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Maniaci A, La Via L, Lechien JR, Sangiorgio G, Iannella G, Magliulo G, Pace A, Mat Q, Lavalle S, Lentini M. Hearing Loss and Oxidative Stress: A Comprehensive Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:842. [PMID: 39061910 PMCID: PMC11274311 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a prevalent condition affecting millions of people worldwide. Hearing loss has been linked to oxidative stress as a major factor in its onset and progression. The goal of this thorough analysis is to investigate the connection between oxidative stress and hearing loss, with an emphasis on the underlying mechanisms and possible treatments. The review addressed the many forms of hearing loss, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in causing damage to the cochlea, and the auditory system's antioxidant defensive mechanisms. The review also goes over the available data that support the use of antioxidants and other methods to lessen hearing loss brought on by oxidative stress. We found that oxidative stress is implicated in multiple types of hearing loss, including age-related, noise-induced, and ototoxic hearing impairment. The cochlea's unique anatomical and physiological characteristics, such as high metabolic activity and limited blood supply, make it particularly susceptible to oxidative damage. Antioxidant therapies have shown promising results in both animal models and clinical studies for preventing and mitigating hearing loss. Emerging therapeutic approaches, including targeted drug delivery systems and gene therapy, offer new possibilities for addressing oxidative stress in the auditory system. The significance of this review lies in its comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship between oxidative stress and hearing loss. By synthesizing current knowledge and identifying gaps in understanding, this review provides valuable insights for both researchers and clinicians. It highlights the potential of antioxidant-based interventions and emphasizes the need for further research into personalized treatment strategies. Our findings on oxidative stress mechanisms may also affect clinical practice and future research directions. This review serves as a foundation for developing novel therapeutic approaches and may inform evidence-based strategies for the prevention and treatment of hearing loss, ultimately contributing to improved quality of life for millions affected by this condition worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Maniaci
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna Kore, 94100 Enna, Italy;
- ASP Ragusa-Hospital Giovanni Paolo II, 97100 Ragusa, Italy;
- Otology Study Group, Young Otolaryngologists-International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, 13005 Paris, France; (J.R.L.); (G.I.); (A.P.); (Q.M.)
| | - L. La Via
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital Policlinico-San Marco, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - J. R. Lechien
- Otology Study Group, Young Otolaryngologists-International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, 13005 Paris, France; (J.R.L.); (G.I.); (A.P.); (Q.M.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), 78180 Paris, France
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, EpiCURA Hospital, 7301 Hornu, Belgium
| | - G. Sangiorgio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - G. Iannella
- Otology Study Group, Young Otolaryngologists-International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, 13005 Paris, France; (J.R.L.); (G.I.); (A.P.); (Q.M.)
- Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - G. Magliulo
- Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - A. Pace
- Otology Study Group, Young Otolaryngologists-International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, 13005 Paris, France; (J.R.L.); (G.I.); (A.P.); (Q.M.)
- Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Q. Mat
- Otology Study Group, Young Otolaryngologists-International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, 13005 Paris, France; (J.R.L.); (G.I.); (A.P.); (Q.M.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, C.H.U. Charleroi, Chaussée de Bruxelles 140, 6042 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - S. Lavalle
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna Kore, 94100 Enna, Italy;
| | - M. Lentini
- ASP Ragusa-Hospital Giovanni Paolo II, 97100 Ragusa, Italy;
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Angeli SI, Brown CS, Holcomb MA, Velandia SL, Eshraghi AA, Chiossone-Kerdel JA, Hoffer ME, Sanchez C, Telischi FF. Functional Hearing Preservation in Cochlear Implantation: The Miami Cocktail Effect. Otol Neurotol 2024; 45:376-385. [PMID: 38361325 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000004134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate if pharmacological treatment with prednisone and L-N-acetylcysteine (STE + NAC) influence functional hearing preservation in cochlear implant (CI) surgery. STUDY DESIGNS Preimplantation and postimplantation longitudinal case-control study. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Pediatric and adult recipients of CI with preimplantation functional hearing defined as an average of air-conducted thresholds at 125, 250, and 500 Hz (low-frequency pure-tone average [LFPTA]) <80 dB. INTERVENTIONS Preimplantation and postimplantation audiometry. Weight-adjusted oral prednisone and L-N-acetylcysteine starting 2 days before surgery (Miami cocktail). Prednisone was continued for 3 days and L-N-acetylcysteine for 12 days after surgery, respectively. Cochlear implantation with conventional length electrodes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Proportion of patients with LFPTA <80 dB, and LFPTA change at 1-year postimplantation. RESULTS All 61 patients received intratympanic and intravenous dexamethasone intraoperatively, with 41 patients receiving STE + NAC and 20 patients not receiving STE + NAC. At 1-year postimplantation, the proportion of functional hearing preservation was 83% in the STE + NAC group compared with 55% of subjects who did not receive STE + NAC ( p = 0.0302). The median LFPTA change for STE + NAC-treated and not treated subjects was 8.33 dB (mean, 13.82 ± 17.4 dB) and 18.34 dB (mean, 26.5 ± 23.4 dB), respectively ( p = 0.0401, Wilcoxon rank test). Perioperative STE + NAC treatment resulted in 10 dB of LFPTA better hearing than when not receiving this treatment. Better low-frequency preimplantation hearing thresholds were predictive of postimplantation functional hearing. No serious side effects were reported. CONCLUSION Perioperative STE + NAC, "The Miami Cocktail," was safe and superior to intraoperative steroids alone in functional hearing preservation 1-year after cochlear implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meredith A Holcomb
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Sandra L Velandia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Adrien A Eshraghi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | | | | | - Chrisanda Sanchez
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Fred F Telischi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Guthrie OW. Noise Stress Abrogates Structure-Specific Endonucleases within the Mammalian Inner Ear. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1749. [PMID: 38339024 PMCID: PMC10855171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a multistep biochemical process that maintains the integrity of the genome. Unlike other mechanisms that maintain genomic integrity, NER is distinguished by two irreversible nucleolytic events that are executed by the xeroderma pigmentosum group G (XPG) and xeroderma pigmentosum group F (XPF) structure-specific endonucleases. Beyond nucleolysis, XPG and XPF regulate the overall efficiency of NER through various protein-protein interactions. The current experiments evaluated whether an environmental stressor could negatively affect the expression of Xpg (Ercc5: excision repair cross-complementing 5) or Xpf (Ercc4: excision repair cross-complementing 4) in the mammalian cochlea. Ubiquitous background noise was used as an environmental stressor. Gene expression levels for Xpg and Xpf were quantified from the cochlear neurosensory epithelium after noise exposure. Further, nonlinear cochlear signal processing was investigated as a functional consequence of changes in endonuclease expression levels. Exposure to stressful background noise abrogated the expression of both Xpg and Xpf, and these effects were associated with pathological nonlinear signal processing from receptor cells within the mammalian inner ear. Given that exposure to environmental sounds (noise, music, etc.) is ubiquitous in daily life, sound-induced limitations to structure-specific endonucleases might represent an overlooked genomic threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- O'neil W Guthrie
- Cell & Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
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Kouka M, Bevern N, Bitter J, Guntinas-Lichius O. N-Acetylcysteine combined with prednisolone treatment shows better hearing outcome than treatment with prednisolone alone for patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a retrospective observational study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 281:107-116. [PMID: 37392235 PMCID: PMC10764364 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08097-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Internationally, corticosteroids are still the mainstay treatment for patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL). This is a retrospective monocentric study investing the impact of adding N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to prednisolone treatment on patients with ISSHL at a tertiary university otorhinolaryngology department. METHODS 793 patients (median age 60 years; 50.9% women) with a new diagnosis of ISSHL from 2009 to 2015 were included in the study. 663 patients received NAC administration in addition to standard tapered prednisolone treatment. Univariate and multivariable analysis were performed to identify independent factors regarding negative prognosis of hearing recovery. RESULTS Mean initial ISSHL and hearing gain after treatment in 10-tone pure tone audiometry (PTA) were 54.8 ± 34.5 dB and 15.2 ± 21.2 dB, respectively. In univariate analysis, treatment with prednisolone and NAC was associated with a positive prognosis of hearing recovery in the Japan classification in 10-tone PTA. In multivariable analysis on Japan classification in 10-tone PTA including all significant factors from univariate analysis, negative prognosis of hearing recovery were age > median (odds ratio [OR] 1.648; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.139-2.385; p = 0.008), diseased opposite ear (OR 3.049; CI 2.157-4.310; p < 0.001), pantonal ISSHL (OR 1.891; CI 1.309-2.732; p = 0.001) and prednisolone alone without NAC treatment (OR 1.862; CI 1.200-2.887; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Prednisolone treatment combined with NAC resulted in better hearing outcomes in patients with ISSHL than treatment without NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mussab Kouka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Nils Bevern
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Bitter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Orlando Guntinas-Lichius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
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Zhou Y, Fang C, Yuan L, Guo M, Xu X, Shao A, Zhang A, Zhou D. Redox homeostasis dysregulation in noise-induced hearing loss: oxidative stress and antioxidant treatment. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 52:78. [PMID: 38082455 PMCID: PMC10714662 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-023-00686-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Noise exposure is an important cause of acquired hearing loss. Studies have found that noise exposure causes dysregulated redox homeostasis in cochlear tissue, which has been recognized as a signature feature of hearing loss. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in many diseases via very complex and diverse mechanisms and targets. Reactive oxygen species are products of oxidative stress that exert toxic effects on a variety of physiological activities and are considered significant in noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Endogenous cellular antioxidants can directly or indirectly counteract oxidative stress and regulate intracellular redox homeostasis, and exogenous antioxidants can complement and enhance this effect. Therefore, antioxidant therapy is considered a promising direction for NIHL treatment. However, drug experiments have been limited to animal models of NIHL, and these experiments and related observations are difficult to translate in humans; therefore, the mechanisms and true effects of these drugs need to be further analyzed. This review outlines the effects of oxidative stress in NIHL and discusses the main mechanisms and strategies of antioxidant treatment for NIHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhou
- Health Management Center, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Chaoyou Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengchen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Danyang Zhou
