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欧 倩, 陈 昭, 唐 静, 陈 梦, 张 云, 陈 梓, 刘 曲, 罗 俊, 汪 川. [Immunoadjuvant Effect of Chitosan Oligosaccharide and Its Feasibility of Being Used as an Adjuvant for Attenuated Live Bacteria Vector Vaccines]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:441-446. [PMID: 38645870 PMCID: PMC11026904 DOI: 10.12182/20240360207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective To study the immunoadjuvant effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), including the immune activation and the triggering of lysosomal escape, and to explore whether COS can be used as an adjuvant for attenuated live bacteria vector vaccines. Methods 1) Mouse macrophages RAW264.7 cells were cultured with COS at 0 mg/mL (the control group) and 0.1-4 mg/mL for 24 h and the effect on cell viability was measured by CCK8 assay. Mouse macrophages RAW264.7 were treated with COS at 0 (the control group), 1, 2, and 4 mg/mL for 24 h. Then, the mRNA expression levels of the cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β, and TLR4, were determined by RT-qPCR assay. 2) RAW264.7 cells were treated with 1 mL of PBS containing different components, including calcein at 50 μg/mL, COS at 2 mg/mL, and bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor, at 1 μmol/mL, for culturing. The cells were divided into the Calcein group, Calcein+COS group, and Calcein+COS+Bafilomycin A1 group accordingly. Laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to observe the phagocytosis and the intracellular fluorescence distribution of calcein, a fluorescent dye, in RAW264.7 cells in the presence or absence of COS intervention to determine whether COS was able to trigger lysosomal escape. 3) LM∆E6E7 and LI∆E6E7, the attenuated Listeria vector candidate therapeutic vaccines for cervical cancer, were encapsulated with COS at the mass concentrations of 0.5 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL, 2 mg/mL , 4 mg/mL, and 8 mg/mL. Then, the changes in zeta potential were measured to select the concentration of COS that successfully encapsulated the bacteria. Phagocytosis of the vaccine strains by RAW264.7 cells was measured before and after LM∆E6E7 and LI∆E6E7 were coated with COS at 2 mg/mL. Results 1) CCK8 assays showed that, compared with the findings for the control group, the intervention of RAW264.7 cells with COS at different concentrations for 24 h was not toxic to the cells and promoted cell proliferation, with the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). According to the RT-qPCR results, compared with those of the control group, the COS intervention up-regulated the mRNA levels of TLR4 and IFN-γ in RAW264.7 cells, while it inhibited the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β and IL-10, with the most prominent effect being observed in the 4 mg/mL COS group (P<0.05). 2) Laser scanning confocal microscopy revealed that the amount of fluorescent dye released from lysosomes into the cells was greater in the Calcein+COS group than that in the Calcein group. In other words, a greater amount of fluorescent dye was released from lysosomes into the cells under COS intervention. Furthermore, this process could be blocked by bafilomycin A1. 3) The zeta potential results showed that COS could successfully encapsulate the surface of bacteria when its mass concentration reached 2 mg/mL. Before and after the vaccine strain was encapsulated by COS, the phagocytosis of LM∆E6E7 by RAW264.7 cells was 5.70% and 22.00%, respectively, showing statistically significant differences (P<0.05); the phagocytosis of LI∆E6E7 by RAW264.7 cells was 1.55% and 6.12%, respectively, showing statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion COS has the effect of activating the immune response of macrophages and triggering lysosomal escape. The candidates strains of coated live attenuated bacterial vector vaccines can promote the phagocytosis of bacteria by macrophages. Further research is warranted to develop COS into an adjuvant for bacterial vector vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- 倩 欧
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 深圳市生医联盟生物科技集团有限公司 (深圳 518057)Shen Zhen Biomed Alliance Biotech Group Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - 昭斌 陈
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 静 唐
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 梦蝶 陈
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 云雯 张
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 梓楠 陈
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 曲 刘
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 俊容 罗
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 川 汪
- 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院 卫生检验与检疫系 (成都 610041)Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Cheng G, Hu T, Zeng Y, Yan L, Liu Y, Wang Y, Xia J, Dong H, Chen D, Cheng T, Peng G, Zhang L. Enhancing immune response, antioxidant capacity, and gut health in growing beagles through a chitooligosaccharide diet. