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Shimbo D, Cohen MT, McGoldrick M, Ensari I, Diaz KM, Fu J, Duran AT, Zhao S, Suls JM, Burg MM, Chaplin WF. Translational Research of the Acute Effects of Negative Emotions on Vascular Endothelial Health: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032698. [PMID: 38690710 PMCID: PMC11179860 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Provoked anger is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease events. The underlying mechanism linking provoked anger as well as other core negative emotions including anxiety and sadness to cardiovascular disease remain unknown. The study objective was to examine the acute effects of provoked anger, and secondarily, anxiety and sadness on endothelial cell health. METHODS AND RESULTS Apparently healthy adult participants (n=280) were randomized to an 8-minute anger recall task, a depressed mood recall task, an anxiety recall task, or an emotionally neutral condition. Pre-/post-assessments of endothelial health including endothelium-dependent vasodilation (reactive hyperemia index), circulating endothelial cell-derived microparticles (CD62E+, CD31+/CD42-, and CD31+/Annexin V+) and circulating bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (CD34+/CD133+/kinase insert domain receptor+ endothelial progenitor cells and CD34+/kinase insert domain receptor+ endothelial progenitor cells) were measured. There was a group×time interaction for the anger versus neutral condition on the change in reactive hyperemia index score from baseline to 40 minutes (P=0.007) with a mean±SD change in reactive hyperemia index score of 0.20±0.67 and 0.50±0.60 in the anger and neutral conditions, respectively. For the change in reactive hyperemia index score, the anxiety versus neutral condition group by time interaction approached but did not reach statistical significance (P=0.054), and the sadness versus neutral condition group by time interaction was not statistically significant (P=0.160). There were no consistent statistically significant group×time interactions for the anger, anxiety, and sadness versus neutral condition on endothelial cell-derived microparticles and endothelial progenitor cells from baseline to 40 minutes. CONCLUSIONS In this randomized controlled experimental study, a brief provocation of anger adversely affected endothelial cell health by impairing endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Shimbo
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | | | | | - Ipek Ensari
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Keith M Diaz
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Jie Fu
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Andrea T Duran
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Jerry M Suls
- Institute for Health System Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research/Northwell Health New York NY USA
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2
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Hamali HA. Hypercoagulability in Sickle Cell Disease: A Thrombo-Inflammatory Mechanism. Hemoglobin 2023; 47:205-214. [PMID: 38189099 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2023.2301026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited disorders characterized by the presence of abnormal hemoglobin S. Patients with SCD suffer from frequent episodes of anemia, chronic hemolysis, pain crisis, and vaso-occlusion. Additionally, SCD is associated with diverse and serious clinical complications, including thrombosis, which can lead to organ failure, increased morbidity, and eventually, mortality. SCD is known to be a hypercoagulable condition, and the cause of hypercoagulability is multifactorial, with the molecular basis of hemoglobin S being the main driver. The presence of hemoglobin S induces sickling of the RBCs and their subsequent hemolysis, as well as oxidative stress. Both of these processes can alter the hemostatic system, through the activation of platelets, coagulation system, and fibrinolysis, as well as depletion of coagulation inhibitors. These changes can also induce the formation of microvesicles and expression of tissue factor, leading to activation of WBCs, endothelial cell damage, and inflammatory response. Understanding the various factors that drive hypercoagulability as a thrombo-inflammatory mechanism in SCD can help provide explanations for the pathogenesis and other complications of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A Hamali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Gizan, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Vilella-Figuerola A, Cordero A, Mirabet S, Muñoz-García N, Suades R, Padró T, Badimon L. Platelet-Released Extracellular Vesicle Characteristics Differ in Chronic and in Acute Heart Disease. Thromb Haemost 2023; 123:892-903. [PMID: 37075787 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-57017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs), shed in response to cell activation, stress, or injury, are increased in the blood of patients with cardiovascular disease. EVs are characterized by expressing parental-cell antigens, allowing the determination of their cellular origin. Platelet-derived EVs (pEVs) are the most abundant in blood. Although not universally given, EVs generally express phosphatidylserine (PS) in their membrane. OBJECTIVES To investigate pEVs in chronic and acute conditions, such as chronic heart failure (CHF) and first-onset acute coronary syndrome (ACS), in patients treated as per guidelines. METHODS EVs in CHF patients (n = 119), ACS patients (n = 58), their respective controls (non-CHF [n = 21] and non-ACS [n = 24], respectively), and a reference control group (n = 31) were characterized and quantified by flow cytometry, using monoclonal antibodies against platelet antigens, and annexin V (AV) to determine PS exposure. RESULTS CHF patients had higher EVs-PS- numbers, while ACS had predominantly EVs-PS+. In contrast to ACS, CHF patients had significantly reduced numbers of pEVs carrying PECAM and αIIb-integrin epitopes (CD31+/AV+, CD41a+/AV+, and CD31+/CD41a+/AV+), while no differences were observed in P-selectin-rich pEVs (CD62P+/AV+) compared with controls. Additionally, background etiology of CHF (ischemic vs. nonischemic) or ACS type (ST-elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI] vs. non-STEMI [NSTEMI]) did not affect pEV levels. CONCLUSION PS exposure in EV and pEV-release differ between CHF and ACS patients, with tentatively different functional capacities beyond coagulation to inflammation and cross-talk with other cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Vilella-Figuerola
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Alberto Cordero
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, Alicante, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación en Cardiología, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), València, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sònia Mirabet
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Heart Failure Group, Cardiology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natàlia Muñoz-García
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Suades
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- UAB-Chair Cardiovascular Research, Barcelona, Spain
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Stampouloglou PK, Siasos G, Bletsa E, Oikonomou E, Vogiatzi G, Kalogeras K, Katsianos E, Vavuranakis MA, Souvaliotis N, Vavuranakis M. The Role of Cell Derived Microparticles in Cardiovascular Diseases: Current Concepts. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1745-1757. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220429081555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease remains the main cause of human morbidity and mortality in the developed countries. Microparticles (MPs) are small vesicles originating from the cell membrane as a result of various stimuli and particularly of biological processes that constitute the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, such as endothelial damage. They form vesicles that can transfer various molecules and signals to remote target cells without direct cell to cell interaction. Circulating microparticles have been associated with cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, many studies have been designed to further investigate the role of microparticles as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and disease monitoring. To this concept the pro-thrombotic and atherogenic potential of platelets and endothelial derived MPs has gain research interest especially concerning accelerate atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndrome triggering and prognosis. MPs especially of endothelial origin have been investigated in different clinical scenarios of heart failure and in association of left ventricular loading conditions. Finally, most cardiovascular risk factors present unique patterns of circulating MPs population, highlighting their pathophysiologic link to cardiovascular disease progression. In this review article we present a synopsis of the biogenesis and characteristics of microparticles, as well as the most recent data concerning their implication in the cardiovascular settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota K. Stampouloglou
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens. Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens. Greece
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Evanthia Bletsa
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens. Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens. Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens. Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kalogeras
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens. Greece
| | - Efstratios Katsianos
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens. Greece
| | - Michael-Andrew Vavuranakis
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens. Greece
| | - Nektarios Souvaliotis
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens. Greece
| | - Manolis Vavuranakis
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens. Greece
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Marei I, Chidiac O, Thomas B, Pasquier J, Dargham S, Robay A, Vakayil M, Jameesh M, Triggle C, Rafii A, Jayyousi A, Al Suwaidi J, Abi Khalil C. Angiogenic content of microparticles in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease predicts networks of endothelial dysfunction. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:17. [PMID: 35109843 PMCID: PMC8812242 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated endothelial microparticles (EMPs) levels are surrogate markers of vascular dysfunction. We analyzed EMPs with apoptotic characteristics and assessed the angiogenic contents of microparticles in the blood of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) according to the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS A total of 80 participants were recruited and equally classified as (1) healthy without T2D, (2) T2D without cardiovascular complications, (3) T2D and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD), and (4) T2D and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). MPs were isolated from the peripheral circulation, and EMPs were characterized using flow cytometry of CD42 and CD31. CD62E was used to determine EMPs' apoptotic/activation state. MPs content was extracted and profiled using an angiogenesis array. RESULTS Levels of CD42- CD31 + EMPs were significantly increased in T2D with ACS (257.5 ± 35.58) when compared to healthy subjects (105.7 ± 12.96, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference when comparing T2D with and without chronic CAD. The ratio of CD42-CD62 +/CD42-CD31 + EMPs was reduced in all T2D patients, with further reduction in ACS when compared to chronic CAD, reflecting a release by apoptotic endothelial cells. The angiogenic content of the full population of MPs was analyzed. It revealed a significant differential expression of 5 factors in patients with ACS and diabetes, including TGF-β1, PD-ECGF, platelet factor 4, serpin E1, and thrombospondin 1. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that those five differentially expressed molecules, mainly TGF-β1, inhibit key pathways involved in normal endothelial function. Further comparison of the three diabetes groups to healthy controls and diabetes without cardiovascular disease to diabetes with CAD identified networks that inhibit normal endothelial cell function. Interestingly, DDP-IV was the only differentially expressed protein between chronic CAD and ACS in patients with diabetes. CONCLUSION Our data showed that the release of apoptosis-induced EMPs is increased in diabetes, irrespective of CAD, ACS patients having the highest levels. The protein contents of MPs interact in networks that indicate vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isra Marei
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Omar Chidiac
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Binitha Thomas
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jennifer Pasquier
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Soha Dargham
- Biostatistics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amal Robay
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muneera Vakayil
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Arash Rafii
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amin Jayyousi
- Department of Endocrinology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Charbel Abi Khalil
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
- Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.
