1
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Du J, Zhou W, Sun Z, Zhang W, Luo W, Liu S. Peroxiredoxin 1 promotes proliferation and inhibits differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells via AKT1 / NF-κB signaling pathway. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:403-411. [PMID: 38663496 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease worldwide. The decrease in bone mass is primarily accompanied by a decrease in the number and activity of osteoblasts. Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are proteins that detect extremely low peroxide levels and act as sensors that regulate oxidation signals, thereby regulating various cellular functions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of PRDX1 and estrogen on the biological behavior of osteoblasts, including their proliferation and differentiation. METHODS Ovariectomized (OVX) mice were used to establish a model of osteoporosis and perform morphological and immunohistochemical analyses. Prdx1 gene knockout and overexpression were performed in mouse MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts to assess proliferation and osteogenic differentiation using the cell counting kit-8, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting (WB), Alizarin Red S staining, etc. RESULTS: The OVX mice exhibited osteoporosis and PRDX1 expression increased. In vitro experiments showed that during the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts, PRDX1 expression decreased, while the expression of COL1 and RUNX2 increased. After Prdx1 knockout, the proliferation of osteoblasts decreased; expression of Runx2, ALP, and COL1 increased; and mineralization increased. However, after Prdx1 overexpression, osteoblast proliferation was enhanced, whereas osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were inhibited. Estrogen inhibits the H2O2-induced decrease in osteoblastic differentiation and increase in PRDX1 expression. WB revealed that when LY294002 inhibited the AKT signaling pathway, the levels of p-AKT1, p-P65, and PRDX1 protein in MC3T3-E1 cells decreased. However, when pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway, the expression of p-AKT1 and PRDX1 did not change except for a significant reduction of p-P65 expression. Furthermore, PDTC reversed the decreased expression of RUNX2, ALP, and COL1 caused by PRDX1 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS PRDX1 promotes the proliferation of osteoblasts and inhibits osteogenic differentiation. Estrogen regulated osteoblastic differentiation by affecting the expression of PRDX1 in osteoblasts, and the effect is related to the AKT1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Weilong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China; School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical, University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250024, Shandong, China.
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2
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Guan X, Ruan Y, Che X, Feng W. Dual role of PRDX1 in redox-regulation and tumorigenesis: Past and future. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:120-129. [PMID: 37977211 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumour cells often display an active metabolic profile, leading to the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species. As a member of the peroxidase family, peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) functions generally in protecting against cell damage caused by H2O2. Additionally, PRDX1 plays a role as a molecular chaperone in various malignant tumours, exhibiting either tumour-promoting or tumour-suppressing effects. Currently, PRDX1-targeting drugs have demonstrated in vitro anticancer effects, indicating the potential of PRDX1 as a molecular target. Here we discussed the diverse functions of PRDX1 in tumour biology and provided a comprehensive analysis of the therapeutic potential of targeting PRDX1 signalling across various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyin Ruan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxia Che
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weiwei Feng
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Zhong L, Fu T, Wang C, Qi X, Chan WY, Cai D, Zhao H. Developmental expression of peroxiredoxin gene family in early embryonic development of Xenopus tropicalis. Gene Expr Patterns 2023; 50:119345. [PMID: 37844856 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2023.119345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Peroxidase genes (Prdx) encode a family of antioxidant proteins, which can protect cells from oxidative damage by reducing various cellular peroxides. This study investigated the spatiotemporal expression patterns of gene members in this family during the early development of Xenopus tropicalis. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that all members of this gene family have a distinct temporal expression pattern during the early development of X. tropicalis embryos. Additionally, whole mount in situ hybridization revealed that individual prdx genes display differential expression patterns, with overlapping expression in lymphatic vessels, pronephros, proximal tubule, and branchial arches. This study provides a basis for further study of the function of the prdx gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linke Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chengdong Wang
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xufeng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dongqing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; International Base of Collaboration for Science and Technology (JNU), Ministry of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong-Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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4
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de Paula CP, de Oliveira da Silva JPM, Romanello KS, Bernardo VS, Torres FF, da Silva DGH, da Cunha AF. Peroxiredoxins in erythrocytes: far beyond the antioxidant role. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1335-1353. [PMID: 37728644 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The red blood cells (RBCs) are essential to transport oxygen (O2) and nutrients throughout the human body. Changes in the structure or functioning of the erythrocytes can lead to several deficiencies, such as hemolytic anemias, in which an increase in reactive oxidative species generation is involved in the pathophysiological process, playing a significant role in the severity of several clinical manifestations. There are important lines of defense against the damage caused by oxidizing molecules. Among the antioxidant molecules, the enzyme peroxiredoxin (Prx) has the higher decomposition power of hydrogen peroxide, especially in RBCs, standing out because of its abundance. This review aimed to present the recent findings that broke some paradigms regarding the three isoforms of Prxs found in RBC (Prx1, Prx2, and Prx6), showing that in addition to their antioxidant activity, these enzymes may have supplementary roles in transducing peroxide signals, as molecular chaperones, protecting from membrane damage, and maintenance of iron homeostasis, thus contributing to the overall survival of human RBCs, roles that seen to be disrupted in hemolytic anemia conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Peres de Paula
- Genetics and Evolution Department, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Exact and Technology Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
| | - João Pedro Maia de Oliveira da Silva
- Genetics and Evolution Department, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Evolutionary Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Karen Simone Romanello
- Genetics and Evolution Department, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Evolutionary Genetics and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Danilo Grünig Humberto da Silva
- Department of Biology, Paulista State University, São Paulo, Brazil
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus de Três Lagoas, Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Anderson Ferreira da Cunha
- Genetics and Evolution Department, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
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5
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Odnokoz O, Earland N, Badinloo M, Klichko VI, Benes J, Orr WC, Radyuk SN. Peroxiredoxins Play an Important Role in the Regulation of Immunity and Aging in Drosophila. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1616. [PMID: 37627611 PMCID: PMC10451867 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant immune responses and chronic inflammation can impose significant health risks and promote premature aging. Pro-inflammatory responses are largely mediated via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduction-oxidation reactions. A pivotal role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and the proper control of redox-sensitive signaling belongs to a family of antioxidant and redox-regulating thiol-related peroxidases designated as peroxiredoxins (Prx). Our recent studies in Drosophila have shown that Prxs play a critical role in aging and immunity. We identified two important 'hubs', the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, where extracellular and intracellular stress signals are transformed into pro-inflammatory responses that are modulated by the activity of the Prxs residing in these cellular organelles. Here, we found that mitochondrial Prx activity in the intestinal epithelium is required to prevent the development of intestinal barrier dysfunction, which can drive systemic inflammation and premature aging. Using a redox-negative mutant, we demonstrated that Prx acts in a redox-dependent manner in regulating the age-related immune response. The hyperactive immune response observed in flies under-expressing mitochondrial Prxs is due to a response to abiotic signals but not to changes in the bacterial content. This hyperactive response, but not reduced lifespan phenotype, can be rescued by the ER-localized Prx.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Svetlana N. Radyuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA; (O.O.); (N.E.); (M.B.); (V.I.K.); (J.B.); (W.C.O.)
