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Bhattarai R, Bahadur Thapa R, Das Mulmi D, Ram Ghimire R. Fabrication of alcohol sensor using undoped and Al doped ZnO nanostructure film with polymer electrolyte gating. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32281. [PMID: 38961912 PMCID: PMC11219309 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We report the fabrication of two terminal and three terminal gas sensor using Al-doped ZnO nanostructured-films and polymer electrolyte gate dielectric on glass substrate using vacuum free chemical method. The Al doped ZnO films are characterized by UV-vis Spectrometer, SEM, EDX and XRD. The characterization results have revealed the polycrystalline structure of both undoped and doped ZnO; with loosely packed, porous, and spherical granny nanostructure with mean grain size 20-10 nm and bandgap of the films is within the range of 3.12-3.16 eV. The conductivity of the ZnO film is tuned by Al concentration and the maximum value of conductivity was observed in 3 % Al doped ZnO films. Similarly, the best performance index of TFT such as current ON/OFF ratio, high transconductance and low threshold voltage was observed in 3 % Al doping concentration. The ordinary (two-terminal) sensor and three-terminal (FET) sensors' responses towards three different concentrations 50, 250, 500 ppm of ethanol and methanol vapors have been studied. The sensitivity of the film is modulated by Al concentration and higher value of sensitivity was achieved at 3 % Al doped ZnO films. The use of polymer electrolyte enhanced the sensitivity of the device which is more effective in methanol vapor. The Response-Recovery time of the sensor is significantly improved in three terminal devices than the two terminal devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Bhattarai
- Patan Multiple Campus, Department of Physics, Patandhoka, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Ram Bahadur Thapa
- Patan Multiple Campus, Department of Physics, Patandhoka, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | | | - Rishi Ram Ghimire
- Patan Multiple Campus, Department of Physics, Patandhoka, Lalitpur, Nepal
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2
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Ramzan I, Borowiec J, Parkin IP, Carmalt CJ. Transparent Conductive Titanium and Fluorine Co-doped Zinc Oxide Films. Chempluschem 2024:e202400073. [PMID: 38591711 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) was used to deposit highly transparent and conductive titanium or fluorine-doped and titanium-fluorine co-doped ZnO thin films on glass substrate at 450 °C. All films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), and four-point probe. The films were 600-680 nm thick, crystalline, and highly transparent (80-87 %). The co-doped film consisted of 0.70 at % titanium and 1 at % fluorine, and displayed a charger carrier mobility, charge carrier concentration, and a minimum resistivity of 8.4 cm2 V-1 s-1, 3.97×1020 cm-3, and 1.69×10-3 Ω cm, respectively. A band gap of 3.6 eV was observed for the co-doped film. Compared to the undoped and singly doped films, the co-doped film displayed a notably higher structure morphology (more homogenous grains with well-defined boundaries) suitable for transparent conducting oxide applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Ramzan
- Materials Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Joanna Borowiec
- Materials Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Ivan P Parkin
- Materials Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Claire J Carmalt
- Materials Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
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3
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Jabbar KQ, Barzinjy AA. Biosynthesis and antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles using Buchanania obovatafruit extract and the eutectic-based ionic liquid. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:265601. [PMID: 38527365 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad375e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The fruit extract ofBuchanania obovataand the eutectic-based ionic liquid were utilized, in an eco-friendly, inexpensive, simple method, for synthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The influence of the reducing, capping and stabilizing agents, in both mediums, on the structure, optical, and morphological properties of ZnO NPs was extensively investigated. The surface plasmon resonance peaks were observed at 340 nm and 320 nm for the fruit-based and the eutectic-based ionic liquid mediums, respectively, indicating the formation of ZnO NPs. XRD results confirmed the wurtzite structure of the ZnO NPs, exhibiting hexagonal phases in the diffraction patterns. The SEM and TEM images display that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs exhibit crystalline and hexagonal shape, with an average size of 40 nm for the fruit-based and 25 nm for the eutectic-based ionic liquid. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, revealed a value ∼13 m2g-1for ZnO NPs synthesized using the fruit extract and ∼29 m2g-1for those synthesized using the eutectic-based ionic liquid. The antibacterial activity of the biosynthesized ZnO NPs was assessed against clinically isolated Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacterial strains using the inhibition zone method. The ZnO NPs produced from the eutectic-based ionic liquids confirmed superior antibacterial activity against bothS. aureusandE. colicompared to those mediated by the utilized fruit extract. At a concentration of 1000, the eutectic-based ionic liquid mediated ZnO NPs displayed a maximum inhibition zone of 16 mm againstS. aureus, while againstE. coli, a maximum inhibition zone of 15 mm was observed using the fruit extract mediated ZnO NPs. The results of this study showed that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs can be utilized as an efficient substitute to the frequently used chemical drugs and covering drug resistance matters resulted from continual usage of chemical drugs by users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadhim Qasim Jabbar
- Department of Physics, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Azeez Abdullah Barzinjy
- Scientific Research Center, Soran University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Physics Education Department, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Sugitha SKJ, Venkatesan R, Latha RG, Vetcher AA, Al-Asbahi BA, Kim SC. A Study on the Antibacterial, Antispasmodic, Antipyretic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract from Jasminum sambac (L. Aiton). Molecules 2024; 29:1464. [PMID: 38611744 PMCID: PMC11012760 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using plants has grown in significance in recent years. ZnO NPs were synthesized in this work via a chemical precipitation method with Jasminum sambac (JS) leaf extract serving as a capping agent. These NPs were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, TGA, and DTA. The results from UV-vis and FT-IR confirmed the band gap energies (3.37 eV and 3.50 eV) and the presence of the following functional groups: CN, OH, C=O, and NH. A spherical structure and an average grain size of 26 nm were confirmed via XRD. The size and surface morphology of the ZnO NPs were confirmed through the use of SEM analysis. According to the TEM images, the ZnO NPs had an average mean size of 26 nm and were spherical in shape. The TGA curve indicated that the weight loss starts at 100 °C, rising to 900 °C, as a result of the evaporation of water molecules. An exothermic peak was seen during the DTA analysis at 480 °C. Effective antibacterial activity was found at 7.32 ± 0.44 mm in Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and at 15.54 ± 0.031 mm in Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria against the ZnO NPs. Antispasmodic activity: the 0.3 mL/mL sample solution demonstrated significant reductions in stimulant effects induced by histamine (at a concentration of 1 µg/mL) by (78.19%), acetylcholine (at a concentration of 1 µM) by (67.57%), and nicotine (at a concentration of 2 µg/mL) by (84.35%). The antipyretic activity was identified using the specific Shodhan vidhi method, and their anti-inflammatory properties were effectively evaluated with a denaturation test. A 0.3 mL/mL sample solution demonstrated significant reductions in stimulant effects induced by histamine (at a concentration of 1 µg/mL) by 78.19%, acetylcholine (at a concentration of 1 µM) by 67.57%, and nicotine (at a concentration of 2 µg/mL) by 84.35%. These results underscore the sample solution's potential as an effective therapeutic agent, showcasing its notable antispasmodic activity. Among the administered doses, the 150 mg/kg sample dose exhibited the most potent antipyretic effects. The anti-inflammatory activity of the synthesized NPs showed a remarkable inhibition percentage of (97.14 ± 0.005) at higher concentrations (250 µg/mL). Furthermore, a cytotoxic effect was noted when the biologically synthesized ZnO NPs were introduced to treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Johnsy Sugitha
