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Munyengabe A, Banda M, Augustyn W, Netshiongolwe K, Ramutshatsha-Makhwedzha D. Application of coal fly ash for trace metal adsorption from wastewater: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31494. [PMID: 38803871 PMCID: PMC11128527 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution has become a global issue due to continuing anthropogenic activities that result in the production of enormous amounts of waste and the subsequent release of hazardous trace metals. The increasing levels of trace metals in the environment must be monitored regularly and reduced to prevent contamination of food chain. Numerous conventional technologies that are widely used for the removal of trace metals from environmental matrices have many drawbacks. Currently, the preferred method to remove trace metal ions is the adsorption process, which normally uses adsorbents. This review investigated the applications of coal fly ash (CFA) as a cost-effective adsorbent and the role it plays in the improved properties of nanomaterials that are used for treatment of trace metals in water. The use of CFA and its role in chemical modification processes results to high removal efficiency of trace metals. CFA is a by-product of coal combustion which is available in abundance and therefore its use is not only beneficial in water treatment processes, but also reduce the burden of solid waste disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Munyengabe
- Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Pretoria, X0001, South Africa
| | - Maria Banda
- Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Pretoria, X0001, South Africa
| | - Wilma Augustyn
- Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Pretoria, X0001, South Africa
| | - Khathutshelo Netshiongolwe
- Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Pretoria, X0001, South Africa
| | - Denga Ramutshatsha-Makhwedzha
- Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Pretoria West Campus, Pretoria, X680, South Africa
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Alharbi RM, Sholkamy EN, Alsamhary KI, Abdel-Raouf N, Ibraheem IBM. Optimization Study of the Capacity of Chlorella vulgaris as a Potential Bio-Remediator for the Bio-Adsorption of Arsenic (III) from Aquatic Environments. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050439. [PMID: 37235253 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the ability of the green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris to remove arsenic from aqueous solutions. A series of studies was conducted to determine the optimal conditions for biological arsenic elimination, including biomass amount, incubation time, initial arsenic level, and pH values. At 76 min, pH 6, 50 mgL-1 metal concentration, and 1 gL-1 bio-adsorbent dosage, the maximum removal of arsenic from an aqueous solution was 93%. The uptake of As (III) ions by C. vulgaris reached an equilibrium at 76 min of bio-adsorption. The maximum adsorptive rate of arsenic (III) by C. vulgaris was 55 mg/gm. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich equations were used to fit the experimental data. The best theoretical isotherm of Langmuir, Freundlich, or/and Dubinin-Radushkevich for arsenic bio-adsorption by Chlorella vulgaris was determined. To choose the best theoretical isotherm, the coefficient of correlation was used. The data on absorption appeared to be linearly consistent with the Langmuir (qmax = 45 mgg-1; R2 = 0.9894), Freundlich (kf = 1.44; R2 = 0.7227), and Dubinin-Radushkevich (qD-R = 8.7 mg/g; R2 = 0.951) isotherms. The Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms were both good two-parameter isotherms. In general, Langmuir was demonstrated to be the most accurate model for As (III) bio-adsorption on the bio-adsorbent. Maximum bio-adsorption values and a good correlation coefficient were observed for the first-order kinetic model, indicating that it was the best fitting model and significant in describing the arsenic (III) adsorption process. SEM micrographs of treated and untreated algal cells revealed that ions adsorbed on the algal cell's surface. A Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) was used to analyze the functional groups in algal cells, such as the carboxyl group, hydroxyl, amines, and amides, which aided in the bio-adsorption process. Thus, C. vulgaris has great potential and can be found in eco-friendly biomaterials capable of adsorbing arsenic contaminants from water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Mohammed Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam Nageh Sholkamy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawla Ibrahim Alsamhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neveen Abdel-Raouf
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salem Street, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Ibraheem Borie M Ibraheem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Salah Salem Street, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
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Thomas P, Lai CW, Johan MR. Design of multifunctional C@Fe 3O 4-MoO 3 binary nanocomposite for applications in triphenylmethane textile dye amelioration via ultrasonic adsorption and electrochemical energy storage. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136214. [PMID: 36057345 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the synthesis of C@Fe3O4-MoO3 binary composite were prepared through the facile hydrothermal process. The ultrasonic aided adsorption efficacy was evaluated by studying triphenylmethane dye's adsorption potential. The ultrasonic aided adsorption capacity towards crystal violet was 993.6 mg/g, which is remarkably higher and best fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model and followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The electrochemical studies working electrode have been prepared with 80 wt% active material, 10 wt% carbon black, and 10% polyvinylidene difluoride to evaluate energy storage characteristics. The C@Fe3O4-MoO3 demonstrated an excellent specific capacitance of 40.94 F/g with better retention and stability, making it a potential cathode material for next-generation electrochemical energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Thomas