- Health Management Center, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Shahtaheri SJ, Goodarzi Z, Karami E, Khavanin A, Khansari MG, Kiani M, Rashidy-Pour A. Effects of acute exposure to Al 2O 3-NPs (α and γ) and white noise and their combination on cochlea structure and function in Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:89859-89876. [PMID: 37460886 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28745-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss induced by noise and combinations of factors is a common occupational disease among workers. This study aimed to investigate the impact of acute exposure to white noise and Al2O3 NPs, alone and in combination, on changes in the hearing and structural functions of the cochlea in rats. Thirty-six rats were randomly assigned to one of six groups: Control, acute exposure to white noise, exposure to γ-Al2O3 NPs, exposure to noise plus γ-Al2O3 NPs, exposure to α-Al2O3 NPs, and exposure to the combination of noise plus α-Al2O3 NPs. TTS and PTS were examined using DPOAE, while oxidative index (MDA, GSH-Px), gene expression (NOX3, TGF-ß, CYP1A1), protein expression (ß-Tubulin, Myosin VII), and histopathological changes were examined in the cochlea. The morphology of Al2O3 NPs was examined by TEM. The results of the DPOAE test showed a significant increase in TTS in all groups and an increase in PTS in the groups exposed to noise, γ-Al2O3 NPs, and a combination of noise plus Al2O3 NPs (P < 0.05). In the group exposed to white noise plus Al2O3 NPs, the MDA levels increased, the level of GSH-Px decreased, and the expression percentage of ß-Tubulin and Myosin VII decreased, while the expression of NOX3, TGF-ß, and CYP1A1 (except for the α-Al2O3 NPs group) significantly increased (P < 0.05). Histopathological changes of the cochlea indicated damage to hair and ganglion cells, which was more severe in the combined exposure group. The combined and independent exposure to white noise and Al2O3 NPs damaged hair and ganglion cells for high-frequency perception, affecting the function and structure of the cochlea and leading to TTS and PTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Jamaleddin Shahtaheri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Goodarzi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Karami
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Khavanin
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghazi Khansari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrafarin Kiani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Sakai M, Yu Z, Taniguchi M, Picotin R, Oyama N, Stellwagen D, Ono C, Kikuchi Y, Matsui K, Nakanishi M, Yoshii H, Furuyashiki T, Abe T, Tomita H. N-Acetylcysteine Suppresses Microglial Inflammation and Induces Mortality Dose-Dependently via Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043798. [PMID: 36835209 PMCID: PMC9968039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant that prevents tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced cell death, but it also acts as a pro-oxidant, promoting reactive oxygen species independent apoptosis. Although there is plausible preclinical evidence for the use of NAC in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, deleterious side effects are still of concern. Microglia, key innate immune cells in the brain, play an important role in inflammation in psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial and deleterious effects of NAC on microglia and stress-induced behavior abnormalities in mice, and its association with microglial TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) production. The microglial cell line MG6 was stimulated by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using NAC at varying concentrations for 24 h. NAC inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and NO synthesis, whereas high concentrations (≥30 mM) caused MG6 mortality. Intraperitoneal injections of NAC did not ameliorate stress-induced behavioral abnormalities in mice, but high-doses induced microglial mortality. Furthermore, NAC-induced mortality was alleviated in microglial TNF-α-deficient mice and human primary M2 microglia. Our findings provide ample evidence for the use of NAC as a modulating agent of inflammation in the brain. The risk of side effects from NAC on TNF-α remains unclear and merits further mechanistic investigations.
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Grants
- 20dm0107099h0005, JP19dm0107099, JP18ek0109183, JP22gm0910012, and JP22wm0425001 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, the Strategic Research Program for Brain Sciences, and the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- KAKENHI 21390329, 16K07210, 18H05429, 21H04812, and 19K16372 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- No. 24116007 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Sakai
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Zhiqian Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-22-717-7261
| | - Masayuki Taniguchi
- Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Rosanne Picotin
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nanami Oyama
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - David Stellwagen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Chiaki Ono
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshie Kikuchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ko Matsui
- Super-network Brain Physiology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Miharu Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hatsumi Yoshii
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Furuyashiki
- Division of Pharmacology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Regenerative and Biomedical Engineering Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tomita
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, International Research Institute for Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8573, Japan
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Paik CB, Pei M, Oghalai JS. Review of blast noise and the auditory system. Hear Res 2022; 425:108459. [PMID: 35181171 PMCID: PMC9357863 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The auditory system is particularly vulnerable to blast injury due to the ear's role as a highly sensitive pressure transducer. Over the past several decades, studies have used a variety of animal models and experimental procedures to recreate blast-induced acoustic trauma. Given the developing nature of this field and our incomplete understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying blast-related auditory disturbances, an updated discussion about these studies is warranted. Here, we comprehensively review well-established blast-related auditory pathology including tympanic membrane perforation and hair cell loss. In addition, we discuss important mechanistic studies that aim to bridge gaps in our current understanding of the molecular and microstructural events underlying blast-induced cochlear, auditory nerve, brainstem, and central auditory system damage. Key findings from the recent literature include the association between endolymphatic hydrops and cochlear synaptic loss, blast-induced neuroinflammatory markers in the peripheral and central auditory system, and therapeutic approaches targeting biochemical markers of blast injury. We conclude that blast is an extreme form of noise exposure. Blast waves produce cochlear damage that appears similar to, but more extreme than, the standard noise exposure protocols used in auditory research. However, experimental variations in studies of blast-induced acoustic trauma make it challenging to compare and interpret data across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie B Paik
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Michelle Pei
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - John S Oghalai
- Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA.
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Chen SL, Ho CY, Chin SC. Effects of oral N-acetylcysteine combined with oral prednisolone on idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29792. [PMID: 35777063 PMCID: PMC9239607 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is an acute condition that presents with sudden hearing loss, for which steroids remain the main treatment. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), as a precursor of glutathione, can reduce the production of reactive oxygen species to protect hair cells in the inner ear from damage. However, data regarding the therapeutic outcomes of oral steroid combined with oral NAC for ISSNHL are still limited. This study was performed to investigate this issue. METHODS Between June 2016 and October 2021, 219 patients (219 ears) diagnosed with ISSNHL and treated with oral prednisolone were enrolled in this retrospective study. Oral NAC was prescribed to 94 of these patients (NAC group) but not to the remaining 125 patients (non-NAC group). The clinical and audiological findings were assessed. RESULTS The NAC group showed a mean hearing level gain of 29.5 ± 21.8 dB, speech reception threshold (SRT) gain of 26.2 ± 34.4 dB, and speech discrimination score (SDS) gain of 25.5 ± 30.4%. Although the NAC group had better mean hearing level, SRT, and SDS gains than the non-NAC group, the differences were not statistically significant (all P > .05). The only significant difference between the NAC and non-NAC groups was the posttreatment pure tone audiometry (PTA) thresholds at 8 kHz, which were 54.2 ± 24.4 and 60.9 ± 34.1 dB, respectively (P = .046). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the effect of oral steroid combined with oral NAC for ISSNHL. Both the NAC and non-NAC groups showed obvious improvement in all PTA thresholds, as well as mean hearing level, SRT, and SDS gains. The NAC group showed significantly better PTA performance at a high frequency (8 kHz) than the non-NAC group. Therefore, for oral treatment of ISSNHL, we advocate concurrent use of oral prednisolone and oral NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Lung Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Shih-Lung Chen, MD, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu-Shin Street, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 333 (e-mail: )
| | - Chia-Ying Ho
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shy-Chyi Chin
- School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
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Blebea CM, Ujvary LP, Necula V, Dindelegan MG, Perde-Schrepler M, Stamate MC, Cosgarea M, Maniu AA. Current Concepts and Future Trends in Increasing the Benefits of Cochlear Implantation: A Narrative Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:747. [PMID: 35744010 PMCID: PMC9229893 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most common neurosensory disorder, and with the constant increase in etiological factors, combined with early detection protocols, numbers will continue to rise. Cochlear implantation has become the gold standard for patients with severe hearing loss, and interest has shifted from implantation principles to the preservation of residual hearing following the procedure itself. As the audiological criteria for cochlear implant eligibility have expanded to include patients with good residual hearing, more attention is focused on complementary development of otoprotective agents, electrode design, and surgical approaches. The focus of this review is current aspects of preserving residual hearing through a summary of recent trends regarding surgical and pharmacological fundamentals. Subsequently, the assessment of new pharmacological options, novel bioactive molecules (neurotrophins, growth factors, etc.), nanoparticles, stem cells, and gene therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Maria Blebea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (C.M.B.); (V.N.); (M.G.D.); (M.C.S.); (M.C.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Laszlo Peter Ujvary
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (C.M.B.); (V.N.); (M.G.D.); (M.C.S.); (M.C.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Violeta Necula
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (C.M.B.); (V.N.); (M.G.D.); (M.C.S.); (M.C.); (A.A.M.)
- County Clinical Emergency Hospital Cluj, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Maximilian George Dindelegan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (C.M.B.); (V.N.); (M.G.D.); (M.C.S.); (M.C.); (A.A.M.)
| | | | - Mirela Cristina Stamate
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (C.M.B.); (V.N.); (M.G.D.); (M.C.S.); (M.C.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Marcel Cosgarea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (C.M.B.); (V.N.); (M.G.D.); (M.C.S.); (M.C.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Alma Aurelia Maniu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania; (C.M.B.); (V.N.); (M.G.D.); (M.C.S.); (M.C.); (A.A.M.)
- County Clinical Emergency Hospital Cluj, 400347 Cluj Napoca, Romania
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Alvarado JC, Fuentes-Santamaría V, Juiz JM. Frailty Syndrome and Oxidative Stress as Possible Links Between Age-Related Hearing Loss and Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:816300. [PMID: 35115905 PMCID: PMC8804094 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.816300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As it is well known, a worldwide improvement in life expectancy has taken place. This has brought an increase in chronic pathologies associated with aging. Cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, psychiatric, and neurodegenerative conditions are common in elderly subjects. As far as neurodegenerative diseases are concerned dementias and particularly, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) occupy a central epidemiological position given their high prevalence and their profound negative impact on the quality of life and life expectancy. The amyloid cascade hypothesis partly explains the immediate cause of AD. However, limited therapeutical success based on this hypothesis suggests more complex remote mechanisms underlying its genesis and development. For instance, the strong association of AD with another irreversible neurodegenerative pathology, without curative treatment and complex etiology such as presbycusis, reaffirms the intricate nature of the etiopathogenesis of AD. Recently, oxidative stress and frailty syndrome have been proposed, independently, as key factors underlying the onset and/or development of AD and presbycusis. Therefore, the present review summarizes recent findings about the etiology of the above-mentioned neurodegenerative diseases, providing a critical view of the possible interplay among oxidative stress, frailty syndrome, AD and presbycusis, that may help to unravel the common mechanisms shared by both pathologies. This knowledge would help to design new possible therapeutic strategies that in turn, will improve the quality of life of these patients.
