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Anastasescu CM, Gheorman V, Stoicanescu EC, Popescu F, Gheorman V, Udriștoiu I. Immunological Biomarkers in Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Role of TNF-Alpha and Dependent Trends in Serum IL-6 and CXCL8. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1201. [PMID: 39337983 PMCID: PMC11432970 DOI: 10.3390/life14091201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has seen a rise in prevalence, and the immune system's role in brain development is increasingly recognized. This study investigates the relationship between immune dysregulation and ASD by examining serum concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (CXCL8), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in children. METHODS Serum samples from 45 children with ASD and 30 controls, aged 2 to 12 years, were analyzed using electrochemiluminescence, chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay, and chemiluminescent immunoassay. ASD symptoms were assessed using the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale (ASRS) and Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ). RESULTS No significant correlation was observed between CXCL8 levels and ASD. IL-6 levels showed a trend toward elevation in boys with ASD. TNF-alpha levels were significantly higher in children with ASD under 5 years compared to older children and controls, though no correlation with symptom severity was found. CONCLUSIONS TNF-alpha may be a potential biomarker for early ASD detection, especially in younger children. Further research on larger cohorts is needed to understand the role of immune dysregulation in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veronica Gheorman
- Department of Medical Semiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Eugen-Cristi Stoicanescu
- Pediatry Department, Emergency Clinical Hospital Râmnicu-Vâlcea, 200300 Râmnicu-Vâlcea, Romania;
| | - Florica Popescu
- Pharmacology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Victor Gheorman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.G.); (I.U.)
| | - Ion Udriștoiu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (V.G.); (I.U.)
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2
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M Metwally A, A Helmy M, Aboulghate A, Abu-Mandil Hassan N, S Mahmoud W, S Ismail A, M El Shebini S, H Ahmed N, B Mabrok H, H Mahmoud M, A Elshaarawy G, Elsaied A, A Ashaat E, S ElRifay A, Abdelhady S, E Eldeeb S, M El-Saied M, A El-Masry S, E Hassan N, Y Badawy H, A Elghareeb N, Abdelrahman M, M Alian K. The odds of having obesity in Egyptian children with autism spectrum disorders is higher than stunting compared to healthy developing peers: a national survey. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:465. [PMID: 39033272 PMCID: PMC11264811 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nutritional status and growth of children with Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is influenced significantly by two factors; food selectivity behaviors due to their consumption of a limited variety of food and the high incidence of gastrointestinal (GIT) disorders. AIM This study aimed to assess the nutritional adequacy and growth pattern of ASD children aged three to twelve years compared to their healthy developing peers. METHODS A national comparative, facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in eight Egyptian governorates on 285 Egyptian children diagnosed with ASD and 224 children who are their relatives as healthy developing peers. Anthropometric measurements were obtained, including weight, height, head circumference, and mid-upper arm circumference. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated and all numbers were plotted on WHO growth charts. Assessment of food preferences, and nutrient intake adequacy of children was done using the Food preference questionnaire, and the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) of Egyptian children. RESULTS Calorie-dense food and sugar intake were higher among ASD children than their healthy developing peers. ASD children omit some important protein sources such as dairy (COR = 5.2, 95% CI:2.7-9.9), meat, and poultry (COR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6-4.7), and a lower intake of fruits and vegetables than their healthy developing peers. For children with ASD in all age groups, a deficiency in the range of 50-60% was detected for vitamins (C, D, B6, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin) and minerals (iron). A deficiency in the range of 60-70% was detected for folate and calcium. A deficiency of vitamin C calcium and iron was also detected for both children with ASD and their healthy developing relatives aged 6 to 12 years. GIT disorders were common among ASD children compared to healthy developing peers (COR = 2.8 to 10.3). Children with ASD had four-fold higher odds of stunting (COR = 4.1, CI: 1.7-10.1), threefold higher odds of being overweight (COR = 3.3, CI: 1.48-7.32), and nearly eleven-fold higher odds of obesity (COR = 11.4, CI: 4.05-32.17) compared to their healthy developing peers. CONCLUSION ASD children are prone to overweight and protein malnutrition. Their intake of fruits and vegetables is inadequate and hence their intake of vitamins and minerals is insufficient, contributing to stunting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammal M Metwally
- Community Medicine Research Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, P.O. 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
- Public Health and community medicine, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mona A Helmy
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, Environmental and climate change Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Aboulghate
