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Wang A, Xu J, Zhang X, Liu X, Li M, Dong X, Miao S. Effects of dietary supplementation with medicinal plant mixtures and immunostimulants on the immune response, antioxidant capacity, and hepatopancreatic health of Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis). Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347736. [PMID: 39286241 PMCID: PMC11403256 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of tea polyphenols (TP) and medicinal plant mixtures (Astragalus membranaceus + Lonicera japonica, Rheum officinale Bail + Scutellaria baicalensis + Platycladus orientalis) combined with astaxanthin (AST), benzoic acid (BA), and yeast complex on the health status of Eriocheir sinensis. Method A total of 630 crabs (male crabs: 41.51 ± 1.63 g; female crabs: 47.27 ± 0.79 g) were randomly distributed into seven groups with three replicates (male: female, 1:1). These crabs were fed as follows for 8 weeks: basal diet (M1), M2 (M1 + 100 mg/kg TP), M3 (M1 + 2.0 g/kg A. membranaceus + 20 g/kg L. japonica), M4 (M1 + 2.5 g/kg R. officinale Bail + 1.5 g/kg S. baicalensis + 1.0 g/kg P. orientalis), and M5, M6, M7 (M2, M3 and M4 with 600 mg/kg AST +1.0 g/kg BA + 20 mg/kg yeast complex added, respectively). Results and discussion The results showed that the activities of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and lysosome (LZM) in the hemolymph were significantly increased in M5, M6, and M7 (P < 0.05), and the highest phagocytosis index (PI) and LZM activity were observed in M7 of female crabs. Moreover, the antioxidant indicators superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) of hepatopancreas were also significantly improved in M5, M6, and M7 (P < 0.05), while the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents showed an opposite trend. Furthermore, a morphological examination also showed the improved histological structure of hepatopancreas in M7, especially as seen in the clear lumens, no vacuolation, and integrity of the basal membrane of the hepatopancreatic tubule. Taken together, these results suggested that 2.5 g/kg R. officinale Bail, 1.5 g/kg S. baicalensis, and 1.0 g/kg P. orientalis in combination with 600 mg/kg AST, 1.0 g/kg BA, and 20 mg/kg yeast complex could improve the non-specific immunity, antioxidant capacity, and hepatopancreatic health of E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anran Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuran Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengge Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shuyan Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Vijayaram S, Razafindralambo H, Ghafarifarsani H, Sun YZ, Hoseinifar SH, Van Doan H. Synergetic response on herbal and probiotic applications: a review. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1315-1329. [PMID: 38411877 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Herbs and their by-products are important traditional medicines and food supplements; they provide numerous beneficial effects for animals. Consequently, probiotics are living cell organisms, nontoxic, and friendly microbes. Probiotics have numerous beneficial activities such as inhibition of pathogens, enhancement of the immune system, growth, disease resistance, improving water quality, reducing toxic effects, synthesis of vitamins, prevention of cancer, reduction of irritable bowel syndrome, and more positive responses in animals. Herbal and probiotic combinations have more active responses and produce new substances to enhance beneficial responses in animals. Herbal and probiotic mixture report is still limited applications for animals. However, the mechanisms by which they interact with the immune system and gut microbiota in animals are largely unclear. This review provides some information on the effect of herbal and probiotic blend on animals. This review discusses current research advancements to fulfill research gaps and promote effective and healthy animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seerengaraj Vijayaram
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hary Razafindralambo
- ProBioLab, Campus Universitaire de La Faculté de Gembloux AgroBio Tech/Université de Liège, B5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Hamed Ghafarifarsani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Yun-Zhang Sun
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Functional Feed Innovation Center (FuncFeed), Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Lee SJ, Kim SH, Noh DI, Lee YS, Kim TR, Hasan MT, Lee EW, Jang WJ. Combination of Host-Associated Rummeliibacillus sp. and Microbacterium sp. Positively Modulated the Growth, Feed Utilization, and Intestinal Microbial Population of Olive Flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus). BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1443. [PMID: 37998042 PMCID: PMC10669097 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Two novel strains of Rummeliibacillus sp. and Microbacterium sp. were identified from the intestine of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and characterized in vitro as potential probiotics. Feeds without probiotic and with a 50:50 mixture of these two strains (1 × 108 CFU/g feed) were denoted as the control and Pro diets, respectively. Three randomly selected tanks (20 flounders/tank, ~11.4 g each) were used for each diet replication. After 8 weeks of feeding, the growth and feed utilization of the flounder in the Pro group improved (p < 0.05) compared to the control. Among four immune parameters, only myeloperoxidase activity was elevated in the Pro group. Serum biochemistry, intestinal microbial richness (Chao1), and diversity (Shannon index) remained unchanged (p ≥ 0.05), but phylogenetic diversity was enriched in the Pro fish intestine. Significantly lower Firmicutes and higher Proteobacteria were found in the Pro diet; the genus abundance in the control and Pro was as follows: Staphylococcus > Lactobacillus > Corynebacterium and Lactobacillus > Staphylococcus > Corynebacterium, respectively. Microbial linear discriminant scores and a cladogram analysis showed significant modulation. Therefore, the combination of two host-associated probiotics improved the growth and intestinal microbial population of flounder and could be supplemented in the Korean flounder industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jeong Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hee Kim
- Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong 53085, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-In Noh
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Kim
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Tawheed Hasan
- Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Je Jang
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
- Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Y, Qi X, Zhang Z, Jin Z, Wang G, Ling F. Effects of dietary Cetobacterium somerae on the intestinal health, immune parameters and resistance against Nocardia seriolae of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108693. [PMID: 36940785 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), one of the most important freshwater commercial fish species has been widely cultivated in China. In recent years, the nocardiosis caused by Nocardia seriolae has greatly damaged the M. salmoides industry and there is no effective treatment at present. Currently, Cetobacterium somerae, the predominant bacteria in the gut of many freshwater fishes has been reported to be associated with fish health. However, whether the native C. somerae could protect the host from N. seriolae is unclear. In this study, M. salmoides were fed with three different diets, including control diet (CD), low C. somerae diet (106 CFU/g as LD) and high C. somerae diet (108 CFU/g as HD). After 8-week feeding, growth performance, gut health index, serum enzyme activities and the expression of inflammation-related genes were tested. Results showed that the LD and HD diets had no adverse effects on the growth performance. Moreover, dietary HD enhanced gut barrier and reduced intestinal ROS and ORP, as well as increased serum enzyme activities including ACP, AKP, SOD and LZM compared to the CD group. In addition, the HD diet significantly up-regulated the expression of TNF-α, IL8, IL-1β and IL15, while down-regulating the expression of TGF-β1 and IL10 in kidney. Moreover, the expression of antibacterial genes was significantly increased in HD group after being challenged by N. seriolae. And the fish fed HD diet exhibited higher survival rate (57.5%) than that in CD (37.5%) and LD groups (42.5%). To summarize, our study demonstrates that dietary HD can enhance gut health, improve immune response and strengthen pathogen resistance, suggesting that C. somerae is a potential probiotic for defending against N. seriolae infection in M. salmoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaozhou Qi
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhongyu Zhang
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhanlin Jin
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Gaoxue Wang
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, China.
| | - Fei Ling
- Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, China.
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Midhun Sebastian Jose, Arun D, Neethu S, Radhakrishnan EK, Jyothis M. Probiotic Paenibacillus polymyxa HGA4C and Bacillus licheniformis HGA8B combination improved growth performance, enzymatic profile, gene expression and disease resistance in Oreochromisniloticus. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105951. [PMID: 36528324 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial consortium containing two bacterial strains such as Paenibacillus polymyxa HGA4C and Bacillus licheniformis HGA8B incorporated in the diet of Oreochromis niloticus at a concentration of 1 × 106 CFU g-1 (PB1) and 1 × 108 CFU g-1 (PB2) revealed the probiotic potentials of the bacterial combination. The probiotic feed enhanced the growth performance, digestive enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes in the liver and intestine. Probiotic mediated growth enhancement was further substantiated by the up-regulation of genes such as GHR-1, GHR-2, IGF-1, and IGF-2 and the up-regulation of immune-related genes viz. TLR-2, IL-10, and TNF-α were also significantly modulated by probiotics supplementation. The intestinal MUC 2 gene expression revealed the mucosal remodification and the disease resistance of the fish challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila (MTCC-1739) was improved by the probiotic supplementation. Based on these results the new probiotic supplementation feed can be possibly marketed to help aquaculture farmers to alleviate many of the problems associated with fish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midhun Sebastian Jose
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| | - Damodaran Arun
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, 3737,Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Sahadevan Neethu
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India
| | | | - Mathew Jyothis
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India.