- Department of Chemistry, Holy Cross College, Nagercoil, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, India;
| | - Raja Venkatesan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - R. Gladis Latha
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, Holy Cross College, Nagercoil 629002, India
| | - Alexandre A. Vetcher
- Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia n.a. P. Lumumba (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Bandar Ali Al-Asbahi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Seong-Cheol Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
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Arghavan M, Sabouri-Dodaran A, Sasani Ghamsari M. Efficient route for preparation of Nd 3+ doped Y 2O 3 nanoparticles at intermediate temperature. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25864. [PMID: 38370235 PMCID: PMC10867659 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Yttrium oxide nanoparticles are one of the proper host materials for rare-earth elements. The rare-earth ions doped in yttrium oxide nanoparticles have medical applications such as biological imaging and photonic applications such as waveguides in the infrared region, laser mediums, sensitizers, LEDs, etc. The preparation of rare-earth ion-doped Y2O3 nanoparticles is usually done through the solid-state process and at a very high temperature, such as 1200 °C. In this research, using the solid-state process and during multi-step heat treatment at temperatures of 210 °C, 380 °C, and 500 °C, white nanopowders of Nd:Y2O3were prepared in 6 h. The produced nanopowders were studied using various characterization methods. The results showed that the produced nanopowders have a cubic structure and an average particle size between 22 and 65 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.M. Arghavan
- Department of Physics, Payame Noor University, P.O.Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - M. Sasani Ghamsari
- Photonics and Quantum Technologies Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, 11155-3486, Tehran, Iran
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Latif A, Mohsin M, Bhatti IA, Tahir AA, Hussain MT, Iqbal J. Experimental and ab initio studies of Co-doped ZnO nanophotocatalyst thin films for dye mineralization. RSC Adv 2023; 13:35003-35016. [PMID: 38046633 PMCID: PMC10690497 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04491b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pristine ZnO and Co-doped ZnO photocatalyst thin films were fabricated on a ceramic substrate by spray pyrolysis. The optical, morphological and structural properties of the fabricated nanophotocatalyst thin films were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Operational parameters, including dye concentration, oxidant concentration, irradiation time and pH for dye degradation, were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum degradation obtained was 93% under ideal conditions, such as pH 7, 3 h of direct sunlight irradiation, 30 mM concentration of oxidant and 10 ppm concentration of dye (MB). The evaluation of the extent of degradation was done using the UV/visible spectrophotometry technique. The reusability of the fabricated thin film was examined under optimized conditions. Density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP/LanL2DZ method was used for the theoretical modelling of the fabricated nanomaterials. The optimized structure, theoretical band gaps, IR spectra and Raman spectra of the fabricated pristine ZnO and Co:ZnO nanophotocatalysts were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansa Latif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohsin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Asif Ali Tahir
- Solar Energy Research Group, Environment and Sustainability Institute, Department of Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter Penryn Campus Cornwall TR10 9FE UK
| | | | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan
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Yadav R, Pal S, Jana S, Roy S, Debnath K, Ray SK, Brundavanam MM, Bhaktha B N S. Synergy between plasmonic nanocavities and random lasing modes: a tool to dequench plasmon quenched fluorophore emission. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28336-28349. [PMID: 37840472 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04151d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) can be employed to modify the emission level of a dye emitter by tailoring the spectral overlap of the optical gain and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). In the case of plasmonic random lasers, tuning the spectral overlap by manipulating metal NPs changes the scattering properties of the system, which is crucial in random lasers (RLs). In order to overcome this drawback, the emitter gain spectrum across the LSPR is tuned by appropriately choosing various dye emitters. A system with Au nanoislands (NIs) randomly distributed on the surface of vertically aligned ZnO nanorods on a glass substrate coated with three different dye emitters has been employed to study the metal-gain interaction as a function of spectral overlap. It is observed that the photoluminescence is quenched in the presence of Au NIs for all the three dye emitters; however, the degree of quenching is found to be directly proportional to the extent of spectral overlap of the LSPR and the fluorophore emission spectrum, with the resonantly coupled systems exhibiting higher random lasing thresholds. However, a dequenching of the emission is observed under spectrally off-resonant conditions, leading to a lower threshold RL. The effect of tailoring of the metal-gain interaction on the coherent and incoherent intensity components of RL emission is studied to elucidate the contrasting results of photoluminescence and RL emission. As the optical gain shifts away from the LSPR peak, the RL emission is dominated by the coherent intensity. The speckle-like field distributions of the RL modes couple to the plasmonic nanocavities along with a reduced absorption loss for the off-resonant case, leading to an enhanced stimulated emission. Hence, a synergy between random laser modes, plasmonic nanocavities and optimum spectral overlap has been utilized as a tool to dequench the plasmon quenched fluorophore emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Yadav
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India.
| | - Sourabh Pal
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Subhajit Jana
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India.
| | - Shuvajit Roy
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Kapil Debnath
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Samit K Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India.
| | - Maruthi M Brundavanam
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India.
| | - Shivakiran Bhaktha B N
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India.