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Yang J, Zou X, Jose PA, Zeng C. Extracellular vesicles: Potential impact on cardiovascular diseases. Adv Clin Chem 2021; 105:49-100. [PMID: 34809830 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have received considerable attention in biological and clinical research due to their ability to mediate cell-to-cell communication. Based on their size and secretory origin, EVs are categorized as exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. Increasing number of studies highlight the contribution of EVs in the regulation of a wide range of normal cellular physiological processes, including waste scavenging, cellular stress reduction, intercellular communication, immune regulation, and cellular homeostasis modulation. Altered circulating EV level, expression pattern, or content in plasma of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in diverse cardiovascular pathologies. Due to their inherent characteristics and physiological functions, EVs, in turn, have become potential candidates as therapeutic agents. In this review, we discuss the evolving understanding of the role of EVs in CVD, summarize the current knowledge of EV-mediated regulatory mechanisms, and highlight potential strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of CVD. We also attempt to look into the future that may advance our understanding of the role of EVs in the pathogenesis of CVD and provide novel insights into the field of translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Xue Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology and Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Renal Disease & Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology and Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Heart Center of Fujian Province, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, PR China.
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Cleveland S, Reed K, Thomas JL, Ajijola OA, Ebrahimi R, Hsiai T, Lazarov A, Montoya AK, Neria Y, Shimbo D, Wolitzky-Taylor K, Sumner JA. Key dimensions of post-traumatic stress disorder and endothelial dysfunction: a protocol for a mechanism-focused cohort study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043060. [PMID: 33952541 PMCID: PMC8103395 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Both trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in the USA. Endothelial dysfunction, a modifiable, early marker of CVD risk, may represent a physiological mechanism underlying this association. This mechanism-focused cohort study aims to investigate the relationship between PTSD (both in terms of diagnosis and underlying symptom dimensions) and endothelial dysfunction in a diverse, community-based sample of adult men and women. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Using a cohort design, 160 trauma-exposed participants without a history of CVD are designated to the PTSD group (n=80) or trauma-exposed matched control group (n=80) after a baseline diagnostic interview assessment. Participants in the PTSD group have a current (past month) diagnosis of PTSD, whereas those in the control group have a history of trauma but no current or past psychiatric diagnoses. Endothelial dysfunction is assessed via flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery and circulating levels of endothelial cell-derived microparticles. Two higher order symptom dimensions of PTSD-fear and dysphoria-are measured objectively with a fear conditioning paradigm and attention allocation task, respectively. Autonomic imbalance, inflammation, and oxidative stress are additionally assessed and will be examined as potential pathway variables linking PTSD and its dimensions with endothelial dysfunction. Participants are invited to return for a 2-year follow-up visit to reassess PTSD and its dimensions and endothelial dysfunction in order to investigate longitudinal associations. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is conducted in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration and University of California, Los Angeles Institutional Review Board. The results of this study will be disseminated via articles in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at academic conferences and to community partners. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03778307; pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiloh Cleveland
- Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kristina Reed
- Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jordan L Thomas
- Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Olujimi A Ajijola
- Neurocardiology Research Center of Excellence, Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ramin Ebrahimi
- Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Medicine, Cardiology Section, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angleles, California, USA
| | - Tzung Hsiai
- Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Amit Lazarov
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amanda K Montoya
- Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yuval Neria
- Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daichi Shimbo
- Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kate Wolitzky-Taylor
- Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jennifer A Sumner
- Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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8
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Attenuating senescence and dead cells accumulation as heart failure therapy: Break the communication networks. Int J Cardiol 2021; 334:72-85. [PMID: 33794236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Bona M, Wyss RK, Arnold M, Méndez-Carmona N, Sanz MN, Günsch D, Barile L, Carrel TP, Longnus SL. Cardiac Graft Assessment in the Era of Machine Perfusion: Current and Future Biomarkers. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e018966. [PMID: 33522248 PMCID: PMC7955334 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Heart transplantation remains the treatment of reference for patients experiencing end‐stage heart failure; unfortunately, graft availability through conventional donation after brain death is insufficient to meet the demand. Use of extended‐criteria donors or donation after circulatory death has emerged to increase organ availability; however, clinical protocols require optimization to limit or prevent damage in hearts possessing greater susceptibility to injury than conventional grafts. The emergence of cardiac ex situ machine perfusion not only facilitates the use of extended‐criteria donor and donation after circulatory death hearts through the avoidance of potentially damaging ischemia during graft storage and transport, it also opens the door to multiple opportunities for more sensitive monitoring of graft quality. With this review, we aim to bring together the current knowledge of biomarkers that hold particular promise for cardiac graft evaluation to improve precision and reliability in the identification of hearts for transplantation, thereby facilitating the safe increase in graft availability. Information about the utility of potential biomarkers was categorized into 5 themes: (1) functional, (2) metabolic, (3) hormone/prohormone, (4) cellular damage/death, and (5) inflammatory markers. Several promising biomarkers are identified, and recommendations for potential improvements to current clinical protocols are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Bona
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Rahel K Wyss
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Maria Arnold
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Natalia Méndez-Carmona
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Maria N Sanz
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Dominik Günsch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine/Institute for Diagnostic, Interventional and Paediatric Radiology Bern University HospitalInselspitalUniversity of Bern Switzerland
| | - Lucio Barile
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Theranostics Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Università Svizzera Italiana Lugano Switzerland
| | - Thierry P Carrel
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
| | - Sarah L Longnus
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalBern University Hospital Bern Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research University of Bern Switzerland
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10
