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Pervaiz S, Gul H, Rauf M, Mohamed HI, Ur Rehman K, Wasila H, Ahmad I, Shah ST, Basit A, Ahmad M, Akbar S, Fahad S. Screening of Linum usitatissimum Lines Using Growth Attributes, Biochemical Parameters and Ionomics Under Salinity Stress. GESUNDE PFLANZEN 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10343-023-00880-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
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An H, Thanh LN, Khanh LQ, Ryu SH, Lee S, Yeon SW, Lee HH, Turk A, Lee KY, Hwang BY, Lee MK. Characterization of Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Compounds of Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum and Optimization of Extraction Condition. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020511. [PMID: 36830069 PMCID: PMC9952466 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum (Kurz.) Gogel (Guttiferae), called kuding tea, is widely distributed in Southeast Asia. In this study, the constituents and biological activity of C. formosum ssp. pruniflorum were investigated. Extract of its leaves, roots and stems showed antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Interestingly, comparison of the metabolite profiles of leaves, roots and stems of C. formosum ssp. pruniflorum by LC-MS analysis showed a great difference between the roots and leaves, whereas the roots and stems were quite similar. Purification of the roots and leaves of C. formosum ssp. pruniflorum through various chromatographic techniques resulted in the isolation of 25 compounds. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis as 18 xanthones, 5 flavonoids, a benzophenone and a phenolic compound. Among them, a xanthone (16) and a benzophenone (19) were first reported from nature. Evaluation of biological activity revealed that xanthones had a potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, while flavonoids were responsible for the antioxidant activity. To maximize the biological activity, yield and total phenolic content of C. formosum ssp. pruniflorum, extraction conditions such as extraction solvent, time and temperature were optimized using response surface methodology with Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Regression analysis showed a good fit of the experimental data, and the optimal condition was obtained as MeOH concentration in EtOAc, 88.1%; extraction time, 6.02 h; and extraction temperature 60.0 °C. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity, yield and total phenolic content under the optimal condition were found to be 72.2% inhibition, 10.3% and 163.9 mg GAE/g extract, respectively. These results provide useful information about C. formosum ssp. pruniflorum as functional foods for oxidative stress-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heewon An
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Nguyen Thanh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Technology, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology (VAST), Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, VAST, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Le Quoc Khanh
- Hatinh Pharmaceutical Company (HADIPHAR), Ha Tinh 45000, Vietnam
| | - Se Hwan Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Solip Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Yeon
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayman Turk
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 47236, Republic of Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-261-2818
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Chemical Constituents from Streblus taxoides Wood with Their Antibacterial and Antityrosinase Activities Plus in Silico Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020319. [PMID: 36830230 PMCID: PMC9952338 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpigmentation frequently occurs after inflammation from bacterial infection. Thus, the inhibition activity of tyrosinase, the key enzyme to catalyze the melanogenesis and/or inhibition of bacterial infection, could decrease melanin production. Hence, the potential inhibitors could be discovered from natural products. ω-Hydroxymoracin C (1), a new compound with two other 2-arylbenzofurans, i.e., moracin M (2) and moracin C (3), and two stilbenes, i.e., 3, 4, 3', 5'-tetrahydroxybibenzyl (4) and piceatannol (5), were isolated from the wood of Streblus taxoides. Compound 4 showed a strong inhibitory activity against tyrosinase enzyme with an IC50 value of 35.65 µg/mL, followed by compound 2 with an IC50 value of 47.34 µg/mL. Conversely, compound 1, 3 and 5 showed moderate activity, with IC50 values of 109.64, 128.67 and 149.73 µg/mL, respectively. Moreover, compound 1 and 3 showed an antibacterial effect against some Staphylococcus spp. Thus, the isolated compounds exhibited potential antityrosine and antibacterial effects. Additionally, an in silico study was performed in order to predict theoretical molecular interactions between the obtained metabolites from S. taxoides and tyrosinase as an extended in vitro enzyme binding assay experiment.
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Erdoğan Ş, Özbakır Işın D. A DFT study on OH radical scavenging activities of eriodictyol, Isosakuranetin and pinocembrin. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:10802-10811. [PMID: 34286668 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1950572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural compounds with antioxidant properties that have positive effects on human health, which reduce toxic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and partially oxidative damage. In the work, the density functional theory (DFT/BMK) calculations were performed for antioxidant activity evaluation of pinocembrin (P), isosakuranetin (I) and eriodictyol (E). Four main mechanisms were examined: hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), radical adduct formation (RAF), single electron transfer-proton transfer (SET-PT) and Sequential proton loss electron transfer (SPLET). HAT and SPLET are thermodynamically the most probable process in gas phase and water. The three flavonoids examined + •OH HAT and RAF mechanisms for each possible location were investigated theoretically for the first time. The results were discussed by considering thermodynamic, kinetic and structural data of various reaction paths using IRC approach.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şaban Erdoğan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Dilara Özbakır Işın
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Biological Activities of Paper Mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera): More than a Skin-Lightening Agent. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9060112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Paper mulberry is one of the most common skin-lightening agents in the beauty industry due to its strong anti-tyrosinase activity. This narrative review aims to summarize the chemical composition, biological activities, and applications of paper mulberry in cosmetics. Method: The literature for this article was acquired from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases before September 2022. The keywords for searching included “paper mulberry”, “Broussonetia papyrifera”, “skin-lightening”, “skin-whitening”, “depigmentation”, “pharmacological activity”, and “biological activity”. Results: Paper mulberry consists of various components, including flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, saponins, coumarins, glycosides, and polysaccharides, which possess a wide range of pharmacological properties. Apart from its anti-tyrosinase activity, paper mulberry and its compounds exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, antidiabetic, anticholinesterase, antigout, antinociceptive, and hepatoprotective effects. Phenols and flavonoids were demonstrated to be the main contributors to the biological activities of paper mulberry. Paper mulberry is widely applied in cosmetics for skin lightening and skin moisturizing purposes and shows potential for application in hair care products due to the hair nourishing effects. The safety of paper mulberry for topical application was proven in clinical studies. Conclusion: The current review provides a better understanding of paper mulberry’s properties and allows us to extend the application of this plant and its bioactive components in cosmetics.