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1283248. [PMID: 38274661 PMCID: PMC10808298 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1283248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitooligosaccharides (COS) have attracted significant attention due to their unique biological activities, water solubility, and absorbable properties. The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of COS-supplemented diets on the immune response, antioxidative capacity, hematology, serum biochemistry, and modulation of intestinal microbiota in growing beagles. Twelve weaning male beagles (6 weeks old; weighing 3.6 ± 0.6 kg) were fed either a control diet (food without COS, n = 6) or a COS-supplemented diet (n = 6) twice daily for 7 weeks. Blood samples collected at weeks 4 and 7 indicated that hematology and serum biochemistry remained unaffected by COS supplementation. Compared with the control group, the test group showed higher levels of serum antibodies against the canine distemper virus and parvovirus, higher levels of immunoglobulin A, G, and M, and increased activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase. In addition, COS was observed to modulate the intestinal flora by enhancing the presence of probiotics, such as Muribaculaceae, Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1_group, Lactobacillus, Collinsella, Blautia, and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group. In summary, a COS-supplemented diet could effectively improve dog health by regulating immune function and antioxidant responses and modulating intestinal microbiota. This study highlights the potentiality of using COS as a valuable nutraceutical for growing dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Cheng
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangchun Yan
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanglu Liu
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongjin Wang
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - JieYing Xia
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Dong
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Sichuan Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Cheng
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, China
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Mohan K, Rajan DK, Ganesan AR, Divya D, Johansen J, Zhang S. Chitin, chitosan and chitooligosaccharides as potential growth promoters and immunostimulants in aquaculture: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126285. [PMID: 37582433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
There is a stable growth in aquaculture production to avoid seafood scarcity. The usage of eco-friendly feed additives is not only associated with aquatic animal health but also reduces the risk of deleterious effects to the environment and consumers. Aquaculture researchers are seeking dietary solutions to improve the growth performance and yield of target organisms. A wide range of naturally derived compounds such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, complex carbohydrates, nutritional factors, herbs, hormones, vitamins, and cytokines was utilized as immunostimulants in aquaculture. The use of polysaccharides derived from natural resources, such as alginate, agar, laminarin, carrageenan, fucoidan, chitin, and chitosan, as supplementary feed in aquaculture species has been reported. Polysaccharides are prebiotic substances which are enhancing the immunity, disease resistance and growth of aquatic animals. Further, chitin (CT), chitosan (CTS) and chitooligosaccharides (COS) were recognized for their biodegradable properties and unique biological functions. The dietary effects of CT, CTS and COS at different inclusion levels on growth performance, immune response and gut microbiota in aquaculture species has been reviewed. The safety regulations, challenges and future outlooks of CT, CTS and COS in aquatic animals have been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Mohan
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Sri Vasavi College, Erode, Tamil Nadu 638 316, India.
| | - Durairaj Karthick Rajan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China.
| | - Abirami Ramu Ganesan
- Division of Food Production and Society, Biomarine Resource Valorisation, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Torggården, Kudalsveien 6, NO-8027 Bodø, Norway
| | - Dharmaraj Divya
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003, India
| | - Johan Johansen
- Division of Food Production and Society, Biomarine Resource Valorisation, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Torggården, Kudalsveien 6, NO-8027 Bodø, Norway
| | - Shubing Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
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Fu H, Qi M, Yang Q, Li M, Yao G, Bu W, Zheng T, Pi X. Effects of dietary chito-oligosaccharide and β-glucan on the water quality and gut microbiota, intestinal morphology, immune response, and meat quality of Chinese soft-shell turtle ( Pelodiscus sinensis). Front Immunol 2023; 14:1266997. [PMID: 38022669 PMCID: PMC10643201 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1266997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chito-oligosaccharides (COS) and β-glucan are gradually being applied in aquaculture as antioxidants and immunomodulators. However, this study examined the effects of dietary supplementation of COS and β-glucan on the water quality, gut microbiota, intestinal morphology, non-specific immunity, and meat quality of Chinese soft-shell turtle. To investigate the possible mechanisms, 3-year-old turtles were fed basal diet (CK group) and 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% COS or β-glucan supplemented diet for 4 weeks. Colon, liver, blood and muscle tissues, colon contents, water and sediment of paddy field samples were collected and analyzed after feeding 2 and 4 weeks. The results indicated that COS and β-glucan altered microbial community composition and diversity in Chinese soft-shell turtles. The relative abundance of Cellulosilyticum, Helicobacter and Solibacillus were increased after feeding COS, while Romboutsia, Akkermansia and Paraclostridium were increased after feeding β-glucan, whereas Cetobacterium, Vibrio and Edwardsiella were enriched in the control group. Furthermore, colon morphology analysis revealed that COS and β-glucan improved the length and number of intestinal villi, and the effect of 0.5% β-glucan was more obvious. Both β-glucan and