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Liu BX, Xie Y, Zhang J, Zeng S, Li J, Tao Q, Yang J, Chen Y, Zeng C. SERPINB5 promotes colorectal cancer invasion and migration by promoting EMT and angiogenesis via the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111759. [PMID: 38460302 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of SERPINB5 in colorectal cancer (CRC). We established knockdown and overexpression models of SERPINB5 in CRC cells and conducted bioinformatics analysis to assess the clinicopathological significance of SERPINB5 expression in CRC patients. Human CRC cells were transfected with LV-SERPINB5 and sh-SERPINB5 lentivirus for subsequent functional and mechanistic studies. Results showed that high SERPINB5 expression correlated positively with CEA levels, N stage and lymphatic infiltration, while displaying a negative correlation with progression-free survival. Overexpression of SERPINB5 in CRC cells upregulated the expression of TNF-α, p-NF-κB/p65, N-cadherin, MMP2 and MMP9, accompanied by decreased E-cadherin expression. In addition, SERPINB5 overexpression enhanced the migration, invasion, and proliferation of CRC cells. Furthermore, overexpression of SERPINB5 in CRC cells increased VEGFA expression, and the conditioned medium from SERPINB5-overexpressing CRC cells promoted tube formation of HUVECs. Conversely, overexpression of SERPINB5 in HUVECs decreased VEGFA expression and inhibited tube formation. Notably, these changes in CRC cells were reversed by QNZ, a specific inhibitor of the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway. In summary, our findings revealed that high SERPINB5 expression correlated with poor progression-free survival in CRC patients. Moreover, SERPINB5 could induce EMT and angiogenesis by activating the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway, thereby promoting the invasion and migration of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Xia Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China; Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Huankui Academy of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuyan Zeng
- Huankui Academy of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qing Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Youxiang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunyan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi, China.
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Suda N, Bartolomé A, Liang J, Son J, Yagishita Y, Siebel C, Accili D, Ding H, Pajvani UB. β-cell Jagged1 is sufficient but not necessary for islet Notch activity and insulin secretory defects in obese mice. Mol Metab 2024; 81:101894. [PMID: 38311286 PMCID: PMC10877406 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Notch signaling, re-activated in β cells from obese mice and causal to β cell dysfunction, is determined in part by transmembrane ligand availability in a neighboring cell. We hypothesized that β cell expression of Jagged1 determines the maladaptive Notch response and resultant insulin secretory defects in obese mice. METHODS We assessed expression of Notch pathway components in high-fat diet-fed (HFD) or leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice, and performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) in islets from patients with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). We generated and performed glucose tolerance testing in inducible, β cell-specific Jagged1 gain-of- and loss-of-function mice. We also tested effects of monoclonal neutralizing antibodies to Jagged1 in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) assays in isolated islets. RESULTS Jag1 was the only Notch ligand that tracked with increased Notch activity in HFD-fed and db/db mice, as well as in metabolically-inflexible β cells enriched in patients with T2D. Neutralizing antibodies to block Jagged1 in islets isolated from HFD-fed and db/db mice potentiated GSIS ex vivo. To demonstrate if β cell Jagged1 is sufficient to cause glucose tolerance in vivo, we generated inducible β cell-specific Jag1 transgenic (β-Jag1TG) and loss-of-function (iβ-Jag1KO) mice. While forced Jagged1 impaired glucose intolerance due to reduced GSIS, loss of β cell Jagged1 did not protect against HFD-induced insulin secretory defects. CONCLUSIONS Jagged1 is increased in islets from obese mice and in patients with T2D, and neutralizing Jagged1 antibodies lead to improved GSIS, suggesting that inhibition of Jagged1-Notch signaling may have therapeutic benefit. However, genetic loss-of-function experiments suggest that β cells are not a likely source of the Jagged1 signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Suda
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jiani Liang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jinsook Son
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yoko Yagishita
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Domenico Accili
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hongxu Ding
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Utpal B Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Chen H, Han X, Zhang Y, Wang K, Liu D, Hu Z, Wang J. Bruceine D suppresses CAF-promoted TNBC metastasis under TNF-α stimulation by inhibiting Notch1-Jagged1/NF-κB(p65) signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:154928. [PMID: 38043386 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor prognosis because of its high degree of malignancy and the lack of effective treatment options. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) comprise the most abundant stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to functional impairments and facilitating tumor metastasis. Excessive TNF-α further promotes cross-talk between different cells in TME. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop more effective therapies and potential drugs that target the key factors that promote TNBC metastasis. PURPOSE The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Bruceine D, an active compound derived from the Chinese herb Brucea javanica, in inhibiting metastasis and elucidate the underlying mechanism of action in TNBC. METHODS In vitro, the clonogenic and the Transwell assays were used to assess the effects of Bruceine D on the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of co-cultured CAFs and MDA-MB-231 (4T1) cells under TNF-α stimulation. TNF-α, IL-6, CXCL12, TGF-β1, and MMP9 levels in the supernatant of co-cultured cells were determined using ELISA. Western blotting was utilized to detect the expression levels of proteins related to the Notch1-Jagged1/NF-κB(p65) pathway. In vivo, the anti-tumor growth and anti-metastatic effectiveness of Bruceine D was evaluated by determining tumor weight, number of metastatic lesions, and pathological changes in the tumor and lung/liver tissues. The inhibitory effect of Bruceine D on α-SMA+ CAFs activation and CAF-medicated extracellular matrix remodeling was accessed using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Masson and Sirius Red staining. The expression levels of Notch1, Jagged1 and p-NF-κB(p65) proteins in the primary tumors were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. RESULTS In vitro, Bruceine D significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of co-cultured CAFs and MDA-MB-231 (4T1) cells under TNF-α stimulation, reduced the expression of tumor-promoting and matrix-remodeling cytokines secreted by CAFs, and hindered the mutual activation of Notch1-Jagged1 and NF-κB(p65). In vivo, Bruceine D significantly suppressed tumor growth and the formation of lung and liver metastases by decreasing TNF-α stimulated α-SMA+ CAFs activation, collagen fibers, MMPs production, and inhibited Notch1-Jagged1/NF-κB(p65) signaling in TNBC-bearing mice. CONCLUSION Bruceine D effectively weakened the "tumor-CAF-inflammation" network by inhibiting the mutual activation of Notch1-Jagged1 and NF-κB(p65) and thereby suppressed TNBC metastasis. This study first explored that Bruceine D disrupted the cross-talk between CAFs and tumor cells under TNF-α stimulation to inhibit the metastasis of TNBC, and highlighted the potential of Bruceine D as therapeutic agent for suppressing tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004, Yinchuan, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, 48 Fenghao West Road, Lianhu District, 710082, Xian, China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Oncology Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli Street, 750004, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004, Yinchuan, China; Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, 1160 Shengli Street, 750004, Yinchuan, China.
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Apolinário PP, Zanchetta FC, Breder JSC, Adams G, Consonni SR, Gillis R, Saad MJA, Lima MHM. Anti-inflammatory, procollagen, and wound repair properties of topical insulin gel. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12640. [PMID: 37194835 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with impaired wound healing. The topical use of insulin is a promising therapy because it may favor all phases of the wound healing process. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic outcomes of insulin gel in wounds of hyperglycemic mice. After diabetes induction, a 1-cm2 full-thickness wound was created on each animal's dorsum. The lesions were treated daily for 14 days with insulin gel (insulin group) or vehicle gel without insulin (vehicle group). Tissue samples were extracted on days 4, 7, 10, and 14 after the creation of the lesion. The samples were analyzed with hematoxylin/eosin and Sirius red staining, immunohistochemistry, Bio-Plex immunoassays, and western blotting. Insulin gel favored re-epithelialization at day 10 and increased the organization and deposition of collagen. Additionally, it modulated the expression of cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10) and increased the expression of arginase I, VEGF receptor 1, and VEGF on day 10. Activation of the insulin signaling pathway occurred via IRβ, IRS1, and IKK on day 10 and activation of Akt and IRS1 on day 14. These results suggested that insulin gel improved wound healing in hyperglycemic mice by modulating the expression of inflammatory factors, growth factors, and proteins of the insulin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Apolinário
- Colégio Técnico de Campinas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - F C Zanchetta
- Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - J S C Breder
- Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - G Adams
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - S R Consonni
- Insituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - R Gillis
- Department of Service Sector Management, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - M J A Saad
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - M H M Lima
- Faculdade de Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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Miao X, Hu J, Chai C, Tang H, Zhao Z, Luo W, Zhou W, Xu H. Establishment and characterization of a new intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell line derived from a Chinese patient. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:418. [PMID: 36578029 PMCID: PMC9795767 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) require chemotherapy due to late detection, rapid disease progression, and low surgical resection rate. Tumor cell lines are extremely important in cancer research for drug discovery and development. Here, we established and characterized a new intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell line, ICC-X1. STR testing confirmed the absence of cross-contamination and high similarity to the original tissue. ICC-X1 exhibited typical epithelial morphology and formed tumor spheres in the suspension culture. The population doubling time was approximately 48 h. The cell line had a complex hypotriploid karyotype. The cell line exhibited a strong migration ability in vitro and cell inoculation into BALB/c nude mice led to the formation of xenografts. Additionally, ICC-X1 cells were sensitive to gemcitabine and paclitaxel but resistant to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin. RNA sequencing revealed that the upregulated cancer-related genes were mainly enriched in several signaling pathways, including the TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway. The downregulated cancer-related genes were mainly enriched in the Rap1 signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathway among other pathways. In conclusion, we have created a new ICC cell line derived from Chinese patients. This cell line can be used as a preclinical model to study ICC, specifically tumor metastasis and drug resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Miao
- grid.410727.70000 0001 0526 1937State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Jinjing Hu
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Changpeng Chai
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Huan Tang
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Zhenjie Zhao
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Wei Luo
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
| | - Wence Zhou
- grid.411294.b0000 0004 1798 9345Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China ,grid.32566.340000 0000 8571 0482The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Hao Xu
- grid.412643.60000 0004 1757 2902The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1, Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000 Gansu China
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Giordo R, Wehbe Z, Paliogiannis P, Eid AH, Mangoni AA, Pintus G. Nano-targeting vascular remodeling in cancer: Recent developments and future directions. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:784-804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Niklander SE. Inflammatory Mediators in Oral Cancer: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Diagnostic Potential. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 2:642238. [PMID: 35047997 PMCID: PMC8757707 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.642238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 15% of cancers are attributable to the inflammatory process, and growing evidence supports an association between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and chronic inflammation. Different oral inflammatory conditions, such as oral lichen planus (OLP), submucous fibrosis, and oral discoid lupus, are all predisposing for the development of OSCC. The microenvironment of these conditions contains various transcription factors and inflammatory mediators with the ability to induce proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and invasion of genetically predisposed lesions, thereby promoting tumor development. In this review, we will focus on the main inflammatory molecules and transcription factors activated in OSCC, with emphasis on their translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven E Niklander
