1
|
Tang X, Zhou B, Su Z, Wu R, Qiu X, Liu L. A cyanine based fluorescent probe for detecting hypochlorite in vitro and in vivo. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 322:124826. [PMID: 39029199 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Hypochlorite (ClO-) is recognized as a bioactive substance that plays a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes. The increase of ClO- content in cells is a key factor in the early atherosclerosis lesions, which are closely linked to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, the development of an efficient and sensitive method for detecting hypochlorite in tap water, serum, and living cells, including animal model in vivo is of paramount importance. In this study, a novel fluorescent probe (Cy-F) based on the cyanine group was designed for the specific detection of ClO-, demonstrating exceptional selectivity, high sensitivity, and rapid response. The probe successfully detected ClO- in tap water and serum with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.93 × 10-7 M, showcasing excellent anti-interference capabilities. Notably, the probe exhibited good biocompatibility, low biological toxicity, and proved effective for detecting and analyzing ClO- in live cells and zebrafish. This newly developed probe offers a promising approach and valuable tool for detecting ClO- with biosafety considerations, paving the way for the design of functional probes tailored for future biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Tang
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Boxin Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhen Su
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xuchun Qiu
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maiti A, Manna SK, Halder S, Ganguly R, Karak A, Ghosh P, Jana K, Mahapatra AK. Near-Infrared Fluorescent Turn-On Probe for Selective Detection of Hypochlorite in Aqueous Medium and Live Cell Imaging. Chem Res Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 39287930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Hypochlorite, as an important reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays a vital role in many physiological and pathological processes, but an excess concentration of hypochlorite (ClO-) may become toxic to humans and cause disease. Hence, the selective and rapid detection of hypochlorite (ClO-) is necessary for human safety. Here, we report a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence "turn-on" and highly selective benzophenoxazinium chloride-based fluorescent probe, BPH (benzophenoxazinium dihydroxy benzaldehyde), for hypochlorite detection. Due to hypochlorite-induced vicinal diol oxidation to the corresponding ortho benzoquinone derivative, the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process, which was operating from vicinal diol to the benzophenoxazinium chloride receptor moiety, was suddenly inhibited, as a result of which strong NIR fluorescence "turn-on" emission was observed. The detection limit of BPH was found to be 2.39 × 10-10 M, or 0.23 nM. BPH was successfully applied for exogenous and endogenous hypochlorite detection in live MDA-MB 231 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Maiti
- Molecular Sensor and Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah, Shibpur, West Bengal 711103, India
| | - Saikat Kumar Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Haldia Government College, Haldia, Purba Medinipur, Debhog, West Bengal 721657, India
| | - Satyajit Halder
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Rajdeep Ganguly
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur 711103, India
| | - Anirban Karak
- Molecular Sensor and Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah, Shibpur, West Bengal 711103, India
| | - Pintu Ghosh
- Molecular Sensor and Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah, Shibpur, West Bengal 711103, India
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Mahapatra
- Molecular Sensor and Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah, Shibpur, West Bengal 711103, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ruan X, Gao Y, Lai X, Wang B, Wu J, Yu X. Trimatch comparison of the prognosis of hypochloremia, normolchloremia and hyperchloremia in patients with septic shock. J Formos Med Assoc 2024:S0929-6646(24)00248-1. [PMID: 38763858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Septic shock is a lethal disease, and identifying high-risk patients through noninvasive and widely available biomarkers can help improve global outcomes. While the clinical impact of chloride levels on critically ill patients remains unclear, this study aims to investigate the association between hypochloremia and mortality following ICU admission among septic shock patients. METHODS This is an analysis of data stored in the databases of Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV). The initial chloride levels were classified ashypochloremia, normal chloraemia, and hyperchloraemia. A multivariate logistic regression model was applied, adjusting for age, lactate, pH, PO2, urine volume, RDW, creatinine, and liver disease, to assess the association between the three categories of chloride levels and mortality. RESULTS Of 3726 patients included in the study, 470 patients (12.6%) had hypochloremia on ICU admission. During the follow-up period, 1120 (33.5%) patients died. Hypochloremia was significantly associated with increased mortality and the incidence of AKI after adjusting for several variables. CONCLUSIONS Hypochloremia is independently associated with higher hospital mortality, AKI incidence among septic shock patients. However, further high-quality research is necessary to establish the precise relationship between hypochloremia and septic shock prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Ruan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yifan Gao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lai
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Baoxin Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jinmei Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xueshu Yu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang X, Qi Q, Zhou W, Zhou B, Han Y, Liu L. Cyanine based ratio fluorescent probe and its application in hypochlorite detection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 313:124150. [PMID: 38492467 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Hypochlorite (ClO-), a weakly acidic reactive oxygen species, plays a crucial role in antibacterial and anti-inflammatory defense mechanisms. However, elevated levels of ClO- or disruptions in endogenous sites can lead to tissue damage and various diseases including cardiovascular disease, neuronal degeneration, and arthritis. To address this, the development of a specific fluorescent probe with a built-in self-calibration ratio mode for the analysis and biological imaging of ClO- is essential. In this study, a cyanine-based fluorescent probe (Cy-H) was designed for ratiometric fluorescent detection of ClO-, utilizing its aggregation behavior as a novel approach in this field. Upon exposure to ClO-, the phenolic hydroxyl group in probe Cy-H was oxidized into benzoquinone, leading to the formation of cyanine products that displayed a strong tendency to aggregate. As a result, the maximum emission peak of the probe shifted from 700 nm to 485 nm. Notably, a linear relationship was observed between the peak intensity ratio (I485/I700) and the concentration of hypochlorite, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.49 μM. Furthermore, this probe was successfully employed for imaging analysis of hypochlorite in living cells and zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Tang
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Qi Qi
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Wencheng Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Boxin Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yunlong Han
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Lie Liu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Çeleğen K, Çeleğen M. Effect of hyperchloremia on mortality of pediatric trauma patients: a retrospective cohort study. SAO PAULO MED J 2024; 142:e2022370. [PMID: 38477733 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0370.r2.010923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperchloremia is often encountered due to the frequent administration of intravenous fluids in critically ill patients with conditions such as shock or hypotension in the pediatric intensive care unit, and high serum levels of chloride are associated with poor clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the association between hyperchloremia and in-hospital mortality in pediatric patients with major trauma. DESIGN AND SETTING This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary university hospital in Turkey. METHODS Data were collected between March 2020 and April 2022. Patients aged 1 month to 18 years with major trauma who received intravenous fluids with a concentration > 0.9% sodium chloride were enrolled. Hyperchloremia was defined as a serum chloride level > 110 mmol/L. Clinical and laboratory data were compared between the survivors and nonsurvivors. RESULTS The mortality rate was 23% (n = 20). The incidence of hyperchloremia was significantly higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors (P = 0.05). In multivariate logistic analysis, hyperchloremia at 48 h was found to be an independent risk factor for mortality in pediatric patients with major trauma. CONCLUSIONS In pediatric patients with major trauma, hyperchloremia at 48-h postadmission was associated with 28-day mortality. This parameter might be a beneficial prognostic indicator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Çeleğen
- MD. Physician, Pediatric Nephrologist in Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Çeleğen
