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Montgomery AP, Patrician PA. COVID-19 Stressors and Resilience Among Nurse Leaders. Nurs Adm Q 2024; 48:E21-E29. [PMID: 39213412 DOI: 10.1097/naq.0000000000000607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic introduced many new stressors to nurses in general, yet little is known about COVID-19-related stressors and resilience among nursing leaders. The aims of this study were to explore (1) the COVID-19-related stressor and resilience by personal and work demographics, (2) the relationship between COVID-19 stressors and resilience, and (3) resilience strategies used by leaders and their recommendations to other nurse leaders. This descriptive, cross-sectional study employed an electronic survey to measure COVID-19-related stressors and resilience and included qualitative open-ended questions. A total of 57 nurse leaders responded to the survey. Nurse leaders who were female, African American, chief nurse executive or nursing director, and had more than 10 years of experience reported highest COVID-19 stress in most of subscales. Nurse leaders who were male, African American, chief nurse executive or nursing director, and had more than 10 years of experience reported highest resilience scores. Nurse leaders with higher resilience levels had lower levels of COVID-19 stress in all subscales. Nurse leaders reported the top 3 resilience strategies as (1) prayer and faith, (2) social support, and (3) self-care and the top 3 recommendations to other nurse leaders as (1) disconnect, (2) positive and creative thinking, and (3) self-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoyjai P Montgomery
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (Dr Montgomery), School of Nursing (Dr Patrician), University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Karadem FB, Demirdaş A, Işık Ü, Kılıç F. Investigation of the psychiatric factors that determine the fear of COVID-19 in healthcare workers and hospital staff in a university hospital in Turkey. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 52:617-629. [PMID: 34224594 PMCID: PMC8426827 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To examine the association of health and hospital workers' fears of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, depression, and sociodemographic variables during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 527 participants (237 men/289 women) were included, 222 of the participants were doctors, 99 nurses, 22 assistant health personnel, and 182 hospital personnel without health education. Participants filled in the sociodemographic data form, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3, and Fear of COVID-19 Inventory. In linear regression analysis, independent predictors of the fear of COVID-19 were determined as Beck Anxiety Inventory (p < 0.001), Beck Depression Inventory (p = 0.001), and Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 Physical subscale (p = 0.001). The fear of COVID-19 is associated with the physical subscale of anxiety, depression, and anxiety sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ümit Işık
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineSüleyman Demirel UniversityIspartaTurkey
| | - Faruk Kılıç
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineSüleyman Demirel UniversityIspartaTurkey
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Nasar S, Shome R, Kabir S, Gnani S, Rao M, Rashid SF. Understanding the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and well-being among university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A nested mixed-methods study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27588. [PMID: 38515726 PMCID: PMC10955232 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background University students are more at risk of mental illness compared with the general population. Declaration of a global COVID-19 pandemic led the Bangladesh government in March 2020 to implement a national lockdown, home quarantining, social distancing measures, and closure of educational institutions. We aimed to explore the impact of lockdown on the mental health and well-being of university students in Bangladesh. Methods A nested mixed-methods survey design was undertaken using a semi structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews conducted by telephone of 73 university students (mean age of 22 years, range 18 to 26-years-old) attending public and private academic institutions in Dhaka. A questionnaire was developed de-novo and pre-tested. Qualitative, open-ended questions were used to understand experiences regarding students' mental health and well-being, their perceptions of COVID-19, and coping strategies. Results Fifty nine percent of students reported that lockdown had a significant impact on their mental health and well-being. They described difficulties with social isolation and loneliness, motivation, and interpersonal conflict within families. Students' knowledge of COVID-19 were high with television, newspapers, online, and social media were main sources of information; few relied on government reports. Most pressing concerns were timely graduation and employment (83%), not being able to socialize (46%), being stuck at home (37%), and financial difficulties regarding university fees (29%). Additional underlying stressors included financial insecurity of respondents' households and parental health. Coping strategies included watching television or films, online meetings with friends, social media, as well interactions with family. Conclusion As a result of Bangladesh's first national lockdown, university students experienced negative effects on their mental health and well-being. There is an urgent need for greater proactive measures within educational settings, such as mental health literacy programmes and diagnosis management that could mitigate and prevent adverse impacts of future lockdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameen Nasar
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rituja Shome
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Selima Kabir
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shamini Gnani
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mala Rao
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sabina F. Rashid
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Islam MA, Bhuiyan MAF. Factors affecting citizen safety of urban transportation service in Bangladesh: The case of Pabna municipality. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24697. [PMID: 38347904 PMCID: PMC10859772 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background With the rapid growth of cities, the extent of road accidents has increased, posing a threat to the safety of citizens. In Bangladesh, like many other countries, urban areas face a high incidence of road accidents, leading to loss of life, injuries, and economic costs. This research aims to investigate the factors affecting citizen safety of urban transportation service in Bangladesh. Methods This study utilized verbal interviews maintained by questionnaires to gather data on citizen perception regarding factors impacting transportation safety. The questionnaire consisted of two sections, collecting non-parametric data on travel behavior and socioeconomic factors, and parametric data on factors related to transportation safety. The dataset was subsequently analyzed using statistical devices such as descriptive statistics, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Pearson's Correlation Matrix (PCM), and Cluster Analysis (CA). Results and conclusion The findings of the study indicate strong significant correlations among several pairs of variables. Notably, traffic rules and enforcement, and driver travel behavior demonstrate a strong positive correlation of 0.784. Similarly, vehicle condition and safety features, and traffic rules and enforcement display a robust positive association of 0.764. PCA demonstrate 23% of the total variance, with a significant positive loading affecting citizen safety, which is influenced by traffic rules enforcement and drivers' travel behavior. The research findings emphasize the implication of traffic rule enforcement and responsible driver behavior in ensuring citizen safety. In Bangladesh, inadequate transportation regulation enforcement has led to high rates of reckless driving and traffic accidents, especially among pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashraful Islam
- Department of Public Administration, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna-6600, Bangladesh
| | - Md Al-Fahad Bhuiyan
- Department of Public Administration, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna-6600, Bangladesh
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Cardinali P, Olcese M, Antichi L, Migliorini L. Cumulative trauma and perceived community resilience: A serial mediation model. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 52:276-288. [PMID: 37883163 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.23097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Communities affected by cumulative trauma can experience negative psychological reactions but also posttraumatic growth and community resilience, which promote adaptation and preparation for future traumatic events. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms that mediate the relationship between traumatic events and perceived community resilience. Participants were 118 Italian adults who experienced cumulative trauma and were recruited to complete an online survey. A serial multiple mediation model was estimated to assess whether the impact of the Morandi bridge collapse and posttraumatic growth mediated the relationship between the psychological impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and perceived community resilience. The impact of the collapsed bridge and posttraumatic growth in serial partially mediated the relationship between the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and perceived community resilience. The impact of cumulative trauma can be considered through an ecological perspective that considers the consequences of these events in relation to community resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Olcese
- Department of Educational Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Antichi
- Health Science Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Migliorini
- Department of Educational Science, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Xu K, Geng S, Dou D, Liu X. Relations between Video Game Engagement and Social Development in Children: The Mediating Role of Executive Function and Age-Related Moderation. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:833. [PMID: 37887483 PMCID: PMC10604845 DOI: 10.3390/bs13100833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The global proliferation of video games, particularly among children, has led to growing concerns about the potential impact on children's social development. Executive function is a cognitive ability that plays a crucial role in children's social development, but a child's age constrains its development. To examine the association between video game engagement and children's social development while considering the mediating role of executive function and the moderating role of age, a questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 431 parents. The results revealed a negative relation between video game engagement and social development in children, with executive function found to mediate this relation fully. Additionally, the negative association between video game engagement and executive function became more pronounced as children grew older. In light of these findings, it is advisable to adopt proactive strategies to limit excessive video game use, consider the developmental characteristics of children at different ages, and prioritize the promotion of executive function to facilitate social development among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- College of Preschool Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; (K.X.); (S.G.)
| | - Shuliang Geng
- College of Preschool Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; (K.X.); (S.G.)
| | - Donghui Dou
- School of Sociology and Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Xiaocen Liu
- College of Preschool Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; (K.X.); (S.G.)
