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Feng Q, Yan H, Feng Y, Cui L, Hussain H, Park JH, Kwon SW, Xie L, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Li J, Wang D. Characterization of the structure, anti-inflammatory activity and molecular docking of a neutral polysaccharide separated from American ginseng berries. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116521. [PMID: 38593700 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM American ginseng berries, grown in the aerial parts and harvested in August, are a potentially valuable material. The aim of the study was to analyze the specific polysaccharides in American ginseng berries, and to demonstrate the anti-inflammation effect through in vitro and in vivo experiments and molecular docking. METHODS After deproteinization and dialysis, the extracted crude polysaccharide was separated and purified. The structure of the specific isolated polysaccharide was investigated by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), GC-MS and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo models (Raw 264.7 cells and zebrafish). Molecular docking was used to analyze the binding capacity and interaction with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). RESULTS A novel neutral polysaccharide fraction (AGBP-A) was isolated from American ginseng berries. The structural analysis demonstrated that AGBP-A had a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 122,988 Da with a dispersity index (Mw/Mn) value of 1.59 and was composed of arabinose and galactose with a core structure containing →6)-Gal-(1→ residues as the backbone and a branching substitution at the C3 position. The side-chains comprised of α-L-Ara-(1→, α-L-Ara-(1→, →5)-α-L-Ara-(1→, β-D-Gal-(1→. The results showed that it significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines in the cell model. In a zebrafish model, AGBP-A reduced the massive recruitment of neutrophils to the caudal lateral line neuromast, suggesting the relief of inflammation. Molecular docking was used to analyze the combined capacity and interaction with COX-2. CONCLUSION Our study indicated the potential efficacy of AGBP-A as a safe and valid natural anti-inflammatory component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiang Feng
- Medicine and Food R&D and Health Product Creation International Joint Laboratory, Biological Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Heze Branch of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Heze 274000, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Huijiao Yan
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yu Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Li Cui
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle (Saale) D-06120, Germany
| | - Jeong Hill Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Lei Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Medicine and Food R&D and Health Product Creation International Joint Laboratory, Biological Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Heze Branch of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Heze 274000, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Medicine and Food R&D and Health Product Creation International Joint Laboratory, Biological Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Heze Branch of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Heze 274000, China
| | - Jinfan Li
- Medicine and Food R&D and Health Product Creation International Joint Laboratory, Biological Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Heze Branch of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Heze 274000, China
| | - Daijie Wang
- Medicine and Food R&D and Health Product Creation International Joint Laboratory, Biological Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Heze Branch of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Heze 274000, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
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Jang AY, Choi J, Rod-In W, Choi KY, Lee DH, Park WJ. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Skin Protective Effects of Codium fragile Extract on Macrophages and Human Keratinocytes in Atopic Dermatitis. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:940-948. [PMID: 38314445 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2312.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Codium fragile has been traditionally used in oriental medicine to treat enterobiasis, dropsy, and dysuria, and it has been shown to possess many biological properties. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the types of skin inflammation and barrier disruption, which leads to chronic inflammatory skin diseases. In the current investigation, the protective effects of C. fragile extract (CFE) on anti-inflammation and skin barrier improvement were investigated. In LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, nitric oxide generation and the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-α were reduced by CFE. CFE also inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB-p65, ERK, p-38, and JNK. Additionally, CFE showed inhibitory activity on TSLP and IL-4 expression in HaCaT cells stimulated with TNF-α/interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Enhanced expression of factors related to skin barrier function, FLG, IVL, and LOR, was confirmed. These findings implied that CFE may be used as a therapeutic agent against AD due to its skin barrier-strengthening and anti-inflammatory activities, which are derived from natural marine products.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Yeong Jang
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - JeongUn Choi
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Weerawan Rod-In
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000 Thailand
| | - Ki Young Choi
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hee Lee
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
- Nbios Inc., Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jung Park
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
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Wang Z, Liu L, Li CY, Zhao YW, Tong XY, Cheng XY, Ouyang JM. Carboxymethylated Rhizoma alismatis polysaccharides reduces the risk of calcium oxalate stone formation by reducing cellular inflammation and oxidative stress. Urolithiasis 2024; 52:63. [PMID: 38613670 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-024-01565-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the mechanism and potential of Rhizoma alismatis polysaccharides (RAPs) in preventing oxidative damage to human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. The experimental approach involved incubating HK-2 cells with 100 nm calcium oxalate monohydrate for 24 h to establish a cellular injury model. Protection was provided by RAPs with varying carboxyl group contents: 3.57%, 7.79%, 10.84%, and 15.33%. The safeguarding effect of RAPs was evaluated by analyzing relevant cellular biochemical indicators. Findings demonstrate that RAPs exhibit notable antioxidative properties. They effectively diminish the release of reactive oxygen species, lactate dehydrogenase, and malondialdehyde, a lipid oxidation byproduct. Moreover, RAPs enhance superoxide dismutase activity and mitochondrial membrane potential while attenuating the permeability of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Additionally, RAPs significantly reduce levels of inflammatory factors, including NLRP3, TNF-α, IL-6, and NO. This reduction corresponds to the inhibition of overproduced pro-inflammatory mediator nitric oxide and the caspase 3 enzyme, leading to a reduction in cellular apoptosis. RAPs also display the ability to suppress the expression of the HK-2 cell surface adhesion molecule CD44. The observed results collectively underscore the substantial anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic potential of all four RAPs. Moreover, their capacity to modulate the expression of cell surface adhesion molecules highlights their potential in inhibiting the formation of kidney stones. Notably, RAP3, boasting the highest carboxyl group content, emerges as the most potent agent in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Department of urology, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of urology, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Chuang-Ye Li
- Department of urology, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Yao-Wang Zhao
- Department of urology, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, 410007, China.
| | - Xin-Yi Tong
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Cheng
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Zhuang SJ, Xu HK, Hu X, Wu TC, Li JN, Lee HG, Yu P, Dai YL, Jeon YJ. In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of an active fucoidan fraction from Sargassum fusiforme and a fraction-based hydrogel. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130866. [PMID: 38490390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
In a previous study, we separated an active fucoidan (JHCF4) from acid-processed Sargassum fusiforme, then analyzed and confirmed its structure. In the present study, we investigated the potential anti-inflammatory properties of JHCF4 and a JHCF4-based hydrogel in vitro and in vivo. JHCF4 reliably inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, with an IC50 of 22.35 μg/ml. Furthermore, JHCF4 attenuated the secretion of prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, indicating that JHCF4 regulates inflammatory reactions. In addition, JHCF4 downregulated iNOS and COX-2 and inhibited the activation of the MAPK pathway. According to further in vivo analyses, JHCF4 significantly reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), NO production, and cell death in an LPS-induced zebrafish model, suggesting that JHCF4 exhibits anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, a JHCF4-based hydrogel was developed, and its properties were evaluated. The hydrogel significantly decreased inflammatory and nociceptive responses in carrageenan (carr)-induced mouse paws by reducing the increase in paw thickness and decreasing neutrophil infiltration in the basal and subcutaneous layers of the toe epidermis. These results indicate that JHCF4 exhibits potential anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo and that JHCF4-based hydrogels have application prospects in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jie Zhuang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, PR China
| | - Hong-Kang Xu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, PR China
| | - Xuan Hu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, PR China
| | - Tong-Chuan Wu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, PR China
| | - Jian-Nan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China
| | - Hyo-Geun Lee
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Peng Yu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, PR China.
| | - Yu-Lin Dai
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, PR China.
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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5
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Peng Y, Li Y, Pi Y, Yue X. Effects of almond (Armeniaca Sibirica L. Lam) polysaccharides on gut microbiota and anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130098. [PMID: 38342264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the prebiotic properties of the almond polysaccharide AP-1 on intestinal microorganisms by using an in vitro fecal fermentation method and its anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that during the in vitro fermentation of AP-1, the pH value of the fermentation broth decreased obviously, while the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) increased significantly, especially acetic acid and butyric acid. In genus level, the number of Clostridium and Megamonas increased markedly in the AP-1 group after 24 h of fermentation. After 48 h of fermentation, there was a noticeable increase in the number of beneficial genera Lactobacillaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae, and a considerable decrease in the number of pro-inflammatory genera. In addition, we found that AP-1 had no toxic effect on RAW264.7 cells. In the LPS-induced inflammation model of RAW264.7 cells, AP-1 could effectively inhibit the release of NO, regulate the level of reactive oxides (ROS), and effectively down-regulate the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS. In conclusion, the almond polysaccharide AP-1 may be a functional active substance aimed at promoting intestinal health and exerting anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Peng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Yingshuo Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China
| | - Yuzhen Pi
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China.
| | - Xiqing Yue
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 11086, China.