COS significantly improved liver and serum lysozyme activity and antibacterial capacity. COS significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity in the liver. Further, 0.1% β-glucan significantly increased the activity of hepatic alkaline phosphatase, which closely related to the bacteria involved in lipid metabolism. Moreover, dietary supplementation with 1% COS and 1% β-glucan significantly enhanced the content of total amino acids, especially umami amino acids, in muscle tissue, with β-glucan exerting a stronger effect than COS. Additionally, these two prebiotics promoted the quality of culture water in paddy fields and reshaped the bacterial community composition of aquaculture environment. All these phenotypic changes were closely associated with the gut microbes regulated by these two prebiotics. In summary, the findings suggest that dietary supplementation with COS and β-glucan in Pelodiscus sinensis could modulate the gut microbiota, improve intestinal morphology, enhance non-specific immunity and antioxidant capacity of liver and serum, increase meat quality, and improve the culture water environment. This study provides new insights and a comprehensive understanding of the positive effects of COS and β-glucan on Pelodiscus sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Zhejiang Fisheries Technical Extension Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingman Yang
- Shaoxing Fisheries Technical Extension Center, Shaoxing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Jinhua Fisheries Technical Extension Center, Jinhua, China
| | - Gaohua Yao
- Zhejiang Fisheries Technical Extension Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weishao Bu
- Qingjiang Professional Cooperative for Ecological Farming Turtles, Lishui, China
| | - Tianlun Zheng
- Zhejiang Fisheries Technical Extension Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xionge Pi
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Rural Development, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Basawa R, Kabra S, Khile DA, Faruk Abbu RU, Parekkadan SJ, Thomas NA, Kim SK, Raval R. Repurposing chitin-rich seafood waste for warm-water fish farming. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18197. [PMID: 37519647 PMCID: PMC10372652 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pisciculture industry has grown multi-fold over the past few decades. However, a surge in development and nutrient demand has led to the establishment of numerous challenges. Being a potential solution, chitosan has gained attention as a bio nanocomposite for its well-acclaimed properties including biodegradability, non-toxicity, immunomodulatory effects, antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility. This biopolymer and its derivatives can be transformed into various structures, like micro and nanoparticles, for various purposes. Consequently, with regards to these properties chitin and its derivatives extend their application into drug delivery, food supplementation, vaccination, and preservation. This review focuses on the clinical advancements made in fish biotechnology via chitosan and its derivatives and highlights its prospective expansion into the pisciculture industry-in particular, warm-water species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Basawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Suhani Kabra
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Dnyanada Anil Khile
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Rahil Ummar Faruk Abbu
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Serin Joby Parekkadan
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Naomi Ann Thomas
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Se Kwon Kim
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Erica 55 Hanyangdae-ro, Sangnol-gu, Ansan-si 11558, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ritu Raval
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
- Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
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Xu K, Wang Y, Yang W, Cai H, Zhang Y, Huang L. Strategies for Prevention and Control of Vibriosis in Asian Fish Culture. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 11:vaccines11010098. [PMID: 36679943 PMCID: PMC9862775 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that vibriosis account for about half of the economic losses in Asian fish culture. Consequently, the prevention and control of vibriosis is one of the priority research topics in the field of Asian fish culture disease. Relevant measures have been proposed to control some Vibrios that pose a threat to Asian fish culture, but there are currently only a few effective vaccines available to combat these Vibrios. The purpose of our review is to sum up the main prevention methods and the latest control strategies of seven Vibrio species that cause great harm to Asian aquaculture, including Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio mimicus, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio cholerae. Strategies such as antibiotics, probiotics, bacteriophages, antimicrobials from plants and other natural sources, as well as vaccines, are compared and discussed here. We expect this review will provide some new views and recommendations for the future better prevention and control of vibriosis in Asian fish culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangping Xu
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Wangxiaohan Yang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hongyan Cai
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (L.H.)
| | - Lixing Huang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fisheries College, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (L.H.)
