1
|
Hao LS, Zhang MM, Li XF, Xin X, Zhao GL. Efficient regioselective enzymatic acylation of troxerutin: difference characterization of in vitro cellular uptake and cytotoxicity. Food Funct 2024; 15:5785-5796. [PMID: 38660890 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00906a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a multi-site acylation strategy to improve the lipophilicity and cellular uptake of troxerutin, a natural flavonoid with many health-promoting bioactivities. By clarifying the acylation properties of troxerutin catalyzed by lipases from different sources, a series of troxerutin ester derivatives acylated at different sites was synthesized, including troxerutin dipropyl (TDP), tripropyl (TTP), tetrapropyl (TEP), dibutyl (TDB), monohexyl (TMH), monooctyl (TMO) and monodecyl (TMD) esters. Interestingly, the troxerutin esters acylated at multiple sites with shorter fatty chains (TDP, TTP and TEP) had similar lipophilicity to the mono-acylated esters bearing longer fatty chains (TMH, TMO and TMD, respectively) and meanwhile demonstrated surprisingly lower cytotoxicity than that of the long fatty-chain mono-esters. In particular, the multi-acylated esters with shorter fatty chains showed remarkably higher cellular uptake than the mono-esters with long fatty chains. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion suggested that the multi-acylated esters of troxerutin were more resistant to gastrointestinal degradation than the mono-esters. These results indicated that multi-site acylation with short fatty chains could be an effective alternative to introducing one-site mono-acylation for the modification of troxerutin and other flavonoid compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Sha Hao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Meng-Meng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Dongsha Street 24, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xuan Xin
- College of Light Industry and Food Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Dongsha Street 24, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China.
| | - Guang-Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lan ZF, Yao W, Xie YC, Chen W, Zhu YY, Chen JQ, Zhou XY, Huang JQ, Wu MS, Chen JX. Oral Troxerutin Alleviates Depression Symptoms in Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Microbial Metabolism. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300603. [PMID: 38072646 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE A growing body of evidence suggests that the harmful gut microbiota in depression patients can play a role in the progression of depression. There is limited research on troxerutin's impact on the central nervous system (CNS), especially in depression. The study finds that troxerutin effectively alleviates depression and anxiety-like behavior in mice by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus and Firmicutes while decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria like Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria in the gut. Furthermore, the research reveals that troxerutin regulates various metabolic pathways in mice, including nucleotide metabolism, caffeine metabolism, purine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, histidine metabolism, 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and Arginine and proline metabolism. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the study provides compelling evidence for the antidepressant efficacy of troxerutin. Through the investigation of the role of intestinal microorganisms and metabolites, the study identifies these factors as key players in troxerutin's ability to prevent depression. Troxerutin achieves its neuroprotective effects and effectively prevents depression and anxiety by modulating the abundance of gut microbiota, including Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria, as well as regulating metabolites such as creatine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Fang Lan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yi-Ci Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wushisi Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yin-Ying Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia-Qi Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xing-Yi Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun-Qing Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Man-Si Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- School of Food and Biotechnology, Guangdong Industry Polytechnic, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen D, Liu Y, Liu P, Zhou Y, Jiang L, Yuan C, Huang M. Orally delivered rutin in lipid-based nano-formulation exerts strong antithrombotic effects by protein disulfide isomerase inhibition. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1824-1835. [PMID: 35674505 PMCID: PMC9186361 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2083726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis occurs in both macrovasculature and microvasculature, causing various cardio-cerebral vascular diseases. The lack of effective and safe antithrombotic drugs leads to a public health crisis. Mounting evidence suggests that protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) plays a critical role in the initial stage of thrombus formation, motivating the research of the feasibility of PDI inhibitors as novel anti-thrombotics. Rutin, one of the most potent PDI inhibitors, was reported to suppress platelet aggregation and thrombosis in animal models, but further studies and clinical translation were restricted due to its low aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability. In this work, we fabricated rutin-loaded lipid-based nano-formulation (NanoR) and characterized their physical-chemical properties, release profiles, pharmacokinetic process, and pharmacodynamic function against thrombosis in macrovessels and microvessels. NanoR provided increased solubility and dissolution of rutin to achieve earlier Tmax and higher Cmax than the sodium salt of rutin (NaR) after oral gavage. Ex vivo studies demonstrated that NanoR significantly inhibited thrombin generation and clot formation in the plasma of mice. Importantly, such effect was reversed by exogenous recombinant PDI, demonstrating the specificity of the NanoR. In direct current-induced arterial thrombosis model and ferric chloride-induced microvascular thrombosis model, NanoR exhibited greatly enhanced antithrombotic activity compared with NaR. NanoR also showed good safety performance according to tail bleeding assay, global coagulation tests, and histological analysis. Overall, our current results indicated that NanoR offers a promising antithrombotic treatment with potential for clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- College of Chemistry, National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yurong Liu
- College of Chemistry, National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peiwen Liu
- College of Chemistry, National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Chemistry, National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Longguang Jiang
- College of Chemistry, National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Cai Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingdong Huang
- College of Chemistry, National & Local Joint Biomedical Engineering Research Center on Photodynamic Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alsawaf S, Alnuaimi F, Afzal S, Thomas RM, Chelakkot AL, Ramadan WS, Hodeify R, Matar R, Merheb M, Siddiqui SS, Vazhappilly CG. Plant Flavonoids on Oxidative Stress-Mediated Kidney Inflammation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121717. [PMID: 36552226 PMCID: PMC9774981 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is susceptible to reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular injury resulting in glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, tubular cell apoptosis, and senescence, leading to renal failure, and is a significant cause of death worldwide. Oxidative stress-mediated inflammation is a key player in the pathophysiology of various renal injuries and diseases. Recently, flavonoids' role in alleviating kidney diseases has been reported with an inverse correlation between dietary flavonoids and kidney injuries. Flavonoids are plant polyphenols possessing several health benefits and are distributed in plants from roots to leaves, flowers, and fruits. Dietary flavonoids have potent antioxidant and free-radical scavenging properties and play essential roles in disease prevention. Flavonoids exert a nephroprotective effect by improving antioxidant status, ameliorating excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and reducing oxidative stress, by acting as Nrf2 antioxidant response mediators. Moreover, flavonoids play essential roles in reducing chemical toxicity. Several studies have demonstrated the effects of flavonoids in reducing oxidative stress, preventing DNA damage, reducing inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting apoptosis-mediated cell death, thereby preventing or improving kidney injuries/diseases. This review covers the recent nephroprotective effects of flavonoids against oxidative stress-mediated inflammation in the kidney and their clinical advancements in renal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seba Alsawaf
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatema Alnuaimi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saba Afzal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rinku Mariam Thomas
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Wafaa S. Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rawad Hodeify
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rachel Matar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maxime Merheb
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shoib Sarwar Siddiqui
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Cijo George Vazhappilly
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-7-246-8842
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Natural Inhibitors Targeting the Localization of Lipoprotein System in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214352. [PMID: 36430829 PMCID: PMC9696335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The localization of lipoprotein (Lol) system is responsible for the transport of lipoproteins in the outer membrane (OM) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. LolB catalyzes the last step in the Lol system, where lipoproteins are inserted into the OM. If the function of LolB is impeded, growth of V. parahaemolyticus is inhibited, due to lack of an intact OM barrier for protection against the external environment. Additionally, it becomes progressively harder to generate antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this study, LolB was employed as the receptor for a high-throughput virtual screening from a natural compounds database. Compounds with higher glide score were selected for an inhibition assay against V. parahaemolyticus. It was found that procyanidin, stevioside, troxerutin and rutin had both exciting binding affinity with LolB in the micromolar range and preferable antibacterial activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition rates of 100 ppm were 87.89%, 86.2%, 91.39% and 83.71%, respectively. The bacteriostatic mechanisms of the four active compounds were explored further via fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking, illustrating that each molecule formed a stable complex with LolB via hydrogen bonds and pi-pi stacking interactions. Additionally, the critical sites for interaction with V. parahaemolyticus LolB, Tyr108 and Gln68, were also illustrated. This paper demonstrates the inhibition of LolB, thus, leading to antibacterial activity, and identifies LolB as a promising drug target for the first time. These compounds could be the basis for potential antibacterial agents against V. parahaemolyticus.