- Community Medicine Research Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, P.O. 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Abu-Mandil Hassan
- Biological Anthropology Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute/National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa S Mahmoud
- Biological Anthropology Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute/National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Ismail
- Biological Anthropology Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute/National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa M El Shebini
- Nutrition and Food Science Department/Food Technology and Nutrition Division, National Research Centre, P.O: 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nihad H Ahmed
- Nutrition and Food Science Department/Food Technology and Nutrition Division, National Research Centre, P.O: 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hoda B Mabrok
- Nutrition and Food Science Department/Food Technology and Nutrition Division, National Research Centre, P.O: 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha H Mahmoud
- Nutrition and Food Science Department/Food Technology and Nutrition Division, National Research Centre, P.O: 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Elshaarawy
- Community Medicine Research Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, P.O. 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Elsaied
- Child with Special Needs Dept./ Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Engy A Ashaat
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira S ElRifay
- Child Health Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safaa Abdelhady
- Department of Psychiatry, Mansoura General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, El Dakahlyia, Egypt
| | - Sherif E Eldeeb
- Community Medicine Research Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, P.O. 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M El-Saied
- Child with Special Needs Dept./ Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar A El-Masry
- Biological Anthropology Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute/National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nayera E Hassan
- Biological Anthropology Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute/National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Y Badawy
- Prevention of disability general directorate, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahed A Elghareeb
- Prevention of disability general directorate, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelrahman
- Community Medicine Research Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, P.O. 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khadija M Alian
- Biological Anthropology Department/Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute/National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Kacperska M, Mizera J, Pilecki M, Pomierny-Chamioło L. The impact of excessive maternal weight on the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring-a narrative review of clinical studies. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:452-462. [PMID: 38649593 PMCID: PMC11126479 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00598-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The global prevalence of overweight and obesity is a significant public health concern that also largely affects women of childbearing age. Human epidemiological studies indicate that prenatal exposure to excessive maternal weight or excessive gestational weight gain is linked to various neurodevelopmental disorders in children, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, internalizing and externalizing problems, schizophrenia, and cognitive/intellectual impairment. Considering that inadequate maternal body mass can induce serious disorders in offspring, it is important to increase efforts to prevent such outcomes. In this paper, we review human studies linking excessive maternal weight and the occurrence of mental disorders in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kacperska
- Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Józef Mizera
- Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Pilecki
- Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 21a, 31-500, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lucyna Pomierny-Chamioło
- Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
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Lyu K, Li J, Chen M, Li W, Zhang W, Hu M, Zhang Y, Feng X. A bibliometric analysis of autism spectrum disorder signaling pathways research in the past decade. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1304916. [PMID: 38410675 PMCID: PMC10895046 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1304916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study employs bibliometric methods to comprehensively understand the fundamental structure of research about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Signaling Pathways by examining key indicators such as nations, institutions, journals, authors, and keywords. Methodology We utilized the WoScc database to retrieve literature relevant to ASD Signaling Pathways published between 2013 and 2023. Through visual analysis and tools like CiteSpace and VosViewer, we explored nations, institutions, journals, authors, and keywords, thereby constructing relevant networks. Results 26 The study encompasses 1,396 articles, revealing a consistent increase in publications. The United States, China, and Germany are leading nations in this literature. Regarding research institutions, the University of California system and Eric Klann have garnered significant attention due to their substantial contributions to the field of ASD Signaling Pathways. Most relevant research is published in the journal "Molecular Autism." Research interests are