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya (UM), Level 3, Block A, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chin Wei Lai
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya (UM), Level 3, Block A, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Rafie Johan
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya (UM), Level 3, Block A, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Bhutto AA, Baig JA, Sirajuddin, Kazi TG, Sierra-Alvarez R, Akhtar K, Hussain S, Afridi HI, Hol A, Samejo S. Biosynthesis and Analytical Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanobiocomposite for In-Depth Adsorption Strategy for the Removal of Toxic Metals from Drinking Water. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022; 48:7411-7424. [PMID: 36466582 PMCID: PMC9685060 DOI: 10.1007/s13369-022-07477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of the iron oxide nanoparticles was done using Ixoro coccinea leaf extract, followed by the fabrication of iron oxide nanobiocomposites (I-Fe3O4-NBC) using chitosan biopolymer. Furthermore, the synthesized I-Fe3O4-NPs and I-Fe3O4-NBC were characterized, and I-Fe3O4-NBC was applied to remove toxic metals (TMs: Cd, Ni, and Pb) from water. The characterization study confirmed that the nanostructure, porous, rough, crystalline structure, and different functional groups of chitosan and I-Fe3O4-NPs in I-Fe3O4-NBCs showed their feasibility for the application as excellent adsorbents for quantitative removal of TMs. The batch mode strategy as feasibility testing was done to optimize different adsorption parameters (pH, concentrations of TMs, dose of I-Fe3O4-NBC, contact time, and temperature) for maximum removal of TMs from water by Fe3O4-NBC. The maximum adsorption capacities using nanocomposites for Cd, Ni, and Pb were 66.0, 60.0, and 66.4 mg g-1, respectively. The adsorption process follows the Freundlich isotherm model by I-Fe3O4-NBC to remove Cd and Ni, while the Pb may be adsorption followed by multilayer surface coverage. The proposed adsorption process was best fitted to follow pseudo-second-order kinetics and showed an exothermic, favorable, and spontaneous nature. In addition, the I-Fe3O4-NBC was applied to adsorption TMs from surface water (%recovery > 95%). Thus, it can be concluded that the proposed nanocomposite is most efficient in removing TMs from drinking water up to recommended permissible limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashfaque Ali Bhutto
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080 Pakistan
| | - Jameel Ahmed Baig
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080 Pakistan
| | - Sirajuddin
- ICCBS, HEJ, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Tasneem Gul Kazi
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080 Pakistan
| | - Reyes Sierra-Alvarez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0011 USA
| | - Khalil Akhtar
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080 Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 05422 Pakistan
| | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080 Pakistan
| | - Aysen Hol
- Chemistry Department, Pamukkale University, 20017 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Suraya Samejo
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080 Pakistan
- Chemistry Department, Pamukkale University, 20017 Denizli, Turkey
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Mondal M, Kumar V, Bhatnagar A, Vithanage M, Selvasembian R, Ambade B, Meers E, Chaudhuri P, Biswas JK. Bioremediation of metal(loid) cocktail, struvite biosynthesis and plant growth promotion by a versatile bacterial strain Serratia sp. KUJM3: Exploiting environmental co-benefits. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113937. [PMID: 35931193 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study the multiple metal(loid) (As, Cd, Cu and Ni) resistant bacterium Serratia sp. KUJM3 was able to grow in both single and multiple metal(loid) contaminated wastewater and removed them by 34.93-48.80% and 22.93-32%, respectively. It reduced As(v) to As(III) by 68.44-85.06% in a concentration dependent manner. The strain's IAA production potential increased significantly under both metal(loid)s regime. The lentil (Lens culinaris) seed germination and seed production were enhanced with the exogenous bacterial inoculation by 20.39 and 16.43%, respectively. Under both multi-metal(loid) regimes the bacterial inoculation promoted shoot length (22.65-51.34%), shoot dry weight (33.89-66.11%) and seed production (13.46-35%). Under bacterial manipulation the metal(loid)s immobilization increased with concomitant curtailment of translocation in lentil plant by 61.89-75.14% and 59.19-71.14% in shoot and seed, respectively. The strain biomineralized struvite (MgNH4 PO4 ·6H2O) from human urine @ 403 ± 6.24 mg L-1. The fertilizer potential of struvite was confirmed with the promotion of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) growth traits e.g. leaf number (37.04%), pod number (234%), plant wet weight (65.47%) and seed number (134.52%). Thus Serratia sp. KUJM3 offers multiple benefits of metal(loid)s bioremediation, As(V) reduction, plant growth promotion, and struvite biomineralization garnering a suite of appealing environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monojit Mondal
- Enviromicrobiology, Ecotoxicology and Ecotechnology Research Laboratory (3E-MicroToxTech Lab), Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Engineering and Sciences, G D Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka
| | - Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balram Ambade
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur, 831014, Jharkhand, India
| | - Erik Meers
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Punarbasu Chaudhuri
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Calcutta, 700019, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Enviromicrobiology, Ecotoxicology and Ecotechnology Research Laboratory (3E-MicroToxTech Lab), Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, West Bengal, India; International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India.
