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Brendel H, Mittag J, Hofmann A, Hempel H, Giebe S, Diaba-Nuhoho P, Wolk S, Reeps C, Morawietz H, Brunssen C. NADPH Oxidase 4: Crucial for Endothelial Function under Hypoxia-Complementing Prostacyclin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1178. [PMID: 39456432 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13101178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: The primary endothelial NADPH oxidase isoform 4 (NOX4) is notably induced during hypoxia, with emerging evidence suggesting its vasoprotective role through H2O2 production. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate NOX4's significance in endothelial function under hypoxia. Methods: Human vessels, in addition to murine vessels from Nox4-/- mice, were explored. On a functional level, Mulvany myograph experiments were performed. To obtain mechanistical insights, human endothelial cells were cultured under hypoxia with inhibitors of hypoxia-inducible factors. Additionally, endothelial cells were cultured under combined hypoxia and laminar shear stress conditions. Results: In human occluded vessels, NOX4 expression strongly correlated with prostaglandin I2 synthase (PTGIS). Hypoxia significantly elevated NOX4 and PTGIS expression and activity in human endothelial cells. Inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) enzymes, which stabilize hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), increased NOX4 and PTGIS expression even under normoxic conditions. NOX4 mRNA expression was reduced by HIF1a inhibition, while PTGIS mRNA expression was only affected by the inhibition of HIF2a under hypoxia. Endothelial function assessments revealed hypoxia-induced endothelial dysfunction in mesenteric arteries from wild-type mice. Mesenteric arteries from Nox4-/- mice exhibited an altered endothelial function under hypoxia, most prominent in the presence of cyclooxygenase inhibitor diclofenac to exclude the impact of prostacyclin. Restored protective laminar shear stress, as it might occur after thrombolysis, angioplasty, or stenting, attenuated the hypoxic response in endothelial cells, reducing HIF1a expression and its target NOX4 while enhancing eNOS expression. Conclusions: Hypoxia strongly induces NOX4 and PTGIS, with a close correlation between both factors in occluded, hypoxic human vessels. This relationship ensured endothelium-dependent vasodilation under hypoxic conditions. Protective laminar blood flow restores eNOS expression and mitigates the hypoxic response on NOX4 and PTGIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Brendel
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jennifer Mittag
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Hofmann
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Helene Hempel
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sindy Giebe
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Patrick Diaba-Nuhoho
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolk
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Reeps
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Coy Brunssen
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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2
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Huang G, Qiu Y, Fan Y, Liu J. METTL3-deficiency Suppresses Neural Apoptosis to Induce Protective Effects in Cerebral I/R Injury via Inhibiting RNA m6A Modifications: A Pre-clinical and Pilot Study. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:85-98. [PMID: 37610605 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation involves in regulating the initiation, progression and aggravation of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, however, the detailed functions and mechanisms by which m6A drives cerebral I/R injury are not fully understood. This study found that methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) m6A-dependently regulated cerebral I/R injury trough regulating a novel LncRNA ABHD11-AS1/miR-1301-3p/HIF1AN/HIF-1α axis. Specifically, the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion mice models and glucose deprivation (OGD)/reoxygenation (RX) astrocyte cell models were respectively established, and we verified that METTL3, ABHD11-AS1 and HIF1AN were upregulated, whereas miR-1301-3p and HIF-1α were downregulated in both MCAO/reperfusion mice tissues and OGD/RX astrocytes. Mechanical experiments confirmed that METTL3 m6A dependently increased stability and expression levels of ABHD11-AS1, and elevated ABHD11-AS1 sponged miR-1301-3p to upregulate HIF1AN, resulting in the downregulation of HIF-1α. Moreover, silencing of METTL3 rescued MCAO/reperfusion and OGD/RX-induced oxidative stress-associated cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in both mice brain tissues in vivo and the mouse primary astrocytes in vitro, which were abrogated by overexpressing ABHD11-AS1 and downregulating miR-1301-3p. Taken together, our study firstly reported a novel METTL3/m6A/ ABHD11-AS1/miR-1301-3p/HIF1AN/HIF-1α signaling cascade in regulating the progression of cerebral I/R injury, and future work will focus on investigating whether the above genes can be used as biomarkers for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury by performing clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shennanzhong Road 3025, Shenzhen, 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuda Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shennanzhong Road 3025, Shenzhen, 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Yafei Fan
- Department of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shennanzhong Road 3025, Shenzhen, 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shennanzhong Road 3025, Shenzhen, 518033, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Matsunaga S, Kohda A, Kamakura S, Hayase J, Miyano K, Shiose A, Sumimoto H. Hypoxia stabilizes the H 2 O 2 -producing oxidase Nox4 in cardiomyocytes via suppressing autophagy-related lysosomal degradation. Genes Cells 2024; 29:63-72. [PMID: 37985134 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-producing NADPH oxidase Nox4, forming a heterodimer with p22phox , is expressed in a variety of cells including those in the heart to mediate adaptive responses to cellular stresses such as hypoxia. Since Nox4 is constitutively active, H2 O2 production is controlled by its protein abundance. Hypoxia-induced Nox4 expression is observed in various types of cells and generally thought to be regulated at the transcriptional level. Here we show that hypoxia upregulates the Nox4 protein level and Nox4-catalyzed H2 O2 production without increasing the Nox4 mRNA in rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes. In these cells, the Nox4 protein is stabilized under hypoxic conditions in a manner dependent on the presence of p22phox . Cell treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 results in a marked decrease of the Nox4 protein under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, indicating that the proteasome pathway does not play a major role in Nox4 degradation. The decrease is partially restored by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. Furthermore, the Nox4 protein level is upregulated by the lysosome inhibitors bafilomycin A1 and chloroquine. Thus, in cardiomyocytes, Nox4 appears to be degraded via an autophagy-related pathway, and its suppression by hypoxia likely stabilizes Nox4, leading to upregulation of Nox4-catalyzed H2 O2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Matsunaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Kohda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kamakura
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junya Hayase
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kei Miyano
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Shiose
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideki Sumimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
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4
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Malektaj H, Nour S, Imani R, Siadati MH. Angiogenesis induction as a key step in cardiac tissue Regeneration: From angiogenic agents to biomaterials. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123233. [PMID: 37460050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. After myocardial infarction, the vascular supply of the heart is damaged or blocked, leading to the formation of scar tissue, followed by several cardiac dysfunctions or even death. In this regard, induction of angiogenesis is considered as a vital process for supplying nutrients and oxygen to the cells in cardiac tissue engineering. The current review aims to summarize different approaches of angiogenesis induction for effective cardiac tissue repair. Accordingly, a comprehensive classification of induction of pro-angiogenic signaling pathways through using engineered biomaterials, drugs, angiogenic factors, as well as combinatorial approaches is introduced as a potential platform for cardiac regeneration application. The angiogenic induction for cardiac repair can enhance patient treatment outcomes and generate economic prospects for the biomedical industry. The development and commercialization of angiogenesis methods often involves collaboration between academic institutions, research organizations, and biomedical companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haniyeh Malektaj
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Fibigerstraede 16, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Shirin Nour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Rana Imani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad H Siadati
- Materials Science and Engineering Faculty, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Nabeebaccus AA, Reumiller CM, Shen J, Zoccarato A, Santos CXC, Shah AM. The regulation of cardiac intermediary metabolism by NADPH oxidases. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 118:3305-3319. [PMID: 35325070 PMCID: PMC9847558 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs), enzymes whose primary function is to generate reactive oxygen species, are important regulators of the heart's physiological function and response to pathological insults. The role of NOX-driven redox signalling in pathophysiological myocardial remodelling, including processes such as interstitial fibrosis, contractile dysfunction, cellular hypertrophy, and cell survival, is well recognized. While the NOX2 isoform promotes many detrimental effects, the NOX4 isoform has attracted considerable attention as a driver of adaptive stress responses both during pathology and under physiological states such as exercise. Recent studies have begun to define some of the NOX4-modulated mechanisms that may underlie these adaptive responses. In particular, novel functions of NOX4 in driving cellular metabolic changes have emerged. Alterations in cellular metabolism are a recognized hallmark of the heart's response to physiological and pathological stresses. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles of NOX enzymes as important modulators of cellular intermediary metabolism in the heart, linking stress responses not only to myocardial energetics but also other functions. The novel interplay of NOX-modulated redox signalling pathways and intermediary metabolism in the heart is unravelling a new aspect of the fascinating biology of these enzymes which will inform a better understanding of how they drive adaptive responses. We also discuss the implications of these new findings for therapeutic approaches that target metabolism in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam A Nabeebaccus