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Tesfaye Y, Alemu B, Soboka M, Girma S, Reinhard MA, Rek S, Adorjan K, Zhelyazkova A, Padberg F, Jobst A, Abera M. Mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic among residents of Jimma town: a cross-sectional study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023:10.1007/s00406-023-01674-y. [PMID: 37715069 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01674-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic presents an unprecedented challenge to community wellbeing and mental health. However, quantifiable information on the extent of mental health problems and associated factors due to the pandemic is still lacking in low-income countries. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress and their association with risk and resilience factors among residents of Jimma town in Southwestern Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2021 and November 2021. Data were collected from 1196 adult Jimma town residents selected through multi-stage sampling. The following scales were used for the cross-sectional assessment of depressions, anxiety and stress and their associations: depression, anxiety, and stress-21(DASS-21), World Health Organization (WHO) wellbeing, University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA), Childhood trauma questionnaire, and brief resilience scales. A pre-tested, interviewer-completed questionnaire was used for data collection. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. Odds ratios consistent with 95% CI were used to report the presence of an association between risk and resilience factors and the outcome variable at a P-value < 0.05. Overall, 963 (80.53%) respondents had divergent DASS-21 score findings. Specifically, 27.68%, 31.52% and 21.32% experienced depression, anxiety, and stress respectively. Higher DASS-21 scores were associated with the presence of one or more COVID-19 risk factors for anyone close to the participants (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.03-2.27), feelings of stress/burden (β = 1.09, 95% CI 1.07-1.12), positive coping (β = 1.044, 95% CI 1.01-1.07), loneliness (β = 1.063, 95% CI 1.04-1.08), and childhood trauma (β = 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.04). In contrast, lower DASS-21 scores were associated with beliefs about the necessity of solidarity-based behavior (β = 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.98), resilience (β = 0.92, 95% CI 0.87-0.97) and wellbeing (β = 0.90, 95% CI 0.87-0.94). In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in the study community were prevalent, and associated with numerous risk and resilience factors. Although causality cannot be inferred, these findings underscore the importance of strengthening mental health services and may guide COVID-19 prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonas Tesfaye
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
| | - Bezaye Alemu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Matiwos Soboka
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Shimelis Girma
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Matthias A Reinhard
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Rek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristina Adorjan
- Center for International Health, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ana Zhelyazkova
- Institut für Notfallmedizin und Medizinmanagement (INM), Klinikum der, Universität München LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Padberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Jobst
- Center for International Health, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mubarek Abera
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Ullah MS, Akhter S, Aziz MA, Islam M. Social support: mediating the emotional intelligence-academic stress link. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1218636. [PMID: 37736153 PMCID: PMC10509480 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1218636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study examines the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and academic stress among tertiary-level students who continued academic activities remotely during the pandemic and the mediating role of social support (SS) in the relationship. Methods Using a cross-sectional survey design, 429 students studying business, engineering, social science, and science in Bangladesh provided data via Qualtrics. Using the Structural Equation Modeling in SmartPLS 4 (4.0.8.9), we modeled emotional intelligence as the reflective-formative and social support (support from family, friends, and significant other) and perceived academic stress as the reflective-reflective, second-order constructs. We also conducted a one-way between-groups analysis of variance (ANOVA) to investigate the impact of gender (male and female) and current stage of academic study (Undergraduate year one to four and post-graduation) on emotional intelligence and academic stress, respectively. Results and discussion Results show that all the hypothesized relationships are statistically significant: EI is negatively related to perceived academic stress, and SS significantly mediates the relationship between EI and academic stress. Hence, essential strategies are suggested to help students for managing academic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Muhaiminul Islam
- Department of Organization Strategy and Leadership, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Hammad HM, Nauman HMF, Abbas F, Jawad R, Farhad W, Shahid M, Bakhat HF, Farooque AA, Mubeen M, Fahad S, Cerda A. Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on environment, society, and food security. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:99261-99272. [PMID: 36773256 PMCID: PMC9918832 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is a viral and transferable disease caused by severe respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2. It can spread through breathing droplets in human beings. It caused 5.32 million deaths around the world at the end of 2021. COVID-19 has caused several positive impacts as well, such as a reduction in air, water, and noise pollution. However, its negative impacts are by far critical such as increased death rate, increased release of microcontaminants (pesticides, biocides, pharmaceuticals, surfactants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), flame retardants, and heavy metals), increased biomedical waste generation due to excessive use of safety equipment and its disposal, and municipal solid waste generation. Environmental pollution was significantly reduced due to lockdown during the COVID-19 period. Therefore, the quality of air and water improved. COVID-19 affected all sections of the population, particularly the most vulnerable members of society, and thus pushed more people into poverty. At the world level, it increased risks to food safety by increasing prices and lowering revenues, forcing households to reduce their food consumption in terms of quantity and quality. COVID-19 also upset various exercises e.g., horticulture, fisheries, domesticated animals, and agribusiness hence prohibiting the development of merchandise for poor-country ranchers. Most of the patients can self-recover from COVID-19 if they do not have any other diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart problems. Predictably, the appropriate execution of the proposed approaches (vaccination, wearing face masks, social distancing, sustainable industrialization) is helpful for worldwide environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Mohkum Hammad
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | | | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Engineering Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, P.O. Box 24449, Qatar
| | - Rashid Jawad
- Department of Horticulture, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Farhad
- Sub-Campus Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, University College of Dera Murad Jamali Naseerabad, Uthal, 90150, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Faiq Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Aitazaz A Farooque
- Canadian Center for Climate Change and Adaptation University of Prince Edward Island, St Peter's Bay, PE, Canada
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| | - Muhammad Mubeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Artemi Cerda
- Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group, Department de Geografia, Universitat de València, BlascoIbàñez, 28, 46010, Valencia, Spain
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Sargu L, Andrioni F, Popp L, Netedu A, Bularca MC, Otovescu A, Motoi G, Negrilă I, Goian C, Coman C, Chirugu G. The Role of Mass Media in Influencing the Lifestyle of the Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1816. [PMID: 37444648 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The elderly represent one of the categories that was most affected by the pandemic period. The purpose of this research was to analyze the ways in which mass media and very often contradictory information flows influenced the lives and personal communications of the Romanian elderly population during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to conduct the research, we used a mixed-methods approach. For the quantitative research, we gave a questionnaire to the elderly population of Romania, and for the qualitative research, we conducted interviews. Our quantitative sample included 881 retired persons with an age between 55 and 94 years old; the mean age was 71.48 years old with 6.6 years standard deviation. The elderly described the pandemic period using negative words: fear, loneliness, anxiety, disaster; the channel they mostly watched and trusted was the TV; they were aware of the measures they had to take to protect themselves; they missed most of the meetings with the family and the main problems they had were represented by loneliness, the inability to be with their families or the lack of access to medical services. The elderly's mass media consumption during the pandemic was mostly represented by TV consumption; the information spread by mass media was sometimes contradictory; it influenced their behavior and may have generated feelings of anxiety among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Sargu
- Department of Economy and Tourism, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of European Studies of Moldova, 2069 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Felicia Andrioni
- Department of Socio-Humanities Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Petrosani, 332006 Petrosani, Romania
| | - Lavinia Popp
- Department of Social Work, Faculty of Sociology and Social Work, University "Babeş-Bolyai"-Reşiţa University Center, 400347 Resita, Romania
| | - Adrian Netedu
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political Sciences, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Cristina Bularca
- Department of Social Sciences and Communication, Faculty of Sociology and Communication, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Adrian Otovescu
- Department of Communication, Journalism and Education Sciences, Faculty of Letters, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Gabriela Motoi
- Department of Sociology, Philosophy, and Social Work, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ion Negrilă
- Doctoral School of Social and Humanities Sciences, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Cosmin Goian
- Department of Social Work, Faculty of Sociology and Psychology, West University of Timisoara, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Claudiu Coman
- Department of Social Sciences and Communication, Faculty of Sociology and Communication, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Gianina Chirugu
- Faculty of Theology, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900527 Constanta, Romania
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Abbass K, Basit A, Niazi AAK, Mufti R, Zahid N, Qazi TF. Evaluating the social outcomes of COVID-19 pandemic: empirical evidence from Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:61466-61478. [PMID: 35306646 PMCID: PMC8934127 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19628-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to assess and analyze the social outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study uses the discourse of comprehensive literature review to identify the outcomes, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) for developing a structural model and Matrices' Impacts Cruise's Multiplication Appliquée a UN Classement (MICMAC) for analysis, classification of societal outcomes, and corroboration of results of ISM. Data from fifteen experts was collected through a survey questionnaire. As a result of the literature review, a list of sixteen outcomes was generated and verified by a panel of experts. Results of ISM revealed that the outcomes, namely, "emotional instability," "mental health self-harm," loneliness reduced recreational activities, obesity, and "increased screen time" come at the top of the model; therefore, they are less vital outcomes, whereas the most significant outcome which is at the bottom of the model is "employment instability"; hence it has a major impact on the society. The remaining outcomes fall in the middle of the model, so they have a moderate-severe impact. Results of MICMAC validate the findings of ISM. Overall findings of the study reveal that "employment instability" is the crucial social outcome of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is an original attempt based on real-time data, which is helpful for society at large, researchers, the international community, and policymakers because this study provides a lot of new information about the phenomenon. The study includes understanding society at large, policymakers, and researchers by illustrating the complex relations and simplifying the connections among a wide range of social outcomes of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Abbass
- School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094 China
- Riphah School of Business and Management, Riphah International University Lahore, Raiwind Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Basit
- Lahore Institute of Science and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Aziz Khan Niazi
- Institute of Business and Management, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ramish Mufti
- Lahore Institute of Science and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nauman Zahid
- Lahore Institute of Science and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tehmina Fiaz Qazi
- Hailey College of Banking and Finance, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Parvin R. The Nexus Between COVID-19 Factors and Air Pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2023; 17:11786302231164288. [PMID: 37065166 PMCID: PMC10099915 DOI: 10.1177/11786302231164288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective There have been significant effects of the current coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) infection outbreak on many facets of everyday life, particularly the environment. Despite the fact that a number of studies have already been published on the topic, an analysis of those studies' findings on COVID-19's effects on environmental pollution is still lacking. The goal of the research is to look into greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution in Bangladesh when COVID-19 is under rigorous lockdown. The specific drivers of the asymmetric relationship between air pollution and COVID-19 are being investigated. Methods The nonlinear relationship between carbon dioxide ( C O 2 ) emissions, fine particulate matter ( P M 2 . 5 ) , and COVID-19, as well as its precise components, are also being investigated. To examine the asymmetric link between COVID-19 factors on C O 2 emissions and P M 2 . 5 , we employed the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model. Daily positive cases and daily confirmed death by COVID-19 are considered the factors of COVID-19, with lockdown as a dummy variable. Results The bound test confirmed the existence of long-run and short-run relationships between variables. Bangladesh's strict lockdown, enforced in reaction to a surge of COVID-19 cases, reduced air pollution and dangerous gas emissions, mainly C O 2 , according to the dynamic multipliers graph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Parvin
- Department of Statistics, International University
of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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13