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Du J, Zhou A, Lin X, Bu Y. Adsorption mechanism of Pb 2+ in montmorillonite nanopore under various temperatures and concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112817. [PMID: 35092742 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of lead (Pb2+) onto the montmorillonite (Mt) surface is one of the key approaches to remove Pb2+ in geological and environmental engineering. Temperature and initial Pb2+ concentration are two essential factors that influence the adsorption capacity of Mt on absorbing Pb2+. However, the nanoscale governing mechanism of temperature and initial concentration on Pb2+ adsorbing of Mt is still unclear. This research performed comprehensively molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate how temperature and initial concentration affect the dynamic Pb2+ adsorption of Mt nanopore. The Pb2+ removal ratio shows a two-stage variation with the increase of initial Pb2+ concentration. Temperature controls the maximum initial Pb2+ concentration for complete Pb2+ removal by changing the maximum adsorption energy of Mt. Temperature also influences the maximum adsorption capacity and Pb2+ removal ratio of Mt nanopore indirectly by changing diffusion and hydration state of Pb2+. The initial Pb2+ concentration corresponding to the maximum adsorption energy coincides with the maximum initial Pb2+ concentration determined by the Pb2+ removal ratio. Lower adsorption energy and higher level of hydration and diffusion make Pb2+ absorbing on Mt surface become more difficult, reducing the Pb2+ adsorbing capacity of Mt. The initial Pb2+ concentration influences adsorption capacity and Pb2+ removal ratio not only via altering the quantity of Pb2+ but also through controlling the adsorption energy of Mt, as well as the diffusion and hydration state of Pb2+. With the increase of initial Pb2+ concentration, the hydration of Pb2+ is weakened while the adsorption energy of Mt and diffusion of Pb2+ are enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Du
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Annan Zhou
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia.
| | - Xiaoshan Lin
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Yuhuan Bu
- College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
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Adsorption of CO2 on In Situ Functionalized Straw Burning Ashes. An Innovative, Circular Economy-Based Concept for Limitation of Industrial-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15041352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A new, innovative approach in the search for an effective and cheap carbon dioxide sorbent, in line with the circular economy and sustainable development principles, directs the attention of researchers to various types of waste ashes generated as a result of biomass combustion. In addition to the use of environmentally safe materials that have been experimentally identified, and that, in some way, have adjustable sorption capacity, it is also possible to rationally develop a widely applicable, simple, and inexpensive technology based on large amounts of this type of post-industrial waste, which is also an equally important issue for the natural environment (reducing the need for ash storage and accumulation). Even the lower sorption capacity can be successfully compensated for by their common availability and very low cost. Thus, the CO2 adsorption capability of the ashes from the combustion of straw biomass was experimentally investigated with the use of a high-pressure adsorption stand. The presented original technological concept has been positively verified on a laboratory scale, thus a functionalization-based approach to the combustion of substrate mixtures with nano-structural additives (raw, dried, calcined halloysite, kaolinite), introduced to improve the performance of straw biomass combustion and bottom ash formation in power boilers, clearly increased the CO2 adsorption capacity of the modified ashes. This allows for an advantageous synergy effect in the extra side-production of useful adsorbents in the closed-loop “cascade” scheme of the CE process. The addition of 4 wt.% kaolinite to straw biomass caused an over 2.5-fold increase in the CO2 adsorption capacity in relation to ash from the combustion of pure straw biomass (with a CO2 adsorption capacity of 0.132 mmol/g). In the case of addition of 4 wt.% nano-structured species to the straw combustion process, the best effects (ash adsorption capacity) were obtained in the following order: kaolinite (0.321 mmol/g), raw halloysite (0.310 mmol/g), calcined halloysite (0.298 mmol/g), and dried halloysite (0.288 mmol/g). Increasing the dose (in relation to all four tested substances) of the straw biomass additive from 2 to 4 wt.%, not only increase the adsorption capacity of the obtained ash, thus enriched with nano-structural additives, but also a showed a significant reduction in the differences between the maximum adsorption capacity of each ash is observed. The experimental results were analyzed using five models of adsorption isotherms: Freundlich, Langmuir, Jovanović, Temkin, and Hill. Moreover, selected samples of each ash were subjected to porosimetry tests and identification of the surface morphology (SEM). The obtained results can be used in the design of PSA processes or as permanent CO2 adsorbents, based on the environmentally beneficial option of using ashes from biomass combustion with appropriately selected additives.