- Unidad de Patologia y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile
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Minguzzi M, Panichi V, D’Adamo S, Cetrullo S, Cattini L, Flamigni F, Mariani E, Borzì RM. Pleiotropic Roles of NOTCH1 Signaling in the Loss of Maturational Arrest of Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112012. [PMID: 34769441 PMCID: PMC8585104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling has been identified as a critical regulator of cartilage development and homeostasis. Its pivotal role was established by both several joint specific Notch signaling loss of function mouse models and transient or sustained overexpression. NOTCH1 is the most abundantly expressed NOTCH receptors in normal cartilage and its expression increases in osteoarthritis (OA), when chondrocytes exit from their healthy “maturation arrested state” and resume their natural route of proliferation, hypertrophy, and terminal differentiation. The latter are hallmarks of OA that are easily evaluated in vitro in 2-D or 3-D culture models. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of NOTCH1 knockdown on proliferation (cell count and Picogreen mediated DNA quantification), cell cycle (flow cytometry), hypertrophy (gene and protein expression of key markers such as RUNX2 and MMP-13), and terminal differentiation (viability measured in 3-D cultures by luminescence assay) of human OA chondrocytes. NOTCH1 silencing of OA chondrocytes yielded a healthier phenotype in both 2-D (reduced proliferation) and 3-D with evidence of decreased hypertrophy (reduced expression of RUNX2 and MMP-13) and terminal differentiation (increased viability). This demonstrates that NOTCH1 is a convenient therapeutic target to attenuate OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Minguzzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Veronica Panichi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (S.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Stefania D’Adamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Silvia Cetrullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (S.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Luca Cattini
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Flavio Flamigni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (S.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Erminia Mariani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Rosa Maria Borzì
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Shash LS, Ibrahim RA, Elgohary SA. E-cadherin and N-cadherin Immunohistochemical Expression in Proliferating Urothelial Lesions: Potential Novel Cancer Predictive EMT Profiles. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:657-666. [PMID: 33979097 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cadherin switch (CS) outlined by downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of N-cadherin is an established epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) hallmark, being a common signature in wound healing and carcinogenesis. It is intriguing to explore the EMT-associated CS pattern in precancerous phases as well as variably aggressive bladder cancer categories. In this study, we tested CS signified by a reduction in urothelial cells E-cadherin expression and/or aberrant N-cadherin expression in proliferative epithelial changes (PEC) associating inflammation, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Immunohistochemical study of both E-cadherin and N-cadherin was performed for 60 cases: 15 PEC, 8 NMIBC, and 37 MIBC. CS patterns were analyzed: abnormal CS patterns were expressed as deviated, hybrid, co-negative, and full CS patterns. E-cadherin expression was significantly preserved in PEC (86.7%) followed by NMIBC (62.5%) and then MIBC (37.8%) (P=0.004), whereas N-cadherin showed obvious aberrant expression in MIBC (51.4%) as compared with PEC (33.3%) and NMIBC (25%). In the MIBC group, abnormal cadherin patterns were the highest (70.3%) and was associated with adverse prognostic indicators. In the context of NMIBC progression to MIBC, combined E and N-cadherin evaluation showed highest sensitivity (70.3%) and NPV (31.3%), whereas aberrant expression of N-cadherin presented highest specificity (75%) and positive predictive value (90.5%). For cancer prediction, combined E-cadherin and N-cadherin evaluation showed the highest sensitivity (64.4%); abnormal E-cadherin offered highest specificity (86.7%), positive predictive value (92.9%), and negative predictive value (40.6%). In posttherapy follow-up setting, a metastable EMT signature in the form of partial CS was noted and might reflect resistant dormant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobna S Shash
- Surgical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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10
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Yu J, Zhu C, Wang X, Kim K, Bartolome A, Dongiovanni P, Yates KP, Valenti L, Carrer M, Sadowski T, Qiang L, Tabas I, Lavine JE, Pajvani UB. Hepatocyte TLR4 triggers inter-hepatocyte Jagged1/Notch signaling to determine NASH-induced fibrosis. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabe1692. [PMID: 34162749 PMCID: PMC8792974 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe1692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant hepatocyte Notch activity is critical to the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-induced liver fibrosis, but mechanisms underlying Notch reactivation in developed liver are unclear. Here, we identified that increased expression of the Notch ligand Jagged1 (JAG1) tracked with Notch activation and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS) in human liver biopsy specimens and mouse NASH models. The increase in Jag1 was mediated by hepatocyte Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling in pericentral hepatocytes. Hepatocyte-specific Jag1 overexpression exacerbated fibrosis in mice fed a high-fat diet or a NASH-provoking diet rich in palmitate, cholesterol, and sucrose and reversed the protection afforded by hepatocyte-specific TLR4 deletion, whereas hepatocyte-specific Jag1 knockout mice were protected from NASH-induced liver fibrosis. To test therapeutic potential of this biology, we designed a Jag1-directed antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) and a hepatocyte-specific N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-modified siRNA, both of which reduced NASH diet-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Overall, these data demonstrate that increased hepatocyte Jagged1 is the proximal hit for Notch-induced liver fibrosis in mice and suggest translational potential of Jagged1 inhibitors in patients with NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Changyu Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - KyeongJin Kim
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alberto Bartolome
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Paola Dongiovanni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Katherine P Yates
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Luca Valenti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20122, Italy
- Translational Medicine, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | | | | | - Li Qiang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ira Tabas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Physiology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joel E Lavine
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Utpal B Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Herrada AA, Olate-Briones A, Rojas A, Liu C, Escobedo N, Piesche M. Adipose tissue macrophages as a therapeutic target in obesity-associated diseases. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13200. [PMID: 33426811 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is an increasing problem in developed and developing countries. Individuals with obesity have a higher risk of several diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, increased risk of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, infertility, degenerative disorders, and also certain types of cancer. Adipose tissue (AT) is considered an extremely active endocrine organ, and the expansion of AT is accompanied by the infiltration of different types of immune cells, which induces a state of low-grade, chronic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. Even though the exact mechanism of this low-grade inflammation is not fully understood, there is clear evidence that AT-infiltrating macrophages (ATMs) play a significant role in the pro-inflammatory state and dysregulated metabolism. ATMs represent the most abundant class of leukocytes in AT, constituting 5% of the cells in AT in individuals with normal weight. However, this percentage dramatically increases up to 50% in individuals with obesity, suggesting an important role of ATMs in obesity and its associated complications. In this review, we discuss current knowledge of the function of ATMs during steady-state and obesity and analyze its contribution to different obesity-associated diseases, highlighting the potential therapeutic target of ATMs in these pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés A Herrada
- Lymphatic vasculature and inflammation research laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Alexandra Olate-Briones
- Lymphatic vasculature and inflammation research laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Noelia Escobedo
- Lymphatic vasculature and inflammation research laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Matthias Piesche
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Oncology Center, Medicine Faculty, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
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12
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Kumar S, Agnihotri N. Piperlongumine targets NF-κB and its downstream signaling pathways to suppress tumor growth and metastatic potential in experimental colon cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1765-1781. [PMID: 33433833 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB is the principle transcription factor and plays the central role in orchestrating chronic inflammation by regulating levels of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Piperlongumine (PL), a major alkaloid in the fruit of Piper longum Linn. has gained worldwide attention for its anticancer properties, however, its mechanism of action in the chemoprevention of colon cancer has not been investigated yet. Therefore, the present study was designed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of PL in preventing DMH/DSS induced experimental colon cancer in mice. In the current study well established DMH/DSS induced experimental colon cancer mouse model was used to demonstrate the chemopreventive potential of PL. The expression of NF-κB and its downstream target proteins was evaluated mainly through western blotting. In addition, CAM assay, immunohistochemical staining and gelatin zymography was used to show anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive potential of PL. Additionally, important tumor biomarkers such as TSA, LASA, LDH and IL-6 levels were also estimated. The results of current study showed that PL was capable to inhibit NF-κB activation as well as its nuclear translocation. PL administration to DMH/DSS treated mice also inhibited the NF-κB downstream signaling cascades such as including COX-2 pathway, JAK/STAT pathway, β-catenin, Notch signaling pathway, angiogenesis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition pathway. The findings of the present study have claimed PL as promising chemopreventive agent for colon cancer with pleiotropic action. The current study emphasizes that regular consumption of PL can be an effective approach in the prevention of colon cancer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science, Block-II, Sector-25, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Lab, Block J, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India
| | - Navneet Agnihotri
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Science, Block-II, Sector-25, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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13
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Liu Y, Ji X, Kang N, Zhou J, Liang X, Li J, Han T, Zhao C, Yang T. Tumor necrosis factor α inhibition overcomes immunosuppressive M2b macrophage-induced bevacizumab resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:993. [PMID: 33214550 PMCID: PMC7678839 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bevacizumab in neoadjuvant therapy provides a new hope of improved survival for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor in combination with chemotherapy, but curative effect is limited by bevacizumab’s continuous use while mechanisms remain incompletely understood. More and more researches reported that tumor-associated macrophages mediate resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in various tumors. Here we developed a TNBC model resistant to bevacizumab under bevacizumab continuous administration. It was found that proportion of a specific subset of tumor-associated macrophages characterized as M2b (CD11b+ CD86high IL10high) increased and responsible for acquired resistance to bevacizumab. Then, we showed that RAW264.7 macrophages could be polarized to M2b subtype on simultaneous exposure to bevacizumab and TLR4 ligands as occurs in the context of continuous bevacizumab treatment. Concordantly, in TLR4-deleted C57BL/10ScNJNju (TLR4lps–del) mut/mut mice with bevacizumab treatment model, it was verified that the M2b macrophage could be induced by Fc gamma receptor-TLR4 cross-talk. In MDA-MB-231-resistant tumor-bearing mice, the content of TNFα in serum kept going up consistent with CCL1, a chemokine of M2b macrophage. In vitro neutralizing tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) could inhibit the tumor progression caused by M2b culture medium and tumor IDO1 expression. Therefore, we thought that TNFα is a key tumor-promoting effector molecule secreted by M2b macrophage. Accordingly, the curative effect of bevacizumab was proved to be significantly improved by neutralizing TNFα with anti-TNFα nanobody. This study is expected to provide theoretical and clinical evidence elucidating the drug resistance in patients receiving bevacizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xuemei Ji