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Tesvichian S, Sangtanoo P, Srimongkol P, Saisavoey T, Buakeaw A, Puthong S, Thitiprasert S, Mekboonsonglarp W, Liangsakul J, Sopon A, Prawatborisut M, Reamtong O, Karnchanatat A. Sulfated polysaccharides from Caulerpa lentillifera: Optimizing the process of extraction, structural characteristics, antioxidant capabilities, and anti-glycation properties. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24444. [PMID: 38293411 PMCID: PMC10826829 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The polysaccharides found in Caulerpa lentillifera (sea grape algae) are potentially an important bioactive resource. This study makes use of RSM (response surface methodology) to determine the optimal conditions for the extraction of valuable SGP (sea grape polysaccharides). The findings indicated that a water/raw material ratio of 10:1 mL/g, temperature of 90 °C, and extraction time of 45 min would maximize the yield, with experimentation achieving a yield of 21.576 %. After undergoing purification through DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephacryl S-100 column chromatography, three distinct fractions were obtained, namely SGP11, SGP21, and SGP31, each possessing average molecular weights of 38.24 kDa, 30.13 kDa, and 30.65 kDa, respectively. Following characterization, the fractions were shown to comprise glucose, galacturonic acid, xylose, and mannose, while the sulfate content was in the range of 12.2-21.8 %. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) it was possible to confirm with absolute certainty the sulfate polysaccharide attributes of SGP11, SGP21, and SGP31. NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) findings made it clear that SGP11 exhibited α-glycosidic configurations, while the configurations of SGP21 and SGP31 were instead β-glycosidic. The in vitro antioxidant assays which were conducted revealed that each of the fractions was able to demonstrate detectable scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cations. All fractions were also found to exhibit the capacity to scavenge NO radicals in a dose-dependent manner. SGP11, SGP21, and SGP31 were also able to display cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) against the human adenocarcinoma colon (Caco-2) cell line when oxidative damage was induced. The concentration levels were found to govern the extent of such activity. Moreover, purified SGP were found to exert strong inhibitory effects upon glycation, with the responses dependent upon dosage, thus confirming the potential for SGP to find a role as a natural resource for the production of polysaccharide-based antioxidant drugs, or products to promote improved health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suphaporn Tesvichian
- Program in Biotechnology, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Papassara Sangtanoo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Piroonporn Srimongkol
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Tanatorn Saisavoey
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Anumart Buakeaw
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Songchan Puthong
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sitanan Thitiprasert
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wanwimon Mekboonsonglarp
- Scientific and Technological Research Equipment Centre, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Jatupol Liangsakul
- Scientific and Technological Research Equipment Centre, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Anek Sopon
- Aquatic Resources Research Institute, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Mongkhol Prawatborisut
- Bruker Switzerland AG, 175, South Sathorn Road, 10th Floor, Sathorn City Tower, Thungmahamek, Sathorn, Bangkok, 10120, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Mahidol University, 420/6 Ratchawithi Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Aphichart Karnchanatat
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Bioconversion and Bioseparation for Platform Chemical Production, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Feng Y, Wu Y, Duan R, Wang P, Zhong X, Wu X. Structural characterization and anti-inflammatory effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide-Fe/Zn complexes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127166. [PMID: 37778595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The structure of polysaccharide has a great influence on its biological functions, and the chelation with metal ions is an effective way to change polysaccharide structural configuration. Herein, the structure of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide (EP)-Fe/Zn complexes were characterized and the results showed that the iron (III) existed in form of β-FeOOH in EP-Fe (III) complex and the zinc (II) existed in form of C-O-Zn in EP-Zn (II) complex. Besides, the chelation with iron (III) or zinc (II) completely changed the apparent forms, and improved the thermal stability of EP. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activities of EP, EP-Fe and EP-Zn were proved by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages model. The results showed that EP, EP-Fe (III) and EP-Zn (II) could decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential and the secretion of NO and cytokines induced by LPS. One of the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of EP, EP-Fe (III) and EP-Zn (II) was that they could inhibit mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway via increasing its inhibitor content in cells. Collectively, the research suggested that the chelation with iron (III) or zinc (II) could change the structure and improve the anti-inflammatory activities of EP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Feng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ran Duan
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Qingdao Seawin Biotech Group Co., LTD, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiang Zhong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
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8
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Rod-in W, Surayot U, You S, Park WJ. Inhibitory effects of polysaccharides from Korean ginseng berries on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294675. [PMID: 38015971 PMCID: PMC10684074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides isolated from Korean ginseng berries (GBPs) have shown beneficial effects such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic properties. However, little is known about anti-inflammatory effects of GBPs. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate anti-inflammatory properties of four fractions of GBPs, namely GBP-C, GBP-F1, GBP-F2, and GBP-F3, in macrophages. Their toxicities and effects on NO production in RAW264.7 cells were assessed by culturing cells with various concentrations of GBPs and stimulating cells with LPS. Furthermore, expression levels of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, cell surface molecules, and immune signaling pathways were evaluated in LPS-stimulated macrophages using different fractions of GBPs at 450 μg/mL. These GBPs activated LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells to significantly reduce NO production. They suppressed the expression of mRNA and cell surface molecules via MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Collectively, results revealed that all four GBP fractions showed anti-inflammatory effects, with GBP-F1 having a more efficient anti-inflammatory effect than GBP-C, GBP-F2, and GBP-F3. The structure of GBP-F1 mainly consists of 1 → 3)- Araf, 1 → 4)- Glcp, and 1 → 6)-Galp glycosidic linkages. These results demonstrate that GBPs can be employed as alternative natural sources of anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weerawan Rod-in
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Research for Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Utoomporn Surayot
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon, Thailand
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Woo Jung Park
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon, Korea
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9
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Summat T, Wangtueai S, You S, Rod-in W, Park WJ, Karnjanapratum S, Seesuriyachan P, Surayot U. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Structural Characteristics of Polysaccharides Extracted from Lobonema smithii Jellyfish. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:559. [PMID: 37999383 PMCID: PMC10672681 DOI: 10.3390/md21110559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Crude polysaccharides were extracted from the white jellyfish (Lobonema smithii) using water extraction and fractionated using ion-exchange chromatography to obtain three different fractions (JF1, JF2, and JF3). The chemical characteristics of four polysaccharides were investigated, along with their anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. All samples mainly consisted of neutral sugars with minor contents of proteins and sulphates in various proportions. Glucose, galactose, and mannose were the main constituents of the monosaccharides. The molecular weights of the crude polysaccharides and the JF1, JF2, and JF3 fractions were 865.0, 477.6, 524.1, and 293.0 kDa, respectively. All polysaccharides were able to decrease NO production, especially JF3, which showed inhibitory activity. JF3 effectively suppressed iNOS, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α expression, while IL-10 expression was induced. JF3 could inhibit phosphorylated ERK, JNK, p38, and NF-κB p65. Furthermore, flow cytometry showed the impact of JF3 on inhibiting CD11b and CD40 expression. These results suggest that JF3 could inhibit NF-κB and MAPK-related inflammatory pathways. The structural characterisation revealed that (1→3)-linked glucopyranosyl, (1→3,6)-linked galactopyranosyl, and (1→3,6)-linked glucopyranosyl residues comprised the main backbone of JF3. Therefore, L. smithii polysaccharides exhibit good anti-inflammatory activity and could thus be applied as an alternative therapeutic agent against inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitikan Summat
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, Thailand; (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Sutee Wangtueai
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, Thailand; (T.S.); (S.W.)
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Gangwon, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.); (W.R.-i.); (W.J.P.)
- East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Weerawan Rod-in
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Gangwon, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.); (W.R.-i.); (W.J.P.)
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Woo Jung Park
- Department of Marine Bio Food Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Gangwon, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.); (W.R.-i.); (W.J.P.)
- East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Supatra Karnjanapratum
- Division of Marine Product Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | | | - Utoomporn Surayot
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, Thailand; (T.S.); (S.W.)