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Duran AT, Garber CE, Ensari I, Shimbo D, Diaz KM. Associations Between Habitual Sedentary Behavior and Endothelial Cell Health. TRANSLATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2020; 5. [PMID: 33937524 DOI: 10.1249/tjx.0000000000000138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a mechanism that may explain the link between prolonged sedentary time and cardiovascular disease. However, the relation between habitual sedentary behavior (SED) and endothelial function has yet to be explored. Purpose- The purpose of this study was to examine the association of accelerometer-measured SED with markers of endothelial cell health. Methods- Healthy adult participants (n=83; 43.4% male; 25.5 ± 5.8 years old) were examined. SED was measured for 7-days by accelerometer. Endothelial function measures included endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV); endothelial microparticles (EMPs) [CD62E+ and CD31+/CD42- EMPs]; and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) [CD34+/CD133+/KDR+ and CD34+/KDR+EPCs]. Participants were classified as having low or high SED based on a median split. Results- Participants in the low and high SED group spent a mean ± SD of 8.6 ± 1.1 and 11.1 ± 1.0 h/day in SED, respectively. No significant differences between the low and high SED groups were detected in mean [95% confidence interval (CI)] EDV (2.51 [2.21-2.81] vs. 2.36 [2.07-2.64], p=0.50), EMPs (CD62E+: 6.70 [6.55-6.84] vs. 6.56 [6.42-6.69], p=0.20; CD31+/CD42‒: 6.26 [6.10-6.42] vs. 6.18 [6.03-6.33], p=0.50), or EPCs (CD34+/KDR+: 11.91 [9.23-14.48]×10-2 vs. 14.87 [12.41-17.32]×10-2, p=0.13); CD34+/CD133+/KDR+: 1.84 [1.28-2.39]×10-2 vs. 2.17 [1.64-2.70]×10-2, p=0.43). Conclusions- Among healthy adults, habitual SED was not associated with markers of endothelial cell health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea T Duran
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, 525 W. 120 Street, New York, NY, 10027, United States.,Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168 Street, New York, NY, 10032, United States
| | - Carol Ewing Garber
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, 525 W. 120 Street, New York, NY, 10027, United States
| | - Ipek Ensari
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168 Street, New York, NY, 10032, United States
| | - Daichi Shimbo
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168 Street, New York, NY, 10032, United States
| | - Keith M Diaz
- Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 W. 168 Street, New York, NY, 10032, United States
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11
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Abstract
Microparticles are a distinctive group of small vesicles, without nucleus, which are involved as significant modulators in several physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. Plasma microparticles from various cellular lines have been subject of research. Data suggest that they are key players in development and manifestation of cardiovascular diseases and their presence, in high levels, is associated with chronic inflammation, endothelial damage and thrombosis. The strong correlation of microparticle levels with several outcomes in cardiovascular diseases has led to their utilization as biomarkers. Despite the limited clinical application at present, their significance emerges, mainly because their detection and enumeration methods are improving. This review article summarizes the evidence derived from research, related with the genesis and the function of microparticles in the presence of various cardiovascular risk factors and conditions. The current data provide a substrate for several theories of how microparticles influence various cellular mechanisms by transferring biological information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Voukalis
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Eduard Shantsila
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- b Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science , University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital , Liverpool , UK.,c Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit , Aalborg University , Aalborg , Denmark
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Hijmans JG, Stockelman K, Levy M, Brewster LM, Bammert TD, Greiner JJ, Connick E, DeSouza CA. Effects of HIV-1 gp120 and TAT-derived microvesicles on endothelial cell function. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:1242-1249. [PMID: 30789287 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01048.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were twofold. The first was to determine if human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 glycoprotein (gp) 120 and transactivator of transcription (Tat) stimulate the release of endothelial microvesicles (EMVs). The second was to determine whether viral protein-induced EMVs are deleterious to endothelial cell function (inducing endothelial cell inflammation, oxidative stress, senescence and increasing apoptotic susceptibility). Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were treated with recombinant HIV-1 proteins Bal gp120 (R5), Lav gp120 (X4), or Tat. EMVs released in response to each viral protein were isolated and quantified. Fresh HAECs were treated with EMVs generated under control conditions and from each of the viral protein conditions for 24 h. EMV release was higher (P < 0.05) in HAECs treated with R5 (141 ± 21 MV/µl), X4 (132 ± 20 MV/µl), and Tat (130 ± 20 MV/µl) compared with control (61 ± 13 MV/µl). Viral protein EMVs induced significantly higher endothelial cell release of proinflammatory cytokines and expression of cell adhesion molecules than control. Reactive oxygen species production was more pronounced (P < 0.05) in the R5-, X4- and Tat-EMV-treated cells. In addition, viral protein-stimulated EMVs significantly augmented endothelial cell senescence and apoptotic susceptibility. Concomitant with these functional changes, viral protein-stimulated EMVs disrupted cell expression of micro-RNAs 34a, 126, 146a, 181b, 221, and miR-Let-7a (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that HIV-1 gp120 and Tat stimulate microvesicle release from endothelial cells, and these microvesicles confer pathological effects on endothelial cells by inducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and senescence as well as enhancing susceptibility to apoptosis. Viral protein-generated EMVs may contribute to the increased risk of vascular disease in patients with HIV-1. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-related proteins glycoprotein (gp) 120 and transactivator of transcription (Tat)-mediated endothelial damage and dysfunction are poorly understood. Endothelial microvesicles (EMVs) serve as indicators and potent mediators of endothelial dysfunction. In the present study we determined if HIV-1 R5- and X4-tropic gp120 and Tat stimulate EMV release in vitro and if viral protein-induced EMVs are deleterious to endothelial cell function. gp120 and Tat induced a marked increase in EMV release. Viral protein-induced EMVs significantly increased endothelial cell inflammation, oxidative stress, senescence, and apoptotic susceptibility in vitro. gp120- and Tat-derived EMVs promote a proinflammatory, pro-oxidative, prosenescent, and proapoptotic endothelial phenotype and may contribute to the endothelial damage and dysfunction associated with gp120 and Tat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie G Hijmans
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado
| | - Kelly Stockelman
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado
| | - Ma'ayan Levy
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado
| | - L Madden Brewster
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado
| | - Tyler D Bammert
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado
| | - Jared J Greiner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado
| | - Elizabeth Connick
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Christopher A DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado
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Longer Sleep Duration and Endothelial Cell Health Among a Multiethnic Sample of Adolescents. Psychosom Med 2019; 81:778-781. [PMID: 31592937 PMCID: PMC7983183 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adverse endothelial cell health, an early pathogenic process underlying atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, is evident in childhood and adolescence. Sleep duration, a modifiable cardiovascular health behavior, may be an important cardiovascular disease prevention target that may affect endothelial cell health. We examined the associations of longer sleep duration with endothelial cell injury among youth. METHODS In a multiethnic sample of 235 children (63.0% female, mean age = 13.9 years), we conducted multivariable linear regressions to test the cross-sectional association of sleep duration and circulating levels of endothelial cell-derived microparticles (EMPs), phenotypic for endothelial cell activation and apoptosis (CD62E+ EMPs, CD31+/CD42b- EMPs, and CD31+/Annexin V+ EMPs). Sleep duration and EMPs were both treated as continuous variables. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, pubertal status, household economic resources, and waist circumference. RESULTS Overall, 69.2% had short sleep duration (<8 hours of sleep per night). Longer sleep duration was significantly associated with lower levels of CD62E+ EMPs and CD31+/CD42b- EMPs. A 60-minute increase in sleep duration was associated with an 8.40 (95% confidence interval = -205.20 to -1.80, p = .046) decrease in CD62E+ EMPs and a 9.00 (95% confidence interval = -153.60 to -9.60, p = .027) decrease in CD31+/CD42b- EMPs. Sleep duration was not associated with CD31+/Annexin V+ EMPs. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that sleeping longer has beneficial effects on endothelial cell health during childhood. Primordial prevention efforts might incorporate sleep extension to offset cardiovascular risk in youth.