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Deb S, Dorji N, Kar S, Maria Sunny A, Deb S, Ghosh S, Chakraborty S. COVID-19 and stress of Indian youth: An association with background, on-line mode of teaching, resilience and hope. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2023; 12:100502. [PMID: 36874036 PMCID: PMC9957495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 pandemic causes serious threats to physical health and triggers wide varieties of psychological problems, including anxiety and depression. Youth exhibit a greater risk of developing psychological distress, especially during epidemics influencing their wellbeing. Objectives To identify the relevant dimensions of psychological stress, mental health, hope and resilience and to examine the prevalence of stress in Indian youth and its relationship with socio-demographic information, online-mode of teaching, hope and resilience. Method A cross-sectional online survey obtained information on socio-demographic background, online-mode of teaching, psychological stress, hope and resilience from the Indian youth. A Factor Analysis is also conducted on the recompenses of the Indian youth on psychological stress, mental health, hope and resilience separately to identify the major factors associated with parameters. The sample size in this study was 317, which is more than the required sample size (Tabachnik et al., 2001). Results About 87% of the Indian youth perceived moderate to a high levels of psychological stress during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Different demographic, sociographic and psychographic segments were found to have high stress levels due to the pandemic, while psychological stress was found to be negatively correlated with resilience as well as hope. The findings identified significant dimensions of the stress caused by the pandemic and also identified the dimensions of mental health, resilience and hope among the study subjects. Conclusion As stress has a long-term impact on human psychology and can disrupt the lives of people and as the findings suggest that the young population of the country have faced the greatest amount of stress during the pandemic, a greater need for mental health support is required to the young population, especially in post pandemic situations. The integration of online counselling and stress management programs could assist in mitigating the stress of youth involved in distance learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibnath Deb
- Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (MYAS), Government of India (GOI), Pennalur, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu 602 105, India
| | - Nidup Dorji
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Nursing and Public Health, KhesarGyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Samarjit Kar
- Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Aleena Maria Sunny
- Faculty, Department of Applied Psychology, Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (MYAS), Government of India (GOI), Pennalur, Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu 602 105, India
| | - Shayana Deb
- Department of Psychology, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, India
| | - Saugat Ghosh
- Xavier Business School, St. Xavier's University, Kolkata, India
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Meaklim H, Junge MF, Varma P, Finck WA, Jackson ML. Beyond Stress: Altered Sleep-Wake Patterns are a Key Behavioral Risk Factor for Acute Insomnia During Times of Crisis. Behav Sleep Med 2023; 21:208-225. [PMID: 35604338 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2022.2074996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is a common precipitant of acute insomnia; however, reducing stress during times of crisis is challenging. This study aimed to determine which modifiable factors, beyond stress, were associated with acute insomnia during a major crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic. PARTICIPANTS/METHODS A global online survey assessed sleep/circadian, stress, mental health, and lifestyle factors between April-May 2020. Logistic regression models analyzed data from 1319 participants (578 acute insomnia, 731 good sleepers), adjusted for demographic differences. RESULTS Perceived stress was a significant predictor of acute insomnia during the pandemic (OR 1.23, 95% CI1.19-1.27). After adjusting for stress, individuals who altered their sleep-wake patterns (OR 3.36, CI 2.00-5.67) or increased technology use before bed (OR 3.13, CI 1.13-8.65) were at increased risk of acute insomnia. Other sleep factors associated with acute insomnia included changes in dreams/nightmares (OR 2.08, CI 1.32-3.27), increased sleep effort (OR 1.99, CI1.71-2.31) and cognitive pre-sleep arousal (OR 1.18, CI 1.11-1.24). For pandemic factors, worry about contracting COVID-19 (OR 3.08, CI 1.18-8.07) and stringent government COVID-19 restrictions (OR 1.12, CI =1.07-1.18) were associated with acute insomnia. Anxiety (OR 1.02, CI 1.01-1.05) and depressive (OR 1.29, CI 1.22-1.37) symptoms were also risk factors. A final hierarchical regression model revealed that after accounting for stress, altered sleep-wake patterns were a key behavioral predictor of acute insomnia (OR 2.60, CI 1.68-5.81). CONCLUSION Beyond stress, altered sleep-wake patterns are a key risk factor for acute insomnia. Modifiable behaviors such as maintaining regular sleep-wake patterns appear vital for sleeping well in times of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey Meaklim
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Moira F Junge
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,The Sleep Health Foundation, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Prerna Varma
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wendy A Finck
- Faculty of Education, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melinda L Jackson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Internet addiction and loneliness among school-going adolescents in Bangladesh in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13340. [PMID: 36743850 PMCID: PMC9889277 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Internet addiction (IA) by children and adolescents is a concern for parents. The intensity of this problem has increased in the context of COVID-19 pandemic across the world. Here we aimed to evaluate internet usage patterns, addiction to internet use, and mental health among Bangladeshi school-going adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted this cross-sectional study among 502 school-going adolescents. Pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect information related to demographics and the internet usage pattern. We assessed the prevalence of IA and loneliness using the internet addiction test (IAT) scale and UCLA-3 loneliness scale. The prevalence of IA and loneliness among Bangladeshi school-going adolescents were 88.25% and 72.51%, respectively. Individuals with English-medium education, higher classes, high economic status, mobile internet connection, online gaming habits, and living without family showed significantly higher levels of IA. Moreover, a high proportion of loneliness was observed among individuals with high financial conditions, mobile internet connection, and who watch movies on the internet. The present study findings suggest a strong association between demographics, internet usage patterns, IA, and the mental health of adolescents. These results would have practical inferences in clinical psychology, psychotherapy, and related fields. Based on this finding, the healthcare authorities and professionals can develop an inclusive interventional approach for adolescents who suffer from IA and mental health disorders.
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16
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Sarker MR, Rouf Sarkar MA, Alam MJ, Begum IA, Bhandari H. Systems thinking on the gendered impacts of COVID-19 in Bangladesh: A systematic review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13773. [PMID: 36811121 PMCID: PMC9933548 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected women and threatens to overturn four decades of progress in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 5: Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment. To better grasp the key areas of concern that gender inequality exists, gender studies and sex-disaggregated evidence are required. Using the PRISMA technique, this review paper is the first attempt to present a comprehensive and current picture of the gendered dimensions of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh regarding economic well-being, resource endowments, and agency. This study found that women were more likely to face hardship as widows, mothers, or sole breadwinners after the loss of husbands and male household members because of the pandemic. The evidence suggests that the advancement of women during this pandemic was hampered by poor reproductive health outcomes; girls' dropping out of school; job loss; less income; a comparable wage gap; a lack of social security; unpaid work burnout; increased emotional, physical, and sexual abuse; an increase in child marriages; and less participation in leadership and decision-making. Our study found inadequate sex-disaggregated data and gender studies on COVID-19 in Bangladesh. However, our research concludes that policies must account for gender disparities and male and female vulnerability across multiple dimensions to achieve inclusive and effective pandemic prevention and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mou Rani Sarker
- Sustainable Impact Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdur Rouf Sarkar
- Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Jahangir Alam
- Department of Agribusiness and Marketing, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Ismat Ara Begum
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Humnath Bhandari
- Impact, Policy, and Foresight Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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17
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Sun X, Li BJ, Zhang H, Zhang G. Social media use for coping with stress and psychological adjustment: A transactional model of stress and coping perspective. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1140312. [PMID: 37034939 PMCID: PMC10075314 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1140312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The psychological well-being of individuals has become an essential issue during the global pandemic. As a pervasive activity for individuals to pull through COVID-19, social media use may play a role in psychological well-being. Drawing on the transactional model of stress and coping, the current study investigated the relationships between COVID-19-related stressors and the use of social media to facilitate specific coping strategies. We further investigated how social media coping strategies impact users' psychological adjustment. Methods We collected the data from 641 quarantined residents through a two-wave survey that was conducted in two cities in China during government-mandated lockdowns. Results The results showed that perceived COVID-19 stress was related to the intensity of social media use for problem-focused coping, socioemotional coping, and mental disengagement. In addition, individuals' psychological adjustment was positively associated with social media use for socioemotional coping and mental disengagement while negatively related to problem-focused coping. Age was also found to be a moderator of the relationship between socioemotional coping and psychological adjustment. Discussion To relieve pandemic-related stress, individuals can actively utilize social media to implement various coping strategies. However, coping activities with social media may not always induce psychological benefits. By revealing the different levels of psychological adjustment among social media users with specific coping strategies, the current research enriched the literature on the effects of social media use on mental health. Findings from this study suggest the need for the prudent use of social media to cope with public health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobei Sun
- School of Journalism and Communication, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Benjamin J. Li
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heng Zhang
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Heng Zhang,
| | - Guanwen Zhang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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18
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Tanha AF, Sheba NH, Islam MS, Potenza MN, Islam MR. A review of common mental health problems in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Asia. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-21. [PMID: 36570053 PMCID: PMC9761625 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has negatively impacted people's lives, neurobiological health, and general well-being throughout the world. South Asian countries have experienced high frequencies of psychiatric concerns that have worsened during the pandemic. This review aimed to determine the aggregated prevalence of common mental health problems (e.g., depression, fear, anxiety, stress, insomnia, and suicidal tendencies) and their associated factors among community populations in South Asian countries. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was undertaken using multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Global Health, Google Scholar and ResearchGate to retrieve articles. Overall, 22 articles were included. The prevalence of concerns ranged widely with respect to estimates of symptoms of depression (10.2-85.9%), fear (38.5-88.8%), anxiety (8.1-62.5%), stress (10.56-91.77%), and insomnia (13.32-53.45%). In addition, the prevalence of suicidal ideation was estimated to range between 5% and 8%. Factors associated with mental health concerns included socio-demographic, behavioral and health-related measures, and COVID-19 pandemic-related stressors. The findings suggest poor mental health among general populations in South Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, identifying individuals with mental health concerns and implementing interventions including mental health counseling appear warranted among these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arifa Farzana Tanha
- Department of Community Nutrition, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Research and Analysis Wing, Health and Nutrition Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nusrat Hossain Sheba
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, 1342 Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, 1342 Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Md. Rabiul Islam
- Department of Public Health, Independent University (IUB), Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
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19
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Turska E, Stępień-Lampa N, Grzywna P. Experience of COVID-19 disease and fear of the SARS-CoV-2 virus among Polish students. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14356. [PMID: 36530393 PMCID: PMC9756872 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic has significantly affected individuals and entire societies. It has caused a number of adverse consequences for public health. It has contributed to lower average life expectancy and significantly reduced the sense of health security. It has affected not only physical but also mental health. COVID-19 infections have become so common in many countries, including Poland, that almost every member of society has either experienced it themselves or has a family member or friend who have been affected by the disease. The investigations undertaken in the article concern the fear of COVID-19 infection among Polish university students, determined by the experience of the disease -whether direct or among loved ones. Methods An online survey was conducted with 851 students. It took place between 1 and 15 March 2021, a year after detection of the first case of infection with the virus in Poland. The aim of the study was to find out about the relationship between the experience of COVID-19 disease (whether direct or among people close to the respondent) and fear of this disease among university students in Poland. The analysis used intergroup comparison tests (Mann-Whitney U Test and t-test). Results The results indicate that the level of fear of COVID-19 among Polish university students was low (M = 1.98; SD = .49), with women (M = 2.04; SD = .75) presenting statistically higher (t (620.46) = 3.05; p = .002) fear than men (M = 1.87; SD = .74). The situation of the respondent having had a close person fall ill with COVID-19 or die as a result of coronavirus infection was found to be significant for the level of experienced fear of COVID-19 in the studied group (t (469.46) = -2.98; p = .003). Conclusions The significantly higher level of fear in the group of young people who knew someone close with severe (fatal) COVID-19 disease indicates that psychological support may be more significant for such people than for individuals who have not experienced such a situation. A similar conclusion can be formulated taking into account the gender criterion, as the results make it possible to predict that women expect more support in a pandemic situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Turska
- Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia, Katowice, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