Collapse
|
6
|
Fahmideh F, Marchesi N, Campagnoli LIM, Landini L, Caramella C, Barbieri A, Govoni S, Pascale A. Effect of troxerutin in counteracting hyperglycemia-induced VEGF upregulation in endothelial cells: a new option to target early stages of diabetic retinopathy? Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:951833. [PMID: 36046820 PMCID: PMC9420903 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.951833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus, is characterized by degeneration of retinal neurons and neoangiogenesis. Until today, the pharmacological approaches for DR are limited and focused on counteracting the end-stage of this neurodegenerative disease, therefore efforts should be carried out to discover novel pharmacological targets useful to prevent DR development. Hyperglycemia is a major risk factor for endothelial dysfunction and vascular complication, which subsequently may trigger neurodegeneration. We previously demonstrated that, in the rat retina, hyperglycemia activates a new molecular cascade implicating, up-stream, protein kinase C βII (PKC βII), which in turn leads to a higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), via the mRNA-binding Hu-antigen R (HuR) protein. VEGF is a pivotal mediator of neovascularization and a well-known vasopermeability factor. Blocking the increase of VEGF via modulation of this cascade can thus represent a new pharmacological option to prevent DR progression. To this aim, proper in vitro models are crucial for drug discovery, as they allow to better identify promising effective molecules. Considering that endothelial cells are key elements in DR and that hyperglycemia triggers the PKCβII/HuR/VEGF pathway, we set up two distinct in vitro models applying two different stimuli. Namely, human umbilical vein endothelial cells were exposed to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which mimics diacylglycerol whose synthesis is triggered by diabetic hyperglycemia, while human retinal endothelial cells were treated with high glucose for different times. After selecting the optimal experimental conditions able to determine an increased VEGF production, in search of molecules useful to prevent DR development, we investigated the capability of troxerutin, an antioxidant flavonoid, to counteract not only the rise of VEGF but also the activation of the PKCβII/HuR cascade in both in vitro models. The results show the capability of troxerutin to hinder the hyperglycemia-induced increase in VEGF in both models through PKCβII/HuR pathway modulation. Further, these data confirm the key engagement of this cascade as an early event triggered by hyperglycemia to promote VEGF expression. Finally, the present findings also suggest the potential use of troxerutin as a preventive treatment during the early phases of DR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. Fahmideh
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - N. Marchesi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: N. Marchesi, ; A. Pascale,
| | - L. I. M. Campagnoli
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - L. Landini
- Bausch & Lomb—Iom S.p.A, Vimodrone (Milan), Italy
| | - C. Caramella
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Barbieri
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - S. Govoni
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Pascale
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: N. Marchesi, ; A. Pascale,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Carboxymethylation of Desmodium styracifolium Polysaccharide and Its Repair Effect on Damaged HK-2 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2082263. [PMID: 35993017 PMCID: PMC9391130 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2082263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Desmodium styracifolium is the best traditional medicine for treating kidney calculi in China. This study is aimed at increasing the carboxyl (-COOH) content of D. styracifolium polysaccharide (DSP0) and further increasing its antistone activity. Methods DSP0 was carboxymethylated with chloroacetic acid at varying degrees. Then, oxalate-damaged HK-2 cells were repaired with modified polysaccharide, and the changes in biochemical indices before and after repair were detected. Results Three modified polysaccharides with 7.45% (CDSP1), 12.2% (CDSP2), and 17.7% (CDSP3) -COOH are obtained. Compared with DSP0 (-COOH content = 1.17%), CDSPs have stronger antioxidant activity in vitro and can improve the vitality of damaged HK-2 cells. CDSPs repair the cell morphology and cytoskeleton, increase the cell healing ability, reduce reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide levels, increase mitochondrial membrane potential, limit autophagy level to a low level, reduce the eversion of phosphatidylserine in the cell membrane, weaken the inhibition of oxalate on DNA synthesis, restore cell cycle to normal state, promote cell proliferation, and reduce apoptosis/necrosis. Conclusion The carboxymethylation modification of DSP0 can improve its antioxidant activity and enhance its ability to repair damaged HK-2 cells. Among them, CDSP2 with medium -COOH content has the highest activity of repairing cells, whereas CDSP3 with the highest -COOH content has the highest antioxidant activity. This difference may be related to the active environment of polysaccharide and conformation of the polysaccharide and cell signal pathway. This result suggests that Desmodium styracifolium polysaccharide with increased -COOH content may have improved potential treatment and prevention of kidney calculi.
Collapse
|
8
|
Niu E, Gao S, Yu X, Soleimani A, Zhu S. Comprehensive evaluation of the response to aluminum stress in olive tree ( Olea europaea L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:968499. [PMID: 35968113 PMCID: PMC9366337 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.968499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Olive (Olea europaea L.) is an ancient tree species in the Mediterranean, but the lack of knowledge about aluminum-resistant varieties limits its introduction to acidic soil. The objective of this study was to have a comprehensive evaluation of the response to aluminum stress in olive tree at germplasm, metabolome, and transcriptome levels. In this experiment, seedlings of 97 olive germplasm with 1.0-3.0 cm roots and two leaves were treated with 50 μM Al3+ (pH = 5.0). By factor analysis of the traits of defoliation rate, rooting rate, length of extended root, and length of new root, 97 germplasm were classified into five different groups according to their diverse responses to aluminum stress: 5 highly resistant (5.15%), 30 moderately resistant (30.93%), 31 general (31.96%), 23 moderately sensitive (23.71%), and 8 highly sensitive (8.25%) germplasm. The three most sensitive and three most resistant germplasm were further used for metabolome and transcriptome analysis. Exposed to aluminum stress, 96 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs)/4,845 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 66 DAMs/2,752 DEGs were identified in highly sensitive and resistant germplasm, respectively. Using multi-omics technology, the pathways and related DAMs/DEGs involved in cell wall/cytoplasm receptors, reactive oxygen species balance, hormone induction, synthesis of organic acids, Al3+ transport, and synthesis of metabolites were identified to mainly regulate the response to aluminum stress in olive. This study provides a theoretical guide and prior germplasm and genes for further genetic improvement of aluminum tolerance in the olive tree.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song Gao
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ali Soleimani
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Shenlong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tosato M, Ciciarello F, Zazzara MB, Pais C, Savera G, Picca A, Galluzzo V, Coelho-Júnior HJ, Calvani R, Marzetti E, Landi F. Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements for Older Adults with Long COVID. Clin Geriatr Med 2022; 38:565-591. [PMID: 35868674 PMCID: PMC9212635 DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tosato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Francesca Ciciarello
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Zazzara
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Cristina Pais
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Giulia Savera
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Galluzzo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy; Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168, Italy; Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, Rome 00168, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sahu D, Bishwal SC, Malik MZ, Sahu S, Kaushik SR, Sharma S, Saini E, Arya R, Rastogi A, Sharma S, Sen S, Singh RKB, Liu CJ, Nanda RK, Panda AK. Troxerutin-Mediated Complement Pathway Inhibition is a Disease-Modifying Treatment for Inflammatory Arthritis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:845457. [PMID: 35433699 PMCID: PMC9009527 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.845457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Troxerutin (TXR) is a phytochemical reported to possess anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects. In this study, we aimed to exploit the antiarthritic properties of TXR using an adjuvant-induced arthritic (AIA) rat model. AIA-induced rats showed the highest arthritis score at the disease onset and by oral administration of TXR (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight), reduced to basal level in a dose-dependent manner. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitative (iTRAQ) proteomics tool were employed to identify deregulated joint homogenate proteins in AIA and TXR-treated rats to decipher the probable mechanism of TXR action in arthritis. iTRAQ analysis identified a set of 434 proteins with 65 deregulated proteins (log2 case/control≥1.5) in AIA. Expressions of a set of important proteins (AAT, T-kininogen, vimentin, desmin, and nucleophosmin) that could classify AIA from the healthy ones were validated using Western blot analysis. The Western blot data corroborated proteomics findings. In silico protein–protein interaction study of tissue-proteome revealed that complement component 9 (C9), the major building blocks of the membrane attack complex (MAC) responsible for sterile inflammation, get perturbed in AIA. Our dosimetry study suggests that a TXR dose of 200 mg/kg body weight for 15 days is sufficient to bring the arthritis score to basal levels in AIA rats. We have shown the importance of TXR as an antiarthritic agent in the AIA model and after additional investigation, its arthritic ameliorating properties could be exploited for clinical usability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Sahu
- Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Debasis Sahu, ; Ranjan Kumar Nanda, ; Amulya Kumar Panda,
| | - Subasa Chandra Bishwal
- Translational Health Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
| | - Md. Zubbair Malik
- School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sukanya Sahu
- Translational Health Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Rai Kaushik
- Translational Health Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
| | - Shikha Sharma
- Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Ekta Saini
- Malaria Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Arya
- Translational Health Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
| | - Archana Rastogi
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Shanta Sen
- Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - R. K. Brojen Singh
- School of Computational & Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Chuan-Ju Liu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ranjan Kumar Nanda
- Translational Health Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Debasis Sahu, ; Ranjan Kumar Nanda, ; Amulya Kumar Panda,
| | - Amulya Kumar Panda
- Product Development Cell, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Debasis Sahu, ; Ranjan Kumar Nanda, ; Amulya Kumar Panda,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Arab HH, Abd El-Aal SA, Eid AH, Arafa ESA, Mahmoud AM, Ashour AM. Targeting inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis by troxerutin attenuates methotrexate-induced renal injury in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 103:108284. [PMID: 34953450 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Troxerutin, a bioflavonoid with marked immune-modulatory and antioxidant features, has been proven to ameliorate experimental cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and neurodegeneration. However, its impact on methotrexate (MTX)-induced nephrotoxicity has not been investigated. In the current work, we aimed to investigate the potential of troxerutin to combat MTX-triggered renal injury, exploring immune cell infiltration, inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis, with emphasis on the HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB, AMPK/mTOR, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. METHODOLOGY Troxerutin (150 mg/kg/day) was administered by oral gavage and the renal tissues were examined with the aid of biochemical assays, ELISA, histology, and immunohistochemistry. KEY FINDINGS Troxerutin mitigated MTX-induced renal dysfunction by significantly lowering creatinine, BUN, and KIM-1 alongside immune-cell infiltration and histopathologic aberrations. These favorable effects were mediated by inhibition of HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB cascade via downregulating the protein expression of HMGB1, RAGE, and nuclear NF-κBp65 alongside its downstream signals, including COX-2 and TNF-α. Moreover, troxerutin activated the autophagy flux as evidenced by upregulating renal Beclin 1, lowering p62 SQSTM1 accumulation, and activation of AMPK/mTOR pathway, seen by increasing p-AMPK/total AMPK and lowering p-mTOR/total mTOR signals. In tandem, troxerutin combated renal apoptotic changes as proven with lowering caspase-3 activity, Bax expression, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and upregulating the proliferation signal PCNA. Additionally, the oxidative insult was attenuated by troxerutin, as evidenced by lowering NOX-1 and lipid peroxides, replenishing GSH, GPx, and SOD antioxidants, and activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. CONCLUSION Troxerutin attenuated MTX-triggered renal injury via inhibition of inflammation and apoptosis alongside activation of autophagy. Thus, it may serve as an adjunct modality for the management of MTX-linked nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hany H Arab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sarah A Abd El-Aal
- Department of Pharmacy, Kut University College, Al Kut, Wasit 52001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), formerly NODCAR, Giza, Egypt
| | - El-Shaimaa A Arafa
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Ayman M Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Ashour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, P.O. Box 13578, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chemical profiling and antioxidant activity of Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. stem extract, a potential traditional medicinal plant for urinary tract infections. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. (E. ramosissimum) is a widely used traditional medicinal plant to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) by ethnic people throughout the world. The utility of the plant in treating urinary-related disorders was evaluated against selected pathogenic bacteria which has major role in causing UTIs. Hence, the present study executed to extract phytochemicals like total phenolics and flavonoids, chemical profiling by GC–MS analysis and to test their antioxidant activity from stem extracts of E. ramosissimum. The extraction process was directed by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous solvents.