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12
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Haryuna TSH, Amellya D, Munir D, Zubaidah TSH. The Benefits of Curcuminoid to Expression Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 Related Factor 2 (NRF2) and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) Value in the Noise Exposed Organ of Corti of Rattus Norvegicus. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 10:373-379. [PMID: 34981013 PMCID: PMC8718775 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.10.3.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) can cause damage to the cochlea. Curcumin and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) are transcription activators that play a crucial role in defence mechanisms against oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of curcuminoid administration on NRF2 expression, in the organ of Corti of cochlea of Rattus norvegicus that were exposed to noise, from the results of the distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) examination. METHODS We divided 36 rats into six groups including Group 1 (control); Group 2 (noise exposure without curcuminoid administration); Group 3 (noise exposure+curcuminoid dose 100 mg/day for four days); Group 4 (noise exposure+curcuminoid dose 200 mg/day for four days); Group 5 (curcuminoid dose of 100 mg/day for 14 days followed by two days of noise exposure); Group 6 (curcuminoid dose 200 mg/day for 14 days followed by two days of noise exposure). RESULTS Following noise exposure in rats, there was an effect/correlation between NRF2 expression, the SNR values obtained from DPOAE and curcuminoid administration. CONCLUSION There was a correlation between curcuminoid administration, NRF2 expression and DPOAE treatment. Following noise exposure in rats (Rattus norvegicus), SNR values obtained from DPOAE showed improved cochlear function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengku Siti Hajar Haryuna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara, 20155, Indonesia.
| | - Diana Amellya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara, 20155, Indonesia.
| | - Delfitri Munir
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara, 20155, Indonesia.
| | - Tengku Siti Harilza Zubaidah
- Department of Ophtalmology, Faculty of medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara, 20155, Indonesia.
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Varela-Nieto I, Murillo-Cuesta S, Rodríguez-de la Rosa L, Oset-Gasque MJ, Marco-Contelles J. Use of Radical Oxygen Species Scavenger Nitrones to Treat Oxidative Stress-Mediated Hearing Loss: State of the Art and Challenges. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:711269. [PMID: 34539349 PMCID: PMC8440819 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.711269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrones are potent antioxidant molecules able to reduce oxidative stress by trapping reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The antioxidant potential of nitrones has been extensively tested in multiple models of human diseases. Sensorineural hearing loss has a heterogeneous etiology, genetic alterations, aging, toxins or exposure to noise can cause damage to hair cells at the organ of Corti, the hearing receptor. Noxious stimuli share a battery of common mechanisms by which they cause hair cell injury, including oxidative stress, the generation of free radicals and redox imbalance. Therefore, targeting oxidative stress-mediated hearing loss has been the subject of much attention. Here we review the chemistry of nitrones, the existing literature on their use as antioxidants and the general state of the art of antioxidant treatments for hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Varela-Nieto
- Institute for Biomedical Research “Alberto Sols,” Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Murillo-Cuesta
- Institute for Biomedical Research “Alberto Sols,” Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Rodríguez-de la Rosa
- Institute for Biomedical Research “Alberto Sols,” Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Oset-Gasque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Neurochemistry Research, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of General Organic Chemistry, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Kador PF, Salvi R. Multifunctional Redox Modulators Protect Auditory, Visual, and Cognitive Function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 36:1136-1157. [PMID: 34162214 PMCID: PMC9221172 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Oxidative stress contributes to vision, hearing and neurodegenerative disorders. Currently, no treatments prevent these disorders; therefore, there is an urgent need for redox modulators that can prevent these disorders. Recent Advances: Oxidative stress is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species, metal dyshomeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we discuss the role that oxidative stress and metal dyshomeostasis play in hearing loss, visual impairments, and neurodegeneration and discuss the benefits of a new class of multifunctional redox modulators (MFRMs) that suppress sensory and neural degeneration. MFRMs not only reduce free radicals but also independently bind transition metals associated with the generation of hydroxyl radicals. The MFRMs redistribute zinc from neurotoxic amyloid beta zinc (Aβ:Zn) complexes to the cytoplasm, facilitating the degradation of Aβ plaques by matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2). Although MFRMs bind copper (Cu1+, Cu2+), iron (Fe2+, Fe3+), zinc (Zn2+), and manganese (Mn2+), they do not deplete free cytoplasmic Zn+2 and they protect mitochondria from Mn+2-induced dysfunction. Oral administration of MFRMs reduce ROS-induced cataracts, protect the retina from light-induced degeneration, reduce neurotoxic Aβ:Zn plaque formation, and protect auditory hair cells from noise-induced hearing loss. Critical Issues: Regulation of redox balance is essential for clinical efficacy in maintaining sensory functions. Future Directions: Future use of these MFRMs requires additional pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, and toxicological data to bring them into widespread clinical use. Additional animal studies are also needed to determine whether MFRMs can prevent neurodegeneration, dementia, and other forms of vision and hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F. Kador
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Richard Salvi
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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15
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Jaudoin C, Carré F, Gehrke M, Sogaldi A, Steinmetz V, Hue N, Cailleau C, Tourrel G, Nguyen Y, Ferrary E, Agnely F, Bochot A. Transtympanic injection of a liposomal gel loaded with N-acetyl-L-cysteine: A relevant strategy to prevent damage induced by cochlear implantation in guinea pigs? Int J Pharm 2021; 604:120757. [PMID: 34058306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Patients with residual hearing can benefit from cochlear implantation. However, insertion can damage cochlear structures and generate oxidative stress harmful to auditory cells. The antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is a precursor of glutathione (GSH), a powerful endogenous antioxidant. NAC local delivery to the inner ear appeared promising to prevent damage after cochlear implantation in animals. NAC-loaded liposomal gel was specifically designed for transtympanic injection, performed both 3 days before and on the day of surgery. Hearing thresholds were recorded over 30 days in implanted guinea pigs with and without NAC. NAC, GSH, and their degradation products, N,N'-diacetyl-L-cystine (DiNAC) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were simultaneously quantified in the perilymph over 15 days in non-implanted guinea pigs. For the first time, endogenous concentrations of GSH and GSSG were determined in the perilymph. Although NAC-loaded liposomal gel sustained NAC release in the perilymph over 15 days, it induced hearing loss in both implanted and non-implanted groups with no perilymphatic GSH increase. Under physiological conditions, NAC appeared poorly stable within liposomes. As DiNAC was quantified at concentrations which were twice as high as NAC in the perilymph, it was hypothesized that DiNAC could be responsible for the adverse effects on hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Jaudoin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Fabienne Carré
- Inserm/Institut Pasteur, Institut de l'audition, Technologies et thérapie génique pour la surdité, 63 rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France.
| | - Maria Gehrke
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Audrey Sogaldi
- UMS IPSIT, SAMM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Vincent Steinmetz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Nathalie Hue
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Catherine Cailleau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Guillaume Tourrel
- Oticon Medical/Neurelec SAS, Research & Technology Department, 2720 chemin Saint-Bernard, Vallauris, France.
| | - Yann Nguyen
- Inserm/Institut Pasteur, Institut de l'audition, Technologies et thérapie génique pour la surdité, 63 rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, DMU ChIR, Service ORL, GRC Robotique et Innovation Chirurgicale, 47-83, boulevard de l'hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Evelyne Ferrary
- Inserm/Institut Pasteur, Institut de l'audition, Technologies et thérapie génique pour la surdité, 63 rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France.
