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Pignatelli A, Benedusi M, Barbieri M, Pecorelli A, Valacchi G. Tropospheric ozone effect on olfactory perception and olfactory bulb dopaminergic interneuron excitability. Neurotoxicology 2024; 104:36-44. [PMID: 39004287 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) forms in the Earth's atmosphere, both naturally and by reactions of man-made air pollutants. Deleterious effects of O3 have been found in the respiratory system. Here, we examine whether O3 alters olfactory behavior and cellular properties in the olfactory system. For this purpose, mice were exposed to O3 at a concentration found in highly polluted city air [0.8 ppm], and the behavior elicited by social and non-social odors in habituation/dishabituation tests was assessed. In addition, the electrical responses of dopaminergic olfactory bulb (OB) neurons were also evaluated. O3 differentially compromises olfactory perception to odors: it reduces responses to social and non-social odors in Swiss Webster mice, while this effect was observed in C57BL/6 J mice only for some non-social odors. Additionally, O3 reduced the rate of spontaneous spike firing in periglomerular dopaminergic cells (PG-DA) of the OB. Because this effect could reflect changes in excitability and/or synaptic inputs, the ability of O3 to alter PG-DA spontaneous activity was also tested together with cell membrane resistance, membrane potential, rheobase and chronaxie. Taken together, our data suggest the ability of O3 to affect olfactory perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Pignatelli
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Mario Barbieri
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Dept. of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Dept. of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy; Dept. of Animal Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 26723, Republic of Korea.
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Gu X, Li Z, Su J. Air pollution and skin diseases: A comprehensive evaluation of the associated mechanism. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116429. [PMID: 38718731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Air pollutants deteriorate the survival environment and endanger human health around the world. A large number of studies have confirmed that air pollution jeopardizes multiple organs, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, and central nervous systems. Skin is the largest organ and the first barrier that protects us from the outside world. Air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will affect the structure and function of the skin and bring about the development of inflammatory skin diseases (atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis), skin accessory diseases (acne, alopecia), auto-immune skin diseases (cutaneous lupus erythematosus(CLE) scleroderma), and even skin tumors (melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC)). Oxidative stress, skin barrier damage, microbiome dysbiosis, and skin inflammation are the pathogenesis of air pollution stimulation. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the effects of air pollution on skin diseases and possible mechanisms to provide strategies for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Gu
- Department of Dermatology | Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease | Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhengrui Li
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology | Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease | Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Hesham A, Abass M, Abdou H, Fahmy R, Rashad MM, Abdallah AA, Mossallem W, Rehan IF, Elnagar A, Zigo F, Ondrašovičová S, Abouelnaga AF, Rizk A. Ozonated saline intradermal injection: promising therapy for accelerated cutaneous wound healing in diabetic rats. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1283679. [PMID: 38026676 PMCID: PMC10657902 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1283679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The use of ozonized water is gaining importance in medicine due to its effects on hyperglycemia and wound healing mechanisms. Methods This experiment was conducted to assess the impacts of intradermal administration of ozonated water on acute skin wound healing in a diabetic rat model. Sixty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: an ozonated water group (O3W) and a control group (CG). Experimental diabetes was chemically induced in the rats by the intraperitoneal administration of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin. One week later, full-thickness skin surgical wounds (1 cm2) were created between the two shoulders of the rats under general anesthesia. The wounds were then daily irrigated with normal saline (CG) or intradermally injected with 1 mL of ozonated water at 10 mg/L O3W. Wound healing was evaluated through macroscopic analysis, measuring wound size, diameter, and percentage of contraction rate before wounding and at 3, 7, 9, 12, 14, 18, 21, 24, and 28 days post-wounding. On days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after induction of the wounds, the body weights and blood glucose levels of rats (8 per group) were measured before the rats were euthanized. Moreover, the morphological structure of the tissue, vascular endothelial and transforming growth factor (VEGF and TGF) affinity and gene expression were examined. Results The O3W group had significantly lower blood glucose levels and wound size and gained body weight. Additionally, epithelial vascularization, stromal edema, TGF, and VEGF gene expression significantly improved in the O3W group. Discussion Therefore, ozonated water has the potential to enhance and promote cutaneous wound healing in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hesham
- Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Marwa Abass
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Haanin Abdou
- Undergraduate Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Reham Fahmy
- Veterinary Surgery, Oncology Centre, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maha M. Rashad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelnaser A. Abdallah
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wael Mossallem
- Veterinary Clinical Supervisor, Al-Rahba Veterinary Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim F. Rehan
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menofia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University Yagotoyama, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Asmaa Elnagar
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University Yagotoyama, Nagoya, Japan
| | - František Zigo
- Department of Nutrition and Animal Husbandry, University of Veterinary Medicine, and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Ondrašovičová
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ahmed F. Abouelnaga
- Department of Animal Behaviour and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Awad Rizk
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Benedusi M, Kerob D, Guiotto A, Cervellati F, Ferrara F, Pambianchi E. Topical Application of M89PF Containing Vichy Mineralising Water and Probiotic Fractions Prevents Cutaneous Damage Induced by Exposure to UV and O 3. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:1769-1776. [PMID: 37448587 PMCID: PMC10337690 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s414011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet radiation (UV) or ozone (O3) results in stressed skin, leading to the alteration of the skin physical barrier and defence functions. In this work, the preventive benefit of a dermocosmetic, M89PF, containing Vichy mineralising water, probiotic fractions, antioxidant vitamins and hyaluronic acid, in the alteration of skin physical barrier and skin defence functions after exposure to O3 and UV, alone or combined, was assessed. Methods Untreated and treated (M89PF) skin explants were exposed to O3, to UV rays or to O3+UV. Immunofluorescence was performed for skin barrier, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers after one and four days of exposure to the pollutants. Results M89PF significantly (p≤0.05) prevented the decrease of the expression level of different skin barrier markers, and significantly (p≤0.05) prevented the induction of OxInflammatory markers and inflammasome components by UV, O3, or both combined. Conclusion M89PF prevents skin barrier damage, as well as oxidative stress and inflammatory markers induced by exposome factors, such as UV, O3, or both combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Anna Guiotto
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- North Carolina Research Campus, Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
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Canella R, Benedusi M, Vallese A, Pecorelli A, Guiotto A, Ferrara F, Rispoli G, Cervellati F, Valacchi G. The role of potassium current in the pulmonary response to environmental oxidative stress. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 737:109534. [PMID: 36740034 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of human lung epithelial cells (A549 cell line) to the oxidant pollutant ozone (O3) alters cell membrane currents inducing its decrease, when the cell undergoes to a voltage-clamp protocol ranging from -90 to +70mV. The membrane potential of these cells is mainly maintained by the interplay of potassium and chloride currents. Our previous studies indicated the ability of O3 to activate ORCC (Outward Rectifier Chloride Channel) and consequently increases the chloride current. In this paper our aim was to understand the response of potassium current to oxidative stress challenge and to identify the kind potassium channel involved in O3 induced current changes. After measuring the total membrane current using an intracellular solution with or without potassium ions, we obtained the contribution of potassium to the overall membrane current in control condition by a mathematical approach. Repeating these experiments after O3 treatment we observed a significant decrease of Ipotassium. Treatment of the cells with Iberiotoxin (IbTx), a specific inhibitor of BK channel, we were able to verify the presence and the functionality of BK channels. In addition, the administration of 4-Aminopyridine (an inhibitor of voltage dependent K channels but not BK channels) and Tetraethylammonium (TEA) before and after O3 treatment we observed the formation of BK oxidative post-translation modifications. Our data suggest that O3 is able to inhibit potassium current by targeting BK channel. Further studies are needed to better clarify the role of this BK channel and its interplay with the other membrane channels under oxidative stress conditions. These findings can contribute to identify the biomolecular pathway induced by O3 allowing a possible pharmacological intervention against oxidative stress damage in lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Canella
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea Vallese
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Guiotto
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Rispoli
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, 46, Ferrara, Italy; NC State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Md Jaffri J. Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant System in Selected Skin Disorders. Malays J Med Sci 2023; 30:7-20. [PMID: 36875194 PMCID: PMC9984103 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin has a solid protective system that includes the stratum corneum as the primary barrier and a complete antioxidant defence system to maintain the skin's normal redox homeostasis. The epidermal and dermal cells are continuously exposed to physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) originating from cellular metabolic activities. Environmental insults, such as ultraviolet (UV) rays and air pollutants, also generate ROS that can contribute to structural damage of the skin. The antioxidant defence system ensures that the ROS level remains within the safe limit. In certain skin disorders, oxidative stress plays an important role, and there is an established interplay between oxidative stress and inflammation in the development of the condition. Lower levels of skin antioxidants indicate that oxidative stress may mediate the pathogenesis of the disorder. Accordingly, the total antioxidant level was also found to be lower in individuals with skin disorders in individuals with normal skin conditions. This review attempts to summarise the skin oxidant sources and antioxidant system. In addition, both skin and total antioxidant status of individuals with psoriasis, acne vulgaris, vitiligo and atopic dermatitis (AD), as well as their associations with the progression of these disorders will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Md Jaffri
- Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
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Ferrara F, Cordone V, Pecorelli A, Benedusi M, Pambianchi E, Guiotto A, Vallese A, Cervellati F, Valacchi G. Ubiquitination as a key regulatory mechanism for O 3-induced cutaneous redox inflammasome activation. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102440. [PMID: 36027676 PMCID: PMC9425076 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
NLRP1 is one of the major inflammasomes modulating the cutaneous inflammatory responses and therefore linked to a variety of cutaneous conditions. Although NLRP1 has been the first inflammasome to be discovered, only in the past years a significant progress was achieved in understanding the molecular mechanism and the stimuli behind its activation. In the past decades a crescent number of studies have highlighted the role of air pollutants as Particulate Matter (PM), Cigarette Smoke (CS) and Ozone (O3) as trigger stimuli for inflammasomes activation, especially via Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) mediators. However, whether NLRP1 can be modulated by air pollutants via oxidative stress and the mechanism behind its activation is still poorly understood. Here we report for the first time that O3, one of the most toxic pollutants, activates the NLRP1 inflammasome in human keratinocytes via oxidative stress mediators as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 4-hydroxy-nonenal (4HNE). Our data suggest that NLRP1 represents a target protein for 4HNE adduction that possibly leads to its proteasomal degradation and activation via the possible involvement of E3 ubiquitin ligase UBR2. Of note, Catalase (Cat) treatment prevented inflammasome assemble and inflammatory cytokines release as well as NLRP1 ubiquitination in human keratinocytes upon O3 exposure. The present work is a mechanistic study that follows our previous work where we have showed the ability of O3 to induce cutaneous inflammasome activation in humans exposed to this pollutant. In conclusion, our results suggest that O3 triggers the cutaneous NLRP1 inflammasome activation by ubiquitination and redox mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrara
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Cordone
- Dept. of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
| | - Anna Guiotto
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Andrea Vallese
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Dept. of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA; Dept. of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Amegbor PM. Early-life environmental exposures and anaemia among children under age five in Sub-Saharan Africa: An insight from the Demographic & Health Surveys. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:154957. [PMID: 35367541 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports show that the majority (60%) of children under age five years in Sub-Saharan Africa are anaemic. Studies in the region have mainly focused on the effect of individual, maternal and household socioeconomic status on the prevalence of anaemia. Currently, there is limited understanding of the association between early-life environmental exposures and anaemia among children in Sub-Saharan Africa. OBJECTIVE The study examines the association between early-life environmental exposures and anaemia among children under five in Sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS The study used health and demographic data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) program and environmental data from NASA's Geospatial Interactive Online Visualization ANd aNalysis Infrastructure (GIOVANNI) and Atmospheric Composition Analysis Group. Three exposure periods were defined for the study, namely: in-utero, post-utero and cumulative life exposures. Multilevel mixed-effect models were used to assess the associations between environmental exposures and anaemia in each exposure period. RESULTS The findings show that 63% of children in the study were anaemic. It also reveals that mean PM 2.5 exposure for in-utero (34.93 μgm-3), post-utero (35.23 μgm-3) and cumulative exposure (35.08 μgm-3) were seven times higher than the new air quality guideline WHO recommended. A 10 μgm-3 increase in in-utero, post-utero and cumulative PM 2.5 exposures was associated with 4% to 5% increase in the prevalence of anaemia among children. A 10ppbv increase in in-utero, post-utero and cumulative carbon monoxide exposures was associated with 1% increase in the prevalence of anaemia among children. The spatial risk distribution maps show that socioeconomic factors modify the spatial risk distribution pattern. CONCLUSION The findings of the study suggest that early-life exposure to ambient air pollution is significantly associated with anaemia among children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, policies aimed at addressing air quality should be incorporated into targeted interventions for anaemia among children in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince M Amegbor
- Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA), Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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Farris PK, Valacchi G. Ultraviolet Light Protection: Is It Really Enough? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1484. [PMID: 36009203 PMCID: PMC9405175 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our current understanding of the pathogenesis of skin aging includes the role of ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared, pollution, cigarette smoke and other environmental exposures. The mechanism of action common to these exposures is the disruption of the cellular redox balance by the directly or indirectly increased formation of reactive oxygen species that overwhelm the intrinsic antioxidant defense system, resulting in an oxidative stress condition. Altered redox homeostasis triggers downstream pathways that contribute to tissue oxinflammation (cross-talk between inflammation and altered redox status) and accelerate skin aging. In addition, both ultraviolet light and pollution increase intracellular free iron that catalyzes reactive oxygen species generation via the Fenton reaction. This disruption of iron homeostasis within the cell further promotes oxidative stress and contributes to extrinsic skin aging. More recent studies have demonstrated that iron chelators can be used topically and can enhance the benefits of topically applied antioxidants. Thus, an updated, more comprehensive approach to environmental or atmospheric aging protection should include sun protective measures, broad spectrum sunscreens, antioxidants, chelating agents, and DNA repair enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia K. Farris
- Department of Dermatology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Animal Science Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-Dong, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Effects of Air Pollution on Cellular Senescence and Skin Aging. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142220. [PMID: 35883663 PMCID: PMC9320051 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human skin is exposed daily to different environmental factors such as air pollutants and ultraviolet (UV) light. Air pollution is considered a harmful environmental risk to human skin and is known to promote aging and inflammation of this tissue, leading to the onset of skin disorders and to the appearance of wrinkles and pigmentation issues. Besides this, components of air pollution can interact synergistically with ultraviolet light and increase the impact of damage to the skin. However, little is known about the modulation of air pollution on cellular senescence in skin cells and how this can contribute to skin aging. In this review, we are summarizing the current state of knowledge about air pollution components, their involvement in the processes of cellular senescence and skin aging, as well as the current therapeutic and cosmetic interventions proposed to prevent or mitigate the effects of air pollution in the skin.
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Xie W, Zhao H, Shu C, Wang B, Zeng W, Zhan Y. Association between ozone exposure and prevalence of mumps: a time-series study in a Megacity of Southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:64848-64857. [PMID: 34318412 PMCID: PMC8315250 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we aim to evaluate the delayed and cumulative effect of ozone (O3) exposure on mumps in a megacity with high population density and high humidity. We took Chongqing, a megacity in Southwest China, as the research area and 2013-2017 as the research period. A total of 49,258 confirmed mumps cases were collected from 122 hospitals of Chongqing. We employed the distributed lag nonlinear models with quasi-Poisson link to investigate the relationship between prevalence of mumps and O3 exposure after adjusting for the effects of meteorological conditions. The results show that the effect of O3 exposure on mumps was mainly manifested in the lag of 0-7 days. The single-day ;lag effect was the most obvious on the 4th day, with the relative risk (RR) of mumps occurs of 1.006 (95% CI: 1.003-1.007) per 10 μg/m3 in the O3 exposure. The cumulative RR within 7 days was 1.025 (95% CI: 1.013-1.038). Our results suggest that O3 exposure can increase the risk of mumps infection, which fills the gap of relevant research in mountainous areas with high population density and high humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Xie
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Sichuan University-the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, China.
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Alaskan Bog Blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum) Extract as an Innovative Topical Approach to Prevent UV-Induced Skin Damage. COSMETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics8040112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our body is continuously exposed to various exogenous aggressors, and, in particular, the skin represents the main target for outdoor stressors, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV exposure is well-known to be associated with the development/worsening of extrinsic photoaging and a multitude of skin conditions. Considering the role of photoprotection in skin health, the research of natural photoprotective molecules becomes of great importance. Therefore, in this work we wanted to evaluate the beneficial protective effects of ripe berries of Vaccinium uliginosum (Alaska bog blueberry (BB)) extract (100 μg/mL) for preventing the cutaneous oxidative, inflammatory, and structural damage induced by exposure to 200 mJ of UVA/UVB radiation. We observed that the topical application of BB extract on human ex vivo skin explants averted the UV-induced cutaneous OxInflammatory phenomenon by quenching the increase in the oxidative and inflammatory marker levels, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR); as well as by counteracting the loss of structural proteins (filaggrin and involucrin) induced by UV radiation. Our data propose the use of a topical application of Alaska bog blueberry extract as a natural and valuable approach to ensure photoprotection against UV-induced skin damage and premature aging.