concentrated across various themes, including "elevating neuronal β-catenin levels," "Tunisian children," "Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice," "de novo mutations," "autistic children," "local translation," "propionic acid-induced mouse models," "neurosystems," "glucose metabolism," and "neuronal migration." Future research may emphasize exploring aspects such as gut microbiota, genes, stress, maternal immune activation, memory, and neurodevelopmental disorders of ASD. Conclusion This study, through bibliometric analysis of key indicators such as nations, institutions, journals, authors, and keywords, provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on ASD Signaling Pathways. These investigations predominantly focus on molecular mechanisms, animal model studies, population-based research, and the structure and function of neurosystems. Future research directions are also clearly proposed. First, in-depth research on the genes and neurodevelopmental disorders associated with ASD will continue to reveal the genetic basis and provide support for precise treatments. At the same time, attention to the gut microbiota will help explore its association with ASD, which may provide clues for new treatments. In addition, the relationship between stress and ASD will become the focus of research to understand better the emotional and behavioral characteristics of ASD patients in stressful situations. Maternal immune activation will also be further studied to explore how environmental factors influence the risk and development of ASD. Finally, a deeper understanding of the cognitive functions of patients with ASD, especially memory and learning, will help develop individualized treatment strategies to improve patients' quality of life. These directions will work together and are expected to provide a more comprehensive understanding of Signaling Pathways research in ASD and provide new ideas and opportunities for future intervention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifeng Lyu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jiangshan Li
- College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, Massage, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Min Chen
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Wu Li
- College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, Massage, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Pediatrics One, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Meichao Hu
- Rehabilitation Department, Chifeng Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospitalal, Chifeng, China
| | - Yuxing Zhang
- College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, Massage, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Feng
- College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, Massage, and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Inchingolo AM, Inchingolo AD, Viapiano F, Ciocia AM, Ferrara I, Netti A, Dipalma G, Palermo A, Inchingolo F. Treatment Approaches to Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7194. [PMID: 38002806 PMCID: PMC10671994 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This systematic review aimed to comprehensively evaluate the available literature on treating molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) or enamel hypomineralization published between 2013 and 2023, focusing on identifying relevant studies and their characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The search process encompassed reputable academic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, using a precise keyword strategy ("((molar incisor hypomineralization) OR (enamel hypomineralization)) AND (treatment)"). A total of 637 articles were initially retrieved, followed by a strict selection process adhering to PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria encompassed Randomized Control Trials (RCTs), case series with more than five clinical cases (CSs), studies involving human participants, availability as free full-text or accessible with university credentials, and English-language publications. Exclusion criteria included systematic or literature reviews, editorials, single-case reports, studies conducted in vitro, those involving animals, paid articles, and non-English-language publications. RESULTS The search yielded 864 articles, of which 23 met the stringent inclusion criteria after a meticulous selection process. These studies will serve as the basis for a comprehensive analysis of MIH treatment approaches. The systematic review ensures the quality and relevance of the chosen studies for a detailed assessment of MIH treatment strategies. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review will provide valuable insights into the characteristics of selected studies, patient profiles, and available treatment options for molar incisor hypomineralization, contributing to a better understanding of this dental condition's management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (A.D.I.); (F.V.); (A.M.C.); (I.F.); (A.N.)
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (A.D.I.); (F.V.); (A.M.C.); (I.F.); (A.N.)
| | - Fabio Viapiano
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (A.D.I.); (F.V.); (A.M.C.); (I.F.); (A.N.)
| | - Anna Maria Ciocia
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (A.D.I.); (F.V.); (A.M.C.); (I.F.); (A.N.)
| | - Irene Ferrara
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (A.D.I.); (F.V.); (A.M.C.); (I.F.); (A.N.)
| | - Anna Netti
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (A.D.I.); (F.V.); (A.M.C.); (I.F.); (A.N.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (A.D.I.); (F.V.); (A.M.C.); (I.F.); (A.N.)
| | - Andrea Palermo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Birmingham B4 6BN, UK;
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.M.I.); (A.D.I.); (F.V.); (A.M.C.); (I.F.); (A.N.)