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Du Y, Hu X, Miao L, Chen J. Current status and development prospects of aquatic vaccines. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1040336. [PMID: 36439092 PMCID: PMC9684733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1040336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases are a significant impediment to aquaculture's sustainable and healthy growth. The aquaculture industry is suffering significant financial losses as a result of the worsening water quality and increasing frequency of aquatic disease outbreaks caused by the expansion of aquaculture. Drug control, immunoprophylaxis, ecologically integrated control, etc. are the principal control strategies for fish infections. For a long time, the prevention and control of aquatic diseases have mainly relied on the use of various antibiotics and chemical drugs. However, long-term use of chemical inputs not only increases pathogenic bacteria resistance but also damages the fish and aquaculture environments, resulting in drug residues in aquatic products, severely impeding the development of the aquaculture industry. The development and use of aquatic vaccines are the safest and most effective ways to prevent aquatic animal diseases and preserve the health and sustainability of aquaculture. To give references for the development and implementation of aquatic vaccines, this study reviews the development history, types, inoculation techniques, mechanisms of action, development prospects, and challenges encountered with aquatic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoman Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liang Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Henrique C, Falcão MAP, De Araújo Pimenta L, Maleski ALA, Lima C, Mitsunari T, Sampaio SC, Lopes-Ferreira M, Piazza RMF. Heat-Labile Toxin from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Causes Systemic Impairment in Zebrafish Model. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:419. [PMID: 34204819 PMCID: PMC8231604 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat-labile toxin I (LT-I), produced by strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), causes profuse watery diarrhea in humans. Different in vitro and in vivo models have already elucidated the mechanism of action of this toxin; however, their use does not always allow for more specific studies on how the LT-I toxin acts in systemic tracts and intestinal cell lines. In the present work, zebrafish (Danio rerio) and human intestinal cells (Caco-2) were used as models to study the toxin LT-I. Caco-2 cells were used, in the 62nd passage, at different cell concentrations. LT-I was conjugated to FITC to visualize its transport in cells, as well as microinjected into the caudal vein of zebrafish larvae, in order to investigate its effects on survival, systemic traffic, and morphological formation. The internalization of LT-I was visualized in 3 × 104 Caco-2 cells, being associated with the cell membrane and nucleus. The systemic traffic of LT-I in zebrafish larvae showed its presence in the cardiac cavity, yolk, and regions of the intestine, as demonstrated by cardiac edema (100%), the absence of a swimming bladder (100%), and yolk edema (80%), in addition to growth limitation in the larvae, compared to the control group. There was a reduction in heart rate during the assessment of larval survival kinetics, demonstrating the cardiotoxic effect of LT-I. Thus, in this study, we provide essential new depictions of the features of LT-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Henrique
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (C.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Maria Alice Pimentel Falcão
- Laboratório de Toxinologia Aplicada, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (M.A.P.F.); (A.L.A.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Luciana De Araújo Pimenta
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (L.D.A.P.); (S.C.S.)
| | - Adolfo Luís Almeida Maleski
- Laboratório de Toxinologia Aplicada, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (M.A.P.F.); (A.L.A.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Carla Lima
- Laboratório de Toxinologia Aplicada, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (M.A.P.F.); (A.L.A.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Thais Mitsunari
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (C.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Sandra Coccuzzo Sampaio
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (L.D.A.P.); (S.C.S.)
| | - Mônica Lopes-Ferreira
- Laboratório de Toxinologia Aplicada, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, SP, Brazil; (M.A.P.F.); (A.L.A.M.); (C.L.)
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9
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Vimalraj S, Yuvashree R, Hariprabu G, Subramanian R, Murali P, Veeraiyan DN, Thangavelu L. Zebrafish as a potential biomaterial testing platform for bone tissue engineering application: A special note on chitosan based bioactive materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 175:379-395. [PMID: 33556401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials function as an essential aspect of tissue engineering and have a profound impact on cell growth and subsequent tissue regeneration. The development of new biomaterials requires a potential platform to understand the host-biomaterial interaction, which is crucial for successful biomaterial implantation. Biomaterials analyzed in rodent models for in vivo research are cost-effective but tedious, and the practice has many technical difficulties. As an alternative, zebrafish provide an excellent biomaterial testing platform over the current rodent models. During growth and recovery, zebrafish bone morphogenesis shows a variety of inductive signals involved in the cycle that are close to those influencing differentiation of bone and cartilage in mammals, including humans. This platform is cheap, optically transparent, quick to change genes, and provides reliable reproducibility on short life cycles. Chitosan is a well-known biomaterial in the field of tissue engineering. In view of its documented use in bone regeneration, the biological characterization of chitosan-based bioactive materials in the zebrafish model has been featured in an outstanding note. We, therefore, outlined this review of the zebrafish as a potential in vivo research model for the rapid characterization of the biological properties of new biomaterials for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Vimalraj
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India; Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Gopal Hariprabu
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghunandhakumar Subramanian
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palraju Murali
- Department of Zoology, N.M.S.S. Vellaichamy Nadar College, Nagamalai, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Nallaswamy Veeraiyan
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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Ji Q, Wang S, Ma J, Liu Q. A review: Progress in the development of fish Vibrio spp. vaccines. Immunol Lett 2020; 226:46-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Wu Y, Rashidpour A, Almajano MP, Metón I. Chitosan-Based Drug Delivery System: Applications in Fish Biotechnology. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1177. [PMID: 32455572 PMCID: PMC7285272 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is increasingly used for safe nucleic acid delivery in gene therapy studies, due to well-known properties such as bioadhesion, low toxicity, biodegradability and biocompatibility. Furthermore, chitosan derivatization can be easily performed to improve the solubility and stability of chitosan-nucleic acid polyplexes, and enhance efficient target cell drug delivery, cell uptake, intracellular endosomal escape, unpacking and nuclear import of expression plasmids. As in other fields, chitosan is a promising drug delivery vector with great potential for the fish farming industry. This review highlights state-of-the-art assays using chitosan-based methodologies for delivering nucleic acids into cells, and focuses attention on recent advances in chitosan-mediated gene delivery for fish biotechnology applications. The efficiency of chitosan for gene therapy studies in fish biotechnology is discussed in fields such as fish vaccination against bacterial and viral infection, control of gonadal development and gene overexpression and silencing for overcoming metabolic limitations, such as dependence on protein-rich diets and the low glucose tolerance of farmed fish. Finally, challenges and perspectives on the future developments of chitosan-based gene delivery in fish are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbing Wu
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.W.); (A.R.)
| | - Ania Rashidpour
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.W.); (A.R.)
| | - María Pilar Almajano
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Isidoro Metón
- Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27–31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (Y.W.); (A.R.)