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Ensari I, Burg MM, Diaz KM, Fu J, Duran AT, Suls JM, Sumner JA, Monane R, Julian JE, Zhao S, Chaplin WF, Shimbo D. Putative mechanisms Underlying Myocardial infarction onset and Emotions (PUME): a randomised controlled study protocol. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e020525. [PMID: 29858417 PMCID: PMC5988091 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The experience of negative emotions (eg, anger, anxiety and sadness) is associated with an increased short-term risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, independent of traditional CVD risk factors. Impairment in endothelial function is one possible biological mechanism which may explain the association between negative emotions and incident CVD events. This laboratory-based, single-blind, randomised controlled experimental study aims to investigate the impact of induced negative emotions including anger, anxiety and sadness on endothelial function. METHODS AND ANALYSIS In a between-subjects design, 280 healthy participants are randomised to one of four experimental negative emotion inductions: anger, anxiety, sadness or a neutral condition. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation, circulating levels of endothelial cell-derived microparticles and bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells, and indices of nitric oxide inhibition are assessed before and 3, 40, 70 and 100 min after negative emotion induction. Finally, in a subsample of 84 participants, the potential moderating effects of cardiorespiratory fitness and habitual physical activity on the adverse effects of an acute negative emotion on endothelial function are investigated. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study is conducted in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration and the Columbia University Medical Center Institutional Review Board. The results of the study will be disseminated at several research conferences and as published articles in peer reviewed journals. The study will be implemented and reported in line with the SPIRIT statement. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01909895; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipek Ensari
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew M Burg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Keith M Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrea T Duran
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jerry M Suls
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa, USA
| | - Jennifer A Sumner
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rachel Monane
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacob E Julian
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Daichi Shimbo
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Deng F, Wang S, Zhang L. Endothelial microparticles act as novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of circulatory hypoxia-related diseases: a literature review. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:1698-1710. [PMID: 28316143 PMCID: PMC5571516 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulatory hypoxia-related diseases (CHRDs), including acute coronary syndromes, stroke and organ transplantation, attract increased attention due to high morbidity and mortality. Mounting evidence shows that hypoxia-induced oxidative stress, coagulation, inflammation and angiogenesis play extremely important roles in the physiological and pathological processes of CHRD-related vascular endothelial injury. Interestingly, hypoxia, even hypoxia-induced oxidative stress, coagulation and inflammation can all induce release of endothelial microparticles (EMPs). EMPs, shed from activated or apoptotic endothelial cells (ECs), reflect the degree of EC damage, and elevated EMP levels are found in several CHRDs. Furthermore, EMPs, which play an important role in cell-to-cell communication and function, have confirmed pro-coagulant, proinflammatory, angiogenic and other functions, affecting pathological processes. These findings suggest that EMPs and CHRDs have a very close relationship, and EMPs may help to identify CHRD phenotypes and stratify the severity of disease, to improve risk stratification for developing CHRDs, to better define prophylactic strategies and to ameliorate prognostic characterization of patients with CHRDs. This review summarizes the known and potential roles of EMPs in the diagnosis, staging, treatment and clinical prognosis of CHRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Deng
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdongChina
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdongChina
- Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdongChina
| | - Liangqing Zhang
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangGuangdongChina
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Antihypertensive Drugs Aliskiren, Nebivolol, and Olmesartan Reduce Hypertension by Reducing Endothelial Microparticles and Regulating Angiogenesis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2017; 70:176-183. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Voudoukis E, Vetsika EK, Giannakopoulou K, Karmiris K, Theodoropoulou A, Sfiridaki A, Georgoulias V, Paspatis GA, Koutroubakis IE. Distinct features of circulating microparticles and their relationship with disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease. Ann Gastroenterol 2016; 29:180-7. [PMID: 27065731 PMCID: PMC4805738 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2016.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is evidence that circulating microparticles (MPs) and annexin (+) platelet-derived MPs (PDMPs) are increased in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of our study was to characterize the abundance, origin, and annexin V binding of MPs in patients with IBD and correlate them with the disease characteristics. Methods Case-control study of 46 IBD patients (23 Crohn’s disease, 23 ulcerative colitis) and 40 matched healthy controls (HC). MPs were divided according to annexin V binding, their origin was estimated based on specific cell membrane markers in plasma samples and their number was calculated via flow cytometry. Clinical and laboratory activity indices were also analyzed. Results Annexin (-) PDMPs (P=0.0004), total (P=0.04) and annexin (+) monocyte-derived MPs (P=0.02) were increased and annexin (-) total MPs (P=0.0007) were decreased in IBD patients compared to HC. The annexin (+)/(-) ratio of all MP types were significantly elevated in IBD patients compared to HC (P<0.003). IBD patients with active disease displayed elevated total and annexin (+) total MPs, total, annexin (+) and (-) PDMPs compared with those in remission (P<0.05). Annexin (-) PDMPs were considerably increased in IBD patients with active compared to those with inactive disease (P=0.0013). Total and annexin (-) PDMPs were significantly correlated with most of the disease activity indices (P<0.05). Conclusion The majority of circulating MPs, their counterparts and particularly annexin (-) PDMPs are increased in active IBD patients. Annexin (+)/(-) ratio proved to be the most reliable distinctive MP index between HC and IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Voudoukis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Venizelion General Hospital (Evangelos Voudoukis, Konstantina Giannakopoulou, Konstantinos Karmiris, Angeliki Theodoropoulou, Gregorios A. Paspatis), Crete, Greece
| | - Eleni-Kyriaki Vetsika
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete (Eleni-Kyriaki Vetsika, Vassilis Georgoulias), Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantina Giannakopoulou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Venizelion General Hospital (Evangelos Voudoukis, Konstantina Giannakopoulou, Konstantinos Karmiris, Angeliki Theodoropoulou, Gregorios A. Paspatis), Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Karmiris
- Department of Gastroenterology, Venizelion General Hospital (Evangelos Voudoukis, Konstantina Giannakopoulou, Konstantinos Karmiris, Angeliki Theodoropoulou, Gregorios A. Paspatis), Crete, Greece
| | - Angeliki Theodoropoulou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Venizelion General Hospital (Evangelos Voudoukis, Konstantina Giannakopoulou, Konstantinos Karmiris, Angeliki Theodoropoulou, Gregorios A. Paspatis), Crete, Greece
| | | | - Vassilis Georgoulias
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete (Eleni-Kyriaki Vetsika, Vassilis Georgoulias), Crete, Greece
| | - Gregorios A Paspatis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Venizelion General Hospital (Evangelos Voudoukis, Konstantina Giannakopoulou, Konstantinos Karmiris, Angeliki Theodoropoulou, Gregorios A. Paspatis), Crete, Greece
| | - Ioannis E Koutroubakis
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Heraklion (Ioannis E. Koutroubakis), Crete, Greece
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Berezin AE, Kremzer AA. Impaired phenotype of circulating endothelial microparticles in chronic heart failure patients: Relevance to body mass index. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2015; 9:230-236. [PMID: 26044504 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship of circulating endothelial-derived microparticls (EMP) pattern with body mass index (BMI) in CHF patients. METHODS The study retrospectively evolved 153 patients (86 males) who were underwent multispiral contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography or conventional angiographic examination of coronary arteries. Flowcytometry analysis for quantifying the number of EMPs was used at baseline. RESULTS Using C-statistics for models with CHF, BMI, and circulating biomarkers (NT-pro-BNP, OPG and adiponectin) as continuous variables we found that adding of BMI to the based model (NYHA class of CHF) improved the relative IDI by 12.5% for increased CD31+/annexin V+ EMPs to CD62E+ EMPs ratio. When we used other model constructed on entering variables IDI appears to be improved up to 5.8% for increased EMPs (available for NT-pro-BNP as continuous variable). Three biomarkers (NYHA class of CHF+NT-pro-BNP+OPG) and four biomarkers (NYHA class of CHF+NT-pro-BNP+OPG+adiponectin) could not significantly improve predictive model based on combination of BMI and NYHA class of CHF for increased CD31+/annexin V+ EMPs to CD62E+ EMPs ratio. CONCLUSION We suggested that lower BMI is significant predictor for impaired phenotype of circulating EMPs in CHF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Berezin
- Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University, 26, Mayakovsky Av., Zaporozhye 69035, Ukraine.