Results
The GC–MS analysis yielded 24 phytoconstituents with linoleic acid, palmitic acid, nonacosane, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, and octacosane as major compounds. Methanolic extract yielded maximum amount of phenolics (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) with 600.02 ± 0.22 mg GAE/g and 631.38 ± 0.69 mg QE/g, respectively. Methanolic extract also exhibited notable free radical scavenging activity with an IC50 of 123.89 ± 0.73, 150.10 ± 1.02, 146.01 ± 0.54, and 63.73 ± 6.12 µg/mL for DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, and O2− assays, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) required to inhibit the growth of tested pathogenic bacteria was observed in aqueous and methanolic extracts with the value being 31.25 µg/mL against R. equi and V. cholerae. As like, methanolic and petroleum ether extracts efficiently inhibited the growth of B. subtilis with the MIC of 31.25 µg/mL.
Conclusion
It was concluded that the notable effect of methanolic and aqueous extracts against the uropathogenic bacteria reported in this study supported the traditional uses of this plant in treating UTIs. The results acquired from this investigation revealed that E. ramosissimum stem extract might be considered as an interesting candidate in the development of antibacterial agent against UTIs coupled with antioxidant properties.
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The vast majority of type 1 diabetes leads to a higher prevalence of reproductive system's impairments. Troxerutin has attracted much attention owing to its favorable properties, including antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. This investigation was proposed to evaluate whether pretreatment with troxerutin could prevent apoptosis-induced testicular disorders in prepubertal diabetic rats. METHODS Fifty prepubertal male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control (C), troxerutin (TX), diabetic (D), diabetic+troxerutin (DTX), and diabetic+insulin (DI). Diabetes was induced by 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin applied intraperitoneally. In TX and DTX groups, 150 mg/kg troxerutin was administered by oral gavage. Diabetic rats in DI group received 2-4 U NPH insulin subcutaneously. Troxerutin and insulin treatments were begun immediately on the day of diabetes confirmation. After 30 days, the testicular lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity, apoptosis process, and stereology as well as serum glucose and insulin levels were assessed. RESULTS The results showed that diabetes caused a significant increase in the blood glucose, the number of TUNEL positive cells and tubules, and the malondialdehyde level as well as a significant decrease in serum insulin level compared to controls. The stereological analysis also revealed various alterations in diabetic rats compared to controls. Troxerutin treatment improved these alterations compared to the diabetic group. CONCLUSION Troxerutin-pretreatment may play an essential role in the management of the type-1 diabetes-induced testicular disorders by decreasing blood glucose and modulating apoptosis.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ahmadi Z, Mohammadinejad R, Roomiani S, Afshar EG, Ashrafizadeh M. Biological and Therapeutic Effects of Troxerutin: Molecular Signaling Pathways Come into View. J Pharmacopuncture 2021; 24:1-13. [PMID: 33833895 PMCID: PMC8010425 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2021.24.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids consist a wide range of naturally occurring compounds which are exclusively found in different fruits and vegetables. These medicinal herbs have a number of favourable biological and therapeutic activities such as antioxidant, neuroprotective, renoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor. Troxerutin, also known as vitamin P4, is a naturally occurring flavonoid which is isolated from tea, coffee and cereal grains as well as vegetables. It has a variety of valuable pharmacological and therapeutic activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor. These pharmacological impacts have been demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo studies. Also, clinical trials have revealed the efficacy of troxerutin for management of phlebocholosis and hemorrhoidal diseases. In the present review, we focus on the therapeutic effects and biological activities of troxerutin as well as its molecular signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ahmadi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad Branch, University of Shushtar, Khuzestan, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahar Roomiani
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad Branch, University of Shushtar, Khuzestan, Iran
| | | | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Conegundes JLM, Silva JMD, Mendes RDF, Fernandes MF, Pinto NDCC, Almeida MAD, Dib PRB, Andrade RDO, Rodrigues MN, Castañon MCMN, Macedo GC, Scio E. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of Siparuna guianensis Aublet, an amazonian plant traditionally used by indigenous communities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113344. [PMID: 32890711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Siparuna guianensis Aublet leaves, known as negramina, are used by indigenous and local communities in Brazil and other countries in the Americas to treat pain and inflammatory diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY To characterize the chemical constituents and to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and locomotor activities of the dichloromethane fraction (DF) of S. guianensis leaves. Also, an acute oral toxicity test was accomplished. MATERIAL AND METHODS The chemical characterization of DF was performed by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analyses coupled with a high-resolution mass spectrometer. The antioxidant potential of DF was investigated using nitric oxide (NO) and hydroxyl radical (OH) scavenging test. The evaluation study of the anti-inflammatory activity was carried out in vitro by NO measurement in stimulated macrophages and, in vivo, by croton oil-induced ear edema, LPS-induced peritonitis, and zymosan-induced arthritis in mice. Different mechanisms of central and peripheral nociception were stimulated by acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin, and tail-flick tests. Besides that, the open field assay was performed. RESULTS UHPLC analyses of DF showed the presence of a mixture of glycosylated and methoxylated flavonoids. DF was able to scavenge NO and OH radicals in vitro and showed anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NO production in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages. Oral administration of DF considerably inhibited the ear edema after croton oil application and reduced the leukocyte infiltrated in LPS-induced peritonitis. In the inflammatory intra-articular zymosan-induced process, DF showed a significant reduction in the inflammatory area and of the cells in the synovial and connective tissues adjacent to the joint. Also, DF was able to reduce the intra-articular edema. In nociception models, the oral administration of DF considerably inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhings. The formalin test showed that DF attenuated the licking time in both phases, which suggested that DF reduce the nociception by central and peripheral mechanisms. In the tail-flick test, DF showed no activity. Besides that, DF did not affect the animal locomotion, and no acute toxicity was observed. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of S. guianensis were reported, supporting its ethnopharmacological uses for some inflammatory diseases and painful conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Leiras Mota Conegundes
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Josiane Mello da Silva
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Renata de Freitas Mendes
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Maria Fernanda Fernandes
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Nícolas de Castro Campos Pinto
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Maycon Alcantara de Almeida
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Paula Ribeiro Braga Dib
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela de Oliveira Andrade
- Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036 900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Nehrer Rodrigues
- Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036 900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Gilson Costa Macedo
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Elita Scio
- Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products, Department of Biochemistry, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wen K, Fang X, Yang J, Yao Y, Nandakumar KS, Salem ML, Cheng K. Recent Research on Flavonoids and their Biomedical Applications. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1042-1066. [PMID: 32660393 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200713184138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, commonly found in various plants, are a class of polyphenolic compounds having a basic structural unit of 2-phenylchromone. Flavonoid compounds have attracted much attention due to their wide biological applications. In order to facilitate further research on the biomedical application of flavonoids, we surveyed the literature published on the use of flavonoids in medicine during the past decade, documented the commonly found structures in natural flavonoids, and summarized their pharmacological activities as well as associated mechanisms of action against a variety of health disorders including chronic inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular complications and hypoglycemia. In this mini-review, we provide suggestions for further research on the biomedical applications of flavonoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kangmei Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaochuan Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Junli Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yongfang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | | | | | - Kui Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Milea ȘA, Aprodu I, Mihalcea L, Enachi E, Bolea CA, Râpeanu G, Bahrim GE, Stănciuc N. Bovine β-lactoglobulin peptides as novel carriers for flavonoids extracted with supercritical fluids from yellow onion skins. J Food Sci 2020; 85:4290-4299. [PMID: 33175407 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Our study describes in detail the binding mechanism between the main flavonoids that were extracted from onion skins by supercritical CO2 and peptides from whey proteins, from the perspective of obtaining multifunctional ingredients, with health-promoting benefits. The supercritical CO2 extract had 202.31 ± 11.56 mg quercetin equivalents/g DW as the major flavonoid and antioxidant activity of 404.93±1.39 mM Trolox/g DW. The experiments on thermolysin-derived peptides fluorescence quenching by flavonoids extract allowed estimating the binding parameters, in terms of binding constants, and the number of binding sites. The thermodynamic analysis indicated that the main forces involved in complex formation were hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions. Molecular docking tests indicated that peptide fluorescence quenching upon gradual addition of onion skin extract might be due to flavonoids binding by Val15 -Ser21 . All 7 to 14 amino acids long peptides appeared to have affinity toward quercetin-3,4'-O-diglucoside and quercetin-4'-O-monoglucoside. The study is important as a potential solution for reuse of valuable resources, underutilized, such as whey peptides and yellow onion skins flavonoids for efficient microencapsulation, as a holistic approach to deliver healthy and nutritious food. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: A growing interest was noticed in the last years in investigating the interactions between proteins and different biologically active compounds, such as to provide knowledge for efficient development of new food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic products. Recent studies suggest that flavonoid-protein complexes may be designed to improve the functional performance of the flavonoids. The results obtained in this study bring certain benefits in terms of exploiting the bioactive potential of both flavonoids and bioactive peptides, for developing of formulas with improved functional properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ștefania Adelina Milea
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, Galati, 800201, Romania
| | - Iuliana Aprodu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, Galati, 800201, Romania
| | - Liliana Mihalcea
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, Galati, 800201, Romania
| | - Elena Enachi
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, Galati, 800201, Romania
| | - Carmen Alina Bolea
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, Galati, 800201, Romania
| | - Gabriela Râpeanu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, Galati, 800201, Romania
| | - Gabriela Elena Bahrim
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, Galati, 800201, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Stănciuc
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, Galati, 800201, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gao Z, Ma X, Liu J, Ge Y, Wang L, Fu P, Liu Z, Yao R, Yan X. Troxerutin protects against DHT-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:106. [PMID: 32921318 PMCID: PMC7489018 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The exact pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common neuroendocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, has not been fully elucidated. Recent studies suggested that chronic inflammation and neurotransmitter disorder involved in the progress of PCOS. Troxerutin, a natural flavonoid, was reported to possess neuroprotective effect in several disease models by inhibiting inflammation or enhancing neurotrophic factor. In this study, we investigated the possible protective effect and mechanism of troxerutin in a dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced rat model of PCOS. The PCOS rat models were treated with troxerutin at a dose of 150 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg for up to 4 weeks. Results showed that 300 mg/kg troxerutin significantly decreased the body weight gain and improved the pathological changes of ovary induced by DHT. Meanwhile, the elevated gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), gonadotrophin and testosterone in the serum of PCOS rats were reduced with the treatment of troxerutin. The expression of kisspeptin and NKB in arcuate nucleus and their receptors kiss1r and NK3r in GnRH positive neurons of median eminence were markedly decreased in troxerutin-treated rats. Of note, the GnRH inhibitory regulator GABA and stimulatory regulator glutamate were also restored to the normal level by troxerutin. The present study indicated that troxerutin may exhibit a protective effect in PCOS rat model via regulating neurotransmitter release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Gao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China.,Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China.,Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, 221000, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Yuhang Ge
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China.,Department of Human Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Ping Fu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Zhian Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China.