- MD. Physician, Pediatric Intensivist in Division of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang G. Genome Editing for Cystic Fibrosis. Cells 2023; 12:1555. [PMID: 37371025 PMCID: PMC10297084 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CF Transmembrane-conductance Regulator gene (CFTR). Remarkable progress in basic research has led to the discovery of highly effective CFTR modulators. Now ~90% of CF patients are treatable. However, these modulator therapies are not curative and do not cover the full spectrum of CFTR mutations. Thus, there is a continued need to develop a complete and durable therapy that can treat all CF patients once and for all. As CF is a genetic disease, the ultimate therapy would be in-situ repair of the genetic lesions in the genome. Within the past few years, new technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas gene editing, have emerged as an appealing platform to revise the genome, ushering in a new era of genetic therapy. This review provided an update on this rapidly evolving field and the status of adapting the technology for CF therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoshun Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, CSRB 607, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jennings S, Hu Y, Wellems D, Luo M, Scull C, Taylor CM, Nauseef WM, Wang G. Neutrophil defect and lung pathogen selection in cystic fibrosis. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 113:604-614. [PMID: 36976023 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a life-threatening genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR chloride channel. Clinically, over 90% of patients with cystic fibrosis succumb to pulmonary complications precipitated by chronic bacterial infections, predominantly by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Despite the well-characterized gene defect and clearly defined clinical sequelae of cystic fibrosis, the critical link between the chloride channel defect and the host defense failure against these specific pathogens has not been established. Previous research from us and others has uncovered that neutrophils from patients with cystic fibrosis are defective in phagosomal production of hypochlorous acid, a potent microbicidal oxidant. Here we report our studies to investigate if this defect in hypochlorous acid production provides P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with a selective advantage in cystic fibrosis lungs. A polymicrobial mixture of cystic fibrosis pathogens (P. aeruginosa and S. aureus) and non-cystic fibrosis pathogens (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli) was exposed to varied concentrations of hypochlorous acid. The cystic fibrosis pathogens withstood higher concentrations of hypochlorous acid than did the non-cystic fibrosis pathogens. Neutrophils derived from F508del-CFTR HL-60 cells killed P. aeruginosa less efficiently than did the wild-type counterparts in the polymicrobial setting. After intratracheal challenge in wild-type and cystic fibrosis mice, the cystic fibrosis pathogens outcompeted the non-cystic fibrosis pathogens and exhibited greater survival in the cystic fibrosis lungs. Taken together, these data indicate that reduced hypochlorous acid production due to the absence of CFTR function creates an environment in cystic fibrosis neutrophils that provides a survival advantage to specific microbes-namely, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa-in the cystic fibrosis lungs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Jennings
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, CSRB 607, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Yawen Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, CSRB 607, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Dianne Wellems
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, CSRB 607, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, CSRB 607, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Callie Scull
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, CSRB 607, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Christopher M Taylor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, CSRB 607, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - William M Nauseef
- Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, and Veterans Administration Medical Center, 501 EMRB, 431 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Guoshun Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, CSRB 607, 533 Bolivar Street, New Orleans, LA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu CX, Xiao SY, Gong XL, Zhu X, Wang YW, Peng Y. A Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Recognition of Hypochlorite Anions Based on Dicyanoisophorone Skeleton. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010402. [PMID: 36615593 PMCID: PMC9823594 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (SWJT-9) was designed and synthesized for the detection of hypochlorite anion (ClO-) using a diaminomaleonitrile group as the recognition site. SWJT-9 had large Stokes shift (237 nm) and showed an excellent NIR fluorescence response to ClO- with the color change under the visible light. It showed a low detection limit (24.7 nM), high selectivity, and rapid detection (within 2 min) for ClO-. The new detection mechanism of SWJT-9 on ClO- was confirmed by 1H NMR, MS spectrum, and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In addition, the probe was successfully used to detect ClO- in HeLa cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Xiang Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Xiao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xiu-Lin Gong
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Y.-W.W.)
| | - Ya-Wen Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Y.-W.W.)
| | - Yu Peng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qureshi AI, Ma X, Huang W, Nunna RS, Gomez F, Malhotra K, Arora N, Chandrasekaran PN, Siddiq F, Gomez CR, Suarez JI. Early Hyperchloremia and Outcomes After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Analysis of Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Hypertonic Saline Trial. Crit Care Explor 2022; 4:e0797. [PMID: 36506832 PMCID: PMC9726372 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of the occurrence of early hyperchloremia on death or severe disability at 180 days in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN Post hoc analysis of Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Hypertonic Saline (ROC HS)-TBI trial. SETTING A total of 114 North American emergency medical services agencies in the ROC. PATIENTS A total of 991 patients with severe TBI and Glasgow Coma Scale score of less than or equal to 8. INTERVENTIONS Prehospital resuscitation with single IV dose (250 cc) of 7.5% saline in 6% dextran-70, 7.5% saline (no dextran), or crystalloid. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Patients with increased serum chloride concentrations (110 mmol/L or greater) 24 hours after randomization were identified. Hyperchloremia was graded into one or greater than or equal to 2 occurrences in the first 24 hours. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the effects of hyperchloremia on: 1) death or severe disability at 180 days and 2) death within 180 days after adjusting for confounders. Compared with patients without hyperchloremia, patients with greater than or equal to 2 occurrences of hyperchloremia had significantly higher odds of death or severe disability at 180 days (odds ratio [OR], 1.81; 95% CI, 1.19-2.75) and death within 180 days (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.14-3.08) after adjustment for confounders. However, the total volume of fluids administered during the first 24 hours was an independent predictor of death within 180 days; therefore, after adding an interaction term between the total volume of fluids administered during the first 24 hours and greater than or equal to 2 occurrences of hyperchloremia, patients with greater than or equal to 2 occurrences of hyperchloremia had significantly higher odds of death within 180 days (OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.21-4.61 d) but not of composite outcome of death or severe disability at 180 days. CONCLUSIONS After modifying for the effect of the total volume of fluids administered during the first 24 hours, multiple occurrences of hyperchloremia in the first 24 hours were associated with higher odds of death within 180 days in patients with severe TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan I Qureshi
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Wei Huang
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Ravi S Nunna
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Francisco Gomez
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Kunal Malhotra
- Department of Nephrology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Niraj Arora
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | | | - Farhan Siddiq
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Camilo R Gomez
- Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute and Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Jose I Suarez
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Han H, Liu C, Li M, Wang J, Liu YS, Zhou Y, Li ZC, Hu R, Li ZH, Wang RM, Guan YY, Zhang B, Wang GL. Increased intracellular Cl - concentration mediates neutrophil extracellular traps formation in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2848-2861. [PMID: 35513433 PMCID: PMC9622838 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00911-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play crucial roles in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases such as acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Our preliminary study shows that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced NET formation is accompanied by an elevated intracellular Cl- concentration ([Cl-]i) and reduced cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) expression in freshly isolated human blood neutrophils. Herein we investigated whether and how [Cl-]i regulated NET formation in vitro and in vivo. We showed that neutrophil [Cl-]i and NET levels were increased in global CFTR null (Cftr-/-) mice in the resting state, which was mimicked by intravenous injection of the CFTR inhibitor, CFTRinh-172, in wild-type mice. OxLDL-induced NET formation was aggravated by defective CFTR function. Clamping [Cl-]i at high levels directly triggered NET formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that increased [Cl-]i by CFTRinh-172 or CFTR knockout increased the phosphorylation of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible protein kinase 1 (SGK1) and generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species in neutrophils, and promoted oxLDL-induced NET formation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Consistently, peripheral blood samples obtained from atherosclerotic ApoE-/- mice or stable angina (SA) and ST-elevation ACS (STE-ACS) patients exhibited increased neutrophil [Cl-]i and SGK1 activity, decreased CFTR expression, and elevated NET levels. VX-661, a CFTR corrector, reduced the NET formation in the peripheral blood sample obtained from oxLDL-injected mice, ApoE-/- atherosclerotic mice or patients with STE-ACS by lowering neutrophil [Cl-]i. These results demonstrate that elevated neutrophil [Cl-]i during the development of atherosclerosis and ACS contributes to increased NET formation via Cl--sensitive SGK1 signaling, suggesting that defective CFTR function might be a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mei Li