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6
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Moretton A, Kourtis S, Gañez Zapater A, Calabrò C, Espinar Calvo ML, Fontaine F, Darai E, Abad Cortel E, Block S, Pascual‐Reguant L, Pardo‐Lorente N, Ghose R, Vander Heiden MG, Janic A, Müller AC, Loizou JI, Sdelci S. A metabolic map of the DNA damage response identifies PRDX1 in the control of nuclear ROS scavenging and aspartate availability. Mol Syst Biol 2023; 19:e11267. [PMID: 37259925 PMCID: PMC10333845 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202211267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
While cellular metabolism impacts the DNA damage response, a systematic understanding of the metabolic requirements that are crucial for DNA damage repair has yet to be achieved. Here, we investigate the metabolic enzymes and processes that are essential for the resolution of DNA damage. By integrating functional genomics with chromatin proteomics and metabolomics, we provide a detailed description of the interplay between cellular metabolism and the DNA damage response. Further analysis identified that Peroxiredoxin 1, PRDX1, contributes to the DNA damage repair. During the DNA damage response, PRDX1 translocates to the nucleus where it reduces DNA damage-induced nuclear reactive oxygen species. Moreover, PRDX1 loss lowers aspartate availability, which is required for the DNA damage-induced upregulation of de novo nucleotide synthesis. In the absence of PRDX1, cells accumulate replication stress and DNA damage, leading to proliferation defects that are exacerbated in the presence of etoposide, thus revealing a role for PRDX1 as a DNA damage surveillance factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Moretton
- Center for Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Savvas Kourtis
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | - Antoni Gañez Zapater
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | - Chiara Calabrò
- Center for Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Frédéric Fontaine
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Evangelia Darai
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | - Etna Abad Cortel
- Department of Medicine and Life SciencesUniversitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
| | - Samuel Block
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Laura Pascual‐Reguant
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | - Natalia Pardo‐Lorente
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ritobrata Ghose
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer ResearchMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA
- Department of BiologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA
- Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMAUSA
| | - Ana Janic
- Department of Medicine and Life SciencesUniversitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
| | - André C Müller
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Joanna I Loizou
- Center for Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Sara Sdelci
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
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7
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Liu Y, Wang P, Hu W, Chen D. New insights into the roles of peroxiredoxins in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114896. [PMID: 37210897 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Tumorigenesis and progression are accompanied by elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and adaptive elevation of antioxidant expression levels. Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are among the most important antioxidants and are widely distributed in a variety of cancers. PRDXs are involved in the regulation of a variety of tumor cell phenotypes, such as invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness. PRDXs are also associated with tumor cell resistance to cell death, such as apoptosis and ferroptosis. In addition, PRDXs are involved in the transduction of hypoxic signals in the TME and in the regulation of the function of other cellular components of the TME, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages. This implies that PRDXs are promising targets for cancer treatment. Of course, further studies are needed to realize the clinical application of targeting PRDXs. In this review, we highlight the role of PRDXs in cancer, summarizing the basic features of PRDXs, their association with tumorigenesis, their expression and function in cancer, and their relationship with cancer therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- First Department of Oncology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning, China
| | - Pu Wang
- Department of Emergency, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning, China
| | - Weina Hu
- Department of General Practice, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning, China.
| | - Da Chen
- Department of Emergency, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning, China.
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8
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CINAR G, AGBEKTAS T, HUSEYNZADA A, ALİYEVA G, AGHAYEV M, HASANOVA U, KAYA S, CHTITA S, Nour H, TAS A, SİLİG Y. EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL INSIGHTS ABOUT THE EFFECT OF SOME NEWLY DESIGNED AZOMETHINE GROUP-CONTAINED MACROHETEROCYCLES ON OXIDATIVE STRESS AND DNA REPAIR GENE PROFILES IN NEUROBLASTOMA CELL LINES. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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9
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Duncan RS, Keightley A, Lopez AA, Hall CW, Koulen P. Proteome changes in a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line during oxidative stress and following antioxidant treatment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1138519. [PMID: 37153596 PMCID: PMC10154683 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1138519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of blindness in the elderly. Oxidative stress contributes to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction and cell death thereby leading to AMD. Using improved RPE cell model systems, such as human telomerase transcriptase-overexpressing (hTERT) RPE cells (hTERT-RPE), pathophysiological changes in RPE during oxidative stress can be better understood. Using this model system, we identified changes in the expression of proteins involved in the cellular antioxidant responses after induction of oxidative stress. Some antioxidants such as vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols) are powerful antioxidants that can reduce oxidative damage in cells. Alpha-tocopherol (α-Toc or αT) and gamma-tocopherol (γ-Toc or γT) are well-studied tocopherols, but signaling mechanisms underlying their respective cytoprotective properties may be distinct. Here, we determined what effect oxidative stress, induced by extracellularly applied tBHP in the presence and absence of αT and/or γT, has on the expression of antioxidant proteins and related signaling networks. Using proteomics approaches, we identified differential protein expression in cellular antioxidant response pathways during oxidative stress and after tocopherol treatment. We identified three groups of proteins based on biochemical function: glutathione metabolism/transfer, peroxidases and redox-sensitive proteins involved in cytoprotective signaling. We found that oxidative stress and tocopherol treatment resulted in unique changes in these three groups of antioxidant proteins indicate that αT and γT independently and by themselves can induce the expression of antioxidant proteins in RPE cells. These results provide novel rationales for potential therapeutic strategies to protect RPE cells from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Scott Duncan
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Andrew Keightley
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Adam A. Lopez
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Conner W. Hall
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Peter Koulen
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Peter Koulen,
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10
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PRDX6 inhibits hepatic stellate cells activation and fibrosis via promoting MANF secretion. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113931. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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11
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Kim EK, Kim Y, Yang JY, Jang HH. Prx1 Regulates Thapsigargin-Mediated UPR Activation and Apoptosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2033. [PMID: 36360274 PMCID: PMC9689921 DOI: 10.3390/genes13112033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling via the accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins. ER stress leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are necessary to maintain redox homeostasis in the ER. Although peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1) is an antioxidant enzyme that regulates intracellular ROS levels, the link between Prx1 and ER stress remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of Prx1 in X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) activation, the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) pathway, and apoptosis in response to ER stress. We observed that Prx1 overexpression inhibited the nuclear localization of XBP-1 and the expression of XBP-1 target genes and CHOP after thapsigargin (Tg) treatment to induce ER stress. In addition, Prx1 inhibited apoptosis and ROS production during ER stress. The ROS scavenger inhibited ER stress-induced apoptosis but did not affect XBP-1 activation and CHOP expression. Therefore, the biological role of Prx1 in ER stress may have important implications for ER stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ho Hee Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
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12
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Haslem L, Hays JM, Hays FA. p66Shc in Cardiovascular Pathology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111855. [PMID: 35681549 PMCID: PMC9180016 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
p66Shc is a widely expressed protein that governs a variety of cardiovascular pathologies by generating, and exacerbating, pro-apoptotic ROS signals. Here, we review p66Shc’s connections to reactive oxygen species, expression, localization, and discuss p66Shc signaling and mitochondrial functions. Emphasis is placed on recent p66Shc mitochondrial function discoveries including structure/function relationships, ROS identity and regulation, mechanistic insights, and how p66Shc-cyt c interactions can influence p66Shc mitochondrial function. Based on recent findings, a new p66Shc mitochondrial function model is also put forth wherein p66Shc acts as a rheostat that can promote or antagonize apoptosis. A discussion of how the revised p66Shc model fits previous findings in p66Shc-mediated cardiovascular pathology follows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon Haslem
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.H.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Jennifer M. Hays
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.H.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Franklin A. Hays
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.H.); (J.M.H.)
- Stephenson Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Correspondence:
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13
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Peroxiredoxin 1 Controls Ovulation and Ovulated Cumulus-Oocyte Complex Activity through TLR4-Derived ERK1/2 Signaling in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179437. [PMID: 34502346 PMCID: PMC8430854 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are expressed in the ovary and during ovulation. PRDX1 activity related to the immuno-like response during ovulation is unknown. We investigated the roles of Prdx1 on TLR4 and ERK1/2 signaling from the ovulated cumulus–oocyte complex (COC) using Prdx1-knockout (K/O) and wild-type (WT) mice. Ovulated COCs were collected 12 and 16 h after pregnant mare serum gonadotropin/hCG injection. PRDX1 protein expression and COC secretion factors (Il-6, Tnfaip6, and Ptgs2) increased 16 h after ovulated COCs of the WT mice were obtained. We treated the ovulated COCs in mice with LPS (0.5 μg/mL) or hyaluronidase (Hya) (10 units/mL) to induce TLR4 activity. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), cumulus cell apoptosis, PRDX1, TLR4/P38/ERK1/2 protein expression, and COC secretion factors’ mRNA levels increased in LPS- and Hya-treated COCs. The ERK inhibitor (U0126) and Prdx1 siRNA affected TLR4/ERK1/2 expression. The number and cumulus expansion of ovulated COCs by ROS were impaired in Prdx1 K/O mice but not in WT ones. Prdx1 gene deletion induced TLR4/P38/ERK1/2 expression and cumulus expansion genes. These results show the controlling roles of PRDX1 for TLR4/P38/ERK1/2 signaling activity in ovulated mice and the interlink of COCs with ovulation.