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Nannan Kang
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Junfei Zhou
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xue Liang
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tianzhen Han
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tianwu Yang
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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14
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Inflammation-induced colon cancer in uPA-deficient mice is associated with a deregulated expression of Notch signaling pathway components. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 464:181-191. [PMID: 31758376 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03659-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Notch is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway with an important role in development and cell fate determination. Deregulation of Notch signaling has been associated with several pathological conditions, including cancer. Acting as an oncogene in some types of cancers and as a tumor suppressor in other, Notch effects seem to be highly context-dependent in solid tumors. In the present study, we aimed to investigate gene expression levels of Notch pathway constituents, including ligands, receptors, and target genes, during the early stages of inflammation-associated intestinal carcinogenesis. To achieve so, we used our recently developed mouse model, in which colon cancer arises in the absence of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) due to colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment. Among the cell surface components, ligands Jag1/Jag2 and receptors Notch1/Notch2 were found to be significantly upregulated in the uPA-deficient protumorigenic inflammatory microenvironment. Moreover, several intracellular Notch modulators, i.e. Hes1, Hey1, and Klf4, were also shown to be deregulated with inflammation, yet irrespective of uPA status. Sox9 transcription factor, however, was significantly downregulated in the uPA-deficient/DSS-treated mice that developed colon adenomas as compared to the wild-type/DSS-treated group with no neoplasia identified. The latter finding supports a tumor suppressive role of Sox9 in intestinal carcinogenesis. Our results point towards an early activation of Notch signaling pathway at the receptor-ligand level in inflammation-associated colon neoplasmatogenesis developed in the absence of uPA. Interestingly, such activation may not be accompanied by deregulation of downstream Notch-target genes, possibly due to the effects of other inter-related signaling pathways.
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15
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Kang TY, Bocci F, Jolly MK, Levine H, Onuchic JN, Levchenko A. Pericytes enable effective angiogenesis in the presence of proinflammatory signals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:23551-23561. [PMID: 31685607 PMCID: PMC6876202 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1913373116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis frequently occurs in the context of acute or persistent inflammation. The complex interplay of proinflammatory and proangiogenic cues is only partially understood. Using an experimental model, permitting exposure of developing blood vessel sprouts to multiple combinations of diverse biochemical stimuli and juxtacrine cell interactions, we present evidence that a proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), can have both proangiogenic and antiangiogenic effects, depending on the dose and the presence of pericytes. In particular, we find that pericytes can rescue and enhance angiogenesis in the presence of otherwise-inhibitory high TNF doses. This sharp switch from proangiogenic to antiangiogenic effect of TNF observed with an escalating dose of this cytokine, as well as the effect of pericytes, are explained by a mathematical model trained on the biochemical data. Furthermore, this model was predictive of the effects of diverse combinations of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cues, and variable pericyte coverage. The mechanism supports the effect of TNF and pericytes as modulating signaling networks impinging on Notch signaling and specification of the Tip and Stalk phenotypes. This integrative analysis elucidates the plasticity of the angiogenic morphogenesis in the presence of diverse and potentially conflicting cues, with immediate implications for many physiological and pathological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Yun Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Federico Bocci
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Herbert Levine
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115;
| | - José Nelson Onuchic
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005;
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
| | - Andre Levchenko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520;
- Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
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16
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Wu Q, Li B, Li Z, Li J, Sun S, Sun S. Cancer-associated adipocytes: key players in breast cancer progression. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:95. [PMID: 31500658 PMCID: PMC6734503 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes are one of the primary stromal cells in many tissues, and they are considered to play an active role in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) are not only found adjacent to cancer cells, but also communicate with cancer cells through releasing various factors that can mediate local and systemic effects. The adipocyte-cancer cell crosstalk leads to phenotypical and functional changes of both cell types, which can further enhance tumor progression. Indeed, obesity, which is associated with an increase in adipose mass and an alteration of adipose tissue, is becoming pandemic in some countries and it is now considered to be an independent risk factor for cancer progression. In this review, we focus on the potential mechanisms involved with special attention to the adipocyte-cancer cell circle in breast cancer. We envisage that besides having a direct impact on tumor cells, CAAs systemically preconditions the tumor microenvironment by favoring anti-tumor immunity. A better understanding of cancer-associated adipocytes and the key molecular events in the adipocyte-cancer cell crosstalk will provide insights into tumor biology and permit the optimization of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Ziyang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Temporal Splicing Switches in Elements of the TNF-Pathway Identified by Computational Analysis of Transcriptome Data for Human Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051182. [PMID: 30857150 PMCID: PMC6429354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing plays an important role in numerous cellular processes and aberrant splice decisions are associated with cancer. Although some studies point to a regulation of alternative splicing and its effector mechanisms in a time-dependent manner, the extent and consequences of such a regulation remains poorly understood. In the present work, we investigated the time-dependent production of isoforms in two Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines of different progression stages (HD-MY-Z, stage IIIb and L-1236, stage IV) compared to a B lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL-HO) with a focus on tumour necrosis factor (TNF) pathway-related elements. For this, we used newly generated time-course RNA-sequencing data from the mentioned cell lines and applied a computational pipeline to identify genes with isoform-switching behaviour in time. We analysed the temporal profiles of the identified events and evaluated in detail the potential functional implications of alterations in isoform expression for the selected top-switching genes. Our data indicate that elements within the TNF pathway undergo a time-dependent variation in isoform production with a putative impact on cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis. These include the genes TRAF1, TNFRSF12A and NFKB2. Our results point to a role of temporal alternative splicing in isoform production, which may alter the outcome of the TNF pathway and impact on tumorigenesis.
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18
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Toward understanding cancer stem cell heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:148-157. [PMID: 30587589 PMCID: PMC6320545 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1815345116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell (CSC) formation are two paramount processes driving tumor progression, therapy resistance, and cancer metastasis. Recent experiments show that cells with varying EMT and CSC phenotypes are spatially segregated in the primary tumor. The underlying mechanisms generating such spatiotemporal dynamics in the tumor microenvironment, however, remain largely unexplored. Here, we show through a mechanism-based dynamical model that the diffusion of EMT-inducing signals such as TGF-β, together with noncell autonomous control of EMT and CSC decision making via the Notch signaling pathway, can explain experimentally observed disparate localization of subsets of CSCs with varying EMT phenotypes in the tumor. Our simulations show that the more mesenchymal CSCs lie at the invasive edge, while the hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) CSCs reside in the tumor interior. Further, motivated by the role of Notch-Jagged signaling in mediating EMT and stemness, we investigated the microenvironmental factors that promote Notch-Jagged signaling. We show that many inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 that can promote Notch-Jagged signaling can (i) stabilize a hybrid E/M phenotype, (ii) increase the likelihood of spatial proximity of hybrid E/M cells, and (iii) expand the fraction of CSCs. To validate the predicted connection between Notch-Jagged signaling and stemness, we knocked down JAG1 in hybrid E/M SUM149 human breast cancer cells in vitro. JAG1 knockdown significantly restricted tumor organoid formation, confirming the key role that Notch-Jagged signaling can play in tumor progression. Together, our integrated computational-experimental framework reveals the underlying principles of spatiotemporal dynamics of EMT and CSCs.
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19
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Poulsen LLC, Edelmann RJ, Krüger S, Diéguez-Hurtado R, Shah A, Stav-Noraas TE, Renzi A, Szymanska M, Wang J, Ehling M, Benedito R, Kasprzycka M, Bækkevold E, Sundnes O, Midwood KS, Scott H, Collas P, Siebel CW, Adams RH, Haraldsen G, Sundlisæter E, Hol J. Inhibition of Endothelial NOTCH1 Signaling Attenuates Inflammation by Reducing Cytokine-Mediated Histone Acetylation at Inflammatory Enhancers. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:854-869. [PMID: 29449332 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endothelial upregulation of adhesion molecules serves to recruit leukocytes to inflammatory sites and appears to be promoted by NOTCH1; however, current models based on interactions between active NOTCH1 and NF-κB components cannot explain the transcriptional selectivity exerted by NOTCH1 in this context. APPROACH AND RESULTS Observing that Cre/Lox-induced conditional mutations of endothelial Notch modulated inflammation in murine contact hypersensitivity, we found that IL (interleukin)-1β stimulation induced rapid recruitment of RELA (v-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A) to genomic sites occupied by NOTCH1-RBPJ (recombination signal-binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region) and that NOTCH1 knockdown reduced histone H3K27 acetylation at a subset of NF-κB-directed inflammatory enhancers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that NOTCH1 signaling supports the expression of a subset of inflammatory genes at the enhancer level and demonstrate how key signaling pathways converge on chromatin to coordinate the transition to an infla mmatory endothelial phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars la Cour Poulsen
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Reidunn Jetne Edelmann
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Stig Krüger
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Rodrigo Diéguez-Hurtado
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Akshay Shah
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Tor Espen Stav-Noraas
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Anastasia Renzi
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Monika Szymanska
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Junbai Wang
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Manuel Ehling
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Rui Benedito
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Monika Kasprzycka
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Espen Bækkevold
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Olav Sundnes
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Kim S Midwood
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Helge Scott
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Philippe Collas
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Christian W Siebel
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Ralf H Adams
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Guttorm Haraldsen
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.).
| | - Eirik Sundlisæter
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
| | - Johanna Hol
- From the Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet (L.l.C.P., R.J.E., S.K., T.E.S.-N., A.R., M.S., J.W., M.K., E.B., O.S., H.S., G.H., E.S., J.H.), Department of Pathology, Institute for Clinical Medical Sciences (H.S., G.H.) and Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basal Medical Sciences (A.S., P.C.), University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, University of Münster, Germany (R.D.-H., M.E., R.B., R.H.A.); Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (K.S.M.); and Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, CA (C.W.S.)
