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Fabrikov D, Varga ÁT, García MCV, Bélteky P, Kozma G, Kónya Z, López Martínez JL, Barroso F, Sánchez-Muros MJ. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of encapsulated tea polyphenols in chitosan/alginate-coated zein nanoparticles: a possible supplement against fish pathogens in aquaculture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:13673-13687. [PMID: 38261222 PMCID: PMC10881692 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Regulation of antibiotic use in aquaculture calls for the emergence of more sustainable alternative treatments. Tea polyphenols (GTE), particularly epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), have various biological activities. However, tea polyphenols are susceptible to degradation. In this work, EGCG and GTE were encapsulated in zein nanoparticles (ZNP) stabilized with alginate (ALG) and chitosan (CS) to reduce the degradation effect. ALG-coated ZNP and ALG/CS-coated ZNP encapsulating EGCG or GTE were obtained with a hydrodynamic size of less than 300 nm, an absolute ζ-potential value >30 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency greater than 75%. The antioxidant capacity of the encapsulated substances, although lower than that of the free ones, maintained high levels. On the other hand, the evaluation of antimicrobial activity showed greater efficiency in terms of growth inhibition for ALG/CS-ZNP formulations, with average overall values of around 60%, reaching an inhibition of more than 90% for Photobacterium damselae. These results support encapsulation as a good strategy for tea polyphenols, as it allows maintaining significant levels of antioxidant activity and increasing the potential for antimicrobial activity, in addition to increasing protection against sources of degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Fabrikov
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería-CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain.
| | - Ágnes Timea Varga
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería-CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain
| | - María Carmen Vargas García
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería-CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain
| | - Péter Bélteky
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kozma
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- MTA, Reaction Kinetics and Surface Chemistry Research Group, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | | | - Fernando Barroso
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería-CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain
| | - María José Sánchez-Muros
- Department of Biology and Geology, University of Almería-CEIMAR Marine Campus of International Excellence, Almería, Spain
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Bahrami Z, Roomiani L, Javadzadeh N, Sary AA, Baboli MJ. Microencapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum in the alginate/chitosan improves immunity, disease resistance, and growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:815-828. [PMID: 37500968 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of microencapsulation of L. plantarum (as a probiotic) with chitosan/alginate biopolymers (MLCA) on innate immune response, disease resistance, and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Four hundred and eighty fish were randomly distributed in glass tanks (150 L) and fed with diets including diet 1: control; diet 2: 10 g kg-1 microcapsules; diet 3: 108 CFU g-1 L. plantarum; and diet 4: 10 g kg-1 MLCA for 60 days. The hematology and biochemical indices, lysozyme activity, alternative complement activities, respiratory burst, serum bactericidal activity, as well as growth performance parameters (specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio) were analyzed. White blood cells, plasma protein and globulin concentration, serum lysozyme, and respiratory burst activities of fish were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the MLCA diet. A challenge test against Streptococcus agalactiae, at the end of the experiment, showed the highest survival rate of the fish fed with MLCA. Moreover, the fish fed with MLCA showed a significant improvement in SGR (3.12 ± 0.18%) and FCR (1.23 ± 0.20) and had the highest growth performance. These results suggest longer stability of probiotics in the microcapsules, and their immunomodulatory effect can be considered a promising immunostimulant and growth enhancer in the Nile tilapia diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahrami
- Department of Fisheries, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Laleh Roomiani
- Department of Fisheries, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Narges Javadzadeh
- Department of Fisheries, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
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Bagheri D, Moradi R, Zare M, Sotoudeh E, Hoseinifar SH, Oujifard A, Esmaeili N. Does Dietary Sodium Alginate with Low Molecular Weight Affect Growth, Antioxidant System, and Haemolymph Parameters and Alleviate Cadmium Stress in Whiteleg Shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei)? Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1805. [PMID: 37889709 PMCID: PMC10252018 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreasing low molecular weight can improve the digestibility and availability of ingredients such as sodium alginate. This study aimed to test the four dosages of low molecular weight sodium alginate (LMWSA) (0%: Control, 0.05%: 0.5 LMWSA, 0.10%: 1.0 LMWSA, and 0.2%: 2.0 LMWSA) in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) (3.88 ± 0.25 g) for eight weeks. After finishing the trial, shrimp were exposed to cadmium (1 mg/L) for 48 h. While feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved in shrimp fed dietary 2.0 LMWSA (p < 0.05), there was no significant difference in growth among treatments. The results showed a linear relation between LMWSA level and FCR, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) before; and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), GST, and alanine transaminase (ALT) after cadmium stress (p < 0.05). The GST, MDA, ALT, and aspartate transaminase (AST) contents were changed after stress but not the 2.0 LMWSA group. The survival rate after stress in 1.0 LMWSA (85.23%) and 2.0 LMWSA (80.20%) treatments was significantly higher than the Control (62.05%). The survival rate after stress negatively correlated with GST and ALT, introducing them as potential biomarkers for cadmium exposure in whiteleg shrimp. Accordingly, the 2.0 LMWSA treatment had the best performance in the abovementioned parameters. As the linear relation was observed, supplementing more levels of LMWSA to reach a plateau is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Bagheri
- Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Department of Fisheries, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran
| | - Rohullah Moradi
- Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Department of Fisheries, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran
| | - Mahyar Zare
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ebrahim Sotoudeh
- Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Department of Fisheries, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 4913815739, Iran
| | - Amin Oujifard
- Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Department of Fisheries, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran
| | - Noah Esmaeili
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia;
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Puri P, Sharma JG, Singh R. Biotherapeutic microbial supplementation for ameliorating fish health: developing trends in probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics use in finfish aquaculture. Anim Health Res Rev 2022; 23:113-135. [PMID: 36597760 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252321000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition demands in aquaculture can be realized through quality aquafeeds as compounded diets that contribute to the growth and health of aquaculture species. Functional additives in feed, notably probiotics, prebiotics, and their admixture synbiotics, have been recently recognized for their biotherapeutic role as immunostimulants capable of conferring disease resistance, stress tolerance, and gastrointestinal health; counteracting the negative effects of anti-nutrients, pathogenic prevalence, and antimicrobials in finfish aquaculture. Formulated diets based on probiotics, prebiotics, and as a supplemental combination for synbiotics can significantly influence fish gut microbiomes, establishing the modalities of microbial dynamics to maximize host-associated benefits. These microbial functional-feed supplements are acclaimed to be biocompatible, biodegradable, and safe for dietary consumption as well as the environment. In fed fish aquaculture, prebiotic appended probiotic diet 'synbiotic' has propounded larger attention for its additional health and nutritional benefits. Synbiotic, prebiotic, and probiotic usage as functional feeds for finfish aquaculture thus provides promising prospects. Developing trends in their intended application are reviewed here forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Puri