| | - Florence Agnely
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Amélie Bochot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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Lu J, West MB, Du X, Cai Q, Ewert DL, Cheng W, Nakmali D, Li W, Huang X, Kopke RD. Electrophysiological assessment and pharmacological treatment of blast-induced tinnitus. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0243903. [PMID: 33411811 PMCID: PMC7790300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus, the phantom perception of sound, often occurs as a clinical sequela of auditory traumas. In an effort to develop an objective test and therapeutic approach for tinnitus, the present study was performed in blast-exposed rats and focused on measurements of auditory brainstem responses (ABRs), prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response, and presynaptic ribbon densities on cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs). Although the exact mechanism is unknown, the “central gain theory” posits that tinnitus is a perceptual indicator of abnormal increases in the gain (or neural amplification) of the central auditory system to compensate for peripheral loss of sensory input from the cochlea. Our data from vehicle-treated rats supports this rationale; namely, blast-induced cochlear synaptopathy correlated with imbalanced elevations in the ratio of centrally-derived ABR wave V amplitudes to peripherally-derived wave I amplitudes, resulting in behavioral evidence of tinnitus. Logistic regression modeling demonstrated that the ABR wave V/I amplitude ratio served as a reliable metric for objectively identifying tinnitus. Furthermore, histopathological examinations in blast-exposed rats revealed tinnitus-related changes in the expression patterns of key plasticity factors in the central auditory pathway, including chronic loss of Arc/Arg3.1 mobilization. Using a formulation of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and disodium 2,4-disulfophenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (HPN-07) as a therapeutic for addressing blast-induced neurodegeneration, we measured a significant treatment effect on preservation or restoration of IHC ribbon synapses, normalization of ABR wave V/I amplitude ratios, and reduced behavioral evidence of tinnitus in blast-exposed rats, all of which accorded with mitigated histopathological evidence of tinnitus-related neuropathy and maladaptive neuroplasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Lu
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Matthew B. West
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Xiaoping Du
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Qunfeng Cai
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Donald L. Ewert
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Weihua Cheng
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Don Nakmali
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Wei Li
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Xiangping Huang
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Richard D. Kopke
- Hough Ear Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Departments of Physiology and Otolaryngology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abbasi M, Pourrajab B, Tokhi MO. Protective effects of vitamins/antioxidants on occupational noise-induced hearing loss: A systematic review. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12217. [PMID: 33788342 PMCID: PMC8011460 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) due to industrial, military, and other job -related noise exposure can cause harmful health issues to occupied workers, but may also be potentially preventable. Vitamins/antioxidant have been studied as therapeutic strategies to prevent and/or delay the risks of human diseases as well as NIHL .So, this study was conducted to systematically review the protective effects of vitamins/antioxidants on occupational NIHL. METHODS Online databases including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were systematically searched up to 12 January 2021. Based on 6336 potentially relevant records identified through the initial search in the databases, 12 full-text publications were retrieved, one of which can be viewed as two separate trials, because it has studied the effects of two different antioxidants (ginseng and NAC) on NIHL, separately. RESULTS A review of the studies shows that vitamin B12, folic acid, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) have a considerable protective effect on NIHL. However, these protective effects are not yet specified in different frequencies. The findings regarding the protective effects of other antioxidants are inconsistent in this field. CONCLUSION Vitamin B12, folic acid, and NAC may have a protective effect as an antioxidant on reducing occupational hearing loss. For a conclusive evidence of vitamin/antioxidant protective therapies, future studies with precise criteria for noise exposure and similar outcome parameters are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Abbasi
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterSaveh University of Medical SciencesSavehIran
| | - Behnaz Pourrajab
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTeheranIran
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Chen KH, Su SB, Chen KT. An overview of occupational noise-induced hearing loss among workers: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and preventive measures. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:65. [PMID: 33129267 PMCID: PMC7603754 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00906-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONIHL) is the most prevalent occupational disease in the world. The goal of this study was to review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and preventive measures of ONIHL among workers and provide evidence for the implementation of control measures. Literature studies were identified from the MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using the search terms “noise-induced hearing loss” “prevalence”, “pathogenesis”, and “preventive measures”. The articles reviewed in this report were limited from 2000 to 2020. Articles that were not published in the English language, manuscripts without an abstract, and opinion articles were excluded. After a preliminary screening, all of the articles were reviewed and synthesized to provide an overview of the current status of ONIHL among workers. The mechanism of ONIHL among workers is a complex interaction between environmental and host factors (both genetic and acquired factors). The outcomes of noise exposure are different among individual subjects. Clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the treatment effect of antioxidants on ONIHL. Noise exposure may contribute to temporary or permanent threshold shifts; however, even temporary threshold shifts may predispose an individual to eventual permanent hearing loss. Noise prevention programs are an important preventive measure in reducing the morbidity of ONIHL among workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou-Huang Chen
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Sanming University, Sanming, 365, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shih-Bin Su
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Kow-Tong Chen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital (managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), No. 670, Chongde Road, East District, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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19
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Alvarado JC, Fuentes-Santamaría V, Juiz JM. Antioxidants and Vasodilators for the Treatment of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: Are They Really Effective? Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:226. [PMID: 32792910 PMCID: PMC7387569 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We live in a world continuously immersed in noise, an environmental, recreational, and occupational factor present in almost every daily human activity. Exposure to high-level noise could affect the auditory function of individuals at any age, resulting in a condition called noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Given that by 2018, more than 400 million people worldwide were suffering from disabling hearing loss and that about one-third involved noise over-exposure, which represents more than 100 million people, this hearing impairment represents a serious health problem. As of today, there are no therapeutic measures available to treat NIHL. Conventional preventive measures, including public awareness and education and physical barriers to noise, do not seem to suffice, as the population is still being affected by damaging noise levels. Therefore, it is necessary to develop or test pharmacological agents that may prevent and/or diminish the impact of noise on hearing. Data availability about the pathophysiological processes involved in triggering NIHL has allowed researchers to use compounds, that could act as effective therapies, by targeting specific mechanisms such as the excess generation of free radicals and blood flow restriction to the cochlea. In this review, we summarize the advantages/disadvantages of these therapeutic agents, providing a critical view of whether they could be effective in the human clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Alvarado
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades, Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Verónica Fuentes-Santamaría
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades, Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - José M Juiz
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades, Neurológicas (IDINE), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, NIFE-VIANNA, Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all-German Research Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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20
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Evaluating the Efficacy of L-N-acetylcysteine and Dexamethasone in Combination to Provide Otoprotection for Electrode Insertion Trauma. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030716. [PMID: 32155788 PMCID: PMC7141216 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrode insertion trauma (EIT) during cochlear implantation (CI) can cause loss of residual hearing. L-N-acetylcysteine (L-NAC) and dexamethasone (Dex) have been individually shown to provide otoprotection albeit at higher concentrations that may be associated with adverse effects. Objective/Aims: The aim of this study is to determine whether L-NAC and Dex could be combined to decrease their effective dosage. MATERIALS AND METHODS The organ of Corti (OC) explants were divided into various groups: 1) control; 2) EIT; 3) EIT treated with different concentrations of Dex; 4) EIT treated with different concentrations of L-NAC; 5) EIT treated with L-NAC and Dex in combination. Hair cell (HC) density, levels of oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) was determined. RESULTS There was a significant loss of HCs in explants subjected to EIT compared to the control group. L-NAC and Dex in combination was able to provide significant otoprotection at lower concentrations compared to individual drugs. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE A combination containing L-NAC and Dex is effective in protecting sensory cells at lower protective doses than each compound separately. These compounds can be combined allowing a decrease of potential side effects of each compound and providing significant otoprotection for EIT.
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Novel oral multifunctional antioxidant prevents noise-induced hearing loss and hair cell loss. Hear Res 2020; 388:107880. [PMID: 31945692 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.107880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major contributor to noise-induced hearing loss, the most common cause of hearing loss among military personnel and young adults. HK-2 is a potent, orally-active, multifunctional, redox-modulating drug that has been shown to protect against a wide range of neurological disorders with no observed side effects. HK-2 protected cochlear HEI-OC1 cells against various forms of experimentally-induced oxidative stressors similar to those observed during and after intense noise exposure. The mechanisms by which HK-2 protects cells is twofold, first by its ability to reduce oxidative stress generated by free radicals, and second, by its ability to complex biologically active transition metals such as Fe+2, thus reducing their availability to participate in the Fenton reaction where highly toxic hydroxyl radicals are generated. For the rat in vivo studies, HK-2 provided significant protection against noise-induced hearing loss and hair cell loss. Noise-induced hearing loss was induced by an 8-16 kHz octave band noises presented for 8 h/d for 21 days at an intensity of 95 dB SPL. In the Prevention study, HK-2 was administered orally beginning 5 days before the start of the noise and ending 10 days after the noise. Treatment with HK-2 dose-dependently reduced the amount of noise-induced hearing impairment, reflected in the cochlear compound action potential, and noise-induced hair cell loss. In a subsequent Rescue experiment in which HK-2 was administered for 10 days starting after the noise was turned off, HK-2 also significantly reduced the amount of hearing impairment, but the effect size was substantially less than in the Prevention studies. HK-2 alone did not adversely affect HEI-OC1 cell viability, nor did it cause any adverse changes in rat body weight, behavior, cochlear function or hair cell integrity. Thus, HK-2 is a novel, safe, orally-deliverable and highly effective otoprotective compound with considerable potential for preventing hearing loss from noise and other hearing disorders linked to excessive oxidative stress.
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22
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Sekulic-Jablanovic M, Voronkova K, Bodmer D, Petkovic V. Combination of antioxidants and NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) inhibitor protects auditory hair cells from ototoxic insult. J Neurochem 2019; 154:519-529. [PMID: 31755556 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hair cell (HC) degeneration causes hearing loss in millions of people worldwide. Aminoglycoside exposure is one major cause of sensory HC damage. Aminoglycosides generate free radicals within the inner ear, permanently damaging sensory cells, and thus causing hearing loss. Hearing protection requires strategies to overcome the apparently irreversible loss of HCs in mammals. The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) inhibitor 11R-VIVIT reportedly protects HCs from gentamicin toxicity. Here we investigated whether the combination of 11R-VIVIT with the antioxidant L-carnitine or N-acetylcysteine could protect mouse cochlear HCs from gentamicin damage. Compared to single-component treatment, combined treatment with 11R-VIVIT plus L-carnitine yielded significant protection from gentamicin, and 11R-VIVIT plus N-acetylcysteine provided almost complete protection of HCs from gentamicin. Caspase activity in organ of Corti was significantly reduced by combined treatment with 11R-VIVIT + N-acetylcysteine + gentamicin, compared to 11R-VIVIT + gentamicin or gentamicin alone. Analysis of relative gene expression by qPCR revealed down-regulation of the pro-apoptotic genes Fasl and Casp9, and up-regulation of the antioxidant genes Hmox1 and Nrf2 after treatment with 11R-VIVIT + N-acetylcysteine + gentamicin, compared to single-compound treatment or gentamicin alone in cultures. Selective NFAT inhibition by 11R-VIVIT may be a good strategy for preventing gentamicin-induced HC damage. L-carnitine and N-acetylcysteine, with their ROS-reducing properties, contribute to the synergistic effectiveness with 11R-VIVIT by decreasing ROS-induced NFAT translocation. Our data suggest that a combined approach of NFAT inhibition together with an antioxidant, like N-acetylcysteine, could be useful for hearing loss treatment and/or prevention. Cover Image for this issue: https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.14759.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Bodmer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Clinic for Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vesna Petkovic
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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23
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Prasad KN, Bondy SC. Increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and glutamate: Potential preventive and therapeutic targets for hearing disorders. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 185:111191. [PMID: 31765645 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2019.111191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hearing disorders constitute one of the major health concerns in the USA. Decades of basic and clinical studies have identified numerous ototoxic agents and investigated their modes of action on the inner ear, utilizing tissue culture as well as animal and human models. Current preventive and therapeutic approaches are considered unsatisfactory. Therefore, additional modalities should be developed. Many studies suggest that increased levels of oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and glutamate play an important role in the initiation and progression of damage to the inner ear leading to hearing impairments. To prevent these cellular deficits, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and antagonists of glutamate receptor have been used individually or in combination with limited success. It is essential, therefore, to simultaneously enhance the levels of antioxidant enzymes by activating the Nrf2 (a nuclear transcriptional factor) pathway, dietary and endogenous antioxidant compounds, and B12-vitamins in order to reduce the levels of oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and glutamate at the same time. This review presents evidence to show that increased levels of these cellular metabolites, biochemical or factors are involved in the pathogenesis of cochlea leading to hearing impairments. It presents scientific rationale for the use of a mixture of micronutrients that may decrease the levels of oxidative damage, chronic inflammation, and glutamate at the same time. The benefits for using oral administration of proposed micronutrient mixture in humans are presented. Animal and limited human studies indirectly suggest that orally administered micronutrients can accumulate in the inner ear. Therefore, this route of administration may be useful in prevention, and in combination with standard care, in improved management of hearing problems following exposure to well-recognized and studied ototoxic agents, such as noise, cisplatin, aminoglycoside antibiotics, and advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadar N Prasad
- Engage Global, 245 El Faisan Drive, San Rafael, CA, 94903, United States.