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Characterization of the Physical, Chemical, and Adsorption Properties of Coal-Fly-Ash–Hydroxyapatite Composites. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11070774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Hydroxyapatite (HAp), which can be obtained by several methods, is known to be a good adsorbent. Coal fly ash (CFA) is a commonly reused byproduct also used in environmental applications as an adsorbent. We sought to answer the following question: Can CFA be included in the method of HAp wet synthesis to produce a composite capable of adsorbing both heavy metals and dyes? (2) High calcium lignite CFA from the thermal power plant in Bełchatów (Poland) was used as the base to prepare CFA–HAp composites. Four types designated CFA–HAp1–4 were synthesized via the wet method of in situ precipitation. The synthesis conditions differed in terms of the calcium reactants used, pH, and temperature. We also investigated the equilibrium adsorption of Cu(II) and rhodamine B (RB) on CFA–HAp1–4. The data were fitted using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich–Peterson models and validated using R2 and χ2/DoF. Surface changes in CFA–HAp2 following Cu(II) and RB adsorption were assessed using SEM, SE, and FT-IR analysis. (3) The obtained composites contained hydroxyapatite (Ca/P 1.67) and aluminosilicates. The mode of Cu(II) and RB adsorption could be explained by the Redlich–Peterson model. The CFA–HAp2 obtained using CFA, Ca(NO3)2, and (NH4)2HPO4 at RT and pH 11 exhibited the highest maximal adsorption capacity: 73.6 mg Cu/g and 87.0 mg RB/g. (4) The clear advantage of chemisorption over physisorption was indicated by the Cu(II)–CFA–HAp system. The RB molecules present in the form of uncharged lactone were favorably adsorbed even on strongly deprotonated CFA–HAp surfaces.
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Huang S, Rao G, Ashraf U, Deng Q, Dong H, Zhang H, Mo Z, Pan S, Tang X. Ultrasonic seed treatment improved morpho-physiological and yield traits and reduced grain Cd concentrations in rice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 214:112119. [PMID: 33714137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice cultivation under cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil often results in reduced growth with excess grain Cd concentrations. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the potential of ultrasonic seed treatment to alleviate Cd stress in rice. Seeds of two aromatic rice cultivars i.e., Xiangyaxiangzhan and Meixiangzhan 2 and two non-aromatic rice cultivars i.e., Huahang 31 and Guangyan 1 were exposed to ultrasonic waves for 1.5 min in 20-40 KHz mixing frequency. The experimental treatments were comprised of untreated seeds (U0) and ultrasonic treated seeds (U1) transplanted in un-contaminated soil (H0) and Cd-contaminated soil (H1). Results revealed that Cd contents and Cd accumulation in grain in U1 were 33.33-42.31% and 12.86-57.58% lower than U0 for fragrant rice cultivars under H1. Meanwhile, biomass production was higher in U1 than U0 under H0 and better yield was assessed in U1 for all cultivars under H1. The activity of peroxidase (POD) in flag leaves was increased by 8.28-115.65% for all cultivars while malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were significantly decreased in U1 compared with U0 under H0. Conclusively, ultrasonic treatment modulated Cd distribution and accumulation in different parts while improved physiological performance as well as yield and grain quality of rice under Cd contaminated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suihua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Gangshun Rao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Umair Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Quanqing Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hao Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huailin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhaowen Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shenggang Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiangru Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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10
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High Efficiency of the Removal Process of Pb(II) and Cu(II) Ions with the Use of Fly Ash from Incineration of Sunflower and Wood Waste Using the CFBC Technology. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14061771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In these research studies, fly ash (SW-FA) resulting from the incineration of sunflower (20%) and wood (80%) waste employing the circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) technology was used to analyze the possibility of removing Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions in adsorption processes. Currently, great emphasis is placed on circular economy, zero waste or climate neutrality strategies. The use of low-cost SW-FA waste seems to fit well with pro-ecological, economic and energy-saving trends. Hence, this material was characterized by various techniques, such as granulation analysis, bulk density, SEM-EDX, XRD and XRF analysis, BET, BJH, thermogravimetry, zeta potential, SEM morphology and FT-IR spectrometry. As a result of the conducted research, the factors influencing the effectiveness of the adsorption process, such as adsorbent dosage, initial and equilibrium pH, initial metal concentration and contact time, were analyzed. The maximum removal efficiency were achieved at the level of 99.8% for Pb(II) and 99.6% for Cu(II), respectively. The kinetics analysis and isotherms showed that the pseudo-second-order equation and the Freundlich isotherm models better describe these processes. The experiments proved that SW-FA can act as an appropriate adsorbent for highly effective removal of lead and copper from wastewater and improvement of water quality.
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Roy D, Neogi S, De S. Adsorptive removal of heavy metals from battery industry effluent using MOF incorporated polymeric beads: A combined experimental and modeling approach. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123624. [PMID: 33264856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the metal organic framework (MOF) ZIF-8 was investigated as potential adsorbent for heavy metal ions. The MOF powder was used further to prepare mixed matrix beads (MMBs) using polysulfone as the base material. Both the MOF powder and the MMBs were characterized using Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analyzer and zetasizer. Adsorption capacity of the MMBs were 164-220 mg/g for Pb and 92-161 mg/g for Cd. A fundamental pore diffusion-adsorption model was used to predict the batch kinetics for both single and multicomponent cases and effective pore diffusivities and mass transfer coefficients were determined. Mutual interactions among heavy metals were quantified using interaction parameters. ZIF-8, incorporated in the PSF matrix, plays the predominant role in capturing the metal ions through surface complexation with the NH and metal-OH groups. A first principle-based model involving convection, diffusion and adsorption was used to quantify the breakthrough behavior for the continuous fixed bed column using the MMBs. The column performance was tested with battery industry effluent. The saturated beads were suitably regenerated using 0.1(M) HCl solution. Finally, the model parameters were used for scaling up of the columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Roy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Sudarsan Neogi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Sirshendu De
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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Chatterjee A, Jana AK, Basu JK. A binary MOF of iron and copper for treating ciprofloxacin-contaminated waste water by an integrated technique of adsorption and photocatalytic degradation. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02880d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel MIL 53(Fe–Cu) was synthesized by a solvothermal process. This binary metal organic framework removed ciprofloxacin from waste water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Chatterjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-732302, India
| | - Amiya Kumar Jana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-732302, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Basu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-732302, India
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13
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Cyanobacterial Extracellular Polymeric Substances for Heavy Metal Removal: A Mini Review. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs5010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals from various natural and anthropogenic sources are becoming a chief threat to the aquatic system owing to their toxic and lethal effect. The treatment of such contaminated wastewater is one of the prime concerns in this field. For decades, a huge array of innovative biosorbents is used for heavy metal removal. Though extensive microbes and their biomolecules have been experimented and have showed great potential but most of them have failed to have the substantial breakthrough for the practical application. The present review emphasis on the potential utilization of the cyanobacteria for the heavy metal removal along with the toxic effect imposed by the pollutant. Furthermore, the effect of significant parameters, plausible mechanistic insights of the heavy metal toxicity imposed onto the cyanobacteria is also discussed in detail. The role of extrapolymeric substances and metallothionein secreted by the microbes are also elaborated. The review was evident that the cyanobacterial species have a huge potential towards the heavy metal removal from the aqueous system ranging from very low to very high concentrations.