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Madusanka RK, Tharuka MDN, Madhuranga WSP, Lee S, Lee J. Transcriptional modifications and the cytoprotective, DNA protective, and wound healing effects of peroxiredoxin-1 from Sebastes schlegelii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 107:73-83. [PMID: 33031901 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins are a group of thiol-specific antioxidant proteins that take six isoforms in vertebrates and allow the innate immune system to sense and detoxify reactive oxygen species. In this study, we identified and characterized the perxiredoxin-1 (SsPrdx1) cDNA sequence from the rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii. In silico analysis revealed that SsPrdx1 contained a 594 bp long open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 198 amino acids, with a predicted molecular weight and theoretical isoelectric point of 21.97 kDa and 6.30, respectively. The SsPrdx1 gene comprised six exons linked by five introns, while peroxiredoxin signature motifs were found in the highly conserved third, fourth, and fifth exons. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignment suggested that SsPrdx1 is evolutionarily conserved and that its most closely related counterpart is Salarias fasciatus. Recombinant SsPrdx1 (rSsPrdx1) displayed supercoiled DNA protection and insulin disulfide reduction activities in a concentration-dependent manner, while cells transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1 (+)/SsPrdx1 exhibited significant cytoprotective effects under oxidative stress and wound healing activity. SsPrdx1 transcripts were constitutively expressed under normal physiological conditions, with the highest expression observed in the blood. Moreover, SsPrdx1 expression increased in the blood, spleen, and liver following immune provocation by LPS, poly I:C, and Streptococcus iniae injection. Thus, this study provides insights into the role of SsPrdx1 in rockfish immune protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajamanthrilage Kasun Madusanka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - M D Neranjan Tharuka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - W S P Madhuranga
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongdo Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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Cui S, Wang C, Bai W, Li J, Pan Y, Huang X, Yang H, Feng Z, Xiang Q, Fei L, Zheng L, Huang J, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Chen Y. CD1d1 intrinsic signaling in macrophages controls NLRP3 inflammasome expression during inflammation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/43/eaaz7290. [PMID: 33087357 PMCID: PMC7577718 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz7290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of immune responses in the gut often associates with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Mouse CD1d1, an ortholog of human CD1d mainly participating in lipid-antigen presentation to NKT cells, is able to generate intrinsic signals upon stimulation. Mice with macrophage-specific CD1d1 deficiency (LymCD1d1-/- ) acquire resistance to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, attributing to the transcriptional inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome components. The hyperactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome accounts for gut epithelial proliferation and intestine-blood barrier integrity. Mechanistically, occupancy by the natural ligand glycosphingolipid iGb3, CD1d1 responds with intracellular Ser330 dephosphorylation thus to reduce the Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1)-associated AKT-STAT1 phosphorylation and subsequent NF-κB activation, eventually causing transcriptional down-regulation of Nlrp3 and its immediate substrates Il1b and Il18 in macrophages. Therefore, the counterbalancing role of CD1d1 in macrophages appears to determine severity of DSS-mediated colitis in mice. These findings propose new intervention strategies for treating IBD and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Cui
- Yanbian University Hospital, Yanbian University, Jilin Province 133000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenhui Wang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhi Bai
- Department of Emergency, Chongqing University Center Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Li
- School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Jilin Province 133000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Pan
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Huang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Yang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqing Feng
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Xiang
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Fei
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Zheng
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Emergency, Chongqing University Center Hospital, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinggao Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Jilin Province 133000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongwen Chen
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Y, Zhou X, Hu N, Wang C, Zhao L. P311 regulates distal lung development via its interaction with several binding proteins. Mech Dev 2020; 163:103633. [PMID: 32682987 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2020.103633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying alveolar development. P311, a putative neuronal protein originally identified for its high expression during neuronal development, has once been reported to play a potential role in distal lung generation. However, the function of this protein has been poorly understood so far. Hence, we carried out a yeast two-hybrid screen, combining with other protein-protein interaction experiments, to isolate several binding partners of P311 during lung development, which may help us explore its function. We report 7 proteins here, including Gal-1, Loxl-1 and SPARC, etc, that can interact with it. Most of them have similar spatio-temporal expression patterns to P311. In addition, it was also found that P311 could stimulate their expression indirectly in L929 mouse fibroblast. Besides, computational methods were applied to construct a P311 centered protein-protein interaction network during alveolarization, using the 7 binding partners and their protein interaction information provided by public data resources. By analyzing the structure and function of this network, the effects of P311 on lung development were further clarified and all of the bioinformatic predictions from the network could be validated by real experiments. We have found here that P311 can control lung redox events, extracellular matrix and cell cycle progression, which are all crucial to pulmonary morphogenesis. This gives us a novel thought to explore the mechanisms controlling alveolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xiaohai Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Naiyue Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Nazri HM, Imran M, Fischer R, Heilig R, Manek S, Dragovic RA, Kessler BM, Zondervan KT, Tapmeier TT, Becker CM. Characterization of exosomes in peritoneal fluid of endometriosis patients. Fertil Steril 2020; 113:364-373.e2. [PMID: 32106990 PMCID: PMC7057257 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the feasibility of studying exosomes directly from peritoneal fluid, we isolated exosomes from endometriosis patient samples and from controls, and characterized their cargo. DESIGN Case-control experimental study. SETTING Academic clinical center. PATIENT (S) Women with and without endometriosis who underwent laparoscopic surgery (n = 28 in total). INTERVENTION (S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE (S) Concentration of exosomes within peritoneal fluid and protein content of the isolated exosomes. RESULT (S) Peritoneal fluid samples were pooled according to the cycle phase and disease stage to form six experimental groups, from which the exosomes were isolated. Exosomes were successfully isolated from peritoneal fluid in all the study groups. The concentration varied with cycle phase and disease stage. Proteomic analysis showed specific proteins in the exosomes derived from endometriosis patients that were absent in the controls. Five proteins were found exclusively in the endometriosis groups: PRDX1, H2A type 2-C, ANXA2, ITIH4, and the tubulin α-chain. CONCLUSION (S) Exosomes are present in peritoneal fluid. The characterization of endometriosis-specific exosomes opens up new avenues for the diagnosis and investigation of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Nazri
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Imran
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Raphael Heilig
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjiv Manek
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca A Dragovic
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Benedikt M Kessler
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Krina T Zondervan
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas T Tapmeier
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Christian M Becker
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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18
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Kim EK, Lee SY, Kim Y, Ahn SM, Jang HH. Peroxiredoxin 1 post-transcriptionally regulates snoRNA expression. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:1-9. [PMID: 31158443 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1) is a member of the Prx family that detoxifies various peroxide substrates through conserved catalytic cysteine residues with the use of reducing equivalents. In addition to this well-known role of Prx1, we have previously demonstrated that Prx1 also has RNA-binding properties, but its function as an RNA-binding protein (RBP) remains unknown. To characterize the role of Prx1 as an RBP, we pulled down Prx1-RNA complexes and sequenced the target RNAs of Prx1. Through sequencing and further validation studies, we revealed that Prx1 binds to a specific subset of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and regulates these molecules at the post-transcriptional level. We also found that active cysteine residues provide a structural and functional link between these two distinct functions of Prx1 (i.e., ROS scavenging and RNA-binding activities). Prx1 functions as a snoRNA-binding protein in its reduced state, and post-transcriptionally regulates the expression of a set of snoRNAs. However, when the active cysteine residues are oxidized, Prx1 loses its activity as a snoRNA-binding protein. This study is the first report describing the novel role of Prx1 as a post-transcriptional regulator of snoRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Lee
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yosup Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Ahn
- Department of Genome Medicine and Science, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho Hee Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.
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Chu SH, Liu L, Abbas MN, Li YY, Kausar S, Qian XY, Ye ZZ, Yu XM, Li XK, Liu M, Dai LS. Peroxiredoxin 6 modulates Toll signaling pathway and protects DNA damage against oxidative stress in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:170-178. [PMID: 30928663 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prx6) is an important member of the peroxiredoxin family that plays critical roles in protecting host against the toxicity of oxidative stress and participates in cell signaling. Herein, we report Prx6 gene from red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. The cDNA fragment of PcPrx6 was 660 bp, encoding a 219 amino acid residues protein. The quantitative real time PCR analysis showed ubiquitous expression of PcPrx6 mRNA in the tested tissues. The challenge with peptidoglycan and Poly I:C remarkably suppressed the mRNA level of PcPrx6 in hepatopancreas at 3, 12, 48 h compared with the PBS control. However, the expression level significantly increased after 36 h of their treatment. The knockdown of PcPrx6 by small interference RNA significantly enhanced the transcript levels of Toll pathway-responsive genes at 24 h. Recombinant PcPrx6 protein was purified using affinity chromatography and analyzed for its biological role. The results revealed that the recombinant PcPrx6 protein manifested the ability to protect supercoiled DNA damage from oxidative stress elicited by mixed function oxidative assay. Altogether, PcPrx6 may have multiple functional roles in the physiology of P. clarkii, since it negatively regulates the Toll signaling transduction and protects supercoiled DNA damage from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hui Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Li Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Yan-Yan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Saima Kausar
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Xing-Yi Qian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ze Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Xiao-Min Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Xiao-Kun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China.
| | - Min Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Li-Shang Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China.