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Effects of garlic and lemon essential oils on performance, digestibility, plasma metabolite, and intestinal health in broilers under environmental heat stress. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:430. [PMID: 36503512 PMCID: PMC9743731 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03530-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural feed additives play an important role in poultry production due to their safety and potential properties as an antioxidant and antimicrobial, as well as a growth stimulant. The present research was designed to assess the influence of dietary supplementation of either garlic, lemon essential oil, or their mixture on performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma constituents, immunity, and oxidative status, as well as intestinal development assessed by microbiota-histomorphology development in broilers under environmental heat stress. METHODS A total of 480 broiler chicks (Ross 308) at one-day-old were randomly divided into four groups (120 chicks/ group). The control group received the basal diet (CON), while the other three groups received the basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg garlic essential oil (GEO), 200 mg/kg lemon essential oil (LEO), and their mixture (GLO) 200 mg/kg diet, respectively for 35 days. RESULTS The obtained results revealed that broilers fed essential oils as a mixture or individually had an improvement in average body weight, feed conversion ratio, carcass dressing, and an increase in digestive enzymes activities compared to the control group, furthermore, there was a reduction in the mortality rate and abdominal fat content. Adding essential oils as a mixture or individually led to a decrease in (P < 0.05) blood plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and an increase in high-density lipoprotein. Broilers fed diets supplemented with essential oils as a mixture or individually had higher values of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase; while plasma malondialdehyde was lower (P < 0.05) compared to the control diet. Moreover, there was a significant enhancement in intestinal microbial content, and intestinal histological status of chickens fed with essential oils. CONCLUSIONS Conclusively, including the mixture of essential oils improved performance, nutrient digestibility, and digestive enzymes activities. It also enhanced immunity, antioxidant state, and lipid profile, and gut microbiota- histomorphology in broilers. It was proposed that the broilers diet be supplemented with a mixture of essential oils to a mitigation of the effects of heat stress.
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Li X, Huang Z, Liu H, Wang X, Chen J, Dai L, Dong S, Xiao Y, Yang L, Liu W. Screening of antagonistic bacteria against Flavobacterium columnus and its effects on growth performance and immune function of Carassius auratus. REPRODUCTION AND BREEDING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Wei LS, Goh KW, Abdul Hamid NK, Abdul Kari Z, Wee W, Van Doan H. A mini-review on co-supplementation of probiotics and medicinal herbs: Application in aquaculture. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:869564. [PMID: 36406063 PMCID: PMC9666728 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.869564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The aquaculture industry is geared toward intensification and successfully meets half of the world's demand for fish protein. The intensive farming system exposes the animal to the risk of disease outbreaks, which has economic consequences. Antibiotics are commonly used for the health management of aquaculture species. However, this has several drawbacks, including the increase in antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria and the entry of antibiotic residues into the human food chain, which is a public health and environmental concern. The potential of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and medicinal herbs as alternatives to antibiotics for the health management of aquaculture species has been investigated in numerous studies. This review discusses the potential use of combinations of probiotics and medicinal herbs as prophylactic agents in aquaculture, along with the definitions, sources, and modes of action. The positive aspects of combining probiotics and medicinal herbs on growth performance, the immune system, and disease resistance of aquaculture species are also highlighted. Overall, this review addresses the potential of combinations of probiotics and medicinal herbs as feed additives for aquaculture species and the key role of these feed additives in improving the welfare of aquaculture species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Seong Wei
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | | | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wendy Wee
- Center of Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Sumon MAA, Sumon TA, Hussain MA, Lee SJ, Jang WJ, Sharifuzzaman SM, Brown CL, Lee EW, Hasan MT. Single and Multi-Strain Probiotics Supplementation in Commercially Prominent Finfish Aquaculture: Review of the Current Knowledge. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:681-698. [PMID: 35722672 PMCID: PMC9628892 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2202.02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, common carp Cyprinus carpio, grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and rohu carp Labeo rohita are farmed commercially worldwide. Production of these important finfishes is rapidly expanding, and intensive culture practices can lead to stress in fish, often reducing resistance to infectious diseases. Antibiotics and other drugs are routinely used for the treatment of diseases and sometimes applied preventatively to combat microbial pathogens. This strategy is responsible for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance, mass killing of environmental/beneficial bacteria, and residual effects in humans. As an alternative, the administration of probiotics has gained acceptance for disease control in aquaculture. Probiotics have been found to improve growth, feed utilization, immunological status, disease resistance, and to promote transcriptomic profiles and internal microbial balance of host organisms. The present review discusses the effects of single and multi-strain probiotics on growth, immunity, heamato-biochemical parameters, and disease resistance of the above-mentioned finfishes. The application and outcome of probiotics in the field or open pond system, gaps in existing knowledge, and issues worthy of further research are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Afsar Ahmed Sumon
- Department of Marine Biology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tofael Ahmed Sumon
- Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ashraf Hussain
- Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - Su-Jeong Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Je Jang
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea,Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - S. M. Sharifuzzaman
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Christopher L. Brown
- FAO World Fisheries University Pilot Programme, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea,Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Tawheed Hasan