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Statistical optimization of textile dye effluent adsorption by Gracilaria edulis using Plackett-Burman design and response surface methodology. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05219. [PMID: 33088969 PMCID: PMC7566099 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Statistical optimization models were employed to optimize the adsorption of textile dye effluent onto Gracilaria edulis. Significant factors responsible for adsorption were determined using Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and were time, pH, and dye concentration. Box-Behnken (BB) design was used for further optimization. The predicted and the experimental values were found to be in good agreement, the coefficient of determination value 0.9935 and adjusted coefficient of determination value 0.9818 indicated that the model was significant. The results of predicted response optimization showed that maximum decolorization could be attained with time 131.51 min, pH 7.48, and dye concentration 23.13%. The model was validated experimentally with 92.65% decolorization efficiency. The experiment was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high-resolution scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (HR-SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and pore size analysis techniques. Desorption studies at various pH (2–14) were performed and a maximum of 23% of the dye was recovered from the adsorbed biomass.
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Gupt CB, Bordoloi S, Sekharan S, Sarmah AK. A feasibility study of Indian fly ash-bentonite as an alternative adsorbent composite to sand-bentonite mixes in landfill liner. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114811. [PMID: 32512424 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Multi-layered engineered landfill consists of the bottom liner layer (mainly bentonite clay (B)) upon which the hazardous wastes are dumped. In current practice, sand (S) is mixed with bentonite to mitigate the adverse effects of using bentonite alone in the liner layer. Incorporation of waste and unutilized fly ash (FA) as an amendment material to B has been explored in terms of its hydro-mechanical properties, but not gauged its adsorption potential. Indian subcontinent primarily relies on the thermal power source, and FA dumps have already reached its full capacity. The objective of this study is to explore the adsorption characteristics of four B-FA composite mixes sourced within India, considering Pb2+ as a model contaminant. The effect of fly ash type, fly ash amendment rate and adsorbate concentration was explored in the current study and juxtaposed with B-S mixes, based on 960 batch adsorption tests. Both B-FA and B-S mixes reached equilibrium adsorption capacity within 65 min. At higher adsorbate concentrations (commonly observed in the liner), B-FA mixes exhibited superior adsorption capacity, mainly one mixed with Neyvelli fly ash (NFA). The effect of higher amendment rate had little impact on the adsorption capacity at different concentration, but gradually decreased the percentage removal of Pb2+. The B-S mix showed a drastic decrease in percentage removal at higher adsorbate concentration among all tested mixes. Systematic characterization including geotechnical properties, microstructure and chemical analysis was also done to interpret the obtained results. Both Freundlich and Langmuir models fitted the isotherm data well for all B-FA mixes. The maximum adsorption capacity from the isotherm was correlated to easily measurable Atterberg limits by two empirical relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Bhanu Gupt
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sanandam Bordoloi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Sreedeep Sekharan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ajit K Sarmah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Dong X, Jin B, Cao S, Ding Q, Wei Y, Chen T. CO x co-methanation over coal combustion fly ash supported Ni-Re bimetallic catalyst: Transformation from hazardous to high value-added products. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122668. [PMID: 32344361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The hazardous industrial waste, coal combustion fly ash (CCFA), was creatively applied as Ni-Re bimetallic catalyst support. The expected catalyst was facilely prepared by co-impregnation method and further tested for COx co-methanation in a continuous fixed-bed reactor. The physico-chemical properties of the catalyst were examined by a series of techniques including XRF, ICP, XRD, N2 isothermal adsorption, H2-TPR, SEM and TEM. The results showed that compared to non-promoted monometallic Ni catalyst, the addition of Re promoter forming Ni-Re bimetallic catalyst was able to facilitate NiO reduction and increase Ni dispersion as well as inhibit carbon deposition and Ni sintering during reaction. The performance tests revealed that Ni15Re1.0 presented superior COx co-methanation activity over Ni15Re0, Ni15Re0.5 and Ni15Re1.5 due to its better anti-coking and anti-sintering ability. Based on in-situ DRIFTS analysis, a possible cycle reaction mechanism of COx co-methanation was reasonably proposed in the end. The reaction pathway for CO and CO2 methanation differed from each other, where CO was linearly adsorbed on Ni metals followed by stepwise hydrogenation while CO2 was first immobilized by the surface hydroxyl group and then gradually reacted with H2 to form CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Baosheng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China.