| | - Alexander A Kremzer
- State Medical University, Clinical Pharmacology Department, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
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Scruggs AK, Cioffi EA, Cioffi DL, King JAC, Bauer NN. Lectin-Based Characterization of Vascular Cell Microparticle Glycocalyx. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135533. [PMID: 26274589 PMCID: PMC4537305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles (MPs) are released constitutively and from activated cells. MPs play significant roles in vascular homeostasis, injury, and as biomarkers. The unique glycocalyx on the membrane of cells has frequently been exploited to identify specific cell types, however the glycocalyx of the MPs has yet to be defined. Thus, we sought to determine whether MPs, released both constitutively and during injury, from vascular cells have a glycocalyx matching those of the parental cell type to provide information on MP origin. For these studies we used rat pulmonary microvascular and artery endothelium, pulmonary smooth muscle, and aortic endothelial cells. MPs were collected from healthy or cigarette smoke injured cells and analyzed with a panel of lectins for specific glycocalyx linkages. Intriguingly, we determined that the MPs released either constitutively or stimulated by CSE injury did not express the same glycocalyx of the parent cells. Further, the glycocalyx was not unique to any of the specific cell types studied. These data suggest that MPs from both normal and healthy vascular cells do not share the parental cell glycocalyx makeup.
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Affiliation(s)
- April K. Scruggs
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Eugene A. Cioffi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Donna L. Cioffi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Judy A. C. King
- Department of Pathology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Natalie N. Bauer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Extracellular vesicles as new pharmacological targets to treat atherosclerosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 763:90-103. [PMID: 26142082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles released by most cell types, include apoptotic bodies (ABs), microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes. They play a crucial role in physiology and pathology, contributing to "cell-to-cell" communication by modifying the phenotype and the function of target cells. Thus, extracellular vesicles participate in the key processes of atherosclerosis from endothelial dysfunction, vascular wall inflammation to vascular remodeling. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings on extracellular vesicle formation, structure, release and clearance. We focus on the deleterious and beneficial effects of extracellular vesicles in the development of atherosclerosis. The potential role of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers and pharmacological targets, their innate therapeutic capacity, or their use for novel drug delivery devices in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases will also be discussed.
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Saleh HA, Kabeer BS. Microparticles: Biomarkers and effectors in the cardiovascular system. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2015. [DOI: 10.5339/gcsp.2015.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Qamri Z, Pelletier R, Foster J, Kumar S, Momani H, Ware K, Von Visger J, Satoskar A, Nadasdy T, Brodsky SV. Early posttransplant changes in circulating endothelial microparticles in patients with kidney transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2014; 31:60-4. [PMID: 25008980 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are membrane vesicles shed from endothelial cell in response to injury, activation or apoptosis. Kidney transplantation (KTx) is the treatment of choice for patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). The aim of this study was to analyze changes in EMP and serum creatinine (SCr) in patients following KTx. METHODS Blood was periodically collected from patients before (pre-KTx) and after KTx for two months. EMPs were identified as CD31(+)/CD42b(-) microparticles and quantified by fluorescence-activated cell scanning. RESULTS This study included 213 KTx, 14 kidney/pancreas (KPTx) recipients and 60 healthy donors prior to donation. The recipients were divided into 5 groups based on the cause of ESKD. No differences in the quantity of circulating EMP were seen in the pre-KPTx or KTx recipient sera and healthy donor sera. Patients with ESKD secondary to diabetes mellitus, obstructive/inherited kidney disease and autoimmune disease had a decrease in both circulating EMP and SCr by day 60 after KTx. CONCLUSION Reduction in both circulating EMP and SCr was seen after kidney KTx in patients with selective ESKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahida Qamri
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ronald Pelletier
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jamison Foster
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hammam Momani
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kyle Ware
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jon Von Visger
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Anjali Satoskar
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tibor Nadasdy
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sergey V Brodsky
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.