- Core-Facility Center for Tissue Regeneration, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea,Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh,Corresponding author Phone: +880-821-761952 Fax: + 880-821-761980 E-mail:
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Huang AG, Su LJ, He WH, Zhang FL, Wei CS, Wang YH. Natural component plumbagin as a potential antibacterial agent against Streptococcus agalactiae infection. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:815-823. [PMID: 35315084 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), can infect humans, terrestrial animals and fish. The emergence of bacterial resistance of S. agalactiae to antibiotics leads to an urgent need of exploration of new antimicrobial agents. In the study, the antibacterial activity of natural component plumbagin (PLB) against S. agalactiae was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PLB against S. agalactiae was 8 mg/L. The growth curve assay revealed that PLB could inhibit the growth of S. agalactiae. In addition, the time-killing curve showed that S. agalactiae was killed almost completely by 2-fold MIC of PLB within 12 h. Transmission electron microscopy results showed obvious severe morphological destruction and abnormal cells of S. agalactiae after treated with PLB. The pathogenicity of S. agalactiae to zebrafish was significantly decreased after preincubation with PLB for 2 h in vitro, further indicating the bactericidal activity of PLB. Interestingly, PLB could kill S. agalactiae without inducing resistance development. Furthermore, pretreatment and post-treatment assays suggested that PLB also exhibited the antibacterial activity against S. agalactiae infection in vivo by effectively reducing the bacterial load and improving the survival rate of S. agalactiae-infected zebrafish. In summary, PLB had potent antibacterial activity against S. agalactiae in vitro and in vivo, and it could be an excellent antimicrobial candidate to prevent and control S. agalactiae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Guo Huang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Lin-Jun Su
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
| | - Wei-Hao He
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Fa-Li Zhang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chao-Shuai Wei
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ying-Hui Wang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Hasan MT, Jang WJ, Lee BJ, Hur SW, Lim SG, Kim KW, Han HS, Lee EW, Bai SC, Kong IS. Dietary Supplementation of Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322 Combinations Enhance Growth and Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1277-1291. [PMID: 33713023 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09749-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to identify different ratios of Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11322 mixtures at a concentration of 1 × 108 CFU/g diet; the effects on growth and cellular and humoral immune responses and the characteristics of disease protection in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Flounder were divided into six groups and fed control diet D-1 (without Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and L. plantarum KCCM 11322), positive control diets D-2 (Bacillus sp. SJ-10 at 1 × 108 CFU/g feed) and D-3 (L. plantarum KCCM 11322 at 1 × 108 CFU/g feed); or treatment diets D-4 (3:1 Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and L. plantarum KCCM 11322 at 0.75 + 0.25 × 108 CFU/g feed), D-5 (1:1 Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and L. plantarum KCCM 11322 at 0.50 + 0.50 × 108 CFU/g feed), or D-6 (1:3 Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and L. plantarum KCCM 11322 at 0.25 + 0.75 × 108 CFU/g feed) for 8 weeks. Group D-4 demonstrated better growth and feed utilization (P < 0.05) compared with the controls and positive controls. Similar modulation was also observed in respiratory burst for all treatments and in the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 in different organs in D-4. D-4 and D-5 increased respiratory burst, superoxide dismutase, lysozyme, and myeloperoxidase activities compared with the controls, and only D-4 increased microvilli length. When challenged with 1 × 108 CFU/mL Streptococcus iniae, the fish in the D-4 and D-5 groups survived up to 14 days, whereas the fish in the other groups reached 100% mortality at 11.50 days. Collectively, a ratio-specific Bacillus sp. SJ-10 and L. plantarum KCCM 11322 mixture (3:1) was associated with elevated growth, innate immunity, and streptococcosis resistance (3:1 and 1:1) compared with the control and single probiotic diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tawheed Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea.,Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh
| | - Won Je Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Joo Lee
- Aquafeed Research Center, NIFS, Pohang, 791-923, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Hur
- Aquafeed Research Center, NIFS, Pohang, 791-923, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Gu Lim
- Aquafeed Research Center, NIFS, Pohang, 791-923, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Woong Kim
- Aquafeed Research Center, NIFS, Pohang, 791-923, Republic of Korea.,Aquaculture Management Division, NIFS, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Sob Han
- Faculty of Marine Applied Bioscience, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul C Bai
- Department of Marine Bio-Materials and Aquaculture, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Soo Kong
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Kuebutornye FKA, Abarike ED, Lu Y, Hlordzi V, Sakyi ME, Afriyie G, Wang Z, Li Y, Xie CX. Mechanisms and the role of probiotic Bacillus in mitigating fish pathogens in aquaculture. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:819-841. [PMID: 31953625 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Diseases are natural components of the environment, and many have economic implications for aquaculture and fisheries. Aquaculture is a fast-growing industry with the aim to meet the high protein demand of the ever-increasing global population; however, the emergence of diseases is a major setback to the industry. Probiotics emerged as a better solution to curb the disease problem in aquaculture among many alternatives. Probiotic Bacillus has been proven to better combat a wide range of fish pathogens relative to other probiotics in aquaculture; therefore, understanding the various mechanisms used by Bacillus in combating diseases will help improve their mode of action hence yielding better results in their combat against pathogens in the aquaculture industry. Thus, an overview of the mechanisms (production of bacteriocins, suppression of virulence gene expression, competition for adhesion sites, production of lytic enzymes, production of antibiotics, immunostimulation, competition for nutrients and energy, and production of organic acids) used by Bacillus probiotics in mitigating fish pathogens ranging from Aeromonas, Vibrio, Streptococcus, Yersinia, Pseudomonas, Clostridium, Acinetobacter, Edwardsiella, Flavobacterium, white spot syndrome virus, and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus proven to be mitigated by Bacillus have been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix K A Kuebutornye
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Emmanuel Delwin Abarike
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China.