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
- Department of Zoology, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Jai Gopal Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Ram Singh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
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Tolerance Assessment of Atractylodes macrocephala Polysaccharide in the Diet of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081581. [PMID: 36009300 PMCID: PMC9404858 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide (AMP) can enhance antioxidant defense and anti-inflammation, as the tolerance levels of AMP in aquaculture is important for additive utilization. However, the tolerance dose of AMP is unknown. We assess the tolerance levels of AMP in juvenile largemouth bass (3.38 ± 0.11 g) by feeding them a 0, 400, 4000, or 8000 mg/kg AMP supplemented diet for 10 weeks. The 400 mg/kg AMP dose increased growth performance. The Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway was activated, as indicated by Keap1 and Nrf2 protein levels in the liver. Enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx), together with increased mRNA levels of antioxidant genes (sod, gpx) and decreased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA, was found in the liver, implying the antioxidant effect of AMP. Nutrient absorption was enhanced by AMP, as reflected by the increased length of intestinal villi and microvilli. However, 4000 and 8000 mg/kg AMP induced oxidant stress, as indicated by increased plasma ALT and AST content and decreased mRNA levels of antioxidant genes (sod, gpx) in the liver and intestinal tissues. Inflammatory reactions were also induced by high doses of AMP, as reflected by enhanced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tnfα, nfκb) in the liver, intestinal, and kidney tissues and inhibited levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (tgfβ, iκb). Histological analysis reveals inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue damage. Thus, the safe tolerance margin of AMP supplement for largemouth bass was 400–4000 mg/kg.
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Azad I, Al-Gharabally H, El-Dakour S. Enhanced Survival and Immunity in β -Glucan or Sodium Alginate or Thyroxin Stimulated Fry of Bluefin Bream, Sparidentax hasta. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bavia L, Santiesteban-Lores LE, Carneiro MC, Prodocimo MM. Advances in the complement system of a teleost fish, Oreochromisniloticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 123:61-74. [PMID: 35227880 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the earliest known vertebrate possessing a complete immune system, teleost fish played an important role in the evolution of this system. The complement system is an ancient defense mechanism present in invertebrates and vertebrates. In teleost fish the complement system is formed by more than 35 circulating proteins, or found at the cell surface. This system is activated by three pathways: alternative, classical and lectin, generating functions such as the opsonization, lysis and modulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses. The complement system is an important immunological indicator that can be used to study and monitor the effects of environmental, nutritional, and infectious processes. The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a teleost fish of great economic interest due to its characteristics of easy cultivation, high growth rates, and tolerance to adverse environmental conditions. In addition, Nile tilapia is an excellent model for ecotoxicological studies, however, there are very few studies reporting the performance of the complement system in this species after exposure to environmental pollutants. The aim of this review is to gather recent studies with to address the molecular and functional characterizations of the complement system in Nile tilapia and provide new insights about this defense mechanism. Looking to the future, we believe that the complement system analysis in Tilapia can be used as a biomarker of water quality and the general health status of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Bavia
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19031, CEP 81531-970, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lazara Elena Santiesteban-Lores
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena Carvalho Carneiro
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maritana Mela Prodocimo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19031, CEP 81531-970, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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8
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Van Doan H, Lumsangkul C, Hoseinifar SH, Tongsiri S, Chitmanat C, Musthafa MS, El-Haroun E, Ringo E. Modulation of growth, innate immunity, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture under biofloc system by supplementing pineapple peel powder and Lactobacillus plantarum. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 115:212-220. [PMID: 34146675 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eight weeks feeding experiment was managed to evaluate the impacts of dietary addition of pineapple peel powder (PAPP) and Lactobacillus plantarum CR1T5 (LP) individual or mixed on growth performance, skin mucus and serum immunities, as well as disease resistance of Nile tilapia. Fish (average weight 20.91 ± 0.11 g) were fed four diets: Diet 1 (0 g kg-1 PAPP and 0 CFU g-1 L. plantarum, Diet 2 (10 g kg-1 PAPP), Diet 3 (108 CFU g-1L. plantarum), and Diet 4 (10 g kg-1 PAPP + 108 CFU g-1L. plantarum). Serum and mucus immune responses, as well as growth rate, were assessed every 4 weeks. Ten fish were chosen for the challenge test with Streptococcus agalactiae after 8 weeks post-feeding. The findings showed that PAPP and/or LP diets increased (P ≤ 0.05) growth performance, skin mucus, and serum immune responses. The best data were obtained in fish fed a mixture of PAPP and LP. Nevertheless, no variation (P > 0.05) was recorded between groups fed PAPP or LP. The relative survival percentage (RSP, %) in Diet 2, Diet 3, and Diet 4 was 46.15%, 50.0%, and 73.08%. Fish fed mixture of PAPP + LP recorded the best (P < 0.05) survival rate versus other treatments. The current findings recommended using a mixture of PAPP and LP as promising functional additives for aquaculture practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Chompunut Lumsangkul
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sudaporn Tongsiri
- Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
| | - Chanagun Chitmanat
- Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
| | - Mohamed Saiyad Musthafa
- P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, Unit of Research in Radiation Biology & Environmental Radioactivity (URRBER), The New College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, 600 014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ehab El-Haroun
- Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Einar Ringo
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Fisheries and Economics, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Wang M, Chen L, Zhang Z. Potential applications of alginate oligosaccharides for biomedicine - A mini review. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 271:118408. [PMID: 34364551 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research on marine algae, especially on their health-promoting properties, has been conducted. Various ingredients with potential biomedical applications have been discovered and extracted from marine algae. Alginate oligosaccharides are low molecular weight alginate polysaccharides present in cell walls of brown algae. They exhibit various health benefits such as anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and immunomodulation. Their low-toxicity, non-immunogenicity, and biodegradability make them an excellent material in biomedicine. Alginate oligosaccharides can be chemically or biochemically modified to enhance their biological activity and potential in pharmaceutical applications. This paper provides a brief overview on alginate oligosaccharides characteristics, modification patterns and highlights their vital health promoting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingpeng Wang
- College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273100, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273100, China.