| | - Xiaonan Yan
- Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou, 221000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Salimi A, Jamali Z, Atashbar S, Khezri S, Ghorbanpour AM, Etefaghi N. Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implication in Nickel-Induced Cell Damage. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 20:968-984. [DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200214123118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Nickel (Ni) is mostly applied in a number of industrial areas such as printing
inks, welding, alloys, electronics and electrical professions. Occupational or environmental exposure to
nickel may lead to cancer, allergy reaction, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, as well as
cell damage, apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Methods:
In here, we focused on published studies about cell death, carcinogenicity, allergy reactions
and neurotoxicity, and promising agents for the prevention and treatment of the toxicity by Ni.
Results:
Our review showed that in the last few years, more researches have focused on reactive oxygen
species formation, oxidative stress, DNA damages, apoptosis, interaction with involving receptors
in allergy and mitochondrial damages in neuron induced by Ni.
Conclusion:
The collected data in this paper provide useful information about the main toxicities induced
by Ni, also, their fundamental mechanisms, and how to discover new ameliorative agents for
prevention and treatment by reviewing agents with protective and therapeutic consequences on Ni
induced toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Salimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Jamali
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Saman Atashbar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saleh Khezri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Amir M. Ghorbanpour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Nahid Etefaghi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vidhya R, Anuradha CV. Anti-inflammatory effects of troxerutin are mediated through elastase inhibition. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:423-435. [PMID: 32762381 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1806870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory state associated with immune cell infiltration into the adipose tissue (AT). We hypothesize that the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of troxerutin (TX) are mediated through inhibition of elastase. OBJECTIVE To determine the inhibitory effect of TX on elastase in vitro and in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) induced 3T3-L1 adipocytes and the molecular interaction of TX with human neutrophil elastase (HNE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were pretreated with TX, elastatinal (ELAS) or sodium salicylate (SAL) before exposure to TNFα. Lipid accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxidant-antioxidant balance were examined. The mRNA and protein expression of TNFα, interleukin-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, chemerin, and elastase were analyzed. Elastase inhibition by TX and ELAS in a cell free system and docking studies for HNE with TX and ELAS were performed. RESULTS TX, ELAS or SAL pretreatment had lowered lipid droplets formation and TG content. TX suppressed ROS generation, oxidative stress and improved antioxidant status. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and elastase was downregulated while that of adiponectin was upregulated by TX. The concentration required to produce 50% inhibition in vitro (IC50) was 11.5 μM for TX and 16.9 μM for ELAS. TX showed hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with elastase. DISCUSSION TNFα induces inflammation of 3T3-L1 cells through elastase activation. TX inhibits elastase activity, downregulates expression and binds with elastase. CONCLUSION The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of TX in AT could be of relevance in the management of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Vidhya
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Battaglia Parodi M, Brunoro A, Tomasso L, Scuderi G. Benefits of micronutrient supplementation for reducing the risk of wet age-related macular disease and diabetic retinopathy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 30:780-794. [DOI: 10.1177/1120672120920537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular disease and diabetic retinopathy are chronic degenerative diseases characterised by progressive visual impairment. In Europe, age-related macular disease accounts for over 15% of blindness in adults over 50 years of age, and although the burden of diabetic retinopathy in terms of vision impairment is lower, vision loss associated with diabetic retinopathy is increasing with the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus and the ageing of the population. Late-stage age-related macular disease can be subdivided into dry (non-neovascular) or wet (neovascular or exudative) forms. The large Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 showed that supplementation with antioxidant nutrients reduces choroids neovascularisation and reduces the risk of progression of neovascular age-related macular disease. Antioxidant micronutrient supplements have also shown promising results in preventing the pathogenesis of retinopathy in animal models of diabetes. Age-related macular disease and diabetic retinopathy are understood to share some common pathophysiological characteristics, suggesting that micronutrients have an important role in ocular health in both conditions. This article will review the current evidence for the utility of micronutrients in preventing the development and progression of neovascular age-related macular disease and diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gianluca Scuderi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), St. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu J, Tian S, Fu M, He Y, Yu H, Cao X, Cao Y, Xu H. Protective Effects of Anthocyanins from
Coreopsis tinctoria
against Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in MIN6 Cells. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900587. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Liu
- School of Life SciencesLiaoning University Shenyang 110036 P. R. China
| | - Siqi Tian
- School of Life SciencesLiaoning University Shenyang 110036 P. R. China
| | - Mingyang Fu
- School of Life SciencesLiaoning University Shenyang 110036 P. R. China
| | - Yin He
- School of Life SciencesLiaoning University Shenyang 110036 P. R. China
| | - Hui Yu
- Shenyang He Eye Hospital INC Shenyang 110034 P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Cao
- School of Life SciencesLiaoning University Shenyang 110036 P. R. China
| | - Yiyang Cao
- School of Life SciencesLiaoning University Shenyang 110036 P. R. China
| | - Hanyuan Xu
- School of Life SciencesLiaoning University Shenyang 110036 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kaeidi A, Taghipour Z, Allahtavakoli M, Fatemi I, Hakimizadeh E, Hassanshahi J. Ameliorating effect of troxerutin in unilateral ureteral obstruction induced renal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in male rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:879-888. [PMID: 31900517 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) induces renal injury and troxerutin attenuates the inflammatory parameters and decreases oxidative stress. Accordingly, this study explored the renoprotective effect of troxerutin in UUO-induced renal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in male Wistar rats. Animals were randomly separated into five groups (n = 8): control, UUO, and three UUO groups treated with troxerutin (1, 10, and 100 mg/kg). UUO-induced and vehicle/troxerutin administration was continued for 3 days. Then serum creatinine, mean arterial pressure (MAP), renal perfusion pressure (RPP), renal vascular resistance (RVR), and renal blood flow (RBF) were measured. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase activities, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as some oxidative stress parameters were measured in the left kidney. The immunoblotting method was applied to evaluate the cleaved caspase-3 Bax, Bcl-2, and TNF-α proteins level. The hematoxylin and eosin method was used to assess the kidney tissue damage score (KTDS). In 3 days, UUO significantly increased serum creatinine level, KTDS, RVR, MDA, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, and TNF-α protein levels (p < 0.05); and decreased RBF, TAC, SOD, catalase, GPx activity levels and Bcl-2 protein expression level in the left kidney (p < 0.05). Troxerutin (100 mg/kg) significantly attenuates the indicators alteration induced by UUO. Our findings represented that the renoprotective effect of troxerutin may be related to its anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and RBF improver properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayat Kaeidi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Khalije Fars Blvd., Pistachio Co. Street, 77175-835, Rafsanjan, 7719617996, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Taghipour
- Department of Anatomy, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Allahtavakoli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Hakimizadeh
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Khalije Fars Blvd., Pistachio Co. Street, 77175-835, Rafsanjan, 7719617996, Iran
| | - Jalal Hassanshahi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Khalije Fars Blvd., Pistachio Co. Street, 77175-835, Rafsanjan, 7719617996, Iran. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chu Q, Yu X, Jia R, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Liu Y, Li Y, Chen W, Ye X, Zheng X. Flavonoids from Apios americana Medikus Leaves Protect RAW264.7 Cells against Inflammation via Inhibition of MAPKs, Akt-mTOR Pathways, and Nfr2 Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1563024. [PMID: 31915502 PMCID: PMC6930734 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1563024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apios americana Medikus was once widely accepted as staple food in India for a long time, and the tuber of which possesses high nutrients. During the past decades, most of the research has focused on the biological activity in the tubers of Apios americana Medikus whereas the leaves were ignored. In this study, the Apios americana Medikus leaf extract (ALE) was obtained and seven compounds were identified. LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells were used to study the anti-inflammation activity of ALE. As expected, ALE reduced the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines via inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling together with activation of Nrf2-Keap1 and FOXO pathways, as well as alleviating the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, ALE could activate HMGB1-Beclin1 and Sirt1-FoxO1 pathways and inhibit the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway to activate autophagy, protecting RAW264.7 cells from inflammation. In summary, our results suggested that ALE might help activate the anti-inflammation system, resulting in the prevention of LPS-induced damage in RAW264.7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruoyi Jia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yonglu Li