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Petracca B, Nădăban A, Eeman M, Gooris GS, Bouwstra JA. Effects of ozone on stratum corneum lipid integrity and assembly. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 240:105121. [PMID: 34352254 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The stratum corneum (SC) acts as the main barrier of the skin against exogenous substances (e.g. air pollutants) and against the loss of endogenous substances such as water. The SC consists of keratin-rich dead cells surrounded by crystalline lamellar lipid regions. The main lipid classes are ceramides (CERs), free fatty acids (FFAs), and cholesterol (CHOL). Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a potent oxidant compound that reacts instantly with biological molecules such as lipids and proteins. Although it has been reported that O3 induces biological responses at the cellular level, to the best of our knowledge, there is no information related to the damages O3 can cause at the level of the SC extracellular lipid matrix. The aim of our work was to investigate which SC lipid subclasses are prone to oxidation when exposed to O3 and how the changes in chemical structures affect the lipid organization in a stratum corneum substitute (SCS) membrane. Ultimately the barrier properties of the SCS were examined. Our studies reveal that O3 induces chemical modifications of the unsaturated bonds in CERs and CHOL. The appearance of carbonyl groups at the headgroup level and the removal of the linoleate moiety of omega acylceramides (CER EOS) impact the lamellar organization of the lipid assembly and to a lesser extent the lateral packing of the lipids. Unexpectedly, the modifications improved the barrier function of the SCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Petracca
- Dow Silicones Belgium SRL, Rue Jules Bordet, Parc Industriel Zone C, B-7180 Seneffe, Belgium; Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreea Nădăban
- Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marc Eeman
- Dow Silicones Belgium SRL, Rue Jules Bordet, Parc Industriel Zone C, B-7180 Seneffe, Belgium.
| | - Gert S Gooris
- Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Joke A Bouwstra
- Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, the Netherlands
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Abstract
SUMMARY Exposure to air pollutants has been now associated with detrimental effects on a variety of organs, including the heart, lungs, GI tract, and brain. However, recently it has become clear that pollutant exposure can also promote the development/exacerbation of a variety of skin conditions, including premature aging, psoriasis, acne, and atopic dermatitis. Although the molecular mechanisms by which pollutant exposure results in these cutaneous pathological manifestations, it has been noticed that an inflammatory status is a common denominator of all those skin conditions. For this reason, recently, the activation of a cytosolic multiprotein complex involved in inflammatory responses (the inflammasome) that could promote the maturation of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 has been hypothesized to play a key role in pollution-induced skin damage. In this review, we summarize and propose the cutaneous inflammasome as a novel target of pollutant exposure and the eventual usage of inflammasome inhibitor as new technologies to counteract pollution-induced skin damage. Possibly, the ability to inhibit the inflammasome activation could prevent cutaneous inflammaging and ameliorate the health and appearance of the skin.
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Baek JO, Cho J, Roh JY. Associations between ambient air pollution and medical care visits for atopic dermatitis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110153. [PMID: 32926890 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported numerous environmental factors for atopic dermatitis (AD), such as allergens and chemical stimulants. However, few studies have addressed the relationship between ambient air pollution and AD at a population level. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of air pollutants on medical care visits for AD and to identify susceptible populations. METHODS In this time-series study conducted on 513,870 medical care visits for AD from 2012 to 2015 identified by reviewing national health insurance claim data in Incheon, Republic of Korea. Treating daily number of medical care visits for AD as a dependent variable, generalized additive models with Poisson distributions were constructed, which included air pollutant levels, ambient temperature, relative humidity, day of the week, national holiday, and season. Risks were expressed as relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) per interquartile range increase of each air pollutant. RESULTS Higher levels of particulate matter of diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) (RR, 1.009; 95% CI, 1.007-1.012), ozone (1.028; 1.023-1.033), and sulfur dioxide (1.033; 1.030-1.037) were significantly associated with increased risk of medical care visits for AD on same days. In all age and sex groups, ozone was associated with a significantly higher risk of medical care visits, with the greatest risk among 13- to 18-year-old males (RR, 1.127; 95% CI, 1.095-1.159). CONCLUSION This study suggests relationships of ambient PM10, ozone, and sulfur dioxide levels with medical care visits for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ok Baek
- Department of Dermatology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaelim Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo-Young Roh
- Department of Dermatology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Woodby B, Pambianchi E, Ferrara F, Therrien JP, Pecorelli A, Messano N, Lila MA, Valacchi G. Cutaneous antimicrobial peptides: New "actors" in pollution related inflammatory conditions. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101952. [PMID: 33839421 PMCID: PMC8059092 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ozone (O3) exposure has been reported to contribute to various cutaneous inflammatory conditions, such as eczema, psoriasis, rush etc. via a redox-inflammatory pathway. O3 is too reactive to penetrate cutaneous tissue; it interacts with lipids present in the outermost layer of skin, resulting in formation of oxidized molecules and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Interestingly, several inflammatory skin pathologies demonstrate altered levels of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These small, cationic peptides are found in various cells, including keratinocytes, eccrine gland cells, and seboctyes. Classically, AMPs function as antimicrobial agents. Recent studies indicate that AMPs also play roles in inflammation, angiogenesis, and wound healing. Since altered levels of AMPs have been detected in pollution-associated skin pathologies, we hypothesized that exposure to O3 could affect the levels of AMPs in the skin. We examined levels of AMPs using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence in vitro (human keratinocytes), ex vivo (human skin explants), and in vivo (human volunteer subjects exposed to O3) and observed increased levels of all the measured AMPs upon O3 exposure. In addition, in vitro studies have confirmed the redox regulation of AMPs in keratinocytes. This novel finding suggests that targeting AMPs could be a possible defensive strategy to combat pollution-associated skin conditions. AMPs (hBDs1-3, CAMP) increase in O3 exposed human skin by a redox mechanism. Transcriptional upregulation of AMPs in response to O3 exposure is due to an altered redox status. Pollution increase AMPs could be the connection between pollution exposure and the development/exacerbation of inflammatory skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Nicolo' Messano
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; JP Therrien Consulting, LLC, USA; Kyung Hee University, Department of Food and Nutrition, South Korea.
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Petracca B, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Valacchi G, Eeman M. Bench approaches to study the detrimental cutaneous impact of tropospheric ozone. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021; 31:137-148. [PMID: 33127990 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-020-00275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Being exposed to ground-level ozone (O3), as it is often the case in polluted cities, is known to have a detrimental impact on skin. O3 induces antioxidant depletion and lipid peroxidation in the upper skin layers and this effect has repercussions on deeper cellular layers, triggering a cascade of cellular stress and inflammatory responses. Repetitive exposure to high levels of O3 may lead to chronic damages of the cutaneous tissue, cause premature skin aging and aggravate skin diseases such as contact dermatitis and urticaria. This review paper debates about the most relevant experimental approaches that must be considered to gather deeper insights about the complex biological processes that are activated when the skin is exposed to O3. Having a better understanding of O3 effects on skin barrier properties and stress responses could help the whole dermato-cosmetic industry to design innovative protective solutions and develop specific cosmetic regime to protect the skin of every citizen, especially those living in areas where exposure to high levels of O3 is of concern to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Petracca
- Dow Silicones Belgium SRL, Seneffe, Belgium
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Animal Sciences, Kannapolis Research Campus, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Marc Eeman
- Dow Silicones Belgium SRL, Seneffe, Belgium.
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Circadian Deregulation as Possible New Player in Pollution-Induced Tissue Damage. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are 24-h oscillations driven by a hypothalamic master oscillator that entrains peripheral clocks in almost all cells, tissues and organs. Circadian misalignment, triggered by industrialization and modern lifestyles, has been linked to several pathological conditions, with possible impairment of the quality or even the very existence of life. Living organisms are continuously exposed to air pollutants, and among them, ozone or particulate matters (PMs) are considered to be among the most toxic to human health. In particular, exposure to environmental stressors may result not only in pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, but, as it has been demonstrated in the last two decades, the skin can also be affected by pollution. In this context, we hypothesize that chronodistruption can exacerbate cell vulnerability to exogenous damaging agents, and we suggest a possible common mechanism of action in deregulation of the homeostasis of the pulmonary, cardiovascular and cutaneous tissues and in its involvement in the development of pathological conditions.