| | - Zhaojie Zhang
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
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Effect of Dietary Sugarcane Bagasse Supplementation on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Immune and Antioxidant-Related Gene Expressions of Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) Cultured under Biofloc System. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11072035. [PMID: 34359162 PMCID: PMC8300095 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Supplementation of agriculture by-product as functional feed additives in combination with biofloc technology (a sustainable and environmentally friendly technology) has recently gained much attention in aquaculture. In the present study, sugarcane bagasse powder can possibly be applied as a feed additive to improve growth performance, immune response, and immune and antioxidant-related gene expression. Abstract We investigated, herein, the effects of dietary inclusion of sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) on Nile tilapia development, mucosal and serum immunities, and relative immune and antioxidant genes. Fish (15.12 ± 0.04 g) were provided a basal diet (SB0) or basal diet incorporated with SB at 10 (SB10), 20 (SB20), 40 (SB40), or 80 (SB80) g kg−1 for 8 weeks. Our results demonstrated that the dietary incorporation of sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) at 20 and 40 g kg−1 significantly ameliorated FW, WG, and SGR as opposed to fish fed basal, SB10, and SB80 diets. However, no significant changes in FCR and survivability were observed between the SB supplemented diets and the control (basal diet). The mucosal immunity exhibited significantly higher SMLA and SMPA activities (p < 0.005) in fish treated with SB diets after eight weeks. The highest SMLA and SMPA levels were recorded in fish fed SB80 followed by SB20, SB40, and SB10, respectively. For serum immunity, fish fed SB incorporated diets significantly ameliorated SL and RB levels (p < 0.05) compared with the control. However, SP was not affected by the inclusion of SB in any diet throughout the experiment. The expression of IL1, IL8, LBP, GSTa, GPX, and GSR genes in the fish liver was significantly increased in fish fed the SB20 and SB10 diets relative to the basal diet fed fish (p < 0.05); whereas only the IL8, LBP, and GPX genes in the intestines were substantially augmented via the SB20 and SB80 diets (p < 0.05). IL1 and GSR were not influenced by the SB incorporated diets (p > 0.05). In summary, sugarcane bagasse powder (SB) may be applied as a feed additive to improve growth performance, immune response, and immune and antioxidant-related gene expression in Nile tilapia.
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Khattab AAA, El Basuini MFM, El-Ratel IT, Fouda SF. Dietary probiotics as a strategy for improving growth performance, intestinal efficacy, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of white Pekin ducks fed with different levels of CP. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100898. [PMID: 33518354 PMCID: PMC7936136 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential impacts of probiotics on the performance and health status of white Pekin ducks fed with optimal or suboptimal dietary CP were evaluated during the growing period. A total of 180 male white Pekin ducks (14-day-old ducks with an initial weight of 415.65 ± 2.20 g) were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (45 in each group of 5 replicates) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The main factors included 2 dietary CP levels (18 or 14%) and dietary probiotic addition (with or without probiotics). The probiotic source was supplemented at 0.2 g per kilogram of diet from a blend of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei. The results showed that the diet containing 18% CP and probiotics significantly increases the final and total weight gain. Activities of intestinal enzymes (amylase, lipase, and protease), morphometrics (villus length, goblet cell count, and cryptal depth), and carcass percentage were also increased significantly. Total protein content, lysozyme activity, bactericidal activity, nitro blue tetrazolium levels, alternative complement pathway, superoxide dismutase activity, and catalase activity were significantly increased, whereas glucose, cortisol, and total cholesterol levels were decreased when treated with diet containing 18% CP and probiotics. Conversely, the group treated with diet containing 14% CP without probiotics showed the poorest performance, carcass properties, immune response, and antioxidant potential. In conclusion, probiotic addition to the 14% CP diet improved the performance of white Pekin ducks caused by reduced CP diet to performance due to the 18% CP diet without probiotic supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A A Khattab
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F M El Basuini
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt; Faculty of Desert Agriculture, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim T El-Ratel
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, 34517 Damietta, Egypt
| | - Sara F Fouda
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
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12
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El Basuini MF, Teiba II, Zaki MAA, Alabssawy AN, El-Hais AM, Gabr AA, Dawood MAO, Zaineldin AI, Mzengereza K, Shadrack RS, Dossou S. Assessing the effectiveness of CoQ10 dietary supplementation on growth performance, digestive enzymes, blood health, immune response, and oxidative-related genes expression of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:420-428. [PMID: 32001349 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of CoQ10 dietary supplementation on growth performance, feed utilization, blood profile, immune response, and oxidative status of Nile tilapia (12.4 ± 0.11 g, initial body weight). Five experimental diets were formulated containing CoQ10 at levels of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 mg kg-1 diet (D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5, respectively). The results of a 56-days feeding trial showed that, significantly higher weight gain % (WG %), specific growth rate (SGR), feed intake (FI), and feed efficiency ratio (FER) were recorded in fish groups fed diets supplemented with different levels of CoQ10 than fish fed the control diet, while survival rate (SR%), condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index (HSI) and viscerasomatic index (VSI) showed no obvious differences (P > 0.05) among all experimental groups. The highest activities of digestive enzymes (protease, amylase, and lipase) were recorded in D3, D4, and D5 groups. Moreover, blood status of all experimental fish was within normal rates and significant alterations were only in the case of glucose, cortisol, total cholesterol (T-Chol), triglycerides, and total protein (TP), where fish fed on D3, D4 and D5 diets exhibited lower values of glucose, cortisol, T-Chol, and triglycerides and higher values of TP. Furthermore, the lowest values of immune response [lysozyme, bactericidal, respiratory burst (NBT), and alternative complement pathway activities (ACP)], antioxidant capacity and oxidative related genes expressions [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX)] resulted from feeding on the basal diet (D1) compared to CoQ10 diets, especially with its high levels {≥20 mg kg-1 diet (D3, D4, and D5)} in most cases. In conclusion, our results suggest that the use of ≥20 mg CoQ10 kg-1 diet improves the growth and health being of Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed F El Basuini
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Islam I Teiba
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt; The United Graduate School of Agriculture Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | | | | | - Abdelaziz M El-Hais