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Budama-Kilinc Y, Gok B, Kecel-Gunduz S, Altuntas E. Development of nanoformulation for hyperpigmentation disorders: experimental evaluations, in vitro efficacy and in silico molecular docking studies. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Chen Y, Wang L, Liu X, Wang F, An Y, Zhao W, Tian J, Kong D, Zhang W, Xu Y, Ba Y, Zhou H. The Genus Broussonetia: An Updated Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165344. [PMID: 36014582 PMCID: PMC9414938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The Broussonetia genus (Moraceae), recognized for its value in many Chinese traditional herbs, mainly includes Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L’Hér. ex Vent. (BP), Broussonetia kazinoki Siebold (BK), and Broussonetia luzonica (Blanco) Bureau (BL). Hitherto, researchers have found 338 compounds isolated from BP, BK, and BL, which included flavonoids, polyphenols, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, and others. Moreover, its active compounds and extracts have exhibited a variety of pharmacological effects such as antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antibacterial, and antiviral properties, and its use against skin wrinkles. In this review, the phytochemistry and pharmacology of Broussonetia are updated systematically, after its applications are first summarized. In addition, this review also discusses the limitations of investigations and the potential direction of Broussonetia. This review can help to further understand the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and other applications of Broussonetia, which paves the way for future research.
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Half-sandwich ruthenium(II)(η6-p-cymene) complexes: Syntheses, characterization, transfer hydrogenation reactions, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Kazancioglu MZ, Kendirli EC. Synthesis, characterization, and enzyme inhibition activities of 4-(methylthio)-N-propylaniline-phenylpiperazine and sulfonamide derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Korkmaz A, Bursal E. An in vitro and in silico study on the synthesis and characterization of novel bis(sulfonate) derivatives as tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Korkmaz A, Bursal E. Benzothiazole sulfonate derivatives bearing azomethine: Synthesis, characterization, enzyme inhibition, and molecular docking study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Korkmaz A, Bursal E. Synthesis, Biological Activity and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Sulfonate Derivatives Bearing Salicylaldehyde. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200140. [PMID: 35561156 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme activity alterations have been associated with many metabolism disorders and have crucial roles in the pathogenesis of some diseases. Tyrosinase is a key enzyme in melanin biosynthesis, which is responsible for skin pigmentation to protect the skin from solar radiation. Pancreatic lipase has been considered a key enzyme for the treatment of obesity. Herein, we reported the synthesis and enzyme inhibitions of a series of sulfonates as possible tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase inhibitors. According to the calculated IC50 values, compound 3f (74.1±11.1 μM) and compound 3c (86.6±6.9 μM) were determined to be the best inhibitors among the synthesized compounds for the tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase enzymes, respectively. The approach yielded at extremely high level by creating very flexible structural domains for the chemically modified groups. The structural characterization of the target molecules was implemented by 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and HR-MS analyses. Also, molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds with tyrosinase and pancreatic lipase enzymes were conducted using AutoDock Vina software. Additionally, the studies of the absorption distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) were performed to uncover the target compounds' pharmacokinetics, drug similarities, and medicinal properties of the novel sulfonate derivatives bearing salicylaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Korkmaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, 49250, Turkey
| | - Ercan Bursal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, 49250, Turkey
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Mukherjee PK, Efferth T, Das B, Kar A, Ghosh S, Singha S, Debnath P, Sharma N, Bhardwaj PK, Haldar PK. Role of medicinal plants in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 and in the management of post-COVID-19 complications. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153930. [PMID: 35114450 PMCID: PMC8730822 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide corona virus disease outbreak, generally known as COVID-19 pandemic outbreak resulted in a major health crisis globally. The morbidity and transmission modality of COVID-19 appear more severe and uncontrollable. The respiratory failure and following cardiovascular complications are the main pathophysiology of this deadly disease. Several therapeutic strategies are put forward for the development of safe and effective treatment against SARS-CoV-2 virus from the pharmacological view point but till date there are no specific treatment regimen developed for this viral infection. PURPOSE The present review emphasizes the role of herbs and herbs-derived secondary metabolites in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 virus and also for the management of post-COVID-19 related complications. This approach will foster and ensure the safeguards of using medicinal plant resources to support the healthcare system. Plant-derived phytochemicals have already been reported to prevent the viral infection and to overcome the post-COVID complications like parkinsonism, kidney and heart failure, liver and lungs injury and mental problems. In this review, we explored mechanistic approaches of herbal medicines and their phytocomponenets as antiviral and post-COVID complications by modulating the immunological and inflammatory states. STUDY DESIGN Studies related to diagnosis and treatment guidelines issued for COVID-19 by different traditional system of medicine were included. The information was gathered from pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions approaches. The gathered information sorted based on therapeutic application of herbs and their components against SARSCoV-2 and COVID-19 related complications. METHODS A systemic search of published literature was conducted from 2003 to 2021 using different literature database like Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science to emphasize relevant articles on medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and Post-COVID related complications. RESULTS Collected published literature from 2003 onwards yielded with total 625 articles, from more than 18 countries. Among these 625 articles, more than 95 medicinal plants and 25 active phytomolecules belong to 48 plant families. Reports on the therapeutic activity of the medicinal plants belong to the Lamiaceae family (11 reports), which was found to be maximum reported from 4 different countries including India, China, Australia, and Morocco. Other reports on the medicinal plant of Asteraceae (7 reports), Fabaceae (8 reports), Piperaceae (3 reports), Zingiberaceae (3 reports), Ranunculaceae (3 reports), Meliaceae (4 reports) were found, which can be explored for the development of safe and efficacious products targeting COVID-19. CONCLUSION Keeping in mind that the natural alternatives are in the priority for the management and prevention of the COVID-19, the present review may help to develop an alternative approach for the management of COVID-19 viral infection and post-COVID complications from a mechanistic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulok K Mukherjee
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal-795001, India; School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India.