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Ferrara F, Pambianchi E, Woodby B, Messano N, Therrien JP, Pecorelli A, Canella R, Valacchi G. Evaluating the effect of ozone in UV induced skin damage. Toxicol Lett 2020; 338:40-50. [PMID: 33279629 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution represents one of the main risks for both environment and human health. The rapid urbanization has been leading to a continuous release of harmful manmade substances into the atmosphere which are associated to the exacerbation of several pathologies. The skin is the main barrier of our body against the external environment and it is the main target for the outdoor stressors. Among the pollutants, Ozone (O3) is one of the most toxic, able to initiate oxidative reactions and activate inflammatory response, leading to the onset of several skin conditions. Moreover, skin is daily subjected to the activity of Ultraviolet Radiation which are well known to induce harmful cutaneous effects including skin aging and sunburn. Even though both UV and O3 are able to affect the skin homeostasis, very few studies have investigated their possible additive effect. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the effect of the combined exposure of O3 and UV in inducing skin damage, by exposing human skin explants to UV alone or in combination with O3 for 4-days. Markers related to inflammation, redox homeostasis and tissue structure were analyzed. Our results demonstrated that O3 is able to amplify the UV induced skin oxinflammation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrara
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Nicolo' Messano
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | | | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States
| | - Rita Canella
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, United States; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Kyung Hee University, Department of Food and Nutrition, South Korea.
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20
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Cervellati F, Woodby B, Benedusi M, Ferrara F, Guiotto A, Valacchi G. Evaluation of oxidative damage and Nrf2 activation by combined pollution exposure in lung epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:31841-31853. [PMID: 32504424 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09412-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The lungs are one the main organs exposed to environmental pollutants, such as tropospheric ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM), which induce lung pathologies through similar mechanisms, resulting in altered redox homeostasis and inflammation. Although numerous studies have investigated the effects of these pollutants in the respiratory tract, there are only a few evidences that have evaluated the combined effects of outdoor stressors, despite the fact that humans are consistently exposed to more pollutants simultaneously. In this study, we wanted to investigate whether exposure to PM and O3 could have an additive, noxious effect in lung epithelial cells by measuring oxidative damage and the activity of redox-sensitive nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) which is a master regulator of cellular antioxidant defenses. First, we measured the cytotoxic effects of O3 and PM individually and in combination. We observed that both pollutants alone increased LDH release 24 h post-exposure. Interestingly, we did observe via TEM that combined exposure to O3 and PM resulted in increased cellular penetration of PM particles. Furthermore, we found that levels of 4-hydroxy-nonenal (4HNE), a marker of oxidative damage, significantly increased 24 h post-exposure, in response to the combined pollutants. In addition, we observed increased levels of Nrf2, in response to the combined pollutants vs. either pollutant, although this effect was not followed by the increase in Nrf2-responsive genes expression HO1, SOD1, GPX, or GR nor enzymatic activity. Despite these observations, our study suggests that O3 exposure facilitate the cellular penetration of the particles leading to an increased oxidative damage, and additive defensive response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Cervellati
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Animal Science Department, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Animal Science Department, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Anna Guiotto
- Animal Science Department, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
- Animal Science Department, NC Research Campus Kannapolis, Plants for Human Health Institute, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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21
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Pambianchi E, Ferrara F, Pecorelli A, Woodby B, Grace M, Therrien JP, Lila MA, Valacchi G. Blueberry Extracts as a Novel Approach to Prevent Ozone-Induced Cutaneous Inflammasome Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9571490. [PMID: 32855770 PMCID: PMC7443250 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9571490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization estimates that 7 million people die every year due to pollution exposure. Among the different pollutants to which living organism are exposed, ozone (O3) represents one of the most toxic, because its location which is the skin is one of the direct tissues exposed to the outdoor environment. Chronic exposure to outdoor stressors can alter cutaneous redox state resulting in the activation of inflammatory pathways. Recently, a new player in the inflammation mechanism was discovered: the multiprotein complex NLRP1 inflammasome, which has been shown to be also expressed in the skin. The topical application of natural compounds has been studied for the last 40 years as a possible approach to prevent and eventually cure skin conditions. Recently, the possibility to use blueberry (BB) extract to prevent pollution-induced skin toxicity has been of great interest in the cosmeceutical industry. In the present study, we analyzed the cutaneous protective effect of BB extract in several skin models (2D, 3D, and human skin explants). Specifically, we observed that in the different skin models used, BB extracts were able to enhance keratinocyte wound closure and normalize proliferation and migration responses previously altered by O3. In addition, pretreatment with BB extracts was able to prevent ozone-induced ROS production and inflammasome activation measured as NRLP1-ASC scaffold formation and also prevent the transcripts of key inflammasome players such as CASP1 and IL-18, suggesting that this approach as a possible new technology to prevent cutaneous pollution damage. Our data support the hypothesis that BB extracts can effectively reduce skin inflammation and be a possible new technology against cutaneous pollution-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
| | - Mary Grace
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
| | | | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Food Bioprocessing & Nutrition Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Animal Sciences Dept., NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC State University, 28081, NC, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ferrara F, Woodby B, Pecorelli A, Schiavone ML, Pambianchi E, Messano N, Therrien JP, Choudhary H, Valacchi G. Additive effect of combined pollutants to UV induced skin OxInflammation damage. Evaluating the protective topical application of a cosmeceutical mixture formulation. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101481. [PMID: 32336667 PMCID: PMC7327990 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the skin is one of the targets of the harmful effects of environmental insults, several studies have investigated the effects of outdoor stressors on cutaneous tissue. Ozone (O3), particulate matter (PM), and ultraviolet radiation (UV) have all been shown to induce skin damage through disruption of tissue redox homeostasis, resulting in the so called "OxInflammation" condition. However, few studies have explored whether these stressors can act synergistically in cutaneous tissues. In the present work, we evaluated whether O3, PM, and UV, which are the most common environmental skin insults, act synergistically in inducing skin damage, and whether this effect could be prevented through topical application of a cosmeceutical formulation mixture (CF Mix) containing 15% vitamin C (l-ascorbic acid), 1% vitamin E (α-tocopherol), and 0.5% ferulic acid. Human skin explants obtained from three different subjects were sequentially exposed to 200 mJ UV light, 0.25 ppm O3 for 2 h, and 30 min of diesel engine exhaust (DEE), alone or in combination for 4 days (time point D1 and D4). We observed a clear additive effect of O3 and DEE in combination with UV in increasing levels of several oxidative (4HNE, HO-1) and inflammatory (COX2, NF-κB) markers and loss of barrier-associated proteins, such as filaggrin and involucrin. Furthermore, daily topical pre-treatment with the CF Mix prevented upregulation of the inflammatory and oxidative markers and the loss of both involucrin and filaggrin. In conclusion, this study is the first to investigate the combined effects of three of the most harmful outdoor stressors on human skin and suggests that daily topical application may prevent pollution-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Maria Lucia Schiavone
- Department of Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Nicolo' Messano
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Therrien
- Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | | | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Plants for Human Health Institute Animal Science Dept. NC Research Campus Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Ferrara F, Pambianchi E, Pecorelli A, Woodby B, Messano N, Therrien JP, Lila MA, Valacchi G. Redox regulation of cutaneous inflammasome by ozone exposure. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:561-570. [PMID: 31778733 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several pollutants have been shown to affect skin physiology, among which ozone (O3) is one of the most toxic. Prolonged exposure to O3 leads to increased oxidative damage and cutaneous inflammation. The correlation between O3 exposure and inflammatory cutaneous conditions (atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne and eczema) has been already suggested, although the mechanism involved is still unclear. In the last few decades, a new multiprotein complex, the inflammasome, has been discovered and linked to tissue inflammation, including inflammatory skin conditions. The inflammasome activates inflammatory responses and contributes to the maturation of cytokines such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 18. This complex is also responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays a role in triggering the activation of the complex. On this basis it is possible hypothesize that the activation of the inflammasome could be the link between the inflammatory skin conditions associated to O3 exposure. In the present work, the ability of O3 to induce inflammasome activation was determined in different skin models, ranging from 2D (human keratinocytes) to 3D models in vitro and ex vivo. Results clearly showed that O3 exposure increased both transcript and protein levels of the main inflammasome complex, such as ASC and caspase-1. Furthermore, by using both immunofluorescence and an ASC oligomerization assay the formation of the complex was determined together with increased secreted levels of both IL-18 and IL-1β. Of note is that H2O2 and to a less extent 4HNE (both considered the main mediators of O3 interaction with cellular membranes) were also able to activate skin inflammasome while the use of catalase prevents the activation. This study demonstrated that O3 can activate cutaneous inflammasome in a redox dependent manner suggesting a possible role of this new pathway in pollution induced inflammatory skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrara