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12
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Sun X, Jin P, Liu Q, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Liu X. A CpG-riched plasmid as vaccine adjuvant reduce antigen dose of an inactivated Vibrio anguillarum vaccine in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:312-317. [PMID: 31968268 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inactivated vaccines are often applied with adjuvants in commercial fish farming. Although some mineral or non-mineral oil adjuvants show efficient improvement with inactivated vaccines, but sometimes bring side effects such as tissue adhesion and granulomatous lesion at the injection site. CpG ODN is a novel type of soluble adjuvant which has been proved to possess excellent advantages in fish vaccine development. In this study, we designed a tandem sequence of CpG ODN synthesized in plasmid pcDNA 3.1, and an inactivated Vibrio anguillarum vaccine developed in our previous work was chosen for determining the efficiency of the CpG-riched plasmids (pCpG) as an adjuvant. Results showed that pCpG we designed can offer higher immunoprotection with the vaccine. Interestingly, even below the minimum immune dosage of the vaccine, a high RPS of 84% was observed once the vaccine was administrated with the pCpG. Serum specific antibody titer, superoxide dismutase and total protein were enhanced and some immune genes related to both innate and adaptive immune response were upregulated, implying an effective auxiliary function of the pCpG. Totally, our study suggested that the pCpG is a potential and available adjuvant for turbot vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Peng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519082, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519082, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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13
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Wei G, Cai S, Wu Y, Ma S, Huang Y. Immune effect of Vibrio harveyi formalin-killed cells vaccine combined with chitosan oligosaccharide and astragalus polysaccharides in ♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus×♂Epinephelus lanceolatus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:186-192. [PMID: 31926291 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi is the pathogen causing vibriosis in marine-cultured animals, leading to massive deaths in farmed grouper around the world. It is urgent to develop an effective vaccine to prevent vibriosis. In the previous study, we developed a V. harveyi formalin-killed cells vaccine (FKC), and sought an effective adjuvant for enhancing the immune efficacy of vaccine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the immune responses and protective effect of FKC combined with chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) or Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) in the pearl gentian grouper♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂E. lanceolatus. The results indicated the vaccine triggered a remarkably higher expression levels of IL-1β, IL-16, TNF-α, MHC-Iα and IgM in the kidney and spleen of groupers post-vaccination. Antibody titers, lysozyme, catalase, superoxide dismutase and total protein were significantly elevated in the vaccinated fish compared with those in the control. The experimental groupers were challenged intraperitoneally by V. harveyi at 35 d post-vaccination, and the relative percentage of survival (RPS) of group FKC + COS, FKC + APS, COS, APS and FKC were 80%, 72%, 52%, 47% and 55%, respectively. These results demonstrated COS and APS was the potential adjuvants for FKC against V. harveyi in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangben Wei
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuanghu Cai
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yuanzhi Wu
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaohong Ma
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yucong Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen, China
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Zhang K, Liu X, Han M, Liu Y, Wang X, Yu H, Liu J, Zhang Q. Functional differentiation of three phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) in response to Vibrio anguillarum infection in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:450-459. [PMID: 31207302 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PIK3CA has been extensively investigated from its molecular mechanism perspective and association with its mutations in different types of cancers. However, little has been reported regarding the pathological significance of PIK3CA expression in teleost. Here, in our present study, three PIK3CA genes termed SmPIK3CAa, SmPIK3CAb and SmPIK3CA-like were firstly identified in the genome of turbot S. maximus. Although these three genes located in different chromosomes, all of them share the same five domains. Phylogenetic and synteny analysis indicated that SmPIK3CAa, SmPIK3CAb and SmPIK3CA-like were three paralogs that may originate from duplication of the same ancestral PIK3CA gene. Subcellular localization analysis confirmed the cytoplasm distribution of these three paralogs. All three SmPIK3CA were ubiquitously expressed in examined tissues in turbot, with the higher expression levels in immune-related tissues such as blood, spleen, kidney, gills and intestines. Upon Vibrio anguillarum challenge, SmPIK3CAa and SmPIK3CA-like transcripts were significantly induced in spleen, intestine and blood despite of differential expression levels and responsive time points. Additionally, individuals in resistant group showed significantly higher expression level of both two genes than in the susceptible group. Moreover, four SNPs (102, 2530, 3027 and 3060) and one haplotype (Hap2) located in exon region of SmPIK3CA-like were identified and confirmed to be associated with V. anguillarum resistance in turbot by association analysis in different populations. Taken together, these results suggested that functional differentiation occurred in three SmPIK3CA paralogs with Vibrio anguillarum resistance and SmPIK3CAa and SmPIK3CA-like probable play potential roles in innate immune response to pathogenic invasions in turbot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiumei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Miao Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xuangang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jinxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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15