- VIP Healthcare Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yao-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zi-Cheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ruo-Mei Wang
- School of Data and Computer Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yong-Yuan Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- VIP Healthcare Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Guan-Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Meoli A, Eickmeier O, Pisi G, Fainardi V, Zielen S, Esposito S. Impact of CFTR Modulators on the Impaired Function of Phagocytes in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12421. [PMID: 36293274 PMCID: PMC9604330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common genetically inherited disease in Caucasian populations, is a multi-systemic life-threatening autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. In 2012, the arrival of CFTR modulators (potentiators, correctors, amplifiers, stabilizers, and read-through agents) revolutionized the therapeutic approach to CF. In this review, we examined the physiopathological mechanism of chronic dysregulated innate immune response in the lungs of CF patients with pulmonary involvement with particular reference to phagocytes, critically analyzing the role of CFTR modulators in influencing and eventually restoring their function. Our literature review highlighted that the role of CFTR in the lungs is crucial not only for the epithelial function but also for host defense, with particular reference to phagocytes. In macrophages and neutrophils, the CFTR dysfunction compromises both the intricate process of phagocytosis and the mechanisms of initiation and control of inflammation which then reverberates on the epithelial environment already burdened by the chronic colonization of pathogens leading to irreversible tissue damage. In this context, investigating the impact of CFTR modulators on phagocytic functions is therefore crucial not only for explaining the underlying mechanisms of pleiotropic effects of these molecules but also to better understand the physiopathological basis of this disease, still partly unexplored, and to develop new complementary or alternative therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aniello Meoli
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital, 60431 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Olaf Eickmeier
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital, 60431 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Giovanna Pisi
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Fainardi
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Stefan Zielen
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department for Children and Adolescents, University Hospital, 60431 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Early Hyperchloremia is Independently Associated with Death or Disability in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2022; 37:487-496. [PMID: 35513751 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-022-01514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND On the basis of increased mortality associated with hyperchloremia among critically ill patients, we investigated the effect of occurrence of early hyperchloremia on death or disability at 90 days in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS We analyzed the data from Antihypertensive Treatment of Cerebral Hemorrhage 2 trial, which recruited patients with spontaneous ICH within 4.5 h of symptom onset. Patients with increased serum chloride levels (110 mmol/L or greater) at either baseline or 24, 48, or 72 h after randomization were identified. We further graded hyperchloremia into one occurrence or two or more occurrences within the first 72 h. Two logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the effects of hyperchloremia on (1) death within 90 days and (2) death or disability at 90 days after adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS Among the total of 1,000 patients analyzed, hyperchloremia within 72 h was seen in 114 patients with one occurrence and in 154 patients with two or more occurrences. Patients with one occurrence of hyperchloremia (odds ratio [OR] 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-5.5) and those with two or more occurrences (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3-5.0) had significantly higher odds of death within 90 days after adjustment for age, race and ethnicity, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score strata, hematoma volume, presence or absence of intraventricular hemorrhage, cigarette smoking, previous stroke, and maximum hourly dose of nicardipine. Patients with two or more occurrences of hyperchloremia (OR 3.4, 95% CI 2.1-5.6) had significantly higher odds of death or disability at 90 days compared with patients without hyperchloremia after adjustment for the abovementioned potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS The independent association between hyperchloremia and death or disability at 90 days suggests that avoidance of hyperchloremia may reduce the observed death or disability in patients with ICH. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01176565.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang G, Nauseef WM. Neutrophil dysfunction in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. Blood 2022; 139:2622-2631. [PMID: 35213685 PMCID: PMC9053701 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021014699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) figure prominently in host defense against infection and in noninfectious inflammation. Mobilized early in an inflammatory response, PMNs mediate immediate cellular defense against microbes and orchestrate events that culminate in cessation of inflammation and restoration of homeostasis. Failure to terminate the inflammatory response and its causes can fuel exuberant inflammation characteristic of many human diseases, including cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator. CF affects multiple end organs, with persistent bacterial infection and chronic neutrophilic inflammation in airways predominating the clinical picture. To match the diverse microbial challenges that they may encounter, PMNs possess a variety of antimicrobial systems to slow or kill invading microorganisms confined in their phagosomes. Prominent among PMN defense systems is their ability to generate hypochlorous acid, a potent microbicide, by reacting oxidants generated by the NADPH oxidase with myeloperoxidase (MPO) released from azurophilic granules in the presence of chloride (Cl-). Products of the MPO-H2O2-Cl system oxidize susceptible biomolecules and support robust antimicrobial action against many, but not all, potential human pathogens. Underscoring that the MPO-H2O2-Cl system is integral to optimal host defense and proper regulation of inflammation, individuals with defects in any component of this system, as seen in chronic granulomatous disease or MPO deficiency, incur increased rates or severity of infection and signs of dysregulated inflammatory responses. We focus attention in this review on the molecular basis for and the clinical consequences of defects in the MPO-H2O2-Cl system because of the compromised Cl transport seen in CF. We will discuss first how the MPO-H2O2-Cl system in healthy PMNs participates in host defense and resolution of inflammation and then review how a defective MPO-H2O2-Cl system contributes to the increased susceptibility to infection and dysregulated inflammation associated with the clinical manifestations of CF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoshun Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, and
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - William M Nauseef
- Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; and
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, IA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Identification and selection of healthy spermatozoa in heterozygous carriers of the Phe508del-variant of the CFTR-gene in assisted reproduction. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1866. [PMID: 35115637 PMCID: PMC8814069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05925-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic variant Phe508del of the CFTR-gene is the most frequent cause of cystic fibrosis (CF). Whereas male CF-patients are infertile due to bilateral agenesis of the efferent ducts, the fertility status of male heterozygous carriers is uncertain. We aimed at demonstrating the involvement of the CFTR-ion channel during sperm capacitation and to potentially select variant-free spermatozoa in heterozygous carriers of the CFTR-variant using flow cytometry (FC). Using FC and sorting, single cell polymerase chain reaction, immuno-fluorescent staining an experimental study was performed on nine fertile semen donors and three heterozygous infertile men carrying the Phe508del gene variant. Chemical inhibition of CFTR interfered with sperm capacitation. Most viable spermatozoa of heterozygous carriers of the Phe508del variant of the CFTR-gene show immune-fluorescent CFTR. Sperm capacitation in Phe508del carriers was similar to that in healthy semen donors. Distribution of the Phe508del allele in trio data of CF-affected families corresponded to the expected recessive inheritance pattern. Infertility in Phe508del heterozygous men is unlikely to be caused by the pathogenic variant although some contribution cannot be excluded. Normal sperm capacitation in carriers of pathogenic variants of the Phe508del-gene may in part explain the high prevalence of a potentially lethal recessive disorder.