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA; Dept. of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Nicolo' Messano
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | | | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA; Dept. of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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24
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Fussell JC, Kelly FJ. Oxidative contribution of air pollution to extrinsic skin ageing. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 151:111-122. [PMID: 31874249 PMCID: PMC7322554 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
•Epidemiological evidence links exposure to poor air quality to lentigines and wrinkles. •Experimental studies provide mechanistic explanations involving oxidative stress. •Polluted air may hasten skin ageing through indirect systemic effects via the lung and/or direct effects on cutaneous tissue. •Prevention measures would need to combine strategies that target both ‘routes’. •Air pollution is one of several environmental stressors that combined, may have additive/synergistic effects on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Fussell
- NIHR Health Impact of Environmental Hazards HPRU, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Frank J Kelly
- NIHR Health Impact of Environmental Hazards HPRU, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
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25
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Su S, Ndiaye M, Singh CK, Ahmad N. Mitochondrial Sirtuins in Skin and Skin Cancers. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:973-980. [PMID: 32124989 DOI: 10.1111/php.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian sirtuins (SIRTs 1-7) are a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases with distinct subcellular localization and biological functions that regulate various important cellular processes. Among these, SIRTs -3, -4 and -5 are located in the mitochondria and have been implicated in caloric restriction, oxidative stress, aging and various human diseases. Emerging evidence has found dysregulation of mitochondrial sirtuins in multiple dermatological conditions, including responses to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), suggesting their importance in maintaining skin health. In this review, we discuss the roles and implications of mitochondrial sirtuins in cutaneous cellular processes, and their emerging potential as a target for the management of skin diseases, including skin cancer. Among mitochondrial sirtuins, SIRT3 is the most studied and linked to multiple skin conditions and diseases (keratinocyte differentiation, wound healing, chronological aging, UVR and ozone response, systemic sclerosis, melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)). SIRT4 has been connected to keratinocyte differentiation, chronological aging, UVR response, alopecia, BCC and SCC. Further, SIRT5 has been associated with keratinocyte differentiation, melanoma, BCC and SCC. Overall, while there is compelling evidence for the involvement of mitochondrial sirtuins in skin, additional detailed studies are needed to understand their exact roles in skin and skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqin Su
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Mary Ndiaye
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Chandra K Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.,William S. Middleton VA Medical Center, Madison, WI
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26
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Lim Y, Lee H, Woodby B, Valacchi G. Ozonated Oils and Cutaneous Wound Healing. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:2264-2278. [PMID: 31267858 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190702100504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wound tissue repair is a complex and dynamic process of restoring cellular structures and tissue layers. Improvement in this process is necessary to effectively treat several pathologies characterized by a chronic delayed wound closure, such as in diabetes, and the investigation of new approaches aimed to ameliorate the wound healing process is under continuous evolution. Recently, the usage of vegetable matrices in the form of ozonated oils has been proposed, and several researchers have shown positive effects on wound healing, due to the bactericidal, antiviral, and antifungal properties of these ozonated oils. In the present review, we intend to summarize the actual state of the art of the topical usage of ozonated oil in cutaneous wounds with special emphasis to the importance of the ozonated degree of the oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsook Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Heaji Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plant for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis Research Center, North Carolina State University, 28081, NC, United States
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.,Plant for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis Research Center, North Carolina State University, 28081, NC, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
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27
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Role of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Environmentally Induced Skin Aging and Skin Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236005. [PMID: 31795255 PMCID: PMC6928879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is constantly exposed to a variety of environmental threats, including solar electromagnetic radiation, microbes, airborne particulate matter, and chemicals. Acute exposure to these environmental factors results in the activation of different signaling pathways that orchestrate adaptive stress responses to maintain cell and tissue homeostasis. Chronic exposure of skin to these factors, however, may lead to the accumulation of damaged macromolecules and loss of cell and tissue integrity, which, over time, may facilitate aging processes and the development of aging-related malignancies. One transcription factor that is expressed in all cutaneous cells and activated by various environmental stressors, including dioxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and ultraviolet radiation, is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). By regulating keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, epidermal barrier function, melanogenesis, and immunity, a certain degree of AHR activity is critical to maintain skin integrity and to adapt to acute stress situations. In contrast, a chronic activation of cutaneous AHR signaling critically contributes to premature aging and the development of neoplasms by affecting metabolism, extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, pigmentation, DNA repair, and apoptosis. This article provides an overview of the detrimental effects associated with sustained AHR activity in chronically stressed skin and pinpoints AHR as a promising target for chemoprevention.
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28
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Parrado C, Mercado-Saenz S, Perez-Davo A, Gilaberte Y, Gonzalez S, Juarranz A. Environmental Stressors on Skin Aging. Mechanistic Insights. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:759. [PMID: 31354480 PMCID: PMC6629960 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the main barrier that protects us against environmental stressors (physical, chemical, and biological). These stressors, combined with internal factors, are responsible for cutaneous aging. Furthermore, they negatively affect the skin and increase the risk of cutaneous diseases, particularly skin cancer. This review addresses the impact of environmental stressors on skin aging, especially those related to general and specific external factors (lifestyle, occupation, pollutants, and light exposure). More specifically, we have evaluated ambient air pollution, household air pollutants from non-combustion sources, and exposure to light (ultraviolet radiation and blue and red light). We approach the molecular pathways involved in skin aging and pathology as a result of exposure to these external environmental stressors. Finally, we reflect on how components of environmental stress can interact with ultraviolet radiation to cause cell damage and the critical importance of knowing the mechanisms to develop new therapies to maintain the skin without damage in old age and to repair its diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepcion Parrado
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sivia Mercado-Saenz
- Department of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Salvador Gonzalez
- Medicine and Medical Specialties Department, Alcala University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles Juarranz
- Biology Department, Sciences School, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Pecorelli A, Woodby B, Prieux R, Valacchi G. Involvement of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in pollution-induced skin damage. Biofactors 2019; 45:536-547. [PMID: 31087730 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of environmental insults on human health are a major global concern. Some of the most noxious pollutants that humans are exposed to include ozone (O3 ), particulate matter (PM), and cigarette smoke (CS). Since the skin is the first line of defense against environmental insults, it is considered one of the main target organs for the harmful insults of air pollution. Thus, there is solid evidence that skin pathologies such as premature aging, atopic dermatitis (AD), and psoriasis are associated with pollutant exposure; all of these skin conditions are also associated with an altered redox status. Therefore, although the mechanisms of action and concentrations of O3 , PM, and CS that we are exposed to differ, exposure to all of these pollutants is associated with the development of similar skin conditions due to the fact that all of these pollutants alter redox homeostasis, increasing reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress. A main product of oxidative stress, induced by exposure to the aforementioned pollutants, is 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), which derives from the oxidation of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. HNE is a highly reactive compound that can form adducts with cellular proteins and even DNA; it is also an efficient cell signaling molecule able to regulate mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and the activity of redox-sensitive transcription factors such as Nrf2, AP1, and NFκB. Therefore, increased levels of HNE in the skin, in response to pollutants, likely accelerates skin aging and exacerbates existing skin inflammatory conditions; thus, targeting HNE formation could be an innovative cosmeceutical approach for topical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina