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Zhang J, Fu X, Zhang Y, Zhu W, Zhou Y, Yuan G, Liu X, Ai T, Zeng L, Su J. Chitosan and anisodamine improve the immune efficacy of inactivated infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus vaccine in Siniperca chuatsi. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:52-60. [PMID: 30904683 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Siniperca chuatsi is an economically important fish in China, but infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) causes high mortality and significant economic losses. Currently, vaccination is the most promising strategy to prevent infectious diseases, while adjuvant can effectively enhance immune responses. In this study, inactivated ISKNV vaccine was prepared, then poly (I:C), chitosan, anisodamine and ims1312 were used as adjuvants to evaluate the effect on the immune responses and ISKNV replication. Chitosan could strongly boost the protection of liver and spleen tissues by pathological sections. In serum, poly (I:C) and chitosan group had protective effect on catalase, acid phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen. mRNA expressions showed these adjuvants induced the cytokines of early immune responses (TNF-α, Viperin) in both spleen and mesonephron by real time quantitative RT-PCR assays. Meanwhile, poly (I:C), chitosan and anisodamine were significantly improved the antiviral function and inhibited ISKNV replication. Chitosan and anisodamine played a significantly protective role in the immune protective rate test. The results indicated that all the four adjuvants are valid in the inactivated ISKNV vaccine, and chitosan is recommended preferentially. The present study provides reference for other animal vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaozhe Fu
- Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Yanqi Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
| | - Gailing Yuan
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Taoshan Ai
- Wuhan Chopper Fishery Bio-Tech Co.,Ltd, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430207, China
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- Division of Fish Disease, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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16
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Yuan X, Zheng J, Jiao S, Cheng G, Feng C, Du Y, Liu H. A review on the preparation of chitosan oligosaccharides and application to human health, animal husbandry and agricultural production. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 220:60-70. [PMID: 31196551 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) are the degraded products of chitin or chitosan prepared by chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis. As compared to chitosan, COS not only exhibit some specific physicochemical properties such as excellent water solubility, biodegradability and biocompatibility, but also have a variety of functionally biological activities including anti-inflammation, anti-bacteria, immunomodulation, neuroprotection and so on. This review aims to summarize the preparation and structural characterization methods of COS, and will discuss the application of COS or their derivatives to human health, animal husbandry and agricultural production. COS have been demonstrated to prevent the occurrence of human health-related diseases, enhance the resistance to diseases of livestock and poultry, and improve the growth and quality of crops in plant cultivation. Overall, COS have presented a broad developmental potential and application prospect in the healthy field that deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Junping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Siming Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Gong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Cui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Yuguang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
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Zhu W, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Yuan G, Liu X, Ai T, Su J. Astragalus polysaccharides, chitosan and poly(I:C) obviously enhance inactivated Edwardsiella ictaluri vaccine potency in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 87:379-385. [PMID: 30690155 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is an economically important fish in China, but Edwardsiella ictaluri, an intracellular pathogenic bacterium, causes great losses to the culture industry. Currently, vaccination is the most promising strategy to combat the infectious diseases, while adjuvant can provide effective assistant for vaccines to enhance immune responses. In the present study, inactivated E. ictaluri vaccine was prepared, then Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), chitosan and poly(I:C) were employed as adjuvants to evaluate the effect on boosting immune responses and protecting yellow catfish against E. ictaluri. The survival rate was obviously improved after vaccination with APS, chitosan or poly(I:C) respectively, in addition, these three adjuvants could clearly protect the target tissue (intestine) by pathological sections in infectious experiments. In sera, total protein levels increased throughout the immunization stages, total superoxide dismutase levels continued to raise after vaccination, and lysozyme activity levels improved at different periods, examining by the commercial kits. Moreover, checking by real time quantitative RT-PCR assays, in both spleen and head kidney tissues which were the major immune organs, mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokine IL-1β increased in the early stage of immunity, typical Th1 immune response cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ2 rose up in the whole immune period, and IgM significantly enhanced in the adjuvant supplementation groups. The results demonstrated the good efficiency of APS, chitosan or poly(I:C) as adjuvant, and provided more options for the fish adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yanqi Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Gailing Yuan