| | - Stephen C Bondy
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-1830, United States
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24
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Jokel C, Yankaskas K, Robinette MB. Noise of military weapons, ground vehicles, planes and ships. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 146:3832. [PMID: 31795677 DOI: 10.1121/1.5134069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Noisy equipment and processes are found throughout military operations, exposing service members to risks of hearing damage due to hazardous noise levels. This article provides an overview of the military noise environment for the non-expert and provides a general characterization of the noise by source type and operational category. The focus of the article is primarily related to the Army, but the same, or similar, equipment is used by the Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force. Damage risk criteria used by the Army Public Health Command are discussed. In addition, the important role of hearing protection to mitigate the hazards of noise exposure is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Jokel
- Army Public Health Center, 8977 Sibert Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5403, USA
| | - Kurt Yankaskas
- Office of Naval Research, 875 N Randolph Street, Arlington, Virginia 22203, USA
| | - Martin B Robinette
- Army Public Health Center, 8977 Sibert Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5403, USA
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25
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Bielefeld EC, Harrison RT, Riley DeBacker J. Pharmaceutical otoprotection strategies to prevent impulse noise-induced hearing loss. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 146:3790. [PMID: 31795721 DOI: 10.1121/1.5132285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the ongoing challenges for hearing researchers is successful protection of the ear from noise injury. For decades, the most effective methods have been based on modifying the acoustic properties of the noise, either by reducing noise output from various sources, interfering in the acoustic exposure path with environmental controls, or altering the noise dose for the individual with personal hearing protection devices. Because of the inefficiencies of some of the acoustic modification procedures, pharmaceutical otoprotection is targeted at making the cochlea less susceptible to injury. Short-duration, high-level impulse noises, typically caused by small-scale explosions, cause different sets of injuries in the ear than long-duration, low-variance noise exposures. Therefore, the expectation is that the ears exposed to impulse noise may need different pharmaceutical interventions, both in type of compounds used and the time course of administration of the compounds. The current review discusses four different classes of compounds that have been tested as impulse noise otoprotectants. In the process of describing those experiments, particular emphasis is placed on the acoustic properties of the impulses used, with the goal of providing context for evaluating the relevance of these different models to human impulse noise-induced hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Bielefeld
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, The Ohio State University, 110 Pressey Hall, 1070 Carmack Road, Columbus, Ohio 43220, USA
| | - Ryan T Harrison
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, The Ohio State University, 110 Pressey Hall, 1070 Carmack Road, Columbus, Ohio 43220, USA
| | - J Riley DeBacker
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, The Ohio State University, 110 Pressey Hall, 1070 Carmack Road, Columbus, Ohio 43220, USA
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26
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Molina SJ, Buján GE, Rodriguez Gonzalez M, Capani F, Gómez-Casati ME, Guelman LR. Exposure of Developing Male Rats to One or Multiple Noise Sessions and Different Housing Conditions: Hippocampal Thioredoxin Changes and Behavioral Alterations. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:182. [PMID: 31456671 PMCID: PMC6700388 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of developing rats to noise has shown to induce hippocampal-related behavioral alterations that were prevented after a week of housing in an enriched environment. However, neither the effect of repeated exposures nor its impact on key endogenous antioxidants had been studied yet. Thus, the aim of the present work was to reveal novel data about hippocampal oxidative state through the measurement of possible age-related differences in the levels of hippocampal thioredoxins in rats exposed to noise at different developmental ages and subjected to different schemes and housing conditions. In addition, the possibility that oxidative changes could underlie hippocampal-related behavioral changes was also analyzed. Developing male Wistar rats were exposed to noise for 2 h, either once or for 5 days. Upon weaning, some animals were transferred to an enriched cage for 1 week, whereas others were kept in standard cages. One week later, auditory and behavioral assessments, as well as measurement of hippocampal thioredoxin, were performed. Whereas no changes in the auditory function were observed, significant behavioral differences were found, that varied according to the age, scheme of exposure and housing condition. In addition, a significant increase in Trx-1 levels was found in all noise-exposed groups housed in standard cages. Housing animals in an enriched environment for 1 week was effective in preventing most of these changes. These findings suggest that animals become less susceptible to undergo behavioral alterations after repeated exposure to an environmental challenge, probably due to the ability of adaptation to an unfavorable condition. Moreover, it could be hypothesized that damage to younger individuals could be more easily prevented by a housing manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Jazmín Molina
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Ezequiel Buján
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Medicina, Cátedra de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Francisco Capani
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas (ININCA, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Laura Ruth Guelman
- Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Medicina, Cátedra de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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27
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Bielefeld EC, Kobel MJ. Advances and Challenges in Pharmaceutical Therapies to Prevent and Repair Cochlear Injuries From Noise. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:285. [PMID: 31297051 PMCID: PMC6607696 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Noise induces a broad spectrum of pathological injuries to the cochlea, reflecting both mechanical damage to the delicate architecture of the structures of the organ of Corti and metabolic damage within the organ of Corti and lateral wall tissues. Unlike ototoxic medications, the blood-labyrinth barrier does not offer protection against noise injury. The blood-labyrinth barrier is a target of noise injury, and can be weakened as part of the metabolic pathologies in the cochlea. However, it also offers a potential for therapeutic intervention with oto-protective compounds. Because the blood-labyrinth barrier is weakened by noise, penetration of blood-borne oto-protective compounds could be higher. However, systemic dosing for cochlear protection from noise offers other significant challenges. An alternative option to systemic dosing is local administration to the cochlea through the round window membrane using a variety of drug delivery techniques. The review will discuss noise-induced cochlear pathology, including alterations to the blood-labyrinth barrier, and then transition into discussing approaches for delivery of oto-protective compounds to reduce cochlear injury from noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Bielefeld
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Megan J Kobel
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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28
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Fetoni AR, Paciello F, Rolesi R, Paludetti G, Troiani D. Targeting dysregulation of redox homeostasis in noise-induced hearing loss: Oxidative stress and ROS signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 135:46-59. [PMID: 30802489 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss caused by exposure to recreational and occupational noise remains a worldwide disabling condition and dysregulation of redox homeostasis is the hallmark of cochlear damage induced by noise exposure. In this review we discuss the dual function of ROS to both promote cell damage (oxidative stress) and cell adaptive responses (ROS signaling) in the cochlea undergoing a stressful condition such as noise exposure. We focus on animal models of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and on the function of exogenous antioxidants to maintaining a physiological role of ROS signaling by distinguishing the effect of exogenous "direct" antioxidants (i.e. CoQ10, NAC), that react with ROS to decrease oxidative stress, from the exogenous "indirect" antioxidants (i.e. nutraceutics and phenolic compounds) that can activate cellular redox enzymes through the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway. The anti-inflammatory properties of Nrf2 signaling are discussed in relation to the ROS/inflammation interplay in noise exposure. Unveiling the mechanisms of ROS regulating redox-associated signaling pathways is essential in providing relevant targets for innovative and effective therapeutic strategies against NIHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Fetoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; CNR Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Fabiola Paciello
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; CNR Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Rolando Rolesi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Troiani
- Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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29
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Abstract
There is an urgent need for otoprotective drug agents. Prevention of noise-induced hearing loss continues to be a major challenge for military personnel and workers in a variety of industries despite the requirements that at-risk individuals use hearing protection devices such as ear plugs or ear muffs. Drug-induced hearing loss is also a major quality-of-life issue with many patients experiencing clinically significant hearing loss as a side effect of treatment with life-saving drug agents such as cisplatin and aminoglycoside antibiotics. There are no pharmaceutical agents approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the purpose of protecting the inner ear against damage, and preventing associated hearing loss (otoprotection). However, a variety of preclinical studies have suggested promise, with some supporting data from clinical trials now being available as well. Additional research within this promising area is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen G Le Prell
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas
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30
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Habybabady RH, Mohammadi M, Mortazavi SB, Khavanin A, Mirzaei R, Malvajerdi MS. The effect of simultaneous exposure to cigarette smoke and noise on distortion product otoacoustic emissions in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:349-357. [PMID: 30971172 DOI: 10.1177/0748233719839865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a possible risk factor for hearing loss. However, the impact of simultaneous exposure to noise and smoke on hearing has remained controversial. This study investigated the combined effect of exposure to cigarette smoking and noise on hearing loss. Three groups of male Wistar rats (275 ± 25 g) were subjected to white noise (102 ± 0.5 dB), cigarette smoking (20 cigarettes), and both cigarette smoking and noise for 8 h and 10 days inside the exposure chamber. The control group was exposed to neither noise nor smoke. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) were measured before any intervention, and it was repeated 1, 7, and 21 days after the last exposure. One-day postexposure to noise, cigarette smoking, and both cigarette smoking and noise, the mean of DPOAE amplitudes decreased significantly ( p < 0.05) between, respectively, 5.7-30.7, 1.5-7.5, and 5.2-32.6 dB within the frequency range of 4620-9960. Temporal DPOAE change in rats exposed to noise or both cigarette smoking and noise was not significantly different ( p > 0.05). DPOAE amplitudes returned to the baseline values in the group subjected to smoking 21 days postexposure. The most permanent change was observed in rats exposed to both cigarette smoking and noise. Accordingly, simultaneous subacute exposure to noise and cigarette smoking increases the effect of noise on permanent hearing loss. Therefore, smoking workers exposed to noise might be at a greater risk of developing hearing loss, and it is recommended that authorities in charge take note of this evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Hashemi Habybabady
- 1 Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mohammadi
- 2 Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Seyed Bagher Mortazavi
- 3 Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khavanin
- 3 Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramazan Mirzaei
- 4 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Social determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sadeghi Malvajerdi
- 1 Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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31
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Buz PT, Duman FD, Erkisa M, Demirci G, Ari F, Ulukaya E, Acar HY. Development of near-infrared region luminescent N-acetyl-L-cysteine-coated Ag 2S quantum dots with differential therapeutic effect. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:969-987. [PMID: 30917096 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) is a free radical scavenger. We developed NAC-coated Ag2S (NAC-Ag2S) quantum dot (QD) as an optical imaging and therapeutic agent. MATERIALS & METHODS QDs were synthesized in water. Their optical imaging potential and toxicity were studied in vitro. RESULTS NAC-Ag2S QDs have strong emission, that is tunable between 748 and 840 nm, and are stable in biologically relevant media. QDs showed significant differences both in cell internalization and toxicity in vitro. QDs were quite toxic to breast and cervical cancer cells but not to lung derived cells despite the higher uptake. NAC-Ag2S reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) but causes cell death via DNA damage and apoptosis. CONCLUSION NAC-Ag2S QDs are stable and strong signal-generating theranostic agents offering selective therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Merve Erkisa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Gozde Demirci
- Graduate School of Materials Science & Engineering, Koc University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Ferda Ari
- Department of Biology, Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
| | - Engin Ulukaya
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Havva Yagci Acar
- Department of Chemistry, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,Surface Science & Technology Center (KUYTAM), Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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32