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kumar G, Gupta R, Sharan S, Roy P, Pandey DM. Anticancer activity of plant leaves extract collected from a tribal region of India. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:399. [PMID: 31656737 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this research was to explore the preliminary anticancer properties of five plants namely Calotropis procera, Moringa oleifera, Millettia pinnata, Basela alba and Euphorbia neriifolia available in Jharkhand which is used for the medicinal purpose by local tribes. In the present study, plant leaves from five species were collected, dried and extracted with solvents of increasing polarity, followed by assessment of their cytotoxicity in A549 non-small-cell lung cancer cells. In the antimicrobial assay, the methanol extract of the M. pinnata leaves exhibited comparatively higher zone of inhibition of 0.7 ± 0.20 cm against a Salmonella typhi culture than the other extracts. M. pinnata leaves extract also displayed the maximum percentage inhibition in the DPPH, 83.97 ± 0.01 FRAP, 193.14 ± 3.01 mM assays. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the chloroform (37.45 ± 1.04) and ethyl acetate extracts (34.20 ± 0.81) of M. pinnata against A549 cells was found relatively higher with respect to another extract. In contrast, a study with the L132 normal epithelial lung cell line revealed less toxicity from the chloroform extract (0.33 ± 0.19) compared to the ethyl acetate extract (6.65 ± 0.59). Based on these findings, phytochemical investigation on chloroform and ethyl acetate extract of M. pinnata was performed using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis revealing the presence of β-sitosterol, lanceolatin B, karanjin, and stigmasterol. Congruently, a complete phytochemical and cytotoxic investigation of the M. pinnata extract constituents might infer the potency of this extract/s as anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Kumar
- 1Department of Bio-Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi India
| | - Rashmi Gupta
- 1Department of Bio-Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi India
| | - Shruti Sharan
- 2Department of Bio-Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
| | - Partha Roy
- 2Department of Bio-Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
| | - Dev Mani Pandey
- 1Department of Bio-Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Improved in vitro antioxidant properties and hepatoprotective effects of a fermented Inula britannica extract on ethanol-damaged HepG2 cells. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:6053-6063. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
27
|
Malinska H, Hüttl M, Oliyarnyk O, Markova I, Poruba M, Racova Z, Kazdova L, Vecera R. Beneficial effects of troxerutin on metabolic disorders in non-obese model of metabolic syndrome. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220377. [PMID: 31404079 PMCID: PMC6690532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Troxerutin (TRX) has a beneficial effect on blood viscosity and platelet aggregation, and is currently used for the treatment of chronic varicosity. Recently, TRX can improve lipid abnormalities, glucose intolerance and oxidative stress in high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders. In this study, we tested the effect of TRX on metabolic syndrome-associated disorders using a non-obese model of metabolic syndrome–the Hereditary Hypertriglyceridaemic rats (HHTg). Methods Adult male HHTg rats were fed standard diet without or with TRX (150 mg/kg bwt/day for 4 weeks). Results Compared to untreated rats, TRX supplementation in HHTg rats decreased serum glucose (p<0.05) and insulin (p<0.05). Although blood lipids were not affected, TRX decreased hepatic cholesterol concentrations (p<0.01) and reduced gene expression of HMGCR, SREBP2 and SCD1 (p<0.01), involved in cholesterol synthesis and lipid homeostasis. TRX-treated rats exhibited decreased lipoperoxidation and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GPx (p<0.05) in the liver. In addition, TRX supplementation increased insulin sensitivity in muscles and epididymal adipose tissue (p<0.05). Elevated serum adiponectin (p<0.05) and decreased muscle triglyceride (p<0.05) helped improve insulin sensitivity. Among the beneficial effects of TRX were changes to cytochrome P450 family enzymes. Hepatic gene expression of CYP4A1, CYP4A3 and CYP5A1 (p<0.01) decreased, while there was a marked elevation in gene expression of CYP1A1 (p<0.01). Conclusion Our results indicate that TRX improves hepatic lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. As well as ameliorating oxidative stress, TRX can reduce ectopic lipid deposition, affect genes involved in lipid metabolism, and influence the activity of CYP family enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Malinska
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Martina Hüttl
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olena Oliyarnyk
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Markova
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Poruba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Racova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Kazdova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rostislav Vecera
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang Y, Zheng W, Xiao K, Wu L, Zeng J, Zhou S. Transcriptome analysis reveals the different compatibility between LAAA × AA and LAAA × LL in Lilium. BREEDING SCIENCE 2019; 69:297-307. [PMID: 31481839 PMCID: PMC6711731 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.18147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To unveil the mechanism of the compatibility of odd-allotetraploid lily (LAAA) as female with diploid male lily, the differences of expressed unigenes in the ovaries and leaves between LAAA × AA and LAAA × LL were investigated using transcriptome analysis. The results showed the fruits of LAAA × AA well developed, while those of LAAA × LL aborted. The number of differentially expressed genes was less in the ovaries of LAAA × AA than those of LAAA × LL, but it showed opposite trend in those of leaves. The unigenes related with auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, antioxidants, expansins, chlorophylls, carbohydrates, transport proteins were usually up-expressed in the ovaries and leaves of LAAA × AA but not in LAAA × LL; while those of abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid were increased in the ovaries or leaves of LAAA × LL but not in LAAA × AA. The up-expressed unigenes in the ovaries and leaves of LAAA × AA played positive roles in its fruit development because the products of the genes, like phytohormones and antioxidants, had functions protecting leaves from senescence or scavenging ROS, and thus LAAA was compatible with AA, while those of LAAA × LL played negative roles and caused its fruits aborted, and hence LAAA was incompatible with LL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youxin Yang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University,
Nanchang 330045,
China
| | - Wei Zheng
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University,
Nanchang 330045,
China
| | - Kongzhong Xiao
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University,
Nanchang 330045,
China
| | - Like Wu
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University,
Nanchang 330045,
China
| | - Jie Zeng
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University,
Nanchang 330045,
China
| | - Shujun Zhou
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University,
Nanchang 330045,
China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mehri K, Banan Khojasteh SM, Seyed Mahdi BK, Fereshteh F, Zavvari Oskuye Z, Ebrahimi H, Diba R, Bayandor P, Hosseindoost M, Babri S. Effect of troxerutin on apelin-13, apelin receptors (APJ), and ovarian histological changes in the offspring of high-fat diet fed rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:637-642. [PMID: 31231491 PMCID: PMC6570758 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.34158.8123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maternal high-fat diet (HFD) consumption has been linked to metabolic disorders and reproductive dysfunctions in offspring. Troxerutin (TRO) has anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study examined the effects of TRO on apelin-13, its receptors mRNA and ovarian histological changes in the offspring of HFD fed rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into control diet (CD) or HFD groups and received these diets for eight weeks. After mating, dams were assigned into four subgroups: CD, CD + TRO, HFD, and HFD + TRO, and received their respective diets until the end of lactation. Troxerutin (150 mg/kg/day) was gavaged in the CD + TRO and HFD + TRO groups during pregnancy. On the postnatal day (PND) 21 all female offspring were separated and fed CD until PND 90. On PND 90 animals were sacrificed and ovarian tissue samples were collected for further evaluation. RESULTS Results showed that HFD significantly decreased serum apelin-13 in the female offspring of the HFD dams, which was significantly reversed by TRO. Moreover, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed that TRO treatment significantly decreased the ovarian mRNA expression of the apelin-13 receptor in the troxerutin-received offspring. Furthermore, histological examination revealed that TRO increased the number of atretic follicles in the ovaries of HFD+TRO offspring. CONCLUSION Maternal high fat feeding compromises ovarian health including follicular growth and development in the adult offspring and troxerutin treatment improved negative effects of maternal HFD on the apelin-13 level and ovarian development of offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Mehri
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Fereshteh Fereshteh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Ebrahimi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roghaye Diba
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Bayandor
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hosseindoost
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Babri