| | - Songshan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
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Gupt CB, Bordoloi S, Sekharan S, Sarmah AK. Adsorption characteristics of Barmer bentonite for hazardous waste containment application. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122594. [PMID: 32302887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Low hydraulic conductivity and high chemical immobilization are the two characteristics that make bentonite a mandatory construction material for hazardous waste containment applications. We performed a comprehensive batch sorption study on Barmer bentonite (BB), an exclusive construction clay mined in India, using lead (Pb2+) as a model contaminant. The maximum adsorption capacity of BB was obtained as 55 mg g-1 at pH 5 and 27 ± 2℃. Adsorption was extremely rapid, with equilibrium attained <5 min for the BB. Increased adsorbent dosage resulted in higher Pb2+ percentage removal, while adsorption capacity decreased. Ionic strength, salt concentration, valency and ionic radius played a critical role in suppressing the adsorption of Pb2+. Clay fabric change was observed to be dispersed at low ionic strength and gradually attained aggregated face-to-face structures at high ionic strength. The simultaneous presence of other metals/salts strongly influenced Pb2+ removal by BB, while divalent salt exhibited high suppression of adsorptive reaction at low concentrations. Sorption isotherm and kinetic modeling results indicated the possibility of chemisorption of Pb2+ on BB. Based on the thermodynamic analysis, it was noted that Pb2+ adsorption on BB is exothermic, spontaneous and adsorption reaction is less favorable at a higher temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Bhanu Gupt
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India
| | - Sanandam Bordoloi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sreedeep Sekharan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India
| | - Ajit K Sarmah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92010, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Interfacial electrochemical properties of natural Moroccan Ghassoul (stevensite) clay in aqueous suspension. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03634. [PMID: 32258480 PMCID: PMC7109421 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A raw Moroccan clay locally named “Ghassoul” (Gh) was characterized using several techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller method (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and simultaneous Thermo-Gravimetric and Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA/DTA). These techniques indicate that the Gh consists essentially of steveniste, calcite, dolomite and quartz. The study of the interfacial electrochemical properties of Gh in different solutions of electrolyte salts (NaCl, CsCl, NaF, NaBr and LiCl) was carried out using the potentiometric and conductometric titrations It was shown that the Gh particles were stable in aqueous phase within the pH range (3–12) and the point of zero charge (PZC) was located at pH = 10.7. The adsorption sequence, carried out at various ionic strengths, showed that the adsorption mechanism onto the Gh particles is both electrostatic and specific at pH below the pHpzc, while at a pH range greater than the pHpzc the mechanism is electrostatic in nature. The total number of surface sites, determined using the graphical extrapolation method, was 11OH/nm2. Ionization constants (pKint+ and pKint−) in the presence of various electrolytes have also been determined and their values are 10.08 and 12.38, respectively.
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Kumar M, Singh AK, Sikandar M. Biosorption of Hg (II) from aqueous solution using algal biomass: kinetics and isotherm studies. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03321. [PMID: 32042987 PMCID: PMC7000812 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work investigated the ability of algal biomass Chlorella vulgaris to remove mercury from aqueous solutions. The mercury biosorption process was studied through batch experiments 35 °C temperature with regard to the influence of contact time, initial mercury concentration, pH and desorption. The maximum adsorption capacity was registered at pH 6. The adsorption conduct of Hg(II) was defined by pseudo second order well rather pseudo first order as the experimental data (qe) come to an agreement with the calculated value. The kinetics of adsorption was fast and a high capacity of adsorption occurred within only 90 min. The adsorption data were signified by many models but Langmuir (qmax = 42. mg g−1) & Freundlich fitted well having regression coefficients near to unity. The thermodynamic parameters were also suited well as negative value of free energy cope up to spontaneity, positive value of the randomness described by ΔS attributed to affinity of Hg+2 towards algal bioadsorbant and high positive value of heat of enthalpy designates that the adsorption process is expected due to robust interactions between the Hg(II) ions and various functional groups on surface of algal bioadsorbant. Field emission scanning electron microscopy integrated with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis before and after adsorption of Hg(II) reveals the adsorption of metallic ions over the surface. FTIR study supported the existence of various functional groups (carboxylix, amines, hydroxyls, amides etc.) helped in adsorption. Continuous adsorption desorption experiments proved that algal cells was excellent biosorbents with potential for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Kumar
- Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board, Sadbhawna Nagar, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208001, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Alak Kumar Singh
- Department of Food Technology, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Nawabganj, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208002, India
| | - Mohammad Sikandar
- Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board, Sadbhawna Nagar, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208001, India
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