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Taoshan Ai
- Wuhan Chopper Fishery Bio-Tech Co.,Ltd, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430207, China
| | - Jianguo Su
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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18
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Xu W, Jiao C, Bao P, Liu Q, Wang P, Zhang R, Liu X, Zhang Y. Efficacy of Montanide™ ISA 763 A VG as aquatic adjuvant administrated with an inactivated Vibrio harveyi vaccine in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:56-61. [PMID: 30201447 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) is a commercially important fish species in China. Despite of its great economic potential, fish farms often suffer severe economic losses due to certain fish diseases. Vaccination has become a common strategy to prevent diseases caused by pathogens in aquaculture industry. However, no inactivated vaccine against Vibrio harveyi of turbot has been reported so far. In this study, we developed an inactivated vaccine using formalin-killed cells of V. harveyi and the efficacy of a commercial adjuvant Montanide™ ISA 763 A VG on the inactivated vaccine was evaluated. We found that with an optimum vaccine dosage at 1.0 × 108 CFU/fish, a high relative percent survival (RPS) more than 75% was observed at 4 weeks post vaccination (w.p.v.). Moreover, enhanced antibody titer, lysozyme activity, total serum protein and antibacterial property in sera of vaccinated fish were observed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 w.p.v. In conclusion, we developed an efficient inactivated vaccine against V. harveyi in turbot, which not only induced humoral immunity, but also enhanced initial innate immune response for long-term protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chenglong Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Pengcheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Pengbo Wang
- Shanghai Wei Sheng Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Guanhua Y, Wang C, Wang X, Ma R, Zheng H, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Wang Q. Complete genome sequence of the marine fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarum and genome-wide transposon mutagenesis analysis of genes essential for in vivo infection. Microbiol Res 2018; 216:97-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Zhou X, Xing J, Tang X, Zhan W. Evaluation of bivalent vaccines candidates among VAA, OmpK and OmpR from Vibrio anguillarum in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 85:1-9. [PMID: 29559319 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Outer membrane protein (Omp) K, OmpR and VAA have been identified with good immunogenicity from Vibrio anguillarum, and their recombinant proteins showed variable relative percent survival (RPS) in previous study. In order to develop effective bivalent vaccine candidates, recombinant (r) VAA + rOmpK (AK), rVAA + rOmpR (AR), rOmpK + rOmpR (KR) among VAA, OmpK and OmpR, or formalin-killed cells (FKC) of V. anguillarum were immunized in flounder, respectively. Results revealed that AK, AR, KR and FKC could induce the proliferation of surface membrane immunoglobulin-positive B lymphocytes or CD3+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood lymphocytes, and significantly enhance the total antibodies, specific antibodies and immune-related gene than those of control group. AK, AR, KR or FKC showed RPS of 74.92%, 78.49%, 82.09% and 56.99%, respectively. These results indicated that three bivalent vaccines AK, AR and KR could induce strong cellular and humoral immunity, and had high protection against V. anguillarum infection in flounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Zhou
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei Town, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei Town, Qingdao, China
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21
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Conjugation of chitosan oligosaccharides via a carrier protein markedly improves immunogenicity of porcine circovirus vaccine. Glycoconj J 2018; 35:451-459. [PMID: 30051156 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-018-9830-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)-associated diseases have led to huge economic losses in pig industry. Our laboratory previously found that conjugation of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) enhanced the immunogenicity of PCV2 vaccine against infectious pathogens. In this study, an effective adjuvant system was developed by covalent conjugation of COS via a carrier protein (Ovalbumin, OVA) to further increase the immunogenicity of vaccine. Its effect on dendritic cells maturation was assessed in vitro and its immunogenicity was investigated in mice. The results indicated that, as compared to the PCV2 and COS-PCV2, COS-OVA-PCV2 stimulated dendritic cells to express higher maturation markers (CD80, CD86, CD40 and MHC class II) and remarkably promoted both humoral and cellular immunity against PCV2 by enhancing the lymphocyte proliferation and inducing a mixed Th1/Th2 response, including the increased production of PCV2-specific antibodies and raised levels of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, it displayed better immune-stimulating effects than the physical mixture of vaccine and ISA206 (a commercialized adjuvant). In conclusion, conjugation of COS via a carrier protein might be a promising strategy to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccines.