Collapse
|
15
|
Lukasiak A, Zajac M. The Distribution and Role of the CFTR Protein in the Intracellular Compartments. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11110804. [PMID: 34832033 PMCID: PMC8618639 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease that mainly affects secretory organs in humans. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding CFTR with the most common phenylalanine deletion at position 508. CFTR is an anion channel mainly conducting Cl− across the apical membranes of many different epithelial cells, the impairment of which causes dysregulation of epithelial fluid secretion and thickening of the mucus. This, in turn, leads to the dysfunction of organs such as the lungs, pancreas, kidney and liver. The CFTR protein is mainly localized in the plasma membrane; however, there is a growing body of evidence that it is also present in the intracellular organelles such as the endosomes, lysosomes, phagosomes and mitochondria. Dysfunction of the CFTR protein affects not only the ion transport across the epithelial tissues, but also has an impact on the proper functioning of the intracellular compartments. The review aims to provide a summary of the present state of knowledge regarding CFTR localization and function in intracellular compartments, the physiological role of this localization and the consequences of protein dysfunction at cellular, epithelial and organ levels. An in-depth understanding of intracellular processes involved in CFTR impairment may reveal novel opportunities in pharmacological agents of cystic fibrosis.
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu Z, Wang X, Duan T, He R, Wang F, Zhou X. Development of an ultrafast fluorescent probe for specific recognition of hypochlorous acid and its application in live cells. RSC Adv 2021; 11:24669-24672. [PMID: 35481002 PMCID: PMC9036915 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04082k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a highly potent oxidant of reactive oxygen species, plays critical roles in many physiological and pathological processes. In this work, a novel coumarin-based fluorescent probe, Cou–HOCl, was prepared for the detection of HOCl. The probe exhibited good selectivity over other analytes, excellent sensitivity with a detection limit of 16 nM, and fast response within 5 s. And further study demonstrated that the probe could be used not only to image exogenous HOCl in various cells, but also to determine the fluctuating levels of HOCl in macrophage cells during inflammation. Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a highly potent oxidant of reactive oxygen species, plays critical roles in many physiological and pathological processes. In this work, we designed a simple coumarin-based fluorescent probe, Cou–HOCl, for detecting HOCl in inflammatory cells.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhencai Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Haikou 570102 China .,Guanyun People's Hospital Lianyungang 222000 China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Haikou 570102 China
| | - Tingting Duan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Haikou 570102 China
| | - Rong He
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Haikou 570102 China
| | - Fangwu Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Haikou 570102 China
| | - Xuejun Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University Haikou 570102 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hayes E, Murphy MP, Pohl K, Browne N, McQuillan K, Saw LE, Foley C, Gargoum F, McElvaney OJ, Hawkins P, Gunaratnam C, McElvaney NG, Reeves EP. Altered Degranulation and pH of Neutrophil Phagosomes Impacts Antimicrobial Efficiency in Cystic Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:600033. [PMID: 33391268 PMCID: PMC7775508 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.600033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have endeavored to understand the cause for impaired antimicrobial killing by neutrophils of people with cystic fibrosis (PWCF). The aim of this study was to focus on the bacterial phagosome. Possible alterations in degranulation of cytoplasmic granules and changes in pH were assessed. Circulating neutrophils were purified from PWCF (n = 28), PWCF receiving ivacaftor therapy (n = 10), and healthy controls (n = 28). Degranulation was assessed by Western blot analysis and flow cytometry. The pH of phagosomes was determined by use of BCECF-AM-labelled Staphylococcus aureus or SNARF labelled Candida albicans. The antibacterial effect of all treatments tested was determined by colony forming units enumeration. Bacterial killing by CF and healthy control neutrophils were found to differ (p = 0.0006). By use of flow cytometry and subcellular fractionation the kinetics of intraphagosomal degranulation were found to be significantly altered in CF phagosomes, as demonstrated by increased primary granule CD63 (p = 0.0001) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) content (p = 0.03). In contrast, decreased secondary and tertiary granule CD66b (p = 0.002) and decreased hCAP-18 and MMP-9 (p = 0.02), were observed. After 8 min phagocytosis the pH in phagosomes of neutrophils of PWCF was significantly elevated (p = 0.0001), and the percentage of viable bacteria was significantly increased compared to HC (p = 0.002). Results demonstrate that the recorded alterations in phagosomal pH generate suboptimal conditions for MPO related peroxidase, and α-defensin and azurocidine enzymatic killing of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pattern of dysregulated MPO degranulation (p = 0.02) and prolonged phagosomal alkalinization in CF neutrophils were normalized in vivo following treatment with the ion channel potentiator ivacaftor (p = 0.04). Our results confirm that alterations of circulating neutrophils from PWCF are corrected by CFTR modulator therapy, and raise a question related to possible delayed proton channel activity in CF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Hayes
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark P Murphy
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kerstin Pohl
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niall Browne
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karen McQuillan
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Le Er Saw
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Clare Foley
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fatma Gargoum
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oliver J McElvaney
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Padraig Hawkins
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cedric Gunaratnam
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Noel G McElvaney
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emer P Reeves
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang T, Dai MZ, Liu FS, Cao BB, Guo J, Shen JQ, Li CQ. Probiotics Modulate Intestinal Motility and Inflammation in Zebrafish Models. Zebrafish 2020; 17:382-393. [PMID: 33232637 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2020.1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to assess effects of three strains of probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bi-07 on the intestinal motility and inflammation in the zebrafish models. The intestinal motility model was established using 5 days postfertilization (dpf) zebrafish administered with a fluorescent dye Nile red at 10 ng/mL for 16 h, followed by probiotics treatment for 24 h and the intestinal motility was inversely proportional to the intestinal fluorescence intensity that was quantitatively measured by image analysis. The intestinal inflammation was induced by treating 3 dpf neutrophil fluorescent zebrafish with 0.0125% of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid for 48 h. Probiotics were administered at low, moderate, and high concentrations determined based on maximum tolerable concentration through soaking. All three strains of probiotics promoted intestinal movement, of which B. animalis subsp. lactis Bi-07 was most potent at lower concentrations. L. rhamnosus HN001 and B. animalis subsp. lactis Bi-07 had the therapeutic effects on the intestinal inflammation and the inflammation-associated mucosal damage recovery. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of L. rhamnosus HN001 was related to both reduce inflammatory factor interleukin-6 (IL-6) and restored tissue repair factor transforming growth factor-β-1 (TGFβ-1); whereas B. animalis subsp. lactis Bi-07 was probably only associated with TGFβ-1 elevation. Using larval zebrafish models for probiotics screening and assessment would speed up product research and development and improve products' efficacy and quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Jie Guo
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, China
| | - Ja-Qi Shen
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Qi Li
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for the Safety Evaluation Technology of Health Products, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang X, Mao F, Wong NK, Bao Y, Lin Y, Liu K, Li J, Xiang Z, Ma H, Xiao S, Zhang Y, Yu Z. CLIC2α Chloride Channel Orchestrates Immunomodulation of Hemocyte Phagocytosis and Bactericidal Activity in Crassostrea gigas. iScience 2020; 23:101328. [PMID: 32674055 PMCID: PMC7363696 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloride ion plays critical roles in modulating immunological interactions. Herein, we demonstrated that the anion channel CLIC2α mediates Cl− flux to regulate hemocytes functions in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). Specifically, during infection by Vibrio parahemolyticus, chloride influx was activated following onset of phagocytosis. Phosphorylation of Akt was stimulated by Cl− ions entering host cells, further contributing to signal transduction regulating internalization of bacteria through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Concomitantly, Cl− entered phagosomes, promoted the acidification and maturation of phagosomes, and contributed to production of HOCl to eradicate engulfed bacteria. Finally, genomic screening reveals CLIC2α as a major Cl− channel gene responsible for regulating Cl− influx in oysters. Knockdown of CLIC2α predictably impeded phagosome acidification and restricted bacterial killing in oysters. In conclusion, our work has established CLIC2α as a prominent regulator of Cl− influx and thus Cl− function in C. gigas in bacterial infection contexts. Influx of chloride ions is switched on during phagocytosis in oyster hemocytes PI3K/Akt signaling pathway mediates chloride-dependent activation of phagocytosis Cl− promotes phagosomal acidification and HOCl production CLIC2α is the principal chloride channel encoding gene within oyster genome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fan Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Bao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Yue Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kunna Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China
| | - Shu Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China.