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20
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Boareto M, Jolly MK, Goldman A, Pietilä M, Mani SA, Sengupta S, Ben-Jacob E, Levine H, Onuchic JN. Notch-Jagged signalling can give rise to clusters of cells exhibiting a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype. J R Soc Interface 2017; 13:rsif.2015.1106. [PMID: 27170649 PMCID: PMC4892257 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis can involve repeated cycles of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reverse mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. Cells can also undergo partial transitions to attain a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotype that allows the migration of adhering cells to form a cluster of circulating tumour cells. These clusters can be apoptosis-resistant and possess an increased metastatic propensity as compared to the cells that undergo a complete EMT (mesenchymal cells). Hence, identifying the key players that can regulate the formation and maintenance of such clusters may inform anti-metastasis strategies. Here, we devise a mechanism-based theoretical model that links cell–cell communication via Notch-Delta-Jagged signalling with the regulation of EMT. We demonstrate that while both Notch-Delta and Notch-Jagged signalling can induce EMT in a population of cells, only Jagged-dominated Notch signalling, but not Delta-dominated signalling, can lead to the formation of clusters containing hybrid E/M cells. Our results offer possible mechanistic insights into the role of Jagged in tumour progression, and offer a framework to investigate the effects of other microenvironmental signals during metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Boareto
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508, Brazil
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA
| | - Aaron Goldman
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mika Pietilä
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA Metastasis Research Center, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77025, USA
| | - Shiladitya Sengupta
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eshel Ben-Jacob
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA School of Physics and Astronomy and The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA
| | - Jose' N Onuchic
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA
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21
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Sjöqvist M, Andersson ER. Do as I say, Not(ch) as I do: Lateral control of cell fate. Dev Biol 2017; 447:58-70. [PMID: 28969930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Breaking symmetry in populations of uniform cells, to induce adoption of an alternative cell fate, is an essential developmental mechanism. Similarly, domain and boundary establishment are crucial steps to forming organs during development. Notch signaling is a pathway ideally suited to mediating precise patterning cues, as both receptors and ligands are membrane-bound and can thus act as a precise switch to toggle cell fates on or off. Fine-tuning of signaling by positive or negative feedback mechanisms dictate whether signaling results in lateral induction or lateral inhibition, respectively, allowing Notch to either induce entire regions of cell specification, or dictate binary fate choices. Furthermore, pathway activity is modulated by Fringe modification of receptors or ligands, co-expression of receptors with ligands, mode of ligand presentation, and cell surface area in contact. In this review, we describe how Notch signaling is fine-tuned to mediate lateral induction or lateral inhibition cues, and discuss examples from C.elegans, D. melanogaster and M. musculus. Identifying the cellular machinery dictating the choice between lateral induction and lateral inhibition highlights the versatility of the Notch signaling pathway in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Sjöqvist
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Emma R Andersson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
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22
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Sierra RA, Trillo-Tinoco J, Mohamed E, Yu L, Achyut BR, Arbab A, Bradford JW, Osborne BA, Miele L, Rodriguez PC. Anti-Jagged Immunotherapy Inhibits MDSCs and Overcomes Tumor-Induced Tolerance. Cancer Res 2017; 77:5628-5638. [PMID: 28904063 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a major obstacle to promising forms of cancer immunotherapy, but tools to broadly limit their immunoregulatory effects remain lacking. In this study, we assessed the therapeutic effect of the humanized anti-Jagged1/2-blocking antibody CTX014 on MDSC-mediated T-cell suppression in tumor-bearing mice. CTX014 decreased tumor growth, affected the accumulation and tolerogenic activity of MDSCs in tumors, and inhibited the expression of immunosuppressive factors arginase I and iNOS. Consequently, anti-Jagged therapy overcame tumor-induced T-cell tolerance, increased the infiltration of reactive CD8+ T cells into tumors, and enhanced the efficacy of T-cell-based immunotherapy. Depletion of MDSC-like cells restored tumor growth in mice treated with anti-Jagged, whereas coinjection of MDSC-like cells from anti-Jagged-treated mice with cancer cells delayed tumor growth. Jagged1/2 was induced in MDSCs by tumor-derived factors via NFkB-p65 signaling, and conditional deletion of NFkB-p65 blocked MDSC function. Collectively, our results offer a preclinical proof of concept for the use of anti-Jagged1/2 to reprogram MDSC-mediated T-cell suppression in tumors, with implications to broadly improve the efficacy of cancer therapy. Cancer Res; 77(20); 5628-38. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa A Sierra
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Eslam Mohamed
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Lolie Yu
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Ali Arbab
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | | | - Barbara A Osborne
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Lucio Miele
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Paulo C Rodriguez
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.
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23
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multi-factorial and highly prevalent joint disorder worldwide. Since the establishment of murine surgical knee OA models in 2005, many of the key molecules and signalling pathways responsible for OA development have been identified. Here we review the roles of two multi-functional signalling pathways in OA development: Notch and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells. Previous studies have identified various aspects of articular chondrocyte regulation by these pathways. However, comprehensive understanding of the molecular networks regulating articular cartilage homeostasis and OA pathogenesis is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Saito
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. .,Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Sakae Tanaka
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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24
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Sugiyama M, Oki E, Nakaji Y, Tsutsumi S, Ono N, Nakanishi R, Sugiyama M, Nakashima Y, Sonoda H, Ohgaki K, Yamashita N, Saeki H, Okano S, Kitao H, Morita M, Oda Y, Maehara Y. High expression of the Notch ligand Jagged-1 is associated with poor prognosis after surgery for colorectal cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 107:1705-1716. [PMID: 27589478 PMCID: PMC5132269 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of Notch signaling in colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis and progression has previously been presented. Increased expression of Jagged‐1 (JAG1), a Notch ligand, in CRC has been revealed, but the detailed prognostic significance of JAG1 in CRC has not been determined. Protein expression of JAG1 was examined using immunohistochemistry in 158 CRC specimens. Expression of JAG1 and E‐cadherin and their associations with clinicopathologic characteristics, overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) were evaluated. In vitro studies using compounds to regulate intracellular signaling and small interfering RNA to silence JAG1 were performed in a colon cancer cell line. JAG1 expression in cancerous tissues was weak, moderate or strong in 32%, 36% and 32% of specimens, respectively, and correlated with histologic type and T stage. In multivariate analysis, JAG1 expression, histologic type and lymphatic invasion independently correlated with OS and RFS. The combination of high JAG1 expression and low E‐cadherin expression had an additive effect toward poorer OS and RFS compared with the low JAG1/high E‐cadherin expression subtype. A significant correlation between JAG1 expression and KRAS status was detected in groups stratified as high E‐cadherin expression. In vitro studies suggested that RAS‐MEK‐MAP kinase and the Wnt pathways positively regulated JAG1 expression. Gene silencing with siJAG1 indicated that JAG1 promotes the transition from epithelial to mesenchymal characteristics and cell growth. High expression of JAG1 is regulated by various pathways and is associated with poor prognosis through promoting the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and cell proliferation or maintaining cell survival in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Sugiyama
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Oki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yu Nakaji
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathological Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tsutsumi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naomi Ono
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Nakanishi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sugiyama
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nakashima
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideto Sonoda
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kippei Ohgaki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinji Okano
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitao
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Morita
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathological Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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25
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Nus M, Martínez-Poveda B, MacGrogan D, Chevre R, D'Amato G, Sbroggio M, Rodríguez C, Martínez-González J, Andrés V, Hidalgo A, de la Pompa JL. Endothelial Jag1-RBPJ signalling promotes inflammatory leucocyte recruitment and atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 112:568-580. [PMID: 27496872 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the role of NOTCH during the arterial injury response and the subsequent chronic arterial-wall inflammation underlying atherosclerosis. Methods and results We have generated a mouse model of endothelial-specific (Cdh5-driven) depletion of the Notch effector recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region (RBPJ) [(ApoE-/-); homozygous RBPJk conditional mice (RBPJflox/flox); Cadherin 5-CreERT, tamoxifen inducible driver mice (Cdh5-CreERT)]. Endothelial-specific deletion of RBPJ or systemic deletion of Notch1 in athero-susceptible ApoE-/- mice fed a high-cholesterol diet for 6 weeks resulted in reduced atherosclerosis in the aortic arch and sinus. Intravital microscopy revealed decreased leucocyte rolling on the endothelium of ApoE-/-; RBPJflox/flox; Cdh5-CreERT mice, correlating with a lowered content of leucocytes and macrophages in the vascular wall. Transcriptome analysis revealed down-regulation of proinflammatory and endothelial activation pathways in atherosclerotic tissue of RBPJ-mutant mice. During normal Notch activation, Jagged1 signalling up-regulation in endothelial cells promotes nuclear translocation of the Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) and its physical interaction with nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). This N1ICD-NF-κB interaction is required for reciprocal transactivation of target genes, including vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Conclusions Notch signalling pathway inactivation decreases leucocyte rolling, thereby preventing endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation. Attenuation of Notch signalling might provide a treatment strategy for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Nus
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, West Forvie Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Donal MacGrogan
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Chevre
- Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, CNIC, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gaetano D'Amato
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mauro Sbroggio
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB Sant Pau. Sant Antoni María Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Martínez-González
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB Sant Pau. Sant Antoni María Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Molecular and Genetic Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, CNIC, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Imaging Cardiovascular Inflammation and the Immune Response Laboratory, CNIC, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstr. 9, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - José Luis de la Pompa