| | - Roxane Prieux
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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30
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Zou X, Xu M, Pan S, Gan L, Zhang S, Chen H, Liu D, Lu X, Ostrikov KK. Plasma Activated Oil: Fast Production, Reactivity, Stability, and Wound Healing Application. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:1611-1622. [PMID: 33405634 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The "third-generation" cooking oil based drug, named plasma activated oil (PAO), is produced in cheap olive oil by a single-step, room temperature, energy-efficient, and environment-friendly dry plasma-enabled process. The streamer-surface discharge generates abundant energetic species, atomic oxygen at the plasma-oil interface. The otherwise challenging dissociation of C═C double bonds by energetic species and oxidation by the plasma generated atomic oxygen is the key mechanism to produce the H2O2 active species and carboxylic acid in the PAO. It is shown that the peroxide value and acid value of PAO are 7.5 times and 57% higher than those of the traditional ozonated oil, respectively. Different from plasma activated water whose shelf life was less than 1 week, PAO could be stored at room temperature for at least 3 months, and a shelf life of up to 1 year is expected. We further reveal that the PAO can not only sterilize the wound, but also promote more release of growth factor such as VEGF and CD34; therefore, the wound healing of PAO is 28.5% faster than that of the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyun Zou
- State Key Lab of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, WuHan, HuBei 430074, China.,IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Maoyuan Xu
- State Key Lab of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, WuHan, HuBei 430074, China.,IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuhui Pan
- State Key Lab of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, WuHan, HuBei 430074, China.,IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- State Key Lab of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, WuHan, HuBei 430074, China.,IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinpei Lu
- State Key Lab of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, WuHan, HuBei 430074, China.,IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- Institute for Future Environments and Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Processes and Devices Laboratory, P.O. Box 218, Bradfield Road, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia
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31
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32
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Fuks KB, Woodby B, Valacchi G. Skin damage by tropospheric ozone. DER HAUTARZT 2019:10.1007/s00105-018-4319-y. [PMID: 30659334 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-018-4319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tropospheric (ground level) ozone (O3) is a secondary pollutant, emerging from other pollutants in the sunshine. Exposure to O3 correlates with higher pulmonary and cardiovascular mortality and affects reproductive health and the central nervous system acutely and chronically. Skin might be a potentially overlooked target organ of ambient O3. The experimental evidence suggests a positive correlation of O3 exposure with oxidative damage, impaired antioxidant defence and proinflammatory response in the skin. In time series studies it was observed that acute rises in O3 levels correlated with seeking medical help for skin conditions; however, whether these findings are specific to O3, is not yet clear. There is preliminary epidemiological evidence that long-term exposure to O3 is associated with premature skin aging. This finding was independent of co-exposure to other environmental factors affecting skin (e.g. ultraviolet radiation and air pollution). As concentrations of O3 are rising in many regions of the world, adverse cutaneous effects of O3 present a relevant public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Fuks
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - B Woodby
- Plant for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, 28081, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - G Valacchi
- Plant for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, 28081, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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33
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Sticozzi C, Pecorelli A, Romani A, Belmonte G, Cervellati F, Maioli E, Lila MA, Cervellati C, Valacchi G. Tropospheric ozone affects SRB1 levels via oxidative post-translational modifications in lung cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 126:287-295. [PMID: 30059777 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to air pollution is associated with increased respiratory morbidities and susceptibility to lung dysfunction. Ozone (O3) is commonly recognized as one of the most noxious air pollutant and has been associated with several lung pathologies. It has been demonstrated that decreased lung disorder severity and incidence are connected with the consumption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, suggesting that higher intake of dietary micronutrients and phytoactive compounds can be beneficial. However, dietary supplementation - i.e. vitamin E (α-tocopherol) or vitamin A - has not always been effective in improving pulmonary function. Recently, research on the role of nutritional antioxidants on human health has focused more on studying their uptake at the cellular level rather than their effective ability to scavenge reactvive oxygen species (ROS). The Scavenger Receptor B1 (SRB1) has been shown to play a prominent role in the uptake, delivery and regulation of vitamin E in the lung. Given the importance of SRB1 in maintaining lung tissue in a healthy condition, we hypothesize that its expression could be modulated by pollution exposure, which thus could indirectly affect the uptake and/or delivery of lipophilic substances, such as vitamin E. To characterize the molecular mechanism involved in the redox modulation of SRB1, its cellular levels were assessed in human alveolar epithelial cells after O3 exposure. The results demonstrated that O3 induced the loss of SRB1 protein levels. This decline seems to be driven by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a consequence of an increased activation of cellular NADPH oxidase (NOX), as demonstrated by the use of NOX inhibitors or catalase that reversed this effect. Furthermore, O3 caused the formation of SRB1-aldheyde adducts (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) and the consequent increase of its ubiquitination, a mechanism that could account for SRB1 protein loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sticozzi
- Dept. Life Science and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, 4121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- NC State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Arianna Romani
- Dept. Life Science and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, 4121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Dept. Life Science and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, 4121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Dept. Life Science and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, 4121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Maioli
- Dept of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- NC State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Dept of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Dept. Life Science and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, 4121 Ferrara, Italy; NC State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
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34
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McDaniel D, Farris P, Valacchi G. Atmospheric skin aging-Contributors and inhibitors. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018; 17:124-137. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David McDaniel
- McDaniel Laser and Cosmetic Center and McDaniel Institute of Anti-Aging Research; Virginia Beach VA USA
- Hampton University Skin of Color Research Institute; Hampton VA USA
- School of Science; Hampton University; Hampton VA USA
- Department of Biological Sciences; Old Dominion University; Norfolk VA USA
| | - Patricia Farris
- Department of Dermatology at Tulane University; New Orleans LA USA
- Old Metairie Dermatology; Metairie LA USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute; Department of Animal Sciences; NC State University; Kannapolis NC USA
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
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35
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Nuvolone D, Petri D, Voller F. The effects of ozone on human health. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:8074-8088. [PMID: 28547375 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Ozone is a highly reactive, oxidative gas associated with adverse health outcome, including mortality and morbidity. Data from monitoring sites worldwide show levels of ozone often exceeding EU legislation threshold and the more restrictive WHO guidelines for the protection of human health. Well-established evidence has been produced for short-term effects, especially on respiratory and cardiovascular systems, associated to ozone exposure. Less conclusive is the evidence for long-term effects, reporting suggestive associations with respiratory mortality, new-onset asthma in children and increased respiratory symptom effects in asthmatics. The growing epidemiological evidence and the increasing availability of routinely collected data on air pollutant concentrations and health statistics allow to produce robust estimates in health impact assessment routine. Most recent estimates indicate that in 2013 in EU-28, 16,000 premature deaths, equivalent to 192,000 years of life lost, are attributable to ozone exposure. Italy shows very high health impact estimates among EU countries, reporting 3380 premature deaths and 61 years of life lost (per 100,000 inhabitants) attributable to ozone exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Nuvolone
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, via Pietro Dazzi 1, Florence, Italy.