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Peroxiredoxin 1, a Novel HBx-Interacting Protein, Interacts with Exosome Component 5 and Negatively Regulates Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Propagation through Degradation of HBV RNA. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.02203-18. [PMID: 30567989 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02203-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for the development of chronic liver diseases, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A growing body of evidence suggests that HBV X protein (HBx) plays a crucial role in viral replication and HCC development. Here, we identified peroxiredoxin 1 (Prdx1), a cellular hydrogen peroxide scavenger, as a novel HBx-interacting protein. Coimmunoprecipitation analysis coupled with site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the region from amino acids 17 to 20 of the HBx, particularly HBx Cys17, is responsible for the interaction with Prdx1. Knockdown of Prdx1 by siRNA significantly increased the levels of intracellular HBV RNA, HBV antigens, and extracellular HBV DNA, whereas knockdown of Prdx1 did not increase the activities of HBV core, enhancer I (Enh1)/X, preS1, and preS2/S promoters. Kinetic analysis of HBV RNA showed that knockdown of Prdx1 inhibited HBV RNA decay, suggesting that Prdx1 reduces HBV RNA levels posttranscriptionally. The RNA coimmunoprecipitation assay revealed that Prdx1 interacted with HBV RNA. The exosome component 5 (Exosc5), a member of the RNA exosome complexes, was coimmunoprecipitated with Prdx1, suggesting its role in regulation of HBV RNA stability. Taken together, these results suggest that Prdx1 and Exosc5 play crucial roles in host defense mechanisms against HBV infection.IMPORTANCE Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health problem. HBx plays important roles in HBV replication and viral carcinogenesis through its interaction with host factors. In this study, we identified Prdx1 as a novel HBx-binding protein. We provide evidence suggesting that Prdx1 promotes HBV RNA decay through interaction with HBV RNA and Exosc5, leading to downregulation of HBV RNA. These results suggest that Prdx1 negatively regulates HBV propagation. Our findings may shed new light on the roles of Prdx1 and Exosc5 in host defense mechanisms in HBV infection.
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Liu W, Guo W, Zhu Y, Peng S, Zheng W, Zhang C, Shao F, Zhu Y, Hang N, Kong L, Meng X, Xu Q, Sun Y. Targeting Peroxiredoxin 1 by a Curcumin Analogue, AI-44, Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sepsis in Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:2403-2413. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Sharapov MG, Fesenko EE, Novoselov VI. The Role of Peroxiredoxins in Various Diseases Caused by Oxidative Stress and the Prospects of Using Exogenous Peroxiredoxins. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350918040164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Detienne G, De Haes W, Mergan L, Edwards SL, Temmerman L, Van Bael S. Beyond ROS clearance: Peroxiredoxins in stress signaling and aging. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 44:33-48. [PMID: 29580920 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants were long predicted to have lifespan-promoting effects, but in general this prediction has not been well supported. While some antioxidants do seem to have a clear effect on longevity, this may not be primarily as a result of their role in the removal of reactive oxygen species, but rather mediated by other mechanisms such as the modulation of intracellular signaling. In this review we discuss peroxiredoxins, a class of proteinaceous antioxidants with redox signaling and chaperone functions, and their involvement in regulating longevity and stress resistance. Peroxiredoxins have a clear role in the regulation of lifespan and survival of many model organisms, including the mouse, Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. Recent research on peroxiredoxins - in these models and beyond - has revealed surprising new insights regarding the interplay between peroxiredoxins and longevity signaling, which will be discussed here in detail. As redox signaling is emerging as a potentially important player in the regulation of longevity and aging, increased knowledge of these fascinating antioxidants and their mode(s) of action is paramount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giel Detienne
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Wouter De Haes
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lucas Mergan
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Samantha L Edwards
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Liesbet Temmerman
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sven Van Bael
- Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Wang Y, Liu M, Yang P, Peng H. Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) Suppresses Progressions and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma and Fibrosarcoma of Bone. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4113-4120. [PMID: 29908016 PMCID: PMC6036963 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma are malignant tumors with poor prognosis. Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) is considered to prevent tumors in many malignances. However, few studies have focused on the functions of PRDX1 in osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS PRDX1 mRNA in tumors and adjacent tissues of 32 osteosarcoma patients and 16 fibrosarcoma patients was extracted and measured. Proliferation and invasion of MG63 and HT1080 cell lines after silencing or overexpressing PRDX1 were used to detect the role of PRDX1 in metastasis of osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma. RESULTS PRDX1 mRNA level was lower in tumor tissues than in adjacent tissues of osteosarcoma (F=50.105) and fibrosarcoma (F=28.472) patients, both significantly (P<0.05). Silencing PRDX1 promoted proliferation of MG63 and HT1080 cells, while overexpressing PRDX1 suppressed proliferation after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, compared to the control group, both significantly (P<0.05). Silencing PRDX1 increased invasive cells of MG63 (F=246.218) and HT1080 (F=245.602), while overexpressing PRDX1 decreased invasive cells of both, compared to the control, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS PRDX1 expression is low in osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma tumors. PRDX1 suppressed the progression and metastasis of osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Mingfa Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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Abstract
Many acute and chronic lung diseases could benefit from improved regeneration therapy. In development and throughout life, genetically encoded exposure memory systems allow environmental exposures, diet, and infectious agents to direct subsequent phenotypic adaptation and responses. The impact of such memory systems on lung regeneration is currently unknown. This article provides a brief overview of advances in redox biology and medicine as a framework for elucidating exposure memory and delineating spatiotemporal responses in lung regeneration. New imaging and omics methods enable precise definition to advance knowledge of development and the cumulative changes in lung biochemistry, structure, and cell populations occurring from prior and ongoing exposures. Importantly, conditioning steps may be needed to reverse exposure memory and enable effective regeneration. Thus, to complement developmental biology and regenerative medicine, research programs are needed to gain systematic knowledge of how lifelong exposures impact lung biology and support transition of lung regeneration from hypothetical to practical medicine.
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Identification of d-amino acid oxidase and propiverine interaction partners and their potential role in the propiverine-mediated nephropathy. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 281:69-80. [PMID: 29273565 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Propiverine, a frequently-prescribed pharmaceutical for the treatment of symptoms associated with overactive bladder syndrome, provoked massive intranuclear and cytosolic protein inclusions in rat proximal tubule epithelium, primarily consisting of the peroxisomal targeting signal 1 (PTS1) containing protein d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO). As this type of nephropathy was also observed for other drugs, the aim was to determine whether propiverine interferes with trafficking and/or import of peroxisomal proteins. To elucidate this, DAAO- and propiverine-specific interaction partners from human HEK293 and rat WKPT cell lines and rat kidney and liver homogenate were determined using co-immunoprecipitation with subsequent nano-ESI-LC-MS/MS analyses. Corroboration of the role of DAAO- and/or propiverine-specific interaction partners in the drug-induced DAAO accumulation was sought via specific immunofluorescence staining of rat kidney sections from control and propiverine-treated rats. Above analyses demonstrated the interaction of propiverine with several protein classes, foremost peroxisomal proteins (DAAO, MFE2, HAOX2) and proteins of the protein quality control system, i.e. chaperones (HSP70 and DnaJ co-chaperones), proteases and proteasomal proteins (regulatory subunits of the 26S proteasome; Rpn1/2). The immunofluorescence analysis revealed mislocalization of many PTS1-proteins (DAAO, CAT, MFE2, ACOX1, EHHADH) in rat renal sections, strongly suggesting that propiverine primarily binds to PTS1 proteins resulting in the formation of PTS1 but not PTS2 or peroxisomal membrane protein (PMP) accumulations. Moreover, chaperones involved in peroxisomal trafficking (HSC70, DnaJB1) and peroxisomal biogenesis factor proteins (PEX3, PEX5, PEX7), also presented with distinct mislocalization patterns. Concomitantly, an increased number of peroxisomes was observed, suggestive of a compensatory mechanism for the presumably suboptimally functioning peroxisomes. Overall, the data presented suggested that propiverine interacts exclusively with DAAO or with a selected number of PTS1 proteins. The consequence of this interaction is the abrogated trafficking and peroxisomal import of PTS1 proteins concomitant with their nuclear and cytosolic accumulation due to inhibited degradation and imbalanced protein homeostasis.