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Vivian Hlordzi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
| | - Michael Essien Sakyi
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Gyamfua Afriyie
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Cai Xia Xie
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguang Yan East, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518120, Guangdong, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
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13
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Xiaolong G, Caihuan K, Mo Z, Xian L, Fucun W, Ying L. Effects of the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the growth, immunity, and disease resistance of Haliotis discus hannai. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:617-627. [PMID: 31465875 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of a diet containing the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the survival and growth of Haliotis discus hannai were evaluated by measuring growth and hematological parameters and the expression levels of nonspecific immune genes. In addition, the abalone's response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection was assessed. H. discus hannai (shell length: 29.35 ± 1.81 mm, body weight: 4.28 ± 0.23 g) were exposed to an 8-week culture experiment in indoor aquariums and a 2-week V. parahaemolyticus artificial infection experiment. In each experiment, the control group (C) was fed daily with the basal feed; the experimental groups were fed daily with the experimental feed, prepared by spraying B. amyloliquefaciens onto the basal feed at final concentrations of 103 (group A1), 105 (A2), and 107 (A3) cfu/g. The survival rate, body weight specific growth rate, and food conversion efficiency in A2 and A3 were significantly higher than those in A1 and C (P < 0.05). The total number of blood lymphocytes, the O2- and NO levels produced from respiratory burst, the activities of acid phosphatase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, and the expression levels of catalase and thiol peroxidase in A2 were not significantly different from those in A3, but these factors were significantly higher in A2 compared to A1 and C (P < 0.05). The total antioxidant capacity and expression levels of glutathione S-transferase in A1, A2 and A3 were significantly higher than those in C (P < 0.05). At day 9 after infection with V. parahaemolyticus, all abalone in C were dead; at the end of the experiment, the cumulative mortality of abalone in A2 was significantly lower than that in any other group (P < 0.05). Thus, the experimental feed containing 105 cfu/g B. amyloliquefaciens not only facilitated the food intake and growth of abalone, but also effectively enhanced their non-specific immunity and resistance to V. parahaemolyticus infection. In this regard, B. amyloliquefaciens may be a useful probiotic strain for abalone aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Xiaolong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ke Caihuan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhang Mo
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Li Xian
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wu Fucun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liu Ying
- Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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14
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Devi G, Harikrishnan R, Paray BA, Al-Sadoon MK, Hoseinifar SH, Balasundaram C. Effect of symbiotic supplemented diet on innate-adaptive immune response, cytokine gene regulation and antioxidant property in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:687-700. [PMID: 31002929 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Administration of probiotic, prebiotic or symbiotic supplemented diets boosts the antioxidant property, pro and/or anti-inflammatory cytokine gene transcription, innate-adaptive immunity, growth rate and feed digestibility with very low or no mortality in healthy and infected (both groups) in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas hydrophila is reported. The probiotic diet increased the white blood cell (WBC) count and globulin (GB) level significantly on or after 6th week whereas with the symbiotic diet the increase was noted two weeks earlier in both groups; the total protein (TP) level also increased significantly when fed with probiotic diet on weeks 6 and 8, whereas with symbiotic diet the significant increase manifested earlier at 4th week itself. The serum phagocytic activity (PA), respiratory burst activity (RBA), complement C3 (CC3) level, alternative complement pathway (ACP), lysozyme activity (LA), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels in head kidney (HK) leucocytes increased significantly (P < 0.05) in both groups fed with probiotic diet on weeks 6 and 8; with symbiotic diet from weeks 2-8; but with prebiotic diet only on 8th week. With probiotic diet the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities increased significantly (P < 0.05) on weeks 6 and 8; with symbiotic diet from weeks 4-8 but the prebiotics diet only on 8th week. However, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity increased significantly (P < 0.05) with probiotic diet on weeks 6 and 8 and with symbiotic diet from weeks 4-8. When healthy fish fed with any supplementation diet for a period of 30 days there was no mortality while 5%, 10%, and 10% mortality was observed in infected group fed with symbiotic, probiotic, and prebiotic supplementation diets. In head kidney (HK) leucocytes, the IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, and NF-κB gene transcriptions were significantly up-regulation in both groups when fed with probiotic diet on weeks 6 and 8, symbiotic diet from weeks 4-8 while the prebiotic diet only on 8th week. The iNOS expression was up-regulation significantly in both groups fed with probiotic and symbiotic diets on weeks 6 and 8; however, with any diet, the relative IL-10 and TGF-β gene expressions were down-regulated. The present study suggested that dietary administration of symbiotic diet elicited earlier antioxidant activity, innate-adaptive immune response, immune related cytokine gene modulation, and disease protection earlier i.e. on 4th week than with probiotic or prebiotic diets in L. rohita against A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunapathy Devi