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10
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Humayun S, Premarathna AD, Rjabovs V, Howlader MM, Darko CNS, Mok IK, Tuvikene R. Biochemical Characteristics and Potential Biomedical Applications of Hydrolyzed Carrageenans. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050269. [PMID: 37233463 DOI: 10.3390/md21050269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed contains a variety of bioactive compounds; the most abundant of them are polysaccharides, which have significant biological and chemical importance. Although algal polysaccharides, especially the sulfated polysaccharides, have great potential in the pharmaceutical, medical and cosmeceutical sectors, the large molecular size often limits their industrial applications. The current study aims to determine the bioactivities of degraded red algal polysaccharides by several in vitro experiments. The molecular weight was determined by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and the structure was confirmed by FTIR and NMR. In comparison to the original furcellaran, the furcellaran with lower molecular weight had higher OH scavenging activities. The reduction in molecular weight of the sulfated polysaccharides resulted in a significant decrease in anticoagulant activities. Tyrosinase inhibition improved 2.5 times for hydrolyzed furcellaran. The alamarBlue assay was used to determine the effects of different Mw of furcellaran, κ-carrageenan and ι-carrageenan on the cell viability of RAW264.7, HDF and HaCaT cell lines. It was found that hydrolyzed κ-carrageenan and ι-carrageenan enhanced cell proliferation and improved wound healing, whereas hydrolyzed furcellaran did not affect cell proliferation in any of the cell lines. Nitric oxide (NO) production decreased sequentially as the Mw of the polysaccharides decreased, which indicates that hydrolyzed κ-Carrageenan, ι-carrageenan and furcellaran have the potential to treat inflammatory disease. These findings suggested that the bioactivities of polysaccharides were highly dependent on their Mw, and the hydrolyzed carrageenans could be used in new drug development as well as cosmeceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjida Humayun
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Amal D Premarathna
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Vitalijs Rjabovs
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Institute of Technology of Organic Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Md Musa Howlader
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Il-Kyoon Mok
- Green-bio Research Facility Center, Institutes of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun 25354, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Rando Tuvikene
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Narva mnt 29, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
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11
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Xia P, Hou T, Jin H, Meng Y, Li J, Zhan F, Geng F, Li B. A critical review on inflammatory bowel diseases risk factors, dietary nutrients regulation and protective pathways based on gut microbiota during recent 5 years. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37096497 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2204147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) has become a worldwide problem. Intestinal flora plays an important role in the development and progression of IBDs. Various risk factors (psychology, living habits, dietary patterns, environment) influence the structure and composition of the gut microbiota and contribute to the susceptibility to IBDs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on risk factors regulating intestinal microenvironment which was contributed to IBDs. Five protective pathways related to intestinal flora were also discussed. We hope to provide systemic and comprehensive insights of IBDs treatment and to offer theoretical guidance for personalized patients with precision nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengkui Xia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Jin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqi Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuchao Zhan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Geng
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
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12
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Wang Z, Zhou X, Sheng L, Zhang D, Zheng X, Pan Y, Yu X, Liang X, Wang Q, Wang B, Li N. Effect of ultrasonic degradation on the structural feature, physicochemical property and bioactivity of plant and microbial polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123924. [PMID: 36871679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
With the bioactivities of antioxidant, anti-bacteria, anti-inflammation, immune regulation, antitumor and anti-coagulation, plant and microbial polysaccharides have been widely used in foods, medicine and cosmetics. However, how structure features affect the physicochemical property and bioactivity of plant and microbial polysaccharides is still unclear. Ultrasonic degradation usually degrades or modifies plant and microbial polysaccharides with different physicochemical properties and bioactivities by affecting their chemical or spatial structures via mechanical bond breaking and cavitation effects. Therefore, ultrasonic degradation might be an effective strategy for producing bioactive plant and microbial polysaccharides and analyzing their structure-function relationship. Present review summarized the influence of ultrasonic degradation on structural feature, physicochemical property and bioactivity of plant and microbial polysaccharides. Moreover, further problems need to be paid attention to during the application of ultrasonication for plant and microbial polysaccharides degradation are also recommended. Overall, present review will provide an efficient method for producing enhanced bioactive plant and microbial polysaccharides and analyzing their structure-activity relationship based on ultrasonic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichao Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xinxin Zheng
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaona Liang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Baoshi Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center in Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Na Li
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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13
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Flórez-Fernández N, Vaamonde-García C, Torres MD, Buján M, Muíños A, Muiños A, Lamas-Vázquez MJ, Meijide-Faílde R, Blanco FJ, Domínguez H. Relevance of the Extraction Stage on the Anti-Inflammatory Action of Fucoidans. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030808. [PMID: 36986669 PMCID: PMC10058023 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory action of fucoidans is well known, based on both in vitro and some in vivo studies. The other biological properties of these compounds, their lack of toxicity, and the possibility of obtaining them from a widely distributed and renewable source, makes them attractive novel bioactives. However, fucoidans’ heterogeneity and variability in composition, structure, and properties depending on seaweed species, biotic and abiotic factors and processing conditions, especially during extraction and purification stages, make it difficult for standardization. A review of the available technologies, including those based on intensification strategies, and their influence on fucoidan composition, structure, and anti-inflammatory potential of crude extracts and fractions is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Flórez-Fernández
- CINBIO, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Campus Ourense, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Carlos Vaamonde-García
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología, INIBIC-Sergas, Universidade da Coruña, Campus da Zapateira, 15011 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Torres
- CINBIO, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Campus Ourense, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Manuela Buján
- Portomuíños, Polígono Industrial, Rúa Acebedo, Parcela 14, Cerceda, 15185 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alexandra Muíños
- Portomuíños, Polígono Industrial, Rúa Acebedo, Parcela 14, Cerceda, 15185 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Antonio Muiños
- Portomuíños, Polígono Industrial, Rúa Acebedo, Parcela 14, Cerceda, 15185 A Coruña, Spain
| | - María J. Lamas-Vázquez
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología, INIBIC-Sergas, Universidade da Coruña, Campus da Zapateira, 15011 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Rosa Meijide-Faílde
- Grupo de Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Universidade da Coruña, CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, Campus Oza, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación de Reumatología y Salud (GIR-S), Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Fisioterapia, CICA-Centro Interdisciplinar de Química y Biología, INIBIC-Sergas, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de Oza, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Herminia Domínguez
- CINBIO, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Campus Ourense, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence:
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14
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Jayawardhana H, Lee HG, Liyanage N, Nagahawatta D, Ryu B, Jeon YJ. Structural characterization and anti-inflammatory potential of sulfated polysaccharides from Scytosiphon lomentaria; attenuate inflammatory signaling pathways. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
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15
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Lai LH, Zong MH, Huang Z, Ni ZF, Xu P, Lou WY. Purification, structural elucidation and biological activities of exopolysaccharide produced by the endophytic Penicillium javanicum from Millettia speciosa Champ. J Biotechnol 2023; 362:54-62. [PMID: 36592666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An acid polysaccharide, named HP, was produced by endophytic Penicillium javanicum MSC-R1 isolated from southern medicine Millettia speciosa Champ. The molecular weight of HP was 37.8 kDa and consisted of Ara f, Galр, Glcр, Manр, and GlcрA with a molar ratio of 1.09: 3.47: 68.48: 16.59: 8.85. The glycosidic linkage of HP was proven to be →3, 4)-α-D-Glcр-(1→6)-α-D-Manр-(1→, →3, 4)-α-D-Glcр-(1→4)-α-D-Glcр-(1→, →3), →6)-α-D-Manр-(1→4)-α-D-Glcр-(1→, →3), β-D-Galр-(1→3)-α-D-Glcр-(1→, →4), →5)-α-L-Ara f -(1→3)-α-D-Glcр-(1→, →4), →6)-α-D-Manр-(1→4)-α-D-GlcAр-(1→ and →4)-α-D-GlcAр-(1→4)-α-D-Glcр-(1→, →3). Additionally, 250 μg/mL of HP possessed nontoxicity to RAW 264.7 cells and exhibited anti-inflammation activity. HP could significantly restrain the amount of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and NO release in RAW264.7, which property is possibly associated with its abundant glucosidic linkage. These results indicated that HP could be regarded as a ponderable ingredient for the health-beneficial functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hao Lai
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi-Fu Ni
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei Xu
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wen-Yong Lou
- Laboratory of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Soto-Vásquez MR, Alvarado-García PAA, Youssef FS, Ashour ML, Bogari HA, Elhady SS. FTIR Characterization of Sulfated Polysaccharides Obtained from Macrocystis integrifolia Algae and Verification of Their Antiangiogenic and Immunomodulatory Potency In Vitro and In Vivo. Mar Drugs 2022; 21:36. [PMID: 36662209 PMCID: PMC9863126 DOI: 10.3390/md21010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory potential of sulfated polysaccharides from the marine algae Macrocystis integrifolia characterized by FTIR. The cytotoxicity of sulfated polysaccharides was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Antiangiogenic activity was evaluated using the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Immunomodulatory activity was determined on macrophage functionality and allergic response. The results showed that sulfated polysaccharides significantly decreased angiogenesis in chicken chorioallantoic membranes (p < 0.05). Likewise, they inhibited in vivo chemotaxis and in vitro phagocytosis, the transcription process of genes that code the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) and the nuclear factor kappa-light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), showing immunomodulatory properties on the allergic response, as well as an in vivo inhibitory effect in the ovalbumin-induced inflammatory allergy model (OVA) and inhibited lymphocyte proliferation specific to the OVA antigen in immunized mice. Finally, these compounds inhibited the histamine-induced skin reaction in rats, the production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in mice, and the passive response to skin anaphylaxis in rats. Therefore, the results of this research showed the potential of these compounds to be a promising source for the development of antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Av. Juan Pablo II, Trujillo 13011, Peru
| | | | - Fadia S. Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed L. Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanin A. Bogari