| | - Ziniu Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mezones-Holguin E, Niño-Garcia R, Herrera-Añazco P, Taype-Rondan Á, Pacheco-Mendoza J, Hernandez AV. Possible association between dysnatremias and mortality during hospitalization in patients undergoing acute hemodialysis: analysis from a Peruvian retrospective cohort. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 41:501-508. [PMID: 31528981 PMCID: PMC6979579 DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2018-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the association between dysnatremias or dyschloremias and mortality during hospitalization in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing acute hemodialysis. Methods: We carried out a retrospective cohort study on adult patients undergoing acute hemodialysis with AKI or CKD diagnosis at a public hospital in Lima, Peru. Dysnatremias were categorized as hyponatremia (Na < 135mmol/L) or hypernatremia (Na > 145mmol/L), and dyschloremias were defined as hypochloremia (Cl < 98 mmol/L) or hyperchloremia (Cl > 109mmol/L). The outcome of interest was mortality during hospitalization. We performed generalized lineal Poisson family models with bias-corrected and accelerated non-parametric bootstrap to estimate the risk ratios at crude (RR) and adjusted analysis (aRR) by gender, age, HCO3 (for all patients) and Liaño score (only for AKI) with CI95%. Results: We included 263 patients (mean age: 54.3 years, females: 43%): 191 with CKD and 72 with AKI. Mortality was higher in patients with AKI (59.7%) than in patients with CKD (14.1%). In overall, patients with hypernatremia had a higher mortality during hospitalization compared to those who had normal sodium values (aRR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.17-2.83); patients with hyponatremia did not have different mortality (aRR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.69-2.04). We also found that hyperchloremia (aRR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.83-2.18) or hypochloremia (aRR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.30-14.78) did not increase mortality in comparison to normal chloride values. No association between dysnatremias or dyschloremias and mortality during hospitalization was found in CKD and AKI subgroups. Conclusions: In our exploratory analysis, only hypernatremia was associated with mortality during hospitalization among patients with AKI or CKD undergoing acute hemodialysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Mezones-Holguin
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Lima, Peru.,Epi-gnosis Solutions. Piura, Peru
| | - Roberto Niño-Garcia
- Epi-gnosis Solutions. Piura, Peru.,Universidad Nacional de Piura, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Piura (SOCIEMUNP), Piura, Peru
| | - Percy Herrera-Añazco
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Lima, Peru.,Hospital Nacional 2 de mayo, Department of Nephrology, Lima, Peru
| | - Álvaro Taype-Rondan
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Adrian V Hernandez
- Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Lima, Peru.,University of Connecticut/Hartford Hospital Evidence-based Practice Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
A DNA-based fluorescent reporter maps HOCl production in the maturing phagosome. Nat Chem Biol 2018; 15:1165-1172. [PMID: 30531966 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-018-0176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phagocytes destroy pathogens by trapping them in a transient organelle called the phagosome, where they are bombarded with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Imaging reactive species within the phagosome would directly reveal the chemical dynamics underlying pathogen destruction. Here we introduce a fluorescent, DNA-based combination reporter, cHOClate, which simultaneously images hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and pH quantitatively. Using cHOClate targeted to phagosomes in live cells, we successfully map phagosomal production of a specific ROS, HOCl, as a function of phagosome maturation. We found that phagosomal acidification was gradual in macrophages and upon completion, HOCl was released in a burst. This revealed that phagosome-lysosome fusion was essential not only for phagosome acidification, but also for providing the chloride necessary for myeloperoxidase activity. This method can be expanded to image several kinds of ROS and RNS and be readily applied to identify how resistant pathogens evade phagosomal killing.
Collapse
|
22
|
Mishra OP, Popov AV, Pietrofesa RA, Nakamaru-Ogiso E, Andrake M, Christofidou-Solomidou M. Synthetic secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (LGM2605) inhibits myeloperoxidase activity in inflammatory cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:1364-1375. [PMID: 29524540 PMCID: PMC5970065 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloperoxidase (MPO) generates hypochlorous acid (HOCl) during inflammation and infection. We showed that secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) scavenges radiation-induced HOCl in physiological solutions. However, the action of SDG and its synthetic version, LGM2605, on MPO-catalyzed generation of HOCl is unknown. The present study evaluated the effect of LGM2605 on human MPO, and murine MPO from macrophages and neutrophils. METHODS MPO activity was determined fluorometrically using hypochlorite-specific 3'-(p-aminophenyl) fluorescein (APF). The effect of LGM2605 on (a) the peroxidase cycle of MPO was determined using Amplex Red while the effect on (b) the chlorination cycle was determined using a taurine chloramine assay. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy we determined the effect of LGM2605 on the EPR signals of MPO. Finally, computational docking of SDG was used to identify energetically favorable docking poses to enzyme's active site. RESULTS LGM2605 inhibited human and murine MPO activity. MPO inhibition was observed in the absence and presence of Cl-. EPR confirmed that LGM2605 suppressed the formation of Compound I, an oxoiron (IV) intermediate [Fe(IV)O] containing a porphyrin π-radical of MPO's catalytic cycle. Computational docking revealed that SDG can act as an inhibitor by binding to the enzyme's active site. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that LGM2605 inhibits MPO activity by suppressing both the peroxidase and chlorination cycles. EPR analysis demonstrated that LGM2605 inhibits MPO by decreasing the formation of the highly oxidative Compound I. This study identifies a novel mechanism of LGM2605 action as an inhibitor of MPO and indicates that LGM2605 may be a promising attenuator of oxidant-dependent inflammatory tissue damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Om P Mishra
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| | - Anatoliy V Popov
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| | - Ralph A Pietrofesa
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| | - Eiko Nakamaru-Ogiso
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| | - Mark Andrake
- Molecular Modeling Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, United States.
