longer median duration of pregnancy attempt compared to women working 21-40 h/week (p-trend=0.005). Women whose work entailed heavy lifting or moving (ie, 25+ pounds) >15 times/day also had a longer median duration of pregnancy attempt (adjusted TR=1.49; 95% CI 1.20 to 1.85) compared to women who never lifted or moved heavy loads (p-trend=0.002). The association between heavy moving and lifting and duration of pregnancy attempt was more pronounced among overweight or obese women (body mass index, BMI<25: TR=1.17; 95% CI 0.88 to 1.56; BMI≥25: TR=2.03, 95% CI 1.48 to 2.79; p-interaction=0.007). CONCLUSIONS Working greater than 40 h per week and greater frequency of lifting or moving a heavy load were associated with reduced fecundity in a cohort of nurses planning pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey J Gaskins
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Janet W Rich-Edwards
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Department of Medicine, Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christina C Lawson
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Eva S Schernhammer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stacey A Missmer
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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48
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Schlegel PN. Can we isolate occupational effects on male fertility? Fertil Steril 2015; 103:1154. [PMID: 25934601 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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