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bhaskar Das
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India
| | - Amit Kar
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal-795001, India
| | - Suparna Ghosh
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India
| | - Seha Singha
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India
| | - Pradip Debnath
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India
| | - Nanaocha Sharma
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal-795001, India
| | | | - Pallab Kanti Haldar
- School of Natural Product Studies, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata -700 032, India
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Shang C, Cao Y, Sun C, Li Y. Unveiling the influence of atomic electronegativity on the double ESIPT processes of uralenol: A theoretical study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 268:120660. [PMID: 34857463 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of atomic electronegativity (O, S, and Se atoms) on the competitive double excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) reactions and photophysical characteristics of uralenol (URA) were systematically explored by using the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methods. The calculated hydrogen bond parameters, infrared (IR) vibrational spectra, reduced density gradient (RDG) scatter plots, interaction region indicator (IRI) isosurface and topology parameters have confirmed the six-membered intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB) O4H5…O3 is the stronger one in all the three studied compounds. Subsequently, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and natural bond orbital (NBO) population analysis essentially uncover that the electron redistribution has induced the ESIPT process. Besides, the constructed potential energy curves (PECs) have indicated that the ESIPT process prefers to occur along the O4H5…O3 rather than the O1H2…O3 and the proton-transfer energy barrier is gradually decreased with the weakening of atomic electronegativity from URA to URA-S and URA-Se. In a conclusion, the attenuating of atomic electronegativity has enhanced the IHBs of URA and thereby promoting the ESIPT reaction, which is helpful for further developing novel fluorophores based on ESIPT behavior in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiao Shang
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yunjian Cao
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chaofan Sun
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yuanzuo Li
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
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Comprehensive Profiling of Paper Mulberry ( Broussonetia papyrifera) Crotonylome Reveals the Significance of Lysine Crotonylation in Young Leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031173. [PMID: 35163093 PMCID: PMC8834973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysine crotonylation is a newly discovered and reversible posttranslational modification involved in various biological processes, especially metabolism regulation. A total of 5159 lysine crotonylation sites in 2272 protein groups were identified. Twenty-seven motifs were found to be the preferred amino acid sequences for crotonylation sites. Functional annotation analyses revealed that most crotonylated proteins play important roles in metabolic processes and photosynthesis. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that lysine crotonylation preferentially targets a variety of important biological processes, including ribosome, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, proteasome and the TCA cycle, indicating lysine crotonylation is involved in the common mechanism of metabolic regulation. A protein interaction network analysis revealed that diverse interactions are modulated by protein crotonylation. These results suggest that lysine crotonylation is involved in a variety of biological processes. HSP70 is a crucial protein involved in protecting plant cells and tissues from thermal or abiotic stress responses, and HSP70 protein was found to be crotonylated in paper mulberry. This systematic analysis provides the first comprehensive analysis of lysine crotonylation in paper mulberry and provides important resources for further study on the regulatory mechanism and function of the lysine crotonylated proteome.
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Singla RK, He X, Chopra H, Tsagkaris C, Shen L, Kamal MA, Shen B. Natural Products for the Prevention and Control of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Sustainable Bioresources. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:758159. [PMID: 34925017 PMCID: PMC8671886 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.758159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The world has been unprecedentedly hit by a global pandemic which broke the record of deadly pandemics that faced humanity ever since its existence. Even kids are well-versed in the terminologies and basics of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19 now. The vaccination program has been successfully launched in various countries, given that the huge global population of concern is still far behind to be vaccinated. Furthermore, the scarcity of any potential drug against the COVID-19-causing virus forces scientists and clinicians to search for alternative and complementary medicines on a war-footing basis. Aims and Objectives: The present review aims to cover and analyze the etiology and epidemiology of COVID-19, the role of intestinal microbiota and pro-inflammatory markers, and most importantly, the natural products to combat this deadly SARS-CoV-2 virus. Methods: A primary literature search was conducted through PubMed and Google Scholar using relevant keywords. Natural products were searched from January 2020 to November 2020. No timeline limit has been imposed on the search for the biological sources of those phytochemicals. Interactive mapping has been done to analyze the multi-modal and multi-target sources. Results and Discussion: The intestinal microbiota and the pro-inflammatory markers that can serve the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 were discussed. The literature search resulted in yielding 70 phytochemicals and ten polyherbal formulations which were scientifically analyzed against the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its targets and found significant. Retrospective analyses led to provide information about 165 biological sources that can also be screened if not done earlier. Conclusion: The interactive analysis mapping of biological sources with phytochemicals and targets as well as that of phytochemical class with phytochemicals and COVID-19 targets yielded insights into the multitarget and multimodal evidence-based complementary medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev K. Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Xuefei He
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, India
| | | | - Li Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing/Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Jeong GH, Cho JH, Park EK, Kim TH. Enzymatic transformation products of phloretin as potent anti-adipogenic compounds. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:2352-2359. [PMID: 34610084 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic structure modification of the representative chalcone phloretin (1) with polyphenol oxidase from Agaricus bisporus origin produced two new biphenyl-type phloreoxin (2) and phloreoxinone (3), and a previously undescribed (2R)-5,7,3",5"-tetrahydroxyflavanone (4). The structure of these new oxidized products 2‒4 elucidated by interpreting the spectroscopic data (NMR and FABMS) containing the absolute stereochemistry established by analysis of the circular dichroism (CD) spectrum. Compared to the original phloretin, the new products (2) and (3) showed highly improved anti-adipogenic potencies both toward pancreatic lipase and accumulation of 3T3-L1 cells. Aslo, phloreoxin (2) effectively inhibited the expression of C/EBPβ, PPARγ, and aP2 at the mRNA level in the 3T3 adipocytes. Thus, phloreoxin (2), containing a biphenyl moiety catalyzed by A. bisporus polyphenol oxidase, have the potential to influence the anti-adipogenic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong Han Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeon Cho
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Kyun Park
- Department of Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of Korea
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Dej-adisai S, Rais IR, Wattanapiromsakul C, Pitakbut T. Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Assay-Screened Isolation and Molecular Docking Model from Bauhinia pulla Active Compounds. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195970. [PMID: 34641514 PMCID: PMC8512368 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to establish the constituents of Bauhinia pulla as anti-diabetic agents. A phytochemistry analysis was conducted by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitory assay screening resulted in the isolation of eight known compounds of quercetin, quercitrin, luteolin, 5-deoxyluteolin, 4-methyl ether isoliquiritigenin, 3,2',4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxychalcone, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol. Ethanol leaf extracts showed potential effects, which led to a strong inhibitory activity of isolated quercetin at 138.95 µg/mL and 5.41 µg/mL of IC50, respectively. The docking confirmed that flavonoids and chalcones had the same potential binding sites and responsibilities for their activity. This study was the first report of Bauhinia pulla chemical constituents and its alpha-glucosidase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Dej-adisai
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand; (I.R.R.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-74-288888; Fax: +66-74-288891
| | - Ichwan Ridwan Rais
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand; (I.R.R.); (C.W.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta 55164, Indonesia
| | - Chatchai Wattanapiromsakul
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand; (I.R.R.); (C.W.)