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Sartinah A, Nugrahani I, Ibrahim S, Anggadiredja K. Potential metabolites of Arecaceae family for the natural anti-osteoarthritis medicine: A review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12039. [PMID: 36561673 PMCID: PMC9763769 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the joints caused by fluid and cartilage matrix component reduction. This disease results in symptoms of pain, deformity, and limitation of movement. In general, OA is treated with anti-inflammatory drugs and chondroprotection compounds, includes natural nutraceutical ingredients, which are expected to be effective and have minimal side effects. Arecaceae plants are widely spread worldwide, especially in tropical areas. The objective of this review is to collect information about the Arecaceae family as anti-OA agents, with the main study focusing on the primary and secondary metabolites of plants of the Arecaceae family, i.e., sugar palm (Arenga pinnata), nipa palm (Nypa fruticans), palmyra palm (Borassus flabellifer), date palm (Phoenix dactylifera), and betel nut (Areca catechu) have potential as anti-OA agents. The Arecaceae's metabolites that show anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects are galactomannan, fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acids), flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, isorhamnetin), phenolics (coumaric acid, ferulic acid), polyphenols (epicatechin), and steroids (stigmasterol, campesterol, spirostane). Based on the reports, the Arecaceae family plants become worthy of being explored and developed into natural anti-OA products, such as supplements or nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Sartinah
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Ilma Nugrahani
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Slamet Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia
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18
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Generalov EA, Simonenko EY, Kulchenko NG, Yakovenko LV. [Molecular basis of biological activity of polysaccharides in COVID-19 associated conditions]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2022; 68:403-418. [PMID: 36573407 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20226806403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The review considers the main molecular biological features of the COVID-19 causative agent, the SARS-CoV-2 virus: life cycle, viral cell penetration strategies, interactions of viral proteins with human proteins, cytopathic effects. We also analyze pathological conditions that occur both during the course of the COVID-19 disease and after virus elimination. A brief review of the biological activities of polysaccharides isolated from various sources is given, and possible molecular biological mechanisms of these activities are considered. Data analysis shows that polysaccharides are a class of biological molecules with wide potential for use in the treatment of both acute conditions in COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Generalov
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Medicine, Moscow University for Industry and Finance "Synergy", Moscow, Russia
| | - E Yu Simonenko
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N G Kulchenko
- Medical Institute of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - L V Yakovenko
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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19
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Jayawardena TU, Nagahawatta DP, Fernando IPS, Kim YT, Kim JS, Kim WS, Lee JS, Jeon YJ. A Review on Fucoidan Structure, Extraction Techniques, and Its Role as an Immunomodulatory Agent. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:755. [PMID: 36547902 PMCID: PMC9782291 DOI: 10.3390/md20120755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional ingredients for human health have recently become the focus of research. One such potentially versatile therapeutic component is fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides (FCSPs), referred to as fucoidans. The exploitation of marine brown algae provides a rich source of FCSPs because of their role as a structural component of the cell wall. Fucoidans are characterized by a sulfated fucose backbone. However, the structural characterization of FCSPs is impeded by their structural diversity, molecular weight, and complexity. The extraction and purification conditions significantly influence the yield and structural alterations. Inflammation is the preliminary response to potentially injurious inducements, and it is of the utmost importance for modulation in the proper direction. Improper manipulation and/or continuous stimuli could have detrimental effects in the long run. The web of immune responses mediated through multiple modulatory/cell signaling components can be addressed through functional ingredients, benefiting patients with no side effects. In this review, we attempted to address the involvement of FCSPs in the stimulation/downregulation of immune response cell signaling. The structural complexity and its foremost influential factor, extraction techniques, have also attracted attention, with concise details on the structural implications of bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilina U. Jayawardena
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - D. P. Nagahawatta
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - I. P. S. Fernando
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Ag/For Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2PG, Canada
| | - Yong-Tae Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Department of Seafood Science & Technology, Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Kim
- Pharmaceutical Engineering, Silla University, Busan 46958, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Suck Lee
- Department of Seafood Science & Technology, Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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20
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Zhang L, Liao W, Huang Y, Wen Y, Chu Y, Zhao C. Global seaweed farming and processing in the past 20 years. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-022-00103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSeaweed has emerged as one of the most promising resources due to its remarkable adaptability, short development period, and resource sustainability. It is an effective breakthrough to alleviate future resource crises. Algal resources have reached a high stage of growth in the past years due to the increased output and demand for seaweed worldwide. Several aspects global seaweed farming production and processing over the last 20 years are reviewed, such as the latest situation and approaches of seaweed farming. Research progress and production trend of various seaweed application are discussed. Besides, the challenges faced by seaweed farming and processing are also analyzed, and the related countermeasures are proposed, which can provide advice for seaweed farming and processing. The primary products, extraction and application, or waste utilization of seaweed would bring greater benefits with the continuous development and improvement of applications in various fields.
Graphical Abstract
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21
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An K, Wu J, Xiao H, Hu T, Yu Y, Yang W, Xiao G, Xu Y. Effect of various drying methods on the physicochemical characterizations, antioxidant activities and hypoglycemic activities of lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) pulp polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:510-519. [PMID: 35987361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Suitable drying method is critical for the preservation of physicochemical and pharmacological quality of lychee pulp polysaccharides (LPPs). In current work, the effects of five drying methods, i.e. air drying (A), infrared drying (I), heat pump drying (H), vacuum freeze drying (F) and freeze vacuum drying combined with heat pump drying (FH) on the physicochemical characterizations, antioxidant activities and hypoglycemic activities of LPPs were explored. Results showed all five drying methods led to thermal aggregation of LPPs and the stronger the thermal effect induced by drying, the more serious the aggregations were. Additionally, the thermal aggregation significantly affected the composition, structure and biological activity of LPPs. Less thermal aggregation was observed in LPPF and LPPFH, which exhibited stronger oxygen, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, higher ferric-reducing power and better α-glycosidase and α-amylase inhibition activities, resulting from their higher contents of neutral sugar, protein and uronic acid and lower molecular weight than LPPA and LPPI. Besides, FH consumed about half drying time and one fifth energy of F. Therefore, from industrial perspective, FH is a promising alternative to F for producing LPPs by comprehensively considering physicochemical characterizations, bioactivity as well as energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejing An
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China; Guangdong Jiabao Group Co., Ltd., 515638, China.
| | - Jijun Wu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Hongwei Xiao
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, P.O. Box 194, 17 Qinghua Donglu, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tenggen Hu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Yuanshan Yu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China; Guangdong Jiabao Group Co., Ltd., 515638, China
| | | | - Gengsheng Xiao
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Yujuan Xu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
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22
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Wang L, Wang L, Yan C, Ai C, Wen C, Guo X, Song S. Two Ascophyllum nodosum Fucoidans with Different Molecular Weights Inhibit Inflammation via Blocking of TLR/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Discriminately. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152381. [PMID: 35954147 PMCID: PMC9368091 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to clarify the potential mechanism of fucoidans found in Ascophyllum nodosum on anti-inflammation and to further explore the relationship between their structures and anti-inflammation. Two novel fucoidans named ANP-6 and ANP-7 and found in A. nodosum, were separated and purified and their structures were elucidated by HPGPC, HPLC, GC-MS, FT-IR, NMR, and by the Congo red test. They both possessed a backbone constructed of →2)-α-L-Fucp4S-(1→, →3)-α-L-Fucp2S4S-(1→, →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, and →3,6)-β-D-Galp4S-(1→ with branches of →2)-α-L-Fucp4S-(1→ and →3)-β-D-Galp-(1→. Moreover, ANP-6 and ANP-7 could prevent the inflammation of the LPS-stimulated macrophages by suppressing the NO production and by regulating the expressions of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10. Their inhibitory effects on the TLR-2 and TLR-4 levels suggest that they inhibit the inflammation process via the blocking of the TLR/NF-κB signal transduction. In addition, ANP-6, with a molecular weight (63.2 kDa), exhibited stronger anti-inflammatory capabilities than ANP-7 (124.5 kDa), thereby indicating that the molecular weight has an influence on the anti-inflammatory effects of fucoidans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilong Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chunhong Yan
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chengrong Wen
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xiaoming Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shuang Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Correspondence:
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23
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Depolymerized Fractions of Sulfated Galactans Extracted from Gracilaria fisheri and Their Antibacterial Activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio harveyi. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20080469. [PMID: 35892937 PMCID: PMC9394303 DOI: 10.3390/md20080469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Various seaweed sulfated polysaccharides have been explored for antimicrobial application. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the native Gracilaria fisheri sulfated galactans (NSG) and depolymerized fractions against the marine pathogenic bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio harveyi. NSG was hydrolyzed in different concentrations of H2O2 to generate sulfated galactans degraded fractions (SGF). The molecular weight, structural characteristics, and physicochemical parameters of both NSG and SGF were determined. The results revealed that the high molecular weight NSG (228.33 kDa) was significantly degraded to SGFs of 115.76, 3.79, and 3.19 kDa by hydrolysis with 0.4, 2, and 10% H2O2, respectively. The Fourier transformed spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H− and 13C−Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses demonstrated that the polysaccharide chain structure of SGFs was not affected by H2O2 degradation, but alterations were detected at the peak positions of some functional groups. In vitro study showed that SGFs significantly exerted a stronger antibacterial activity against V. parahaemolyticus and V. harveyi than NSG, which might be due to the low molecular weight and higher sulfation properties of SGF. SGF disrupted the bacterial cell membrane, resulting in leakage of intracellular biological components, and subsequently, cell death. Taken together, this study provides a basis for the exploitation and utilization of low-molecular-weight sulfated galactans from G. fisheri to prevent and control the shrimp pathogens.