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Nikapitiya C, Dananjaya SHS, De Silva BCJ, Heo GJ, Oh C, De Zoysa M, Lee J. Chitosan nanoparticles: A positive immune response modulator as display in zebrafish larvae against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 76:240-246. [PMID: 29510255 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) were synthesized by ionic gelation method and its immunomodulatory properties were investigated in zebrafish larvae. Average particle size and zeta potential were 181.2 nm and +37.2 mv, respectively. Initially, toxicity profile was tested in zebrafish embryo at 96 h post fertilization (hpf) stage using medium molecular weight chitosan (MMW-C) and CNPs. At 5 μg/mL, the hatching rate was almost similar in both treatments, however, the survival rate was lower in MMW-C compared to CNPs exposure, suggesting that toxicity effect of CNPs in hatched larvae was minimal at 5 μg/mL compared to MMW-C. Quantitative real time PCR results showed that in CNPs exposed larvae at 5 days post fertilization (5 dpf) stage, immune related (il-1β, tnf-α, il-6, il-10, cxcl-18b, ccl34a.4, cxcl-8a, lyz-c, defβl-1, irf-1a, irf-3, MxA) and stress response (hsp-70) genes were induced. In contrast, basal or down regulated expression of antioxidant genes (gstp-1, cat, sod-1, prdx-4, txndr-1) were observed. Moreover, zebrafish larvae (at 5 dpf stage) exposed to CNPs (5 μg/mL) showed higher survival rate at 72 h post infection stage against pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila challenge compared to controls. These results suggest that although CNPs can have toxic effects to the larvae at higher doses, CNPs exposure at 5 μg/mL could enhance the immune responses and develop the disease resistance against A. hydrophila, which could be attributed to its strong immune modulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamilani Nikapitiya
- Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - S H S Dananjaya
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - B C J De Silva
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang-Joon Heo
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhong Oh
- Jeju International Marine Science Research and Education Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jehee Lee
- Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Xing J, Zhou X, Tang X, Sheng X, Zhan W. FlaC supplemented with VAA, OmpK or OmpR as bivalent subunit vaccine candidates induce immune responses against Vibrio anguillarum in flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ). Vaccine 2018; 36:1316-1322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.11.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Zhang G, Cheng G, Jia P, Jiao S, Feng C, Hu T, Liu H, Du Y. The Positive Correlation of the Enhanced Immune Response to PCV2 Subunit Vaccine by Conjugation of Chitosan Oligosaccharide with the Deacetylation Degree. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15080236. [PMID: 28933754 PMCID: PMC5577591 DOI: 10.3390/md15080236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS), the degraded products of chitosan, have been demonstrated to have versatile biological functions. In primary studies, it has displayed significant adjuvant effects when mixed with other vaccines. In this study, chitosan oligosaccharides with different deacetylation degrees were prepared and conjugated to porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) subunit vaccine to enhance its immunogenicity. The vaccine conjugates were designed by the covalent linkage of COSs to PCV2 molecules and administered to BALB/c mice three times at two-week intervals. The results indicate that, as compared to the PCV2 group, COS-PCV2 conjugates remarkably enhanced both humoral and cellular immunity against PCV2 by promoting lymphocyte proliferation and initiating a mixed T-helper 1 (Th1)/T-helper 2 (Th2) response, including raised levels of PCV2-specific antibodies and an increased production of inflammatory cytokines. Noticeably, with the increasing deacetylation degree, the stronger immune responses to PCV2 were observed in the groups with COS-PCV2 vaccination. In comparison with NACOS (chitin oligosaccharides)-PCV2 and LCOS (chitosan oligosaccharides with low deacetylation degree)-PCV2, HCOS (chitosan oligosaccharides with high deacetylation degree)-PCV2 showed the highest adjuvant effect, even comparable to that of PCV2/ISA206 (a commercialized adjuvant) group. In summary, COS conjugation might be a viable strategy to enhance the immune response to PCV2 subunit vaccine, and the adjuvant effect was positively correlated with the deacetylation degree of COS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqiang Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA and State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Gong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA and State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Peiyuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA and State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Siming Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA and State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Cui Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA and State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Tao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA and State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA and State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Yuguang Du
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA and State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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25
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Liu X, Sun J, Wu H. Glycolysis-related proteins are broad spectrum vaccine candidates against aquacultural pathogens. Vaccine 2017; 35:3813-3816. [PMID: 28587729 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Reverse vaccinology (RV) has become a popular method for developing vaccines. Although Edwardsiella tarda is deemed to be an important fish pathogen, so far, no reports have used a genome-based approach to screen vaccine candidates against E. tarda. In the current study, protective antigens of E. tarda were screened using RV. Large-scale cloning, expression and purification of potential candidates were carried out, and their immunoprotective potential was evaluated. A candidate fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) exhibited broad spectrum protection, as did another glycolysis-related protein glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), which we reported previously, indicating the potential of other glycolysis-related proteins of E. tarda as broad spectrum protective antigens. In total, half (5 out 10) of these proteins showed prominent immunoprotective potential. Therefore, we suggest that glycolysis-related proteins are a class of potential broad spectrum protective antigens and that these proteins should be preferentially selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiamin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Haizhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, Shanghai 200237, China.
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26
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Zhang G, Jia P, Cheng G, Jiao S, Ren L, Ji S, Hu T, Liu H, Du Y. Enhanced immune response to inactivated porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine by conjugation of chitosan oligosaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 166:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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