| | - Melpo Christofidou-Solomidou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Osborne SE, Brumell JH. Listeriolysin O: from bazooka to Swiss army knife. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018. [PMID: 28630160 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a Gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen. Infections in humans can lead to listeriosis, a systemic disease with a high mortality rate. One important mechanism of Lm dissemination involves cell-to-cell spread after bacteria have entered the cytosol of host cells. Listeriolysin O (LLO; encoded by the hly gene) is a virulence factor present in Lm that plays a central role in the cell-to-cell spread process. LLO is a member of the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin (CDC) family of toxins that were initially thought to promote disease largely by inducing cell death and tissue destruction-essentially acting like a 'bazooka'. This view was supported by structural studies showing CDCs can form large pores in membranes. However, it is now appreciated that LLO has many subtle activities during Lm infection of host cells, and many of these likely do not involve large pores, but rather small membrane perforations. It is also appreciated that membrane repair pathways of host cells play a major role in limiting membrane damage by LLO and other toxins. LLO is now thought to represent a 'Swiss army knife', a versatile tool that allows Lm to induce many membrane alterations and cellular responses that promote bacterial dissemination during infection.This article is part of the themed issue 'Membrane pores: from structure and assembly, to medicine and technology'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne E Osborne
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - John H Brumell
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X8 .,Sickkids IBD Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X8.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Phagocytes, such as neutrophils and macrophages, engulf microbes into phagosomes and launch chemical attacks to kill and degrade them. Such a critical innate immune function necessitates ion participation. Chloride, the most abundant anion in the human body, is an indispensable constituent of the myeloperoxidase (MPO)-H2 O2 -halide system that produces the potent microbicide hypochlorous acid (HOCl). It also serves as a balancing ion to set membrane potentials, optimize cytosolic and phagosomal pH, and regulate phagosomal enzymatic activities. Deficient supply of this anion to or defective attainment of this anion by phagocytes is linked to innate immune defects. However, how phagocytes acquire chloride from their residing environment especially when they are deployed to epithelium-lined lumens, and how chloride is intracellularly transported to phagosomes remain largely unknown. This review article will provide an overview of chloride protein carriers, potential mechanisms for phagocytic chloride preservation and acquisition, intracellular chloride supply to phagosomes for oxidant production, and methods to measure chloride levels in phagocytes and their phagosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoshun Wang
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Genetics and Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Behe P, Foote JR, Levine AP, Platt CD, Chou J, Benavides F, Geha RS, Segal AW. The LRRC8A Mediated "Swell Activated" Chloride Conductance Is Dispensable for Vacuolar Homeostasis in Neutrophils. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:262. [PMID: 28553230 PMCID: PMC5427109 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The dialysis of human and mouse neutrophils in patch clamp experiments in the conventional whole-cell mode induces the emergence of a chloride (Cl-) current that appeared to be primarily regulated by cytoplasmic ionic strength. The characteristics of this current resembled that of the classical, and ubiquitous volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying Cl- current: strong outward rectification, selectivity sequence of the Eisenman1 type, insensitivity to external pH and strong inhibition by tamoxifen, DCPIB and WW781. We show that this current is essentially supported by the leucine rich repeat containing 8 A (LRRC8A); the naturally occurring LRRC8A truncation mutant in ebo/ebo mice drastically reduced Cl- conductance in neutrophils. Remarkably, the residual component presents a distinct pharmacology, but appears equally potentiated by reduced ionic strength. We have investigated the role of the LRRC8A-supported current in the ionic homeostasis of the phagosomal compartment. The vacuolar pH, measured using SNARF-1 labeled Candida albicans, normally rises because of NADPH oxidase activity, and this elevation is blocked by certain Cl- channel inhibitors. However, the pH rise remains intact in neutrophils from the ebo/ebo mice which also demonstrate preserved phagocytic and respiratory burst capacities and normal-sized vacuoles. Thus, the LRRC8A-dependent conductance of neutrophils largely accounts for their “swell activated” Cl- current, but is not required for homeostasis of the phagosomal killing compartment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Behe
- Division of Medicine, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Juliet R Foote
- Division of Medicine, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Adam P Levine
- Division of Medicine, University College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Craig D Platt
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, USA
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, USA
| | - Fernando Benavides
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, HoustonTX, USA
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, BostonMA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang XY, Elfarra AA. Potential roles of myeloperoxidase and hypochlorous acid in metabolism and toxicity of alkene hydrocarbons and drug molecules containing olefinic moieties. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 13:513-524. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2017.1271413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Adnan A. Elfarra
- Department of Comparative Biosciences and the Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Margaroli C, Tirouvanziam R. Neutrophil plasticity enables the development of pathological microenvironments: implications for cystic fibrosis airway disease. Mol Cell Pediatr 2016; 3:38. [PMID: 27868161 PMCID: PMC5136534 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-016-0066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pathological course of several chronic inflammatory diseases, including cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and rheumatoid arthritis, features an aberrant innate immune response dominated by neutrophils. In cystic fibrosis, neutrophil burden and activity of neutrophil elastase in the extracellular fluid have been identified as strong predictors of lung disease severity. REVIEW Although neutrophils are generally considered to be rigid, pre-programmed effector leukocytes, recent studies suggest extensive plasticity in how neutrophil functions unfold upon recruitment to peripheral tissues, and how they choose their ultimate fate. Indeed, upon migration to cystic fibrosis airways, neutrophils display dysregulated lifespan, metabolic activation, and altered effector and regulatory functions, consistent with profound adaptation and phenotypic reprogramming. Licensed by signals present in cystic fibrosis airway microenvironment to survive and develop these novel functions, neutrophils orchestrate, in partnership with the epithelium and with the resident microbiota, the evolution of a pathological microenvironment. This microenvironment is defined by altered proteolytic, redox, and metabolic balance and the presence of stable luminal structures in which neutrophils and microbes coexist. CONCLUSIONS The elucidation of molecular mechanisms driving neutrophil plasticity in vivo will open new treatment opportunities designed to modulate, rather than block, the crucial adaptive functions fulfilled by neutrophils. This review aims to outline emerging mechanisms of neutrophil plasticity and their participation in the building of pathological microenvironments in the context of cystic fibrosis and other diseases with similar features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Margaroli
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Emory + Children's Center, 2015 Uppergate Dr NE, Rm 344, Atlanta, GA, 30322-1014, USA
| | - Rabindra Tirouvanziam
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Center for CF and Airways Disease Research, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Emory + Children's Center, 2015 Uppergate Dr NE, Rm 344, Atlanta, GA, 30322-1014, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ng HP, Valentine VG, Wang G. CFTR targeting during activation of human neutrophils. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:1413-1424. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4a0316-130rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cAMP-activated chloride channel, plays critical roles in phagocytic host defense. However, how activated neutrophils regulate CFTR channel distribution subcellularly is not well defined. To investigate, we tested multiple Abs against different CFTR domains, to examine CFTR expression in human peripheral blood neutrophils by flow cytometry. The data confirmed that resting neutrophils had pronounced CFTR expression. Activation of neutrophils with soluble or particulate agonists did not significantly increase CFTR expression level, but induced CFTR redistribution to cell surface. Such CFTR mobilization correlated with cell-surface recruitment of formyl-peptide receptor during secretory vesicle exocytosis. Intriguingly, neutrophils from patients with ΔF508-CF, despite expression of the mutant CFTR, showed little cell-surface mobilization upon stimulation. Although normal neutrophils effectively targeted CFTR to their phagosomes, ΔF508-CF neutrophils had impairment in that process, resulting in deficient hypochlorous acid production. Taken together, activated neutrophils regulate CFTR distribution by targeting this chloride channel to the subcellular sites of activation, and ΔF508-CF neutrophils fail to achieve such targeting, thus undermining their host defense function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Pong Ng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Vincent G Valentine