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ma W, Wang S, Liu X, Tang F, Zhao P, Cheng K, Zheng Q, Zhuo Y, Zhao X, Li X, Feng W. Protective effect of troxerutin and cerebroprotein hydrolysate injection on cerebral ischemia through inhibition of oxidative stress and promotion of angiogenesis in rats. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3148-3158. [PMID: 30816516 PMCID: PMC6423560 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain ischemia, including cerebral ischemia and cerebrovascular ischemia, leads to poor oxygen supply or cerebral hypoxia, and causes brain tissue death or cerebral infarction/ischemic stroke. The troxerutin and cerebroprotein hydrolysate injection (TCHI), is widely applied in China to improve blood supply in ischemic brain tissues and to enhance neuroprotective effects in clinical practice. However, the benefits and detailed underlying mechanism elaborating the effectiveness of TCHI in cerebrovascular diseases require further investigation. Therefore, in the present study, experimental in vivo and in vitro models were employed to investigate the potential mechanisms of TCHI on cerebral ischemic injury. The results demonstrated that TCHI increased the lactate dehydrogenase levels in the brain homogenate and conversely decreased lactic acid levels. TCHI was further observed to significantly increase superoxide dismutase activity and decrease malondialdehyde levels in ischemic brain tissues. In addition, TCHI significantly induced vascular maturation processes, including proliferation, adhesion, migration and tube formation in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Additionally, TCHI significantly stimulated microvessel formation in the rat aortic ring and chick chorioallantoic membrane assays. Taken together, these results provided strong evidence that TCHI stimulated angiogenesis at multiple steps, and indicated that TCHI attenuated cerebral ischemic damage through the amelioration of oxidative stress and promotion of angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education/College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, P.R. China
| | - Xuanlin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Fengru Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Peipei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qiaowei Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yingchen Zhuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xueqian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Weiyi Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zavvari Oskuye Z, Mirzaei Bavil F, Hamidian GR, Mehri K, Qadiri A, Ahmadi M, Oghbaei H, Vatankhah AM, Keyhanmanesh R. Troxerutin affects the male fertility in prepubertal type 1 diabetic male rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:197-205. [PMID: 30834086 PMCID: PMC6396992 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2018.32678.7814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetes can gradually cause damage to the function and structure of male gonads. This survey was conducted to investigate the effect of troxerutin on hormonal changes, serum oxidative stress indices, and testicular function and structure in prepubertal diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty prepubertal (6 weeks old) male Wistar rats were divided into five groups including Control, Troxerutin, Diabetic, Diabetic+Troxerutin, and Diabetic+Insulin. Type I diabetes was induced by 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin intraperitoneally. The groups were treated with 150 mg/kg/day troxerutin via oral gavage or 4-6 IU/day insulin via subcutaneous injection for 4 consecutive weeks. Blood sugar (BS) and serum levels of insulin, FSH, LH, testosterone, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were analyzed. Testis and epididymis were removed for histopathologic study and analysis of sperm parameters. RESULTS Troxerutin significantly reduced the BS in the diabetic group similar to insulin but could not affect insulin, FSH, or LH significantly. Troxerutin caused a significant increase in testosterone and GPX but had no significant effect on serum MDA, TAC, and SOD levels. In addition, troxerutin had a better effect than insulin on diabetes-induced testicular structural damage. Sperm analysis results also revealed that troxerutin and insulin could improve sperm number, motility, and viability in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION According to these results, it can be derived that administration of troxerutin is a suitable protective strategy for side effects of diabetes in testis of prepubertal diabetic male rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Zavvari Oskuye
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Mirzaei Bavil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Hamidian
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Keyvan Mehri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Qadiri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajar Oghbaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Rana Keyhanmanesh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rengasamy KR, Khan H, Gowrishankar S, Lagoa RJ, Mahomoodally FM, Khan Z, Suroowan S, Tewari D, Zengin G, Hassan ST, Pandian SK. The role of flavonoids in autoimmune diseases: Therapeutic updates. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 194:107-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
33
|
Al-Rawaf HA, Gabr SA, Alghadir AH. Circulating Hypoxia Responsive microRNAs (HRMs) and Wound Healing Potentials of Green Tea in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Rat Models. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:9019253. [PMID: 30713578 PMCID: PMC6332961 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9019253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) has many biological activities and may promote diabetic wound healing by regulation of circulating hypoxia responsive microRNAs (HRMs) which triggers the wound repairing process in diabetic and nondiabetic wounds. Thus, in this study, the potential effects of green tea extract (GTE) on the expression of miRNAs; miR-424, miR-199a, miR-210, miR-21, and fibrogenitic markers; hydroxyproline (HPX), fibronectin (FN), and nitric oxide (NO) were evaluated in wounds of diabetic and nondiabetic rats. The animals were topically treated with vaseline, 0.6% GTE, and 5%w/w povidone iodine (standard control). HPX, FN, and NO levels and microRNAs, miR-424, miR-210, miR-199a, and miR-21, were estimated in wound tissues using colorimetric, immunoassay, and molecular PCR analysis. In vitro analysis was performed to estimate active constituents and their antioxidant activities in methanolic green teat extract (GTE). Wounds treated with green tea, a dose of 0.6, healed significantly earlier than those treated with standard vehicle and vaseline treated diabetic wounds. Higher expressions of HRMs, miR-199a, and miR-21, and lower expression of HRMs, miR-424 and miR-210, were significantly reported in tissues following treatment with green tea extract compared to standard control vehicle. The tissues also contained more collagen expressed as measures of HPX, FN, and NO and more angiogenesis, compared to wounds treated with standard control vehicle. Diabetic and nondiabetic wounds treated with green tea (0.6%) for three weeks had lesser scar width and greater re-epithelialization in shorter periods when compared to standard control vehicle. Expression of HRMs, miR-199a, miR-21, and HRMs and miR-424 and miR-210 correlated positively with HPX, fibronectin, NO, better scar formation, and tensile strength and negatively with diabetes. In addition to antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of green tea components, GTE showed angiogenesis promoting activity in diabetic wound healing. In conclusion, Camellia sinensis extracts in a dose of 0.6% significantly promote more collagen and fibronectin deposition with higher expression of NO, promoting angiogenesis process via molecular controlling of circulating hypoxia responsive microRNAs: miR-424, miR-210, miR-199a, and miR-21 in diabetic and nondiabetic wounds. Our results support a functional role of circulating hypoxia responsive microRNAs: miR-424, miR-210, miR-199a, and miR-21 as potential therapeutic targets in angiogenesis and vascular remodeling in diabetic wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel A. Al-Rawaf
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami A. Gabr
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H. Alghadir
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Biochemical and functional characterization of OsCSD3, a novel CuZn superoxide dismutase from rice. Biochem J 2018; 475:3105-3121. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs, EC 1.15.1.1) belong to an important group of antioxidant metalloenzymes. Multiple SODs exist for scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in different cellular compartments to maintain an intricate ROS balance. The present study deals with molecular and biochemical characterization of CuZn SOD encoded by LOC_Os03g11960 (referred to as OsCSD3), which is the least studied among the four rice isozymes. The OsCSD3 showed higher similarity to peroxisomal SODs in plants. The OsCSD3 transcript was up-regulated in response to salinity, drought, and oxidative stress. Full-length cDNA encoding OsCSD3 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and analyzed for spectral characteristics. UV (ultraviolet)–visible spectroscopic analysis showed evidences of d–d transitions, while circular dichroism analysis indicated high β-sheet content in the protein. The OsCSD3 existed as homodimer (∼36 kDa) with both Cu2+ and Zn2+ metal cofactors and was substantially active over a wide pH range (7.0–10.8), with optimum pH of 9.0. The enzyme was sensitive to diethyldithiocarbamate but insensitive to sodium azide, which are the characteristics features of CuZn SODs. The enzyme also exhibited bicarbonate-dependent peroxidase activity. Unlike several other known CuZn SODs, OsCSD3 showed higher tolerance to hydrogen peroxide and thermal inactivation. Heterologous overexpression of OsCSD3 enhanced tolerance of E. coli sod double-knockout (ΔsodA ΔsodB) mutant and wild-type strain against methyl viologen-induced oxidative stress, indicating the in vivo function of this enzyme. The results show that the locus LOC_Os03g11960 of rice encodes a functional CuZn SOD with biochemical characteristics similar to the peroxisomal isozymes.
Collapse
|
35
|
LC-ESI-MS based characterisation of isoflavones in soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.) from India. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:5045-5054. [PMID: 30483000 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A total of twenty-one soybean varieties were screened for their morphological characteristics followed by isoflavone content analysis by HPLC. The total isoflavone (TI) content was found within a wide range of 140.9-1048.6 μg/g of soy in different varieties. The highest isoflavone content was found in MAUS-2 followed by DS_2613 and lowest in Karunae (140.9 μg/g of soy). Various isoflavone forms were identified by LC-ESI+ MS. Significant differences in the isoflavone content were observed for all the aglycones and their glucoside conjugates as well as total daidzein, total genistein, total glycitein, and TI. A positive correlation between TI content and growth stages was found during the progression of seed development. An increase of 5.4-fold and 5.3-fold of TI concentration was observed for JS 335 and MAUS-2 respectively, from early to green mature (R5-R8) stage of bean development.