- Department of Zoology, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, 621 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Harikrishnan
- Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Kanchipuram, 631 501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Paray
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad K Al-Sadoon
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Chellam Balasundaram
- Department of Herbal and Environmental Science, Tamil University, Thanjavur, 613 005, Tamil Nadu, India
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15
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Hekmatpour F, Kochanian P, Marammazi JG, Zakeri M, Mousavi SM. Changes in serum biochemical parameters and digestive enzyme activity of juvenile sobaity sea bream (Sparidentex hasta) in response to partial replacement of dietary fish meal with poultry by-product meal. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:599-611. [PMID: 30810848 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A 60-day experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary fish meal (FM) replacement with poultry by-product meal (PBM) on digestive enzymes, non-specific serum enzyme activity, and serum biochemical parameters of juvenile sobaity sea bream, Sparidentex hasta, weighing 29.27 ± 0.06 g. PBM replaced 0, 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55% of dietary FM in the isoproteic (50%) and isocaloric (21 kJ g-1) experimental diets. The final body weight, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio were higher in PBM15, 25, and 35 than in control, PBM45, and 55. Digestive lipase and amylase activity did not differ significantly between the dietary treatments. Significantly lower trypsin and higher chymotrypsin activity were observed at PBM55 and 45, respectively. Digestive alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased, whereas protein apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) decreased significantly with increasing levels of PBM above 35%. Hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, serum albumin, globulin, total protein, glucose, urea, uric acid, and aspartate aminotransferase did not show any significant differences between the treatments. Serum ALP, cholesterol, and calcium were higher in PBM diets than in the control diet, whereas an inverse trend was observed in triglyceride. Protein digestibility and trypsin activity and serum biochemical indices suggest that fish meal protein could be reduced up to 45% by the inclusion PBM in the formulated diets for S. hasta juveniles without any adverse effect on its overall performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hekmatpour
- Department of Fisheries, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Preeta Kochanian
- Department of Fisheries, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Zakeri
- Department of Fisheries, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Seyed-Mohammad Mousavi
- Department of Fisheries, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
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Zorriehzahra MJ, Delshad ST, Adel M, Tiwari R, Karthik K, Dhama K, Lazado CC. Probiotics as beneficial microbes in aquaculture: an update on their multiple modes of action: a review. Vet Q 2016; 36:228-241. [PMID: 27075688 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2016.1172132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wide and discriminate use of antibiotics has resulted in serious biological and ecological concerns, especially the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Probiotics, known as beneficial microbes, are being proposed as an effective and eco-friendly alternative to antibiotics. They were first applied in aquaculture species more than three decades ago, but considerable attention had been given only in the early 2000s. Probiotics are defined as live or dead, or even a component of the microorganisms that act under different modes of action in conferring beneficial effects to the host or to its environment. Several probiotics have been characterized and applied in fish and a number of them are of host origin. Unlike some disease control alternatives being adapted and proposed in aquaculture where actions are unilateral, the immense potential of probiotics lies on their multiple mechanisms in conferring benefits to the host fish and the rearing environment. The staggering number of probiotics papers in aquaculture highlights the multitude of advantages from these microorganisms and conspicuously position them in the dynamic search for health-promoting alternatives for cultured fish. This paper provides an update on the use of probiotics in finfish aquaculture, particularly focusing on their modes of action. It explores the contemporary understanding of their spatial and nutritional competitiveness, inhibitory metabolites, environmental modification capability, immunomodulatory potential and stress-alleviating mechanism. This timely update affirms the importance of probiotics in fostering sustainable approaches in aquaculture and provides avenues in furthering its research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra
- a Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases , Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) , Tehran , I.R. Iran
| | - Somayeh Torabi Delshad