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Christina M Reumiller
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Anna Zoccarato
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Celio X C Santos
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ajay M Shah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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6
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Jiang Z, Wu L, van der Leeden B, van Rossum AC, Niessen HW, Krijnen PA. NOX2 and NOX5 are increased in cardiac microvascular endothelium of deceased COVID-19 patients. Int J Cardiol 2023; 370:454-462. [PMID: 36332749 PMCID: PMC9625847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.10.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac injury and inflammation are common findings in COVID-19 patients. Autopsy studies have revealed cardiac microvascular endothelial damage and thrombosis in COVID-19 patients, indicative of microvascular dysfunction in which reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a role. We explored whether the ROS producing proteins NOX2, NOX4 and NOX5 are involved in COVID-19-induced cardio-microvascular endothelial dysfunction. METHODS Heart tissue were taken from the left (LV) and right (RV) ventricle of COVID-19 patients (n = 15) and the LV of controls (n = 14) at autopsy. The NOX2-, NOX4-, NOX5- and Nitrotyrosine (NT)-positive intramyocardial blood vessels fractions were quantitatively analyzed using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The LV NOX2+, NOX5+ and NT+ blood vessels fractions in COVID-19 patients were significantly higher than in controls. The fraction of NOX4+ blood vessels in COVID-19 patients was comparable with controls. In COVID-19 patients, the fractions of NOX2+, NOX5+ and NT+ vessels did not differ significantly between the LV and RV, and correlated positively between LV and RV in case of NOX5 (r = 0.710; p = 0.006). A negative correlation between NOX5 and NOX2 (r = -0.591; p = 0.029) and between NOX5 and disease time (r = -0.576; p = 0.034) was noted in the LV of COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION We show the induction of NOX2 and NOX5 in the cardiac microvascular endothelium in COVID-19 patients, which may contribute to the previously observed cardio-microvascular dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. The exact roles of these NOXes in pathogenesis of COVID-19 however remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Corresponding author at: Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Room number L2-111, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Linghe Wu
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Britt van der Leeden
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, AUMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert C. van Rossum
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Cardiology, AUMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans W.M. Niessen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Cardiac Surgery, AUMC, Location AMC and VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul A.J. Krijnen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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7
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Xin C, Zhang J, Hao N, Wang J, Liu H, Wei H, Wang Y, Wang C, Wang S, Zheng C, Zhang Z, Jin Z. Irisin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in HG/HF incubated cardiac microvascular endothelial cells with H/R injury. Microcirculation 2022; 29:e12786. [PMID: 36151930 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE NLRP3 inflammasome mediates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury and diabetic vascular endothelia dysfunction. However, the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in MI/R injury with diabetes has not been fully described. Irisin plays an important role in anti-inflammation and improves endothelial function in type 2 diabetes. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of irisin on regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation in diabetic vascular endothelia dysfunction. METHODS Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) were cultured and subjected to high glucose/high fat (HG/HF) receiving hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) with irisin incubation or not. Then, apoptosis, viability, migration, NO secretion, and inflammasome activation were examined. RESULTS The hypoxic CMECs exhibited increased apoptosis, impaired viability, and migration, even decreased NO secretion and enhanced inflammasome activation. Moreover, irisin incubation decreased NLRP3 activation and attenuated cell injury in HG/HF cultured CMECs subjected to H/R injury, which was abolished by NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Meanwhile, NLRP3 inflammasome siRNA also attenuated H/R injury in CMECs under HG/HF condition. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated for the first time that irisin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in CMECs as a novel mechanism in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xin
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jinglong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ningbo Hao
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hanwen Wei
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengzhu Wang
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chengrong Zheng
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhitao Jin
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
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8
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Wen X, Peng Y, Gao M, Zhu Y, Zhu Y, Yu F, Zhou T, Shao J, Feng L, Ma X. Endothelial Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Channel Regulates Angiogenesis and Promotes Recovery After Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e023678. [PMID: 35253458 PMCID: PMC9075314 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.023678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background
Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels play a role in angiogenesis. However, the involvement of TRPC1 in myocardial infarction (MI) remains unclear. The present study was aimed at investigating whether TRPC1 can improve the recovery of cardiac function via prompting angiogenesis following MI.
Methods and Results
In vitro, coronary artery endothelial cells from floxed TRPC1 mice and endothelial cell‐specific TRPC1 channel knockout mice were cultured to access EC angiogenesis. Both EC tube formation and migration were significantly suppressed in mouse coronary artery endothelial cells from endothelial cell‐specific TRPC1 channel knockout mice. In vivo, coronary artery endothelial cells from floxed TRPC1 and endothelial cell‐specific TRPC1 channel knockout mice were subjected to MI, then echocardiography, triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and immunofluorescence were performed to assess cardiac repair on day 28. Endothelial cell‐specific TRPC1 channel knockout mice had higher ejection fraction change, larger myocardial infarct size, and reduced capillary density in the infarct area compared with coronary artery endothelial cells from floxed TRPC1 mice. Furthermore, we found underlying regulation by HIF‐1α (hypoxic inducible factor‐1α) and MEK‐ERK (mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase) that could be the mechanism for the angiogenetic action of TRPC1. Significantly, treatment with dimethyloxaloylglycine, an activator of HIF‐1α, induced cardiac improvement via the HIF‐1α‐TRPC1‐MEK/ERK pathway in MI mice.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated TRPC1 improves cardiac function after MI by increasing angiogenesis via the upstream regulator HIF‐1α and downstream MEK/ERK, and dimethyloxaloylglycine treatment has protective effect on MI through the HIF‐1α‐TRPC1‐MEK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Yidi Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Mengru Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Yuzhong Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Yifei Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Fan Yu
- Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Jing Shao
- Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Lei Feng
- Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Xin Ma
- Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Jiangnan University Wuxi China
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9
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Cross-Talk between NADPH Oxidase and Mitochondria: Role in ROS Signaling and Angiogenesis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081849. [PMID: 32781794 PMCID: PMC7466096 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a new vessel formation from the pre-existing ones, is essential for embryonic development, wound repair and treatment of ischemic heart and limb diseases. However, dysregulated angiogenesis contributes to various pathologies such as diabetic retinopathy, atherosclerosis and cancer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from NADPH oxidase (NOX) as well as mitochondria play an important role in promoting the angiogenic switch from quiescent endothelial cells (ECs). However, how highly diffusible ROS produced from different sources and location can communicate with each other to regulate angiogenesis remains unclear. To detect a localized ROS signal in distinct subcellular compartments in real time in situ, compartment-specific genetically encoded redox-sensitive fluorescence biosensors have been developed. Recently, the intercellular communication, “cross-talk”, between ROS derived from NOX and mitochondria, termed “ROS-induced ROS release”, has been proposed as a mechanism for ROS amplification at distinct subcellular compartments, which are essential for activation of redox signaling. This “ROS-induced ROS release” may represent a feed-forward mechanism of localized ROS production to maintain sustained signaling, which can be targeted under pathological conditions with oxidative stress or enhanced to promote therapeutic angiogenesis. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge regarding the role of the cross-talk between NOX and mitochondria organizing the sustained ROS signaling involved in VEGF signaling, neovascularization and tissue repair.