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Goncalves S, Goldstein BJ. Acute N-Acetylcysteine Administration Ameliorates Loss of Olfactory Neurons Following Experimental Injury In Vivo. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:626-633. [PMID: 30632702 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The olfactory epithelium (OE) is the peripheral organ for the sense of smell, housing primary sensory neurons that project axons from the nose to the brain. Due to the presence of a basal stem cell niche, the adult mammalian OE is a dynamic tissue capable of replacing neurons following their loss. Nonetheless, certain conditions, such as blunt head trauma, can result in persistent olfactory loss, thought to be due to shearing of olfactory nerve filaments at the skull base, degeneration, and failures in proper regeneration/reinnervation. The identification of new treatment strategies aimed at preventing degeneration of olfactory neurons is, therefore, needed. In considering potential therapies, we have focused on N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a glutathione substrate shown to be neuroprotective, with a record of safe clinical use. Here, we have tested the use of NAC in an animal model of olfactory degeneration. Administered acutely, we found that NAC (100 mg/kg, twice daily) resulted in a reduction of olfactory neuronal loss from the OE of the nose following surgical ablation of the olfactory bulb. At 1 week postlesion, we identified 54 ± 8.1 mature neurons per 0.5 mm epithelium in NAC-treated animals vs. 28 ± 4.2 in vehicle-treated controls (P = 0.02). Furthermore, in an olfactory cell culture model, we have identified significant alterations in the expression of several genes involved in oxidative stress pathways following NAC exposure. Our results provide evidence supporting the potential therapeutic utility for NAC acutely following head trauma-induced olfactory loss. Anat Rec, 303:626-633, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Goncalves
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Bradley J Goldstein
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Graduate Program in Neurosciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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Abstract
Sensorineural hearing impairment is the most common sensory disorder and a major health and socio-economic issue in industrialized countries. It is primarily due to the degeneration of mechanosensory hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea via complex pathophysiological mechanisms. These occur following acute and/or chronic exposure to harmful extrinsic (e.g., ototoxic drugs, noise...) and intrinsic (e.g., aging, genetic) causative factors. No clinical therapies currently exist to rescue the dying sensorineural cells or regenerate these cells once lost. Recent studies have, however, provided renewed hope, with insights into the therapeutic targets allowing the prevention and treatment of ototoxic drug- and noise-induced, age-related hearing loss as well as cochlear cell degeneration. Moreover, genetic routes involving the replacement or corrective editing of mutant sequences or defected genes are showing promise, as are cell-replacement therapies to repair damaged cells for the future restoration of hearing in deaf people. This review begins by recapitulating our current understanding of the molecular pathways that underlie cochlear sensorineural damage, as well as the survival signaling pathways that can provide endogenous protection and tissue rescue. It then guides the reader through to the recent discoveries in pharmacological, gene and cell therapy research towards hearing protection and restoration as well as their potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- INSERM UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Puel
- INSERM UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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34
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Habybabady RH, Mortazavi SB, Khavanin A, Mirzaei R, Arab MR, Mesbahzadeh B, Hoseini M, Mohammadi M. Protective Effects of N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine on the Density of Spiral Ganglion Cells and Histological Changes Induced by Continuous Noise Exposure in Rats. Malays J Med Sci 2018; 25:48-58. [PMID: 30914862 PMCID: PMC6419893 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2018.25.5.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noise exposure causes loss of cochlea hair cells, leading to permanent sensorineural hearing loss, and initiates pathological changes to the bipolar primary auditory neurons (ANs). This study focuses on the effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) in protecting the density of spiral ganglion cells and in histological changes induced by continuous noise exposure in rats. METHODS Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four experimental groups to receive NAC, saline, noise, or both noise and NAC. Noise exposure continued for ten days. Saline and NAC were injected daily during the noise exposure, and 2 days before and after the noise exposure. Evaluation of cochlear histopathology and the density of spiral ganglion cells was performed 21 days after exposure. RESULTS In the animals exposed to noise, a reduction in the density of spiral ganglion cells was evident in both the basal and middle turns of the cochlea. This improved on receiving NAC treatment (P = 0.046). In the histopathology evaluation, some histological changes, such as disorganised architecture of the outer hair and supporting cells and a slightly thickened basilar membrane, were found in the basal turns in the noise group. CONCLUSION NAC offered partial protection against noise exposure by improving the density of spiral ganglion cells and reducing morphological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Hashemi Habybabady
- Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Seyed Bagher Mortazavi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khavanin
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramazan Mirzaei
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Arab
- Cell and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Behzad Mesbahzadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mehran Hoseini
- Expert of Public Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mohammadi
- Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Balta B, Gundogdu R, Erdogan M, Alisik M, Kiraz A, Ozcan I, Erel O. Decreased disulphide/thiol ratio in patients with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 112:188-192. [PMID: 30055731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress plays a key role in the formation of age-related, noise-induced and drug-induced hearing loss. Thiols are organic compounds which can react with free radicals to protect against tissue and cell damage caused by reactive oxygen. There are no studies in literature on the association between autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss(ARNSHL) including GJB2 and non-GJB2 mutations and thiol-disulphide balance. In this study, we aim to assess whether thiol-disulphide balance is disrupted in patients with ARNSHL. METHODS Thirty-one ARNSHL patients and thirty-one healthy controls were included in this study. Patients whose parents were first degree cousins and who had at least two congenital hearing loss in the same family were included in the study. Audiological tests included air - bone pure tone audiometry and auditory brain stem response. GJB2 gene analysis was performed using sanger sequence method. Tests of thiol/disulphide homeostasis were conducted using the automated spectrophotometric method. We first investigated whether there was a significant difference between ARNSHL patients and healthy controls. Then, in order to determine the differential effect of the GJB2 gene mutations and non-GJB2 gene mutations on the thiol-disulphide balance, subjects were divided into three groups: Group 1 included patients with GJB2 mutations; Group 2 included patients with non-GJB2 mutations; Group 3 included healthy subjects. RESULTS Patients with ARNSHL had significantly higher native thiol (411.6 ± 54.3 μmol/l vs. 368.0 ± 64.3 μmol/l, p = 0.006), total thiol levels (440.3 ± 56.2 μmol/l vs. 402.4 ± 65.9 μmol/l, p = 0.018), and lower disulphide levels (14.3 ± 5.7 μmol/l) vs. (17.1 ± 4.9 μmol/l), (p = 0.043) compared to the control group. Moreover, disulphide /native thiol (p < 0.001) and disulphide/total thiol (p < 0.001) were also detected lower in the ARNSHL group compared to the control group. Thiol-disulphide hemostasis parameters between all three groups showed that the native thiol and total thiol were increased in the Group 1 and Group 2. The disulphide levels decreased in Group 1 and 2, although not statistically significant. CONCLUSION It was shown that thiol levels increased and disulphide levels decreased in patients with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss. It also may suggest that there is a reverse association between ARNSHL and oxidative stress. Further studies are needed on whether or not ARNSHL cause oxidative stress limited to the inner ear and cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhan Balta
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Ramazan Gundogdu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Murat Erdogan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Murat Alisik
- Department of Biochemistry, Yıldırım Beyazıd University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Aslihan Kiraz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Ibrahim Ozcan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Ozcan Erel
- Department of Biochemistry, Yıldırım Beyazıd University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Tillinger JA, Gupta C, Ila K, Ahmed J, Mittal J, Van De Water TR, Eshraghi AA. l-N-acetylcysteine protects outer hair cells against TNFα initiated ototoxicity in vitro. Acta Otolaryngol 2018. [PMID: 29513056 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2018.1440086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study is aimed at determining the efficacy and exploring the mechanisms by which l-N-acetylcysteine (l-NAC) provides protection against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα)-induced oxidative stress damage and hair cell loss in 3-day-old rat organ of Corti (OC) explants. Previous work has demonstrated a high level of oxidative stress in TNFα-challenged OC explants. TNFα can potentially play a significant role in hair cell loss following an insult to the inner ear. l-NAC has shown to provide effective protection against noise-induced hearing loss in laboratory animals but mechanisms of this otoprotective effect are not well-defined. DESIGN Rat OC explants were exposed to either: (1) saline control (N = 12); (2) TNFα (2 μg/ml, N = 12); (3) TNFα+l-NAC (5 mM, N = 12); (4) TNFα+l-NAC (10 mM, N = 12); or (5) l-NAC (10 mM, N = 12). Outer hair cell (OHC) density, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation of cell membranes, gluthathione activity, and mitochondrial viability were assayed. RESULTS l-NAC (5 and 10 mM) provided protection for OHCs from ototoxic level of TNFα in OC explants. Groups treated with TNFα+l-NAC (5 mM) showed a highly significant reduction of both ROS (p < 0.01) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal immunostaining (p < 0.001) compared to TNFα-challenged explants. Total glutathione levels were low in TNFα-challenged explants compared to control and TNFα+l-NAC (5 mM) treated explants (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS l-NAC is a promising treatment for protecting auditory HCs from TNFα-induced oxidative stress and subsequent loss via programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Tillinger
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research Laboratory, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Chhavi Gupta
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research Laboratory, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kadri Ila
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research Laboratory, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jamal Ahmed
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research Laboratory, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jeenu Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research Laboratory, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Thomas R. Van De Water
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research Laboratory, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Adrien A. Eshraghi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research Laboratory, Miller School of Medicine University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Park YH, Chung J, Lee MY, Lee DY, Kim YH. Cochlear Damage Caused by the Striking Noise of Titanium Head Golf Driver. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 12:18-26. [PMID: 29717571 PMCID: PMC6315213 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2017.01669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives. To investigate how mouse cochleae are affected by the striking noise of titanium head golf driver. Methods. Thirty-two BALB/c mice (20–22 g) with normal hearing were used. The impact acoustic stimulus generated by the striking of titanium golf driver head was centered around 4.5 kHz with 120.5 dB sound pressure level. The recorded impact noise was provided to mice in two ways with the same exposure time of 288 seconds: 1,440 repetitions and an impact duration of 0.2 seconds for 2 hours (repetitive noise) or serially connected impact noise for 288 seconds (continuous noise). Auditory brainstem responses were measured at baseline, day 7, and day 14 after exposure. The mice were then sacrificed for histology. Results. Both groups showed statistically significant threshold shifts immediately after noise exposure. Mice in the continuous exposure group, except for those exposed to 32 kHz noise, recovered from threshold shifts 1–2 weeks after noise exposure. However, in the repetitive exposure group, threshold shifts remained for 2 weeks after exposure. The repetitive exposure group had greater hair cell damage than did the continuous exposure group. Structural changes in the stria vascularis were observed in the repetitive exposure group. Conclusion. Overexposure to impact noise caused by hitting of titanium head golf driver may be hazardous to the cochlea, and repetitive exposure may induce greater damage than continuous exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ho Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Brain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Juyong Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Doh Young Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Muzaffar SJ, Orr L, Rickard RF, Coulson CJ, Irving RM. Mitigating noise-induced hearing loss after blast injury. TRAUMA-ENGLAND 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1460408618755191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Whilst hearing injuries are not life threatening they may have a profound impact on the victim’s ability to understand and interact with the world around them. Noise-induced hearing loss is a common occupational injury and hearing impairment as a consequence of noise and blast exposure remains the most common injury in both war and peace for military personnel. Health and Safety legislation has made an impact and in the future innovative approaches to mitigate against acoustic injury sustained in the work place will be fundamental. For the Armed Forces, noise exposure during conflict is unpredictable. Furthermore, recent events in the UK and elsewhere have highlighted the potential civilian impact of blast injuries on hearing in the acute setting. No well-established protocol for the management of acute, blast-induced hearing injury currently exists. Methods Narrative review is supported by electronic literature searches of PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Synthesis of published literature and production of flow charts for the acute setting are part of the Emergency Preparedness, Resilience and Response programme. Results Whilst there is a lack of high-quality randomised controlled trials, there are a number of studies that may inform our choice of acute management. Animal studies of acute acoustic trauma have shown the potential protective effects of corticosteroids. Human data may be extrapolated from sudden onset sensorineural hearing loss where again there is evidence for the use of corticosteroids. Less certainty exists around the use of other treatments including antioxidants. Intratympanic administration of corticosteroids may be superior to oral administration, particularly in the salvage setting. No evidence exists specifically pertaining to the paediatric population. Conclusion Prompt identification of any hearing deficit followed by administration of glucocorticoids either orally or via intratympanic preparations is the mainstay of management. Further research is needed to identify the optimum acute management.