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24
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Figueroa FA, Abdala-Díaz RT, Pérez C, Casas-Arrojo V, Nesic A, Tapia C, Durán C, Valdes O, Parra C, Bravo-Arrepol G, Soto L, Becerra J, Cabrera-Barjas G. Sulfated Polysaccharide Extracted from the Green Algae Codium bernabei: Physicochemical Characterization and Antioxidant, Anticoagulant and Antitumor Activity. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20070458. [PMID: 35877751 PMCID: PMC9317217 DOI: 10.3390/md20070458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Codium bernabei is a green alga that grows on Chilean coasts. The composition of its structural polysaccharides is still unknown. Hence, the aim of this work is to isolate and characterize the hot water extracted polysaccharide fractions. For this purpose, the water extracts were further precipitated in alcohol (TPs) and acid media (APs), respectively. Both fractions were characterized using different physicochemical techniques such as GC-MS, GPC, FTIR, TGA, and SEM. It is confirmed that the extracted fractions are mainly made of sulfated galactan unit, with a degree of sulfation of 19.3% (TPs) and 17.4% (ATs) and a protein content of 3.5% in APs and 15.6% in TPs. Other neutral sugars such as xylose, glucose, galactose, fucose, mannose, and arabinose were found in a molar ratio (0.05:0.6:1.0:0.02:0.14:0.11) for TPs and (0.05:0.31:1.0:0.03:0.1:0.13) for ATs. The molecular weight of the polysaccharide samples was lower than 20 kDa. Both polysaccharides were thermally stable (Tonset > 190 °C) and showed antioxidant activity according to the ABTS•+ and DPPH tests, where TPs fractions had higher scavenging activity (35%) compared to the APs fractions. The PT and APTTS assays were used to measure the anticoagulant activity of the polysaccharide fractions. In general, the PT activity of the TPs and APs was not different from normal plasma values. The exception was the TPs treatment at 1000 µg mL−1 concentration. The APTTS test revealed that clotting time for both polysaccharides was prolonged regarding normal values at 1000 µg mL−1. Finally, the antitumor test in colorectal carcinoma (HTC-116) cell line, breast cancer (MCF-7) and human leukemia (HL-60) cell lines showed the cytotoxic effect of TPs and APs. Those results suggest the potential biotechnological application of sulfate galactan polysaccharides isolated from a Chilean marine resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian A. Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (F.A.F.); (C.P.); (A.N.); (L.S.); (J.B.)
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4191996, Chile;
| | - Roberto T. Abdala-Díaz
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
- Correspondence: (R.T.A.-D.); (G.C.-B.)
| | - Claudia Pérez
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (F.A.F.); (C.P.); (A.N.); (L.S.); (J.B.)
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4191996, Chile;
| | - Virginia Casas-Arrojo
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Aleksandra Nesic
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (F.A.F.); (C.P.); (A.N.); (L.S.); (J.B.)
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 12–14 Mike Petrovića Street, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Cecilia Tapia
- Laboratorio de Especialidad Clínica Dávila-OMESA, Recoleta 464, Recoleta, Santiago 8431657, Chile; (C.T.); (C.D.)
| | - Carla Durán
- Laboratorio de Especialidad Clínica Dávila-OMESA, Recoleta 464, Recoleta, Santiago 8431657, Chile; (C.T.); (C.D.)
| | - Oscar Valdes
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480005, Chile;
| | - Carolina Parra
- Laboratorio de Recursos Renovables, Centro de Biotecnología, Barrio Universitario s/n, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile;
| | - Gastón Bravo-Arrepol
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4191996, Chile;
| | - Luis Soto
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (F.A.F.); (C.P.); (A.N.); (L.S.); (J.B.)
| | - José Becerra
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (F.A.F.); (C.P.); (A.N.); (L.S.); (J.B.)
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4191996, Chile;
| | - Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico (UDT), Universidad de Concepción, Avda. Cordillera No. 2634, Parque Industrial Coronel, Coronel 4191996, Chile;
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia Para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Centro de Investigación de Polímeros Avanzados, Edificio Laboratorio (CIPA), Avda. Collao 1202, Concepción 4051381, Chile
- Correspondence: (R.T.A.-D.); (G.C.-B.)
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25
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Evaluation of Biological Activity of Natural Compounds: Current Trends and Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144490. [PMID: 35889361 PMCID: PMC9324072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds have diverse structures and are present in different forms of life. Metabolites such as tannins, anthocyanins, and alkaloids, among others, serve as a defense mechanism in live organisms and are undoubtedly compounds of interest for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Plants, bacteria, and insects represent sources of biomolecules with diverse activities, which are in many cases poorly studied. To use these molecules for different applications, it is essential to know their structure, concentrations, and biological activity potential. In vitro techniques that evaluate the biological activity of the molecules of interest have been developed since the 1950s. Currently, different methodologies have emerged to overcome some of the limitations of these traditional techniques, mainly via reductions in time and costs. These emerging technologies continue to appear due to the urgent need to expand the analysis capacity of a growing number of reported biomolecules. This review presents an updated summary of the conventional and relevant methods to evaluate the natural compounds’ biological activity in vitro.
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26
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Chen J, Zhou S, Wang Z, Liu S, Li R, Jia X, Chen J, Liu X, Song B, Zhong S. Anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory effects of a degraded sulfate glycosaminoglycan from swimming bladder. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111444. [PMID: 35761684 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Low molecular weight sulfate glycosaminoglycan has attracted more attention recently for its great bioactivity. In the present study, a degraded sulfate glycosaminoglycan (named D-SBSG) was prepared from swimming bladder by enzymatic depolymerization, the structure characteristics of D-SBSG and its effects on blood coagulation and inflammation in vitro was investigated. HPGPC analysis showed that the molecular weight (Mw) of SBSG was 115.84 kDa, while the Mw of D-SBSG was 4.96 kDa. The bioactivities had arose dramatic differences, though its main molecule structure had little change after enzymatic degradation. Compared with heparin sodium, relatively milder anticoagulant activity in vitro, which were positively associated with molecular weight, were found in SBSG and D-SBSG. In contrast, the results of anti-inflammatory assays indicated that D-SBSG with the lower molecular weight possessed higher bioactivity than SBSG. Additionally, the D-SBSG inhibited the LPS-induced inflammatory in RAW264.7 macrophages by down-regulation of inflammatory mediators, both of NF-κB (including p65) and MAPK (including p38) signaling pathways to exert its anti-inflammatory function. These results indicated that enzymolysis is a viable strategy for degradation of sulfate glycosaminoglycan, and D-SBSG could be a promising ingredient for inflammation management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Siyi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Shanwei Institute of Technology, Shanwei 516600, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shouchun Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Rui Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xuejing Jia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Bingbing Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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27
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Chemical modifications in the structure of seaweed polysaccharides as a viable antimicrobial application: A current overview and future perspectives. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Structural characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of a pectin polysaccharide HBHP-3 from Houttuynia cordata. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 210:161-171. [PMID: 35533845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a hot buffer soluble Houttuynia cordata polysaccharide (HBHP-3) with a molecular weight of 397.4 kDa was isolated from H. cordata. HBHP-3 was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, galactose and galacturonic acid with molar ratio of 16.0:12.6:4.6:18.1:15.6. Structural analysis showed that the main chain of HBHP-3 was composed of →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→ and →4)-β-D-Galp-(1→. There were branched chains of α-L-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, β-D-Galp-(1→ connected to the O-4 positions of →2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→. HBHP-3 effectively inhibited the secretion of NO and the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner in macrophages. HBHP-3 inhibited the phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα proteins as well, illustrating that HBHP-3 exerted its anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB pathway.
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29
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Al-Khalaifah HS, Al-Nasser A, Surrayai T. Effects From Dietary Addition of Sargassum sp., Spirulina sp., or Gracilaria sp. Powder on Immune Status in Broiler Chickens. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:928235. [PMID: 35769316 PMCID: PMC9234524 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.928235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Algae are innovative and significant nutrient sources with various health benefits when used as additives in animal feed. The study aims to examine the effect of different inclusions of three algae species, Sargassum sp., Spirulina sp., and Gracilaria sp. on the immune response of broiler chickens, as measured by the cellular immune response, humoral immune response, intestinal microbial counts, hindgut acidosis, and hematological measures. Here is a list of the seven experimental treatments (TRT). TRT 1 was the control group without algae; TRT 2 was supplemented with Sargassum sp. at 1% of the diet; TRT 3 with Sargassum sp. at 2% of the diet; TRT 4 with Spirulina sp. at 5% of the diet; TRT 5 with Spirulina sp. at 7.5% of the diet; TRT 6 with Gracilaria sp. at 0.5% of the diet; and TRT 7 Gracilaria sp. at 1% of the diet. Each treatment involved five replicates with 17 broiler chickens each, and the analyses were triplicated. The results showed that including algae in the feed ration of broiler chickens induces a higher cellular response than the control group, represented by T-cell response in the wattle area (P = 0.037). Sargassum sp. at 1 and 2% enhanced IgA antibody titers significantly and Gracilaria sp. at 5% enhanced IgY antibody titers, P = 0.045 and P = 0.030, respectively. All algal inclusions inhibited the growth of Salmonella sp. and improved LAB counts in the intestine of broilers, excepting the Gracilaria sp. at 0.5%, where LAB counts were similar to the control group. The E. coli counts decreased numerically but not significantly. Blood lymphocytes were enhanced while white blood cells (WBC) and heterophils were decreased as a results of algal inclusions. In conclusion, supplementing broiler chickens with algae could enhance their cellular and humoral immune status and promote healthy microflora in their guts.