| | - Natalia Stępień-Lampa
- Institute of Political Science, University of Silesia, Katowice, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
| | - Paweł Grzywna
- Institute of Political Science, University of Silesia, Katowice, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
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20
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Torres-Cruz D, Aznar-Martínez B, Pérez-Testor C. Attachment and Sexuality: Impact of Confinement by COVID-19. SEXUALITY & CULTURE 2022; 27:805-822. [PMID: 36415482 PMCID: PMC9670064 DOI: 10.1007/s12119-022-10039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study examined attachment style and its relationship with sexual self-esteem during COVID-19 confinement. COVID-19 has caused changes in the way couples interact intimately and sexually around the world; some have found improvements and others an increase in difficulties. This article uses a retrospective pre post approach to evaluate 120 men and 89 women who were part of a couple at the time of confinement in Spain and completed an online survey. The sample was obtained during the de-escalation months, from May 9th until July 1st, 2020. Through an online survey we collected the data using the Spanish version of the Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR-S) to measure attachment and the Brief Sexuality Scale (SS) to measure aspects related to the participants sexuality (sexual self-esteem, sexual depression, and sexual preoccupation), as well as a scale designed post hoc on other aspects related to sexuality. Overall, the t-test results suggest that confinement had a negative effect on sexuality because sexual depression (SD) had a small increased in our sample. Multiple regression analysis showed that FSI, and ANXS attachment style were able to predict sexual depression during confinement. The results also showed a decrease in the strength of the relationship between sexual self-esteem (SSE) and attachment styles during confinement. However, sexual preoccupation (SP) and sexual self-esteem (SSE) remained relatively stable. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that there is an association between an increase in participants' sexual depression and being confined due to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmarie Torres-Cruz
- Facultat de Psicologia, Ciències de l’educació i de l’Esport Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, C/Císter 34, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berta Aznar-Martínez
- Facultat de Psicologia, Ciències de l’educació i de l’Esport Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, C/Císter 34, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Pérez-Testor
- Facultat de Psicologia, Ciències de l’educació i de l’Esport Blanquerna, Universitat Ramon Llull, C/Císter 34, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Hogberg HT, Lam A, Ohayon E, Shahbaz MA, Clerbaux LA, Bal-Price A, Coecke S, Concha R, De Bernardi F, Edrosa E, Hargreaves AJ, Kanninen KM, Munoz A, Pistollato F, Saravanan S, Garcia-Reyero N, Wittwehr C, Sachana M. The Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework Applied to Neurological Symptoms of COVID-19. Cells 2022; 11:cells11213411. [PMID: 36359807 PMCID: PMC9658029 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several reports have shown that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has the potential to also be neurotropic. However, the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 induces neurologic injury, including neurological and/or psychological symptoms, remain unclear. In this review, the available knowledge on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying COVID-19 was organized using the AOP framework. Four AOPs leading to neurological adverse outcomes (AO), anosmia, encephalitis, stroke, and seizure, were developed. Biological key events (KEs) identified to induce these AOs included binding to ACE2, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, hypoxia, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. The modularity of AOPs allows the construction of AOP networks to visualize core pathways and recognize neuroinflammation and BBB disruption as shared mechanisms. Furthermore, the impact on the neurological AOPs of COVID-19 by modulating and multiscale factors such as age, psychological stress, nutrition, poverty, and food insecurity was discussed. Organizing the existing knowledge along an AOP framework can represent a valuable tool to understand disease mechanisms and identify data gaps and potentially contribute to treatment, and prevention. This AOP-aligned approach also facilitates synergy between experts from different backgrounds, while the fast-evolving and disruptive nature of COVID-19 emphasizes the need for interdisciplinarity and cross-community research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena T. Hogberg
- National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27518, USA
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence: (H.T.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Ann Lam
- Green Neuroscience Laboratory, Neurolinx Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92111, USA
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Elan Ohayon
- Green Neuroscience Laboratory, Neurolinx Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92111, USA
- Institute for Green & Open Sciences, Toronto, ON M6J 2J4, Canada
| | - Muhammad Ali Shahbaz
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Anna Bal-Price
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Sandra Coecke
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Rachel Concha
- Green Neuroscience Laboratory, Neurolinx Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92111, USA
| | - Francesca De Bernardi
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Eizleayne Edrosa
- Green Neuroscience Laboratory, Neurolinx Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92111, USA
| | - Alan J. Hargreaves
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Katja M. Kanninen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Amalia Munoz
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | | | - Surat Saravanan
- Centre for Predictive Human Model Systems Atal Incubation Centre-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500039, India
| | - Natàlia Garcia-Reyero
- Environmental Laboratory, US Army Engineer Research & Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA
| | - Clemens Wittwehr
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Magdalini Sachana
- Environment Health and Safety Division, Environment Directorate, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 75016 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (H.T.H.); (M.S.)
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22
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Jayachandran S, Dumala A. Recurrent neural network based sentiment analysis of social media data during corona pandemic under national lockdown. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-221883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Corona virus pandemic has affected the normal course of life. People all over the world take the social media to express their opinions and general emotions regarding this phenomenon. In a relatively short period of time, tweets about the new Corona virus increased by an amount never before seen on the social networking site Twitter. In this research work, Sentiment Analysis of Social Media Data to Identify the Feelings of Indians during Corona Pandemic under National Lockdown using recurrent neural network is proposed. The proposed method is analyzed using four steps: that is Data collection, data preparation, Building sentiment analysis model and Visualization of the results. For Data collection, the twitter dataset are collected from social networking platform twitter by application programming interface. For Data preparation, the input data set are pre-processed for removing URL links, removing unnecessary spaces, removing punctuations and numbers. After data cleaning or preprocessing entire particular characters and non-US characters from Standard Code for Information Interchange, apart from hash tag, are extracted as refined tweet text. In addition, entire behaviors less than three alphabets are not assumed at analysis of tweets, lastly, tokenization and derivation was carried out by Porter Stemmer to perform opinion mining. To authenticate the method, categorized the tweets linked to COVID-19 national lockdown. For categorization, recurrent neural method is used. RNN classify the sentiment classification as positive, negative and neutral sentiment scores. The efficiency of the proposed RNN based Sentimental analysis classification of COVID-19 is assessed various performances by evaluation metrics, like sensitivity, precision, recall, f-measure, specificity and accuracy. The proposed method attains 24.51%, 25.35%, 31.45% and 24.53% high accuracy, 43.51%, 52.35%, 21.45% and 28.53% high sensitivity than the existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Jayachandran
- Department of Computer Applications, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Anveshini Dumala
- Department of Information Technology, Vignan’s Nirula Institute of Technology and Science for Women, Guntur, India
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23
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Kajai C, Suksatan W, Promkunta N, Kamkaew N. The relationships between stress, stress-coping behaviors, and suicidal risk among Thais who had become unemployed due to the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. BELITUNG NURSING JOURNAL 2022; 8:446-452. [PMID: 37554486 PMCID: PMC10405652 DOI: 10.33546/bnj.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in severe mental health problems worldwide. Thus, in addition to the high number of people who have died from infection with complications, some have committed suicide. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the relationships between stress, stress-coping behaviors, and suicidal risk among those who had become unemployed in Thailand due to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This study had a cross-sectional correlational design and included 447 unemployed Thais at least 18 years of age who had become unemployed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were selected through multistage sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The data were then analyzed using frequency, percentage, and Spearman's correlation coefficient. RESULTS Most participants had moderate-level stress (73.16%) and stress-coping behaviors (71.81%). Almost all the participants had no suicidal risk (76.73%). The stress level and overall stress-coping behavior were positively correlated with suicidal risk (r = 0.305, p <0.01 and r = 0.352, p <0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION Stress and stress-coping behaviors were associated with suicidal risk among Thais who had become unemployed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, nurses must screen patients with psychological problems, especially those who have become unemployed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, for suicide risk. Developing interventions to reduce such patients' stress and promote appropriate stress-coping behaviors is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalermpon Kajai
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Community Nursing, Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Phayao, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Department of Community Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nittaya Promkunta
- Department of Women’s Nursing and Children, Faculty of Nursing, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Natakorn Kamkaew
- Unit of Excellence in Clinical Research, Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
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Pham A, Brook J, Elashoff DA, Ranganath VK. Impact of Perceived Stress During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients' Disease Activity: An Online Survey. J Clin Rheumatol 2022; 28:333-337. [PMID: 35667379 PMCID: PMC9524523 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000001861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES Psychological stress worsens rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity, and the COVID-19 pandemic has increased stress/anxiety in rheumatic patients. The purpose of this study was to determine if stress during the COVID-19 pandemic specifically impacts RA disease activity as reported by the patient. METHOD This was a cross-sectional COVID-19 RA survey study. University of California, Los Angeles rheumatology clinic patients were emailed a link to a survey in July and November 2020. The 30-question survey pertained to COVID-19-related stress, RA disease activity, and demographics. For the survey responders, anti-cyclic citrullinated antibody, rheumatoid factor, and age were extracted from the electronic health record. Analyses were performed to examine the association between the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4) and other COVID-19-related stress measures with the Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 (RAPID3). RESULTS A total of 1138/5037 subjects completed the emailed survey (22.6% response rate). When examining responses across RAPID3 categories (near remission, low, moderate, and high disease severity), there were significant increases in PSS-4 and other stress variables. Multiple linear regression models showed that PSS-4, financial stress, age, seropositivity, disease duration, and Black race were independently associated with worsened RAPID3 scores, when controlling for other confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that stress overall negatively impacts RAPID3, and Black RA patients had a higher RAPID3 scores during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite colossal efforts to combat the pandemic, RA patients currently suffer from stress/anxiety, and methods to mitigate these psychological effects are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Brook
- Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David A Elashoff
- Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Veena K Ranganath
- Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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Zhang MX, Lv XY, Shi GF, Luo C, Wu XY, Wang WZ, Cheng FM, Chen HX, Tung TH. Effect of ontological insecurity on vaccination behavior against COVID-19: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Public Health 2022; 211:157-163. [PMID: 36122529 PMCID: PMC9288961 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has brought great uncertainty to our society and it may have disrupted people's ontological security. Consequently, this hospital-based study concerns the impact of ontological insecurity on vaccination behavior against COVID-19. STUDY DESIGN This cross-sectional study was conducted among hospital inpatients. METHODS A questionnaire survey addressing inpatient ontological insecurity and vaccination behavior against COVID-19 was administered in Taizhou, China. A total of 1223 questionnaires were collected; specifically, 1185 of them were credible, for a validity rate of 96.9%. RESULTS The score of ontological insecurity was 13.27 ± 7.84, which was higher in participants who did not recommend vaccination for others than those who did (12.95 ± 8.25 vs 14.00 ± 6.78, P = 0.022). There was no difference between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups (13.22 ± 7.96 vs 13.35 ± 7.67, P = 0.779). Lower ontological insecurity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-1.81) and being inoculated with COVID-19 vaccines (OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.67-2.82) were significantly associated with recommendation of COVID-19 vaccines to others after adjusting for sex, age, education, and occupation. Associations between low ontological insecurity and recommendations for COVID-19 vaccines were observed in men, adults aged 18-59 years, non-farmers, and vaccine recipients. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the ontological insecurity of participants affects their behavior of recommending the COVID-19 vaccination to others rather than getting vaccinated themselves. This promotion of vaccination can be considered from the perspective of improving ontological security in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-X Zhang
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - X-Y Lv
- Department of Hematology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, China.
| | - G-F Shi
- Department of Preventive Health Care, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - C Luo
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - X-Y Wu
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - W-Z Wang
- Department of Nursing, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - F-M Cheng
- Department of Nursing, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - H-X Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - T-H Tung
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, China.