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Vallejo W, Cantillo A, Díaz-Uribe C. Improvement of the photocatalytic activity of ZnO thin films doped with manganese. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20809. [PMID: 37860572 PMCID: PMC10582510 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the herein report, we synthesized ZnO thin films doped with manganese (Mn). We studied the impact of Mn doping loads (1 %, 3 %, 5 % wt.) on physicochemical properties of the compounds. Furthermore, we presented the photocatalytic efficiency in removal of methylene blue dye. The structural assay indicated ZnO conserve the wurtzite crystalline structure after dopant insertion. Furthermore, the crystalline size of catalysts was reduced after dopant incorporation. The SEM analysis showed a change in surface morphology after modification of ZnO thin films. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy verified the Mn insertion inside the ZnO lattice. After the doping process, band gap was reduced by 16 %, in comparison to bare ZnO. After the photocatalytic test, the doped catalysts showed better performance than bare ZnO in removing MB. The best test showed a kinetics constant value of 2.9 × 10-3 min-1 after 120 min of visible irradiation. Finally, the Mn(5 %):ZnO thin film was suitable after five degradation cycles, and the degradation process efficiency was reduced by 32%.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Vallejo
- Grupo de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, 081007, Puerto Colombia, Colombia
| | - Alvaro Cantillo
- Grupo de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, 081007, Puerto Colombia, Colombia
| | - Carlos Díaz-Uribe
- Grupo de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, 081007, Puerto Colombia, Colombia
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9
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Vallejo W, Diaz-Uribe CE, Duran F. Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study of Methylene Blue Adsorption on TiO 2 and ZnO Thin Films. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4434. [PMID: 37374617 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we fabricated and characterized ZnO and TiO2 thin films, determining their structural, optical, and morphological properties. Furthermore, we studied the thermodynamics and kinetics of methylene blue (MB) adsorption onto both semiconductors. Characterization techniques were used to verify thin film deposition. The semiconductor oxides reached different removal values, 6.5 mg/g (ZnO) and 10.5 mg/g (TiO2), after 50 min of contact. The pseudo-second-order model was suitable for fitting the adsorption data. ZnO had a greater rate constant (45.4 × 10-3) than that of TiO2 (16.8 × 10-3). The removal of MB by adsorption onto both semiconductors was an endothermic and spontaneous process. Finally, the stability of the thin films showed that both semiconductors maintained their adsorption capacity after five consecutive removal tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Vallejo
- Grupo de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia 81007, Colombia
| | | | - Freider Duran
- Grupo de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia 81007, Colombia
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Petrov VV, Sysoev VV, Ignatieva IO, Gulyaeva IA, Volkova MG, Ivanishcheva AP, Khubezhov SA, Varzarev YN, Bayan EM. Nanocomposite Co 3O 4-ZnO Thin Films for Photoconductivity Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5617. [PMID: 37420782 DOI: 10.3390/s23125617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Thin nanocomposite films based on zinc oxide (ZnO) added with cobalt oxide (Co3O4) were synthesized by solid-phase pyrolysis. According to XRD, the films consist of a ZnO wurtzite phase and a cubic structure of Co3O4 spinel. The crystallite sizes in the films increased from 18 nm to 24 nm with growing annealing temperature and Co3O4 concentration. Optical and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data revealed that enhancing the Co3O4 concentration leads to a change in the optical absorption spectrum and the appearance of allowed transitions in the material. Electrophysical measurements showed that Co3O4-ZnO films have a resistivity up to 3 × 104 Ohm∙cm and a semiconductor conductivity close to intrinsic. With advancing the Co3O4 concentration, the mobility of the charge carriers was found to increase by almost four times. The photosensors based on the 10Co-90Zn film exhibited a maximum normalized photoresponse when exposed to radiation with wavelengths of 400 nm and 660 nm. It was found that the same film has a minimum response time of ca. 26.2 ms upon exposure to radiation of 660 nm wavelength. The photosensors based on the 3Co-97Zn film have a minimum response time of ca. 58.3 ms versus the radiation of 400 nm wavelength. Thus, the Co3O4 content was found to be an effective impurity to tune the photosensitivity of radiation sensors based on Co3O4-ZnO films in the wavelength range of 400-660 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V Petrov
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
| | - Victor V Sysoev
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Saratov 410054, Russia
| | - Irina O Ignatieva
- Faculty of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Irina A Gulyaeva
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
| | - Maria G Volkova
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Alexandra P Ivanishcheva
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
| | - Soslan A Khubezhov
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
- Core Shared Research Facility «Physics and Technology of Nanostructures», North-Ossetian State University, Vladikavkaz 362025, Russia
- Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Yuri N Varzarev
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, Taganrog 347922, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M Bayan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
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Montoya De Los Santos I, Pérez-Orozco AA, Liña-Martínez DA, Courel M, Meza-Avendaño CA, Borrego-Pérez JA, Pérez LM, Laroze D. Towards a CdTe Solar Cell Efficiency Promotion: The Role of ZnO:Al and CuSCN Nanolayers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1335. [PMID: 37110920 PMCID: PMC10141116 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A numerical simulation is a valuable tool since it allows the optimization of both time and the cost of experimental processes for time optimization and the cost of experimental processes. In addition, it will enable the interpretation of developed measurements in complex structures, the design and optimization of solar cells, and the prediction of the optimal parameters that contribute to manufacturing a device with the best performance. In this sense, a detailed simulation study was carried out in this work by the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). In particular, we evaluate the influence of absorber and buffer thickness, absorber defect density, work function in back contact, Rs, Rsh, and carrier concentration on a CdTe/CdS cell to maximize its performance. Furthermore, the incorporation effect of ZnO:Al (TCO) and CuSCN (HTL) nanolayers was studied for the first time. As a result, the efficiency of the solar cell was maximized from 16.04% to 17.74% by increasing the Jsc and Voc. This work will play an essential role in enhancing the performance of CdTe-based devices with the best performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan A. Pérez-Orozco