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10
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Wang J, Toan S, Zhou H. New insights into the role of mitochondria in cardiac microvascular ischemia/reperfusion injury. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:299-314. [PMID: 32246225 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09720-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As reperfusion therapies have become more widely used in acute myocardial infarction patients, ischemia-induced myocardial damage has been markedly reduced, but reperfusion-induced cardiac injury has become increasingly evident. The features of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury include microvascular perfusion defects, platelet activation and sequential cardiomyocyte death due to additional ischemic events at the reperfusion stage. Microvascular obstruction, defined as a no-reflow phenomenon, determines the infarct zone, myocardial function and peri-operative mortality. Cardiac microvascular endothelial cell injury may occur much earlier and with much greater severity than cardiomyocyte injury. Endothelial cells contain fewer mitochondria than other cardiac cells, and several of the pathological alterations during cardiac microvascular I/R injury involve mitochondria, such as increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) levels and disturbed mitochondrial dynamics. Although mROS are necessary physiological second messengers, high mROS levels induce oxidative stress, endothelial senescence and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission, fusion and mitophagy, determine the shape, distribution, size and function of mitochondria. These adaptive responses modify extracellular signals and orchestrate intracellular processes such as cell proliferation, migration, metabolism, angiogenesis, permeability transition, adhesive molecule expression, endothelial barrier function and anticoagulation. In this review, we discuss the involvement of mROS and mitochondrial morphofunction in cardiac microvascular I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Sam Toan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China. .,Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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11
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Bartman CM, Eckle T. Circadian-Hypoxia Link and its Potential for Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1075-1090. [PMID: 31096895 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190516081612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Throughout the evolutionary time, all organisms and species on Earth evolved with an adaptation to consistent oscillations of sunlight and darkness, now recognized as 'circadian rhythm.' Single-cellular to multisystem organisms use circadian biology to synchronize to the external environment and provide predictive adaptation to changes in cellular homeostasis. Dysregulation of circadian biology has been implicated in numerous prevalent human diseases, and subsequently targeting the circadian machinery may provide innovative preventative or treatment strategies. Discovery of 'peripheral circadian clocks' unleashed widespread investigations into the potential roles of clock biology in cellular, tissue, and organ function in healthy and diseased states. Particularly, oxygen-sensing pathways (e.g. hypoxia inducible factor, HIF1), are critical for adaptation to changes in oxygen availability in diseases such as myocardial ischemia. Recent investigations have identified a connection between the circadian rhythm protein Period 2 (PER2) and HIF1A that may elucidate an evolutionarily conserved cellular network that can be targeted to manipulate metabolic function in stressed conditions like hypoxia or ischemia. Understanding the link between circadian and hypoxia pathways may provide insights and subsequent innovative therapeutic strategies for patients with myocardial ischemia. This review addresses our current understanding of the connection between light-sensing pathways (PER2), and oxygen-sensing pathways (HIF1A), in the context of myocardial ischemia and lays the groundwork for future studies to take advantage of these two evolutionarily conserved pathways in the treatment of myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Marie Bartman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, Graduate Training Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells, and Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Tobias Eckle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, Graduate Training Program in Cell Biology, Stem Cells, and Development, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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12
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Alves R, Suehiro CL, Oliveira FGD, Frantz EDC, Medeiros RFD, Vieira RDP, Martins MDA, Lin CJ, Nobrega ACLD, Toledo-Arruda ACD. Aerobic exercise modulates cardiac NAD(P)H oxidase and the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in a mouse model of chronic fructose consumption. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:59-69. [PMID: 31647720 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00201.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of exercise on the cardiac nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) factor 2 (NRF2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) pathway in an experimental model of chronic fructose consumption. Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to Control, Fructose (20% fructose in drinking water), Exercise (treadmill exercise at moderate intensity), and Fructose + Exercise groups ( n = 10). After 12 wk, the energy intake and body weight in the groups were similar. Maximum exercise testing, resting energy expenditure, resting oxygen consumption, and carbon dioxide production increased in the exercise groups (Exercise and Fructose + Exercise vs. Control and Fructose groups, P < 0.05). Chronic fructose intake induced circulating hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperleptinemia and increased white adipose tissue depots, with no changes in blood pressure. This metabolic environment increased circulating IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiac NF-κB-p65 and TNF-α expression, which were reduced by exercise ( P < 0.05). Cardiac ANG II type 1 receptor and NAD(P)H oxidase 2 (NOX2) were increased by fructose intake and exercise decreased this response ( P < 0.05). Exercise increased the cardiac expression of the NRF2-to-KEAP1 ratio and phase II antioxidants in fructose-fed mice ( P < 0.05). NOX4, glutathione reductase, and catalase protein expression were similar between the groups. These findings suggest that exercise confers modulatory cardiac effects, improving antioxidant defenses through the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway and decreasing oxidative stress, representing a potential nonpharmacological approach to protect against fructose-induced cardiometabolic diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to evaluate the cardiac modulation of NAD(P)H oxidase (NOX), the NRF2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 pathway (KEAP), and the thioredoxin (TRX1) system through exercise in the presence of moderate fructose intake. We demonstrated a novel mechanism by which exercise improves cardiac antioxidant defenses in an experimental model of chronic fructose intake, which involves NRF2-to-KEAP1 ratio modulation, enhancing the local phase II antioxidants hemoxygenase-1, thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD1), and peroxiredoxin1B (PDRX1), and inhibiting cardiac NOX2 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Alves
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology-INCT (In)activity and Exercise, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-Niterói (RJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camila Liyoko Suehiro
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Garcia de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology-INCT (In)activity and Exercise, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-Niterói (RJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliete Dalla Corte Frantz
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology-INCT (In)activity and Exercise, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-Niterói (RJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Frauches de Medeiros
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology-INCT (In)activity and Exercise, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-Niterói (RJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo de Paula Vieira
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Santos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Universidade Brasil, Campus Itaquera, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Anhembi Morumbi University, São José dos Campos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Chin Jia Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Claudio Lucas da Nobrega
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology-INCT (In)activity and Exercise, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-Niterói (RJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Choqueta de Toledo-Arruda
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology-INCT (In)activity and Exercise, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-Niterói (RJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Inulin with a low degree of polymerization protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 216:97-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tejero J, Shiva S, Gladwin MT. Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:311-379. [PMID: 30379623 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00036.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a small free radical with critical signaling roles in physiology and pathophysiology. The generation of sufficient NO levels to regulate the resistance of the blood vessels and hence the maintenance of adequate blood flow is critical to the healthy performance of the vasculature. A novel paradigm indicates that classical NO synthesis by dedicated NO synthases is supplemented by nitrite reduction pathways under hypoxia. At the same time, reactive oxygen species (ROS), which include superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, are produced in the vascular system for signaling purposes, as effectors of the immune response, or as byproducts of cellular metabolism. NO and ROS can be generated by distinct enzymes or by the same enzyme through alternate reduction and oxidation processes. The latter oxidoreductase systems include NO synthases, molybdopterin enzymes, and hemoglobins, which can form superoxide by reduction of molecular oxygen or NO by reduction of inorganic nitrite. Enzymatic uncoupling, changes in oxygen tension, and the concentration of coenzymes and reductants can modulate the NO/ROS production from these oxidoreductases and determine the redox balance in health and disease. The dysregulation of the mechanisms involved in the generation of NO and ROS is an important cause of cardiovascular disease and target for therapy. In this review we will present the biology of NO and ROS in the cardiovascular system, with special emphasis on their routes of formation and regulation, as well as the therapeutic challenges and opportunities for the management of NO and ROS in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Tejero