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Gabr
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | | | - Kumbukani Mzengereza
- The United Graduate School of Agriculture Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Ronick S Shadrack
- The United Graduate School of Agriculture Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Serge Dossou
- Laboratoire d'Hydrobiologie et d'Aquaculture, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey Calavi, 01 BP 526, Cotonou, Benin
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13
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Doan HV, Hoseinifar SH, Sringarm K, Jaturasitha S, Khamlor T, Dawood MAO, Esteban MÁ, Soltani M, Musthafa MS. Effects of elephant's foot (Elephantopus scaber) extract on growth performance, immune response, and disease resistance of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:328-335. [PMID: 31344457 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plant has been applied as an alternative strategy for antibiotics and chemotherapeutics for controlling the outbreak of diseases in tilapia farming. In this study, five doses of Elephantopus scaber extract (ESE) were added to the basal diet at 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 g kg-1 feed of Nile tilapia fingerlings (13.92 ± 0.06 g initial weight) in triplicate. After 4- and 8- weeks post-feeding, fish were sampled to determine the effects of the ESE supplemented on fish's growth performance, humoral, and skin mucus immune response. After 8 weeks post-feeding, a challenge test against Streptococcus agalactiae was carried out using 10 fish from each tank. Fish fed ESE showed significantly increased serum lysozyme (SL), serum peroxidase (SP), alternative complement (ACH50), phagocytosis (PI), and respiratory burst (RB) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The skin mucus lysozyme (SMLA) and skin peroxidase (SMPA) were stimulated in fish fed ESE diets. Dietary inclusion of ESE significantly (P < 0.05) promoted final body weight (FW), weight gain (WG), and specific growth rate (SGR); while a reduction in feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed in fish fed 5 g kg-1 ESE, after 8 weeks post-feeding. The challenge study indicated that the relative percent survival (RSP) was 38.10%, 76.19%, 66.67%, and 47.62% in Diet 2, Diet 3, Diet 4, and Diet 5, respectively. Among the supplemented groups, dietary of 5 g kg-1 ESE showed significantly higher RPS and the highest resistance to S. agalactiae in comparison with other groups. In conclusion, supplementation of ESE (5 g kg-1) enhanced the humoral and mucosal immunity, promoted growth performance, and improved disease resistance of Nile tilapia against Streptococcus agalactiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd, Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Korawan Sringarm
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sanchai Jaturasitha
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd, Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Trisadee Khamlor
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Maria Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Mehdi Soltani
- Fresh water and Fish Health Group, Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Australia
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14
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Boosted Growth Performance, Mucosal and Serum Immunity, and Disease Resistance Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fingerlings Using Corncob-Derived Xylooligosaccharide and Lactobacillus plantarum CR1T5. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019; 12:400-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-09554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Melo-Bolívar JF, Ruiz Pardo RY, Hume ME, Nisbet DJ, Rodríguez-Villamizar F, Alzate JF, Junca H, Villamil Díaz LM. Establishment and characterization of a competitive exclusion bacterial culture derived from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) gut microbiomes showing antibacterial activity against pathogenic Streptococcus agalactiae. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215375. [PMID: 31050668 PMCID: PMC6499431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports the characterization of the microbial community composition, and the establishment and dynamics of a continuous-flow competitive exclusion culture (CFCEC) derived from gut microbiomes of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) specimens reared on aquaculture farms in Colombia. 16S rRNA gene amplicon Illumina sequencing was used to identify taxonomical changes in the CFCEC microbial community over time. The CFCEC was developed from adult tilapia from two farms in Colombia, and CFCEC samples were collected over two months. The pH varied from 6.25 to 6.35 throughout culturing, while anaerobic and aerobic cell counts stabilized at day 9, at 109 CFU mL-1 and were maintained to day 68. A variation in the CFCEC bacterial composition was observed over time. Cetobacterium was the most abundant in the first two days and coincided with a higher CFCEC supernatant antimicrobial effect against the fish pathogen Streptococcus agalactiae. Antimicrobial activity against S. agalactiae disappeared by day 3. Changes in bacterial composition continued to day 33 with Lactococcus spp. becoming the most abundant member of the community. In conclusion, the study of the CFCEC from intestinal tract of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing allowed identification of predominant bacterial genera in the continuous-flow competitive exclusion culture exhibiting antibacterial activity against the fish pathogen Streptococcus agalactiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernando Melo-Bolívar
- Universidad de La Sabana, Faculty of Engineering, Campus Universitario del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Ruth Yolanda Ruiz Pardo
- Universidad de La Sabana, Faculty of Engineering, Campus Universitario del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
- Universidad de La Sabana, Faculty of Engineering, Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales, Campus Universitario del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Michael E. Hume
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - David J. Nisbet
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Villamizar
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Centro de investigación Tibaitatá, Mosquera, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Juan F. Alzate
- Centro Nacional de Secuenciación Genómica- CNSG, Sede de Investigación Universitaria SIU, Grupo de Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Howard Junca
- Microbiomas Foundation, Div. Ecogenomics & Holobionts, RG Microbial Ecology: Metabolism, Genomics & Evolution, Chía, Colombia
| | - Luisa Marcela Villamil Díaz
- Universidad de La Sabana, Faculty of Engineering, Campus Universitario del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
- Universidad de La Sabana, Faculty of Engineering, Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Agroindustriales, Campus Universitario del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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16
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Lulijwa R, Alfaro AC, Merien F, Burdass M, Young T, Meyer J, Nguyen TV, Trembath C. Characterisation of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) blood and validation of flow cytometry cell count and viability assay kit. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:179-188. [PMID: 30822520 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