- Instituto de Estudios de la Energía, Universidad del Istmo, Oaxaca 70760, Mexico
| | | | - Maykel Courel
- Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca 46600, Mexico;
| | - Carlos A. Meza-Avendaño
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Energías Renovables, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez 29039, Mexico;
| | - Jorge A. Borrego-Pérez
- Departamento de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58004, Mexico;
| | - Laura M. Pérez
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile;
| | - David Laroze
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile;
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Marica I, Stefan M, Boca S, Falamaş A, Farcău C. A simple approach for coffee-ring suppression yielding homogeneous drying patterns of ZnO and TiO 2 nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 635:117-127. [PMID: 36580694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Evaporation-induced self-assembly in colloidal droplets is a method for organising nanoparticles on substrates, with various resulting patterns. The coffee-ring pattern is among the most common ones, but its non-uniformity limits its applicability, which led to efforts for developing coffee-ring suppression strategies. Considering the wide applicability of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles, there is a high demand for practical means to deposit them as uniform films. Here, we present a simple approach for obtaining highly uniform thin films of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles by drop-coating in ambient conditions, without using surfactants or other surface chemistry modifications. Disc-like films were obtained via a restricted evaporation achieved by covering the droplets with a lid during drying, seconded by the relatively high sedimentation rate of these nanoparticles. To better understand the assembly mechanism, the influence of suspension concentration, type and temperature of the substrate, droplet volume, colloid type, and evaporation rate were studied. The method allows preparing disc-like nanoparticle films with a good control over their diameter and thickness, onto different kinds of substrates (glass, Si, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene). By fabricating both two-dimensional lattices and custom disc patterns we highlight the versatility of this drop-coating method and its potential for, e.g., automatized serial production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Marica
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Stefan
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sanda Boca
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 42 T Laurian, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Falamaş
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cosmin Farcău
- Molecular and Biomolecular Physics Department, National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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13
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Abubakar S, Tan ST, Liew JYC, Talib ZA, Sivasubramanian R, Vaithilingam CA, Indira SS, Oh WC, Siburian R, Sagadevan S, Paiman S. Controlled Growth of Semiconducting ZnO Nanorods for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting-Based Nanogenerators. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1025. [PMID: 36985919 PMCID: PMC10056750 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their piezoelectric properties and potential applications in energy harvesting, sensing, and nanogenerators. Piezoelectric energy harvesting-based nanogenerators have emerged as promising new devices capable of converting mechanical energy into electric energy via nanoscale characterizations such as piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). This technique was used to study the piezoresponse generated when an electric field was applied to the nanorods using a PFM probe. However, this work focuses on intensive studies that have been reported on the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures with controlled morphologies and their subsequent influence on piezoelectric nanogenerators. It is important to note that the diatomic nature of zinc oxide as a potential solid semiconductor and its electromechanical influence are the two main phenomena that drive the mechanism of any piezoelectric device. The results of our findings confirm that the performance of piezoelectric devices can be significantly improved by controlling the morphology and initial growth conditions of ZnO nanorods, particularly in terms of the magnitude of the piezoelectric coefficient factor (d33). Moreover, from this review, a proposed facile synthesis of ZnO nanorods, suitably produced to improve coupling and switchable polarization in piezoelectric devices, has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsu Abubakar
- Department of Physics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, Yobe State University, Damaturu P.M.B. 1144, Yobe State, Nigeria
| | - Sin Tee Tan
- Department of Physics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Zainal Abidin Talib
- Department of Physics, College of Natural Science, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramsundar Sivasubramanian
- Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor’s University Malaysia, No. 1, Jalan Taylor’s, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Sridhar Sripadmanabhan Indira
- Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor’s University Malaysia, No. 1, Jalan Taylor’s, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Won-Chun Oh
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Hanseo University, Seosan-si 356-706, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Rikson Siburian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Padang Bulan, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Suresh Sagadevan
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Suriati Paiman
- Department of Physics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Functional Nanotechnology Devices Laboratory (FNDL), Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Lossy mode resonance fiber-optic sensor based on ZnO particles fabricated by chemical bath deposition. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:203-211. [PMID: 36441475 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a lossy mode resonance (LMR) sensor fabricated by chemical bath deposition (CBD) using a U-shaped optical fiber with an exposed core. The ZnO particles that generate LMR were prepared by a very costly method in three steps via permanganate activation and the deposition of ZnO on the fiber core using CBD. The process of deposition was monitored in real time through the optical fiber, and a clear absorption spectrum with an LMR peak was obtained. The surface of the sensor with absorbance reaching 1.0 was covered with nano- to submicron particles of ZnO. The refractive index (RI) sensitivity of the sensor was measured using sucrose solution and was found to increase as the amounts of ZnO on the sensor increased, reaching 23 Abs/RI unit (RIU). The RI resolutions of the sensors with absorbance reaching 0.40, 0.65, and 1.0 during CBD were determined as ΔRI = 0.000060, 0.00017, and 0.00018, respectively, with a 99.7% confidence interval for the RI. Pretreatment during CBD was found to dramatically affect the fabrication of LMR sensors owing to their size and occupancy of deposited ZnO particles, the effects of which can be observed in real time using fiber optics.