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Schultz MA, Diaz AM, Smite S, Lay AR, DeCant B, McKinney R, Mascarinas WE, Xia Y, Neumann C, Bentrem D, Dawson DW, Grippo PJ. Thioredoxin system-mediated regulation of mutant Kras associated pancreatic neoplasia and cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:92667-92681. [PMID: 29190947 PMCID: PMC5696213 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin-1 (Prdx1), a member of the thioredoxin (Txn) system, is overexpressed and correlates with poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients and can suppress Kras signaling through redox-mediated inhibition of ERK and AKT in lung and breast cancer. Its redox function is maintained by Txn and sulfiredoxin (Srxn), and its tumor promoting functions are activated by post-translational modification. We studied the role of the Txn system in pancreatic neoplasia and cancer by determining how it regulates the phosphorylation of Kras effectors and by determining its association with patient survival. We found that elevated Prdx1 nuclear localization significantly correlated with better patient survival. Our data also demonstrate that the expression of the Txn system is dysregulated, with elevated Prdx1 expression and significantly decreased Txn and Srxn expression in pancreatic lesions of targeted mutant Kras mouse models. This correlated with distinct differences in the interconversion of Prdx1 oligomers that affect its ability to regulate ERK and AKT phosphorylation. Our data also suggest that Prdx1 post-translational modification and oligomerization suppress Prdx1 mediated redox regulation of ERK phosphorylation. We observed distinct differences in Txn expression and in the ability of pTyr-Prdx1 to bind to pERK in a PanIN model of pancreatic neoplasia as compared to an IPMN model, indicating a distinct difference in the function of post-translationally modified Prdx1 in cells with less Txn expression. Modified Txn system function and post-translational regulation may therefore play a significant role in pancreatic tumorigenesis by altering Kras effector phosphorylation and inhibiting the tumor suppressive redox functions of Prdx1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Schultz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago IL 60612, USA.,Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrew M Diaz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago IL 60612, USA
| | - Sharon Smite
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago IL 60612, USA
| | - Anna R Lay
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brian DeCant
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago IL 60612, USA
| | - Ronald McKinney
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago IL 60612, USA
| | - Windel E Mascarinas
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611, USA
| | - Yinglin Xia
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago IL 60612, USA
| | - Carola Neumann
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh PA 15232, USA
| | - David Bentrem
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611, USA
| | - David W Dawson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Paul J Grippo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago IL 60612, USA.,Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL 60611, USA
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Topical application of ointment containing 0.5% green tea catechins suppresses tongue oxidative stress in 5-fluorouracil administered rats. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 82:247-255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Sies H. Hydrogen peroxide as a central redox signaling molecule in physiological oxidative stress: Oxidative eustress. Redox Biol 2017; 11:613-619. [PMID: 28110218 PMCID: PMC5256672 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1441] [Impact Index Per Article: 205.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide emerged as major redox metabolite operative in redox sensing, signaling and redox regulation. Generation, transport and capture of H2O2 in biological settings as well as their biological consequences can now be addressed. The present overview focuses on recent progress on metabolic sources and sinks of H2O2 and on the role of H2O2 in redox signaling under physiological conditions (1-10nM), denoted as oxidative eustress. Higher concentrations lead to adaptive stress responses via master switches such as Nrf2/Keap1 or NF-κB. Supraphysiological concentrations of H2O2 (>100nM) lead to damage of biomolecules, denoted as oxidative distress. Three questions are addressed: How can H2O2 be assayed in the biological setting? What are the metabolic sources and sinks of H2O2? What is the role of H2O2 in redox signaling and oxidative stress?
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Sies
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Research in Environmental Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Ovariectomy upregulated the expression of Peroxiredoxin 1 &5 in osteoblasts of mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35995. [PMID: 27786251 PMCID: PMC5081527 DOI: 10.1038/srep35995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin (PRX), a family of peroxidases, is associated with various biological processes such as the detoxification of oxidants and cell apoptosis. Besides, the anti-apoptosis effect of estrogen results partially from its anti-oxidant function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of PRXs in ovariectomy (OVX) mice and the related anti-oxidative mechanism of estrogen. Eight-week-old mice were subjected to ovariectomy. MC3T3-E1 cells were pretreatment with 17b-estradiol and N-acetyl cysteine followed by oxidative injury induced with H2O2. Western blot and real time-PCR were applied to clarify the expressions of PRX1 and caspase-3, with both wild-type and PRX1 knockout MC3T3-E1 cells generated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The results showed PRX1 and PRX5 were upregulated in osteoblasts in the proximal tibial metaphysis of ovariectomy mice. Interestingly, PRX1 and PRX5 showed different distribution patterns, with PRX1 mainly accumulated in cell nuclei and PRX5 in the cytoplasm. Gene expression analysis showed significantly reduced expressions of PRX1 and caspase-3 in the pretreatment groups when compared with cells treated with H2O2 alone. Also, a decrease of caspase-3 expressions was observed in PRX1 knockout MC3T3-E1 cells with or without H2O2 in comparison to wild-type cells. These findings suggested that PRX may play important roles in estrogen-deficient osteoporosis. (200 words).
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31
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Ding C, Fan X, Wu G. Peroxiredoxin 1 - an antioxidant enzyme in cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:193-202. [PMID: 27653015 PMCID: PMC5192802 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs), a ubiquitous family of redox‐regulating proteins, are reported of potential to eliminate various reactive oxygen species (ROS). As a major member of the antioxidant enzymes, PRDX1 can become easily over‐oxidized on its catalytically active cysteine induced by a variety of stimuli in vitro and in vivo. In nucleus, oligomeric PRDX1 directly associates with p53 or transcription factors such as c‐Myc, NF‐κB and AR, and thus affects their bioactivities upon gene regulation, which in turn induces or suppresses cell death. Additionally, PRDX1 in cytoplasm has anti‐apoptotic potential through direct or indirect interactions with several ROS‐dependent (redox regulation) effectors, including ASK1, p66Shc, GSTpi/JNK and c‐Abl kinase. PRDX1 is proven to be a versatile molecule regulating cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Recent studies have found that PRDX1 and/or PRDX1‐regulated ROS‐dependent signalling pathways play an important role in the progression and metastasis of human tumours, particularly in breast, oesophageal and lung cancers. In this paper, we review the structure, effector functions of PRDX1, its role in cancer and the pivotal role of ROS in anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbo Ding
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobo Fan
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqiu Wu
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Sueblinvong V, Mills ST, Neujahr DC, Go YM, Jones DP, Guidot DM. Nuclear Thioredoxin-1 Overexpression Attenuates Alcohol-Mediated Nrf2 Signaling and Lung Fibrosis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2016; 40:1846-56. [PMID: 27436123 PMCID: PMC5108489 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol abuse, which impairs antioxidant defenses and promotes acute lung injury, increases Nrf2 nuclear translocation but nevertheless inhibits its activation of the antioxidant response element (ARE). Thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) is required for optimal Nrf2 binding and activation of the ARE, and we hypothesized that its inhibition contributes to impaired Nrf2-ARE signaling in the alcoholic lung. METHODS Lung tissue and primary lung fibroblasts (PLFs) were isolated from C57/BL6 wild-type (WT) and transgenic mice overexpressing the human Trx1 gene with a nuclear localizing sequence (NLS-Tg); some mice consumed alcohol in water prior to lung tissue and PLF isolation; in some mice, acute lung injury was induced with intratracheal bleomycin. In other experiments, PLFs were isolated from WT and NLS-Tg mice and then exposed to alcohol. Finally, PLF isolated from WT mice were transfected with Trx1 expression vector containing either a cytosolic localized sequence (NES) or a nuclear localized sequence (NLS) prior to alcohol exposure. RESULTS Alcohol treatment in vivo or in vitro decreased Trx1 expression, and bleomycin-treated alcohol-fed mice had fibrotic disrepair in their lungs. In parallel, whereas alcohol exposure in vitro increased TGFβ1 expression and decreased Nrf2-ARE activity in PLF from WT mice, these effects were not observed in PLF from NLS-Tg mice. Finally, selective overexpression of Trx1 in the nucleus but not in the cytosol preserved Nrf2-ARE activity during alcohol exposure. CONCLUSIONS Although alcohol-induced redox stress actually promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation, the coincident suppression of Trx1 impairs Nrf2-ARE activity within the nuclear compartment. Nuclear overexpression of Trx1 restored Nrf2-ARE activity and attenuated alcohol-induced TGFβ1 expression and alcohol-induced exaggerate response to bleomycin-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viranuj Sueblinvong
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stephen T Mills
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David C Neujahr
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.,McKelvey Lung Transplant Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David M Guidot
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.,Atlanta VAMC, Decatur, Georgia
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33
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Peroxiredoxin 1 interacts with and blocks the redox factor APE1 from activating interleukin-8 expression. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29389. [PMID: 27388124 PMCID: PMC4937415 DOI: 10.1038/srep29389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
APE1 is an essential DNA repair protein that also possesses the ability to regulate transcription. It has a unique cysteine residue C65, which maintains the reduce state of several transcriptional activators such as NF-κB. How APE1 is being recruited to execute the various biological functions remains unknown. Herein, we show that APE1 interacts with a novel partner PRDX1, a peroxidase that can also prevent oxidative damage to proteins by serving as a chaperone. PRDX1 knockdown did not interfere with APE1 expression level or its DNA repair activities. However, PRDX1 knockdown greatly facilitates APE1 detection within the nucleus by indirect immunofluorescence analysis, even though APE1 level was unchanged. The loss of APE1 interaction with PRDX1 promotes APE1 redox function to activate binding of the transcription factor NF-κB onto the promoter of a target gene, the proinflammatory chemokine IL-8 involved in cancer invasion and metastasis, resulting in its upregulation. Depletion of APE1 blocked the upregulation of IL-8 in the PRDX1 knockdown cells. Our findings suggest that the interaction of PRDX1 with APE1 represents a novel anti-inflammatory function of PRDX1, whereby the association safeguards APE1 from reducing transcription factors and activating superfluous gene expression, which otherwise could trigger cancer invasion and metastasis.