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30
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Huang D, Jiang S, Du Z, Chen Y, Xue D, Wang X, Li M, Zhang F, Chen W, Sun L. Analgesic and Anti-Arthritic Activities of Polysaccharides in Chaenomeles speciosa. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:744915. [PMID: 35401173 PMCID: PMC8989029 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.744915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai has been long used as a folk medicine for rheumatic diseases treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of polysaccharides in Chaenomeles speciosa (CSP) on the pro-inflammatory cytokines and MAPK pathway in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis and LPS-induced NR8383 cells. We used acetic acid (HAc)-induced writhing and CFA induced paw edema to determine the analgesic activity and anti-inflammatory activity, respectively. CFA rats were administered CSP (12.5, 25.0, and 50.0 mg/kg) daily for 3 weeks via oral gavage. The analgesic test was done using three different doses of the extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg). The anti-arthritic evaluation involved testing for paw swelling, swelling inhibition, and histological analysis in CFA rats. Finally, ELISA, western blot, qRT-PCR were done to determine the effect of CSP on the activation of MAPK pathway, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated NR838 macrophage cells. In pain models, oral uptake of CSP greatly reduced pain perception. Furthermore, in CFA rats, CSP substantially decreased paw swelling as well as synovial tissue proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration. In addition, CSP was shown to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and COX-2) as well as JNK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated NR8383 cells. Thus, pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and MAPK signaling downregulation promoted the analgesic and anti-arthritic effects of CSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Huang
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenggui Jiang
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zenan Du
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Xue
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengshuang Li
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Zhang, ; Wansheng Chen, ; Lianna Sun,
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Zhang, ; Wansheng Chen, ; Lianna Sun,
| | - Lianna Sun
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Zhang, ; Wansheng Chen, ; Lianna Sun,
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Mousavian Z, Safavi M, Azizmohseni F, Hadizadeh M, Mirdamadi S. Characterization, antioxidant and anticoagulant properties of exopolysaccharide from marine microalgae. AMB Express 2022; 12:27. [PMID: 35239029 PMCID: PMC8894541 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The sulfated exopolysaccharide extracted from marine microalgae attracted considerable attention from both the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. In the present study biomass of five marine microalgae were screened to find strains with high capacity for the production of sulfated exopolysaccharides. The anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of extracted sulfated polysaccharides were evaluated using activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. The sulfated polysaccharides extracted from Picochlorum sp. showed a strong DPPH scavenging effect with 85% antioxidant activity. The sulfated polysaccharides of Chlorella sorokiniana, Chlorella sp. (L2) and Chlorella sp. (D1) scavenged more than 90% of the ABTS radicals. However, the sulfated polysaccharide extracted from Chlorella sorokiniana, and Chlorella sp. (N4) showed anticoagulant properties. The dual anticoagulant-antioxidant activities in Chlorella sorokiniana could be explained by the combination of various factors including sulfate content and their binding site, monosaccharide residue and glycoside bond which are involved in the polysaccharide’s bioactivity. Sulfated exopolysaccharides (sPS) were extracted from marine green microalgae by the heated acid extraction method. sPS with the higher sulfate/sugar ratio presented potent ABTS radical scavenging activity. Some of the sPS revealed anticoagulant effects in activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT) assays.
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Yang W, Zhao P, Li X, Guo L, Gao W. The potential roles of natural plant polysaccharides in inflammatory bowel disease: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118821. [PMID: 34893238 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a long-term chronic disease, about 20% of IBD patients deteriorate to colorectal cancer. Currently, there is no radical cure for IBD. Natural plant polysaccharides (NPP) have low toxic and side effects, which have immune and prebiotic activities and possesses positive effect on alleviating IBD. In this review, we will focus on the alleviating effect of NPP on IBD in vitro and in vivo from three aspects: regulating intestinal flora imbalance, repairing intestinal barrier injury and improving immunity. The relationship between the chemical structure of natural plant polysaccharides and the therapeutic effect of IBD are highlighted. Finally, the synergistic role of NPP as a carrier of drugs or active molecules to reduce side effects and enhance targeting function are discussed, especially pectic polysaccharides. Broadly, this review provides a valuable reference for NPP to be developed as functional food or health products to alleviate IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300193, China.
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Arokiarajan MS, Thirunavukkarasu R, Joseph J, Ekaterina O, Aruni W. Advance research in biomedical applications on marine sulfated polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:870-881. [PMID: 34843816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Marine ecosystem associated organisms are an affluent source of bioactive compounds. Polysaccharides with unique structural and practical entities have gained special studies interest inside the current biomedical zone. Polysaccharides are the main components of marine algae, plants, animals, insects, and microorganisms. In recent times research on seaweed is more persistent for extraction of natural bioactive "Sulfated polysaccharides" (SPs). The considerable amount of SP exists in the algae in the form of fucans, fucoidans, carrageenans, ulvan, etc. Major function of SPs is to act as a defensive lattice towards the infective organism. All SPs possess the high potential and possess a broad range of therapeutic applications as antitumor, immunomodulatory, vaccine adjuvant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antiviral, antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, antilipemic, therapy of regenerative medicine, also in drug delivery and tissue engineering application. This review aims to discuss the biomedicine applications of sulfated polysaccharides from marine seaweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Shamya Arokiarajan
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 119, India
| | - Rajasekar Thirunavukkarasu
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 119, India.
| | - Jerrine Joseph
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 119, India
| | - Obluchinskaya Ekaterina
- Biochemistry and Technology of Hydrobionts, Murmansk marine biological institute of KSC, RAS, Russia
| | - Wilson Aruni
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 119, India
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Jia X, Ma B, Xue F, Xing Y, Wu P, Li T, Shi F, Xu CP. Structure Characterization and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Polysaccharides from Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) by Microwave-assisted Freeze-thaw Extraction. Int J Med Mushrooms 2022; 24:49-61. [DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2022045268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bogolitsyn KG, Parshina AE, Druzhinina AS, Shulgina EV. Comparative Characteristics of the Chemical Composition of Some Brown Algae from the White and Yellow Seas. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021070025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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36
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Pei Y, Yang S, Xiao Z, Zhou C, Hong P, Qian ZJ. Structural Characterization of Sulfated Polysaccharide Isolated From Red Algae ( Gelidium crinale) and Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Macrophage Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:794818. [PMID: 34869300 PMCID: PMC8637441 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.794818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelidium crinale, the red algae belonging to Geliaceae Gelidium, is a traditional edible and industrial alga in China. A sulfated polysaccharide (GNP) is successfully separated from Gelidium crinale by acid extraction and two-step column chromatography. Chemical analysis showed that the molecular weight of GNP was 25.8 kDa and the monosaccharide composition had the highest galactose content and confirmed the presence and content (16.5%) of sulfate by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectrometry as well as barium chloride-gelatin methods. In addition, the effect of GNP on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in macrophages was also evaluated. The research results showed that GNP had fairly strong scavenging activities on 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical, hydroxyl radical, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and had Fe2+-chelating ability in a dose-dependent manner. At the same time, it significantly inhibits the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS through blocking the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) signaling pathway. These results indicate that GNP may be a latent component anti-inflammation in pharmaceutical and functional food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pei
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shengtao Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhenbang Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, China