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang X, Xu W, Huang K, Zhang B, Wang H, Zhang X, Gong L, Luo Y, He X. Precision toxicology shows that troxerutin alleviates ochratoxin A-induced renal lipotoxicity. FASEB J 2018; 33:2212-2227. [PMID: 30247986 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800742r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipotoxicity is the most common cause of severe kidney disease, with few treatment options available today. Precision toxicology can improve detection of subtle intracellular changes in response to exogenous substrates; thus, it facilitates in-depth research on bioactive molecules that may interfere with the onset of certain diseases. In the current study, troxerutin significantly relieved nephrotoxicity, increased endurance, and improved systemic energy metabolism and renal inflammation in OTA-induced nephrotic mice. Lipidomics showed that troxerutin effectively reduced the levels of triglycerides, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines in nephropathy. The mechanism was partly attributable to troxerutin in alleviating the aberrantly up-regulated expression of sphingomyelinase, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, and chloride channel 2. Renal tubular epithelial cells, the main site of toxin-induced accumulation of lipids in the kidney, were subjected to transcriptomic profiling, which uncovered several metabolic factors relevant to aberrant lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Our work provides new insights into the molecular features of toxin-induced lipotoxicity in renal tubular epithelial cells in vivo and demonstrates the function of troxerutin in alleviating OTA-induced nephrosis and associated systemic energy metabolism disorders.-Yang, X., Xu, W., Huang, K., Zhang, B., Wang, H., Zhang, X., Gong, L., Luo, Y., He, X. Precision toxicology shows that troxerutin alleviates ochratoxin A-induced renal lipotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, China
| | - Boyang Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haomiao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijing Gong
- China Academy of Sport and Health Sciences, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunbo Luo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism-Food Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism-Food Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xin X, Zhang M, Li X, Lai F, Zhao G. Biocatalytic synthesis of acylated derivatives of troxerutin: their bioavailability and antioxidant properties in vitro. Microb Cell Fact 2018; 17:130. [PMID: 30134913 PMCID: PMC6106897 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-018-0976-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Flavonoid glycosides have many beneficial effects on health, but these bioactivities tend to decrease after oral administration owing to their poor lipophilicity. In this study, a facile whole-cell-based method was developed for selective preparation of monoester or diester of troxerutin, a flavonoid derivative. In addition, the bioavailabilities and antioxidant properties of troxerutin and its acylated derivatives were also investigated in cells. Results Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas stutzeri cells showed high catalytic efficiency (substrate conversion > 90%) and different preferences for troxerutin, resulting in the production of its monoester (TME) and diester (TDE), respectively. The logP values of troxerutin, TME, and TDE were − 2.04 ± 0.10, − 0.75 ± 0.08, and 1.51 ± 0.05 and their Papp values were 0.34 × 10−6 ± 0.05, 0.99 × 10−6 ± 0.12, and 1.54 × 10−6 ± 0.17 cm/s, respectively. The results of hydroxyl radical, ABTS, and ORAC assays indicated that the antiradical activities of acylated derivatives did not exceed that of troxerutin, but showed higher inhibition effects upon 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced erythrocyte hemolysis than that of troxerutin (P < 0.05). Conclusion A facile and efficient whole-cell biocatalysis method was developed to synthesize troxerutin-acylated derivatives, markedly enhancing the bioavailability and antioxidant activities of troxerutin in cells. Additionally, the mechanism underlying the observed difference in the antioxidant activities of troxerutin and its esters was ascribed to both their free radical scavenging abilities and distribution on the cell membrane surface.![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-0976-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
| | - Furao Lai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanglei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
A novel anti-osteoporotic agent that protects against postmenopausal bone loss by regulating bone formation and bone resorption. Life Sci 2018; 209:409-419. [PMID: 30096387 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a bone metabolism disease that is caused by an imbalance between bone-resorbing osteoclast and bone-forming osteoblast actions. Herein, we describe the role of troxerutin (TRX), a trihydroxyethylated derivative of rutin, in ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis and its effects on the regulation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. MAIN METHODS In vivo, OVX female mice were intraperitoneally injected with either saline, 50 mg/kg TRX, or 150 mg/kg TRX for 6 weeks and then sacrificed for micro-computed tomography analyses, histological analyses, and biomechanical testing. In vitro, RAW264.7 cell-derived osteoclasts and MC3T3-E1 cell-derived osteoblasts were treated with different concentrations of TRX to examine the effect of TRX on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, as well as on osteogenesis and mineralization. KEY FINDINGS In this study, we demonstrated that TRX prevented cortical and trabecular bone loss in ovariectomized mice by reducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting osteogenesis in vivo. In vitro, TRX inhibited the formation and activity of RAW264.7-derived osteoclasts and the expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 and cathepsin K. Meanwhile, TRX improved the osteogenesis and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 by enhancing the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2, Osterix, and collagen type 1 alpha 1. SIGNIFICANCE Our data demonstrated that TRX could prevent OVX-induced osteoporosis and be used in a novel treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
|
39
|
Xia X, Xiang X, Huang F, Zheng M, Cong R, Han L, Zhang Z. Dietary polyphenol canolol from rapeseed oil attenuates oxidative stress-induced cell damage through the modulation of the p38 signaling pathway. RSC Adv 2018; 8:24338-24345. [PMID: 35539212 PMCID: PMC9082107 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04130j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Canolol (CAO) is a main phenolic compound with remarkable antioxidative properties that is generated in rapeseed oil during microwave pressing. The objective of this study was to identify the protective effect of CAO in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-triggered oxidative stress and reveal the role of the p38 MAPK pathway during the protective process. CAO treatment showed an observable cytoprotective effect. Results showed that CAO significantly improved H2O2-stimulated cell death, and diminished ROS production and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Moreover, CAO increased glutathione (GSH) content and promoted the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). As a result, apoptosis was ameliorated and depletion of the mitochondrial membrane potential was restored. Western blotting analysis demonstrated CAO downregulated the expression of caspase-3 and decreased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Notably, the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was inhibited by CAO in H2O2-induced apoptosis, which was confirmed by its inhibitor (SB203580). Taken together, our study demonstrated the pivotal role of the p38 MAPK pathway in the cytoprotective effect of CAO on oxidative stress-induced cell damage, suggesting CAO is a promising antioxidant in food and health-related fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Xia
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Hubei, Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture Wuhan 430062 China +86-27-86711526
| | - Xia Xiang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Hubei, Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture Wuhan 430062 China +86-27-86711526
| | - Fenghong Huang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Hubei, Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture Wuhan 430062 China +86-27-86711526
| | - Mingming Zheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Hubei, Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture Wuhan 430062 China +86-27-86711526
| | | | - Ling Han
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Hubei, Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture Wuhan 430062 China +86-27-86711526
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Hubei, Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture Wuhan 430062 China +86-27-86711526
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Salama SA, Arab HH, Maghrabi IA. Troxerutin down-regulates KIM-1, modulates p38 MAPK signaling, and enhances renal regenerative capacity in a rat model of gentamycin-induced acute kidney injury. Food Funct 2018; 9:6632-6642. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01086b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Troxerutin enhances renal tissue regeneration, improves renal function, and decreases renal tissue injury in gentamycin-treated rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir A. Salama
- Division of Biochemistry
- Department of Pharmacology and GTMR Unit
- College of Clinical Pharmacy
- Taif University
- Taif 21974
| | - Hany H. Arab
- Division of Biochemistry
- Department of Pharmacology and GTMR Unit
- College of Clinical Pharmacy
- Taif University
- Taif 21974
| | - Ibrahim A. Maghrabi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy
- College of Clinical Pharmacy
- Taif University
- Taif 21974
- Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bianchi M, Canavesi R, Aprile S, Grosa G, Del Grosso E. Troxerutin, a mixture of O-hydroxyethyl derivatives of the natural flavonoid rutin: Chemical stability and analytical aspects. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 150:248-257. [PMID: 29258044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Troxerutin (TRX) is a mixture of semisynthetic hydroxyethylrutosides (Hers) arising from hydroxyethylation of rutin, a natural occurring flavonoid. TRX is commonly used for its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in chronic venous insufficiency and other vascular disorders. In recent studies, the protective effects of TRX in Alzheimer's disease, colon carcinogenesis and hepatocellular carcinoma are emerged. However, the chemical stability of TRX has never been studied. Hence, the aims of the work were to study the TRX chemical stability through a forced degradation study and to develop and validate a new stability indicating LC-UV method for determination of TRX. In order to perform the study, TRX stability was tested in various stress conditions analysing the degradation samples by LC-MS. Three degradation products (DPs; D1, D2 and D3, 3',4',7-Tri-O-(β-hydroxyethyl)quercetin, 3',4',5,7-Tetra-O-(β-hydroxyethyl)quercetin and 3',4'-Di-O-(β-hydroxyethyl)quercetin respectively) arising from degradation in acidic conditions were identified and synthesized: among them, D1 resulted the stability indicator for hydrolytic degradation. Furthermore, a stability-indicating LC-UV method for simultaneous determination of triHer (3',4',7-Tri-O-(β-hydroxyethyl)rutin, the principal component of the mixture) and D1 was developed and validated. The LC-UV method consisted in a gradient elution on a Phenomenex Kinetex EVO C18 (150 × 3 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile and ammonium bicarbonate buffer (10 mM, pH 9.2). The method was linear for triHer (20-60 μg mL-1) and D1 (5.1-35 μg mL-1). The intraday and interday precision were determined and expressed as RSDs: all the values were ≤ 2% for both triHer and D1. The method demonstrated also to be accurate and robust and the average recoveries were 98.8 and 97.9% for triHer and D1, respectively. Moreover, the method resulted selective and specific for all of the components present in the degradation pattern of TRX (diHer (3',4'-Di-O-(β-hydroxyethyl)rutin), triHer, tetraHer (3',4',5,7-Tetra-O-(β-hydroxyethyl)rutin), D3, D1 and D2) and it was successfully applied for the stability studies of both drug substances and drug products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Bianchi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Rossana Canavesi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Silvio Aprile
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Grosa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Erika Del Grosso