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34
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Anwar S, Yanai T, Sakai H. Overexpression of Peroxiredoxin 6 Protects Neoplastic Cells against Apoptosis in Canine Haemangiosarcoma. J Comp Pathol 2016; 155:29-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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Fish Peroxiredoxins and Their Role in Immunity. BIOLOGY 2015; 4:860-80. [PMID: 26633533 PMCID: PMC4690020 DOI: 10.3390/biology4040860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a family of antioxidant enzymes that protect cells from oxidative damage. In addition, Prxs may act as modulators of inflammation, protect against cell death and tumour progression, and facilitate tissue repair after damage. The most studied roles of Prx1 and Prx2 are immunological. Here we present a review on the effects of some immunostimulant treatments and bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections on the expression of fish Prxs at the gene and/or protein level, and point to their important role in immunity. The Prxs show antioxidant activity as well as a protective effect against infection. Some preliminary data are presented about the role of fish Prx1 and Prx2 in virus resistance although further studies are needed before the role of fish Prx in immunity can be definitively defined.
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36
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Abstract
The cysteine (Cys) proteome is a major component of the adaptive interface between the genome and the exposome. The thiol moiety of Cys undergoes a range of biologic modifications enabling biological switching of structure and reactivity. These biological modifications include sulfenylation and disulfide formation, formation of higher oxidation states, S-nitrosylation, persulfidation, metalation, and other modifications. Extensive knowledge about these systems and their compartmentalization now provides a foundation to develop advanced integrative models of Cys proteome regulation. In particular, detailed understanding of redox signaling pathways and sensing networks is becoming available to allow the discrimination of network structures. This research focuses attention on the need for atlases of Cys modifications to develop systems biology models. Such atlases will be especially useful for integrative studies linking the Cys proteome to imaging and other omics platforms, providing a basis for improved redox-based therapeutics. Thus, a framework is emerging to place the Cys proteome as a complement to the quantitative proteome in the omics continuum connecting the genome to the exposome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Joshua D Chandler
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Proteomic analysis of mice fed methionine and choline deficient diet reveals marker proteins associated with steatohepatitis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120577. [PMID: 25849376 PMCID: PMC4388516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the progression of simple steatosis to steatohepatitis are yet to be elucidated. To identify the proteins involved in the development of liver tissue inflammation, we performed comparative proteomic analysis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Mice fed a methionine and choline deficient diet (MCD) developed hepatic steatosis characterized by increased free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride levels as well as alpha-SMA. Two-dimensional proteomic analysis revealed that the change from the normal diet to the MCD diet affected the expressions of 50 proteins. The most-pronounced changes were observed in the expression of proteins involved in Met metabolism and oxidative stress, most of which were significantly downregulated in NASH model animals. Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is the most interesting among the modulated proteins identified in this study. In particular, cross-regulated Prx1 and Prx6 are likely to participate in cellular defense against the development of hepatitis. Thus, these Prx isoforms may be a useful new marker for early stage steatohepatitis. Moreover, curcumin treatment results in alleviation of the severity of hepatic inflammation in steatohepatitis. Notably, curcumin administration in MCD-fed mice dramatically reduced CYP2E1 as well as Prx1 expression, while upregulating Prx6 expression. These findings suggest that curcumin may have a protective role against MCD fed-induced oxidative stress.
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Lugrin J, Rosenblatt-Velin N, Parapanov R, Liaudet L. The role of oxidative stress during inflammatory processes. Biol Chem 2014; 395:203-30. [PMID: 24127541 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2013-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 445] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The production of various reactive oxidant species in excess of endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms promotes the development of a state of oxidative stress, with significant biological consequences. In recent years, evidence has emerged that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development and perpetuation of inflammation, and thus contributes to the pathophysiology of a number of debilitating illnesses, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, or neurodegenerative processes. Oxidants affect all stages of the inflammatory response, including the release by damaged tissues of molecules acting as endogenous danger signals, their sensing by innate immune receptors from the Toll-like (TLRs) and the NOD-like (NLRs) families, and the activation of signaling pathways initiating the adaptive cellular response to such signals. In this article, after summarizing the basic aspects of redox biology and inflammation, we review in detail the current knowledge on the fundamental connections between oxidative stress and inflammatory processes, with a special emphasis on the danger molecule high-mobility group box-1, the TLRs, the NLRP-3 receptor, and the inflammasome, as well as the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB.
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39
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Zhang M, Hou M, Ge L, Miao C, Zhang J, Jing X, Shi N, Chen T, Tang X. Induction of peroxiredoxin 1 by hypoxia regulates heme oxygenase-1 via NF-κB in oral cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105994. [PMID: 25162226 PMCID: PMC4146557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1) has been observed in numerous cancers including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The precise molecular mechanism of up-regulation of Prx1 in carcinogenesis, however, is still poorly understood. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between Prx1 and hypoxia, and potential mechanism(s) of Prx1 in OSCC cell line SCC15 and xenograft model. We treated wild-type and Prx1 knockdown SCC15 cells with transient hypoxia followed by reoxygenation. We detected the condition of hypoxia, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression and/or activity of Prx1, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). We found that hypoxia induces ROS accumulation, up-regulates Prx1, increases NF-κB translocation and DNA binding activity, and down-regulates HO-1 in vitro. In Prx1 knockdown cells, the expression level of HO-1 was increased, while NFκB translocation and DNA binding activity were decreased after hypoxia or hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment. Moreover, we mimicked the dynamic oxygenation tumor microenvironment in xenograft model and assessed the above indices in tumors with the maximal diameter of 2 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm or 15 mm, respectively. Our data showed that tumor hypoxic condition and expression of Prx1 are significantly associated with tumor growth. The expression of HO-1 and NF-κB, and NF-κB DNA binding activity were significantly elevated in 15 mm tumors, and the level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was increased in 10 mm and 15 mm tumors, compared to those in size of 2 mm. The results from this study provide experimental evidence that overexpression of Prx1 is associated with hypoxia, and Prx1/NF-κB/HO-1 signaling pathway may be involved in oral carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Hou
- Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Ge
- Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Congcong Miao
- Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfei Zhang
- Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinying Jing
- Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ni Shi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Tong Chen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (XFT); (TC)
| | - Xiaofei Tang
- Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XFT); (TC)
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40
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Jiang L, Xiao X, Ren J, Tang Y, Weng H, Yang Q, Wu M, Tang W. Proteomic analysis of bladder cancer indicates Prx-I as a key molecule in BI-TK/GCV treatment system. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98764. [PMID: 24904997 PMCID: PMC4048271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to understand the molecular mechanisms of Bifidobacterium infantis thymidine kinase/nucleoside analogue ganciclovir (BI-TK/GCV) treatment system which was proven to exhibit sustainable anti-tumor growth activity and induce apoptosis in bladder cancer, a proteomic approach of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used. 192 down-regulated and 210 up-regulated proteins were identified after treatment with BI-TK/GCV system in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed that Peroxiredoxin-I (Prx-I) was significantly down-regulated in bladder cancer after treatment. Prx-I silencing by transfection of Prx-I shRNA significantly suppressed growth, promoted apoptosis and regulated the cell cycle in T24 cells and reduced the phospho-NF-κB p50 and p65 protein expression which revealed the links between Prx-I and NF-κB pathway implied by Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). These findings yield new insights into the therapy of bladder cancer, revealing Prx-I as a new therapeutic target and indicating BI-TK/GCV system as a prospective therapy by down-regulation of Prx-I through NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Ren