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15
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Umar A, Tiwari P, Srivastava V, Lohia P, Dwivedi DK, Qasem H, Akbar S, Algadi H, Baskoutas S. Modeling and Simulation of Tin Sulfide (SnS)-Based Solar Cell Using ZnO as Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) and NiO as Hole Transport Layer (HTL). MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:2073. [PMID: 36557371 PMCID: PMC9784845 DOI: 10.3390/mi13122073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the simulation by Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator-1D (SCAPS-1D) software of ZnO/CdS/SnS/NiO/Au solar cells, in which zinc oxide (ZnO) is used as transparent conductive oxide (TCO) and nickel oxide (NiO) is used as a hole transport layer (HTL). The effects of absorber layer (SnS) thickness, carrier concentration, SnS defect density, NiO HTL, ZnO TCO, electron affinity and work function on cell performance have been evaluated. The effect of interface defect density of SnS/CdS on the performance of the heterojunction solar cell is also analysed. As the results indicate, a maximum power conversion efficiency of 26.92% was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Umar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Pooja Tiwari
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur 273010, India
| | - Vaibhava Srivastava
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur 273010, India
| | - Pooja Lohia
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur 273010, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Dwivedi
- Photonics and Photovoltaic Research Lab, Department of Physics and Material Science, Madan Mohan Malviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur 273010, India
| | - Hussam Qasem
- National Centre for Renewable Energy, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh Akbar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Algadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sotirios Baskoutas
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
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16
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Mazur M, Obstarczyk A, Posadowski W, Domaradzki J, Kiełczawa S, Wiatrowski A, Wojcieszak D, Kalisz M, Grobelny M, Szmidt J. Investigation of the Microstructure, Optical, Electrical and Nanomechanical Properties of ZnOx Thin Films Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15196551. [PMID: 36233893 PMCID: PMC9571499 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents the results of an investigation of the influence of technological parameters on the microstructure, optical, electrical and nanomechanical properties of zinc oxide coatings prepared using the pulsed reactive magnetron sputtering method. Three sets of ZnOx thin films were deposited in metallic, shallow dielectric and deep dielectric sputtering modes. Structural investigations showed that thin films deposited in the metallic mode were nanocrystalline with mixed hexagonal phases of metallic zinc and zinc oxide with crystallite size of 9.1 and 6.0 nm, respectively. On the contrary, the coatings deposited in both dielectric modes had a nanocrystalline ZnO structure with an average crystallite size smaller than 10 nm. Moreover, coatings deposited in the dielectric modes had an average transmission of 84% in the visible wavelength range, while thin films deposited in the metallic mode were opaque. Measurements of electrical properties revealed that the resistivity of as-deposited thin films was in the range of 10-4 Ωcm to 108 Ωcm. Coatings deposited in the metallic mode had the lowest hardness of 2.2 GPa and the worst scratch resistance among all sputtered coatings, whereas the best mechanical properties were obtained for the film sputtered in the deep dielectric mode. The obtained hardness of 11.5 GPa is one of the highest reported to date in the literature for undoped ZnO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Mazur
- Faculty of Electronics, Photonics and Microsystems, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agata Obstarczyk
- Faculty of Electronics, Photonics and Microsystems, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Witold Posadowski
- Faculty of Electronics, Photonics and Microsystems, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Domaradzki
- Faculty of Electronics, Photonics and Microsystems, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Szymon Kiełczawa
- Faculty of Electronics, Photonics and Microsystems, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Artur Wiatrowski
- Faculty of Electronics, Photonics and Microsystems, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Damian Wojcieszak
- Faculty of Electronics, Photonics and Microsystems, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kalisz
- Faculty of Engineering and Economics, Ignacy Mościcki University of Applied Sciences in Ciechanów, Narutowicza 9, 06-400 Ciechanów, Poland
| | - Marcin Grobelny
- Faculty of Technical and Social Sciences, Ignacy Mościcki University of Applied Sciences in Ciechanów, Warszawska 52, 06-500 Mława, Poland
| | - Jan Szmidt
- Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Sivasankarapillai VS, Krishnamoorthy N, Eldesoky GE, Wabaidur SM, Islam MA, Dhanusuraman R, Ponnusamy VK. One-pot green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Scoparia Dulcis plant extract for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022; 13:1-11. [PMID: 36120603 PMCID: PMC9469822 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured Zinc oxide (ZnO) materials have attained exciting research interests among various metal oxide nanoparticles due to their unique features. Thus, the scope of applications for ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is vast and efficient. The current study demonstrates a simple and environmental-friendly approach for the synthesis of ZnO NPs using the extract of the Scoparia Dulcis. Scoparia Dulcis is a common medicinal plant in Kerala (India) that is traditionally used for its medicinal properties. Morphological characterizations of the as-synthesized ZnO NPs were evaluated using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results revealed that ZnO NPs showed pebble-like morphology and possessed an average particle size of ~ 20 nm. Further, antibacterial and antifungal activities of as-prepared ZnO NPs were investigated against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, as well as Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger, respectively, using the agar-well diffusion method. The results revealed that the prepared ZnO NPs shows excellent antimicrobial activity against the examined microorganisms. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the as-synthesized ZnO NPs was evaluated using the DPPH assay, which indicated an excellent IC50 value of 1.78 μg/mL that shows high antioxidant activity. All these results proved that the S. dulcis plant extract-mediated synthesis method is a simple, low-cost, eco-friendly procedure for preparing efficient ZnO NPs for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Sankar Sivasankarapillai
- Nano Electrochemistry Lab (NEL), Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal, 609609 India
| | - Nishkala Krishnamoorthy
- Nano Electrochemistry Lab (NEL), Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal, 609609 India
| | - Gaber E. Eldesoky
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Md Ataul Islam
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester City, UK
| | - Ragupathy Dhanusuraman
- Nano Electrochemistry Lab (NEL), Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal, 609609 India
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807 Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807 Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH), Kaohsiung City, 807 Taiwan
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18
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Wang X, Xu S, Chalmers E, Chen X, Liu Y, Liu X. Entangled ZnO on Ultrathin Hollow Fibers for UV-Aided Pollutant Decomposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10769-10781. [PMID: 35188732 PMCID: PMC9098110 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO), a widely used ultraviolet (UV) degrading substance, offers high selectivity for wastewater treatment, but the leaching of ZnO into water could cause secondary contamination. Using porous substrates to fix and load ZnO is a promising technical method to improve the water purification efficiency and recycling durability of ZnO. However, limited by the slow kinetics and shielding effects, it is challenging to use traditional techniques to introduce ZnO into the interior of a hollow structure. Here, inspired by an ancient dyeing procedure, we formed a unique single-molecule bio-interfacial entanglement as an absorption layer to capture the catalyst for ZnO electroless deposition (ELD) on the surface of natural ultrathin hollow-structured Kapok fibers. With curcumin serving as a linking bridge, ELD allowed the spontaneous formation of intensive ZnO nanocrystals on both the outer and inner walls. ZnO-kapok as the catalyst for ultraviolet photodecomposition of organic pollutants (methylene blue (MB) and phenol as model pollutants) delivered a decomposition efficiency of 80% and outstanding durability. Further modification of the ZnO-kapok catalyst by doping with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) showed an improvement in photodegradation performance of 90% degradation under 2-h irradiation with 21.85 W/dm2 light power. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report featuring ZnO loading on both the outer and inner walls of a fiber-structured hollow kapok material, which provides inspiration for immobilization of metallic oxides on hollow-structured materials for further applications in renewable catalysis, chemical engineering, and energy storage fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Shaojun Xu
- UK
Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Didcot OX11 0FA, U.K.
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Evelyn Chalmers
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Yong Liu
- School
of Textile, Tiangong University, No. 399 Bin Shui Xi Road, Xi Qing District, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Xuqing Liu
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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19
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Muchuweni E, Mombeshora ET, Martincigh BS, Nyamori VO. Recent Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Organic Solar Cells. Front Chem 2022; 9:733552. [PMID: 35071180 PMCID: PMC8770437 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.733552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, carbon-based materials, particularly carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have gained intensive research attention in the fabrication of organic solar cells (OSCs) due to their outstanding physicochemical properties, low-cost, environmental friendliness and the natural abundance of carbon. In this regard, the low sheet resistance and high optical transmittance of CNTs enables their application as alternative anodes to the widely used indium tin oxide (ITO), which is toxic, expensive and scarce. Also, the synergy between the large specific surface area and high electrical conductivity of CNTs provides both large donor-acceptor interfaces and conductive interpenetrating networks for exciton dissociation and charge carrier transport. Furthermore, the facile tunability of the energy levels of CNTs provides proper energy level alignment between the active layer and electrodes for effective extraction and transportation of charge carriers. In addition, the hydrophobic nature and high thermal conductivity of CNTs enables them to form protective layers that improve the moisture and thermal stability of OSCs, thereby prolonging the devices' lifetime. Recently, the introduction of CNTs into OSCs produced a substantial increase in efficiency from ∼0.68 to above 14.00%. Thus, further optimization of the optoelectronic properties of CNTs can conceivably help OSCs to compete with silicon solar cells that have been commercialized. Therefore, this study presents the recent breakthroughs in efficiency and stability of OSCs, achieved mainly over 2018-2021 by incorporating CNTs into electrodes, active layers and charge transport layers. The challenges, advantages and recommendations for the fabrication of low-cost, highly efficient and sustainable next-generation OSCs are also discussed, to open up avenues for commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vincent O. Nyamori
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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20
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Effects of Ambience on Thermal-Diffusion Type Ga-doping Process for ZnO Nanoparticles. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Various annealing atmospheres were employed during our unique thermal-diffusion type Ga-doping process to investigate the surface, structural, optical, and electrical properties of Ga-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle (NP) layers. ZnO NPs were synthesized using an arc-discharge-mediated gas evaporation method, followed by Ga-doping under open-air, N2, O2, wet, and dry air atmospheric conditions at 800 °C to obtain the low resistive spray-coated NP layers. The I–V results revealed that the Ga-doped ZnO NP layer successfully reduced the sheet resistance in the open air (8.0 × 102 Ω/sq) and wet air atmosphere (8.8 × 102 Ω/sq) compared with un-doped ZnO (4.6 × 106 Ω/sq). Humidity plays a key role in the successful improvement of sheet resistance during Ga-doping. X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrated hexagonal wurtzite structures with increased crystallite sizes of 103 nm and 88 nm after doping in open air and wet air atmospheres, respectively. The red-shift of UV intensity indicates successful Ga-doping, and the atmospheric effects were confirmed through the analysis of the defect spectrum. Improved electrical conductivity was also confirmed using the thin-film-transistor-based structure. The current controllability by applying the gate electric-field was also confirmed, indicating the possibility of transistor channel application using the obtained ZnO NP layers.