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Banik R, Islam MS, Ahmed M, Koly KN, Mubarak M, Rahman M, Zhai ZW, Sikder MT, Potenza MN. General psychiatric symptoms among Bangladeshi people approximately one year after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:615. [PMID: 36123664 PMCID: PMC9483885 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04232-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has had negative physical and mental impacts on people globally. The current study examined general psychiatric symptoms (fear, anxiety, depression, and insomnia) and loneliness, and their interrelationships and correlates among Bangladeshi individuals approximately 1 year after the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS An internet-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1004 Bangladeshi people (51.8% male; mean age: 25.41 ± 7.80; age range: 18-60 years). Data were collected using a semi-structured e-questionnaire including informed consent, socio-demographics, lifestyle measures, and psychometric tools assessing loneliness, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and fear of COVID-19. RESULTS Sizeable participants screened positive for loneliness (63.5%), anxiety (26.3%), depression (46.4%), and insomnia (50.7%). Considerable numbers of respondents also reported fear of COVID-19. In hierarchical regression analyses, loneliness, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and fear of COVID-19 were associated with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors. Loneliness, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and fear of COVID-19 were positively correlated with each other (p < 0.001). In exploratory path analyses, anxiety, depression, and insomnia mediated the relationship between loneliness and fear of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that many people in Bangladesh have experienced psychiatric concerns approximately 1 year after the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak. Investigation into empirically supported interventions and their implementation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajon Banik
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Masruk Ahmed
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Kamrun Nahar Koly
- grid.414142.60000 0004 0600 7174Health System and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Mahfuza Mubarak
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudur Rahman
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Zu Wei Zhai
- grid.260002.60000 0000 9743 9925Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT USA
| | - Md. Tajuddin Sikder
- grid.411808.40000 0001 0664 5967Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
- grid.414671.10000 0000 8938 4936Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT USA
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
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Alam MD, Abedin MJ, Islam A, Mosfeq-Ul-Hasan M, Rahman O, Xu Y. Psychological effects and associated factors among vaccinated and unvaccinated general population against COVID-19 infection in Bangladesh. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:916160. [PMID: 36032230 PMCID: PMC9412971 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.916160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The global effort to develop herd immunity in the general public against the COVID-19 pandemic is currently ongoing. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no studies on how the COVID-19 vaccine affects mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. The present study investigated the psychological effects and associated factors among vaccinated and unvaccinated general populations against COVID-19 infection in Bangladesh. Methods A nationwide online cross-sectional survey was conducted in Bangladesh from June 23 to December 25, 2021. The frequency of symptoms of psychological distress, depression, anxiety, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), insomnia, and fear was assessed using the Bangla versions of the GHQ-12, PHQ-2, GAD-2, PSS-4, PC-PTSD-5, ISI, and FCV-19S scales, respectively. Results The study included 3,013 persons from all eight divisions of Bangladesh, with 1,272 (42.2%) being vaccinated and 1,741 (57.8%) being unvaccinated. Compared with unvaccinated populations, vaccinated populations had significantly lower prevalence rates of psychological distress (36.4 vs. 51.5%), depression (21.1 vs. 37.9%), anxiety (25.1 vs. 44.9%), stress (19.4 vs. 30.4%), PTSD (29.4 vs. 38.3%), insomnia (18.7 vs. 39.4%), and fear symptoms (16.1 vs. 27.5%). Among vaccinated populations, respondents who lived in nuclear families were significantly associated with higher risk of psychological distress (AOR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09-1.78), depression (AOR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.11-1.98), anxiety (AOR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.21-1.98), and fear (AOR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.11-1.83) symptoms. Participants who lost family members, friends, or colleagues due to the COVID-19 pandemic had significantly higher risk of symptoms of psychological distress (AOR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.02-1.79), anxiety (AOR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.11-1.87), and PTSD (AOR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.24-2.19). On the other hand, unvaccinated populations who lived in the Dhaka division were significantly associated with an increased risk of depression (AOR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.40-2.52), anxiety (AOR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.15-2.47), stress (AOR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.12-2.88), and insomnia (AOR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.20-2.94) symptoms. Except for PTSD and fear symptoms, unemployed participants had considerably higher rates of psychological distress, depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia symptoms (e.g., psychological distress: AOR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.10-2.62; depression: AOR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.37-2.19). Conclusions This study recommends immunizing unvaccinated populations as soon as possible to prevent infection and boost mental health. Vulnerable people needed special care, health-related education, and psychological assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Dhedharul Alam
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Md. Joynal Abedin
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asraful Islam
- Department of Psychology, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mosfeq-Ul-Hasan
- Examination Controller Section, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Obaydur Rahman
- Department of Physics, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Prevalence of depression and anxiety among university students during COVID-19 in Bangladesh: A cross sectional study. Ment Health (Lond) 2022. [DOI: 10.56508/mhgcj.v5i2.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 outbreak has become a challenging crisis for public health. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the indefinite closure of educational institutions in Bangladesh has a severe impact on the mental health of students.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that might have considerable influence on the mental health of students during quarantine in Bangladesh though they did not explore in previous studies on mental health status during the pandemic.
Methodology: A standardized questionnaire was generated using PH9 and GAD7 to measure depression and anxiety levels. A total of 203 responses were collected from university students of Bangladesh through social media.
Results: Descriptive statistics found that 37% of the students experienced moderate to severe anxiety while 54% faced moderate to severe depression. Ordinal Logistic Regression analysis found that anxiety is significantly related to gender, students’ current affiliation status in university (e.g., sophomore, masters), and time spent on watching TV while depression was related to family member’s contact with Covid-19, performing multiple activities as hobbies, and spending time in reading and writing.
Conclusions: This study adds valuable findings in the existing literature, and it will help Students, university authorities, and government can take productive steps to tackle mental health issues
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Omidiji J, Samuel U, Busa F, Ayeni A. Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 safety measures and related uncertainties among socially vulnerable groups in Lagos megacity. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10090. [PMID: 36033275 PMCID: PMC9391079 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the unique coronavirus disease (COVID-19), associated safety measures and impacts have been experienced differently across various sociodemographic and livelihood groups. As a result of the impacts of the COVID-19 restrictions, this study examined experiences and livelihood uncertainties from socially vulnerable groups. One hundred and fifty responses (150) were recorded from residents in Iwaya, and Makoko areas within Lagos Mainland Local Government Area of Lagos state. Complete lockdown or stay-at-home orders, compulsory face masks in public spaces, curfews, physical and social distancing and restriction of inter-state movements are some of the precautionary/safety measures introduced by the Government and enforced by security agents. The findings show that curfews and restriction of inter-state movements were two of the safety measures that had no or reduced impact (p-values > 0.01) on the respondents’ means of livelihood. Our results reveal that because a larger percentage of male participants are self-employed and owned personal businesses they were more affected by COVID-19 restrictions than females. 42.7% (64) of females and 57.3% (86) of males reported COVID-19-related anxieties and stress from fear of starvation, and contracting the virus, to impacts on money/finances, slow sales and businesses, food supply, job loss, erratic power supply affecting work from home options. 54.7% of respondents had more than 5 people living together, while 84.7% of housing types (128) are bungalows with several rooms inhabited by an average of three to four people per household. Increased stress, fear of hunger, loss of jobs and source of income were some of the negative impacts resulting from the introduction of the COVID-19 safety measures which adversely affected occupations like traders, people engaged in fishing activities, painters, carpenters, hairdressers and barbers, printers and bricklayers. Our work provides insights into the effects of the COVID-19-safety measures and subjective impact across vulnerable groups and occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jokotola Omidiji
- Geography Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Udofia Samuel
- Geography Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fashoto Busa
- Geography Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Amidu Ayeni
- Geography Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
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Thapa Magar S, Hankins J, Batool S, Hussain Kazmi SA, Zafar RI, Ahmad M, Saleem F, Iftikhar I, Qavi MS, Ghaffari MAZ. Perspectives of the General Public Regarding Government Policies in Combating the COVID-19 Pandemic. Cureus 2022; 14:e28332. [PMID: 36168372 PMCID: PMC9500467 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The world has been hit with one of the deadliest pandemics in history. This pandemic has affected almost all countries and more than 50 million people globally. This paper takes an in-depth look at all government policies that were developed to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Pakistan and the perception of the general population regarding these policies. This study aims to provide help for policymakers to consider as they build more resilient regions. Methodology A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted online in Pakistan from April 2021 to September 2021. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed after obtaining informed consent. A sample size of 200 was calculated using the World Health Organization's (WHO) sample size calculator. The data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA), and the data are presented in the form of frequency tables, bar charts, and pie charts. Results Of the 200 respondents, 71% were satisfied with government policies, and 28.5% were not satisfied. A total of 66.5% of respondents thought that government policies were effective in combating COVID-19. More than half (80%) of the participants believed that government policies have reduced the rate of COVID-19 spread, while 20% thought that the policies did not help in reducing the rate of spread. Overall, 96% of the respondents supported quarantine as a good step taken by the Pakistan government to prevent COVID-19. Conclusions The satisfaction rate of the general public regarding government policies developed to combat COVID-19 was 71.5%. Government strategies should be improved to counter the impact of large-scale epidemics, and further studies are required to educate the public. With an already fragile healthcare system, this can have long-lasting issues in developing countries as the world might be expecting a new challenge in the form of monkeypox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeru Thapa Magar
- Cardiovascular, Janaki Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, NPL
| | - Joseph Hankins
- Internal Medicine, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San Pedro, CRI
| | - Saima Batool
- Internal Medicine, Hameed Latif Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | | | | | | | - Faraz Saleem
- Internal Medicine, Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore, PAK
| | - Izza Iftikhar
- Internal Medicine, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Lahore, PAK