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - YongYong Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - HongQing Weng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - MingJun Wu
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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Lee YJ, Song DS, Yoo JS, Hyung KE, Lee MJ, Moon YH, Lee IH, Go BS, Park SY, Hwang KW. Protective functions of peroxiredoxin-1 against cytokine-induced MIN6 pancreatic β-cell line death. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:1037-43. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells play a crucial role in glucose homeostasis, and the failure of these cells to function results in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The MIN6 cell line, which closely resembles pancreatic β-cells, was used to unravel the relationship between pancreatic β-cell function and the antioxidant enzyme PRX-1. PRX-1 was knocked down in MIN6 cells using a shPRX-1 lentiviral construct, and a mixture of inflammatory cytokines was administered to challenge the MIN6 cells. Nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression were elevated in shPRX-1 compared with the control. Also, shPRX-1 transduced cells showed higher levels of NF-κB nuclear translocation, suggesting that PRX-1 has a regulatory role in NF-κB nuclear translocation and iNOS expression. In correlation with NO levels, decreased anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-xl level and elevated pro-apoptotic gene Bim levels were observed in shPRX-1 cells compared with scramble, and cell viability decreased accordingly. A rescue experiment was performed subsequently using an iNOS inhibitor to confirm NO as the cause of cell death. Overall, the results of this study suggest possible protective roles of the antioxidant enzyme PRX-1 in the insulinoma cell line MIN6 and possibly in pancreatic β-cells under T1D conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jung Lee
- Laboratory of Host Defense Modulation, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Sup Song
- Laboratory of Host Defense Modulation, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Yoo
- Laboratory of Host Defense Modulation, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Eun Hyung
- Laboratory of Host Defense Modulation, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ji Lee
- Laboratory of Host Defense Modulation, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-hye Moon
- Laboratory of Host Defense Modulation, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik Hee Lee
- Laboratory of Host Defense Modulation, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Sung Go
- Laboratory of Host Defense Modulation, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Park
- Pharmacognosy Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, San#29, Anseo-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Woo Hwang
- Laboratory of Host Defense Modulation, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
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Harris C, Shuster DZ, Roman Gomez R, Sant KE, Reed MS, Pohl J, Hansen JM. Inhibition of glutathione biosynthesis alters compartmental redox status and the thiol proteome in organogenesis-stage rat conceptuses. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 63:325-37. [PMID: 23736079 PMCID: PMC3764921 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Developmental signals that control growth and differentiation are regulated by environmental factors that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alter steady-state redox environments in tissues and fluids. Protein thiols are selectively oxidized and reduced in distinct spatial and temporal patterns in conjunction with changes in glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) and cysteine/cystine (Cys/CySS) redox potentials (E(h)) to regulate developmental signaling. The purpose of this study was to measure compartment-specific thiol redox status in cultured organogenesis-stage rat conceptuses and to evaluate the impact of thiol oxidation on the redox proteome. The visceral yolk sac (VYS) has the highest initial (0 h) total intracellular GSH (GSH+2GSSG) concentration (5.5 mM) and the lowest Eh (-223 mV) as determined by HPLC analysis. Total embryo (EMB) GSH concentrations ranged lower (3.2 mM) and were only slightly more oxidized than the VYS. Total GSH concentrations in yolk sac fluid (YSF) and amniotic fluid (AF) are >500-fold lower than in tissues and are highly oxidized (YSF E(h)=-121 mV and AF E(h)=-49 mV). Steady-state total Cys concentrations (Cys+2CySS) were significantly lower than GSH in tissues but were otherwise equal in VYS and EMB near 0.5 mM. On gestational day 11, total GSH and Cys concentrations in EMB and VYS increase significantly over the 6h time course while E(h) remains relatively constant. The Eh (GSH/GSSG) in YSF and AF become more reduced over time while E(h) (Cys/CySS) become more oxidized. Addition of L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine (BS0) to selectively inhibit GSH synthesis and mimic the effects of some GSH-depleting environmental chemicals significantly decreased VYS and EMB GSH and Cys concentrations and increased Eh over the 6h exposure period, showing a greater overall oxidation. In the YSF, BSO caused a significant increase in total Cys concentrations to 1.7 mM but did not significantly change the E(h) for Cys/CySS. A significant net oxidation was seen in the BSO-treated AF compartment after 6 h. Biotinylated iodoacetamide (BIAM) labeling of proteins revealed the significant thiol oxidation of many EMB proteins following BSO treatment. Quantitative changes in the thiol proteome, associated with developmentally relevant pathways, were detected using isotope coded affinity tag (ICAT) labeling and mass spectroscopy. Adaptive pathways were selectively enriched with increased concentrations of proteins involved in mRNA processing (splicesome) and mRNA stabilization (glycolysis, GAPDH), as well as protein synthesis (aminoacyl-tRNA) and protein folding (antigen processing, Hsp70, protein disulfide isomerase). These results show the ability of chemical and environmental modulators to selectively alter compartmental intracellular and extracellular GSH and Cys concentrations and change their corresponding E(h) within the intact viable conceptus. The altered E(h) were also of sufficient magnitude to alter the redox proteome and change relative protein concentrations, suggesting that the mechanistic links through which environmental factors inform and regulate developmental signaling pathways may be discovered using systems developmental biology techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Harris
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 1420 Washington Heights, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
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Proteomic profiling of rabbit embryonic stem cells derived from parthenotes and fertilized embryos. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67772. [PMID: 23861804 PMCID: PMC3701598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabbit embryonic stem (rES) cells can be derived from various sources of embryos. However, understanding of the gene expression profile, which distincts embryonic stem (ES) cells from other cell types, is still extremely limited. In this study, we compared the protein profiles of three independent lines of rabbit cells, i.e., fibroblasts, fertilized embryo-derived stem (f-rES) cells, and parthenote-derived ES (p-rES) cells. Proteomic analyses were performed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry. Collectively, the expression levels of 100 out of 284 protein spots differed significantly among these three cell types (p<0.05). Of those differentially expressed spots, 91% were identified in the protein database and represented 63 distinct proteins. Proteins with known identities are mainly localized in the cytoplasmic compartments (48%), nucleus (14%), and cytoskeletal machineries (13%). These proteins were majorly involved in biological functions of energy and metabolic pathways (25%), cell growth and maintenance (25%), signal transduction (14%), and protein metabolisms (10%). When protein expression levels among cell types were compared, six proteins associated with a variety of cellular activities, including structural constituents of the cytoskeleton (tubulins), structural molecule (KRT8), catalytic molecules (α-enolase), receptor complex scaffold (14-3-3 protein sigma), microfilament motor proteins (Myosin-9), and heat shock protein (HSP60), were found highly expressed in p-rES cells. Two proteins related to HSP activity and structural constituent of cytoskeleton in f-rES cells, and one structural molecule activity protein in fibroblasts showed significantly higher expression levels (p<0.05). Marker protein expressions in f-rES and p-rES cells were further confirmed by Western blotting and immunocytochemical staining. This study demonstrated unique proteomic profiles of the three rabbit cell types and revealed some novel proteins differentially expressed between f-rES and p-rES cells. These analyses provide insights into rES cell biology and would invite more in-depth studies toward rES cell applications.