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; and Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; and Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; and Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Zhang Z, Trautz B, Kračun D, Vogel F, Weitnauer M, Hochkogler K, Petry A, Görlach A. Stabilization of p22phox by Hypoxia Promotes Pulmonary Hypertension. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:56-73. [PMID: 30044141 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoxia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH), a potentially fatal disorder characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy. However, how they are linked in the context of PH is not completely understood. We, therefore, investigated the role of the NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox in the response to hypoxia both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We found that hypoxia decreased ubiquitinylation and proteasomal degradation of p22phox dependent on prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) and the E3 ubiquitin ligase protein von Hippel Lindau (pVHL), which resulted in p22phox stabilization and accumulation. p22phox promoted vascular proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis under normoxia and hypoxia. Increased levels of p22phox were also detected in lungs and hearts from mice with hypoxia-induced PH. Mice harboring a point mutation (Y121H) in the p22phox gene, which resulted in decreased p22phox stability and subsequent loss of this protein, were protected against hypoxia-induced PH. Mechanistically, p22phox contributed to ROS generation under normoxia, hypoxia, and hypoxia/reoxygenation. p22phox increased the levels and activity of HIF1α, the major cellular regulator of hypoxia adaptation, under normoxia and hypoxia, possibly by decreasing the levels of the PHD cofactors ascorbate and iron(II), and it contributed to the downregulation of the tumor suppressor miR-140 by hypoxia. INNOVATION These data identify p22phox as an important regulator of the hypoxia response both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION p22phox-dependent NADPH oxidases contribute to the pathophysiology of PH induced by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuwen Zhang
- 1 Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Trautz
- 1 Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Damir Kračun
- 1 Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frederick Vogel
- 1 Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Weitnauer
- 1 Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Hochkogler
- 1 Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany .,2 DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance , Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Petry
- 1 Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Agnes Görlach
- 1 Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich at the Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany .,2 DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance , Munich, Germany
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16
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Asensio-Lopez MDC, Lax A, Fernandez Del Palacio MJ, Sassi Y, Hajjar RJ, Pascual-Figal DA. Pharmacological inhibition of the mitochondrial NADPH oxidase 4/PKCα/Gal-3 pathway reduces left ventricular fibrosis following myocardial infarction. Transl Res 2018; 199:4-23. [PMID: 29753686 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although the initial reparative fibrosis after myocardial infarction (MI) is crucial for preventing rupture of the ventricular wall, an exaggerated fibrotic response and reactive fibrosis outside the injured area are detrimental. Although metformin prevents adverse cardiac remodeling, as well as provides glycemic control, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly documented. This study describes the effect of mitochondrial NADPH oxidase 4 (mitoNox) and protein kinase C-alpha (PKCα) on the cardiac fibrosis and galectin 3 (Gal-3) expression. Randomly rats underwent MI, received metformin or saline solution. A model of biomechanical strain and co-culturewas used to enable cross talk between cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. Long-term metformin treatment after MIwas associated with (1) a reduction in myocardial fibrosis and Gal-3 levels; (2) an increase in adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) α1/α2 levels; and (3) an inhibition of both mRNA expression and enzymatic activities of mitoNox and PKCα. These findings were replicated in the cellular model, where the silencing of AMPK expression blocked the ability of metformin to protect cardiomyocytes from strain. The use of specific inhibitors or small interference RNA provided evidence that PKCα is downstream of mitoNox, and that the activation of this pathway results in Gal-3 upregulation.The Gal-3 secreted by cardiomyocytes has a paracrine effect on cardiac fibroblasts, inducing their activation. In conclusion, a metformin-induced increase in AMPK improves myocardial remodeling post-MI, which is related to the inhibition of the mitoNox/PKCα/Gal-3 pathway. Manipulation of this pathway might offer new therapeutic options against adverse cardiac remodeling, in terms of preventing the activation of the present fibroblast population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Lax
- Biomedical Research Institute Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | | | - Yassine Sassi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Roger J Hajjar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Domingo A Pascual-Figal
- Cardiology Department, Clinic and Universitary Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER in Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
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Holistic Regulation of Angiogenesis with Chinese Herbal Medicines as a New Option for Coronary Artery Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3725962. [PMID: 30186354 PMCID: PMC6110048 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3725962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Effectively improving myocardial blood flow and controlling atherosclerotic plaque have always been key and difficult points in the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). Although “therapeutic angiogenesis” is regarded as a promising approach for ischemic heart disease by improving blood flow, angiogenesis itself can induce the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaque, which reflects the double-edged role of angiogenesis. Modulating the balance of angiogenesis can be an important target for CAD treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) emphasizes the holistic view and dynamic balance of the body. Furthermore, the principle of activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis (ABCRS) is closely connected with angiogenesis and CAD. Recent research suggests that Chinese herbal medicines for ABCRS are effective in balancing the regulation of angiogenesis. This review presents the progress of recent research on the angiogenesis regulation with Chinese herbal medicines for ABCRS in CAD. Moreover, this review demonstrates that Chinese herbal medicines for ABCRS can not only promote angiogenesis in the ischemic area to improve myocardial blood flow but also alleviate angiogenesis to stabilize plaque in atherosclerosis, which reflects the holistic regulatory role in CAD treatment.
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18
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Fashioning blood vessels by ROS signalling and metabolism. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 80:35-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Guo X, Jiang H, Chen J, Zhang BF, Hu Q, Yang S, Yang J, Zhang J. RP105 ameliorates hypoxia̸reoxygenation injury in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells by suppressing TLR4̸MAPKs̸NF-κB signaling. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:505-513. [PMID: 29693119 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The radioprotective 105 kDa protein (RP105) has been implicated in the pathological process of multiple cardiovascular diseases through its functional and physical interactions with Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4). However, the effects of RP105 on cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) in response to hypoxia̸reoxygenation (H̸R) injury have not been extensively investigated. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the potential roles of RP105 in the protection of CMECs against H̸R injury, and investigate the underlying mechanisms. CMECs isolated from Sprague‑Dawley rats were transduced with adenoviral vectors encoding RP105 or green fluorescent protein (GFP). At 48 h post‑transfection, CMECs were subjected to hypoxia for 4 h and reoxygenation for 2 h (H̸R) to simulate the in vivo ischemia̸reperfusion model. The mRNA and protein levels of RP105 were detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. The effects of RP105 on CMEC proliferation, migration and apoptosis were measured by GFP‑8, Transwell chamber and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The secretion of interleukin (IL)‑6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α in the culture medium was measured by ELISA. Moreover, the expression level of TLR4, p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1̸2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, nuclear factor (NF)‑κB̸p65, IL‑6, TNF‑α and intercellular adhesion melecule‑1 was evaluated by western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that RP105 was minimally expressed in CMECs subjected to H̸R injury. Overexpression of RP105 via adenoviral vectors was able to significantly protect CMECs against H̸R injury, as evidenced by the promotion of cell proliferation and migration, as well as the amelioration of inflammation and apoptosis. These beneficial effects were at least partly mediated through inhibition of TLR4̸MAPKs̸NF‑κB signaling. Therefore, RP105 may be a promising candidate for prevention against CMECs‑associated H̸R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Fang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
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Wang Y, Han X, Fu M, Wang J, Song Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhou J, Ge J. Qiliqiangxin attenuates hypoxia-induced injury in primary rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells via promoting HIF-1α-dependent glycolysis. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2791-2803. [PMID: 29502357 PMCID: PMC5908112 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protection of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) against hypoxia injury is an important therapeutic strategy for treating ischaemic cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated the effects of qiliqiangxin (QL) on primary rat CMECs exposed to hypoxia and the underlying mechanisms. Rat CMECs were successfully isolated and passaged to the second generation. CMECs that were pre-treated with QL (0.5 mg/mL) and/or HIF-1α siRNA were cultured in a three-gas hypoxic incubator chamber (5% CO2 , 1% O2 , 94% N2 ) for 12 hours. Firstly, we demonstrated that compared with hypoxia group, QL effectively promoted the proliferation while attenuated the apoptosis, improved mitochondrial function and reduced ROS generation in hypoxic CMECs in a HIF-1α-dependent manner. Meanwhile, QL also promoted angiogenesis of CMECs via HIF-1α/VEGF signalling pathway. Moreover, QL improved glucose utilization and metabolism and increased ATP production by up-regulating HIF-1α and a series of glycolysis-relevant enzymes, including glucose transport 1 (GLUT1), hexokinase 2 (HK2), 6-phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). Our findings indicate that QL can protect CMECs against hypoxia injury via promoting glycolysis in a HIF-1α-dependent manner. Lastly, the results suggested that QL-dependent enhancement of HIF-1α protein expression in hypoxic CMECs was associated with the regulation of AMPK/mTOR/HIF-1α pathway, and we speculated that QL also improved HIF-1α stabilization through down-regulating prolyl hydroxylases 3 (PHD3) expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueting Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingqiang Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zoucheng Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Jining medical university, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jingmin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Cadenas S. ROS and redox signaling in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and cardioprotection. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 117:76-89. [PMID: 29373843 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 516] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is central to the pathology of major cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. IR injury is mediated by several factors including the elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which occurs particularly at reperfusion. The mitochondrial respiratory chain and NADPH oxidases of the NOX family are major sources of ROS in cardiomyocytes. The first part of this review discusses recent findings and controversies on the mechanisms of superoxide production by the mitochondrial electron transport chain during IR injury, as well as the contribution of the NOX isoforms expressed in cardiomyocytes, NOX1, NOX2 and NOX4, to this damage. It then focuses on the effects of ROS on the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), an inner membrane non-selective pore that causes irreversible damage to the heart. The second part analyzes the redox mechanisms of cardiomyocyte mitochondrial protection; specifically, the activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway and the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2, which are both regulated by the cellular redox state. Redox mechanisms involved in ischemic preconditioning, one of the most effective ways of protecting the heart against IR injury, are also reviewed. Interestingly, several of these protective pathways converge on the inhibition of mPTP opening during reperfusion. Finally, the clinical and translational implications of these cardioprotective mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Cadenas