| | - Davide Petri
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, via Pietro Dazzi 1, Florence, Italy
| | - Fabio Voller
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, via Pietro Dazzi 1, Florence, Italy
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36
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Miller CN, Dye JA, Schladweiler MC, Richards JH, Ledbetter AD, Stewart E, Kodavanti UP. Acute inhalation of ozone induces DNA methylation of apelin in lungs of Long-Evans rats. Inhal Toxicol 2018; 30:178-186. [PMID: 29947284 PMCID: PMC6681647 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1483984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apelin has cardiopulmonary protective properties that promote vasodilation and maintenance of the endothelial barrier. While reductions in apelin have been identified as a contributor to various lung diseases, including pulmonary edema, its role in the effect of air pollutants has not been examined. Thus, in the current study, we sought to investigate if apelin is a downstream target of inhaled ozone and if such change in expression is related to altered DNA methylation in the lung. Male, Long-Evans rats were exposed to filtered air or 1.0 ppm ozone for 4 h. Ventilation changes were assessed using whole-body plethysmography immediately following exposure, and markers of pulmonary edema and inflammation were assessed in the bronchoaveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. The enzymatic regulators of DNA methylation were measured in the lung, along with methylation and hydroxymethylation of the apelin promoter. Data showed that ozone exposure was associated with increased enhanced pause and protein leakage in the BAL fluid. Ozone exposure reduced DNA cytosine-5-methyltransferase (DNMT) activity and Dnmt3a/b gene expression. Exposure-induced upregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, indicative of DNA damage, repair, and maintenance methylation. Increased methylation and reduced hydroxymethylation were measured on the apelin promoter. These epigenetic modifications accompanied ozone-induced reduction of apelin expression and development of pulmonary edema. In conclusion, epigenetic regulation, specifically increased methylation of the apelin promoter downstream of DNA damage, may lead to reductions in protective signaling of the apelinergic system, contributing to the pulmonary edema observed following the exposure to oxidant air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette N. Miller
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Janice A. Dye
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Mette C. Schladweiler
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Judy H. Richards
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Allen D. Ledbetter
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Erica Stewart
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Urmila P. Kodavanti
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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37
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Cosmetic Functional Ingredients from Botanical Sources for Anti-Pollution Skincare Products. COSMETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics5010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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38
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Kim YK, Koo SM, Kim K, Uh ST, Jang A, Park CS. Increased antioxidant activity after exposure of ozone in murine asthma model. Asia Pac Allergy 2017; 7:163-170. [PMID: 28765821 PMCID: PMC5537081 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2017.7.3.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ozone is well known as an important component of ambient air pollutants. Ozone can aggravate respiratory symptoms in patients with bronchial asthma, but, not in healthy person. We hypothesized asthma itself may show different response to ozone compared to nonasthma. Objective This study was performed to evaluate the differences of response to ozone between normal and asthmatic mice model in terms of status of oxidant injury and antioxidant activity. Methods Three parts per million of ozone was exposed to ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine asthma model for 3 hours at 3, 7, 14, 21 days after completion of asthma model. Airway responsiveness to methacholine was measured after completion of asthma model. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), protein extraction from lung for Western blot and immunohistochemistry of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and activity of glutathione were performed at before and each ozone exposure day. Results Airway hyper-responsiveness and increased eosinophils in BAL fluid were observed in asthma model. In asthma model, the expression of 4-HNE already more increased at baseline (without ozone) compared to those in sham model. This increased expression is more enhanced at 3 days after ozone exposure. The expression of PCNA was significantly increased in OVA-model compared to those in sham model. The expression of Nrf-2 was observed at baseline, and 3 and 7 days after exposure ozone in asthma model, but not in sham model. The activity of glutathione increased significantly after exposure of ozone, but not in sham model. Conclusion Murine asthma model has enhanced oxygen toxicity and antioxidant activity response to ozone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ki Kim
- Division of Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea
| | - So My Koo
- Division of Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea
| | - Kiup Kim
- Division of Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea
| | - Soo-Taek Uh
- Division of Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, Korea
| | - Ahnsoo Jang
- Division of Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Division of Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Korea
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Valacchi G, Pecorelli A, Belmonte G, Pambianchi E, Cervellati F, Lynch S, Krol Y, Oresajo C. Protective Effects of Topical Vitamin C Compound Mixtures against Ozone-Induced Damage in Human Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1373-1375. [PMID: 28219661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Animal Sciences, NC State University, NC Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Animal Sciences, NC State University, NC Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, AOUS, Viale M. Bracci, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Animal Sciences, NC State University, NC Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erika Pambianchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Animal Sciences, NC State University, NC Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Animal Sciences, NC State University, NC Research Campus, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen Lynch
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Clark, New Jersey, USA
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Canella R, Martini M, Borriello R, Cavicchio C, Muresan XM, Benedusi M, Cervellati F, Valacchi G. Modulation of Chloride Currents in Human Lung Epithelial Cells Exposed to Exogenous Oxidative Stress. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:1817-1825. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Canella
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Marta Martini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Roberta Borriello
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Carlotta Cavicchio
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Ximena M. Muresan
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; University of Ferrara; Ferrara Italy
- Department of Animal Science; North Carolina State University; PHHI NC Research Campus; Kannapolis North Carolina
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Li Q, Yang Y, Chen R, Kan H, Song W, Tan J, Xu F, Xu J. Ambient Air Pollution, Meteorological Factors and Outpatient Visits for Eczema in Shanghai, China: A Time-Series Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13111106. [PMID: 27834842 PMCID: PMC5129316 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13111106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Environmental irritants are important risk factors for skin diseases, but little is known about the influence of environmental factors on eczema incidence. In this time-series study, our objective was to examine the associations of environmental factors with outpatient visits for eczema. Daily outpatient visits between 2007 and 2011 (1826 days) were collected from Huashan Hospital in Shanghai, China. We used an overdispersed generalized additive model to investigate the short-term association between environmental factors and outpatient visits for eczema. Daily outpatient visits for eczema were significantly associated with air pollution and meteorological factors. For example, a 10 μg/m³ increase of 7-day (lag 06) average concentrations of PM10 (particulate matter no greater than 10 microns), SO₂, NO₂ was associated with 0.81% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.39%, 1.22%), 2.22% (95% CI: 1.27%, 3.16%) and 2.31% (95% CI: 1.17%, 3.45%) increase in outpatient visits for eczema, respectively. A 10 °C elevation of temperature on lag 0 day were associated with 8.44% (95% CI: 4.66%, 12.22%) increase in eczema visits, whereas 10 unit decrease of 7-day average relative humidity were associated with 10.86% (95% CI: 8.83%, 12.89%) increase in eczema visits. This study provided clear evidence of ambient air pollution, high temperature and low relative humidity on increasing the incidence of eczema in Shanghai, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Yingying Yang
- Department of Women's and Children's Health Care, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China.
| | - Renjie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Haidong Kan
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Weimin Song
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Jianguo Tan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorological and Health, Shanghai 200135, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
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42
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Kodavanti UP, Ledbetter AD, Thomas RF, Richards JE, Ward WO, Schladweiler MC, Costa DL. Variability in ozone-induced pulmonary injury and inflammation in healthy and cardiovascular-compromised rat models. Inhal Toxicol 2016; 27 Suppl 1:39-53. [PMID: 26667330 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2014.954169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The molecular bases for variability in air pollutant-induced pulmonary injury due to underlying cardiovascular (CVD) and/or metabolic diseases are unknown. We hypothesized that healthy and genetic CVD-prone rat models will exhibit exacerbated response to acute ozone exposure dependent on the type and severity of disease. Healthy male 12-14-week-old Wistar Kyoto (WKY), Wistar (WS) and Sprague Dawley (SD); and CVD-compromised spontaneously hypertensive (SH), Fawn-Hooded hypertensive (FHH), stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHSP), obese spontaneously hypertensive heart failure (SHHF) and obese JCR (JCR) rats were exposed to 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm ozone for 4 h; pulmonary injury and inflammation were analyzed immediately following (0-h) or 20-h later. Baseline bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein was higher in CVD strains except for FHH when compared to healthy. Ozone-induced increases in protein and inflammation were concentration-dependent within each strain but the degree of response varied from strain to strain and with time. Among healthy rats, SD were least affected. Among CVD strains, lean rats were more susceptible to protein leakage from ozone than obese rats. Ozone caused least neutrophilic inflammation in SH and SHHF while SHSP and FHH were most affected. BALF neutrophils and protein were poorly correlated when considering the entire dataset (r = 0.55). The baseline and ozone-induced increases in cytokine mRNA varied markedly between strains and did not correlate with inflammation. These data illustrate that the degree of ozone-induced lung injury/inflammation response is likely influenced by both genetic and physiological factors that govern the nature of cardiovascular compromise in CVD models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - William O Ward
- b Research Cores Unit, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory , and
| | | | - Daniel L Costa
- c National Program for Air Climate and Energy Research, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
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Hansen JS, Nørgaard AW, Koponen IK, Sørli JB, Paidi MD, Hansen SWK, Clausen PA, Nielsen GD, Wolkoff P, Larsen ST. Limonene and its ozone-initiated reaction products attenuate allergic lung inflammation in mice. J Immunotoxicol 2016; 13:793-803. [DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2016.1195462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jitka S. Hansen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Asger W. Nørgaard
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ismo K. Koponen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorid B. Sørli
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maya D. Paidi