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McConnachie LA, Botta D, White CC, Weldy CS, Wilkerson HW, Yu J, Dills R, Yu X, Griffith WC, Faustman EM, Farin FM, Gill SE, Parks WC, Hu X, Gao X, Eaton DL, Kavanagh TJ. The glutathione synthesis gene Gclm modulates amphiphilic polymer-coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dot-induced lung inflammation in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64165. [PMID: 23724032 PMCID: PMC3664581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are unique semi-conductor fluorescent nanoparticles with potential uses in a variety of biomedical applications. However, concerns exist regarding their potential toxicity, specifically their capacity to induce oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study we synthesized CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs with a tri-n-octylphosphine oxide, poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-tetradecene) (TOPO-PMAT) coating and assessed their effects on lung inflammation in mice. Previously published in vitro data demonstrated these TOPO-PMAT QDs cause oxidative stress resulting in increased expression of antioxidant proteins, including heme oxygenase, and the glutathione (GSH) synthesis enzyme glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL). We therefore investigated the effects of these QDs in vivo in mice deficient in GSH synthesis (Gclm +/− and Gclm −/− mice). When mice were exposed via nasal instillation to a TOPO-PMAT QD dose of 6 µg cadmium (Cd) equivalents/kg body weight, neutrophil counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) increased in both Gclm wild-type (+/+) and Gclm heterozygous (+/−) mice, whereas Gclm null (−/−) mice exhibited no such increase. Levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines KC and TNFα increased in BALF from Gclm +/+ and +/− mice, but not from Gclm −/− mice. Analysis of lung Cd levels suggested that QDs were cleared more readily from the lungs of Gclm −/− mice. There was no change in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in any of the mice. However, there was a decrease in whole lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) content in Gclm −/− mice, regardless of treatment, relative to untreated Gclm +/+ mice. We conclude that in mice TOPO-PMAT QDs have in vivo pro-inflammatory properties, and the inflammatory response is dependent on GSH synthesis status. Because there is a common polymorphism in humans that influences GCLM expression, these findings imply that humans with reduced GSH synthesis capabilities may be more susceptible to the pro-inflammatory effects of QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. McConnachie
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Dianne Botta
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Collin C. White
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Chad S. Weldy
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Hui-Wen Wilkerson
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jianbo Yu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Russell Dills
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Xiaozhong Yu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - William C. Griffith
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Elaine M. Faustman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Federico M. Farin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Sean E. Gill
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - William C. Parks
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Xiaoge Hu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Xiaohu Gao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - David L. Eaton
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Terrance J. Kavanagh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Go YM, Duong DM, Peng J, Jones DP. Protein Cysteines Map to Functional Networks According to Steady-state Level of Oxidation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 4:196-209. [PMID: 22605892 DOI: 10.4172/jpb.1000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The cysteine (Cys) proteome serves critical roles in protein structure, function and regulation, and includes key targets in oxidative mechanisms of disease. Thioredoxins maintain Cys residues in thiol forms, and previous research shows that the redox potential of thioredoxin in mitochondria and nuclei is more reduced than cytoplasm, suggesting that proteins in these compartments may have different steady-state oxidation. This study measured fractional oxidation of 641 peptidyl Cys residues from 333 proteins in HT29 cells by mass spectrometry. Average oxidation of cytoplasmic, nuclear and mitochondrial proteins was similar (15.8, 15.5, 14%, respectively). Pathway analysis showed that more reduced cytoplasmic Cys were in proteins associated with the cytoskeleton, more reduced nuclear Cys with Ran signaling and RNA post-transcriptional modifcation, and more reduced mitochondrial Cys with energy metabolism, cell growth and cell proliferation. More oxidized cytoplasmic Cys included associations with PI3/Akt, Myc-mediated apoptosis and 14-3-3-mediated signaling. Weaker associations of oxidized nuclear and mitochondrial Cys occurred with granzyme B signaling and intermediary metabolism, respectively. Thus, steady-state peptidyl Cys oxidation is associated with functional pathways rather than simply with organellar distribution. This suggests that oxidative mechanisms of disease could target functional pathways or networks rather than individual proteins or subcellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mi Go
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory Proteomics Service Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322 USA
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Hansen JM, Harris C. Redox control of teratogenesis. Reprod Toxicol 2013; 35:165-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Quantitative proteomic analysis of induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a human Huntington's disease patient. Biochem J 2012; 446:359-71. [PMID: 22694310 DOI: 10.1042/bj20111495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
HD (Huntington's disease) is a devastating neurodegenerative genetic disorder caused by abnormal expansion of CAG repeats in the HTT (huntingtin) gene. We have recently established two iPSC (induced pluripotent stem cell) lines derived from a HD patient carrying 72 CAG repeats (HD-iPSC). In order to understand the proteomic profiles of HD-iPSCs, we have performed comparative proteomic analysis among normal hESCs (human embryonic stem cells; H9), iPSCs (551-8) and HD-iPSCs at undifferentiated stages, and identified 26 up- and down-regulated proteins. Interestingly, these differentially expressed proteins are known to be involved in different biological processes, such as oxidative stress, programmed cell death and cellular oxygen-associated proteins. Among them, we found that oxidative stress-related proteins, such as SOD1 (superoxide dismutase 1) and Prx (peroxiredoxin) families are particularly affected in HD-iPSCs, implying that HD-iPSCs are highly susceptible to oxidative stress. We also found that BTF3 (basic transcription factor 3) is up-regulated in HD-iPSCs, which leads to the induction of ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated), followed by activation of the p53-mediated apoptotic pathway. In addition, we observed that the expression of cytoskeleton-associated proteins was significantly reduced in HD-iPSCs, implying that neuronal differentiation was also affected. Taken together, these results demonstrate that HD-iPSCs can provide a unique cellular disease model system to understand the pathogenesis and neurodegeneration mechanisms in HD, and the identified proteins from the present study may serve as potential targets for developing future HD therapeutics.
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Ishii T, Warabi E, Yanagawa T. Novel roles of peroxiredoxins in inflammation, cancer and innate immunity. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2012; 50:91-105. [PMID: 22448089 PMCID: PMC3303482 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.11-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins possess thioredoxin or glutathione peroxidase and chaperone-like activities and thereby protect cells from oxidative insults. Recent studies, however, reveal additional functions of peroxiredoxins in gene expression and inflammation-related biological reactions such as tissue repair, parasite infection and tumor progression. Notably, peroxiredoxin 1, the major mammalian peroxiredoxin family protein, directly interacts with transcription factors such as c-Myc and NF-κB in the nucleus. Additionally, peroxiredoxin 1 is secreted from some cells following stimulation with TGF-β and other cytokines and is thus present in plasma and body fluids. Peroxiredoxin 1 is now recognized as one of the pro-inflammatory factors interacting with toll-like receptor 4, which triggers NF-κB activation and other signaling pathways to evoke inflammatory reactions. Some cancer cells release peroxiredoxin 1 to stimulate toll-like receptor 4-mediated signaling for their progression. Interestingly, peroxiredoxins expressed in protozoa and helminth may modulate host immune responses partly through toll-like receptor 4 for their survival and progression in host. Extracellular peroxiredoxin 1 and peroxiredoxin 2 are known to enhance natural killer cell activity and suppress virus-replication in cells. Peroxiredoxin 1-deficient mice show reduced antioxidant activities but also exhibit restrained tissue inflammatory reactions under some patho-physiological conditions. Novel functions of peroxiredoxins in inflammation, cancer and innate immunity are the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Ishii
- Majors of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
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Reales-Calderón JA, Martínez-Solano L, Martínez-Gomariz M, Nombela C, Molero G, Gil C. Sub-proteomic study on macrophage response to Candida albicans unravels new proteins involved in the host defense against the fungus. J Proteomics 2012; 75:4734-46. [PMID: 22342486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In previous proteomic studies on the response of murine macrophages against Candida albicans, many differentially expressed proteins involved in processes like inflammation, cytoskeletal rearrangement, stress response and metabolism were identified. In order to look for proteins important for the macrophage response, but in a lower concentration in the cell, 3 sub-cellular extracts were analyzed: cytosol, organelle/membrane and nucleus enriched fractions from RAW 264.7 macrophages exposed or not to C. albicans SC5314 for 3 h. The samples were studied using DIGE technology, and 17 new differentially expressed proteins were identified. This sub-cellular fractionation permitted the identification of 2 mitochondrion proteins, a membrane receptor, Galectin-3, and some ER related proteins, that are not easily detected in total cell extracts. Besides, the study of different fractions allowed us to detect, not only total increase in Galectin-3 protein amount, but its distinct allocation along the interaction. The identified proteins are involved in the pro-inflammatory and oxidative responses, immune response, unfolded protein response and apoptosis. Some of these processes increase the host response and others could be the effect of C. albicans resistance to phagocytosis. Thus, the sub-proteomic approach has been a very useful tool to identify new proteins involved in macrophage-fungus interaction. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Translational Proteomics.
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50
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Hamilton RT, Walsh ME, Van Remmen H. Mouse Models of Oxidative Stress Indicate a Role for Modulating Healthy Aging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; Suppl 4. [PMID: 25300955 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0681.s4-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process that affects every major system at the molecular, cellular and organ levels. Although the exact cause of aging is unknown, there is significant evidence that oxidative stress plays a major role in the aging process. The basis of the oxidative stress hypothesis is that aging occurs as a result of an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, which leads to the accrual of damaged proteins, lipids and DNA macromolecules with age. Age-dependent increases in protein oxidation and aggregates, lipofuscin, and DNA mutations contribute to age-related pathologies. Many transgenic/knockout mouse models over expressing or deficient in key antioxidant enzymes have been generated to examine the effect of oxidative stress on aging and age-related diseases. Based on currently reported lifespan studies using mice with altered antioxidant defense, there is little evidence that oxidative stress plays a role in determining lifespan. However, mice deficient in antioxidant enzymes are often more susceptible to age-related disease while mice overexpressing antioxidant enzymes often have an increase in the amount of time spent without disease, i.e., healthspan. Thus, by understanding the mechanisms that affect healthy aging, we may discover potential therapeutic targets to extend human healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T Hamilton
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA ; Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
| | - Michael E Walsh
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA ; Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA ; GRECC, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
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