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM) and Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Vara D, Watt JM, Fortunato TM, Mellor H, Burgess M, Wicks K, Mace K, Reeksting S, Lubben A, Wheeler-Jones CPD, Pula G. Direct Activation of NADPH Oxidase 2 by 2-Deoxyribose-1-Phosphate Triggers Nuclear Factor Kappa B-Dependent Angiogenesis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:110-130. [PMID: 28793782 PMCID: PMC5725637 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Deoxyribose-1-phosphate (dRP) is a proangiogenic paracrine stimulus released by cancer cells, platelets, and macrophages and acting on endothelial cells. The objective of this study was to clarify how dRP stimulates angiogenic responses in human endothelial cells. RESULTS Live cell imaging, electron paramagnetic resonance, pull-down of dRP-interacting proteins, followed by immunoblotting, gene silencing of different NADPH oxidases (NOXs), and their regulatory cosubunits by small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection, and experiments with inhibitors of the sugar transporter glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) were utilized to demonstrate that dRP acts intracellularly by directly activating the endothelial NOX2 complex, but not NOX4. Increased reactive oxygen species generation in response to NOX2 activity leads to redox-dependent activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which, in turn, induces vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) upregulation. Using endothelial tube formation assays, gene silencing by siRNA, and antibody-based receptor inhibition, we demonstrate that the activation of NF-κB and VEGFR2 is necessary for the angiogenic responses elicited by dRP. The upregulation of VEGFR2 and NOX2-dependent stimulation of angiogenesis by dRP were confirmed in excisional wound and Matrigel plug vascularization assays in vivo using NOX2-/- mice. INNOVATION For the first time, we demonstrate that dRP acts intracellularly and stimulates superoxide anion generation by direct binding and activation of the NOX2 enzymatic complex. CONCLUSIONS This study describes a novel molecular mechanism underlying the proangiogenic activity of dRP, which involves the sequential activation of NOX2 and NF-κB and upregulation of VEGFR2. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 110-130.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Vara
- 1 Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School , Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna M Watt
- 2 Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath , Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Tiago M Fortunato
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Mellor
- 4 Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Burgess
- 5 The Healing Foundation Centre, University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Wicks
- 5 The Healing Foundation Centre, University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberly Mace
- 5 The Healing Foundation Centre, University of Manchester , Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Shaun Reeksting
- 6 Mass Spectrometry Service and Chemical Characterisation and Analysis Facility, University of Bath , Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Anneke Lubben
- 6 Mass Spectrometry Service and Chemical Characterisation and Analysis Facility, University of Bath , Bath, United Kingdom
| | | | - Giordano Pula
- 1 Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School , Exeter, United Kingdom
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23
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Li Y, Pagano PJ. Microvascular NADPH oxidase in health and disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 109:33-47. [PMID: 28274817 PMCID: PMC5482368 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The systemic and cerebral microcirculation contribute critically to regulation of local and global blood flow and perfusion pressure. Microvascular dysfunction, commonly seen in numerous cardiovascular pathologies, is associated with alterations in the oxidative environment including potentiated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent activation of redox signaling pathways. NADPH oxidases (Noxs) are a primary source of ROS in the vascular system and play a central role in cardiovascular health and disease. In this review, we focus on the roles of Noxs in ROS generation in resistance arterioles and capillaries, and summarize their contributions to microvascular physiology and pathophysiology in both systemic and cerebral microcirculation. In light of the accumulating evidence that Noxs are pivotal players in vascular dysfunction of resistance arterioles, selectively targeting Nox isozymes could emerge as a novel and effective therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating microvascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Patrick J Pagano
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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24
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Handy DE, Loscalzo J. Responses to reductive stress in the cardiovascular system. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 109:114-124. [PMID: 27940350 PMCID: PMC5462861 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing appreciation that reductive stress represents a disturbance in the redox state that is harmful to biological systems. On a cellular level, the presence of increased reducing equivalents and the lack of beneficial fluxes of reactive oxygen species can prevent growth factor-mediated signaling, promote mitochondrial dysfunction, increase apoptosis, and decrease cell survival. In this review, we highlight the importance of redox balance in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and consider the tenuous balance between oxidative and reductive stress. We explain the role of reductive stress in models of protein aggregation-induced cardiomyopathies, such as those caused by mutations in αB-crystallin. In addition, we discuss the role of NADPH oxidases in models of heart failure and ischemia-reperfusion to illustrate how oxidants may mediate the adaptive responses to injury. NADPH oxidase 4, a hydrogen peroxide generator, also has a major role in promoting vascular homeostasis through its regulation of vascular tone, angiogenic responses, and effects on atherogenesis. In contrast, the lack of antioxidant enzymes that reduce hydrogen peroxide, such as glutathione peroxidase 1, promotes vascular remodeling and is deleterious to endothelial function. Thus, we consider the role of oxidants as necessary signals to promote adaptive responses, such as the activation of Nrf2 and eNOS, and the stabilization of Hif1. In addition, we discuss the adaptive metabolic reprogramming in hypoxia that lead to a reductive state, and the subsequent cellular redistribution of reducing equivalents from NADH to other metabolites. Finally, we discuss the paradoxical ability of excess reducing equivalents to stimulate oxidative stress and promote injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Handy
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA.
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25
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Fan W, Han D, Sun Z, Ma S, Gao L, Chen J, Li X, Li X, Fan M, Li C, Hu D, Wang Y, Cao F. Endothelial deletion of mTORC1 protects against hindlimb ischemia in diabetic mice via activation of autophagy, attenuation of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 108:725-740. [PMID: 28473248 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) complicated with diabetes mellitus (DM) still remains a thorny issue due to lack of effective strategies. Our previous study has demonstrated that inhibition of mTORC1 protected adipose-derived stromal cells from hindlimb ischemic injury in PAD mice. However, whether inhibition of mTORC1 could protect against PAD in diabetes mellitus and the underlying mechanisms remained elusive. In this study, we employed endothelial-specific raptor (an essential component of the mTORC1 signaling complex) knockout (KO) mice (Tie2-mTORC1ko) to investigate whether and how mTORC1 downregulation could alleviate hindlimb ischemic injury in diabetic mice. Tie2-mTORC1ko mice and their wild-type littermates were intraperitoneally injected with streptozocin to induce type 1 diabetic model, after which the hyperglycemic mice were randomly allocated to sham operation or PAD operation (femoral artery ligation). The restoration of hindlimb blood perfusion and recovery of limb functions were improved in diabetic Tie2-mTORC1ko PAD mice with significant improvements of autophagy, angiogenesis and vascular integrity as well as attenuation of apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. In vitro, high glucose combining with hypoxia/serum deprivation treatment (HG+H/SD) significantly triggered apoptosis, reactive oxygen species generation and inflammation while inhibited autophagy and tube formation in HUVECs. The effect could be accentuated and attenuated by mTORC1 over-expression (TSC2 siRNA) and mTORC1 silencing (raptor siRNA), respectively. Moreover, autophagy inhibitor 3-MA could simulate the effects of TSC2 siRNA while autophagy inducer rapamycin could mimic the effects of raptor siRNA, suggesting that the beneficial effects of mTORC1 deletion were associated with autophagy induction. In conclusion, our present study demonstrates that endothelial mTORC1 deletion protects against hindlimb ischemic injury in diabetic mice possibly via activation of autophagy, attenuation of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation. Therapeutics targeting mTORC1 may therefore represents a promising strategy to rescue limb ischemia in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensi Fan
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhongchan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jiangwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miaomiao Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Congye Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yabin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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26
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The Role of NOX4 and TRX2 in Angiogenesis and Their Potential Cross-Talk. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6020042. [PMID: 28594389 PMCID: PMC5488022 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) family is the major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the vascular system. In this family, NOX4, a constitutive active form of NOXs, plays an important role in angiogenesis. Thioredoxin 2 (TRX2) is a key mitochondrial redox protein that maintains normal protein function and also provides electrons to peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3) to scavenge H₂O₂ in mitochondria. Angiogenesis, a process of new blood vessel formation, is involved in a variety of physiological processes and pathological conditions. It seems to be paradoxical for ROS-producing NOX4 and ROS-scavenging TRX2 to have a similar role in promoting angiogenesis. In this review, we will focus on data supporting the role of NOX4 and TRX2 in angiogenesis and their cross-talks and discuss how ROS can positively or negatively regulate angiogenesis, depending on their species, levels and locations. NOX4 and TRX2-mediated ROS signaling could be promising targets for the treatment of angiogenesis-related diseases.