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Jiang F, Ding Y, Tian Y, Yang R, Quan M, Tong Z, Zhang X, Luo D, Chi Z, Liu C. Hydrolyzed low-molecular-weight polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera exhibits high anti-inflammatory activity and promotes wound healing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 133:112637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lu MK, Chao CH, Hsu YC. Effect of carbohydrate-feeding strategy on the production, physiochemical changes, anti-inflammation activities of polysaccharides of Poria cocos. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:435-443. [PMID: 34637815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to physiochemically characterize the structure and study the pharmaceutical benefits of the polysaccharide (PS) produced by Poria cocos using two selected carbohydrates (sucrose, and potato dextrose broth) in the in vitro culture system. A direct dosage effect was shown as sucrose- or PDB-based medium on the PS yield of Paragalago cocos. Very low-molecular-weight PS (<1 kDa) were largely synthesized by sucrose and PDB feeding. Sucrose-feeding mycelia of P. cocos results in a direct dosage effect in the fructose component in the PS. Sucrose and PDB feeding increased the glucose content but decreased the galactose content of PS. This study examined the anti-inflammatory activities of PS in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. At 100 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL, PS from 10 g/L PDB- treatment, denoted as PDB 10, pretreatment showed maximal inhibition of TNF-α and IL-6 release, respectively. Mechanically, PDB10 attenuated IκB from degradation in LPS-induced macrophages, and down-regulated LPS-induced phosphorylation of ERK/AKT/p-38. PDB10 showed dose-dependent inhibition of the LPS induced TGFRII signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, 252 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Hsein Chao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Hsu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Sanjeewa KKA, Herath KHINM, Yang HW, Choi CS, Jeon YJ. Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Fucoidans to Treat Inflammatory Diseases: A Review. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:678. [PMID: 34940677 PMCID: PMC8703547 DOI: 10.3390/md19120678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidans are sulfated heteropolysaccharides found in the cell walls of brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae) and in some marine invertebrates. Generally, fucoidans are composed of significant amounts of L-fucose and sulfate groups, and lesser amounts of arabinose, galactose, glucose, glucuronic acid, mannose, rhamnose, and xylose. In recent years, fucoidans isolated from brown seaweeds have gained considerable attention owing to their promising bioactive properties such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties. Inflammation is a complex immune response that protects the organs from infection and tissue injury. While controlled inflammatory responses are beneficial to the host, leading to the removal of immunostimulants from the host tissues and restoration of structural and physiological functions in the host tissues, chronic inflammatory responses are often associated with the pathogenesis of tumor development, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, the authors mainly discuss the studies since 2016 that have reported anti-inflammatory properties of fucoidans isolated from various brown seaweeds, and their potential as a novel functional material for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalu K. Asanka Sanjeewa
- Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Pittpana, Homagoma 10200, Sri Lanka;
| | - Kalahe H. I. N. M. Herath
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation Management, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila 60170, Sri Lanka;
| | - Hye-Won Yang
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Cheol Soo Choi
- Korea Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea
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Chaisuwan W, Phimolsiripol Y, Chaiyaso T, Techapun C, Leksawasdi N, Jantanasakulwong K, Rachtanapun P, Wangtueai S, Sommano SR, You S, Regenstein JM, Barba FJ, Seesuriyachan P. The Antiviral Activity of Bacterial, Fungal, and Algal Polysaccharides as Bioactive Ingredients: Potential Uses for Enhancing Immune Systems and Preventing Viruses. Front Nutr 2021; 8:772033. [PMID: 34805253 PMCID: PMC8602887 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.772033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections may cause serious human diseases. For instance, the recent appearance of the novel virus, SARS-CoV-2, causing COVID-19, has spread globally and is a serious public health concern. The consumption of healthy, proper, functional, and nutrient-rich foods has an important role in enhancing an individual's immune system and preventing viral infections. Several polysaccharides from natural sources such as algae, bacteria, and fungi have been considered as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the US Food and Drug Administration. They are safe, low-toxicity, biodegradable, and have biological activities. In this review, the bioactive polysaccharides derived from various microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae were evaluated. Antiviral mechanisms of these polysaccharides were discussed. Finally, the potential use of microbial and algal polysaccharides as an antiviral and immune boosting strategy was addressed. The microbial polysaccharides exhibited several bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, and immunomodulatory activities. Some microbes are able to produce sulfated polysaccharides, which are well-known to exert a board spectrum of biological activities, especially antiviral properties. Microbial polysaccharide can inhibit various viruses using different mechanisms. Furthermore, these microbial polysaccharides are also able to modulate immune responses to prevent and/or inhibit virus infections. There are many molecular factors influencing their bioactivities, e.g., functional groups, conformations, compositions, and molecular weight. At this stage of development, microbial polysaccharides will be used as adjuvants, nutrient supplements, and for drug delivery to prevent several virus infections, especially SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worraprat Chaisuwan
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yuthana Phimolsiripol
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thanongsak Chaiyaso
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Charin Techapun
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Noppol Leksawasdi
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sutee Wangtueai
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon, Thailand
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory (BAC), Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Joe M. Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Phisit Seesuriyachan
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro-BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Huang X, Guan N, Li Q. A Marine-Derived Anti-Inflammatory Scaffold for Accelerating Skin Repair in Diabetic Mice. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:496. [PMID: 34564158 PMCID: PMC8471490 DOI: 10.3390/md19090496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstructing the typical analogue of extracellular matrix (ECM) in engineered biomaterials is essential for promoting tissue repair. Here, we report an ECM-mimetic scaffold that successfully accelerated wound healing through enhancing vascularization and regulating inflammation. We prepared an electrospun fiber comprising a brown alga-derived polysaccharide (BAP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The two polymers in concert exerted the function upon the application of PVA/BAP2 fiber in vivo; it started to reduce the inflammation and promote angiogenesis at the wound site. Our serial in vitro and in vivo tests validated the efficacy of PVA/BAP2 fiber. Particularly, PVA/BAP2 fiber accelerated the repair of a full-thickness skin wound in diabetic mice and induced optimal neo-tissue formation. Generally, our results suggest that, by mimicking the function of ECM, this fiber as an engineered biomaterial can effectively promote the healing efficiency of diabetic wounds. Our investigation may inspire the development of new, effective, and safer marine-derived scaffold for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qiu Li
- Central Laboratory and College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (X.H.); (N.G.)
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Seaweed as a Source of Natural Antioxidants: Therapeutic Activity and Food Applications. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5753391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed is a valuable source of bioactive compounds, polysaccharides, antioxidants, minerals, and essential nutrients such as fatty acids, amino acids, and vitamins that could be used as a functional ingredient. The variation in the composition of biologically active compounds in seaweeds depends on the environmental growth factors that make seaweed of the same species compositionally different across the globe. Nevertheless, all seaweeds exhibit extraordinary antioxidant potential which can be harnessed for a broad variety of food applications such as in preparation of soups, pasta, salads, noodles, and other country specific dishes. This review highlights the nutritional and bioactive compounds occurring in different classes of seaweeds while focusing on their therapeutic activities including but not limited to blood cell aggregation, antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. The review also explores the existing and potential application of seaweeds as a source of natural antioxidant in food products. Seaweed-derived compounds have great potential for being used as a supplement in functional foods due to their high stability as well as consumer demand for antioxidant-rich foods.
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Abstract
Several in vivo immunotropic effects of κ/β-carrageenan isolated from the red algae Tichocarpus crinitus were studied, by orally administering it at 100 mg/kg/day to mice for 7 days. Serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-1β, and IL-4 were measured. Carrageenan's ability to influence development of LPS-induced inflammation was also assessed. Oral administration of κ/β-carrageenan increased serum levels of all the studied cytokines at least twice in comparison to the intact mice, while intraperitoneal LPS injection at 1 mg/kg increased concentration of only the pro-inflammatory cytokines: IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-1β. Furthermore, κ/β-carrageenan demonstrated a higher efficacy at inducing IFN-γ production than LPS. Previous 7-day-long oral carrageenan administration impaired development of LPS-induced inflammation: level of IL-1β dropped below that found in intact mice, while IFN-γ and IL-12 concentrations were at least 40% lower than in mice with LPS-induced inflammation. Murine peritoneal macrophages were also affected by the oral administration of the κ/β-carrageenan: their motility was increased, and morphology altered. In sum, we have demonstrated that κ/β-carrageenan, when administered orally, is not only not immunologically inert, but at the dose of 100 mg/kg possesses pharmacologically exploitable effects.
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Fang T, Zhang X, Hu S, Yu Y, Sun X, Xu N. Enzymatic Degradation of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis Polysaccharide and the Antioxidant Activity of Its Degradation Products. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:270. [PMID: 34066101 PMCID: PMC8150296 DOI: 10.3390/md19050270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis polysaccharides (GLP) were degraded using pectinase, glucoamylase, cellulase, xylanase, and β-dextranase into low-molecular-weight polysaccharides, namely, GPP, GGP, GCP, GXP, and GDP, respectively, and their antioxidant capacities were investigated. The degraded GLP showed higher antioxidant activities than natural GLP, and GDP exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. After the optimization of degradation conditions through single-factor and orthogonal optimization experiments, four polysaccharide fractions (GDP1, GDP2, GDP3, and GDP4) with high antioxidant abilities (hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reduction capacity, and total antioxidant capacity) were obtained. Their cytoprotective activities against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in human fetal lung fibroblast 1 (HFL1) cells were examined. Results suggested that GDP pretreatment can significantly improve cell viability, reduce reactive oxygen species and malonaldehyde levels, improve antioxidant enzyme activity and mitochondria membrane potential, and alleviate oxidative damage in HFL1 cells. Thus, the enzyme degradation of GLP with β-dextranase can significantly improve its antioxidant activity, and GDP might be a suitable source of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (T.F.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (X.S.)
| | | | | | | | - Nianjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (T.F.); (S.H.); (Y.Y.); (X.S.)