| | - Thanet Pitakbut
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Technical University of Dortmund, 44227 Dortmund, Germany;
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Can Electrophysiological Parameters Substitute for Growth, and Photosynthetic Parameters to Characterize the Response of Mulberry and Paper Mulberry to Drought? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10091772. [PMID: 34579304 PMCID: PMC8470290 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Drought is a key factor restricting plant survival, growth and development. The physiological parameters of plants are commonly used to determine the water status, in order to irrigate appropriately and save water. In this study, mulberry (Morus alba L.) and paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent.) seedlings were used as experimental materials, and four soil moisture treatments were set up for both plant species: 70–75% (CK: the control group, referred to as T0), 55–60% (T1: mild drought), 40–45% (T2: moderate drought), and 25–30% (T3: severe drought). The growth parameter of the plants was measured every two days from the onset of the treatment, the photosynthetic and electrophysiological parameters of the plants were measured every other week for a total of five times. The physiological responses and electrophysiological traits of leaves under different treatment levels were analyzed. The results showed that the photosynthetic and electrophysiological parameters could characterize the response of mulberry growth and development to soil water, and the growth and electrophysiological parameters could characterize the response of paper mulberry growth and development to soil water. Mild drought had no significant effects on the growth and development of mulberry and paper mulberry.
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Vu NK, Ha MT, Kim CS, Gal M, Kim JA, Woo MH, Lee JH, Min BS. Structural characterization of prenylated compounds from Broussonetia kazinoki and their antiosteoclastogenic activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 188:112791. [PMID: 34082339 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An undescribed 1,3-diphenylpropane derivative, kazinol V and six undescribed prenylated flavonoids, broussonols F-H and broussonols K-M were isolated from the roots of Broussonetia kazinoki Siebold, together with 12 known compounds. This is the first report of the isolation and structure determination of broussonol I from a natural source. The chemical structure of the undescribed compounds was determined using conventional NMR and HRMS data. Absolute configurations were assigned using time-dependent density functional theory calculations and Electronic Circular Dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy. The isolated compounds were screened for their effects on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation using RAW264.7 cells. Among them, broussonols F, G, and K showed strong, dose-dependent antiosteoclastogenic activities. Broussonol K exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity and possessed bone resorption suppressive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Khanh Vu
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Research and Development Center, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Manh Tuan Ha
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Research and Development Center, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Sub Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Gal
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ah Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Research and Development Center, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyung Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Research and Development Center, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Lee HS, Kim SH, Kim BM, Safe S, Lee SO. Broussochalcone A Is a Novel Inhibitor of the Orphan Nuclear Receptor NR4A1 and Induces Apoptosis in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:2316. [PMID: 33923503 PMCID: PMC8073833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and exhibits pro-oncogenic activity, and NR4A1 silencing and treatment with its inactivators has been shown to inhibit pancreatic cancer cells and tumor growth. In this study, we identified broussochalcone A (BCA) as a new NR4A1 inhibitor and demonstrated that BCA inhibits cell growth partly by inducing NR4A1-mediated apoptotic pathways in human pancreatic cancer cells. BCA downregulated specificity protein 1 (Sp1)-mediated expression of an anti-apoptotic protein, survivin, and activated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptotic pathway. These results suggest that NR4A1 inactivation contributes to the anticancer effects of BCA, and that BCA represents a potential anticancer agent targeting NR4A1 that is overexpressed in many types of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Seon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea;
| | - Soo-Hyun Kim
- National Institute for Korean Medicine Development, Gyeongsan 38540, Korea; (S.-H.K.); (B.-M.K.)
| | - Bo-Mi Kim
- National Institute for Korean Medicine Development, Gyeongsan 38540, Korea; (S.-H.K.); (B.-M.K.)