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Liu H, Ding L, Zhang Y, Ni S. Circulating endothelial microparticles involved in lung function decline in a rat exposed in cigarette smoke maybe from apoptotic pulmonary capillary endothelial cells. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6:649-55. [PMID: 24976986 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.06.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma levels of endothelial microparticles (EMPs), small membrane vesicles, shed from activated or apoptotic endothelial cells are elevated in patients with COPD and in smokers with normal lung function. Whether plasma EMPs levels are elevated in a rat exposed in cigarette smoke, whether the elevated EMPs derived from pulmonary endothelial cell apoptosis, and the relationship between EMP and lung function are obscure. METHODS All 60 wister rats were divided into six groups, three groups of ten rats were exposed to cigarette smoke of ten non-filter cigarettes per day, 5 days a week, using a standard smoking machine (Beijing BeiLanBo Company, China) for a period of 2, 4 and 6 months (n=10, respectively). Age-matched three control groups were sham-smoked. Pulmonary function parameters, including the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 0.3 second over forced vital capacity (FEV0.3/FVC) and dynamic compliance (Cdyn), were tested at the end of each period (2, 4, 6 months). Blood samples were collected and platelet-free plasma was isolated. Then CD42b-/CD31+ EMPs were analysed by flow cytometry. In parallel, lungs were removed and Colocalization with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL), Hoeschts and CD31 was performed to evaluate pulmonary capillaries-specific apoptosis and identify the origins of the EMPs. RESULTS At 2, 4 and 6 months, in comparison with control groups, rats in cigarette smoke exposed groups had a significant increase in CD42b-/CD31+ EMPs (P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively), and Pulmonary function indicated that FEV0.3/FVC (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.01, respectively) and Cdyn (P<0.01, P<0.001, P<0.001 respectively) decreased. At the same time, CD42b-/CD31+ EMP counts were negatively correlated with Cdyn (P<0.05). Moreover, in vivo, TUNEL-positive cells co-localized with CD31 in whole lung tissue demonstrated a sequence of apoptosis signal in the cigarette smoke exposed groups. CONCLUSIONS CD42b-/CD31+ EMPs may be a potential biomarker for indicating the severity of impairment of pulmonary function in the rats exposed cigarette smoke. The increased EMPs may derive from pulmonary capillaries-specific apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yanju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Songshi Ni
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Voloshin T, Fremder E, Shaked Y. Small but mighty: microparticles as mediators of tumor progression. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2014; 7:11-21. [PMID: 24705797 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-014-0144-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A wide spectrum of both normal and diseased cell types shed extracellular vesicles that facilitate intercellular communication without direct cell-to-cell contact. Microparticles (MPs) are a subtype of extracellular vesicles that participate in multiple biological processes. They carry abundant bioactive molecules including different forms of nucleic acids and proteins that can markedly modulate cellular behavior. MPs are involved in several hallmarks of cancer such as drug resistance, thrombosis, immune evasion, angiogenesis, tumor invasion and metastasis. Such MPs originate from either cancer or other host cells. As MPs are secreted and can be detected in various body fluids, they can be used as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as vehicles for delivery of cytotoxic drugs. This review summarizes accumulating evidence on the biological properties of MPs in cancer, with reference to their potential usage in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Voloshin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion, Haifa, Israel
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Hosseinzadeh S, Zahmatkesh M, Zarrindast MR, Hassanzadeh GR, Karimian M, Sarrafnejad A. Elevated CSF and plasma microparticles in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced cognitive impairment. Behav Brain Res 2013; 256:503-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Thomashow MA, Shimbo D, Parikh MA, Hoffman EA, Vogel-Claussen J, Hueper K, Fu J, Liu CY, Bluemke DA, Ventetuolo CE, Doyle MF, Barr RG. Endothelial microparticles in mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 188:60-8. [PMID: 23600492 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201209-1697oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Basic research implicates alveolar endothelial cell apoptosis in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema. However, information on endothelial microparticles (EMPs) in mild COPD and emphysema is lacking. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that levels of CD31(+) EMPs phenotypic for endothelial cell apoptosis would be elevated in COPD and associated with percent emphysema on computed tomography (CT). Associations with pulmonary microvascular blood flow (PMBF), diffusing capacity, and hyperinflation were also examined. METHODS The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis COPD Study recruited participants with COPD and control subjects age 50-79 years with greater than or equal to 10 pack-years without clinical cardiovascular disease. CD31(+) EMPs were measured using flow cytometry in 180 participants who also underwent CTs and spirometry. CD62E(+) EMPs phenotypic for endothelial cell activation were also measured. COPD was defined by standard criteria. Percent emphysema was defined as regions less than -950 Hounsfield units on full-lung scans. PMBF was assessed on gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Hyperinflation was defined as residual volume/total lung capacity. Linear regression was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS CD31(+) EMPs were elevated in COPD compared with control subjects (P = 0.03) and were notably increased in mild COPD (P = 0.03). CD31(+) EMPs were positively related to percent emphysema (P = 0.045) and were inversely associated with PMBF (P = 0.047) and diffusing capacity (P = 0.01). In contrast, CD62E(+) EMPs were elevated in severe COPD (P = 0.003) and hyperinflation (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CD31(+) EMPs, suggestive of endothelial cell apoptosis, were elevated in mild COPD and emphysema. In contrast, CD62E(+) EMPs indicative of endothelial activation were elevated in severe COPD and hyperinflation.
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Curtis AM, Edelberg J, Jonas R, Rogers WT, Moore JS, Syed W, Mohler ER. Endothelial microparticles: sophisticated vesicles modulating vascular function. Vasc Med 2013; 18:204-14. [PMID: 23892447 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x13499773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) belong to a family of extracellular vesicles that are dynamic, mobile, biological effectors capable of mediating vascular physiology and function. The release of EMPs can impart autocrine and paracrine effects on target cells through surface interaction, cellular fusion, and, possibly, the delivery of intra-vesicular cargo. A greater understanding of the formation, composition, and function of EMPs will broaden our understanding of endothelial communication and may expose new pathways amenable for therapeutic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Curtis
- Trinity Biomedical Science Institute (TBSI), Dublin, Ireland.
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Yong PJA, Koh CH, Shim WSN. Endothelial microparticles: missing link in endothelial dysfunction? Eur J Prev Cardiol 2013; 20:496-512. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487312445001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Winston SN Shim
- SingHealth Research Facilities, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore
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Gordon C, Gudi K, Krause A, Sackrowitz R, Harvey BG, Strulovici-Barel Y, Mezey JG, Crystal RG. Circulating endothelial microparticles as a measure of early lung destruction in cigarette smokers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 184:224-32. [PMID: 21471087 PMCID: PMC3172886 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201012-2061oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE There is increasing evidence that emphysema is associated with primary loss of pulmonary capillary endothelium. Plasma levels of endothelial microparticles (EMPs), small vesicles released from activated or apoptotic endothelial cells, are elevated in vascular-related disorders. OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether plasma EMP levels are elevated in smokers with early lung destruction as assessed by normal spirometry but reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (Dl(co)). METHODS Lung health was assessed by pulmonary function tests (PFTs: spirometry, total lung capacity, Dl(co)) and chest X-ray; smoking status was assessed by urine nicotine and cotinine. EMP levels (CD42b(-)CD31(+) microparticles) were quantified as activated or apoptotic. The initial cohort (n = 92) included healthy nonsmokers (normal PFTs), healthy smokers (normal PFTs), and smokers with early evidence of lung destruction (normal spirometry, low Dl(co)). Two prospective cohorts were then tested: a group similar to the initial cohort and an HIV1(+) cohort. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Healthy smokers had mildly increased levels of EMPs. Strikingly, 95% of smokers with normal spirometry, low Dl(co) had increased EMPs, with reduced CD62(+)/CD31(+) ratios (P < 10(-4)) and elevated CD42b(-)CD31(+) annexin V(+) EMPs (P < 10(-4)), suggesting derivation from endothelial apoptosis. Most elevated EMPs were angiotensin-converting enzyme positive, suggesting derivation from pulmonary capillaries. Both prospective cohorts confirmed the initial cohort data. CONCLUSIONS Plasma EMPs with apoptotic characteristics are elevated in smokers with normal spirometry but reduced Dl(co), consistent with the concept that emphysema is associated, in part, with capillary endothelium apoptosis, suggesting that the early development of emphysema might be monitored with plasma EMP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Gordon
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, USA
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Abstract
The potential to reduce cardiovascular morbidity through dietary modification remains an area of intense clinical and scientific interest. Any putatively beneficial intervention should be tested within a randomised controlled trial which records appropriate endpoints, ideally incident CVD and death. However, the large sample sizes required for these endpoints and associated high costs mean that the majority of dietary intervention research is conducted over short periods among either healthy volunteers or those at only slightly increased risk, with investigators using a diverse range of surrogate measures to estimate arterial health in these studies. The present review identifies commonly employed techniques, discusses the relative merits of each and highlights emerging approaches.