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27
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Wang LP, Fan SJ, Li SM, Wang XJ, Gao JL, Yang XH. Oxidative stress promotes myocardial fibrosis by upregulating KCa3.1 channel expression in AGT-REN double transgenic hypertensive mice. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1061-1071. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-1984-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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28
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Ma MW, Wang J, Zhang Q, Wang R, Dhandapani KM, Vadlamudi RK, Brann DW. NADPH oxidase in brain injury and neurodegenerative disorders. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:7. [PMID: 28095923 PMCID: PMC5240251 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a common denominator in the pathology of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis, as well as in ischemic and traumatic brain injury. The brain is highly vulnerable to oxidative damage due to its high metabolic demand. However, therapies attempting to scavenge free radicals have shown little success. By shifting the focus to inhibit the generation of damaging free radicals, recent studies have identified NADPH oxidase as a major contributor to disease pathology. NADPH oxidase has the primary function to generate free radicals. In particular, there is growing evidence that the isoforms NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4 can be upregulated by a variety of neurodegenerative factors. The majority of recent studies have shown that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of NADPH oxidase enzymes are neuroprotective and able to reduce detrimental aspects of pathology following ischemic and traumatic brain injury, as well as in chronic neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to summarize evidence supporting the role of NADPH oxidase in the pathology of these neurological disorders, explores pharmacological strategies of targeting this major oxidative stress pathway, and outlines obstacles that need to be overcome for successful translation of these therapies to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merry W Ma
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ruimin Wang
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Krishnan M Dhandapani
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ratna K Vadlamudi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Medical Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Darrell W Brann
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, One Freedom Way, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, 1120 Fifteenth Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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29
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NADPH oxidase 4 deficiency increases tubular cell death during acute ischemic reperfusion injury. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38598. [PMID: 27924932 PMCID: PMC5141508 DOI: 10.1038/srep38598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is highly expressed in kidney proximal tubular cells. NOX4 constitutively produces hydrogen peroxide, which may regulate important pro-survival pathways. Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a classical model mimicking human ischemic acute tubular necrosis. We hypothesized that NOX4 plays a protective role in kidney IRI. In wild type (WT) animals subjected to IRI, NOX4 protein expression increased after 24 hours. NOX4 KO (knock-out) and WT littermates mice were subjected to IRI. NOX4 KO mice displayed decreased renal function and more severe tubular apoptosis, decreased Bcl-2 expression and higher histologic damage scores compared to WT. Activation of NRF2 was decreased in NOX4 KO mice in response to IRI. This was related to decreased KEAP1 oxidation leading to decreased NRF2 stabilization. This resulted in decreased glutathione levels. In vitro silencing of NOX4 in cells showed an enhanced propensity to apoptosis, with reduced expression of NRF2, glutathione content and Bcl-2 expression, similar to cells derived from NOX4 KO mice. Overexpression of a constitutively active form of NRF2 (caNRF2) in NOX4 depleted cells rescued most of this phenotype in cultured cells, implying that NRF2 regulation by ROS issued from NOX4 may play an important role in its anti-apoptotic property.
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30
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Hakami NY, Dusting GJ, Peshavariya HM. Trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor suppresses NADPH Oxidase 4-Derived Redox Signalling and Angiogenesis. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1932-44. [PMID: 27297729 PMCID: PMC5020625 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are known to suppress abnormal development of blood vessels. Angiogenic activity in endothelial cells depends upon NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4)-dependent redox signalling. We set out to study whether the HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) affects Nox4 expression and angiogenesis. Nox4 expression was measured by real time PCR and Western blot analysis in endothelial cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) was measured by amplex(®) red assay in endothelial cells. Nox4 was knocked down by Nox4 shRNA. In vitro angiogenic activities such migration and tubulogenesis were assessed using wound healing and Matrigel assays, respectively. In vivo angiogenic activity was assessed using subcutaneous sponge assay in C57Bl/6 and Nox4-deficient mice. Trichostatin A reduced Nox4 expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Both TSA and Nox4 silencing decreased Nox4 protein and H2 O2 . Mechanistically, TSA reduced expression of Nox4 via ubiquitination of p300- histone acetyltransferase (p300-HAT). Thus, blocking of the ubiquitination pathway using an inhibitor of ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 (PYR-41) prevented TSA inhibition of Nox4 expression. Trichostatin A also reduced migration and tube formation, and these effects were not observed in Nox4-deficient endothelial cells. Finally, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) enhanced angiogenesis in sponge model in C57BL/6 mice. This response to TGFβ1 was substantially reduced in Nox4-deficient mice. Similarly intraperitoneal infusion of TSA (1 mg/kg) also suppressed TGFβ1-induced angiogenesis in C57BL/6 mice. Trichostatin A reduces Nox4 expression and angiogenesis via inhibition of the p300-HAT-dependent pathway. This mechanism might be exploited to prevent aberrant angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy, complicated vascular tumours and malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Y Hakami
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gregory J Dusting
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hitesh M Peshavariya
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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31
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Zhang Y, Zhou H, Wu W, Shi C, Hu S, Yin T, Ma Q, Han T, Zhang Y, Tian F, Chen Y. Liraglutide protects cardiac microvascular endothelial cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury through the suppression of the SR-Ca(2+)-XO-ROS axis via activation of the GLP-1R/PI3K/Akt/survivin pathways. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 95:278-92. [PMID: 27038735 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) oxidative damage resulting from hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury is responsible for microcirculation perfusion disturbances and the progression of cardiac dysfunction. However, few strategies are available to reverse such pathologies. Here, we studied the effects and mechanisms of liraglutide on CEMCs oxidative damage, focusing in particular on calcium overload-triggered free radical injury signals and the GLP-1R/PI3K/Akt/survivin survival pathways. The results indicate that H/R increased IP3R expression but reduced SERCA2a expression, which rapidly raised intracellular Ca(2+) levels, subsequently leading to Ca(2+)-dependent xanthine oxidase (XO) activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the cellular apoptosis of CMECs. However, liraglutide pretreatment abrogated Ca(2+)-mediated oxidative apoptosis. Furthermore, liraglutide regulated the rate of IP3R/SERCA2a gene transcription and conserved SERCA2a-ATPase activity via the maintenance of ATP production under H/R, which drove excessive Ca(2+) reflux to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and inhibited Ca(2+) release from the SR, ultimately restoring Ca(2+) homeostasis. Furthermore, the regulatory role of liraglutide on Ca(2+) balance in conjunction with its up-regulation of superoxide dismutase, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase collectively scavenged the excess ROS under H/R. Moreover, we showed that liraglutide strengthened Akt phosphorylation and subsequently survivin expression. In addition, both the blockade of the GLP-1R/PI3K/Akt pathways and the siRNA-mediated knockdown of survivin abolished the protective effects of liraglutide on SR-Ca(2+) function and CMECs oxidative apoptosis. In summary, this study confirmed that H/R induced CMECs oxidative damage through the SR-Ca(2+)-XO-ROS injury signals and that liraglutide pretreatment may suppress such CMECs damage through the PI3K/Akt/survivin pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Wenbo Wu
- Department of Burn surgery and Plastic surgery, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Shi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shunying Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Tong Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Tianwen Han
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yingqian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
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32
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Iron-chelating agent desferrioxamine stimulates formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in human blood-derived neutrophils. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160031. [PMID: 27129288 PMCID: PMC5293572 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we show that iron-chelating agent desferrioxamine significantly induced the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps by human blood-derived neutrophils as visualized and quantified by immunofluorescence microscopy. Further analyses characterized biochemical mechanisms associated with the NET formation by desferrioxamine. Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation is a significant innate immune defense mechanism against microbial infection that complements other neutrophil functions including phagocytosis and degranulation of antimicrobial peptides. NETs are decondensed chromatin structures in which antimicrobial components (histones, antimicrobial peptides and proteases) are deployed and mediate immobilization of microbes. Here we describe an effect of iron chelation on the phenotype of NET formation. Iron-chelating agent desferrioxamine (DFO) showed a modest but significant induction of NETs by freshly isolated human neutrophils as visualized and quantified by immunocytochemistry against histone–DNA complexes. Further analyses revealed that NET induction by iron chelation required NADPH-dependent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as protease and peptidyl-arginine-deiminase 4 (PAD4) activities, three key mechanistic pathways previously linked to NET formation. Our results demonstrate that iron chelation by DFO contributes to the formation of NETs and suggest a target for pharmacological manipulation of NET activity.