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Guoshun Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lee JY, Hong TH, Lee KW, Jung MJ, Lee JG, Lee SH. Hyperchloremia is associated with 30-day mortality in major trauma patients: a retrospective observational study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2016; 24:117. [PMID: 27716363 PMCID: PMC5050607 DOI: 10.1186/s13049-016-0311-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chloride is important for maintaining acid-base balance, muscular activity, osmosis and immunomodulation. In patients with major trauma, chloride levels increase after fluid therapy; this is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether hyperchloremia was associated with increased mortality in patients who had sustained major trauma. METHODS This study enrolled 266 major trauma patients by retrospective chart review, from January 2011 to December 2015. Patients were older than 16 years; were admitted to an intensive care unit; survived more than 48 h; and had sustained major trauma, defined as an injury severity score ≥ 16. Hyperchloremia was defined as a chloride level > 110mEq/L. Delta chloride (Δchloride) was defined as the difference between the serum chloride level measured 48-h post-admission and the initial level. Clinical and laboratory variables were compared between survivors (n = 235) and non-survivors (n = 31). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between hyperchloremia 48-h post-admission (hyperchloremia-48) and 30-day mortality. RESULTS The overall 30-day mortality was 11.7 % (n = 31). Hyperchloremia-48 occurred in 65 patients (24.4 %) and the incidence was significantly different between survivors and non-survivors (19.6 vs. 61.3 %, respectively, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis identified hyperchloremia-48 and Δchloride as independent predictive factors for 30-day mortality in major trauma patients. DISCUSSION Infusion of chloride-rich solutions, such as normal saline, is itself associated with hyperchloremia, which has been associated with poor patient outcomes. Patients receiving normal saline were more likely to suffer major postoperative complications, acute kidney injury, and infections. Moreover, large changes in serum chloride levels correlated with greater in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSION Hyperchloremia 48-h post-admission and Δchloride was associated with 30-day mortality in major trauma patients. These indices may be useful prognostic markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Lee
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Trauma Training Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hwa Hong
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Trauma Training Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Lee
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Trauma Training Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jae Jung
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Trauma Training Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gil Lee
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Trauma Training Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Division of Critical Care and Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Trauma Training Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
van der Spek AH, Bloise FF, Tigchelaar W, Dentice M, Salvatore D, van der Wel NN, Fliers E, Boelen A. The Thyroid Hormone Inactivating Enzyme Type 3 Deiodinase is Present in Bactericidal Granules and the Cytoplasm of Human Neutrophils. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3293-305. [PMID: 27355490 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are important effector cells of the innate immune system. Thyroid hormone (TH) is thought to play an important role in their function. Intracellular TH levels are regulated by the deiodinating enzymes. The TH-inactivating type 3 deiodinase (D3) is expressed in infiltrating murine neutrophils, and D3 knockout mice show impaired bacterial killing upon infection. This suggests that D3 plays an important role in the bacterial killing capacity of neutrophils. The mechanism behind this effect is unknown. We aimed to assess the presence of D3 in human neutrophils, and determine its subcellular localization using confocal and electron microscopy, because this could give important clues about its function in these cells. D3 appeared to be present in the cytoplasm and in myeloperoxidase containing azurophilic granules and as well as lactoferrin containing specific granules within human neutrophils. This subcellular localization did not change upon activation of the cells. D3 is observed intracellularly during neutrophil extracellular trap formation, followed by a reduction of D3 staining after release of the neutrophil extracellular traps into the extracellular space. At the transcriptional level, human neutrophils expressed additional essential elements of TH metabolism, including TH transporters and TH receptors. Here, we demonstrate the presence and subcellular location of D3 in human neutrophils for the first time and propose a model, in which D3 plays a role in the bacterial killing capacity of neutrophils either through generation of iodide for the myeloperoxidase system or through modulation of intracellular TH bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne H van der Spek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.H.v.d.S., F.F.B., E.F., A.B.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology and Histology (W.T., N.N.v.d.W.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (M.D., D.S.), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Flavia F Bloise
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.H.v.d.S., F.F.B., E.F., A.B.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology and Histology (W.T., N.N.v.d.W.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (M.D., D.S.), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Wikky Tigchelaar
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.H.v.d.S., F.F.B., E.F., A.B.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology and Histology (W.T., N.N.v.d.W.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (M.D., D.S.), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.H.v.d.S., F.F.B., E.F., A.B.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology and Histology (W.T., N.N.v.d.W.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (M.D., D.S.), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Salvatore
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.H.v.d.S., F.F.B., E.F., A.B.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology and Histology (W.T., N.N.v.d.W.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (M.D., D.S.), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicole N van der Wel
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.H.v.d.S., F.F.B., E.F., A.B.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology and Histology (W.T., N.N.v.d.W.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (M.D., D.S.), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Eric Fliers
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.H.v.d.S., F.F.B., E.F., A.B.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology and Histology (W.T., N.N.v.d.W.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (M.D., D.S.), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anita Boelen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (A.H.v.d.S., F.F.B., E.F., A.B.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cell Biology and Histology (W.T., N.N.v.d.W.), Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery (M.D., D.S.), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ntimbane T, Mailhot G, Spahis S, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Kleme ML, Melloul D, Brochiero E, Berthiaume Y, Levy E. CFTR silencing in pancreatic β-cells reveals a functional impact on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and oxidative stress response. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 310:E200-12. [PMID: 26625901 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00333.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF)-related diabetes (CFRD) has become a critical complication that seriously affects the clinical outcomes of CF patients. Although CFRD has emerged as the most common nonpulmonary complication of CF, little is known about its etiopathogenesis. Additionally, whether oxidative stress (OxS), a common feature of CF and diabetes, influences CFRD pathophysiology requires clarification. The main objective of this study was to shed light on the role of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in combination with OxS in insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. CFTR silencing was accomplished in MIN6 cells by stable expression of small hairpin RNAs (shRNA), and glucose-induced insulin secretion was evaluated in the presence and absence of the valuable prooxidant system iron/ascorbate (Fe/Asc; 0.075/0.75 mM) along with or without the antioxidant Trolox (1 mM). Insulin output from CFTR-silenced MIN6 cells was significantly reduced (∼ 70%) at basal and at different glucose concentrations compared with control Mock cells. Furthermore, CFTR silencing rendered MIN6 cells more sensitive to OxS as evidenced by both increased lipid peroxides and weakened antioxidant defense, especially following incubation with Fe/Asc. The decreased insulin secretion in CFTR-silenced MIN6 cells was associated with high levels of NF-κB (the major participant in inflammatory responses), raised apoptosis, and diminished ATP production in response to the Fe/Asc challenge. However, these defects were alleviated by the addition of Trolox, thereby pointing out the role of OxS in aggravating the effects of CFTR deficiency. Our findings indicate that CFTR deficiency in combination with OxS may contribute to endocrine cell dysfunction and insulin secretion, which at least in part may explain the development of CFRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Ntimbane
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Mailhot
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Schohraya Spahis
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Remi Rabasa-Lhoret
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Laure Kleme
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danielle Melloul
- Department of Endocrinology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel; and
| | | | - Yves Berthiaume
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emile Levy
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hyperchloremia is frequently observed in critically ill patients in the ICU. Our study aimed to examine the association of serum chloride (Cl) levels with hospital mortality in septic ICU patients. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Urban academic medical center ICU. PATIENTS ICU adult patients with severe sepsis or septic shock who had Cl measured on ICU admission were included. Those with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m or chronic dialysis were excluded. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Of 1,940 patients included in the study, 615 patients (31.7%) had hyperchloremia (Cl ≥ 110 mEq/L) on ICU admission. All-cause hospital mortality was the dependent variable. Cl on ICU admission (Cl0), Cl at 72 hours (Cl72), and delta Cl (ΔCl = Cl72 - Cl0) were the independent variables. Those with Cl0 greater than or equal to 110 mEq/L were older and had higher cumulative fluid balance, base deficit, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores. Multivariate analysis showed that higher Cl72 but not Cl0 was independently associated with hospital mortality in the subgroup of patients with hyperchloremia on ICU admission (adjusted odds ratio for Cl72 per 5 mEq/L increase = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.02-1.59; p = 0.03). For those who were hyperchloremic on ICU admission, every within-subject 5 mEq/L increment in Cl72 was independently associated with hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio for ΔCl 5 mEq/L = 1.37; 95% CI, 1.11-1.69; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS In critically ill septic patients manifesting hyperchloremia (Cl ≥ 110 mEq/L) on ICU admission, higher Cl levels and within-subject worsening hyperchloremia at 72 hours of ICU stay were associated with all-cause hospital mortality. These associations were independent of base deficit, cumulative fluid balance, acute kidney injury, and other critical illness parameters.