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György B, Szabó TG, Pásztói M, Pál Z, Misják P, Aradi B, László V, Pállinger E, Pap E, Kittel A, Nagy G, Falus A, Buzás EI. Membrane vesicles, current state-of-the-art: emerging role of extracellular vesicles. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:2667-88. [PMID: 21560073 PMCID: PMC3142546 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0689-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1518] [Impact Index Per Article: 116.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Release of membrane vesicles, a process conserved in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, represents an evolutionary link, and suggests essential functions of a dynamic extracellular vesicular compartment (including exosomes, microparticles or microvesicles and apoptotic bodies). Compelling evidence supports the significance of this compartment in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes. However, classification of membrane vesicles, protocols of their isolation and detection, molecular details of vesicular release, clearance and biological functions are still under intense investigation. Here, we give a comprehensive overview of extracellular vesicles. After discussing the technical pitfalls and potential artifacts of the rapidly emerging field, we compare results from meta-analyses of published proteomic studies on membrane vesicles. We also summarize clinical implications of membrane vesicles. Lessons from this compartment challenge current paradigms concerning the mechanisms of intercellular communication and immune regulation. Furthermore, its clinical implementation may open new perspectives in translational medicine both in diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence György
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Nagyvárad tér, Hungary
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Zhou J, Li H, Fu Y, Shi J, Hou J, Zhang Y, Liu X, Song P. Arsenic trioxide induces procoagulant activity through phosphatidylserine exposure and microparticle generation in endothelial cells. Thromb Res 2011; 127:466-72. [PMID: 21272920 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coagulopathy is a major cause of early death when arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) therapy fails. In addition to the procoagulant properties of blast cells, the cytotoxic therapy may contribute to the coagulation disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible impact of As(2)O(3) on membrane alterations, including phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and microparticle generation, and the consequent procoagulant properties of endothelial cells. METHODS Procoagulant activity (PCA) of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was assessed by measuring clotting time and through purified coagulation complex assays. PS exposure on HUVEC membrane was observed by confocal microscopy and quantified with flow cytometry. In addition, counts and PCA of endothelial microparticles were determined by flow cytometry and plasma coagulation assay. RESULTS As(2)O(3) increased the ability of HUVECs to accelerate coagulation process and promote formation of coagulation complexes. Procoagulant activity corresponded to PS exposed on HUVECs. In coincidence with the PS externalization, As(2)O(3) increased the production of PS-bearing microparticles, which then accelerated fibrin strand formation significantly. By blocking PS, lactadherin was able to inhibit over 90% of the intrinsic tenase/prothrombinase activity of As(2)O(3)-treated HUVECs, and restored coagulation times of As(2)O(3)-treated cells and microparticles to control levels. CONCLUSIONS As(2)O(3) increases PCA of HUVECs through PS exposure and PS-bearing microparticle generation, which might cause thrombosis and act as a contributing factor in As(2)O(3) therapy-related coagulopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
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Dey-Hazra E, Hertel B, Kirsch T, Woywodt A, Lovric S, Haller H, Haubitz M, Erdbruegger U. Detection of circulating microparticles by flow cytometry: influence of centrifugation, filtration of buffer, and freezing. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2010; 6:1125-33. [PMID: 21191433 PMCID: PMC3004516 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s13236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical importance of microparticles resulting from vesiculation of platelets and other blood cells is increasingly recognized, although no standardized method exists for their measurement. Only a few studies have examined the analytical and preanalytical steps and variables affecting microparticle detection. We focused our analysis on microparticle detection by flow cytometry. The goal of our study was to analyze the effects of different centrifugation protocols looking at different durations of high and low centrifugation speeds. We also analyzed the effect of filtration of buffer and long-term freezing on microparticle quantification, as well as the role of Annexin V in the detection of microparticles. Absolute and platelet-derived microparticles were 10- to 15-fold higher using initial lower centrifugation speeds at 1500 × g compared with protocols using centrifugation speeds at 5000 × g (P < 0.01). A clear separation between true events and background noise was only achieved using higher centrifugation speeds. Filtration of buffer with a 0.2 μm filter reduced a significant amount of background noise. Storing samples for microparticle detection at -80°C decreased microparticle levels at days 28, 42, and 56 (P < 0.05 for all comparisons with fresh samples). We believe that staining with Annexin V is necessary to distinguish true events from cell debris or precipitates. Buffers should be filtered and fresh samples should be analyzed, or storage periods will have to be standardized. Higher centrifugation speeds should be used to minimize contamination by smaller size platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Dey-Hazra
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Orozco AF, Lewis DE. Flow cytometric analysis of circulating microparticles in plasma. Cytometry A 2010; 77:502-14. [PMID: 20235276 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.20886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Microparticles, which include exosomes, micro-vesicles, apoptotic bodies and apoptotic microparticles, are small (0.05 - 3 mum in diameter), membranous vesicles that can contain DNA, RNA, miRNA, intracellular proteins and express extracellular surface markers from the parental cells. They can be secreted from intracellular multivesicular bodies or released from the surface of blebbing membranes. Circulating microparticles are abundant in the plasma of normal individuals and can be derived from circulating blood cells such as platelets, red blood cells and leukocytes as well as from tissue sources, such as endothelial and placental tissues. Elevated levels of microparticles are associated with various diseases such as thrombosis (platelet microparticles), congestive heart failure (endothelial microparticles), breast cancer patients (leukocyte microparticles) and women with preeclampsia (syncytiotrophoblast microparticles). Although microparticles can be detected by microscopy, enzyme-linked immunoassays and functional assays, flow cytometry is the preferred method because of the ability to quantitate (fluorescent bead- or flow rate-based method) and because of polychromatic capabilities. However, standardization of pre-analytical and analytical modus operandi for isolating, enumerating and fluorescent labeling of microparticles remains a challenge. The primary focus of this article is to review the preliminary steps required to optimally study circulating in vivo microparticles which include: 1) centrifugation speed used, 2) quantitation of microparticles before antibody labeling, 3) levels of fluorescence intensity of antibody-labeled microparticles, 4) polychromatic flow cytometric analysis of microparticle sub-populations and 5) use of polyclonal antibodies designed for Western blotting for flow cytometry. These studies determine a roadmap to develop microparticles as biomarkers for a variety of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron F Orozco
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Right Ventricular Failure—A Continuing Problem in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Device Support. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2010; 3:604-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s12265-010-9216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Peterson DB, Sander T, Kaul S, Wakim BT, Halligan B, Twigger S, Pritchard KA, Oldham KT, Ou JS. Comparative proteomic analysis of PAI-1 and TNF-alpha-derived endothelial microparticles. Proteomics 2008; 8:2430-46. [PMID: 18563738 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200701029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Endothelium-derived microparticles (EMPs) are small vesicles released from endothelial cells in response to cell injury, apoptosis, or activation. Elevated concentrations of EMPs have been associated with many inflammatory and vascular diseases. EMPs also mediate long range signaling and alter downstream cell function. Unfortunately, the molecular and cellular basis of microparticle production and downstream cell function is poorly understood. We hypothesize that EMPs generated by different agonists will produce distinct populations of EMPs with unique protein compositions. To test this hypothesis, different EMP populations were generated from human umbilical vein endothelial cells by stimulation with plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and subjected to proteomic analysis by LC/MS. We identified 432 common proteins in all EMP populations studied. Also identified were 231 proteins unique to control EMPs, 104 proteins unique to PAI-1 EMPs and 70 proteins unique to TNF-alpha EMPs. Interestingly, variations in protein abundance were found among many of the common EMP proteins, suggesting that differences exist between EMPs on a relative scale. Finally, gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis revealed many functional similarities and few differences between the EMP populations studied. In summary, our results clearly indicate that EMPs generated by PAI-1 and TNF-alpha produce EMPs with overlapping but distinct protein compositions. These observations provide fundamental insight into the mechanisms regulating the production of these particles and their physiological role in numerous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle B Peterson