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development & Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Yoon CH, Choi YE, Cha YR, Koh SJ, Choi JI, Kim TW, Woo SJ, Park YB, Chae IH, Kim HS. Diabetes-Induced Jagged1 Overexpression in Endothelial Cells Causes Retinal Capillary Regression in a Murine Model of Diabetes Mellitus: Insights Into Diabetic Retinopathy. Circulation 2016; 134:233-47. [PMID: 27407072 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.014411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several mechanisms have been proposed to account for diabetes-induced microvasculopathy (DMV). Although Notch signaling was reported to be affected by glucose metabolism in endothelial cells during developmental angiogenesis, it has not been investigated in vascular remodeling of adult capillaries in relation to diabetes mellitus. METHODS We induced diabetes mellitus in 8-week-old adult mice by intravenously administering streptozotocin. After 6 weeks, we harvested organs, including retina, heart, and skeletal muscle, and evaluated the capillaries with immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. We modulated endothelial Notch signaling using chemical inhibitors in wild-type mice or transgenic mice, inducing conditional knockout of Jagged1 or Mib1. RESULTS DMV was characterized by capillary remodeling, regression, and decreased density. Notch ligand Jagged1, but not δ-like ligand 4, was markedly increased in endothelial cells of diabetic mice. Using endothelium-specific Jagged1 knockdown mice, we found that blocking Jagged1 prevented DMV even under diabetic conditions. Furthermore, in the inducible endothelium-specific Jagged1 knockdown mice, blocking Jagged1 even at 4 weeks after the establishment of DMV could reverse it, leading to normalization of retinal vasculature. A search for downstream signals revealed that diabetes mellitus decreased the nuclear localization of Notch1 intracellular domain and reduced the expression of VE-cadherin and N-cadherin in endothelial cells. Chemical Notch inhibition phenocopied DMV in normal mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that diabetes mellitus induces Jagged1 overexpression and suppresses Notch signaling in endothelial cells, leading to DMV in adult mice. We conclude that dysregulated intercellular Notch signaling may be a novel mechanism of DMV.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Capillaries/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetic Retinopathy/metabolism
- Diabetic Retinopathy/prevention & control
- Dibenzazepines/pharmacology
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Jagged-1 Protein/biosynthesis
- Jagged-1 Protein/deficiency
- Jagged-1 Protein/physiology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Receptor, TIE-2/genetics
- Receptors, Notch/physiology
- Retinal Vessels/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/deficiency
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hwan Yoon
- From the Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.Y., Y.R.C., I.-H.C.) and Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.W.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, South Korea (Y.-E.C., J.-i.C., H.-S.K.); Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, South Korea (S.-J.K., T.-W.K., H.-S.K.); and Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.)
| | - Young-Eun Choi
- From the Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.Y., Y.R.C., I.-H.C.) and Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.W.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, South Korea (Y.-E.C., J.-i.C., H.-S.K.); Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, South Korea (S.-J.K., T.-W.K., H.-S.K.); and Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.)
| | - Young Ryun Cha
- From the Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.Y., Y.R.C., I.-H.C.) and Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.W.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, South Korea (Y.-E.C., J.-i.C., H.-S.K.); Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, South Korea (S.-J.K., T.-W.K., H.-S.K.); and Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.)
| | - Seok-Jin Koh
- From the Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.Y., Y.R.C., I.-H.C.) and Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.W.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, South Korea (Y.-E.C., J.-i.C., H.-S.K.); Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, South Korea (S.-J.K., T.-W.K., H.-S.K.); and Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.)
| | - Jae-Il Choi
- From the Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.Y., Y.R.C., I.-H.C.) and Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.W.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, South Korea (Y.-E.C., J.-i.C., H.-S.K.); Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, South Korea (S.-J.K., T.-W.K., H.-S.K.); and Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.)
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- From the Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.Y., Y.R.C., I.-H.C.) and Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.W.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, South Korea (Y.-E.C., J.-i.C., H.-S.K.); Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, South Korea (S.-J.K., T.-W.K., H.-S.K.); and Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.)
| | - Se Joon Woo
- From the Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.Y., Y.R.C., I.-H.C.) and Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.W.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, South Korea (Y.-E.C., J.-i.C., H.-S.K.); Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, South Korea (S.-J.K., T.-W.K., H.-S.K.); and Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.)
| | - Young-Bae Park
- From the Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.Y., Y.R.C., I.-H.C.) and Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.W.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, South Korea (Y.-E.C., J.-i.C., H.-S.K.); Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, South Korea (S.-J.K., T.-W.K., H.-S.K.); and Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.)
| | - In-Ho Chae
- From the Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.Y., Y.R.C., I.-H.C.) and Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.W.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, South Korea (Y.-E.C., J.-i.C., H.-S.K.); Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, South Korea (S.-J.K., T.-W.K., H.-S.K.); and Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.).
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- From the Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine (C.-H.Y., Y.R.C., I.-H.C.) and Department of Ophthalmology (S.J.W.), Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, South Korea (Y.-E.C., J.-i.C., H.-S.K.); Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, South Korea (S.-J.K., T.-W.K., H.-S.K.); and Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-B.P., H.-S.K.).
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Hong H, He C, Zhu S, Zhang Y, Wang X, She F, Chen Y. CCR7 mediates the TNF-α-induced lymphatic metastasis of gallbladder cancer through the "ERK1/2 - AP-1" and "JNK - AP-1" pathways. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:51. [PMID: 27009073 PMCID: PMC4806413 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background CC-chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), which plays an important role in cell directional movement, is highly expressed in various cancers and positively related to lymph node metastasis. The inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α promotes tumour progression and lymph node metastasis in gallbladder cancer (GBC). However, the expression of CCR7 in GBC is unclear, and its role in the TNF-α-induced lymphatic metastasis of GBC requires further research. Methods The expression of CCR7 in clinical samples was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the relationship between CCR7 and clinicopathological factors or the TNF-α level of the bile was analyzed. After treatment with various concentrations of TNF-α, CCR7 expression in GBC cell lines was measured by Western blotting. The relative luciferase reporter assay, site-directed mutagenesis and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to analyze the promoter activity and transcriptional regulation of CCR7. MAPKs inhibitors were used to explore the upstream signalling molecules of AP-1. We established a NOZ cell line stably expressing lentiviral CCR7 shRNA that effectively silenced the expression of CCR7, and to determine the role of TNF-α - CCR7 axis in the migration of GBC cells to the lymphatic system by transwell assays and animal experiments. Results CCR7 was highly expressed in GBC samples. Higher expression of CCR7 was associated with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, we found that CCR7 expression in GBC tissue was positively correlated with the levels of TNF-α in the bile, and that TNF-α enhanced the promoter activity and protein expression of CCR7 through the “ERK1/2-AP-1” and “JNK-AP-1” pathways. Finally, we revealed that TNF-α could promote GBC cell migration to lymphatic endothelial cells or lymph nodes through upregulation of CCR7 in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Our study suggests that CCR7 is highly expressed in GBC, and mediates the TNF-α-induced lymphatic metastasis of GBC through the “TNF-α - ERK1/2 - AP-1 - CCR7” and “TNF-α - JNK - AP-1 - CCR7” pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiJie Hong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - CaiLong He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - SiYuan Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - YanHui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - XiaoQian Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - FeiFei She
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China. .,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - YanLing Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China. .,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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28
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Okada R, Hara T, Sato T, Kojima N, Nishina Y. The mechanism and control of Jagged1 expression in Sertoli cells. Regen Ther 2016; 3:75-81. [PMID: 31245476 PMCID: PMC6581826 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of Sertoli cells by some hormones and signaling factors is important for normal spermatogenesis. Notch signaling is considered to be necessary for normal spermatogenesis in mouse. In this study, we revealed two new facts about Sertoli cells by western blotting experiments on different types of primary cells and microdissected tubules. The first is that Sertoli cells express the Jagged1 ligand in mice testes. The second is that the expression level of Jagged1 oscillates in the seminiferous epithelial cycle. Therefore, we inferred that Jagged1 in Sertoli cells contributes to the Notch signaling involved in spermatogenesis. Furthermore, we examined the regulation of Jagged1 expression and found that Jagged1 expression was suppressed by cAMP signaling and was promoted by TNF-α signaling in Sertoli cells. When cAMP and TNF-α were simultaneously added to Sertoli cells, Jagged1 expression was suppressed. Therefore, cAMP signaling dominates Jagged1 expression over TNF-α signaling. These results suggest that cAMP signaling may cause the periodicity of Jagged1 expression in the seminiferous epithelial cycle, and controlling Jagged1 expression by adding TNF-α or cAMP may contribute to normal spermatogenesis in vitro. Jagged1 was expressed in Sertoli cells in mouse testes. The expression of Jagged1 oscillated in the seminiferous epithelial cycle. The expression of Jagged1 in Sertoli cells was upregulated by TNF-α and downregulated by cAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Okada
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - Taro Hara
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - Tomomi Sato
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Kojima
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - Yukio Nishina
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
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29
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Hong H, Jiang L, Lin Y, He C, Zhu G, Du Q, Wang X, She F, Chen Y. TNF-alpha promotes lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of gallbladder cancer through the ERK1/2/AP-1/VEGF-D pathway. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:240. [PMID: 26992854 PMCID: PMC4799527 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a key player in cancer-related inflammation, was recently demonstrated to be involved in the lymphatic metastasis of gallbladder cancer (GBC). Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a key lymphangiogenic factor that is associated with lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in GBC. However, whether VEGF-D is involved in TNF-α-induced lymphatic metastasis of GBC remains undetermined. Methods The expression of VEGF-D in patient specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry and the relationship between VEGF-D in the tissue and TNF-α in the bile of the matching patients was analyzed. The VEGF-D mRNA and protein levels after treatment with exogenous TNF-α in NOZ, GBC-SD and SGC-996 cell lines were measured by real-time PCR and ELISA. The promoter activity and transcriptional regulation of VEGF-D were analyzed with the relative luciferase reporter assay, mutant constructs, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, RNA interference and Western blotting. Inhibitors of JNK, p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 were used to explore the upstream signaling effector of AP-1. We used lentiviral vector expressing a VEGF-D shRNA construct to knockdown VEGF-D gene in NOZ and GBC-SD cells. The role of the TNF-α-VEGF-D axis in the tube formation of human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs) was determined using a three-dimensional coculture system. The role of the TNF-α - VEGF-D axis in lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis was studied via animal experiment. Results TNF-α levels in the bile of GBC patients were positively correlated with VEGF-D expression in the clinical specimens. TNF-α can upregulate the protein expression and promoter activity of VEGF-D through the ERK1/2 - AP-1 pathway. Moreover, TNF-α can promote tube formation of HDLECs, lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis of GBC by upregulation of VEGF-D in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Taken together, our data suggest that TNF-α can promote lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of GBC through the ERK1/2/AP-1/VEGF-D pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiJie Hong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - YanFei Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - CaiLong He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - GuangWei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Qiang Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - XiaoQian Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - FeiFei She