New Zealand Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) industry has great potential for growth and expansion. While production is relatively free of health problems, there is limited literature on haematology, and immunological tools to safeguard against possible future health threats. The current study aim was to characterise New Zealand farmed O. tshawytscha peripheral blood cellular composition, develop a micro-volume method to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and validate a microcapillary flow cytometry assay kit for PBMC cell count and viability assessment. We used light microscopy to characterise peripheral blood and PBMC cellular composition in combination with a flow cytometer Sysmex XT 2000i Haematology Analyser. ImageJ version 1.52 was used for cell size characterisation of freshly stained blood. The stability of PBMCs stained with the Muse® Cell Count and Viability Assay Kit and the Trypan blue assay stains were studied at 4 °C and 21 °C for 60 min; while the Muse® Cell Count and Viability Assay Kit was validated against the Trypan blue assay haemocytometer chamber to assess PBMC count and viability. Findings showed that O. tshawytscha smolt yearlings had total blood cell counts in the range of 1.9-2.7 × 106 μL-1. Differential cell counts revealed five cell types, comprising 97.18% erythrocytes, 2.03% lymphocytes, 0.67% thrombocytes, 0.09% monocytes, and unquantifiable neutrophils. Using micro-volumes of blood and Lymphoprep™, we successfully isolated fish PBMCs. Significantly, stained PBMCs remained stable for up to 45 min at 4 °C and 21 °C; while validation of the Muse® protocol showed that this microfluidic instrument delivered more accurate and precise viability results than the haemocytometer. The Muse® protocol is rapid, easy to use, has quick calibration steps, and is suitable for field use to facilitate onsite sample processing. These findings pave the way for future assessments of fish health and in vitro immunological studies in O. tshawytscha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Lulijwa
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand; National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO), Rwebitaba Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (Rwebitaba-ZARDI), P. O. Box 96, Fort Portal, Uganda
| | - Andrea C Alfaro
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Fabrice Merien
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand; AUT-Roche Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Mark Burdass
- Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology (NMIT), H-Block, 322 Hardy Street, Private Bag 19, Nelson, 7042, New Zealand
| | - Tim Young
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jill Meyer
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Thao V Nguyen
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Caroline Trembath
- Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology (NMIT), H-Block, 322 Hardy Street, Private Bag 19, Nelson, 7042, New Zealand
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Neamat‐Allah ANF, El-Murr AEI, Abd El‐Hakim Y. Dietary supplementation with low molecular weight sodium alginate improves growth, haematology, immune reactions and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophilain Clarias gariepinus. AQUACULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 50:1547-1556. [DOI: 10.1111/are.14031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed N. F. Neamat‐Allah
- Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
| | - Abd elhakeem I. El-Murr
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
| | - Yasser Abd El‐Hakim
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt
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18
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Mohan K, Ravichandran S, Muralisankar T, Uthayakumar V, Chandirasekar R, Seedevi P, Abirami RG, Rajan DK. Application of marine-derived polysaccharides as immunostimulants in aquaculture: A review of current knowledge and further perspectives. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:1177-1193. [PMID: 30599257 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of antibiotics in the feeds of cultivable aquatic animals has been generally practised to reduce infectious diseases as well as to improve the survival and growth. In recent years, many countries ban to aquatic animals due to the use of large amount of antibiotics and chemotherapies, thus alternative novel strategies are need to promote the growth of aquatic animals and control the pathogens. Dietary supplementation of marine-derived polysaccharides (MDPs) is one of the potential substitutes for antibiotics in aquatic animal feeds. Recently, the use of dietary MDPs in the aquaculture animals has been focused with much interest. In aquaculture, MDPs are used as prebiotic substance which is mostly accepted as a nutritional component for improving the growth performance and health conditions. Hence, present review is a comprehensive and an updated collection of available research reports on different MDPs (alginate, fucoidan, carrageenan, laminarin, ulvan, galactan, agar, chitin and chitosan), route of administration, dosage and applications for improving aqua feeds with emphasis on its effects on growth, biochemical indices, immune response, gut microbiota and disease resistance of aquaculture animals. This review describes the sustainability of global aquaculture production by providing a best alternative to harmful antibiotics, thereby meeting the emerging consumer demand for antibiotic-free aquatic food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Mohan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608 502, India.
| | - Samuthirapandian Ravichandran
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608 502, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Muralisankar
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 046, India
| | | | | | - Palaniappan Seedevi
- Department of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramu Ganesan Abirami
- School of Applied Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Technology (CEST), Fiji National University, 5529, Fiji
| | - Durairaj Karthick Rajan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608 502, India
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19
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Elumalai P, Prakash P, Musthafa MS, Faggio C. Effect of alkoxy glycerol on growth performance, immune response and disease resistance in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Res Vet Sci 2019; 123:298-304. [PMID: 30769237 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fish oil and their compounds derived from the same have immense applications in the improvement of health, brain development, enhancing immunity etc. This study aimed at the supplementation of such a compound alkoxy glycerol derived from shark liver oil in fish diet and thereby analyzing growth as well as immune parameters of Oreochromis niloticus. 400 fishes were distributed into 11 glass tanks, and then fishes were weighed before starting the experiment. (Average weight was found to be 5.3 ± 0.10 g). Feed was prepared using alkoxy glycerol in the doses like 5, 10, 15 g kg-1 Fishes were fed with the prepared diet for 30 days and growth parameters like specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain (WG), final weight (FW), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured. On the 30th day, fishes were challenged with 0.1 ml of normal saline solution containing 107 CFUml-1 of Aeromonas hydrophila and disease resistance was monitored. After 30 days of post challenge observation, immunological and lipid peroxidation assays like alternative complement (ACH50), phagocytosis (PI), respiratory burst activities (RB), and serum lysozyme (SL) were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetham Elumalai
- Department of Processing Technology (Biochemistry), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Kochi 682 506, Kerala, India; Centre of Excellence in Food Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Panangad, Kochi 682 506, Kerala, India.