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin and Children's Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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Abstract
Cell activation or apoptosis leads to plasma membrane blebbing and microparticle (MP) release in the extracellular space. MPs are submicron membrane vesicles which express a panel of phospholipids and proteins specific of the cells they are derived from. Exposure of negatively charged phospholipids and tissue factor confers a procoagulant potential to MPs. MPs accumulate in the lipid core of the atherosclertotic plaque and is a major determinant of its thrombogenecity. Elevation of plasma MPs levels, particularly those of endothelial origin, reflects cellular injury and is considered now as a surrogate marker of vascular dysfunction. Thus, MPs can be seen as triggers of a vicious circle for they promote prothrombogenic and pro-inflammatory responses as well as cellular dysfunction within the vascular compartment. A better knowledge of MP composition and biological effects as well as the mechanisms leading to their clearance will probably open new therapeutic approaches in the treatment of atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Leroyer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Unit 689), Cardiovascular Research Institute Inserm, Paris, France
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Esposito K, Ciotola M, Giugliano F, Sardelli L, Giugliano F, Maiorino MI, Beneduce F, De Sio M, Giugliano D. Phenotypic assessment of endothelial microparticles in diabetic and nondiabetic men with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2008; 5:1436-42. [PMID: 18410304 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00823.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) may play a role as biomarkers of vascular injury. EMPs are higher in men with diabetes diabetic men with erectile dysfunction (ED) than in nondiabetic potent men. AIM The aim of this study was to quantize different phenotypic circulating EMP levels among diabetic and nondiabetic patients with ED, and to determine whether EMPs are released as a result of activation or apoptosis. METHODS We studied 30 type 2 diabetic and 24 nondiabetic subjects with symptomatic ED from at least 6 months, and 20 nondiabetic men without ED matched for age and weight with diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. Erectile function was assessed by completing the International Index of Erectile Function (IEEF)-5, which consists of Items 5, 15, 4, 2, and 7 from the full-scale IIEF-15. A score of 21 or less indicates the presence of ED. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES EMP levels in plasma were quantified by flow cytometry. Markers for apoptosis (platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1/CD31 antigen) and activation (E-selectin/CD62E antigen) were compared. Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was evaluated in the right brachial artery with a high-resolution ultrasound machine following reactive hyperemia. RESULTS Diabetic patients were found to have the highest levels of EMP31+; diabetic and nondiabetic men with ED were found to have significantly higher levels of EMP62+ than nondiabetic men without ED. The EMP62/EMP31 ratio, an index of endothelial activation (high ratio) or apoptosis (low ratio), was lowest in diabetic men with ED (0.20). In the whole group of 54 men with ED (diabetic and nondiabetic), there was an inverse correlation between FMD and the number of circulating EMPs (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The presence of diabetes in subjects with ED is associated with a different pattern of endothelial cell injury. The phenotypic assessment of EMPs in diabetic patients with ED is consistent with increased apoptotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Esposito
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Division of Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Endothelial cell activation contributes to the release of procoagulant microparticles during acute cardiac allograft rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant 2008; 27:38-45. [PMID: 18187085 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2007.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2007] [Revised: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 09/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating procoagulant microparticles are reliable markers of vascular damage. The microparticle phenotypes provide additional information reflecting the nature of cell injury. This study assessed procoagulant microparticle levels and phenotypes in the diagnosis of acute allograft rejection after heart transplantation. METHODS Microparticles were prospectively investigated in the venous blood of 64 heart transplant patients, 23 with allograft rejection mainly of low score, and 41 without a rejection episode. Plasma concentrations of cytokines, cytoadhesins, and platelet activation markers were determined. RESULTS By univariate analysis, the mean time elapsed from heart transplant, cold ischemia time, E-selectin-, Fas- and tissue factor-bearing microparticles were associated with allograft rejection. By multivariate analysis, E-selectin-microparticle levels appeared independently associated with allograft rejection, even when other significant variables were included in the model (odds ratio, 9.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.36-71.4; p = 0.023). CONCLUSION The pattern of procoagulant microparticles released during acute allograft rejection suggests endothelial cell activation and Fas-mediated apoptosis. E-selectin-bearing microparticles appeared as an independent marker of acute allograft rejection that was still informative after adjustment for graft characteristics.
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Maury E, Ehala-Aleksejev K, Guiot Y, Detry R, Vandenhooft A, Brichard SM. Adipokines oversecreted by omental adipose tissue in human obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 293:E656-65. [PMID: 17578888 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00127.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Central-omental obesity plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. Adipokines are involved in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. However, adipokines secreted by omental adipose tissue (OAT) are still poorly characterized in human obesity. Therefore, we searched for novel adipokines abnormally secreted by OAT in obesity and examined their relationships with some features of metabolic syndrome and the respective contribution of adipocytes vs. stromal-vascular cells. OAT from obese and nonobese men was fractionated into adipocytes and SV cells, which were then cultured. Medium was screened by medium-scale protein arrays and ELISAs. Adipokine mRNA levels were measured by real-time RT-qPCR. We detected 16 cytokines secreted by each cellular fraction of lean and obese subjects. Of the 16 cytokines, six adipokines were newly identified as secretory products of OAT, which were dysregulated in obesity: three chemokines (growth-related oncogen factor, RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta), one interleukin (IL-7), one tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1), and one growth factor (thrombopoietin). Their secretion and expression were enhanced in obesity, with a relatively similar contribution of the two fractions. The higher proportion of macrophages and endothelial cells in obesity may contribute to this enhanced production as well as changes in intrinsic properties of hypertrophied adipocytes. Accordingly, mRNA concentrations of most of these adipokines increased during adipocyte differentiation. Eventually, expression of the investigated adipokines did correlate with several features of the metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, six adipokines were newly identified as oversecreted by OAT in obesity. These adipokines may link obesity to its cardiovascular or metabolic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Maury
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, University of Louvain, Faculty of Medicine, Brussels, Belgium
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Perez-Pujol S, Marker PH, Key NS. Platelet microparticles are heterogeneous and highly dependent on the activation mechanism: Studies using a new digital flow cytometer. Cytometry A 2007; 71:38-45. [PMID: 17216623 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.20354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-derived microparticles (MPs) are believed to play an important role in coagulation and inflammatory disorders. Unfortunately, MP size renders them difficult to study and analyze by conventional flow cytometry. METHODS We analyzed and characterized platelet-derived MPs, using antibodies against the major surface glycoproteins (GP), the platelet activation antigen P-selectin (CD62P), and a marker of procoagulant activity (phosphatidylserine exposure). MPs were generated by exposure of platelets to thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP) or ionophore. Both agonists induced significant microvesiculation of platelets, and the resulting MPs were analyzed by a new digital flow cytometer: Becton-Dickinson FACSAria. RESULTS Membrane GPs were equally well represented in MPs generated by either reagent. In contrast, P-selectin was more intensely expressed in TRAP-MPs, while phosphatidylserine (PS) expression was markedly increased in ionophore-MPs. Two distinct populations of TRAP-MPs (one PS-positive and another PS-negative) were apparent. The latter characteristic facilitated sorting of MPs according to their PS exposure. CONCLUSIONS The data presented herein show a significant improvement in the methodology applied until now to the characterization of MPs. The ability to characterize and sort MP subpopulations may help to resolve their contributions to normal and pathological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Perez-Pujol
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Boulanger CM, Amabile N, Tedgui A. Circulating microparticles: a potential prognostic marker for atherosclerotic vascular disease. Hypertension 2006; 48:180-6. [PMID: 16801490 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.0000231507.00962.b5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chantal M Boulanger
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Cardiovascular Research Center INSERM Lariboisière, Paris, France.
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