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Dehghani A, Zokaei E, Kahani SM, Alavinejad E, Dehghani M, Meftahi GH, Afarinesh MR. The potential impact of Covid-19 on CNS and psychiatric sequels. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 72:103097. [PMID: 35405524 PMCID: PMC8982477 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to its high prevalence and fatality, the current Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, which first emerged in China in 2019, quickly spread around the world and immediately became a serious global health concern. Although respiratory issues were initially the most prominent symptom of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it became obvious rapidly that COVID-19, like many other coronavirus family members, could affect the central nervous system (CNS). During the pandemic, CNS involvement expressed itself in a variety of forms, including insomnia, anosmia, headaches, encephalopathies, encephalitis, cerebrovascular accidents, cognitive and memory impairment, and increased psychiatric disorders. Almost everyone who has been infected has at least one of these neurological symptoms, demonstrating that the virus has a high ability to impact the CNS. As the coronavirus pandemic passes its second year, the manifestations it can cause in the long run, such as its psychological sequels, have not yet been thoroughly studied. Given the high importance of this issue in today's society and due to the lack of reliable knowledge about the COVID-19 landscape on psychiatric disorders, we intend to investigate coronavirus's possible effect on mental illnesses based on available literature. Because the majority of the psychological effects of the coronavirus can continue for a long period after the pandemic ends, our research can give insight into potential psychiatric sequels associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Dehghani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Zokaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mohammad Kahani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Alavinejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Dehghani
- Department of Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Afarinesh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Tokdemir G. Software professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: Factors affecting their mental well-being and work engagement in the home-based work setting. THE JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2022; 188:111286. [PMID: 35250124 PMCID: PMC8885087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.111286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the COVID-19 pandemic, strict measures have been taken to slow down the spread of the virus, and consequently, software professionals have been forced to work from home. However, home-based working entails many challenges, as the home environment is shared by the whole family simultaneously under pandemic conditions. The aim of this study is to explore software professionals' mental well-being and work engagement and the relationships of these variables with job strain and resource-related factors in the forced home-based work setting during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online cross-sectional survey based on primarily well-known, validated scales was conducted with software professionals in Turkey. The analysis of the results was performed through hierarchical multivariate regression. The results suggest that despite the negative effect of job strain, the resource-related protective factors, namely, sleep quality, decision latitude, work-life balance, exercise predict mental well-being. Additionally, work engagement is predicted by job strain, sleep quality, and decision latitude. The results of the study will provide valuable insights to management of the software companies and professionals about the precautions that can be taken to have a better home-based working experience such as allowing greater autonomy and enhancing the quality of sleep and hence mitigating the negative effects of pandemic emergency situations on software professionals' mental well-being and work engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Tokdemir
- Cankaya University, Computer Engineering Department, Eskisehir Yolu 29.km. Mimar Sinan Cad. No:4, 06790, Ankara, Turkey
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Living with spinal cord injury during COVID-19: a qualitative study of impacts of the pandemic in Nepal. Spinal Cord 2022; 60:984-989. [PMID: 35595827 PMCID: PMC9122241 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-022-00812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Study design A qualitative study using focus group discussion. Objective To explore the impacts of COVID-19 on multiple aspects of the lives of individuals living with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Nepal. Setting Community settings in Nepal. Methods A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted using two virtual focus group discussions. Fourteen individuals with SCI residing in different parts of Nepal participated. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyze and interpret the participants’ responses. Results The four key themes for the impacts of COVID-19 on individuals with SCI were: (1) physical health with subthemes of (a) difficulty due to the presence of COVID-19 symptoms and (b) deterioration in secondary conditions; (2) mental health with subthemes of (c) constant fear of COVID-19 and (d) psychological distress; (3) social life with subthemes of (e) social stigma and (f) social isolation, and (4) economic problems with subthemes of (g) financial burden and (i) inadequate resources. Conclusions The pandemic has tremendously impacted the physical, mental, social, and economic aspects of the lives of individuals with SCI. These, in turn, could impede the functioning and well-being of this population. The utilization of telehealth to provide education, psychosocial support, social awareness programs, and the provision of essential medical supplies appear necessary to maintain and improve the well-being of individuals with SCI during this pandemic. Future studies using an in-depth interview approach and psychosocial interventions are recommended.
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Ouerhani N, Maalel A, Ben Ghézala H. SMAD: SMart assistant during and after a medical emergency case based on deep learning sentiment analysis: The pandemic COVID-19 case. CLUSTER COMPUTING 2022; 25:3671-3681. [PMID: 35571977 PMCID: PMC9082471 DOI: 10.1007/s10586-022-03601-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The huge cost of emergency situations could have fatal effects on humanity and society, and it could present a genuine threat to both of them. In fact, most people confronted with an emergency could feel psychological trauma, which will, for the most part, change over time as they can exhibit chaotic or even turbulent behaviours. The situation could worsen in the case of a pandemic as fear and anxiety invade and spread in addition to isolation and quarantine. In this paper, we propose to build a smart assistant, called SMAD, that could detect the symptoms of an emergency case as well as symptoms of a mental disorder while analysing the natural language speech of an ordinary citizen, during and after an emergency situation using natural language processing and deep learning sentiment analysis model to track the patient's mental state during an ongoing conversation. Our proposed smart assistant is an online human-bot interaction that could handle a variety of physical and mental circumstances of any emergency situation. The proposed approach is a smart healthcare service that consists of four interconnected modules: The information understanding module, the data collector module, the action generator module, and the mental analysis module, which is based on the sentiment analysis model performed on a social media dataset using a pre-trained word-embedding model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourchène Ouerhani
- RIADI Laboratory, National School of Computer Sciences, University of Manouba, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Maalel
- RIADI Laboratory, National School of Computer Sciences, University of Manouba, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Sousse, 4003 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Henda Ben Ghézala
- RIADI Laboratory, National School of Computer Sciences, University of Manouba, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
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Haque MR, Ul Islam MS, Hasan MK, Hossain MS, Hossain Khan MA, Islam F. Determinants of anxiety and depression among Bangladeshi adults during COVID-19 lockdown: An online survey. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09415. [PMID: 35600432 PMCID: PMC9106417 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human health and well-being are adversely affected by the effects of COVID-19. This study examined the prevalence of anxiety and depression during COVID-19 lockdown in Bangladesh, and their association with some less explored factors like perceived and relative health status, having elderly members in the family, fear for own and family future, and others from the Asian context. Methods Using an online survey, data were collected from the population aged 18 years and above, on socio-demographic and economic attributes, and two separate standardized twelve-item scales were used to assess the level of anxiety and depression. Both descriptive and multivariate linear regression were used to analyze the factors associated with anxiety and depression scores. Results The respondents had an average anxiety score of 21.74 (SD = 8.20) on a scale ranging from 12 to 60 and an average depression score of 24.39 (SD = 10.30) on the same scale. The study findings revealed that respondents' concern for future well-being, perceived physical health status compared to others in the same cohort, and perceived physical health status during the survey compared to prior COVID-19 were significantly associated with anxiety and depression scores during COVID-19 lockdown. In addition, the anxiety score was significantly higher (p = 0.046) for women respondents than men. Moreover, respondents aged 18-24 years had significantly higher (p < 0.001) depression than others. Conclusions The increased level of anxiety and depression during COVID-19 of adult people in Bangladesh are associated with several factors of which their greater concern about the future of their own and family members and health-related attributes are important. These findings may lead to developing interventions to reduce the psychological crisis during the pandemic in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rabiul Haque
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Sharif Ul Islam
- Department of Information Science and Library Management, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khalid Hasan
- Institute of Disaster Management and Vulnerability Studies, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Unit for Research in Emergency and Disaster, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, 2408, Cyprus
| | - Md Salim Hossain
- Department of Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - Farhin Islam
- South Asian Network on Economic Modeling (SANEM), Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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Mun S, Moon Y, Kim H, Kim N. Current Discussions on Employees and Organizations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review. Front Psychol 2022; 13:848778. [PMID: 35496177 PMCID: PMC9039218 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.848778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New concerns have emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic that greatly impact employees and many other aspects in organizations. We have highlighted the major organizational issues during COVID-19 and classified the relevant research findings based on 45 recent articles. Main themes identified include (1) work setting, (2) perceptions of COVID-19, (3) employee wellbeing, (4) organizational strategies, and (5) influences on career behaviors. Employees have faced challenges due to work conditions that have shifted from traditional commuting to telework. Employees have also become aware of the negative current situation, so their overall wellbeing has been threatened. In response, organizations have strived to promote positive psychological capital for employees as they attempt to cope with this crisis. Organizations have tried to maintain and manage both their employees and their business. People tended to adjust their career-related behaviors based on how they perceived their own wellbeing and organizational strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Namhee Kim
- Department of Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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Hwang J. Subjective Changes in Tobacco Product Use among Korean Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063272. [PMID: 35328959 PMCID: PMC8949246 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study explored subjective changes in tobacco product use during the COVID-19 pandemic. The online survey included 828 tobacco product users and was implemented from 20 August to 27 August 2021. Participants were classified based on currently used products (cigarettes, heated tobacco products (HTPs), and e-cigarettes) and categorized as single, dual, or triple users. Subjective changes in product use over the past year were designated as “no chang”, “increase”, or “decreased”. Single use was most common, as reported by 447 participants (male 249, female 198), while 283 (male 164, female 119) and 98 (male 59, female 39) participants reported dual and triple use, respectively. Age, income, and triple use were associated with increased cigarette use, whereas living with family was associated with decreased use. Gender, age, income, and triple use were associated with the changed use of HTPs. No factors were significantly associated with an increase in e-cigarette use, whereas age and income were associated with decreased use. Similar to many COVID-19-related changes in cultural, social, and economic aspects of life, users’ patterns of tobacco product use have also changed. Increasing tobacco product taxes, effective messaging, and customized cessation services might help prevent or limit tobacco product usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Hwang
- College of Health Science, Dankook University, 119, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungnam, Korea