Collapse
|
33
|
Green JN, Kettle AJ, Winterbourn CC. Protein chlorination in neutrophil phagosomes and correlation with bacterial killing. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 77:49-56. [PMID: 25236747 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils ingest and kill bacteria within phagocytic vacuoles. We investigated where they produce hypochlorous acid (HOCl) following phagocytosis by measuring conversion of protein tyrosine residues to 3-chlorotyrosine. We also examined how varying chloride availability affects the relationship between HOCl formation in the phagosome and bacterial killing. Phagosomal proteins, isolated following ingestion of opsonized magnetic beads, contained 11.4 Cl-Tyr per thousand tyrosine residues. This was 12 times higher than the level in proteins from the rest of the neutrophil and ~6 times higher than previously recorded for protein from ingested bacteria. These results indicate that HOCl production is largely localized to the phagosomes and a substantial proportion reacts with phagosomal protein before reaching the microbe. This will in part detoxify the oxidant but should also form chloramines which could contribute to the killing mechanism. Neutrophils were either suspended in chloride-free gluconate buffer or pretreated with formyl-Met-Leu-Phe, a procedure that has been reported to deplete intracellular chloride. These treatments, alone or in combination, decreased both chlorination in phagosomes and killing of Staphylococcus aureus by up to 50%. There was a strong positive correlation between the two effects. Killing was predominantly oxidant and myeloperoxidase dependent (88% inhibition by diphenylene iodonium and 78% by azide). These results imply that lowering the chloride concentration limits HOCl production and oxidative killing. They support a role for HOCl generation, rather than an alternative myeloperoxidase activity, in the killing process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessie N Green
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago Christchurch, 2 Riccarton Avenue, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Anthony J Kettle
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago Christchurch, 2 Riccarton Avenue, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Christine C Winterbourn
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago Christchurch, 2 Riccarton Avenue, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ng HP, Zhou Y, Song K, Hodges CA, Drumm ML, Wang G. Neutrophil-mediated phagocytic host defense defect in myeloid Cftr-inactivated mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106813. [PMID: 25184794 PMCID: PMC4153692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common and deadly inherited disease, caused by mutations in the CFTR gene that encodes a cAMP-activated chloride channel. One outstanding manifestation of the disease is the persistent bacterial infection and inflammation in the lung, which claims over 90% of CF mortality. It has been debated whether neutrophil-mediated phagocytic innate immunity has any intrinsic defect that contributes to the host lung defense failure. Here we compared phagosomal CFTR targeting, hypochlorous acid (HOCl) production, and microbial killing of the neutrophils from myeloid Cftr-inactivated (Myeloid-Cftr-/-) mice and the non-inactivated control (Cftrfl10) mice. We found that the mutant CFTR that lacked Exon-10 failed to target to the neutrophil phagosomes. This dysfunction resulted in impaired intraphagosomal HOCl production and neutrophil microbial killing. In vivo lung infection with a lethal dose of Pseudomonas aeruginosa caused significantly higher mortality in the myeloid CF mice than in the controls. The myeloid-Cftr-/- lungs were deficient in bacterial clearance, and had sustained neutrophilic inflammation and stalled transition from early to late immunity. These manifestations recapitulated the symptoms of human CF lungs. The data altogether suggest that myeloid CFTR expression is critical to normal host lung defense. CFTR dysfunction in neutrophils compromises the phagocytic innate immunity, which may predispose CF lungs to infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Pong Ng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Kejing Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Craig A. Hodges
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mitchell L. Drumm
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Guoshun Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nauseef WM, Borregaard N. Neutrophils at work. Nat Immunol 2014; 15:602-11. [PMID: 24940954 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 637] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this Review we discuss data demonstrating recently recognized aspects of neutrophil homeostasis in the steady state, granulopoiesis in 'emergency' conditions and interactions of neutrophils with the adaptive immune system. We explore in vivo observations of the recruitment of neutrophils from blood to tissues in models of blood-borne infections versus bacterial invasion through epithelial linings. We examine data on novel aspects of the activation of NADPH oxidase and the heterogeneity of phagosomes and, finally, consider the importance of two neutrophil-derived biological agents: neutrophil extracellular traps and ectosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William M Nauseef
- Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Niels Borregaard
- The Granulocyte Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology, National University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nauseef WM. Myeloperoxidase in human neutrophil host defence. Cell Microbiol 2014; 16:1146-55. [PMID: 24844117 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human neutrophils represent the predominant leucocyte in circulation and the first responder to infection. Concurrent with ingestion of microorganisms, neutrophils activate and assemble the NADPH oxidase at the phagosome, thereby generating superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. Concomitantly, granules release their contents into the phagosome, where the antimicrobial proteins and enzymes synergize with oxidants to create an environment toxic to the captured microbe. The most rapid and complete antimicrobial action by human neutrophils against many organisms relies on the combined efforts of the azurophilic granule protein myeloperoxidase and hydrogen peroxide from the NADPH oxidase to oxidize chloride, thereby generating hypochlorous acid and a host of downstream reaction products. Although individual components of the neutrophil antimicrobial response exhibit specific activities in isolation, the situation in the environment of the phagosome is far more complicated, a consequence of multiple and complex interactions among oxidants, proteins and their by-products. In most cases, the cooperative interactions among the phagosomal contents, both from the host and the microbe, culminate in loss of viability of the ingested organism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William M Nauseef
- Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
LeSimple P, Goepp J, Palmer ML, Fahrenkrug SC, O’Grady SM, Ferraro P, Robert R, Hanrahan JW. Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Is Expressed in Mucin Granules from Calu-3 and Primary Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 49:511-6. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0419rc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|
38
|
Zhou Y, Song K, Painter RG, Aiken M, Reiser J, Stanton BA, Nauseef WM, Wang G. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator recruitment to phagosomes in neutrophils. J Innate Immun 2013; 5:219-30. [PMID: 23486169 PMCID: PMC3717385 DOI: 10.1159/000346568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal microbicidal activity of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) relies on the generation of toxic agents such as hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in phagosomes. HOCl formation requires H2O2 produced by the NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase derived from azurophilic granules, and chloride ion. Chloride transport from cytoplasm into phagosomes requires chloride channels which include cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cAMP-activated chloride channel. However, the phagosomal targeting of CFTR in PMN has not been defined. Using human peripheral blood PMN, we determined that 95-99% of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1)-positive mature phagosomes were CFTR positive, as judged by immunostaining and flow cytometric analysis. To establish a model cell system to evaluate CFTR phagosomal recruitment, we stably expressed enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) alone, EGFP-wt-CFTR and EGFP-DF508-CFTR fusion proteins in promyelocytic PLB-985 cells, respectively. After differentiation into neutrophil-like cells, CFTR presentation to phagosomes was examined. EGFP-wt-CFTR was observed to associate with phagosomes and colocalize with LAMP-1. Flow cytometric analysis of the isolated phagosomes indicated that such a phagosomal targeting was determined by the CFTR portion of the fusion protein. In contrast, significantly less EGFP-DF508-CFTR was found in phagosomes, indicating a defective targeting of the molecule to the organelle. Importantly, the CFTR corrector compound VRT-325 facilitated the recruitment of DF508-CFTR to phagosomes. These data demonstrate the possibility of pharmacologic correction of impaired recruitment of mutant CFTR, thereby providing a potential means to augment chloride supply to the phagosomes of PMN in patients with cystic fibrosis to enhance their microbicidal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, La
| | - Kejing Song
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, La
| | - Richard G. Painter
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, La
| | - Martha Aiken
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, La
| | - Jakob Reiser
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Md
| | - Bruce A. Stanton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, N.H
| | - William M. Nauseef
- Inflammation Program and Department of Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Coralville, Iowa, USA
| | - Guoshun Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics and Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, La
| |
Collapse
|