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33
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Kim HJ, Magesh V, Lee JJ, Kim S, Knaus UG, Lee KJ. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 increases cancer cell invasion by modulating hydrogen peroxide generated via NADPH oxidase 4. Oncotarget 2016; 6:16287-303. [PMID: 25915537 PMCID: PMC4599270 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the role of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) in the production of ROS and tumor invasion. UCH-L1 was found to increase cellular ROS levels and promote cell invasion. Silencing UCH-L1, as well as inhibition of H2O2 generation by catalase or by DPI, a NOX inhibitor, suppressed the migration potential of B16F10 cells, indicating that UCH-L1 promotes cell migration by up-regulating H2O2 generation. Silencing NOX4, which generates H2O2, with siRNA eliminated the effect of UCH-L1 on cell migration. On the other hand, NOX4 overexpressed in HeLa cells happens to be ubiquitinated, and NOX4 following deubiquitination by UCH-L1, restored H2O2-generating activity. These in vitro findings are consistent with the results obtained in vivo with catalase (−/−) C57BL/6J mice. When H2O2 and UCH-L1 levels were independently varied in these animals, the former by infecting with H2O2-scavenging adenovirus-catalase, and the latter by overexpressing or silencing UCH-L1, pulmonary metastasis of B16F10 cells overexpressing UCH-L1 increased significantly in catalase (−/−) mice. In contrast, invasion did not increase when UCH-L1 was silenced in the B16F10 cells. These findings indicate that H2O2 levels regulated by UCH-L1 are necessary for cell invasion to occur and demonstrate that UCH-L1 promotes cell invasion by up-regulating H2O2 via deubiquitination of NOX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Venkataraman Magesh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ulla G Knaus
- Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kong-Joo Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Zeng C, Li H, Fan Z, Zhong L, Guo Z, Guo Y, Xi Y. Crocin-Elicited Autophagy Rescues Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Paradoxical Mechanisms. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:515-30. [PMID: 27109157 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Crocin, the main effective component of saffron, exerts protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion injury during strokes. However, the effects of crocin in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, and the mechanisms involved, remain unknown. Pretreated with crocin for 7 days, C57BL/6N mice were subjected to 30 min of myocardial ischemia followed by 12[Formula: see text]h of reperfusion (for cardiac function and infarct size, cell apoptosis and necrosis). Neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes were subjected to 2 h of hypoxia followed by 4 h of reoxygenation. NMCM's survival was assessed during hypoxia and reoxygenation in the presence or absence of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine or the inducer rapamycin. Western blotting was used to evaluate AMPK, Akt, and autophagy-related proteins. Autophagosome was observed using electron microscopy. In the in vivo experiment, crocin pretreatment significantly attenuated infarct size, myocardial apoptosis and necrosis, and improved left ventricular function following ischemia/reperfusion. In vitro data revealed that autophagy was induced during hypoxia, the levels of which were intensely elevated during reoxygenation. Crocin significantly promoted autophagy during ischemia, accompanied with the activation of AMPK. In contrast, crocin overtly inhibited autophagy during reperfusion, accompanied with Akt activation. Induction and inhibition of autophagy mitigated crocin induced protection against NMCMs injury during hypoxia and reoxygenation, respectively. Our data suggest that crocin demonstrated a myocardial protective effect via AMPK/mTOR and Akt/mTOR regulated autophagy against ischemia and reperfusion injury, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zeng
- * Department of Cardiology, No. 421 Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hu Li
- † Department of Cardiology, No. 422 Hospital of PLA, Zhanjiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- * Department of Cardiology, No. 421 Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhong
- * Department of Cardiology, No. 421 Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Guo
- * Department of Cardiology, No. 421 Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Guo
- * Department of Cardiology, No. 421 Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yusheng Xi
- * Department of Cardiology, No. 421 Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Mayorga M, Kiedrowski M, Shamhart P, Forudi F, Weber K, Chilian WM, Penn MS, Dong F. Early upregulation of myocardial CXCR4 expression is critical for dimethyloxalylglycine-induced cardiac improvement in acute myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 310:H20-8. [PMID: 26519029 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00449.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1):CXCR4 is important in myocardial repair. In this study we tested the hypothesis that early upregulation of cardiomyocyte CXCR4 (CM-CXCR4) at a time of high myocardial SDF-1 expression could be a strategy to engage the SDF-1:CXCR4 axis and improve cardiac repair. The effects of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) on CXCR4 expression was tested on H9c2 cells. In mice a myocardial infarction (MI) was produced in CM-CXCR4 null and wild-type controls. Mice were randomized to receive injection of DMOG (DMOG group) or saline (Saline group) into the border zone after MI. Protein and mRNA expression of CM-CXCR4 were quantified. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function. During hypoxia, DMOG treatment increased CXCR4 expression of H9c2 cells by 29 and 42% at 15 and 24 h, respectively. In vivo DMOG treatment increased CM-CXCR4 expression at 15 h post-MI in control mice but not in CM-CXCR4 null mice. DMOG resulted in increased ejection fraction in control mice but not in CM-CXCR4 null mice 21 days after MI. Consistent with greater cardiomyocyte survival with DMOG treatment, we observed a significant increase in cardiac myosin-positive area within the infarct zone after DMOG treatment in control mice, but no increase in CM-CXCR4 null mice. Inhibition of cardiomyocyte death in MI through the stabilization of HIF-1α requires downstream CM-CXCR4 expression. These data suggest that engagement of the SDF-1:CXCR4 axis through the early upregulation of CM-CXCR4 is a strategy for improving cardiac repair after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Mayorga
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, and
| | - Matthew Kiedrowski
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, and
| | - Patricia Shamhart
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, and
| | - Farhad Forudi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, and
| | - Kristal Weber
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, and
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, and
| | - Marc S Penn
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, and Summa Cardiovascular Institute, Summa Health System, Akron, Ohio
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, and
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Granger DN, Kvietys PR. Reperfusion injury and reactive oxygen species: The evolution of a concept. Redox Biol 2015; 6:524-551. [PMID: 26484802 PMCID: PMC4625011 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 936] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion injury, the paradoxical tissue response that is manifested by blood flow-deprived and oxygen-starved organs following the restoration of blood flow and tissue oxygenation, has been a focus of basic and clinical research for over 4-decades. While a variety of molecular mechanisms have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) continues to receive much attention as a critical factor in the genesis of reperfusion injury. As a consequence, considerable effort has been devoted to identifying the dominant cellular and enzymatic sources of excess ROS production following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Of the potential ROS sources described to date, xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidase (Nox), mitochondria, and uncoupled nitric oxide synthase have gained a status as the most likely contributors to reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and represent priority targets for therapeutic intervention against reperfusion-induced organ dysfunction and tissue damage. Although all four enzymatic sources are present in most tissues and are likely to play some role in reperfusion injury, priority and emphasis has been given to specific ROS sources that are enriched in certain tissues, such as xanthine oxidase in the gastrointestinal tract and mitochondria in the metabolically active heart and brain. The possibility that multiple ROS sources contribute to reperfusion injury in most tissues is supported by evidence demonstrating that redox-signaling enables ROS produced by one enzymatic source (e.g., Nox) to activate and enhance ROS production by a second source (e.g., mitochondria). This review provides a synopsis of the evidence implicating ROS in reperfusion injury, the clinical implications of this phenomenon, and summarizes current understanding of the four most frequently invoked enzymatic sources of ROS production in post-ischemic tissue. Reperfusion injury is implicated in a variety of human diseases and disorders. Evidence implicating ROS in reperfusion injury continues to grow. Several enzymes are candidate sources of ROS in post-ischemic tissue. Inter-enzymatic ROS-dependent signaling enhances the oxidative stress caused by I/R. .