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21
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A Study on Dielectric Permittivity, Structure, and AC Conductivity of Zinc and Copper Doped Bentonite Composites. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-02112-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Vijayakumar S, González-Sánchez ZI, Malaikozhundan B, Saravanakumar K, Divya M, Vaseeharan B, Durán-Lara EF, Wang MH. Biogenic Synthesis of Rod Shaped ZnO Nanoparticles Using Red Paprika (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum (L.) Sendt) and Their in Vitro Evaluation. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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23
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Al-Naim AF, Afify N, Sedky A, Ibrahim SS. Structural morphology and nonlinear behavior of pure and co-doped Zn 1-x-yFe xM yO varistors with (M = Cu, Ni). APPLIED PHYSICS. A, MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING 2021; 127:486. [PMID: 34099951 PMCID: PMC8172559 DOI: 10.1007/s00339-021-04560-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report here structural morphology and nonlinear behavior of pure and co-doped Zn0.90-xFe0.1MxO with (M = Cu, Ni and (x = 0.00, 0.10) and (0.00 ≤ y ≤ 0.20)) at different sintering temperatures (T s = 850 and 1000 °C). It is found that the co-doping of ZnO by (Fe + Cu) or (Fe + Ni) up to 0.30 does not deform the well-known wurtzite structure of ZnO, as well as pure and 0.1 of Fe-doped ZnO. The SEM micrographs did not show any secondary phases at the boundaries of grains as compared to ZnO, the average grain size is decreased for Fe and (Fe + Cu) samples, while it is increased for (Fe + Ni) samples. The nonlinear coefficient α and breakdown field E B are generally increased by 0.1 of Fe addition, but they are shifted to lower values as T s increases for all samples. Furthermore, they are gradually increased/decreased to higher/lower values for (Fe + Cu/Fe + Ni) samples up to 0.30 of co-doping content. The values of α and E B are increased from 30.06, 2115.38 V/cm for ZnO at 850 °C to 50.07, 5012 V/cm by (0.1Fe + 0.2Cu) co-doping, and from 23.53, 1956.52 V/cm to 45.58, 4750 V/cm at 1000 °C, while they are, respectively, decreased by (0.1Fe + 0.2Ni) to 13.19, 312 V/cm and 11.85, 172.42 V/cm. Similar behavior was generally obtained for nonlinear conductivity σ L and height of potential barrier φB, whereas the vice is versa for the behavior of leakage current J k and residual voltage K r. Our results are discussed in terms of the comparative participation between the effects of co-doping of (Fe + Cu) and (Fe + Ni) to ZnO for supporting the potential barrier as compared to individual doping by Fe, Cu and Ni. This study perhaps recommended these samples for optoelectronic and ferromagnetic investigation after COVID-19 is over.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah F. Al-Naim
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, P.O.B 400, Al-Hassa, 31982 Saudi Arabia
| | - N. Afify
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516 Egypt
| | - A. Sedky
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516 Egypt
- Sphinx University, New Assiut City, Assiut, Egypt
| | - S. S. Ibrahim
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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24
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Muchuweni E, Martincigh BS, Nyamori VO. Recent advances in graphene-based materials for dye-sensitized solar cell fabrication. RSC Adv 2020; 10:44453-44469. [PMID: 35517133 PMCID: PMC9058590 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08851j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have received considerable research attention, as potential alternatives to the commonly used, but expensive, silicon-based solar cells owing to the low-cost, facile fabrication procedures, less impact on the environment, capability of working even under low incoming light levels, and flexibility of DSSCs. However, the relatively low power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and poor long-term operational stability of DSSCs still limit their large-scale and commercial applications. As a consequence, this has prompted tremendous research effort towards the realization of high performance and sustainable devices, through tailoring of the properties of the various DSSC components, via approaches such as introducing novel materials and new synthesis techniques. Among these, the application of novel materials, especially carbon-based materials, such as graphene and its derivatives, is more appealing due to their excellent optoelectronic, mechanical, thermal and chemical properties, which give them ample potential to replace or modify the traditional materials that are commonly used in the fabrication of the various DSSC components. In addition, the low-cost, abundance, non-toxicity, large specific surface area, flexibility and superior stability of graphene-based materials have enabled their recent use as photoanodes, i.e., transparent conducting electrodes, semiconducting layers and dye-sensitizers, electrolytes and counter electrodes in DSSCs. Recently, the introduction of graphene-based materials into DSSCs resulted in a pronounced increase in PCE from ∼0.13 to above 12.00%. Thus, employing the recent breakthroughs can further improve the optoelectronic properties of the various DSSC components and, hence, close the gap between DSSCs and their silicon-based counterparts that are currently exhibiting desirable PCEs of above 26%. Therefore, this review focuses on the recent applications of graphene-based materials as photoanodes, electrolytes and counter electrodes, for the possible fabrication of all-carbon-based DSSCs. The limitations, merits and future prospects of graphene-based DSSCs are discussed, so as to improve their photovoltaic performance, sustainability and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edigar Muchuweni
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Bice S Martincigh
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Vincent O Nyamori
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
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Liu X, Li J. Significantly Enhanced Photoluminescence Performance of Ni xS y(NiS and Ni 9S 8)/ZnO Nanorods by a Hydrothermal Method. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17184-17190. [PMID: 33201690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on a near zero band gap semiconductor, NixSy, which significantly enhances the photoluminescence (PL) performance of ZnO nanorods. The structural, morphological, and optical properties of the composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), PL spectrometry, etc. The PL patterns at an excitation wavelength (λex) of 325 nm revealed that the 10% NixSy/ZnO nanorod (10NZNR) composites displayed the highest emission intensity in the region of 420-630 nm. The relationship between the emission intensity of ZnO and the concentration of NixSy demonstrated that the PL intensity of NZNRs initially increased (<10%) and then declined with an increase in NixSy content (>10%). According to PL spectra at different excitation wavelengths and PL excitation (PLE) spectra, the visible emission of NixSy/ZnO nanorod (NZNR) composites can only be excited by light with energy greater than that of the band gap. Studies of the morphological structures and PL behaviors of NZNR composites have illustrated that NixSy considerably enhances the visible emission of ZnO by regulating its morphology and structure. An appropriate mechanism by which NixSy enhances the PL performance of ZnO has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjia Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
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Synthesis, Crystallography, Microstructure, Crystal Defects, Optical and Optoelectronic Properties of ZnO:CeO2 Mixed Oxide Thin Films. PHOTONICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics7040112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of pure ZnO, pure CeO2, and ZnO:CeO2 mixed oxide thin films dip-coated on glass substrates using a sol-gel technique. The structural properties of as-prepared thin film are investigated using the XRD technique. In particular, pure ZnO thin film is found to exhibit a hexagonal structure, while pure CeO2 thin film is found to exhibit a fluorite cubic structure. The diffraction patterns also show the formation of mixed oxide materials containing well-dispersed phases of semi-crystalline nature from both constituent oxides. Furthermore, optical properties of thin films are investigated by performing UV–Vis spectrophotometer measurements. In the visible region, transmittance of all investigated thin films attains values as high as 85%. Moreover, refractive index of pure ZnO film was found to exhibit values ranging between 1.57 and 1.85 while for CeO2 thin film, it exhibits values ranging between 1.73 and 2.25 as the wavelength of incident light decreases from 700 nm to 400 nm. Remarkably, refractive index of ZnO:CeO2 mixed oxide-thin films are tuned by controlling the concentration of CeO2 properly. Mixed oxide-thin films of controllable refractive indices constitute an important class of smart functional materials. We have also investigated the optoelectronic and dispersion properties of ZnO:CeO2 mixed oxide-thin films by employing well-established classical models. The melodramatic boost of optical and optoelectronic properties of ZnO:CeO2 mixed oxide thin films establish a strong ground to modify these properties in a skillful manner enabling their use as key potential candidates for the fabrication of scaled optoelectronic devices and thin film transistors.