- b Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases , School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University , Shiraz , I.R. Iran
| | - Milad Adel
- a Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases , Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) , Tehran , I.R. Iran
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- c Department of Veterinary Microbiology , Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidyalaya Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) , Mathura , India
| | - K Karthik
- d Division of Bacteriology and Mycology , Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar , Bareilly , India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- e Division of Pathology , Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar , Bareilly , India
| | - Carlo C Lazado
- f Section for Aquaculture , National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark , Hirtshals , Denmark
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17
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Taghizadeh M, Alizadeh SA, Asemi Z. Effect of Daily Consumption of a Synbiotic Food on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. WOMEN’S HEALTH BULLETIN 2015. [DOI: 10.17795/whb-27195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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18
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Kousha A, Ringø E. Antibacterial Effect of Aquatic Extract of Heracleum Spp. Hogweed Plants from Europe on Thirteen Different Bacteria. Pharm Chem J 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-015-1169-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Peres H, Santos S, Oliva-Teles A. Blood chemistry profile as indicator of nutritional status in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2014; 40:1339-47. [PMID: 24647468 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-014-9928-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to establish biochemical parameters with potential diagnostic value to assess the nutritional status of healthy seabass. For that purpose, triplicate groups of seabass juveniles were submitted to different feeding protocols: fed for 14 days; fed for 7 days followed by 7 days of fasting or fasted for 14 days. At the end of the trial, body, liver and viscera were randomly sampled for proximate composition analysis. Blood was also collected and the following plasma parameters were analyzed by standard clinical methods: glucose; cholesterol; triglycerides; protein; inorganic phosphorus; calcium; magnesium; alkaline phosphatase (ALP); aspartate aminotransferase; lactate dehydrogenase; creatine phosphokinase and lipase. No major effect of feed deprivation on body composition, visceral index, perivisceral and hepatic lipid content were observed, whereas hepatosomatic index and hepatic glycogen were reduced. Previous feeding conditions strongly influenced the plasma parameters in seabass. Comparatively to the fed group, plasma glucose, cholesterol and calcium levels were reduced after 2 weeks of fasting while plasma triglycerides, protein, inorganic phosphorus and ALP attained minimum levels after 1 week of fasting. Overall, enzymatic activity parameters showed higher variability than biochemistry parameters. In conclusion, during short-term starvation (<14 days) hepatic energy depots were extensively mobilized while perivisceral and body lipids reserves were preserved. Among measured parameters, plasma protein, triglycerides, inorganic phosphorus and ALP seem to have potential as predicative diagnostic tools to assess the nutritional status of seabass and may be useful to monitor feeding practices in aquaculture. Further studies are, however, required to extend results of this study to other fish size classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Peres
- Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR - Laboratório Associado), Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050, Porto, Portugal,
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20
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Tang J, Cai J, Liu R, Wang J, Lu Y, Wu Z, Jian J. Immunostimulatory effects of artificial feed supplemented with a Chinese herbal mixture on Oreochromis niloticus against Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 39:401-406. [PMID: 24925761 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of a Chinese herbal mixture (CHM) composed of astragalus, angelica, hawthorn, Licorice root and honeysuckle on immune responses and disease resistant of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus GIFT strain) were investigated in present study. Fish were fed diets containing 0 (control), 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% or 2.0% CHM (w/w) for 4 weeks. And series of immune parameters including lysozyme, cytokine genes TNF-α and IL-1β, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured during test period. After four weeks of feeding, fish were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila and mortalities were recorded. Results of this study showed that feeding Nile tilapia with CHM-supplementation diet stimulated lysozyme activity, SOD activity and POD activity in serum, induced TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression in head kidney and spleen, but decreased serum MDA content. All CHM-supplemental groups showed reduced mortalities following A. hydrophila infection compared with the group fed the control diet. These results suggested that this CHM can be applied as a tilapia feed supplement to elevate fish immunity and disease resistance against A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufen Tang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jia Cai
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ran Liu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zaohe Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
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21