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA;
| | - Syng-Ook Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea;
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22
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Luthra R, Roy A. Role of medicinal plants against neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:123-139. [PMID: 33573549 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210211123539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diseases with a significant loss of neurons, structurally and functionally are termed as neurodegenerative diseases. Due to the present therapeutic interventions and progressive nature of diseases, a variety of side effects have risen up, thus leading the patients to go for an alternative medication. The role of medicinal plants in such cases has been beneficial because of their exhibition via different cellular and molecular mechanisms. Alleviation in inflammatory responses, suppression of the functionary aspect of pro-inflammatory cytokines like a tumor, improvement in antioxidative properties is among few neuroprotective mechanisms of traditional plants. Variation in transcription and transduction pathways play a vital role in the preventive measures of plants in such diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases are generally caused by depletion of proteins, oxidative and inflammatory stress, environmental changes and so on, with aging being the most important cause. Natural compounds can be used in order to treat neurodegenerative diseases Medicinal plants such as Ginseng, Withania somnifera, Bacopa monnieri, Ginkgo biloba, etc. are some of the medicinal plants for prevention of neurological symptoms. This review deals with the use of different medicinal plants for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Luthra
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi. India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida. India
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Wang X, Zhang R, Wang J, Di L, Wang H, Sikdar A. The Effects of Leaf Extracts of Four Tree Species on Amygdalus pedunculata Seedlings Growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:587579. [PMID: 33584742 PMCID: PMC7873849 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.587579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation reconstruction is an urgent problem in fragile environment like coal mine subsidence areas. Amygdalus pedunculata is an important eco-economic shrub species that promotes wind prevention, sand fixation as well as soil and water conservation. The natural regeneration of pure Amygdalus pedunculata forests is difficult to achieve because of its low seed germination rate and weak seedling growth. A stereo-complex ecosystem could potentially promote the germination and seedling growth of A. pedunculata and establish a steady mixed plantation consisting of trees and shrubs. Here, laboratory and pot experiments were conducted to assess the effect of four tree species on morphological and physiological indexes of A. pedunculata. The laboratory experiment showed that A. pedunculata seed germination and seedling growth from Yuyang County (YC-1) and Shenmu County (SC-6) were higher when plants were treated with the aqueous leaf extracts of Pinus sylvestris, Broussonetia papyrifera, and Pinus tabulaeformis compared with Populus simonii at concentrations of 2.5% (E2.5) and 5% (E5). Furthermore, the donor leaf extract was more sensitive to YC-1 than to SC-6. The pot experiment showed that the E2.5 and E5 treatments with the aqueous leaf extracts on the three tree species had strong promoting effects of seedling length, root length, seedling fresh weight, root fresh weight, and ground diameter for YC-1. The activity of catalase of A. pedunculata seedlings first increased and then decreased, while the activity of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, roots, and the contents of soluble protein and chlorophyll decreased; the opposite patterns were observed for malondialdehyde, soluble sugar, cell membrane permeability, and proline were the opposite. Synthetical allelopathic effect index values of the leaf extracts of the three species on YC-1 were as follows: P. sylvestris > B. papyrifera > P. tabulaeformis (E2.5 to E20). Therefore, P. sylvestris and B. papyrifera could be used to promote the growth of A. pedunculata seedlings as well as for the construction of mixed plantations in coal mine degradation areas. Generally, this study provides new insight into the creation of stereo-complex ecosystems (P. sylvestris + A. pedunculata and B. papyrifera + A. pedunculata) in arid fragile environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Wang
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruiqi Zhang
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, China
| | - Long Di
- Forestry Industry Development Office of Yulin City, Yulin, China
| | - Huaibiao Wang
- Forestry Station of Yuyang District of Yulin City, Yulin, China
| | - Ashim Sikdar
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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Ni J, Su S, Li H, Geng Y, Zhou H, Feng Y, Xu X. Distinct physiological and transcriptional responses of leaves of paper mulberry (Broussonetia kazinoki × B. papyrifera) under different nitrogen supply levels. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 40:667-682. [PMID: 32211806 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Paper mulberry, a vigorous pioneer species used for ecological reclamation and a high-protein forage plant for economic development, has been widely planted in China. To further develop its potential value, it is necessary to explore the regulatory mechanism of nitrogen metabolism for rational nitrogen utilization. In this study, we investigated the morphology, physiology and transcriptome of a paper mulberry hybrid (Broussonetia kazinoki × B. papyrifera) in response to different nitrogen concentrations. Moderate nitrogen promoted plant growth and biomass accumulation. Photosynthetic characteristics, concentration of nitrogenous compounds and activities of enzymes were stimulated under nitrogen treatment. However, these enhancements were slightly or severely inhibited under excessive nitrogen supply. Nitrite reductase and glutamate synthase were more sensitive than nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase and more likely to be inhibited under high nitrogen concentrations. Transcriptome analysis of the leaf transcriptome identified 161,961 unigenes. The differentially expressed genes associated with metabolism of nitrogen, alanine, aspartate, glutamate and glycerophospholipid showed high transcript abundances after nitrogen application, whereas those associated with glycerophospholipid, glycerolipid, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism were down-regulated. Combined with weighted gene coexpression network analysis, we uncovered 16 modules according to similarity in expression patterns. Asparagine synthetase and inorganic pyrophosphatase were considered two hub genes in two modules, which were associated with nitrogen metabolism and phosphorus metabolism, respectively. The expression characteristics of these genes may explain the regulation of morphological, physiological and other related metabolic strategies harmoniously. This multifaceted study provides valuable insights to further understand the mechanism of nitrogen metabolism and to guide utilization of paper mulberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shang Su
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yonghang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Houjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yanzhi Feng
- Paulownia Research and Development Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Xinqiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
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Iraji A, Adelpour T, Edraki N, Khoshneviszadeh M, Miri R, Khoshneviszadeh M. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking analysis of vaniline-benzylidenehydrazine hybrids as potent tyrosinase inhibitors. BMC Chem 2020; 14:28. [PMID: 32280949 PMCID: PMC7137441 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-00679-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, 11 novel compounds based on vaniline and benzylidenehydrazine structure were synthesized with various substituents on phenyl aromatic ring of the molecule and evaluated as tyrosinase inhibitors. These new derivatives showed significant anti-tyrosinase activities, among which 4i demonstrated to be the most potent compound, with IC50 values of 1.58 µM . The structure–activity relationship study of the novel constructed analogs was fully discussed. Kinetic study of compound 4i showed uncompetitive inhibition towards tyrosinase. Furthermore, the high potency of 4i was supported theoretically by molecular docking evaluations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Iraji
- 1Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tina Adelpour
- 2Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- 1Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahsima Khoshneviszadeh
- 1Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Miri
- 1Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoshneviszadeh
- 1Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,2Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Han F, Xiao Y, Lee IS. Microbial Transformation of Prenylquercetins by Mucor hiemalis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030528. [PMID: 31991807 PMCID: PMC7037548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, one of the most widely distributed flavonoids, has been found to show various biological activities including antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. It has been reported that bioactivity enhancement of flavonoids has often been closely associated with nuclear prenylation, as shown in 8-prenylquercetin and 5'-prenylquercetin. It has also been revealed in many studies that the biological activities of flavonoids could be improved after glucosylation. Three prenylated quercetins were prepared in this study, and microbial transformation was carried out in order to identify derivatives of prenylquercetins with increased water solubility and improved bioavailability. The fungus M. hiemalis was proved to be capable of converting prenylquercetins into more polar metabolites and was selected for preparative fermentation. Six novel glucosylated metabolites were obtained and their chemical structures were elucidated by NMR and mass spectrometric analyses. All the microbial metabolites showed improvement in water solubility.