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China. .,Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - YanLing Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China. .,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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Decidual vascular endothelial cells promote maternal-fetal immune tolerance by inducing regulatory T cells through canonical Notch1 signaling. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 94:458-69. [PMID: 26714886 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2015.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Adaptation of the maternal immune response to accommodate the semiallogeneic fetus is necessary for pregnancy success. However, the mechanisms by which the fetus avoids rejection despite expression of paternal alloantigens remain incompletely understood. Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are pivotal for maintaining immune homeostasis, preventing autoimmune disease and fetus rejection. In this study, we found that maternal decidual vascular endothelial cells (DVECs) sustained Foxp3 expression in resting Treg cells in vitro. Moreover, under in vitro Treg cell induction condition with agonistic antibodies and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, DVECs promoted Treg cell differentiation from non-Treg conventional T cells. Consistent with the promotion of Treg cell maintenance and differentiation, Treg cell-associated gene expression such as TGF-β, Epstein-Barr-induced gene-3, CD39 and glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor was also increased in the presence of DVECs. Further study revealed that DVECs expressed Notch ligands such as Jagged-1, Delta-like protein 1 (DLL-1) and DLL-4, while Treg cells expressed Notch1 on their surface. The effects of DVECs on Treg cells was inhibited by siRNA-induced knockdown of expression of Jagged-1 and DLL-1 in DVECs. Downregulation of Notch1 in Treg cells using lentiviral shRNA transduction decreased Foxp3 expression in Treg cells. Adoptive transfer of Notch1-deficient Treg cells increased abortion rate in a murine semiallogeneic pregnancy model. Taken together, our study suggests that maternal DVECs are able to maintain decidual Treg cell identity and promote Treg cell differentiation through activation of Notch1 signal pathway in Treg cells and subsequently inhibit the immune response against semiallogeneic fetuses and preventing spontaneous abortion.
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Hammond TR, McEllin B, Morton PD, Raymond M, Dupree J, Gallo V. Endothelin-B Receptor Activation in Astrocytes Regulates the Rate of Oligodendrocyte Regeneration during Remyelination. Cell Rep 2015; 13:2090-7. [PMID: 26628380 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive astrogliosis is an essential and ubiquitous response to CNS injury, but in some cases, aberrant activation of astrocytes and their release of inhibitory signaling molecules can impair endogenous neural repair processes. Our lab previously identified a secreted intercellular signaling molecule, called endothelin-1 (ET-1), which is expressed at high levels by reactive astrocytes in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and limits repair by delaying oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) maturation. However, as ET receptors are widely expressed on neural cells, the cell- and receptor-specific mechanisms of OPC inhibition by ET-1 action remain undefined. Using pharmacological approaches and cell-specific endothelin receptor (EDNR) ablation, we show that ET-1 acts selectively through EDNRB on astrocytes--and not OPCs--to indirectly inhibit remyelination. These results demonstrate that targeting specific pathways in reactive astrocytes represents a promising therapeutic target in diseases with extensive reactive astrogliosis, including MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Hammond
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Brian McEllin
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Paul D Morton
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Matthew Raymond
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Jeff Dupree
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Vittorio Gallo
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
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Blocking TNF-α inhibits angiogenesis and growth of IFIT2-depleted metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2015; 370:207-15. [PMID: 26515391 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that the depletion of interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 2 (IFIT2) promoted metastasis and was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Our current study explores the major downstream signaling involved in IFIT2 depletion-induced OSCC metastasis. To this end, we used two cell lines (designated sh-control-xeno and sh-IFIT2-xeno) derived from human OSCC xenografts expressing sh-control and sh-IFIT2, respectively, and one metastatic OSCC subline (sh-IFIT2-meta) from an IFIT2-depleted metastatic tumor. We found that the sh-IFIT2-meta cells proliferated more slowly than the sh-control-xeno cells but exhibited higher migration and chemoresistance. Using microarray technology and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, we found that TNF-α was one of the major downstream targets in IFIT2-depleted OSCC cells. Quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and ELISA results confirmed that TNF-α was upregulated in the sh-IFIT2-meta cells. Blocking TNF-α abolished the angiogenic activity induced by the sh-IFIT2-meta cells. Furthermore, the human-specific TNF-α antibody golimumab significantly inhibited in vivo angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis of sh-IFIT2-meta cells. These results demonstrate that IFIT2 depletion results in TNF-α upregulation, leading to angiogenesis and metastasis of OSCC cells.
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33
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Jolly MK, Boareto M, Huang B, Jia D, Lu M, Ben-Jacob E, Onuchic JN, Levine H. Implications of the Hybrid Epithelial/Mesenchymal Phenotype in Metastasis. Front Oncol 2015; 5:155. [PMID: 26258068 PMCID: PMC4507461 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 480] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transitions between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes – the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reverse the mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) – are hallmarks of cancer metastasis. While transitioning between the epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes, cells can also attain a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) (i.e., partial or intermediate EMT) phenotype. Cells in this phenotype have mixed epithelial (e.g., adhesion) and mesenchymal (e.g., migration) properties, thereby allowing them to move collectively as clusters. If these clusters reach the bloodstream intact, they can give rise to clusters of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), as have often been seen experimentally. Here, we review the operating principles of the core regulatory network for EMT/MET that acts as a “three-way” switch giving rise to three distinct phenotypes – E, M and hybrid E/M – and present a theoretical framework that can elucidate the role of many other players in regulating epithelial plasticity. Furthermore, we highlight recent studies on partial EMT and its association with drug resistance and tumor-initiating potential; and discuss how cell–cell communication between cells in a partial EMT phenotype can enable the formation of clusters of CTCs. These clusters can be more apoptosis-resistant and have more tumor-initiating potential than singly moving CTCs with a wholly mesenchymal (complete EMT) phenotype. Also, more such clusters can be formed under inflammatory conditions that are often generated by various therapies. Finally, we discuss the multiple advantages that the partial EMT or hybrid E/M phenotype have as compared to a complete EMT phenotype and argue that these collectively migrating cells are the primary “bad actors” of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Marcelo Boareto
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Bin Huang
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; Department of Chemistry, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Dongya Jia
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; Graduate Program in Systems, Synthetic and Physical Biology, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Mingyang Lu
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Eshel Ben-Jacob
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; School of Physics and Astronomy, and The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel ; Department of Biosciences, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA
| | - José N Onuchic
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; Department of Chemistry, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; Department of Biosciences, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; Department of Bioengineering, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA ; Department of Biosciences, Rice University , Houston, TX , USA
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Jagged mediates differences in normal and tumor angiogenesis by affecting tip-stalk fate decision. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E3836-44. [PMID: 26153421 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1511814112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical during development, wound repair, and cancer progression. During angiogenesis, some endothelial cells adopt a tip phenotype to lead the formation of new branching vessels; the trailing stalk cells proliferate to develop the vessel. Notch and VEGF signaling mediate the selection of these tip endothelial cells. However, how Jagged, a Notch ligand that is overexpressed in cancer, affects angiogenesis remains elusive. Here, by developing a theoretical framework for Notch-Delta-Jagged-VEGF signaling, we found that higher production levels of Jagged destabilizes the tip and stalk cell fates and can give rise to a hybrid tip/stalk phenotype that leads to poorly perfused and chaotic angiogenesis, which is a hallmark of cancer. Consistently, the signaling interactions that restrict Notch-Jagged signaling, such as Fringe, cis-inhibition, and increased production of Delta, stabilize tip and stalk fates and limit the existence of hybrid tip/stalk phenotype. Our results underline how overexpression of Jagged can transform physiological angiogenesis into pathological one.
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Inflammation and oxidative stress, rather than hypoxia, are predominant factors promoting angiogenesis in the initial phases of atherosclerosis. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3315-3322. [PMID: 25997826 PMCID: PMC4526036 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Micro-angiogenesis in the arterial wall has been observed during the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to examine whether inflammation, oxidative stress and hypoxia are involved in the process of early atherosclerotic micro-angiogenesis. A total of 24 rabbits were randomly divided into a normal diet group or a high-cholesterol (HC) diet group and were fed the corresponding diets for 4 weeks. The microvessel density (MVD), level of hypoxia and the levels of inflammatory markers and antioxidants in the arterial wall were detected using immunohistochemical and molecular biological techniques, respectively. The present results demonstrated that the MVD in the HC group was significantly higher (P<0.01) than that observed in the rabbits, which were provided with a normal diet, while hypoxia-inducible factor-1α levels did not exhibit marked changes in either of the two groups (P>0.05). The levels of inflammatory markers and antioxidants were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). The present study demonstrated that the primary factors, which promote micro-angiogenesis are possibly associated with an increase in inflammation and a decrease in the levels of antioxidants, as tissue hypoxia in the arterial wall at this stage was not evident.