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren W. K. Hansen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Per Axel Clausen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gunnar D. Nielsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peder Wolkoff
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Thor Larsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Biçer Ş, Sayar İ, Gürsul C, Işık A, Aydın M, Peker K, Demiryilmaz İ. Use of Ozone to Treat Ileostomy Dermatitis in an Experimental Rat Model. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:757-65. [PMID: 26947591 PMCID: PMC4784547 DOI: 10.12659/msm.897696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dermatitis associated with ileostomy is an important problem that affects many people, especially children. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of ozone on dermatitis due to ileostomy, and to develop an alternative treatment option. Material/Methods A total of 28 rats were divided into 4 groups: control, ileostomy, ozone, and zinc oxide. Ileostomy was performed in all rats except the control group. After a 1-week waiting time, the ozone group was administered ozone therapy and the zinc oxide group was administered zinc oxide cream locally once a day for a total of 7 days. All rats were sacrificed at the end of this period. The efficacy of treatment was examined by biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical parameters. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (tGSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured from tissue. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were examined immunohistochemically. Results Dermatitis occurred pathologically in all rats that underwent ileostomy surgery. The lowest dermatitis score was in the ozone treatment group (p<0.05). Ileostomy dermatitis caused increased levels of MDA and TOS. Ozone treatment resulted in reduced MDA and TOS levels, while the levels of tGSH and TAC were increased (p<0.05). Both VEGF and PCNA immunostaining were augmented in the ozone treatment group (p<0.05). Conclusions Local ozone application may be a good alternative compared to the conventional treatment methods for the prevention of skin lesions that develop after ileostomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şenol Biçer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erzincan University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - İlyas Sayar
- Department of Pathology, Erzincan University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Cebrail Gürsul
- Department of Physiology, Erzincan University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Arda Işık
- Department of General Surgery, Erzincan University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Merve Aydın
- Department of Microbiology, Erzincan University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Kemal Peker
- Department of General Surgery, Erzincan University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - İsmail Demiryilmaz
- Department of General Surgery, Erzincan University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey
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45
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Ozone-induced damage in 3D-Skin Model is prevented by topical vitamin C and vitamin E compound mixtures application. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 82:209-12. [PMID: 26917348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Calderon I, Cohen M, Sagi-Dain L, Artzi O, Bejar J, Sagi S. The effect of ozonated sterile saline irrigation on the endometrium – A preliminary study. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2016; 36:635-40. [DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2015.1133579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Calderon
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bnai-Zion Medical Center and the B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, The Technion, Haifa, Israel,
| | - Max Cohen
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bnai-Zion Medical Center and the B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, The Technion, Haifa, Israel,
| | - Lena Sagi-Dain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel,
| | - Ofir Artzi
- Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Haifa, Israel, and
| | - Jacob Bejar
- Department of Pathology, Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shlomi Sagi
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bnai-Zion Medical Center and the B. Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, The Technion, Haifa, Israel,
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47
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Lunov O, Zablotskii V, Churpita O, Jäger A, Polívka L, Syková E, Terebova N, Kulikov A, Kubinová Š, Dejneka A. Towards the understanding of non-thermal air plasma action: effects on bacteria and fibroblasts. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02368a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma research has put a growing focus on the bacteria inactivation problem. Here we show how non-thermal plasma destroys Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and discuss the mechanisms of plasma bactericidal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Lunov
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Vitalii Zablotskii
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Olexander Churpita
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Ales Jäger
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Leoš Polívka
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Eva Syková
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Terebova
- St Petersburg State University of Information Technologies
- Mechanics and Optics
- St Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Andrei Kulikov
- St Petersburg State University of Information Technologies
- Mechanics and Optics
- St Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Šárka Kubinová
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague
- Czech Republic
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR
- Prague
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague
- Czech Republic
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48
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Valacchi G, Sticozzi C, Belmonte G, Cervellati F, Demaude J, Chen N, Krol Y, Oresajo C. Vitamin C Compound Mixtures Prevent Ozone-Induced Oxidative Damage in Human Keratinocytes as Initial Assessment of Pollution Protection. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131097. [PMID: 26270818 PMCID: PMC4536008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction One of the main functions of cutaneous tissues is to protect our body from the outdoor insults. Ozone (O3) is among the most toxic stressors to which we are continuously exposed and because of its critical location, the skin is one of the most susceptible tissues to the oxidative damaging effect of O3. O3 is not able to penetrate the skin, and although it is not a radical per se, the damage is mainly a consequence of its ability to induce oxidative stress via the formation of lipid peroxidation products. Aim of Study In this study we investigated the protective effect of defined “antioxidant” mixtures against O3 induced oxidative stress damage in human keratinocytes and understand their underlying mechanism of action. Results Results showed that the mixtures tested were able to protect human keratinocytes from O3-induced cytotoxicity, inhibition of cellular proliferation, decrease the formation of HNE protein adducts, ROS, and carbonyls levels. Furthermore, we have observed the decreased activation of the redox sensitive transcription factor NF-kB, which is involved in transcribing pro-inflammatory cytokines and therefore constitutes one of the main players associated with O3 induced skin inflammation. Cells exposed to O3 demonstrated a dose dependent increase in p65 subunit nuclear expression as a marker of NF-kB activation, while pre-treatment with the mixtures abolished NF-kB nuclear translocation. In addition, a significant activation of Nrf2 in keratinocytes treated with the mixtures was also observed. Conclusion Overall this study was able to demonstrate a protective effect of the tested compounds versus O3-induced cell damage in human keratinocytes. Pre-treatment with the tested compounds significantly reduced the oxidative damage induced by O3 exposure and this protective effect was correlated to the abolishment of NF-kB nuclear translocation, as well as activation of Nrf2 nuclear translocation activating the downstream defence enzymes involved in cellular detoxification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Food and Function, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Claudia Sticozzi
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Nannan Chen
- L’Oreal Research and Innovation, Clark, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Yevgeniy Krol
- Skinceuticals, Inc., New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Christian Oresajo
- L’Oreal Research and Innovation, Clark, New Jersey, United States of America
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49
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Kousha T, Valacchi G. The air quality health index and emergency department visits for urticaria in Windsor, Canada. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2015; 78:524-533. [PMID: 25849769 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2014.991053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ambient air pollution exposure has been associated with several health conditions, limited not only to respiratory and cardiovascular systems but also to cutaneous tissues. However, few epidemiological studies examined pollution exposure on skin problems. Basically, the common mechanism by which pollution may affect skin physiology is by induction of oxidative stress and inflammation. Urticaria is among the skin pathologies that have been associated with pollution. Based on the combined effects of three ambient air pollutants, ozone (O₃), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and fine particulate matter (PM) with a median aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM(2.5)), on mortality, the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) in Canada was developed. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of short-term changes in AQHI with emergency department (ED) visits for urticaria in Windsor-area hospitals in Canada. Diagnosed ED visits were retrieved from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS). A time-stratified case-crossover design was applied to 2905 ED visits (males = 1215; females = 1690) for urticaria from April 2004 through December 2010. Odds ratios (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for ED visits associated with increase by one unit of risk index were calculated employing conditional logistic regression. Positive and significant results were observed between AQHI levels and OR for ED visits for urticaria in Windsor for lags 2 and 3 days. A distributed lag nonlinear model technique was applied to daily counts of ED visits for lags 0 to 10 and significant results were obtained from lag 2 to lag 5 and for lag 9. These findings demonstrated associations between ambient air pollution and urticarial confirming that air pollution affects skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Termeh Kousha
- a Department of Mathematics and Statistics , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada
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50
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Gabehart K, Correll KA, Yang J, Collins ML, Loader JE, Leach S, White CW, Dakhama A. Transcriptome profiling of the newborn mouse lung response to acute ozone exposure. Toxicol Sci 2013; 138:175-90. [PMID: 24336422 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone pollution is associated with adverse effects on respiratory health in adults and children but its effects on the neonatal lung remain unknown. This study was carried out to define the effect of acute ozone exposure on the neonatal lung and to profile the transcriptome response. Newborn mice were exposed to ozone or filtered air for 3h. Total RNA was isolated from lung tissues at 6 and 24h after exposure and was subjected to microarray gene expression analysis. Compared to filtered air-exposed littermates, ozone-exposed newborn mice developed a small but significant neutrophilic airway response associated with increased CXCL1 and CXCL5 expression in the lung. Transcriptome analysis indicated that 455 genes were down-regulated and 166 genes were up-regulated by at least 1.5-fold at 6h post-ozone exposure (t-test, p < .05). At 24h, 543 genes were down-regulated and 323 genes were up-regulated in the lungs of ozone-exposed, compared to filtered air-exposed, newborn mice (t-test, p < .05). After controlling for false discovery rate, 50 genes were identified as significantly down-regulated and only a few (RORC, GRP, VREB3, and CYP2B6) were up-regulated at 24h post-ozone exposure (q < .05). Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that cell cycle-associated functions including cell division/proliferation were the most impacted pathways, which were negatively regulated by ozone exposure, an adverse effect that was associated with reduced bromo-deoxyuridine incorporation. These results demonstrate that acute ozone exposure alters cell proliferation in the developing neonatal lung through a global suppression of cell cycle function.
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