| | - Parvathy Prakash
- Centre of Excellence in Food Processing Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Panangad, Kochi 682 506, Kerala, India
| | | | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina-Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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20
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Zheng CC, Cai XY, Huang MM, Mkingule I, Sun C, Qian SC, Wu ZJ, Han BN, Fei H. Effect of biological additives on Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) growth performance, digestive enzymes activity and immunology. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:704-710. [PMID: 30359751 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) has become a commercially important fish species all over the world. High-density aquaculture has led to congestion and contributed to bacterial infection outbreaks that have caused high mortality. Therefore a 56-days feeding trial was conducted to determine the effects of dietary Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (GB-9) and Yarrowia lipolytica lipase2 (YLL2) on growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, innate immunity and resistance to pathogens of A. japonica. Fish growth performance was significantly affected by dietary YLL2 supplementation but not by GB-9. Fish fed diets with YLL2 at 2.0 g/kg diet in combination of high and low levels of GB-9 (5.0 g/kg and 2.0 g/kg) produced the highest growth. For digestive enzyme, lipase and trypsin activities was promoted by dietary containing YLL2, while amylase activities was increased by dietary containing YLL2, GB-9 single or combination. For innate immunity, the mucus lysozyme activity, leukocytes phagocytosis activity and reactive oxygen species level of skin, peroxidase and lysozyme activity of serum were enhanced in fish fed with GB-9 compared to those in control group (p < 0.05). The highest resistance to Vibrio anguillarum and Aeromonas hydrophila was determined in fish fed with 5.0 g kg-1 GB-9 + 2.0 g/kg YLL2. This study demonstrated that GB-9 and YLL2 enhanced non-specific immune defense system of A. japonica, providing them with higher resistance to pathogens. The present results suggested that the combination of these supplements could be considered as potential biological additives for aquaculture farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cai Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xin-Yi Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Meng-Meng Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Idefonce Mkingule
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Cong Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Shi-Chao Qian
- Hangzhou Biopeptide Biotech Co., Ltd, 310012, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Ju Wu
- Hangzhou Biopeptide Biotech Co., Ltd, 310012, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Nan Han
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Qingdao Master Biotechnology Co., Ltd, 266000, China
| | - Hui Fei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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21
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Fei H, Lin GD, Zheng CC, Huang MM, Qian SC, Wu ZJ, Sun C, Shi ZG, Li JY, Han BN. Effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Yarrowia lipolytica lipase 2 on immunology and growth performance of Hybrid sturgeon. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:250-257. [PMID: 30125703 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A 12-weeks feeding trial was performed to investigate the possible effects of supplementation of Hybrid sturgeon diet with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (GB-9) and Yarrowia lipolytica lipase2 (YLL2) single or combined on immune response and growth performance of Hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser schrenkii ♂and Acipenser baeri ♀). For this aim, Hybrid sturgeons were fed with four experimental diets namely: Diet 1 (0-control), Diet 2 (5.0 g/kg GB-9), Diet 3 (4.0 g/kg YLL2), and Diet 4 (5.0 g/kg GB-9 + 4.0 g/kg YLL2), respectively. After fed with varied diets, growth performance, mucosal immune response, leukocytes immune response and serum immunological response were measured. The results indicated that supplementations of GB-9 + YLL2 resulted in a significant increase in final weight, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentenoic acid (EPA) concentration, compared with that of control (p < 0.05). For innate immunity, the results showed that skin mucus lysozyme activity, leukocytes phagocytosis activity and reactive oxygen species level, and serum alternative complement pathway activity, peroxidase and lysozyme activity were significantly higher in supplemented groups compared to the control (p < 0.05). The highest values were recorded in fish fed both YLL2 and GB-9 with respect to the individual application. The present results suggested that the combination of these supplementation could be considered as potential feed-additives for aquaculture farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Guo-Dong Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Cheng-Cai Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Meng-Meng Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Shi-Chao Qian
- Hangzhou Biopeptide Biotech Co., Ltd., 310012, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Ju Wu
- Hangzhou Biopeptide Biotech Co., Ltd., 310012, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhen-Guang Shi
- Yunnan Amur Sturgeon Group Co., Ltd., 654200, Huize, China
| | - Jian-You Li
- Huize Dian Ze Aquaculture Co., Ltd., 654200, Huize, China
| | - Bing-Nan Han
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 310018, Hangzhou, China; Qingdao Master Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 266000, China
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22
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Doan HV, Hoseinifar SH, Elumalai P, Tongsiri S, Chitmanat C, Jaturasitha S, Doolgindachbaporn S. Effects of orange peels derived pectin on innate immune response, disease resistance and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured under indoor biofloc system. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:56-62. [PMID: 29859308 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the effects of orange peels derived pectin (OPDP) on skin mucus and serum immune parameters, disease resistance and growth performance of O. niloticus cultured under indoor biofloc system. Six hundred Nile tilapia (average weight 9.09 ± 0.05 g) were distributed into 15 fiber tanks (300 L per tank) assigned to five treatments repeated in triplicate. Fish were fed experimental diets contain different levels OPDP as follows: 0 (control in clear water), 0 (control in biofloc system), 5, 10, and 20 g kg-1 OPDP for 8 weeks. At weeks 4 and 8 post feeding, skin mucus lysozyme (SMLA), peroxidase activities (SMPA), serum lysozyme (SL), serum peroxidase (SP), alternative complement (ACH50), phagocytosis (PI), and respiratory burst activities (RB) as well specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain (WG), final weight (FW), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured. Also, resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae was assessed after 8 weeks post-feeding. Nile tilapia fed OPDP supplemented diets had significantly higher SMLA and SMPA compared to the controls (P < 0.05). The maximum values were observed in tilapia fed 10 g kg-1 OPDP followed by 5 and 20 g kg-1 OPDP. Nevertheless, no significant differences were observed between these two supplemented diets and between the control groups (P > 0.05). Regarding the serum immunological parameters, dietary inclusion of 10 g kg-1 OPDP showed significant higher SL and PI than other supplemented groups and control groups (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in SL and PI of fish fed 5 and 20 g kg-1 OPDP (P > 0.05). Dietary administration of OPDP significantly increased SP and ACH50 compared to the controls (P < 0.05), regardless of inclusion level. Additionally, non-significant change was found in RB of OPDP fed fish when compared with the controls (P > 0.05). The challenge test revealed that relative percent of survival (RPS) in OPDP treatments were 45.45%, 81.82%, 50%, respectively. The highest RPS was noticed in fish fed 10 g kg-1 OPDP. Furthermore, dietary administration of OPDP significantly improved SGR, WG, FW, and FCR (P < 0.05). Overall, the present findings suggested that OPDP can be taken into account as functional feed additives for O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan, Iran
| | - Preetham Elumalai