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Mu X, Tang Y, Lu A, Takayama K, Usas A, Wang B, Weiss K, Huard J. The role of Notch signaling in muscle progenitor cell depletion and the rapid onset of histopathology in muscular dystrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:2923-37. [PMID: 25678553 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it has been speculated that stem cell depletion plays a role in the rapid progression of the muscle histopathology associated with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for stem cell depletion remain poorly understood. The rapid depletion of muscle stem cells has not been observed in the dystrophin-deficient model of DMD (mdx mouse), which may explain the relatively mild dystrophic phenotype observed in this animal model. In contrast, we have observed a rapid occurrence of stem cell depletion in the dystrophin/utrophin double knockout (dKO) mouse model, which exhibits histopathological features that more closely recapitulate the phenotype observed in DMD patients compared with the mdx mouse. Notch signaling has been found to be a key regulator of stem cell self-renewal and myogenesis in normal skeletal muscle; however, little is known about the role that Notch plays in the development of the dystrophic histopathology associated with DMD. Our results revealed an over-activation of Notch in the skeletal muscles of dKO mice, which correlated with sustained inflammation, impaired muscle regeneration and the rapid depletion and senescence of the muscle progenitor cells (MPCs, i.e. Pax7+ cells). Consequently, the repression of Notch in the skeletal muscle of dKO mice delayed/reduced the depletion and senescence of MPCs, and restored the myogenesis capacity while reducing inflammation and fibrosis. We suggest that the down-regulation of Notch could represent a viable approach to reduce the dystrophic histopathologies associated with DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Mu
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Ying Tang
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Aiping Lu
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Koji Takayama
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Arvydas Usas
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Kurt Weiss
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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Inflammatory signaling regulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell emergence in vertebrates. Blood 2015; 125:1098-106. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-09-601542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
TLR4–MyD88–NF-κB is required for HSPC emergence in zebrafish and mouse embryos. Notch functions downstream of inflammatory signaling to regulate HSPC emergence.
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Espín-Palazón R, Stachura DL, Campbell CA, García-Moreno D, Del Cid N, Kim AD, Candel S, Meseguer J, Mulero V, Traver D. Proinflammatory signaling regulates hematopoietic stem cell emergence. Cell 2014; 159:1070-1085. [PMID: 25416946 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) underlie the production of blood and immune cells for the lifetime of an organism. In vertebrate embryos, HSCs arise from the unique transdifferentiation of hemogenic endothelium comprising the floor of the dorsal aorta during a brief developmental window. To date, this process has not been replicated in vitro from pluripotent precursors, partly because the full complement of required signaling inputs remains to be determined. Here, we show that TNFR2 via TNF? activates the Notch and NF-?B signaling pathways to establish HSC fate, indicating a requirement for inflammatory signaling in HSC generation. We determine that primitive neutrophils are the major source of TNF?, assigning a role for transient innate immune cells in establishing the HSC program. These results demonstrate that proinflammatory signaling, in the absence of infection, is utilized by the developing embryo to generate the lineal precursors of the adult hematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Espín-Palazón
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Natural Sciences Building 6107, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - David L Stachura
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Natural Sciences Building 6107, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Clyde A Campbell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Natural Sciences Building 6107, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Diana García-Moreno
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - Natasha Del Cid
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Natural Sciences Building 6107, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Albert D Kim
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Natural Sciences Building 6107, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sergio Candel
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - José Meseguer
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain.
| | - David Traver
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Natural Sciences Building 6107, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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39
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Yoon CH, Choi YE, Koh SJ, Choi JI, Park YB, Kim HS. High glucose-induced jagged 1 in endothelial cells disturbs notch signaling for angiogenesis: A novel mechanism of diabetic vasculopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 69:52-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Zhu G, Du Q, Wang X, Tang N, She F, Chen Y. TNF-α promotes gallbladder cancer cell growth and invasion through autocrine mechanisms. Int J Mol Med 2014; 33:1431-40. [PMID: 24676340 PMCID: PMC4055436 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) has been suggested to be a putative tumor promoter gene, and autocrine of TNF-α expression has been found in colon cancer and ovarian cancer. As the role of autocrine TNF-α in human gallbladder cancer has not yet been elucidated, the present study examined the expression of TNF-α in gallbladder cancer-derived cell lines. Based on the data, TNF-α mRNA and TNF-α protein expression differed significantly different between the cell lines. In addition, using siRNA targeting TNF-α, the vector, pGPU-GFP-siTNF-α, was constructed and then transfected into the SGC-996 cells (gallbladder cancer cell line) which express high levels of endogenous TNF-α. In vitro experiments indicated that the silencing of TNF-α in the SGC-996 cells significantly suppressed proliferation and invasion. However, apoptosis was not induced by the silencing of TNF-α. Furthermore, we traced the mechanisms underlying these effects and found that the silencing of TNF-α affected the TNF-α-AKT-NF-κB-Bcl-2 pathway in the SGC-996 cells. Our data provide evidence that autocrine TNF-α plays a role as a tumor promoter gene in gallbladder cancer cells, possibly by promoting proliferation and invasion through autocrine mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Nanhong Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Feifei She
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
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Alvira CM. Nuclear factor-kappa-B signaling in lung development and disease: one pathway, numerous functions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 100:202-16. [PMID: 24639404 PMCID: PMC4158903 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to other organs, the lung completes a significant portion of its development after term birth. During this stage of alveolarization, division of the alveolar ducts into alveolar sacs by secondary septation, and expansion of the pulmonary vasculature by means of angiogenesis markedly increase the gas exchange surface area of the lung. However, postnatal completion of growth renders the lung highly susceptible to environmental insults such as inflammation that disrupt this developmental program. This is particularly evident in the setting of preterm birth, where impairment of alveolarization causes bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a chronic lung disease associated with significant morbidity. The nuclear factor κ-B (NFκB) family of transcription factors are ubiquitously expressed, and function to regulate diverse cellular processes including proliferation, survival, and immunity. Extensive evidence suggests that activation of NFκB is important in the regulation of inflammation and in the control of angiogenesis. Therefore, NFκB-mediated downstream effects likely influence the lung response to injury and may also mediate normal alveolar development. This review summarizes the main biologic functions of NFκB, and highlights the regulatory mechanisms that allow for diversity and specificity in downstream gene activation. This is followed by a description of the pro and anti-inflammatory functions of NFκB in the lung, and of NFκB-mediated angiogenic effects. Finally, this review summarizes the clinical and experimental data that support a role for NFκB in mediating postnatal angiogenesis and alveolarization, and discusses the challenges that remain in developing therapies that can selectively block the detrimental functions of NFκB yet preserve the beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Alvira
- Division of Critical Care Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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42
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Welch-Reardon KM, Ehsan SM, Wang K, Wu N, Newman AC, Romero-Lopez M, Fong AH, George SC, Edwards RA, Hughes CCW. Angiogenic sprouting is regulated by endothelial cell expression of Slug. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:2017-28. [PMID: 24554431 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.143420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Snail family of zinc-finger transcription factors are evolutionarily conserved proteins that control processes requiring cell movement. Specifically, they regulate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions (EMT) where an epithelial cell severs intercellular junctions, degrades basement membrane and becomes a migratory, mesenchymal-like cell. Interestingly, Slug expression has been observed in angiogenic endothelial cells (EC) in vivo, suggesting that angiogenic sprouting may share common attributes with EMT. Here, we demonstrate that sprouting EC in vitro express both Slug and Snail, and that siRNA-mediated knockdown of either inhibits sprouting and migration in multiple in vitro angiogenesis assays. We find that expression of MT1-MMP, but not of VE-Cadherin, is regulated by Slug and that loss of sprouting as a consequence of reduced Slug expression can be reversed by lentiviral-mediated re-expression of MT1-MMP. Activity of MMP2 and MMP9 are also affected by Slug expression, likely through MT1-MMP. Importantly, we find enhanced expression of Slug in EC in human colorectal cancer samples compared with normal colon tissue, suggesting a role for Slug in pathological angiogenesis. In summary, these data implicate Slug as an important regulator of sprouting angiogenesis, particularly in pathological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina M Welch-Reardon
- The Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Newman G, Gonzalez-Perez RR. Leptin-cytokine crosstalk in breast cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 382:570-582. [PMID: 23562747 PMCID: PMC3844060 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite accumulating evidence suggesting a positive correlation between leptin levels, obesity, post-menopause and breast cancer incidence, our current knowledge on the mechanisms involved in these relationships is still incomplete. Since the cloning of leptin in 1994 and its receptor (OB-R) 1 year later by Friedman's laboratory (Zhang et al., 1994) and Tartaglia et al. (Tartaglia et al., 1995), respectively, more than 22,000 papers related to leptin functions in several biological systems have been published (Pubmed, 2012). The ob gene product, leptin, is an important circulating signal for the regulation of body weight. Additionally, leptin plays critical roles in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, reproduction, growth and the immune response. Supporting evidence for leptin roles in cancer has been shown in more than 1000 published papers, with almost 300 papers related to breast cancer (Pubmed, 2012). Specific leptin-induced signaling pathways are involved in the increased levels of inflammatory, mitogenic and pro-angiogenic factors in breast cancer. In obesity, a mild inflammatory condition, deregulated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and leptin from adipose tissue, inflammatory and cancer cells could contribute to the onset and progression of cancer. We used an in silico software program, Pathway Studio 9, and found 4587 references citing these various interactions. Functional crosstalk between leptin, IL-1 and Notch signaling (NILCO) found in breast cancer cells could represent the integration of developmental, proinflammatory and pro-angiogenic signals critical for leptin-induced breast cancer cell proliferation/migration, tumor angiogenesis and breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Remarkably, the inhibition of leptin signaling via leptin peptide receptor antagonists (LPrAs) significantly reduced the establishment and growth of syngeneic, xenograft and carcinogen-induced breast cancer and, simultaneously decreased the levels of VEGF/VEGFR2, IL-1 and Notch. Inhibition of leptin-cytokine crosstalk might serve as a preventative or adjuvant measure to target breast cancer, particularly in obese women. This review is intended to present an update analysis of leptin actions in breast cancer, highlighting its crosstalk to inflammatory cytokines and growth factors essential for tumor development, angiogenesis and potential role in BCSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gale Newman
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States.
| | - Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, United States.