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Chemical constituents with prenyl substitution from the stem and root of Daphne giraldii Nitsche. (Thymelaeaceae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2019.103958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Fan M, Ding H, Zhang G, Hu X, Gong D. Relationships of dietary flavonoid structure with its tyrosinase inhibitory activity and affinity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wang L, Xu ML, Xin L, Ma C, Yu G, Saravanakumar K, Wang MH. Oxidative stress induced apoptosis mediated anticancer activity of Rhus typhina fruits extract in human colon cancer. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02347-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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31
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Qiu G, Zhao Y, Wang H, Tan X, Chen F, Hu X. Biochar synthesized via pyrolysis of Broussonetia papyrifera leaves: mechanisms and potential applications for phosphate removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:6565-6575. [PMID: 30623334 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-04095-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Broussonetia papyrifera leaves collected from land near a restored manganese mine in the Hunan Province of China were converted into biochar under high-temperature anaerobic conditions, regeneration and utilization of agricultural and forest waste, and applied to the prevention of eutrophication. The physicochemical properties of the B. papyrifera biochar were characterized using Micromeritics 3Flex analyzer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), zeta potential meter (zeta), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effects of pH, ionic strength, coexisting ions, time, initial concentration, and temperature on the decontamination process of phosphate in water were studied. The results indicated that adsorption was enhanced under alkaline conditions. The pseudo-second-order model of adsorption kinetics was applied to illustrate the adsorption processes. The chemical adsorption reaction was the main rate-limiting step in the adsorption process. Isotherm experimental data were best fitted by the Freundlich model at 25 °C and by the Langmuir model at 35 °C. The phosphate combined with B. papyrifera biochar mainly in the forms of exchangeable phosphorus (Ex-P), Al-bound phosphorus (Al-P), and Fe-bound phosphorus (Fe-P). These results indicate that B. papyrifera biochar is a suitable candidate for the treatment of a eutrophic body of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Qiu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlin Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangxu Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjiang Hu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China.
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Miyata R, Sahlan M, Ishikawa Y, Hashimoto H, Honda S, Kumazawa S. Propolis Components from Stingless Bees Collected on South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and Their Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:205-210. [PMID: 30719922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Three new compounds, namely, 4-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxycoumarin (1) and sulawesins A (2) and B (3), were isolated from the propolis of stingless bees ( Tetragonula aff. biroi) collected on South Sulawesi, Indonesia. In addition, five known compounds, glyasperin A, broussoflavonol F, (2 S)-5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-prenylflavanone, (1' S)-2- trans,4- trans-abscisic acid, and (1' S)-2- cis,4- trans-abscisic acid, were identified. The structures of the new compounds were determined by a combination of methods that included mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The absolute configuration of sulawesin A (2), a new podophyllotoxin derivative, was determined by X-ray crystallography. The absolute configuration of sulawesin B (3) was also determined by the ECD calculation. 4-(4'-Hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxycoumarin (1) and sulawesin A (2) were examined for xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity; 1 exhibited XO inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 3.9 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Miyata
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada , Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
| | - Muhamad Sahlan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Universitas Indonesia , Baru UI, Depok 16424 , Indonesia
| | - Yoshinobu Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada , Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada , Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
| | - Sari Honda
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada , Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
| | - Shigenori Kumazawa
- Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences , University of Shizuoka , 52-1 Yada , Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
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Micheloni OB, Farroni AE, García P, Furlan RL. Rapid autographic method for detection of enzymatic browning inhibitors based on enzyme immobilization. Food Chem 2018; 269:638-643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen XY, Gou SH, Shi ZQ, Xue ZY, Feng SL. Spectrum-effect relationship between HPLC fingerprints and bioactive components of Radix Hedysari on increasing the peak bone mass of rat. J Pharm Anal 2018; 9:266-273. [PMID: 31452965 PMCID: PMC6702403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional Chinese medicine of Radix Hedysari plays an important role in invigorating gas for ascending, benefiting blood for promoting production of fluid, and promoting circulation for removing obstruction in collaterals, which is consistent with the principle of treatment for osteoporosis. This study is designed to investigate the bioactive components on increasing peak bone mass (PBM) by exploring the spectrum-effect relationship between chromatography fingerprints and effect. Multiple indicators are selected to evaluate the pharmacological activity. In fingerprints, 21 common peaks are obtained, five of which are identified. Furthermore, gray relational analysis (GRA) is a quantitative method of gray system theory and is used to describe the correlation degree of common peaks and pharmacological activities with relational value. 21 components are then divided into three different regions, of which ononin and calycosin play an extremely significant role in increasing PBM. In addition, factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) are used to screen the optimal producing area for Radix Hedysari. This provides a comprehensive and efficient method to improve the quality evaluation of Radix Hedysari, confirming the bioactive components for PBM-enhancement and further develop its medicinal value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - San-Hu Gou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shi-Lan Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Wagle A, Seong SH, Jung HA, Choi JS. Identifying an isoflavone from the root of Pueraria lobata as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor. Food Chem 2018; 276:383-389. [PMID: 30409609 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, the root of Pueraria lobata are widely used as a functional food. It was observed that a 70% ethanol extract showed a dose-dependent inhibition towards mushroom tyrosinase. Among the different isolated compounds, calycosin demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against substrates l-tyrosine and l-DOPA, with IC50 of 1.45 ± 0.03 and 7.02 ± 0.46 µM, respectively. Conversely, formononetin and daidzein exhibit weak inhibition. Moreover, kinetic studies revealed calycosin to be a competitive inhibitor for both substrates. Additionally, molecular docking simulation showed that the hydroxyl groups at C-3' and C-7 positions interacted with the catalytic site and peripheral residues, demonstrating a higher affinity toward mushroom tyrosinase. Accordingly, our results suggest that, rather than a mono-substituted hydroxyl or methoxyl group, the presence of a hydroxyl group at C-3' and a methoxyl group at C-4' position of the isoflavone skeleton plays an essential role in the manifestation of anti-browning activity in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Wagle