- School of Aquatic Food Products and Techonology Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies Panangad, Kochi, 682 506, Kerala, India
| | - Sudaporn Tongsiri
- Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
| | - Chanagun Chitmanat
- Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
| | - Sanchai Jaturasitha
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
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Liu HX, Zhou XQ, Jiang WD, Wu P, Liu Y, Zeng YY, Jiang J, Kuang SY, Tang L, Feng L. Optimal α-lipoic acid strengthen immunity of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) by enhancing immune function of head kidney, spleen and skin. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:600-617. [PMID: 30018021 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was for the first time to investigate the effects of α-lipoic acid (LA) on growth and immune function of head kidney, spleen and skin in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 540 healthy grass carp (with initial body weight at 216.59 ± 0.33 g) were randomly divided into six groups and fed six separate diets with graded dietary levels of LA for 70 days. Un-supplemented group did not find LA and its concentrations in the other five diets were 203.25, 403.82, 591.42, 781.25 and 953.18 mg kg-1, respectively. After the growth trial, fish were challenged with A. hydrophila for 14 days. The results showed that, compared with the un-supplemented group, optimal LA improved lysozyme (LZ) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities, enhanced complement 3 (C3), C4 and immunoglobulin (Ig) M contents and up-regulated hepcidin, liver expressed antimicrobial peptide (LEAP)-2A, LEAP-2B and β-defensin-1 mRNA levels in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp; meanwhile, optimal LA up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokines transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β2, interleukin (IL)-4/13A (not IL-4/13B), IL-10 and IL-11 mRNA levels partly related to target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling and down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p40 (not IL-12p35), IL-15 (not in the skin) and IL-17D mRNA levels partially associated with nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp. Above results indicated that optimal LA enhanced the immune function of head kidney, spleen and skin in fish. Interestingly, excessive LA decreased the growth and impaired the immune function of head kidney, spleen and skin in fish. Finally, on the basis of the percent weight gain (PWG), the ability against skin hemorrhage and lesion, the IgM content in the head kidney and the LZ activity in the spleen, the optimal dietary LA levels were estimated to be 315.37, 382.33, 353.19 and 318.26 mg kg-1 diet, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Xi Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yun-Yun Zeng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sheng-Yao Kuang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Ashouri G, Mahboobi Soofiani N, Hoseinifar SH, Jalali SAH, Morshedi V, Van Doan H, Torfi Mozanzadeh M. Combined effects of dietary low molecular weight sodium alginate and Pediococcus acidilactici MA18/5M on growth performance, haematological and innate immune responses of Asian sea bass (Lates calcalifer) juveniles. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 79:34-41. [PMID: 29738872 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Six weeks feeding trial was conducted to examine the effects of dietary administration of low molecular weight sodium alginate (LMWSA) and Pediococcus acidilactici MA 18/5M (PA) on humoral and mucosal immune responses, haematological parameters and growth performance, of Lates calcarifer juveniles. Fish (12.0 ± 0.2 g) were fed experimental diets as follows: Control (diet 1, basal diet), 5 g kg-1 LMWSA (diet 2), 10 g kg-1 LMWSA (diet 3), 0.9 × 107 CFU g-1 PA (diet 4), 5 g kg-1 LMWSA + 0.9 × 107 CFU g-1 PA (Diet 5), and 10 g kg-1 LMWSA + 0.9 × 107 CFU g-1 PA (Diet 6). Results indicated a significant (P < 0.05) increase in innate immune parameters including serum lysozyme, bactericidal, hemolytic and respiratory burst activities as well as mucosal immune responses including lysozyme and bactericidal activities, when diet was supplemented with immunostimulants. Moreover, the combined effects of LMWSA with PA resulted in more pronounced immunological responses compared to the control and singular administration. Red and white blood cell counts significantly increased with either singular or combined administration of LMWSA and PA compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The singular administration of PA and combined supplementation of 5 g kg-1 LMWSA with PA significantly increased growth performance and feed intake compared with other experimental groups (P < 0.05). These results indicated that combined administration of LMWSA and PA can be considered as beneficial feed additive and immunostimulant in L. calcarifer juveniles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Ashouri
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Nasrollah Mahboobi Soofiani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Hossein Jalali
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Vahid Morshedi
- Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 7516913798, Iran
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh
- Iran Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO), South Iranian Aquaculture Research Center, Marine Fish Aquaculture Research Station, Sarbandar, Iran
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25
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Pérez-Sánchez T, Mora-Sánchez B, Balcázar JL. Biological Approaches for Disease Control in Aquaculture: Advantages, Limitations and Challenges. Trends Microbiol 2018; 26:896-903. [PMID: 29801773 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although aquaculture activity has experienced a great development over the past three decades, infectious diseases have become a limiting factor for further intensification. Because the use of antibiotics has led to the widespread emergence of antibiotic resistance, the search for alternative environmentally friendly approaches is urgently needed. This Opinion paper offers an update on the successes and challenges of biological approaches for bacterial disease prevention and control in aquaculture. Although most of these approaches are still in research and development stages, some of them have shown promising results in field trials. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of these approaches will help to maximise their beneficial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Pérez-Sánchez
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Brenda Mora-Sánchez
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Animal Health, Centro Veterinario de Diagnóstico e Investigación (CEVEDI), School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua-León, Carretera a la Ceiba 1 Km al Este, León, Nicaragua
| | - José Luis Balcázar
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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26
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Yudiati E, Santosa GW, Tontowi MR, Sedjati S, Supriyantini E, Khakimah M. Optimization of alginate alkaline extraction technology from Sargassum polycystum and its antioxidant properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/139/1/012052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Van Doan H, Hoseinifar SH, Dawood MAO, Chitmanat C, Tayyamath K. Effects of Cordyceps militaris spent mushroom substrate and Lactobacillus plantarum on mucosal, serum immunology and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:87-94. [PMID: 28882795 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An 8-weeks feeding trial was performed to investigate the possible effects of supplementation of Nile tilapia diet with Cordyceps militaris spent mushroom substrate (SMS) single or combined with Lactobacillus plantarum on immune parameters and growth performance. For this aim, Nile tilapia fingerlings were fed with four experimental diets namely: Diet 1 (0 - control), Diet 2 (10 g kg-1 SMS), Diet 3 (108 CFU g-1L. plantarum), and Diet 4 (10 g kg-1 SMS + 108 CFU g-1L. plantarum). At the end of feeding trial, skin mucus parameters, serum immune parameters, and growth performance were measured. The results indicated that supplementations SMS + L. plantarum or/and resulted in a significant increase in skin mucus lysozyme and peroxidase activities compared with the control group after 8 weeks of feeding trial (P < 0.05). The highest values of these parameters were recorded for fish fed both SMS + L. plantarum