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Affiliation(s)
- D Neil Granger
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, United States.
| | - Peter R Kvietys
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhu D, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang X, Xin C, Zhang F, Lee Y, Zhang L, Lian K, Yan W, Ma X, Liu Y, Tao L. Irisin improves endothelial function in type 2 diabetes through reducing oxidative/nitrative stresses. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Panieri E, Santoro MM. ROS signaling and redox biology in endothelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:3281-303. [PMID: 25972278 PMCID: PMC11113497 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1928-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of redox mechanisms, sources and antioxidants that control signaling events in ECs. In particular, we describe which molecules are involved in redox signaling and how they influence the relationship between ECs and other vascular component with regard to angiogenesis. Recent and new tools to investigate physiological ROS signaling will be also discussed. Such findings are providing an overview of the ROS biology relevant for endothelial cells in the context of normal and pathological angiogenic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Panieri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo M. Santoro
- Laboratory of Endothelial Molecular Biology, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Endothelial Molecular Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Shao B, Bayraktutan U. Hyperglycaemia promotes human brain microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis via induction of protein kinase C-ßI and prooxidant enzyme NADPH oxidase. Redox Biol 2014; 2:694-701. [PMID: 24936444 PMCID: PMC4052534 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier disruption represents a key feature in hyperglycaemia-aggravated cerebral damage after an ischaemic stroke. Although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) is thought to play a critical role. This study examined whether apoptosis of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) might contribute to hyperglycaemia-evoked barrier damage and assessed the specific role of PKC in this phenomenon. Treatments with hyperglycaemia (25 mM) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, a protein kinase C activator, 100 nM) significantly increased NADPH oxidase activity, O2 (•-) generation, proapoptotic protein Bax expression, TUNEL-positive staining and caspase-3/7 activities. Pharmacological inhibition of NADPH oxidase, PKC-a, PKC-ß or PKC-ßI via their specific inhibitors and neutralisation of O2 (•-) by a cell-permeable superoxide dismutase mimetic, MnTBAP normalised all the aforementioned increases induced by hyperglycaemia. Suppression of these PKC isoforms also negated the stimulatory effects of hyperglycaemia on the protein expression of NADPH oxidase membrane-bound components, Nox2 and p22-phox which determine the overall enzymatic activity. Silencing of PKC-ßI gene through use of specific siRNAs abolished the effects of both hyperglycaemia and PMA on endothelial cell NADPH oxidase activity, O2 (•-) production and apoptosis and consequently improved the integrity and function of an in vitro model of human cerebral barrier comprising HBMEC, astrocytes and pericytes. Hyperglycaemia-mediated apoptosis of HBMEC contributes to cerebral barrier dysfunction and is modulated by sequential activations of PKC-ßI and NADPH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beili Shao
- Stroke, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Ulvi Bayraktutan
- Stroke, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
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Amanso AM, Lassègue B, Joseph G, Landázuri N, Long JS, Weiss D, Taylor WR, Griendling KK. Polymerase δ-interacting protein 2 promotes postischemic neovascularization of the mouse hindlimb. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1548-55. [PMID: 24855063 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Collateral vessel formation can functionally compensate for obstructive vascular lesions in patients with atherosclerosis. Neovascularization processes are triggered by fluid shear stress, hypoxia, growth factors, chemokines, proteases, and inflammation, as well as reactive oxygen species, in response to ischemia. Polymerase δ-interacting protein 2 (Poldip2) is a multifunctional protein that regulates focal adhesion turnover and vascular smooth muscle cell migration and modifies extracellular matrix composition. We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that loss of Poldip2 impairs collateral formation. APPROACH AND RESULTS The mouse hindlimb ischemia model has been used to understand mechanisms involved in postnatal blood vessel formation. Poldip2(+/-) mice were subjected to femoral artery excision, and functional and morphological analysis of blood vessel formation was performed after injury. Heterozygous deletion of Poldip2 decreased the blood flow recovery and spontaneous running activity at 21 days after injury. H2O2 production, as well as the activity of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9, was reduced in these animals compared with Poldip2(+/+) mice. Infiltration of macrophages in the peri-injury muscle was also decreased; however, macrophage phenotype was similar between genotypes. In addition, the formation of capillaries and arterioles was impaired, as was angiogenesis, in agreement with a decrease in proliferation observed in endothelial cells treated with small interfering RNA against Poldip2. Finally, regression of newly formed vessels and apoptosis was more pronounced in Poldip2(+/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results suggest that Poldip2 promotes ischemia-induced collateral vessel formation via multiple mechanisms that likely involve reactive oxygen species-dependent activation of matrix metalloproteinase activity, as well as enhanced vascular cell growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica M Amanso
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.M.A., B.L., G.J., J.S.L., D.W., W.R.T., K.K.G.) and The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering (W.R.T.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, GA (W.R.T.)
| | - Bernard Lassègue
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.M.A., B.L., G.J., J.S.L., D.W., W.R.T., K.K.G.) and The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering (W.R.T.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, GA (W.R.T.)
| | - Giji Joseph
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.M.A., B.L., G.J., J.S.L., D.W., W.R.T., K.K.G.) and The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering (W.R.T.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, GA (W.R.T.)
| | - Natalia Landázuri
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.M.A., B.L., G.J., J.S.L., D.W., W.R.T., K.K.G.) and The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering (W.R.T.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, GA (W.R.T.)
| | - James S Long
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.M.A., B.L., G.J., J.S.L., D.W., W.R.T., K.K.G.) and The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering (W.R.T.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, GA (W.R.T.)
| | - Daiana Weiss
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.M.A., B.L., G.J., J.S.L., D.W., W.R.T., K.K.G.) and The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering (W.R.T.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, GA (W.R.T.)
| | - W Robert Taylor
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.M.A., B.L., G.J., J.S.L., D.W., W.R.T., K.K.G.) and The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering (W.R.T.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, GA (W.R.T.)
| | - Kathy K Griendling
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.M.A., B.L., G.J., J.S.L., D.W., W.R.T., K.K.G.) and The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering (W.R.T.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, GA (W.R.T.).
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Damous LL, Nakamuta JS, Soares JM, Maciel GAR, Simões RDS, Montero EFDS, Krieger JE, Baracat EC. Females transplanted with ovaries subjected to hypoxic preconditioning show impair of ovarian function. J Ovarian Res 2014; 7:34. [PMID: 24655551 PMCID: PMC3994570 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-7-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cryopreservation of the ovarian tissue has shown promising results. However, there remain controversial issues such as the short half-life of grafts. In this aspect, there are some evidences that preconditioning the ovarian tissue before transplantation is beneficial. Objective To determine the effect of hypoxic preconditioning in vitro on ovarian tissue prior to transplantation. Methods Eighteen female adult Wistar rats, were sorted into three experimental groups. Ovaries were maintained in DMEM low glucose serum free at 37°C with 5% CO2, at atmospheric oxigen concentration (normoxia) or 1% O2 (hypoxia) for 16 hours. Oxigen concentration was determined by injection of nitrogen in the incubator. Animals submitted to ovarian transplantation immediately after oophorectomy were the Control Group (C). After this, the ovaries were implanted in the retroperitoneum with nonabsorbable suture and animals evaluated for thirty days after transplantation. Beginning on postoperative (PO) day 11, a daily collection of vaginal smear was carried out. Analyses comprised morphological, morphometric (counting ovarian follicles and corpora lutea) and immunohistochemistry for cleaved caspase-3 (apoptosis). Results In normoxia and control groups all animals recovered their estrous cycles, while in the hypoxia group, two animals did not ovulate but, among those which did, resumption took longer than in the other groups (p < 0.05). The number of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea decreased significantly in the hypoxia group when compared to the other two groups (p < 0.001) and apoptosis was increased in the few ovarian follicles which remained viable (p < 0.001). Conclusion The hypoxic preconditioning in vitro was not beneficial to the graft and worsened their viability, compromising its functionality or delaying the return of this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Lamarão Damous
- Gynecology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Gynecology (LIM-58), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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