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Biswas G, Korenaga H, Nagamine R, Kawahara S, Takeda S, Kikuchi Y, Dashnyam B, Yoshida T, Kono T, Sakai M. Elevated cytokine responses to Vibrio harveyi infection in the Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) treated with Lactobacillus paracasei spp. paracasei (06TCa22) isolated from the Mongolian dairy product. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:756-765. [PMID: 23769874 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of evaluating the effect of a Mongolian dairy product derived Lactobacillus paracasei spp. paracasei (strain 06TCa22) (Lpp) on the cytokine-mediated immune responses to Vibrio harveyi infection, we examined 16 cytokine expressions in the Japanese pufferfish, Takifugu rubripes. Fish were orally treated with the heat-killed Lpp at 1 mg g(-1) body weight d(-1) for 3 days. At 24 h posttreatment, fish were infected by an intramuscular injection of 0.1 mL V. harveyi bacterial suspension (10(8) cfu mL(-1)). Additionally, superoxide anion production (SAP) and phagocytic activity (PA) of head kidney cells were assessed during 120 h postinfection period. Significant up-regulation of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A/F-3, TNF-α and TNF-N), cell-mediated immune inducing (IL-12p35, IL-12p40 and IL-18), antiviral/intra-cellular pathogen killing (I-IFN-1 and IFN-γ), anti-inflammatory (IL-10) and lymphocyte agonistic (IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, IL-21 and TGF-β1) cytokines was observed in the treated fish compared to control ones during the pathogen infection. Furthermore, significantly increased SAP and PA (P < 0.01; 0.05) were recorded in the treated fish compared to untreated fish. These results suggest the beneficial role of Lpp in enhancement of cytokine-mediated immunity in the Japanese pufferfish against V. harveyi infection and application of this product as a potential fish immunostimulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Biswas
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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22
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Mucins as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in a fish-parasite model: transcriptional and functional analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65457. [PMID: 23776483 PMCID: PMC3680472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucins are O-glycosylated glycoproteins present on the apex of all wet-surfaced epithelia with a well-defined expression pattern, which is disrupted in response to a wide range of injuries or challenges. The aim of this study was to identify mucin gene sequences of gilthead sea bream (GSB), to determine its pattern of distribution in fish tissues and to analyse their transcriptional regulation by dietary and pathogenic factors. Exhaustive search of fish mucins was done in GSB after de novo assembly of next-generation sequencing data hosted in the IATS transcriptome database (www.nutrigroup-iats.org/seabreamdb). Six sequences, three categorized as putative membrane-bound mucins and three putative secreted-gel forming mucins, were identified. The transcriptional tissue screening revealed that Muc18 was the predominant mucin in skin, gills and stomach of GSB. In contrast, Muc19 was mostly found in the oesophagus and Muc13 was along the entire intestinal tract, although the posterior intestine exhibited a differential pattern with a high expression of an isoform that does not share a clear orthologous in mammals. This mucin was annotated as intestinal mucin (I-Muc). Its RNA expression was highly regulated by the nutritional background, whereas the other mucins, including Muc2 and Muc2-like, were expressed more constitutively and did not respond to high replacement of fish oil (FO) by vegetable oils (VO) in plant protein-based diets. After challenge with the intestinal parasite Enteromyxum leei, the expression of a number of mucins was decreased mainly in the posterior intestine of infected fish. But, interestingly, the highest down-regulation was observed for the I-Muc. Overall, the magnitude of the changes reflected the intensity and progression of the infection, making mucins and I-Muc, in particular, reliable markers of prognostic and diagnostic value of fish intestinal health.
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Park KH, Choi SH. The effect of mistletoe, Viscum album coloratum, extract on innate immune response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 32:1016-1021. [PMID: 22554573 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of dietary mistletoe extracts on non-specific immune response and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Tilapia fingerlings were fed with a diet containing 0 mg as a control, 10 mg, 50 mg, and 200 mg mistletoe powder kg(-1) dry diet for 80 days. The immunological parameters, respiratory burst activity, lysozyme activity, alternative complement haemolysis activity (ACH(50)), and phagocytic activity of fish were investigated following 20, 40 and 80 days of feeding. Fish were challenged with A. hydrophila on 80 days after feeding and mortalities were checked over 10 days post-infection. The results show that fish fed with mistletoe extract exhibited an increase in activity in all immunological parameters (P < 0.05) compared to the control group depending on feeding periods and doses of mistletoe. Following challenge with A. hydrophila, 42% less survivability was observed in the control group than in other experimental diet groups. The highest survival rate (83%) was shown in the group fed with a 50 mg mistletoe kg(-1) diet. The results suggest that mistletoe enables tilapia to promote immunity and be more resistant to A. hydrophila infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan-Ha Park
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, Chunbuk, Republic of Korea
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