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Okazaki T, Taniguchi H, Wagata H, Ito M, Kuramitz H, Watanabe T. Spectroelectrochemical Evaluation of a ZnO Optically Transparent Electrode Prepared by the Spin‐spray Technique. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Okazaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and TechnologyMeiji University 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 214-8571 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and TechnologyMeiji University 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 214-8571 Japan
| | - Hajime Wagata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and TechnologyMeiji University 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 214-8571 Japan
| | - Mizuki Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and TechnologyMeiji University 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 214-8571 Japan
| | - Hideki Kuramitz
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for ResearchUniversity of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama 930-8555 Japan
| | - Tomoaki Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and TechnologyMeiji University 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki Kanagawa 214-8571 Japan
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Costa WC, Sandri C, de Quadros S, Silva AL, Eccher J, Zimmermann LM, Mora JR, Bock H, Bechtold IH. Stabilization of ZnO quantum dots by preferred 1:2 interaction with a liquid crystal molecule. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Tuan Thanh Pham A, Ai Thi Nguyen P, Kim Thi Phan Y, Huu Nguyen T, Van Hoang D, Kieu Truong Le O, Bach Phan T, Cao Tran V. Effects of B 2O 3 doping on the crystalline structure and performance of DC-magnetron-sputtered, transparent ZnO thin films. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:5845-5850. [PMID: 32609712 DOI: 10.1364/ao.395051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The transparent-conducting performance is estimated through figure-of-merit (FOM) value. To improve poor FOM value of pure ZnO thin films, boron (B) as a donor impurity was doped into the films. Direct-current magnetron sputtering was used to prepare B-doped ZnO (BZO) thin films from sintered ZnO targets with variable B2O3 content changing from 0 to 2 wt. %. The x ray diffraction analysis confirmed the preferably c-axis-oriented structure of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO host. The results also showed variation in the film structure versus the B2O3 content through calculations of crystal size and residual stress. Depending on the B2O3 content, a competition of interstitial and substitutional B3+ ions induced more stress or relaxation in lattice structure of the films. At 1% B2O3, the BZO thin film had the best crystalline characterization with the lowest stress and large crystal size. In consequence, the BZO 1% film obtained the lowest resistivity of 2.7×10-3Ωcm, average transmittance of 82.1%, and the best FOM value of 18.8×102Ω-1cm-1. The transparent-conducting performance of the ZnO thin films deposited by direct-current (DC) magnetron sputtering was significantly enhanced through B doping. The good-performance BZO film at 1% B2O3 is believed to be of use as electrodes in thin-film solar cells.
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Comparative Study of ZnO Thin Films Doped with Transition Metals (Cu and Co) for Methylene Blue Photodegradation under Visible Irradiation. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10050528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesized and characterized both Co-doped ZnO (ZnO:Co) and Cu-doped ZnO (ZnO:Cu) thin films. The catalysts’ synthesis was carried out by the sol–gel method while the doctor blade technique was used for thin film deposition. The physicochemical characterization of the catalysts was carried out by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction, and diffuse reflectance measurements. The photocatalytic activity was studied under visible irradiation in aqueous solution, and kinetic parameters were determined by pseudo-first-order fitting. The Raman spectra results evinced the doping process and suggested the formation of heterojunctions for both dopants. The structural diffraction patterns indicated that the catalysts were polycrystalline and demonstrated the presence of a ZnO wurtzite crystalline phase. The SEM analysis showed that the morphological properties changed significantly, the micro-aggregates disappeared, and agglomeration was reduced after modification of ZnO. The ZnO optical bandgap (3.22 eV) reduced after the doping process, these being ZnO:Co (2.39 eV) and ZnO:Co (3.01 eV). Finally, the kinetic results of methylene blue photodegradation reached 62.6% for ZnO:Co thin films and 42.5% for ZnO:Cu thin films.
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31
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Ramesh T, Foo KL, R H, Sam AJ, Solayappan M. Gold-Hybridized Zinc Oxide Nanorods as Real-Time Low-Cost NanoBiosensors for Detection of virulent DNA signature of HPV-16 in Cervical Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17039. [PMID: 31745139 PMCID: PMC6864064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of host integrated viral oncogenes are critical for early and point-of-care molecular diagnostics of virus-induced carcinoma. However, available diagnostic approaches are incapable of combining both cost-efficient medical diagnosis and high analytical performances. To circumvent this, we have developed an improved IDE-based nanobiosensor for biorecognition of HPV-16 infected cervical cancer cells through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The system is fabricated by coating gold (Au) doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods interfaced with HPV-16 viral DNA bioreceptors on top of the Interdigitated Electrode (IDE) chips surface. Due to the concurrently improved sensitivity and biocompatibility of the designed nanohybrid film, Au decorated ZnO-Nanorod biosensors demonstrate exceptional detection of HPV-16 E6 oncogene, the cancer biomarker for HPV infected cervical cancers. This sensor displayed high levels of sensitivity by detecting as low as 1fM of viral E6 gene target. The sensor also exhibited a stable functional life span of more than 5 weeks, good reproducibility and high discriminatory properties against HPV-16. Sensor current responses are obtained from cultured cervical cancer cells which are close to clinical cancer samples. Hence, the developed sensor is an adaptable tool with high potential for clinical diagnosis especially useful for economically challenged countries/regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thevendran Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, 08100, Semeling, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Kai Loong Foo
- Nano Biochip Research Group, Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering (INEE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia
| | - Haarindraprasad R
- Faculty of Engineering and Computer Technology, AIMST University, 08100, Semeling, Kedah, Malaysia.
| | - Annie Jeyachristy Sam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, 08100, Semeling, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Maheswaran Solayappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, 08100, Semeling, Kedah, Malaysia.
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Rodwihok C, Wongratanaphisan D, Thi Ngo YL, Khandelwal M, Hur SH, Chung JS. Effect of GO Additive in ZnO/rGO Nanocomposites with Enhanced Photosensitivity and Photocatalytic Activity. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9101441. [PMID: 31614525 PMCID: PMC6835891 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (ZnO/rGO) are synthesized via a simple one-pot solvothermal technique. The nanoparticle-nanorod turnability was achieved with the increase in GO additive, which was necessary to control the defect formation. The optimal defect in ZnO/rGO not only increased ZnO/rGO surface and carrier concentration, but also provided the alternative carrier pathway assisted with rGO sheet for electron-hole separation and prolonging carrier recombination. These properties are ideal for photodetection and photocatalytic applications. For photosensing properties, ZnO/rGO shows the improvement of photosensitivity compared with pristine ZnO from 1.51 (ZnO) to 3.94 (ZnO/rGO (20%)). Additionally, applying bending strain on ZnO/rGO enhances its photosensitivity even further, as high as 124% at r = 12.5 mm, due to improved surface area and induced negative piezoelectric charge from piezoelectric effect. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity with methylene blue (MB) was studied. It was observed that the rate of MB degradation was higher in presence of ZnO/rGO than pristine ZnO. Therefore, ZnO/rGO became a promising materials for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatchai Rodwihok
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Korea.
| | - Duangmanee Wongratanaphisan
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Yen Linh Thi Ngo
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Korea.
| | - Mahima Khandelwal
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Korea.
| | - Seung Hyun Hur
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Korea.
| | - Jin Suk Chung
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Korea.