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Yang Y, Lim J, Li C, Lee S, Hong S. Effects of sulfated polysaccharides isolated from Codium fragile on inflammatory cytokine gene expression and Edwardsiella tarda infection in rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 112:125-134. [PMID: 33737238 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) derived from Codium fragile (sponge seaweed) can regulate cytokine expression in mammalian macrophages, NK cell lines and olive flounder head kidney primary cells in vitro. In this study, we found that SPs from C. fragile exhibited anti-bacterial activities against fish pathogenic bacteria including Streptococcus parauberis, Lactococcus garvieae, Aeromonas salmonicida and Edwardsiella tarda at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 mg/mL, but not against S. iniae or Vibrio anguillarum. Immunostimulatory effects of SPs from C. fragile on rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) were evaluated by analyzing mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) both in vitro and in vivo. Results revealed that expression levels of all genes tested were upregulated in rockfish head kidney and spleen cells by SPs from C. fragile in a dose/time-dependent manner in vitro. By contrast, expression levels of these genes were significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated in the head kidney and spleen of rockfish in vivo at 1 and 3 days post intraperitoneal injection of SPs from C. fragile. In the liver, these genes were downregulated on day 1, but upregulated on day 3. Treatment with SPs downregulated the expression of these genes in spleen, but upregulated IL-10 gene expression in the intestine and liver. Meanwhile, when fish were fed with crude SPs for 4 weeks and challenged with E. tarda, infected fish started to die starting from 2 days after immune challenge. The cumulative mortality of the 0.1% group was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of the control group without feeding with SPs. Expression levels of IL-1β and IL-6 genes were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated in head kidney of the 0.5% group on day 1 while IL-1β gene expression was downregulated on day 3 in the liver. These results indicate that SPs from C. fragile can regulate the immune gene expression in rockfish and that a diet containing 0.1% crude SPs can reduce the mortality of rockfish caused by E. tarda infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea
| | - Jongwon Lim
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea
| | - Changsheng Li
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea
| | - Sangmin Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea
| | - Suhee Hong
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea.
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Saraswati, Giriwono PE, Iskandriati D, Andarwulan N. Screening of In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Sargassum ilicifolium Crude Lipid Extracts from Different Coastal Areas in Indonesia. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:252. [PMID: 33925071 PMCID: PMC8146618 DOI: 10.3390/md19050252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sargassum brown seaweed is reported to exhibit several biological activities which promote human health, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of crude lipid extracts of Sargassum ilicifolium obtained from four different coastal areas in Indonesia, namely Awur Bay-Jepara (AB), Pari Island-Seribu Islands (PI), Sayang Heulang Beach-Garut (SHB), and Ujung Genteng Beach-Sukabumi (UGB). Results showed that treatment of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells with UGB and AB crude lipid extracts (12.5-50 µg/mL) significantly suppressed the nitric oxide production after lipopolysaccharide stimulation, both in pre-incubated and co-incubated cell culture model. The anti-inflammatory effect was most marked in the pre-incubated cell culture model. Both two crude lipid extracts showed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and high ferric reducing antioxidant power, which were amounted to 36.93-37.87 µmol Trolox equivalent/g lipid extract and 681.58-969.81 µmol FeSO4/g lipid extract, respectively. From this study, we can conclude that crude lipid extract of tropical S. ilicifolium can be further developed as a source of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraswati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), West Java 16680, Indonesia; (S.); (P.E.G.)
| | - Puspo Edi Giriwono
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), West Java 16680, Indonesia; (S.); (P.E.G.)
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), West Java 16680, Indonesia
| | - Diah Iskandriati
- Primate Research Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), West Java 16151, Indonesia;
| | - Nuri Andarwulan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), West Java 16680, Indonesia; (S.); (P.E.G.)
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), West Java 16680, Indonesia
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Structural characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of a polysaccharide from the lignified okra. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 265:118081. [PMID: 33966845 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The polysaccharide (AP1-b) of molecular weight 6.59 × 105 Da was isolated from lignified okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) by hot-water extraction, 40 % ethanol precipitation and purified by DEAE Cellulose chromatography, respectively. The structure and anti-inflammatory activity of AP1-b were investigated. AP1-b was composed of galactose, rhamnose, gluctose, arabinose and galacturonic acid in a molar ratio of 1.98:1.00:0.15:0.32:0.29. The structural features showed that the AP1-b consisted of →2)-α-d-Rhap-(1→, →4)-β-d-Galp-(1→, →4)-α-d-GalpA-(1→, →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, β-d-Glcp-(1→ and α-l-Araf-(1→. AP1-b could observably improve the inflammatory injury of LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting the secretion of NO and decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, iNOS and TNF-α). AP1-b also inhibited the phosphorylation levels of IκB and p65 proteins, manifesting the anti-inflammatory activity of AP1-b may associated with inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, AP1-b had potential value in treating inflammatory injury.
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Proteoglycan from Bacillus sp. BS11 Inhibits the Inflammatory Response by Suppressing the MAPK and NF-κB Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18120585. [PMID: 33255264 PMCID: PMC7761495 DOI: 10.3390/md18120585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of many debilitating diseases. Proteoglycan isolated from marine Bacillus sp. BS11 (EPS11) was shown to have anticancer activity, but its anti-inflammatory potential remains elusive. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of EPS11 were evaluated using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage model. Biochemical characterization showed that the total sugar content and protein content of EPS11 were 49.5% and 30.2% respectively. EPS11 was composed of mannose, glucosamine, galactosamine, glucose, galactose, rhamnose, and glucuronic acid. Its molecular weight was determined to be 3.06 × 105 Da. The protein determination of EPS11 was also performed. EPS11 displayed a strong anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro, which significantly suppressed inflammatory cytokines and mediators (such as NO, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, and COX-2). Western blot analysis indicated that EPS11 could downregulate the expression of many key proteins in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. In particular, EPS11 almost completely inhibited the expression of NF-κB P65, which indicated that EPS11 acted primarily on the NF-κB pathways. These findings offer new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of EPS11.
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Saraswati, Giriwono PE, Iskandriati D, Tan CP, Andarwulan N. In-vitro anti-inflammatory activity, free radical (DPPH) scavenging, and ferric reducing ability (FRAP) of Sargassum cristaefolium lipid-soluble fraction and putative identification of bioactive compounds using UHPLC-ESI-ORBITRAP-MS/MS. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109702. [PMID: 33233276 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Sargassum brown seaweed is well-known to contain several bioactive compounds which exhibit various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Lipophilic extracts and fractions of Sargassum were reported to possess promising anti-inflammatory activity. This study, therefore, aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of Sargassum cristaefolium crude lipid extract and its fractions. The brown seaweed was obtained from Awur Bay, Jepara - Indonesia. Crude lipid fractionation was performed using normal phase column chromatography, and three different fractions (dichloromethane, acetone, methanol) were produced. The results showed that treatment of acetone fraction exerted strongest nitric oxide inhibition in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells, both in pre-incubated and co-incubated cell culture models. This outcome was in accordance with its 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Metabolite profiling of lipid fractions was performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry, while the orthogonal projection to latent structures analysis was conducted to determine some features with significant correlation to the bioactivity. There were 14 feature candidates considered from both positive and negative ionization mode datasets. Seven out of them were putatively identified as pheophytin a (1), all-trans fucoxanthin (2), 132-hydroxy-pheophytin a (3), pheophorbide a (4), 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-3-O-β-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerol (6), 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosapentaenoyl)-2-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-3-O-β-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerol (10), and 1-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-2-(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatetraenoyl)-3-O-β-D-galactosyl-sn glycerol (12).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraswati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University 16680, Indonesia.
| | - Puspo Edi Giriwono
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University 16680, Indonesia; Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science Technology (SEAFAST) Center, Bogor Agricultural University 16680, Indonesia
| | - Diah Iskandriati
- Primate Research Center, Bogor Agricultural University 16151, Indonesia
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nuri Andarwulan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University 16680, Indonesia; Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science Technology (SEAFAST) Center, Bogor Agricultural University 16680, Indonesia.
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Lee MH, Chao CH, Hsu YC, Lu MK. Production, characterization, and functions of sulfated polysaccharides from zinc sulfate enriched cultivation of Antrodia cinnamomea. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:1013-1021. [PMID: 32417542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This research utilized zinc sulfate enriched cultural conditions to produce sulfated polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea (denoted as ZnFSPS) and physiochemically characterize functional and mechanical investigations of ZnFSPS. The maximum SPS yield reached a value of 6.68% when A. cinnamomea was fed zinc sulfate with 250 mM (denoted as Zn250). Zn250 had a maximal inhibitory effect on LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) release in RAW264.7 macrophage. Zn250 contained the highest area percentage of molecular weight of 178.5, 105.1, and 1.56 kDa at values of 19.08, 15.09, and 5.04. Zn250 contained three times the sulfate content as compared with the control. Mechanism studies revealed a novel finding that Zn250 inhibited the LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage inflammation and selectively blocked pAKT, pERK and p38. Zn250 also attenuated the LPS-induced IkB-α degradation. In addition, ZnFSPS interfered with lung cancer cell H1975 TGFRI/FAK/Slug signaling. These results suggest ZnFSPS plays roles in regulating inflammatory and anti-lung cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsin Lee
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsein Chao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Hsu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 155-1 Li-Nung St., Sec. 2, Shipai, Peitou, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, 252 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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