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
More than 80% of the global population depends on traditional medicine for their basic primary health care needs. Africa has a well-established history of botanicals use. These include a vast array of compounds that can be used to treat various skin-related conditions. The rationale for the use of traditional medicine in skincare stems from the physical effects these compounds have on skin, such as the ability to control bleeding and speed up wound healing, as well as the potential to treat burns and other disorders of pigmentation. Most African traditional healers employ decoctions and infusion methods in medicinal plant preparations; the former entails boiling of the whole or parts of the plant in water or other solvents to extract the active ingredients. Infusions involve immersion of the plant in hot or cold water for some time, followed by topically application to the affected skin area. The cosmetic skincare products are formulated to protect, enhance, and preserve the skin in its healthiest state to maintain its barrier function, thus protecting the human body. This review examines a number of botanicals that are used across Africa and the phytochemical actives that are responsible for skincare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ncoza C Dlova
- Department of Dermatology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Moses A Ollengo
- Department of Chemistry, Dedan Kimathi University of Technology, Nyeri, Kenya
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A theoretical study on the antioxidant activity of Uralenol and Neouralenol scavenging two radicals. Struct Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-018-1090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yao L, Yang H, Yoo CG, Meng X, Li M, Pu Y, Ragauskas AJ, Sykes RW. Adsorption of cellobiohydrolases I onto lignin fractions from dilute acid pretreated Broussonetia papyrifera. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:957-962. [PMID: 28847086 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Broussonetia papyrifera, known as paper mulberry, is a potential feed stock for bioethanol production because of its cellulose-rich composition. Lignin in dilute acid pretreated Broussonetia papyrifera was fractionated to three different fractions, and their physiochemical properties were determined by FT-IR, GPC and NMR analyses. Different structural characteristics were observed from each lignin fraction. Cellobiohydrolases I (CBH) adsorption to each lignin was understood by the lignin properties. The results showed that aliphatic hydroxyl groups in lignin showed positive correlations with the maximum binding ability of CBH onto lignin samples. Also, the contents of phenolic compounds such as p-hydroxyphenyl benzoate (PB), syringyl (S) and guaiacyl (G) units in the lignin influenced their CBH binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- School of Pulp & Paper Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA
| | - Haitao Yang
- School of Pulp & Paper Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA
| | - Mi Li
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Yunqiao Pu
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA; Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, Center of Renewable Carbon, The University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA.
| | - Robert W Sykes
- National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
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Qiu D, Guo J, Yu H, Yan J, Yang S, Li X, Zhang Y, Sun J, Cong J, He S, Wei D, Qin JC. Antioxidant phenolic compounds isolated from wild Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim. fruit peels and leaves. Food Chem 2017; 241:182-187. [PMID: 28958517 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen phenolic compounds were isolated from pear (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.) peels and leaves extracts by using various column chromatography techniques with a guided DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging assay, the result of antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds is then verified by measurement of ROS (reactive oxygen species). The isolated compounds were identified as rutin (1), (-)-catechin (2), orobol (3), daidzein (4), tricin 4'-O-[threo-β-guaiacyl-(7″-O-methyl)-glyceryl] ether (5), tricin 4'-O-[threo-β-guaiacyl-(7″-O-methyl-9″-O-acetyl)-glyceryl] ether (6), 5,7,3',5'-tetrahydroxyflavanone (7), artselaeroside A (8), trilobatin (9), 3-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propan-1-one (10), quercetin-3-O-(3″-O-galloyl)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (11), apigenin (12) and quercetin (13) on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy along with comparison with literature data. Among these compounds, quercetin and quercetin-3-O-(3″-O-galloyl)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside exhibited potent DPPH radical-scavenging activity with IC50 (Half Maximal Inhibitory Concentration) value of 6.06 and 9.60μg/mL, respectively. The results revealed that P. ussuriensis could be used in the fields of food and medicine to prevent human aging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daren Qiu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Jie Guo
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Huimei Yu
- Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jiao Yan
- Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shengxiang Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Forestry Biomass, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Yamei Zhang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Jinzhu Sun
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Jie Cong
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Shuliang He
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Wei
- Centre for Wood Science, Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, Leuschnerstrasses 91, Hamburg 21031, Germany
| | - Jian-Chun Qin
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