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Zhou W, Wang G, Guo S. Regulation of angiogenesis via Notch signaling in breast cancer and cancer stem cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2013; 1836:304-20. [PMID: 24183943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer angiogenesis is elicited and regulated by a number of factors including the Notch signaling. Notch receptors and ligands are expressed in breast cancer cells as well as in the stromal compartment and have been implicated in carcinogenesis. Signals exchanged between neighboring cells through the Notch pathway can amplify and consolidate molecular differences, which eventually dictate cell fates. Notch signaling and its crosstalk with many signaling pathways play an important role in breast cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis, as well as cancer stem cell (CSC) self-renewal. Therefore, significant attention has been paid in recent years toward the development of clinically useful antagonists of Notch signaling. Better understanding of the structure, function and regulation of Notch intracellular signaling pathways, as well as its complex crosstalk with other oncogenic signals in breast cancer cells will be essential to ensure rational design and application of new combinatory therapeutic strategies. Novel opportunities have emerged from the discovery of Notch crosstalk with inflammatory and angiogenic cytokines and their links to CSCs. Combinatory treatments with drugs designed to prevent Notch oncogenic signal crosstalk may be advantageous over λ secretase inhibitors (GSIs) alone. In this review, we focus on the more recent advancements in our knowledge of aberrant Notch signaling contributing to breast cancer angiogenesis, as well as its crosstalk with other factors contributing to angiogenesis and CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Medical College, No. 146 North Huanghe St, Huanggu Dis, Shenyang City, Liaoning Pro 110034, PR China.
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IAPs on the move: role of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins in cell migration. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e784. [PMID: 24008728 PMCID: PMC3789170 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) are a class of highly conserved proteins predominantly known for the regulation of caspases and immune signaling. However, recent evidence suggests a crucial role for these molecules in the regulation of tumor cell shape and migration by controlling MAPK, NF-κB and Rho GTPases. IAPs directly control Rho GTPases, thus regulating cell shape and migration. For instance, XIAP and cIAP1 function as the direct E3 ubiquitin ligases of Rac1 and target it for proteasomal degradation. IAPs are differentially expressed in tumor cells and have been targeted by several cancer therapeutic drugs that are currently in clinical trials. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of IAPs in the regulation of cell migration and discuss the possible implications of these observations in regulating tumor cell metastases.
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Nakajima Y, Nakamura Y, Shigeeda W, Tomoyasu M, Deguchi H, Tanita T, Yamauchi K. The role of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ in regulating angiomotin-like protein 1 expression in lung microvascular endothelial cells. Allergol Int 2013; 62:309-22. [PMID: 23793505 DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.12-oa-0528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis in the alveolar septa is thought be a critical factor in pulmonary emphysema. Angiomotin-like protein 1 (AmotL1) is involved in angiogenesis via regulating endothelial cell function. However, the role of AmotL1 in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema has not been elucidated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the expression of AmotL1 in lung tissues from a murine model with emphysema, as well as from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, we analyzed the regulation of AmotL1 expression by TNF-α and IFN-γ in endothelial cells in vitro. METHODS Nrf2 knockout mice were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) for 4 weeks, and the down-regulated genes affecting vascularity in the whole lung were identified by microarray analysis. This analysis revealed that the mRNA expression of AmotL1 decreased in response to CS when compared with air exposure. To confirm the protein levels that were indicated in the microarray data, we determined the expression of AmotL1 in lung tissues obtained from patients with COPD and also determined the expression of AmotL1, NFκB and IκBα in cultured normal human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) that were stimulated by TNF-α and IFN-γ. RESULTS We found that the number of AmotL1-positive vessels decreased in the emphysema lungs compared with the normal and bronchial asthmatic lungs. IFN-γ pretreatment diminished the TNF-α-induced AmotL1 in the cultured HLMVECs by blocking the degradation of IκBα. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that IFN-γ exhibits anti-angiogenesis effects by regulating the expression of TNF-α-induced AmotL1 via NFκB in emphysema lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Nakajima
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Iwate 020-8505, Japan
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Wang H, Tian Y, Wang J, Phillips KLE, Binch ALA, Dunn S, Cross A, Chiverton N, Zheng Z, Shapiro IM, Le Maitre CL, Risbud MV. Inflammatory cytokines induce NOTCH signaling in nucleus pulposus cells: implications in intervertebral disc degeneration. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:16761-16774. [PMID: 23589286 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.446633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate how inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, and TNF-α control NOTCH signaling activity in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. An increase in expression of selective NOTCH receptors (NOTCH1 and -2), ligand (JAGGED2), and target genes (HES1, HEY1, and HEY2) was observed in NP cells following cytokine treatment. A concomitant increase in NOTCH signaling as evidenced by induction in activity of target gene HES1 and HEY1 promoters and reporter 12xCSL was seen. Moreover, treatment increased activity of a 2-kb NOTCH2 promoter. Treatment of cells with NF-κB and MAPK inhibitors abolished the inductive effect of cytokines on NOTCH2 promoter and its expression. Gain and loss-of-function studies confirmed the inductive effect of p65 on NOTCH2 promoter activity. In contrast, p50 blocked the cytokine induction of promoter activity. Supporting promoter studies, lentiviral delivery of sh-p65, and sh-IKKβ significantly decreased cytokine dependent change in NOTCH2 expression. Interestingly, MAPK signaling showed an isoform-specific control of NOTCH2 promoter; p38α/β2/δ, ERK1, and ERK2 contributed to cytokine dependent induction, whereas p38γ played no role. Analysis of human NP tissues showed that NOTCH1 and -2 and HEY2 expression correlated with each other. Moreover, expression of NOTCH2 and IL-1β as well as the number of cells immunopositive for NOTCH2 significantly increased in histologically degenerate discs compared with non-degenerate discs. Taken together, these results explain the observed dysregulated expression of NOTCH genes in degenerative disc disease. Thus, controlling IL-1β and TNF-α activities during disc disease may restore NOTCH signaling and nucleus pulposus cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107; Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianru Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Kate L E Phillips
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Abbie L A Binch
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Dunn
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Cross
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Chiverton
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals National Health Services Foundation Trust, Sheffield S5 7AU, United Kingdom
| | - Zhaomin Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Irving M Shapiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Christine L Le Maitre
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
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48
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Impact of notch signaling on inflammatory responses in cardiovascular disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:6863-88. [PMID: 23531541 PMCID: PMC3645668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14046863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is a major pathway in cell fate decisions. Since the first reports showing the major role of Notch in embryonic development, a considerable and still growing literature further highlights its key contributions in various pathological processes during adult life. In particular, Notch is now considered as a major player in vascular homeostasis through the control of key cellular functions. In parallel, confounding evidence emerged that inflammatory responses regulate Notch signaling in vitro in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells or vascular infiltrating cells and in vivo in vascular and inflammatory disorders and in cardiovascular diseases. This review presents how inflammation influences Notch in vascular cells and, reciprocally, emphasizes the functional role of Notch on inflammatory processes, notably by regulating key cell functions (differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis/survival, activation). Understanding how the disparity of Notch receptors and ligands impacts on vasculature biology remains critical for the design of relevant and adequate therapeutic strategies targeting Notch in this major pathological context.
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49
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Cheng F, Pekkonen P, Ojala PM. Instigation of Notch signaling in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and other human tumor viruses. Future Microbiol 2013; 7:1191-205. [PMID: 23030424 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.12.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch pathway is a highly conserved signaling circuit with a critical role in cell-fate determination and tumor initiation. Notch is reported to regulate various key events in tumor progression, such as angiogenesis, maintenance of cancer stem cells, resistance to therapeutic agents and metastasis. This review describes the intimate interplay of human tumor viruses with the Notch signaling pathway. Special attention is paid to Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, the etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma and rare lymphoproliferative disorders. The past decade of active research has led to significant advances in understanding how Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus exploits the Notch pathway to regulate its replication phase and to modulate the host cellular microenvironment to make it more favorable for viral persistence and spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology & Research Programs Unit, Genome-Scale Biology, University of Helsinki, PO Box 56 (Viikinkaari 9), 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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50
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Yamamoto M, Taguchi Y, Ito-Kureha T, Semba K, Yamaguchi N, Inoue JI. NF-κB non-cell-autonomously regulates cancer stem cell populations in the basal-like breast cancer subtype. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2299. [PMID: 23934482 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with triple-negative breast cancer display the highest rates of early relapse of all patients with breast cancer. The basal-like subtype, a subgroup of triple-negative breast cancer, exhibits high levels of constitutively active NF-κB signalling. Here we show that NF-κB activation, induced by inflammatory cytokines or by epigenetically dysregulated NIK expression, cell-autonomously upregulates JAG1 expression in non-cancer stem cells. This upregulation stimulates NOTCH signalling in cancer stem cells in trans, leading to an expansion of cancer stem cell populations. Among breast cancers, the NF-κB-dependent induction of JAG1 and the NOTCH-dependent expansion of the cancer stem cell population occur only in the basal-like subtype. Collectively, our results indicate that NF-κB has a non-cell-autonomous role in regulating cancer stem cell populations by forming intratumoural microenvironments composed of JAG1-expressing non-cancer stem cells with a basal-like subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Yamamoto
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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