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Affiliation(s)
- SJ Muzaffar
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - L Orr
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK
| | - RF Rickard
- Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK
| | - CJ Coulson
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - RM Irving
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Ding D, Jiang H, Chen GD, Longo-Guess C, Muthaiah VPK, Tian C, Sheppard A, Salvi R, Johnson KR. N-acetyl-cysteine prevents age-related hearing loss and the progressive loss of inner hair cells in γ-glutamyl transferase 1 deficient mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:730-50. [PMID: 26977590 PMCID: PMC4925825 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic factors combined with oxidative stress are major determinants of age-related hearing loss (ARHL), one of the most prevalent disorders of the elderly. Dwarf grey mice, Ggt1dwg/dwg, are homozygous for a loss of function mutation of the γ-glutamyl transferase 1 gene, which encodes an important antioxidant enzyme critical for the resynthesis of glutathione (GSH). Since GSH reduces oxidative damage, we hypothesized that Ggt1dwg/dwg mice would be susceptible to ARHL. Surprisingly, otoacoustic emissions and cochlear microphonic potentials, which reflect cochlear outer hair cell (OHC) function, were largely unaffected in mutant mice, whereas auditory brainstem responses and the compound action potential were grossly abnormal. These functional deficits were associated with an unusual and selective loss of inner hair cells (IHC), but retention of OHC and auditory nerve fibers. Remarkably, hearing deficits and IHC loss were completely prevented by N-acetyl-L-cysteine, which induces de novo synthesis of GSH; however, hearing deficits and IHC loss reappeared when treatment was discontinued. Ggt1dwg/dwgmice represent an important new model for investigating ARHL, therapeutic interventions, and understanding the perceptual and electrophysiological consequences of sensory deprivation caused by the loss of sensory input exclusively from IHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalian Ding
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Haiyan Jiang
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Guang-Di Chen
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | | | | | - Cong Tian
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Adam Sheppard
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Richard Salvi
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
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Prasad KN, Bondy SC. MicroRNAs in Hearing Disorders: Their Regulation by Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Antioxidants. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:276. [PMID: 28955205 PMCID: PMC5600967 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding single-stranded RNAs that bind to their complimentary sequences in the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTRs) of the target mRNAs that prevent their translation into the corresponding proteins. Since miRs are strongly expressed in cells of inner ear and play a role in regulating their differentiation, survival and function, alterations in their expression may be involved in the pathogenesis of hearing disorders. Although increased oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in initiation and progression of hearing disorders, it is unknown whether the mechanisms of damage produced by these biochemical events on inner ear cells are mediated by altering the expression of miRs. In neurons and non-neuronal cells, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines mediate their damaging effects by altering the expression of miRs. Preliminary data indicate that a similar mechanism of damage on hair cells produced by oxidative stress may exist in this disease. Antioxidants protect against hearing disorders induced by ototoxic agents or adverse health conditions; however, it is unknown whether the protective effects of antioxidants in hearing disorders are mediated by changing the expression of miRs. Antioxidants protect mammalian cells against oxidative damage by changing the expression of miRs. Therefore, it is proposed that a similar mechanism of protection by antioxidants against stress may be found in hearing disorders. This review article discusses novel concepts: (a) alterations in the expression of miRs may be involved in the pathogenesis of hearing disorders; (b) presents evidence from neurons and glia cells to show that oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines mediate their damaging effects by altering the expression of miRs; and proposes that a similar mechanism of damage by these biochemical events may be found in hearing loss; and (c) present data to show that antioxidants protect mammalian cells against oxidative by altering the expression of miRs. A similar role of antioxidants in protecting against hearing disorders is put forward. New studies are proposed to fill the gaps in the areas listed above.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen C Bondy
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, IrvineIrvine, CA, United States
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Souza MEDCAD, Costa KVTD, Vitorino PA, Bueno NB, Menezes PDL. Effect of antioxidant supplementation on the auditory threshold in sensorineural hearing loss: a meta-analysis. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 84:368-380. [PMID: 28888754 PMCID: PMC9449190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hearing loss is conceptualized as any impairment of the ability to hear and/or detect speech or environment sounds, regardless of cause, type, or degree. It may occur at different stages of life; during pregnancy or childbirth, in childhood, adulthood or old age. It should be noted that aging is the most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss followed by noise-induced hearing loss, and both are closely related to the formation of reactive oxygen species. Dietary antioxidant supplementation has been employed as a therapeutic strategy to prevent and/or delay the risks of major human diseases. OBJECTIVE To assess randomized clinical trials to determine the effect of antioxidant supplementation on the auditory thresholds in patients of different age groups with sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS This systematic review consisted of a search in the following databases: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO and ClinicalTrials.gov. Additionally, the gray literature was also searched. The search strategy included terms related to the intervention (antioxidant supplementation), primary outcome (sensorineural hearing loss), as well as terms related to randomized clinical trials to improve search sensitivity. RESULTS Based on 977 potentially relevant records identified through the search in the databases, ten full-text publications were retrieved for further evaluation. The increase in threshold at the 4kHz frequency was statistically higher in the control group (1.89 [1.01-2.78], p<0.0001) when compared to the NAC group and the ginseng group, whereas at 6kHz, the threshold increase was higher in the control group (1.42 [-1.14-3.97], p=0.28), but no statistically significant differences were found between groups. CONCLUSION Ginseng was the antioxidant agent that showed the best effect in preventing auditory threshold worsening at the frequency of 4kHz, but not at 6kHz in patients with sensorineural hearing loss caused by exposure to high sound pressure levels. There was no improvement in the thresholds with vitamin E supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paulo Augusto Vitorino
- Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas (UNCISAL), Laboratório de Audição e Tecnologia (LATEC), Maceió, AL, Brazil
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Adelman C, Perez R, Nazarian Y, Freeman S, Weinberger J, Sohmer H. Furosemide Administered before Noise Exposure can Protect the Ear. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2017; 119:342-9. [DOI: 10.1177/000348941011900512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives We assessed the effect of furosemide administration on noise-induced hearing loss. This drug reversibly elevates the auditory threshold by inducing a temporary reduction of the endocochlear potential and thereby suppresses the cochlear amplifier and active cochlear mechanics. Methods Mice were given a single injection of furosemide 30 minutes before exposure to 113 dB sound pressure level broadband noise. Control animals received saline solution. Furosemide was administered in other mice after the noise exposure. Auditory threshold shifts were assessed by recording auditory nerve brain stem evoked response (ABR) thresholds to broadband clicks. Results The mean ABR threshold in the group injected with furosemide and exposed to temporary threshold shift (TTS)-producing noise was elevated by 20.4 ± 12.3 dB, and that in the saline control group was elevated by 35.4 ± 18.3 dB (p < 0.02). The mean threshold elevations in the group injected with furosemide and exposed to permanent threshold shift (PTS)-producing noise and in the PTS saline control group were 15.0 ± 10.3 dB and 27.0 ± 12.7 dB, respectively (p < 0.01). Similar results were obtained when the PTS was assessed with an 8-kHz tone burst ABR. There was no significant difference in the PTS between mice given a single injection of furosemide and those given saline solution after the noise; this finding shows that furosemide is not acting as an antioxidant. Conclusions It appears that reversible hearing threshold elevation as a result of furosemide administration before noise exposure can reduce the TTS and PTS. This finding provides insight into the mechanism of noise-induced hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cahtia Adelman
- Department of Physiology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
| | - Ronen Perez
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yoram Nazarian
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharon Freeman
- Department of Physiology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
| | | | - Haim Sohmer
- Department of Physiology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School
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Clifford RE, Rogers RA. Impulse Noise: Theoretical Solutions to the Quandary of Cochlear Protection. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2017; 118:417-27. [DOI: 10.1177/000348940911800604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Workers in industries with impact noise, as well as soldiers exposed to supersonic blasts from armament and explosive devices, appear to be more at risk for hearing loss than are their counterparts exposed to continuous noise. Alternative considerations for hearing protection are dictated because of a disproportionately increased biophysical response in comparison to continuous noise. Impulse noise is a significant and distinct problem that requires a new strategy for hearing protection. A review of current clinical and occupational literature suggests that impulse noise may be more damaging than continuous sound. Statistical measurements such as kurtosis hold promise for the quantitative prediction of hearing loss. As sound energy to the cell increases, the mechanism of cochlear damage shifts from biochemical injury to mechanical injury. Outer hair cells appear to be more sensitive than inner hair cells to impulse noise because of their energy requirements, which lead to increased production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and self-destruction by apoptosis. Hearing protective devices currently in use for impulse noise include hunters' hearing devices, active noise-reduction headsets, and various in-ear plugs, including nonlinear reacting inserts. Existing equipment is hampered by the materials used and by present-day electronic technology. Antioxidants administered before sound exposure show promise in mitigating hearing loss in industrial and combat situations. New materials with improved damping, reflective, and absorption characteristics are required. Hearing protective devices that allow passage of ambient sound while blocking harmful noise might improve the compliance and safety of those exposed. Sensing devices that instantaneously and selectively hyperpolarize outer hair cells are discussed as alternate protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Royce E. Clifford
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rick A. Rogers
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Abstract
CONCLUSION Like NAC ameliorates hearing loss from acoustic trauma in the inner ear, NAC may also rescue hearing loss from sudden deafness confined to the inner ear. OBJECTIVE This study assesses the effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) as a single therapy for sudden deafness. METHODS Thirty-five sudden deafness patients with neither systemic disorders nor central signs in electronystagmography were treated with NAC alone and assigned to Group A. For comparison, another 35 sudden deafness patients treated by corticosteroids and plasma expander were assigned to Group B. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, laterality, and pre-treatment mean hearing level. All patients underwent an inner ear test battery comprising audiometry, and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP), cervical VEMP (cVEMP), and caloric tests. RESULTS Groups A and B did not significantly differ in the pre-treatment mean hearing level, and percentages of abnormal oVEMP, cVEMP, and caloric tests, indicating that the involvement severity of sudden deafness between the two groups was similar. However, Group A (43 ± 27 dB) showed significantly greater mean hearing gain than Group B (21 ± 28 dB), and Group A (91%) revealed better improved rate of hearing than Group B (57%).