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Sami SA. Consequences of untreated mental health in Bangladesh during COVID-19 pandemic. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2022; 46:42. [PMID: 35221661 PMCID: PMC8864587 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-022-00731-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saad Ahmed Sami
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, 4331 Bangladesh
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Haque MR, Khan MMA, Rahman MM, Rahman MS, Begum SA. Mental health status of informal waste workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262141. [PMID: 34995288 PMCID: PMC8741044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The deadliest coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is taking thousands of lives worldwide and presents an extraordinary challenge to mental resilience. This study assesses mental health status during the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors among informal waste workers in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in June 2020 among 176 informal waste workers selected from nine municipalities and one city corporation in Bangladesh. General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to assess respondents’ mental health. The study found that 80.6% of the individuals were suffering from psychological distress; 67.6% reported anxiety and depression, 92.6% reported social dysfunction, and 19.9% reported loss of confidence. The likelihood of psychological distress (Risk ratio [RR]: 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.48) was significantly higher for female than male. Multiple COVID-19 symptoms of the family members (RR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03–1.41), unawareness about COVID-19 infected neighbor (RR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04–1.41), income reduction (RR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.06–2.41) and daily household meal reduction (RR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.03–1.73) were also found to be associated with psychological distress. These identified factors should be considered in policy-making and support programs for the informal waste workers to manage the pandemic situation as well as combating COVID-19 related psychological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md. Mostaured Ali Khan
- MEL and Research, Practical Action, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mosfequr Rahman
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
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Hossain MT, Lima TR, Ela MZ, Khan L, Ahmed F, Shovo TEA, Al Masud A, Rahman KS, Jahan N, Rahman SM, Islam MN. Livelihood challenges and healthcare-seeking behavior of fishermen amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in the Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh. AQUACULTURE (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 546:737348. [PMID: 34493879 PMCID: PMC8414286 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed significant challenges to human wellbeing and survival, particularly among groups of people such as the Sundarbans mangrove forest resource-dependent communities (SMFRDCs), and especially the fishermen in these communities, in developing countries like Bangladesh. It is therefore essential to explore the livelihood conditions, health status and care-seeking behavior of the fishermen in these communities during the ongoing pandemic. This study was carried out by applying mixed methods, including interviews and focus group discussion (FGD), in the three sub-districts of Khulna, Satkhira, and Bagerhat, which are in the southwestern region adjacent to the Sundarbans mangrove forest (SMF) of Bangladesh. Quantitative data were collected from 76 fishermen through telephone interviews, while 24 fishermen participated in three distinct focus group discussions. The findings suggest that the fishermen have experienced a reduction of income, as they have been barred from entering the SMF during the pandemic, which has gradually affected their number of trips to and stays at the forest as well as their catch of fisheries resources. The decline in demand in both regional and international markets has left the fishermen with only a handful of alternative ways to adjust to these unprecedented circumstances, such as borrowing money, selling household assets, and in some extreme cases marrying off young children to reduce the financial burden, as many are now jobless. Their financial hardship during the pandemic has affected their households' capacity to afford basic household necessities, including food, fuel, education, and health expenses. Subsequently, when these fishermen suffer ailments such as fever, cough, headache, and cold - the general symptoms of COVID-19 - they cannot seek medical assistance from trained doctors. Their financial constraints have compelled them to rely on indigenous knowledge, in particular village quack doctors, or in some cases to seek help from local pharmacies for modern medicine. Thus, the government should provide financial support and strengthen the local market value chain so that disadvantaged fishermen in SMFRDCs can adopt alternative livelihood opportunities. Furthermore, longitudinal research on the impacts of COVID-19 on livelihood, local adaptation strategies, health status, and care-seeking behavior is also strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tanvir Hossain
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Taposhi Rabya Lima
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Mahfuza Zaman Ela
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Lubaba Khan
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Farid Ahmed
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Taufiq-E-Ahmed Shovo
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Masud
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nusrat Jahan
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Sk Mustafizur Rahman
- Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nazrul Islam
- Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
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Piya FL, Amin S, Das A, Kabir MA. Impacts of COVID-19 on the Education, Life and Mental Health of Students in Bangladesh. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020785. [PMID: 35055604 PMCID: PMC8775812 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19’s unanticipated consequences have resulted in the extended closure of various educational institutions, causing significant hardship to students. Even though many institutions rapidly transitioned to online education programs, various issues have emerged that are impacting many aspects of students’ lives. An online survey was conducted with students of Bangladesh to understand how COVID-19 impacted their study, social and daily activities, plans, and mental health. A total of 409 Bangladeshi students took part in a survey. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, 13.7% of all participants are unable to focus on their studies, up from 1.2% previously. More than half of the participants (54%) have spent more time on social media than previously. We found that 45% of the participants have severe to moderate level depression. In addition, 48.6% of the students are experiencing severe to moderate level anxiety. According to our findings, students’ inability to concentrate on their studies, their increased use of social media and electronic communications, changing sleep hours during the pandemic, increased personal care time, and changes in plans are all correlated with their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Liza Piya
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology (CUET), Chattogram 4349, Bangladesh;
| | - Sumaiya Amin
- Department of Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS B2G 2W5, Canada; (S.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Anik Das
- Department of Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS B2G 2W5, Canada; (S.A.); (A.D.)
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Ashad Kabir
- School of Computing, Mathematics and Engineering, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-633-86259
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Bőthe B, Vaillancourt-Morel MP, Dion J, Paquette MM, Massé-Pfister M, Tóth-Király I, Bergeron S. A Longitudinal Study of Adolescents' Pornography Use Frequency, Motivations, and Problematic Use Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:139-156. [PMID: 35059944 PMCID: PMC8773393 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in pornography use has been reported based on cross-sectional findings, raising concerns about associated adverse outcomes, such as problematic pornography use (PPU). The aims of the present study were to document potential changes in adolescents' pornography use frequency, motivations, and PPU before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of an ongoing study on adolescents' sexual health, we used a large sample (NTime 1 = 1771; 47.6% girls, Mage = 15.42 years, SD = 0.59) to examine changes from baseline (before the COVID-19 pandemic) to one year later (during the COVID-19 pandemic) in adolescents' self-reported pornography use frequency, motivations, and PPU, using latent change models and examining potential gender differences. No significant changes were observed in adolescents' pornography use frequency and pornography use motivations, and no gender differences were present in these trends. Although statistically significant, slight decrease was observed in boys' PPU levels, and a statistically significant, slight increase was observed in girls' PPU levels, these changes were very small, providing no practical or clinical relevance. In sum, despite previous propositions, concerns, and cross-sectional findings, longitudinal results suggest that adolescents' pornography use characteristics were rather stable between November 2019 and June 2021, and the COVID-19 pandemic and related lockdowns might not have led to general increases in adolescents' pornography use as it was expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Bőthe
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | | | - Jacinthe Dion
- Intersectoral Center for Sustainable Health, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Michèle Paquette
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Maude Massé-Pfister
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - István Tóth-Király
- Substantive-Methodological Synergy Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Bergeron
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Discrimination and Stress Among Asian Refugee Populations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Bhutanese and Burmese Refugees in the USA. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2022; 9:589-597. [PMID: 33651371 PMCID: PMC7924016 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-021-00992-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure COVID-19 pandemic-related discrimination and stress among Bhutanese and Burmese refugees in the USA and to identify characteristics associated with these two measures. METHODS From 5/15-6/1/2020, Bhutanese and Burmese refugee community leaders were invited to complete an anonymous, online survey and shared the link with other community members who were English-proficient, ≥18 years old, and currently living in the USA. We identified characteristics associated with pandemic-related discrimination and stress applying ordinal logistic regression models. RESULTS Among 218 refugees from 23 states, nearly one third of participants reported experiencing at least one type of discrimination, and more than two-thirds experienced at least one type of pandemic-related stress. Having had COVID-19, having a family member with COVID-19, and being an essential worker were associated with discrimination. Discrimination, financial crisis, and female gender were associated with stress. CONCLUSIONS Reducing pandemic-related discrimination should remain a priority, as should the promotion of social support and coping strategies. Noting that this is a nonrepresentative sample, we recommend that larger national studies tracking experiences with pandemic-related discrimination and stress include Asian American subgroups with limited English proficiency.
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Kilibarda T, Sinanović Š, Bubanj S, Trgovčević S, Ivanović S, Milutinović S. Protective personality factors for stress in the elderly during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. ACTA FACULTATIS MEDICAE NAISSENSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/afmnai39-35292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim. One of the anti-epidemic measures in the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 in Serbia was the mandatory complete ban on movement for people over 65 years of age. Two main stress factors affecting their health have been identified: intensive media coverage of the new disease and total physical and even social isolation of the elderly. The aim of this study was to assess the immediate impact of these anti-epidemic measures to combat the COVID-19 epidemic in Serbia on the health of people over 65 years old and to recognize protective factors for their health in the conditions of their obligatory isolation. Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted on a 20‰ sample of inhabitants over 65 (184 in total) in the urban part of the city of Kruševac, in the central part of Serbia, during April and May 2020. Results. Anti-epidemic measures to combat the COVID-19 epidemic have been associated with deteriorating health in a significantly large proportion of the elderly in the sample (approximately 84%), such as unreasonable fatigue, tension, difficulties performing routine activities due to immobility, concerns, sleeping disorders, and hypertensive episodes. Gender, higher education, and material status were not related to protection and emotional well-being, but some personality factors are related to stress resilience. Conclusion. The protective personality factors for health are the respondents' inclination toward hope, having a purpose in life, faith, optimism, interest, as well a high appreciation of positive emotions in the respondent's life (love, joy, enthusiasm, closeness, and belonging) and having a fulfilled emotional life.