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Lee KN, Bang S, Duong NT, Yun SJ, Park DY, Lee J, Choi YC, Jeong MS. Encapsulation of a Monolayer WSe 2 Phototransistor with Hydrothermally Grown ZnO Nanorods. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:20257-20264. [PMID: 31074258 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b03508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are promising two-dimensional (2D) materials for realizing next-generation electronics and optoelectronics with attractive physical properties. However, monolayer TMDCs (1LTMDCs) have various serious issues, such as instability under ambient conditions and low optical quantum yield from their extremely thin thickness of ∼0.7 nm. To overcome these issues, we constructed a hybrid structure (HS) by growing zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) on a monolayer tungsten diselenide (1LWSe2) using the hydrothermal method. Consequently, we confirmed not only enhanced photoluminescence of 1LWSe2 but also improved optoelectronic properties by fabricating the HS phototransistor. Through various investigations, we found that these phenomena were due to the antenna and p-type doping effects attributed to the ZnO NRs. In addition, we verified that the optoelectronic properties of 1LTMDCs are maintained for 2 weeks in ambient condition through the sustainable encapsulation effect induced by our HS. This encapsulation method with inorganic materials is expected to be applied to improve the stability and performance of various emerging 2D material-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Nyeoung Lee
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Korea Institute of Carbon Convergence Technology , Jeonju 54853 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Bang
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics , Institute for Basic Science , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Thanh Duong
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Joon Yun
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics , Institute for Basic Science , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Park
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics , Institute for Basic Science , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Juchan Lee
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Choi
- Korea Institute of Carbon Convergence Technology , Jeonju 54853 , Republic of Korea
| | - Mun Seok Jeong
- Department of Energy Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics , Institute for Basic Science , Suwon 16419 , Republic of Korea
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Wadatkar NS, Waghuley SA. Exploring the electrical and complex optical properties of as-synthesized thiophene-indole conducting copolymers. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01534. [PMID: 31049442 PMCID: PMC6479170 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contest, a novel series of random thiophene-indole (Th-In) conducting copolymers have been synthesized through oxidative copolymerization of their monomers in aqueous medium at room temperature using anhydrous ferric chloride (FeCl3) as an oxidant. The structure of as-studied samples have been confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) ensured the morphology of as-prepared copolymers. The complex optical parameters of the samples have been estimated through ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The temperature dependence of dc electrical conductivity of the samples have been obtained over a temperature range 303–393 K, which found to be in the range 10−6–10−4 Scm−1 followed Arrhenius relation. The degradation behaviour has been studied through thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Wadatkar
- Department of Physics, Government Polytechnic, Amravati 444603, India
| | - S A Waghuley
- Department of Physics, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati 444602, India
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35
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Aboud AA, Shaban M, Revaprasadu N. Effect of Cu, Ni and Pb doping on the photo-electrochemical activity of ZnO thin films. RSC Adv 2019; 9:7729-7736. [PMID: 35521190 PMCID: PMC9061195 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10599e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of metallic doping on the photoelectron\chemical properties of zinc oxide thin films have been studied. All films have been deposited using the spray pyrolysis technique at a constant doping level of 3 wt% whereby Cu, Ni, and Pb were used as dopants. The structure of all films was studied by X-ray diffraction which showed the grain size of all doped films to be 50 nm. The energy band gap of all films was estimated using optical transmission spectroscopy. The Ni, Cu, and Pb-doped ZnO photoelectrodes were applied for the photoelectrochemical (PEC) H2 generation from H2O. Pb doping leads to the highest photocurrent of the ZnO photoelectrodes. The current density–potential characteristics were measured under white light and monochromatic illumination. The stability of the electrode was quantified as a function of the number of H2 production runs and exposure time. Finally, the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency, IPCE, and applied bias photon-to-current efficiency, ABPE, were calculated. The optimum IPCE at 390 nm was ∼30% whereas the ABPE was 0.636 at 0.5 V. In the present study, the effects of metallic doping on the photoelectron\chemical properties of zinc oxide thin films have been studied.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Aboud
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Science
- Beni-Suef University
- Beni-Suef
- Egypt
| | - Mohamed Shaban
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Science
- Beni-Suef University
- Beni-Suef
- Egypt
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The Effect of RF Power on the Properties of Gallium and Aluminium Co-doped Zinc Oxide (GAZO) Thin Films. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-018-0963-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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38
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Zhao J, Guo H, He X, Zhang Q, Gu L, Li X, Jin KJ, Yang T, Ge C, Luo Y, He M, Long Y, Wang JO, Qian H, Wang C, Lu H, Yang G, Ibrahim K. Manipulating the Structural and Electronic Properties of Epitaxial SrCoO 2.5 Thin Films by Tuning the Epitaxial Strain. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:10211-10219. [PMID: 29510620 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Structure determines material's functionality, and strain tunes the structure. Tuning the coherent epitaxial strain by varying the thickness of the films is a precise route to manipulate the functional properties in the low-dimensional oxide materials. Here, to explore the effects of the coherent epitaxial strain on the properties of SrCoO2.5 thin films, thickness-dependent evolutions of the structural properties and electronic structures were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, optical absorption spectra, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and first-principles calculations. By increasing the thickness of the SrCoO2.5 films, the c-axis lattice constant decreases, indicating the relaxation of the coherent epitaxial strain. The energy band gap increases and the Raman spectra undergo a substantial softening with the relaxation of the coherent epitaxial strain. From the STEM results, it can be concluded that the strain causes the variation of the oxygen content in the BM-SCO2.5 films, which results in the variation of band gaps with varying the strain. First-principles calculations show that strain-induced changes in bond lengths and angles of the octahedral CoO6 and tetrahedral CoO4 cannot explain the variation band gap. Our findings offer an alternative strategy to manipulate structural and electronic properties by tuning the coherent epitaxial strain in transition-metal oxide thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhao
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Haizhong Guo
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- School of Physical Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Xu He
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Lin Gu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201204 , China
| | - Kui-Juan Jin
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Tieying Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201204 , China
| | - Chen Ge
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yi Luo
- School of Physical Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Meng He
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Youwen Long
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jia-Ou Wang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Haijie Qian
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Can Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Huibin Lu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Guozhen Yang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Kurash Ibrahim
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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Vaiano V, Iervolino G. Facile method to immobilize ZnO particles on glass spheres for the photocatalytic treatment of tannery wastewater. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 518:192-199. [PMID: 29455103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to apply the photocatalytic processes on a real scale for the treatment of industrial wastewaters, the use of slurry reactors employing suspended photocatalysts is not suitable due to the need for an uncomfortable and expensive separation phase of photocatalyst. To overcome this disadvantage, the photocatalyst particles must be immobilized on a transparent support: our work proposes, for this reason, a simple and cost effective method for the deposition of ZnO photocatalyst on glass spheres in order to formulate a structured photocatalyst effective in the treatment of aqueous solutions containing various organic dyes, commonly used in the tannery industries and in the treatment of a real wastewater at high COD content (11 g/L) coming from the refining unit of the tanning process. In particular, ZnO was immobilized on glass spheres (ZnO/GS) with a simple dip coating method, starting from zinc acetate aqueous solution, without using complexing agent and strong basic compounds. The optimization of ZnO amount on glass spheres was evaluated employing Acid Blue 7 dye, as model pollutant. In particular, it was found that best performances in terms of discoloration and mineralization of the target dye were obtained using the photocatalyst with a ZnO loading equal to 0.19 wt% (ZnO_ac1), prepared through only one dip-coating step. Moreover, the ZnO_ac1 photocatalyst can be easily separated from the reaction mixture, maintaining excellent photocatalytic activity and durability even after several reuse cycles. Finally, ZnO_ac1 showed a high photocatalytic activity in the treatment of the real wastewater, obtaining a COD removal equal to 70% after 180 min of UV light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Vaiano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Iervolino
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
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