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Chan DK, Rouse SL. Sound-Induced Intracellular Ca2+ Dynamics in the Adult Hearing Cochlea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167850. [PMID: 27959894 PMCID: PMC5154517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ signaling has been implicated in the initial pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the cochlea's response to acoustic overstimulation. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling (ICS) waves, which occur in glia and retinal cells in response to injury to activate cell regulatory pathways, have been proposed as an early event in cochlear injury. Disruption of ICS activity is thought to underlie Connexin 26-associated hearing loss, the most common genetic form of deafness, and downstream sequelae of ICS wave activity, such as MAP kinase pathway activation, have been implicated in noise-induced hearing loss. However, ICS waves have only been observed in neonatal cochlear cultures and are thought to be quiescent after the onset of hearing. In this study, we employ an acute explant model of an adult, hearing cochlea that retains many in vivo physiologic features to investigate Ca2+ changes in response to sound. We find that both slow monotonic changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration as well as discrete ICS waves occur with acoustic overstimulation. The ICS waves share many intrinsic features with their better-described neonatal counterparts, including ATP and gap-junction dependence, and propagation velocity and distance. This identification of ICS wave activity in the adult, hearing cochlea thus confirms and characterizes an important early detection mechanism for cochlear trauma and provides a target for interventions for noise-induced and Connexin 26-associated hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan K. Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Stephanie L. Rouse
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
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Pharmacological agents used for treatment and prevention in noise-induced hearing loss. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 273:4089-4101. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-016-3936-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Eshraghi AA, Roell J, Shaikh N, Telischi FF, Bauer B, Guardiola M, Bas E, Van De Water T, Rivera I, Mittal J. A novel combination of drug therapy to protect residual hearing post cochlear implant surgery. Acta Otolaryngol 2016; 136:420-4. [PMID: 26854005 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2015.1134809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Conclusions A cocktail combining NAC, Mannitol, and Dexamethasone may be used to prevent loss of residual hearing post-implantation. There is a window of opportunity to treat the cochlea before the onset of cell death in HCs. Objective Inner ear trauma caused by cochlear implant electrode insertion trauma (EIT) initiates multiple molecular mechanisms in hair cells (HCs) or support cells (SCs), resulting in initiation of programmed cell death within the damaged tissues of the cochlea, which leads to loss of residual hearing. In earlier studies L-N-acetylcysteine (L-NAC), Mannitol, and dexamethasone have been shown independently to protect the HCs loss against different types of inner ear trauma. These three molecules have different otoprotective effects. The goal of this preliminary study is to test the efficacy of a combination of these molecules to enhance the otoprotection of HCs against EIT. Methods OC explants were dissected from P-3 rats and placed in serum-free media. Explants were divided into control and experimental groups. CONTROL GROUP (1) untreated controls; (2) EIT. Experimental group: (1) EIT + L-NAC (5, 2, or 1 mM); (2) EIT + Mannitol (100, 50, or 10 mM); (3) EIT + Dex (20, 10, or 5 μg/mL); (4) EIT + L-NAC + Mannitol + Dex. After EIT was caused in an in-vitro model of CI, explants were cultured in media containing L-NAC alone, Mannitol alone, or Dex alone at decreasing concentrations. Concentrations of L-NAC, Mannitol, and Dex that showed 50% protection of hair cell loss individually were used as a combination in experimental group 4. Results There was an increase of total hair cell (THC) loss in the EIT OC explants when compared with control group HC counts or the tri-therapy cochlea. This study defined the dosage of L-NAC, Mannitol, and Dex for the survival of 50% protection of hair cells in vitro. Their combination provided close to 96% protection, demonstrating an additive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien A Eshraghi
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Jonathan Roell
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Noah Shaikh
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Fred F Telischi
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Blake Bauer
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Mateo Guardiola
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Esperanza Bas
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Thomas Van De Water
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Ileana Rivera
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Jeenu Mittal
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
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Choi SH, Choi CH. Noise-Induced Neural Degeneration and Therapeutic Effect of Antioxidant Drugs. J Audiol Otol 2015; 19:111-9. [PMID: 26771008 PMCID: PMC4704551 DOI: 10.7874/jao.2015.19.3.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary site of lesion induced by noise exposure is the hair cells in the organ of Corti and the primary neural degeneration occurs in synaptic terminals of cochlear nerve fibers and spiral ganglion cells. The cellular basis of noise-induced hearing loss is oxidative stress, which refers to a severe disruption in the balance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defense system in the cochlea by excessive production of free radicals induced by noise exposure. Oxidative stress has been identified by a variety of biomarkers to label free radical activity which include four-hydroxy-2-nonenal, nitrotyrosine, and malondialdehyde, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, cytochrome-C, and cascade-3, 8, 9. Furthermore, oxidative stress is contributing to the necrotic and apoptotic cell deaths in the cochlea. To counteract the known mechanisms of pathogenesis and oxidative stress induced by noise exposure, a variety of antioxidant drugs including oxygen-based antioxidants such as N-acetyl-L-cystein and acetyl-L-carnitine and nitrone-based antioxidants such as phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN), disufenton sodium, 4-hydroxy PBN, and 2, 4-disulfonyl PBN have been used in our laboratory. These antioxidant drugs were effective in preventing or treating noise-induced hearing loss. In combination with other antioxidants, antioxidant drugs showed a strong synergistic effect. Furthermore, successful use of antioxidant drugs depends on the optimal timing of treatment and the duration of treatment, which are highly related to the time window of free radical formation induced by noise exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hee Choi
- Department of Audiology & Speech Language Pathology, Research Institute of Biomimetic Sensory Control, and Catholic Hearing Voice Speech Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Chul-Hee Choi
- Department of Audiology & Speech Language Pathology, Research Institute of Biomimetic Sensory Control, and Catholic Hearing Voice Speech Center, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Korea
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Molina SJ, Miceli M, Guelman LR. Noise exposure and oxidative balance in auditory and extra-auditory structures in adult and developing animals. Pharmacological approaches aimed to minimize its effects. Pharmacol Res 2015; 109:86-91. [PMID: 26657417 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Noise coming from urban traffic, household appliances or discotheques might be as hazardous to the health of exposed people as occupational noise, because may likewise cause hearing loss, changes in hormonal, cardiovascular and immune systems and behavioral alterations. Besides, noise can affect sleep, work performance and productivity as well as communication skills. Moreover, exposure to noise can trigger an oxidative imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in different structures, which can contribute to tissue damage. In this review we systematized the information from reports concerning noise effects on cell oxidative balance in different tissues, focusing on auditory and non-auditory structures. We paid specific attention to in vivo studies, including results obtained in adult and developing subjects. Finally, we discussed the pharmacological strategies tested by different authors aimed to minimize the damaging effects of noise on living beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Molina
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, UBA and Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, UBA-CEFYBO-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Miceli
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, UBA and Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, UBA-CEFYBO-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L R Guelman
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, UBA and Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, UBA-CEFYBO-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Up to 30 million workers in the United States are exposed to potentially detrimental levels of noise. Although reliable medications for minimizing or reversing noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) are not currently available, NIHL is entirely preventable. The purpose of this article is to review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of occupational NIHL. We will focus on at-risk populations and discuss prevention programs. Current prevention programs focus on reducing inner ear damage by minimizing environmental noise production and through the use of personal hearing protective devices. RECENT FINDINGS NIHL is the result of a complex interaction between environmental factors and patient factors, both genetic and acquired. The effects of noise exposure are specific to an individual. Trials are currently underway evaluating the role of antioxidants in protection from, and even reversal of, NIHL. SUMMARY Occupational NIHL is the most prevalent occupational disease in the United States. Occupational noise exposures may contribute to temporary or permanent threshold shifts, although even temporary threshold shifts may predispose an individual to eventual permanent hearing loss. Noise prevention programs are paramount in reducing hearing loss as a result of occupational exposures.
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