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Zhang L, Zhao X, Tao GJ, Chen J, Zheng ZP. Investigating the inhibitory activity and mechanism differences between norartocarpetin and luteolin for tyrosinase: A combinatory kinetic study and computational simulation analysis. Food Chem 2017; 223:40-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Qiu DR, Wang DC, Yang SX, Zhang YM, Wei DS, Zhang MZ, Sun JZ, Cong J, Guo J, He SL, Qin JC. Chemical constituents from the fruits of Rhus typhina L. and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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de Freitas MM, Fontes PR, Souza PM, William Fagg C, Neves Silva Guerra E, de Medeiros Nóbrega YK, Silveira D, Fonseca-Bazzo Y, Simeoni LA, Homem-de-Mello M, Oliveira Magalhães P. Extracts of Morus nigra L. Leaves Standardized in Chlorogenic Acid, Rutin and Isoquercitrin: Tyrosinase Inhibition and Cytotoxicity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163130. [PMID: 27655047 PMCID: PMC5031429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanogenesis is a process responsible for melanin production, which is stored in melanocytes containing tyrosinase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a target in the cosmetics industry, since it controls undesirable skin conditions such as hyperpigmentation due to the overproduction of melanin. Species of the Morus genus are known for the beneficial uses offered in different parts of its plants, including tyrosinase inhibition. Thus, this project aimed to study the inhibitory activity of tyrosinase by extracts from Morus nigra leaves as well as the characterization of its chromatographic profile and cytotoxicity in order to become a new therapeutic option from a natural source. M. nigra leaves were collected, pulverized, equally divided into five batches and the standardized extract was obtained by passive maceration. There was no significant difference between batches for total solids content, yield and moisture content, which shows good reproducibility of the extraction process. Tyrosinase enzymatic activity was determined for each batch, providing the percentage of enzyme inhibition and IC50 values obtained by constructing dose-response curves and compared to kojic acid, a well-known tyrosinase inhibitor. High inhibition of tyrosinase activity was observed (above 90% at 15.625 μg/mL). The obtained IC50 values ranged from 5.00 μg/mL ± 0.23 to 8.49 μg/mL ± 0.59 and were compared to kojic acid (3.37 μg/mL ± 0.65). High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis revealed the presence of chlorogenic acid, rutin and, its major compound, isoquercitrin. The chromatographic method employed was validated according to ICH guidelines and the extract was standardized using these polyphenols as markers. Cytotoxicity, assessed by MTT assay, was not observed on murine melanomas, human keratinocytes and mouse fibroblasts in tyrosinase IC50 values. This study demonstrated the potential of M. nigra leaf extract as a promising whitening agent of natural source against skin hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Medeiros de Freitas
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences School, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Pedro Ribeiro Fontes
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences School, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Paula Monteiro Souza
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences School, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Christopher William Fagg
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science, School of Pharmacy, Ceilândia Campus, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Eliete Neves Silva Guerra
- Department of Odontology, Health Sciences School, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Yanna Karla de Medeiros Nóbrega
- Immunogenetic and Chronic-degenerative Diseases Laboratory, School of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Damaris Silveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences School, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Yris Fonseca-Bazzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences School, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Simeoni
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences School, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Maurício Homem-de-Mello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences School, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Pérola Oliveira Magalhães
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences School, University of Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
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Gąsowska-Bajger B, Wojtasek H. Reactions of Flavonoids with o-Quinones Interfere with the Spectrophotometric Assay of Tyrosinase Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:5417-5427. [PMID: 27341415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are important food components with antioxidant properties and many of them have been described as tyrosinase inhibitors. Oxidation of quercetin, kaempferol, morin, catechin, and naringenin by mushroom tyrosinase and their influence on the oxidation of l-dopa and l-tyrosine was studied. Reaction rates measured spectrophotometrically and by oxygen consumption differed substantially. All tested flavonoids reacted with 4-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone and/or 4-methyl-o-benzoquinone, although at different rates. These reactions generated products whose UV-vis spectra either overlapped or did not overlap with the spectrum of dopachrome. They therefore strongly influence the kinetic analysis performed by measuring the absorbance at 475 nm during oxidation of l-dopa or l-tyrosine generating false inhibition or activation effects. This method is therefore inappropriate for monitoring the activity of this enzyme in the presence of flavonoids and other compounds possessing strong nucleophilic or reducing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hubert Wojtasek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Opole University , Ul. Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
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Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza uralensis and their Radical-Scavenging Activity. Chem Nat Compd 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-016-1682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ji S, Li Z, Song W, Wang Y, Liang W, Li K, Tang S, Wang Q, Qiao X, Zhou D, Yu S, Ye M. Bioactive Constituents of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Licorice): Discovery of the Effective Components of a Traditional Herbal Medicine. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:281-92. [PMID: 26841168 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicines have been reported to possess significant bioactivities. In this investigation, a combined strategy using both phytochemical and biological approaches was conducted to discern the effective components of licorice, a widely used herbal medicine. Altogether, 122 compounds (1-122), including six new structures (1-6), were isolated and identified from the roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (licorice). These compounds were then screened using 11 cell- and enzyme-based bioassay methods, including Nrf2 activation, NO inhibition, NF-κB inhibition, H1N1 virus inhibition, cytotoxicity for cancer cells (HepG2, SW480, A549, MCF7), PTP1B inhibition, tyrosinase inhibition, and AChE inhibition. A number of bioactive compounds, particularly isoprenylated phenolics, were found for the first time. Echinatin (7), a potent Nrf2 activator, was selected as an example for further biological work. It attenuated CCl4-induced liver damage in mice (5 or 10 mg/kg, ip) and thus is responsible, at least in part, for the hepatoprotective activity of licorice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Demin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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Rozmer Z, Perjési P. Naturally occurring chalcones and their biological activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2016. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-014-9387-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
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50
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