supplementations. Nonetheless, no significant difference was recorded between other supplemented groups (P < 0.05). For serum immunology, the results showed that serum lysozyme activity, alternative complement, phagocytosis, serum peroxidase, and respiratory burst activities were significantly higher in supplemented groups compared to the control (P < 0.05). The highest values were recorded in fish fed both SMS and L. plantarum with respect to the individual application. No significant differences were observed between fish fed SMS and L. plantarum (P < 0.05). Results on growth performance indicated that fish fed supplemented diets showed a statistically significant increase in the specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain (WG), final weight (FW) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The highest SGR and WG values were observed in fish fed both dietary SMS and L. plantarum. However, no significant differences in these parameters were observed in fish fed SMS or L. plantarum alone (P > 0.05). The FCR was significantly lower in fish fed 10 g kg-1 SMS + 108 CFU g-1L. plantarum than in other groups, while control group presented the highest values (P < 0.05). The present results suggested that the combination of these natural substances could be considered as potential feed-additives for aquaculture farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Chanagun Chitmanat
- Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand
| | - Khambou Tayyamath
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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28
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Doan HV, Hoseinifar SH, Tapingkae W, Chitmanat C, Mekchay S. Effects of Cordyceps militaris spent mushroom substrate on mucosal and serum immune parameters, disease resistance and growth performance of Nile tilapia, (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 67:78-85. [PMID: 28578127 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of present study was determination effects of dietary administration of C. militaris spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on mucosal and serum immune parameters, disease resistance, and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Two hundred twenty five fish of similar weight (37.28 ± 0.10 g) were assigned to the following diets [0 (T1- Control), 5 (T2), 10 (T3), 20 (T4) and 40 g kg-1 (T5) SMS]. After 60 days of feeding trial, growth performance, skin mucus lysozyme and peroxidase activities as well as serum innate immune were measured. In addition, survival rate and innate immune responses were calculated after challenge test (15 days) against Streptococcus agalactiae. The results revealed that regardless of inclusion levels, feeding Nile tilapia with SMS supplemented diets significantly increased skin mucus lysozyme and peroxidase activities as well as serum immune parameters (SL, ACH50, PI, RB, and RB) compared control group (P < 0.05). The highest increment of immune parameters was observed in fish fed 10 g kg-1 SMS which was significantly higher than other treatments (P < 0.05). Also, the relative percent survival (RSP) in T2, T3, T4, and T5 was 61.11%, 88.89%, 66.67, and 55.56%, respectively. Among the supplemented groups, fish fed 10 g kg-1 SMS showed significant higher RPS and resistance to S. agalactiae than other groups (P < 0.05). Regarding the growth performance, SGR, WG, FW, and FCR were remarkably improved (P < 0.05) in SMS groups; the highest improvement observed in 10 g kg-1 SMS treatment. According to these finding, administration of 10 g kg-1 SMS is suggested in tilapia to improve growth performance and health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand.
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Wanaporn Tapingkae
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Chanagun Chitmanat
- Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290 Thailand
| | - Supamit Mekchay
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
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29
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Van Doan H, Hoseinifar SH, Tapingkae W, Khamtavee P. The effects of dietary kefir and low molecular weight sodium alginate on serum immune parameters, resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae and growth performance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 62:139-146. [PMID: 28088470 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the effects of dietary kefir and low molecular weight sodium alginate (LWMSA) (singular or combined) on non-specific immune response, disease resistance and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish with average weight of 18.60 ± 0.04 g were supplied and randomly stocked in sixteen glass tanks (150 L) at density of 20 fish per tank. Fish were fed experimental diets as follows: 0 g kg-1 LMWSA (Control, Diet 1), 10 g kg-1 LMWSA (Diet 2), 40 g kg-1 kefir (Diet 3), and 10 g kg-1 LMWSA + 40 g kg-1 kefir (Diet 4) for 50 days. At the end of the feeding trial, serum lysozyme (SL), phagocytosis (PI), respiratory burst (RB), and alternative complement (ACH50) activities as well as growth performance were measured. Singular and combined administration of kefir and low molecular weight sodium alginate (LMWSA) significantly increased serum SL, PI, RB, and ACH50 activities compared control group (P < 0.05); the highest innate immune responses were observed in fish fed combinational diet (kefir + LMWSA) (P < 0.05). The results of experimental challenge revealed significantly higher resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae in fish fed supplemented diets and the highest post challenge survival rate was observed in synbiotic diet (P < 0.05). Similar results obtained in case of growth parameters. Feeding on supplemented diet significantly improved SGR and FCR and the highest growth parameters was observed in fish fed synbiotic diet (P < 0.05). These finding revealed that combined administration of dietary kefir and LMWSA can be considered for improving immune response, disease resistance and growth performance of Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Wanaporn Tapingkae
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Pimporn Khamtavee
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
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30
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Van Doan H, Hoseinifar SH, Tapingkae W, Tongsiri S, Khamtavee P. Combined administration of low molecular weight sodium alginate boosted immunomodulatory, disease resistance and growth enhancing effects of Lactobacillus plantarum in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:678-685. [PMID: 27737798 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the effects of combined or singular administration of low molecular weight sodium alginate (LWMSA) and Lactobacillus plantarum on innate immune response, disease resistance and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Three hundred and twenty fish were supplied and randomly stocked in sixteen glass tanks (150 L) assigned to four treatments as follows: 0 g kg-1 LMWSA (Control, Diet 1), 10 g kg-1 LMWSA (Diet 2), 108 CFU g-1L. plantarum (Diet 3), and 10 g kg-1 LMWSA + 108 CFU g-1L. plantarum (Diet 4). Following 30 and 60 days of the feeding trial, serum lysozyme, phagocytosis, respiratory burst and alternative complement activities as well as growth performance parameters (specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio) were measured. Serum lysozyme, phagocytosis, respiratory burst, and alternative complement activities of fish were significantly stimulated by both LMWSA and L. plantarum diets, however, the highest innate immune response were observed in fish fed synbiotic diet. At the end of the experiment, eight fish per replication were randomly selected for a challenge test against Streptococcus agalactiae. The survival rate of the fish fed supplemented diets was significantly greater than the control treatment and the highest post challenge survival rate was observed in synbiotic diet. Furthermore, SGR and FCR were significantly improved in fish fed supplemented diets after 60 days and the highest growth performance was observed in fish fed synbiotic diet. These results suggest combined LMWSA and L. plantarum can be considered as a promising immunostimulant and growth enhancer in Nile tilapia diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Wanaporn Tapingkae
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sudaporn Tongsiri
- Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
| | - Pimporn Khamtavee
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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