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Hosen I, al-Mamun F, Mamun MA. Prevalence and risk factors of the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2021; 8:e47. [PMID: 35145709 PMCID: PMC8794743 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2021.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic affects people's psychological well-being as well as their risk of physical complications. Under the circumstance, it is essential to synthesize the existing evidence on psychological consequences with a view to fostering policymaking. Thus, a systematic attempt was compiled to review the Bangladeshi literature related to common mental health problems (i.e. depression, anxiety, and stress) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was performed using Medline or PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, Google Scholar, PsyArxiv, MedRxiv, and ResearchGate, between 20 December 2020 and 5 March 2021, followed by predetermined eligibility criteria. The inclusion criteria for this review were observational studies involving at least one mental health problem (i.e. stress, depression, and anxiety) published in peer-reviewed journals or preprint servers in the English language after the inception of the pandemic in Bangladesh. The pooled prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 47% (95% CI 39-55%, I 2 = 99.14%), 47% (95% CI 39-54%, I 2 = 99.78%), and 44% (95% CI 30-58%, I 2 = 99.36%), respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that students were experiencing a higher rate of depression, anxiety, and stress than general people and healthcare professionals. The associated risk factors of mental health problems were gender, age, residence area, family size, monthly family income, educational status, marital status, physical exercise, smoking, alcohol use, fear of COVID-19, presence of chronic illness, unemployment status, and exposure to COVID-19-related news and social media. This systematic review provides baseline data on the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress across various Bangladeshi cohorts, which are anticipated to be helpful to the respective authorities for implementing cohort-specific mental health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Hosen
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka1342, Bangladesh
| | - Firoj al-Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka1342, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed A. Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka1342, Bangladesh
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Bartzik M, Aust F, Peifer C. Negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses can be buffered by a sense of humor and appreciation. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:257. [PMID: 34930240 PMCID: PMC8686101 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00770-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first analyses of the various consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic show that the risk to nurses' psychological well-being is particularly high. As the pandemic and the demands imposed on nurses are not yet fully understood, there is a need to seek buffering factors to protect nurses' psychological health. In line with the earliest evidence, we hypothesize pandemic-related increases in perceived stress and decreases in the frequency of flow experiences, likewise in satisfaction with work, life, work performance, and well-being. As protective factors while dealing with pandemic-related stress, we suggest an individual's sense of humor and perceived appreciation. METHODS In June/July 2020 - during the first lockdown in Germany - participants completed an online-survey in which they were asked to rate their situation before the pandemic (retrospectively) and during the pandemic. Our sample consisted of 174 registered nurses (161 females, 13 males, Mage = 40.52), of whom 85 worked as public health nurses and 89 as geriatric nurses. RESULTS During the pandemic, nurses felt more stressed, had fewer flow experiences, and were less satisfied with their work, life, work-performance, and well-being than before the pandemic. In addition, nurses felt more appreciation from society but less from their patients. Sense of humor and the perceived appreciation of society and patients were confirmed as buffers of negative pandemic-related effects. CONCLUSION Our study contributes to the so far scarce knowledge on nurses' pandemic-related stress and well-being in combination with their resources. Moreover, we were able to identify sense of humor and appreciation as protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Bartzik
- Department of Psychology, Research Group Work and Health, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Fabienne Aust
- Department of Psychology, Research Group Work and Health, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Corinna Peifer
- Department of Psychology, Research Group Work and Health, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Rabbi MF, Oláh J, Popp J, Máté D, Kovács S. Food Security and the COVID-19 Crisis from a Consumer Buying Behaviour Perspective-The Case of Bangladesh. Foods 2021; 10:3073. [PMID: 34945624 PMCID: PMC8701356 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Since COVID-19 was confirmed in Bangladesh in March 2020, the government have enacted stringent measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus, which has had a significant impact on people's lives. Food consumption habits of consumers have shifted as a result of declining grocery shopping frequency, negative income shock, and food prices shooting up. This paper aims to explore Bangladeshi consumers' buying behaviour in association with the stress generated from a food supply shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic and the post-outbreak perception of the food industry, using a dataset with 540 online samples collected between July and August 2021. A two-stage cluster sampling method and self-administrated questionnaire techniques were adopted for collecting the data during the third wave of COVID-19. Using partial least squares path modelling (PLS-PM) and multivariate multiple ordered logit regression (MVORD) to reveal the pertinent structure between all the blocks, this study provides two key findings. First, a higher intensity of COVID-19 impact translates into higher food stress associated with income reduction and higher food prices. Second, food stress directly affects consumer buying and consumption behaviour. We strongly recommend connecting consumers with local producers and collective use of shared warehouses through institutions, policies, and reforms to prevent disruption in the food supply chain and to keep food prices stable. Additionally, food producers, distributors, stakeholders, and policy planners should strengthen the food supply chain to stabilize food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fazle Rabbi
- Károly Ihrig Doctoral School of Management and Business, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Judit Oláh
- Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (J.P.); (D.M.)
| | - József Popp
- College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (J.P.); (D.M.)
- Hungarian National Bank–Research Center, John von Neumann University, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - Domicián Máté
- College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (J.P.); (D.M.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándor Kovács
- Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
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Hosen I, Al Mamun F, Mamun MA. The role of sociodemographics, behavioral factors, and internet use behaviors in students' psychological health amid COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. Health Sci Rep 2021; 4:e398. [PMID: 34622029 PMCID: PMC8485611 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic drastically impacted students' psychological well-being by interchanging their regular activities. Students are more engaged with online activities, which may affect their mental health. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the magnitude of psychological health of the Bangladeshi students, where the role of online use behaviors is also investigated. METHODS An online-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between 7 October 2020 and 2 November, 2020 among Bangladeshi students utilizing a convenience sampling technique. The survey questionnaire included items concerning sociodemographics, behavior and health-related variables, online use behaviors, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present the data (i.e., binary logistic regression was performed to examine the association between variables and hierarchical regression analysis was performed to predict the variance for depression and anxiety). RESULTS Out of 601 included students, 260 and 196 students reported the symptoms of depression (43.3%) and anxiety (32.6%), respectively, where female students experienced a higher level of psychological problems. The psychological suffering was also significantly associated with medical college students, having an affair, less sleep time, not performing physical exercise, excessive internet use, and not watching news during online activities. After adjusting all of the studied variables in the hierarchical regression models, it explained 10% and 9.6% variance of depression and anxiety, respectively. CONCLUSIONS During this pandemic situation, a relatively higher level of psychological complications was observed among the Bangladeshi students. Regrettably, any specific policy was absent in the country to assuage that outcome. Therefore, based on the study finding, a few strategies and policies were recommended that may be helpful to alleviate psychological issues among the students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Hosen
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Firoj Al Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed A Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh
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Monnier M, Moulin F, Thierry X, Vandentorren S, Côté S, Barbosa S, Falissard B, Plancoulaine S, Charles MA, Simeon T, Geay B, Marchand L, Ancel PY, Melchior M, Rouquette A, Galera C. Children's mental and behavioral health, schooling, and socioeconomic characteristics during school closure in France due to COVID-19: the SAPRIS project. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22373. [PMID: 34789783 PMCID: PMC8599695 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01676-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 limitation strategies have led to widespread school closures around the world. The present study reports children's mental health and associated factors during the COVID-19 school closure in France in the spring of 2020. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the SAPRIS project set up during the COVID-19 pandemic in France. Using multinomial logistic regression models, we estimated associations between children's mental health, children's health behaviors, schooling, and socioeconomic characteristics of the children's families. The sample consisted of 5702 children aged 8-9 years, including 50.2% girls. In multivariate logistic regression models, children's sleeping difficulties were associated with children's abnormal symptoms of both hyperactivity-inattention (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 2.05; 95% Confidence Interval 1.70-2.47) and emotional symptoms (aOR 5.34; 95% CI 4.16-6.86). Factors specifically associated with abnormal hyperactivity/inattention were: male sex (aOR 2.29; 95% CI 1.90-2.76), access to specialized care prior to the pandemic and its suspension during school closure (aOR 1.51; 95% CI 1.21-1.88), abnormal emotional symptoms (aOR 4.06; 95% CI 3.11-5.29), being unschooled or schooled with assistance before lockdown (aOR 2.13; 95% CI 1.43-3.17), and tutoring with difficulties or absence of a tutor (aOR 3.25; 95% CI 2.64-3.99; aOR 2.47; 95% CI 1.48-4.11, respectively). Factors associated with children's emotional symptoms were the following: being born pre-term (aOR 1.34; 95% CI 1.03-1.73), COVID-19 cases among household members (aOR 1.72; 95% CI 1.08-2.73), abnormal symptoms of hyperactivity/inattention (aOR 4.18; 95% CI 3.27-5.34) and modest income (aOR 1.45; 95% CI 1.07-1.96; aOR 1.36; 95% CI 1.01-1.84). Multiple characteristics were associated with elevated levels of symptoms of hyperactivity-inattention and emotional symptoms in children during the period of school closure due to COVID-19. Further studies are needed to help policymakers to balance the pros and cons of closing schools, taking into consideration the educational and psychological consequences for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëva Monnier
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM U 1219, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33077, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Flore Moulin
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM U 1219, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33077, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Thierry
- ELFE Joint Unit, French Institute for Demographic Studies (Ined), French Institute for Medical Research and Health (Inserm), Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Vandentorren
- Inserm, UMR 1219, Vintage Team, Université de Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Santé Publique France, French National Public Health Agency, 94415, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Sylvana Côté
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM U 1219, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33077, Bordeaux Cedex, France
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Susana Barbosa
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Bruno Falissard
- Inserm, UVSQ, CESP, DevPsy, Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France
- Research Team (EPOPé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Risks in Pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique-Centre d'Investigations Cliniques P1419, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Risks in Pregnancy, Cochin Hotel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Plancoulaine
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Inserm, INRAE, Université de Paris, 75004, Paris, France
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Aline Charles
- Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Inserm, INRAE, Université de Paris, 75004, Paris, France
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Pierre-Yves Ancel
- Research Team (EPOPé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Risks in Pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique-Centre d'Investigations Cliniques P1419, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Risks in Pregnancy, Cochin Hotel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Maria Melchior
- INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Sociale (ERES), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Rouquette
- Inserm, UVSQ, CESP, DevPsy, Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France
- Public Health and Epidemiology Department, AP-HP Paris-Saclay, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Cédric Galera
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM U 1219, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33077, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Bordeaux, France.
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Kaya S, Deniz Senli F, Mecit H, Kagitcibasi B, Karabulut M. A study on stress and resilience among hearing-impaired people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14861. [PMID: 34516025 PMCID: PMC8646591 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study is to determine the acute stress and psychological resilience level of people with hearing impairment during the COVID-19 pandemic and to investigate the relationship between the grade of hearing impairment, psychological resilience and perceived stress level in this period. METHODS A cross-sectional study. A total of 135 hearing-impaired individuals using hearing aids (study group) and 125 healthy individuals (control group) participated. The Turkish versions of the Acute Stress Symptoms Scale (ASSS) and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) were applied to all participants. The Turkish version of Amsterdam Inventory for Auditory Disability and Handicap (T-AIADH) was also applied to the study group in addition to other scales. The presence of any difference between the groups in terms of ASSS and BRS scores was investigated. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the control group and the study group in terms of ASSS results (Z = -4.4, P = .00). No statistically significant difference was found between the control group and the study group in terms of BRS scores (Z = -0.248, P = .804). Furthermore, T-AIADH scale was observed not to correlate either with ASSS or BRS (P > .05). In the study group, the change in income level after the pandemic, age and sex variables were determined as a significant predictor of ASSS. CONCLUSION Identifying risks and protective factors for hearing-impaired individuals at the early stage of the epidemic is considered to be of critical importance to predict the psychological impact of both the epidemic and the response to the COVID-19 health crisis and to reduce stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Kaya
- Deparment of AudiologyAnkara Yıldırım Beyazıt UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | | | - Hilal Mecit
- Deparment of AudiologyAnkara Yıldırım Beyazıt UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | | | - Mustafa Karabulut
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck SurgeryMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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