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chen Y, Zeng L, Yang J, Wang Y, Yao F, Wu Y, Wang D, Hu Y, Liu J. Anti-DHAV-1 reproduction and immuno-regulatory effects of a flavonoid prescription on duck virus hepatitis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1545-1552. [PMID: 28385083 PMCID: PMC6130687 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1309554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The flavonoid prescription baicalin-linarin-icariin-notoginsenoside R1 (BLIN) has a curative effect on duck virus hepatitis (DVH) caused by duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1). However, the mechanism of this curative effect is not understood. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the mechanism of the curative effect of BLIN on DVH caused by DHAV-1. We analyzed the anti-DHAV-1 reproduction mechanism and immuno-regulatory effect of BLIN. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-DHAV-1 reproduction effects of BLIN at 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 μg/mL in vitro, as well as the influence of BLIN at 20 μg/mL on DHAV-1 adsorption, replication and release were tested using the qRT-PCR method. The promotion abilities of BLIN at 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 μg/mL on T- and B-lymphocyte proliferation were investigated by the MTT method. IL-2 and IFN-γ levels and total anti-DHAV-1 antibody secretion after treatment with DHAV-1 for 4, 8 and 54 h were determined by ELISA. RESULTS BLIN showed a dose-dependent DHAV-1 reproduction inhibitory effect. The inhibitory effect was highest at 20 μg/mL, where DHAV-1 adsorption and release were significantly lower. Meanwhile, BLIN at 5 μg/mL significantly increased T and B lymphocyte proliferation. BLIN stimulated total anti-DHAV-1 antibody secretion in ducklings at the dosage of 4 mg per duckling, but did not stimulate IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion significantly. CONCLUSIONS BLIN inhibits DHAV-1 reproduction by suppressing its adsorption and release. Additionally, BLIN promoted the duckling antiviral response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Fangke Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P R China
- CONTACT Jiaguo Liu Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, P R China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang Y, Wei S, Chen L, Pei J, Wu H, Pei Y, Chen Y, Wang D. Transcriptomic analysis of gene expression in mice treated with troxerutin. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188261. [PMID: 29190643 PMCID: PMC5708793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Troxerutin, a semi-synthetic derivative of the natural bioflavanoid rutin, has been reported to possess many beneficial effects in human bodies, such as vasoprotection, immune support, anti-inflammation and anti-aging. However, the effects of troxerutin on genome-wide transcription in blood cells are still unknown. In order to find out effects of troxerutin on gene transcription, a high-throughput RNA sequencing was employed to analysis differential gene expression in blood cells consisting of leucocytes, erythrocytes and platelets isolated from the mice received subcutaneous injection of troxerutin. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the expression of only fifteen genes was significantly changed by the treatment with troxerutin, among which 5 genes were up-regulated and 10 genes were down-regulated. Bioinformatic analysis of the fifteen differentially expressed genes was made by utilizing the Gene Ontology (GO), and the differential expression induced by troxerutin was further evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR (Q-PCR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuerong Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wei
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Lintao Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jinli Pei
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yechun Pei
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Department of Animal Science, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yibo Chen
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratories of Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jiang N, Liu C, Li D, Zhang Z, Liu C, Wang D, Niu L, Zhang M. Evaluation of freeze drying combined with microwave vacuum drying for functional okra snacks: Antioxidant properties, sensory quality, and energy consumption. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
45
|
Green tea activity and iron overload induced molecular fibrogenesis of rat liver. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 26:531-540. [PMID: 30899168 PMCID: PMC6408694 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron overload toxicity was shown to associate with chronic liver diseases which lead to hepatic fibrosis and subsequently the progression to cancer through oxidative stress and apoptotic pathways. Green tea potential activity as chelating, anti-oxidative, or anti-apoptotic mechanisms against metal toxicity was poorly clarified. Here, we are trying to evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties of green tea in the regulation of serum hepcidin levels, reduction in iron overloads, and improve of liver fibrosis in iron overloaded experimental rats. Three groups of male adult rats were randomly classified into three groups and treated as follows: control rats, iron treated rats for two months in drinking water followed by either vehicle or green tea extract (AGTE; 100 mg/kg) treatment for 2 more months. Thereafter, we studied the effects of AGTE on iron overload-induced lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidant depletion, liver cell injury and apoptosis. Treatment of iron-overloaded rats with AGTE resulted in marked decreases in iron accumulation within liver, depletion in serum ferritin, and hepcidin levels. Iron-overloaded rats had significant increase in malonyldialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide (NO) in liver when compared to control group. Also, significant change in cytochrome c and DNA content as apoptotic markers were reported in iron treated rats. The effects of iron overload on lipid peroxidation, NO levels, cytochrome c and DNA content were significantly reduced by the intervention treatment with AGTE (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the endogenous anti-oxidant capacities/levels (TAC) in liver were also significantly decreased in chronic iron overload and administration of AGTE restored the decrease in the hepatic antioxidant activities/levels. Also, hepatic hepcidin was shown to be significantly correlated with oxidative and apoptotic relating biomarkers as well as an improvement in liver fibrosis of iron treated rats following AGTE treatment. In-vitro analysis showed that, the improvement in iron toxicity of the liver depend mainly on antioxidant and protective ability of green tea polyphenolic compounds especiallyepigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Our study showed that green tea extract (GTE) ameliorates iron overload induced hepatotoxicity, apoptosis and oxidative stress in rat liver via inhibition of hepatic iron accumulation; improve of liver antioxidant capacity, and down regulation of serum hepcidin as well as reduction in the release of apoptotic relating proteins.
Collapse
|
46
|
Farajdokht F, Amani M, Mirzaei Bavil F, Alihemmati A, Mohaddes G, Babri S. Troxerutin protects hippocampal neurons against amyloid beta-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:1081-1089. [PMID: 29285004 PMCID: PMC5735350 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease linked with increased production and/or deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the brain. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of troxerutin on an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer model was induced by a single dose intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of Aβ 1-42 (5 nmol/5 µl). Thereafter, troxerutin (300 mg/kg) was gavaged for 14 days. The hippocampal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. In addition, the number of apoptotic cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) was assessed by TUNEL kit. The results showed that ICV microinjection of Aβ 1-42 increased MDA levels, reduced SOD and GPx, and increased AChE activities in the hippocampus. Chronic administration of troxerutin significantly attenuated MDA levels and AChE activity and increased SOD and GPx activities in the hippocampus. Moreover, the number of apoptotic cells was decreased by troxerutin treatment. Taken together, our study demonstrated that troxerutin could increase the resistance of hippocampal neurons against apoptosis, at least in part, by diminishing the activity of AChE and oxidative stress. Therefore, troxerutin may have beneficial effects in the management of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amani
- Drug Applied Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Mirzaei Bavil
- Drug Applied Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Alihemmati
- Drug Applied Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gisou Mohaddes
- Drug Applied Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Babri
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Low molecular weight xanthan gum suppresses oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in rabbit chondrocytes. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 169:255-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
48
|
Ma XT, Sun XY, Yu K, Gui BS, Gui Q, Ouyang JM. Effect of Content of Sulfate Groups in Seaweed Polysaccharides on Antioxidant Activity and Repair Effect of Subcellular Organelles in Injured HK-2 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:2542950. [PMID: 28785372 PMCID: PMC5529655 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2542950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the repair effect of subcellular structure injuries of the HK-2 cells of four degraded seaweed polysaccharides (DSPs), namely, the degraded Porphyra yezoensis, Gracilaria lemaneiformis, Sargassum fusiform, and Undaria pinnatifida polysaccharides. The four DSPs have similar molecular weight, but with different content of sulfate groups (i.e., 17.9%, 13.3%, 8.2%, and 5.5%, resp.). The damaged model was established using 2.8 mmol/L oxalate to injure HK-2 cells, and 60 μg/mL of various DSPs was used to repair the damaged cells. With the increase of sulfate group content in DSPs, the scavenging activity of radicals and their reducing power were all improved. Four kinds of DSPs have repair effect on the subcellular organelles of damaged HK-2 cells. After being repaired by DSPs, the release amount of lactate dehydrogenase was decreased, the integrity of cell membrane and lysosome increased, the Δψm increased, the cell of G1 phase arrest was inhibited, the proportion of S phase increased, and cell apoptotic and necrosis rates were significantly reduced. The greater the content of sulfate group is, the stronger is the repair ability of the polysaccharide. These DSPs, particularly the polysaccharide with higher sulfate group content, may be a potential drug for the prevention and cure of kidney stones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tao Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Sun
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kai Yu
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bao-Song Gui
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Qin Gui
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yun KL, Wang ZY. Target/signalling pathways of natural plant-derived radioprotective agents from treatment to potential candidates: A reverse thought on anti-tumour drugs. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:1122-1151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
50
|
Zhang J, Zhao X, Jiang Y, Zhao W, Guo T, Cao Y, Teng J, Hao X, Zhao J, Yang Z. Antioxidant status and gut microbiota change in an aging mouse model as influenced by exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus plantarum YW11 isolated from Tibetan kefir. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:6025-6041. [PMID: 28551178 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Lactobacillus plantarum YW11 on the oxidative status and gut microbiota in an aging mouse model induced with d-galactose. The in vitro assay of the antioxidant activity of the EPS showed concentration-dependent (0.25-3.0 mg/mL) activities. At 3.0 mg/mL, the EPS reached the highest scavenging activities with half maximal inhibitory concentration values against hydroxyl radicals at 75.10% and 1.22 mg/mL, superoxide anion at 62.71% and 1.54 mg/mL, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl at 35.11% and 0.63 mg/mL, and the maximal chelating rate on ferrous ion and the half-maximal chelating concentration of the EPS at 41.09% and 1.07 mg/mL, respectively. High doses of EPS (50 mg/kg per day) effectively relieved the oxidative stress in the aging mice with increased levels of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and total antioxidant capacity in mice serum by 21.55, 33.14, 61.09, and 38.18%, respectively, and decreased malondialdehyde level from 11.69 to 5.89 mmol/mL compared with those in the untreated aging mice model. The analysis of pyrosequencing sequence data from the gut microbiota revealed that the EPS could recover the microbiota diversity and phylotypes decreased or eliminated by the d-galactose treatment. The EPS could selectively decrease the abundance of Flexispira (37.5 fold), and increase the abundance of Blautia (36.5 fold) and Butyricicoccus (9.5 fold), which correspondingly decreased the content of nitrogen oxides to 9.87% and increased the content of short-chain fatty acids by 2.23 fold, thereby improving the oxidative and health conditions of the host intestinal tract. Further correlation analysis of core-microbiota variation induced by different treatments showed a strong correlation with oxidative phenotypes [catalase, goodness of prediction (Q2) = 0.49; total antioxidant capacity, Q2 = 0.45; nitrogen oxides, Q2 = 0.67; short-chain fatty acids, Q2 = 0.55]. The fermented milk with L. plantarum YW11 containing EPS also showed favorable antioxidant and gut microbiota regulating activities. The present finding provided new insights into the functional mechanism of probiotics bioactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yunyun Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yongqiang Cao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Junwei Teng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaona Hao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhennai Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| |
Collapse
|