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6
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Sportiello L, Di Napoli R, Balzano N, Mascolo A, Ruggiero R, Di Costanzo L, Monaco D, Maniscalco GT, Capuano A. Disease-Modifying Therapies (DMTs) in Pregnant and Lactating Women with Multiple Sclerosis: Analysis of Real-World Data from EudraVigilance Database. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1566. [PMID: 38004432 PMCID: PMC10675378 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The purpose of study was to compare the safety profile of glatiramer with natalizumab, alemtuzumab and ocrelizumab in pregnant and lactating women affected by multiple sclerosis (MS). (2) Methods: Individual case safety reports (ICSRs) were retrieved from the European spontaneous reporting system database (EudraVigilance). The reporting odds ratios (RORs) were computed to compare the reporting probability of events between natalizumab, alemtuzumab and ocrelizumab vs. glatiramer. (3) Results: A total of 1236 ICSRs reporting at least one DMT as a suspected drug were selected. More adverse drug reactions (ADRs) unrelated to pregnancy and breastfeeding (n = 1171; 32.6%) were reported than ADRs specific to pregnancy and breastfeeding (n = 1093; 30.4%). The most frequently reported unrelated ADR was MS relapse. Alemtuzumab and natalizumab seem to have a lower reporting probability of MS relapse compared to glatiramer (ROR 0.17, 95% CI 0.07-0.45 and ROR 0.34, 95% CI 0.20-0.57). Among pregnancy- and breastfeeding-related ADRs, the first most reported event was spontaneous abortion (n = 321; 8.9%). Natalizumab and ocrelizumab were associated with a higher reporting probability of spontaneous abortion compared to glatiramer (ROR 2.22, 95% CI 1.58-3.12; ROR 2.18, 95% CI 1.34-3.54, respectively), while alemtuzumab had a lower reporting frequency (ROR 0.32, 95% CI 0.17-0.60). (4) Conclusions: This study did not suggest any strong or new insights for DMTs in this special subpopulation. However, further studies need to be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liberata Sportiello
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.D.N.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (R.R.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Raffaella Di Napoli
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.D.N.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (R.R.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Nunzia Balzano
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.D.N.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (R.R.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Annamaria Mascolo
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.D.N.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (R.R.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Ruggiero
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.D.N.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (R.R.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Luigi Di Costanzo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Davida Monaco
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.D.N.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (R.R.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Teresa Maniscalco
- Multiple Sclerosis Regional Center, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Neurological Clinic and Stroke Unit, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Capuano
- Campania Regional Centre for Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.D.N.); (N.B.); (A.M.); (R.R.); (D.M.); (A.C.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
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Ziliotto M, Kulmann-Leal B, Kaminski VDL, Nunes GT, Riesgo RDS, Roman T, Schuch JB, Chies JAB. HLA-G*14 bp indel variant in autism spectrum disorder in a population from southern Brazil. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 383:578194. [PMID: 37683302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Altered immune response during pregnancy has been associated with ASD susceptibility. HLA-G is expressed by the trophoblast at the maternal/fetal interface and induces allogenic tolerance toward the fetus. A 14-bp insertion in the HLA-G 3'UTR (rs371194629) was associated with reduced levels of HLA-G. We aimed to assess the influence of the HLA-G*14 bp indel variant in ASD susceptibility and symptomatology in a Brazilian admixed sample. The insertion genotype (14 bp+/14 bp+) was firstly associated with hetero aggression, but statistical significance was lost after correction (p = 0.035, pcorrected = 0.35). No association between the HLA-G variant and susceptibility to ASD or differential clinical manifestations were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ziliotto
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Kulmann-Leal
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Valéria de Lima Kaminski
- Post Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Tyska Nunes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rudimar Dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Kaminski VDL, Kulmann-Leal B, Tyska-Nunes GL, Beltrame BP, Riesgo RDS, Schüler-Faccini L, Roman T, Schuch JB, Chies JAB. Association between NKG2/KLR gene variants and epilepsy in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 381:578132. [PMID: 37352688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders mainly characterized by repetitive, restrictive and stereotypical behaviors, and impaired communication skills. Several lines of evidence indicate that alterations of the immune system account for ASD development, including the presence of brain-reactive antibodies, abnormal T cell activation, altered cytokine levels in brain, cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood circulation, increased levels of circulating monocytes, and dysregulation in Natural Killer (NK) cells activity. Regarding NK cells, a lower cytotoxic activity, a higher level of activation and an increased number of these cells in individuals with ASD have been described. In 2019, a study showed that NK cells derived from patients with ASD show a characteristic pattern of NKG2C overexpression, highlighting the importance of the NK cell pathway in ASD. In fact, the study of genes related to NK cell activity has proven to be an excellent research target, both in terms of susceptibility as well as a marker for the different clinical manifestations observed in ASD individuals. Here, we evaluated the influence of KLRC2 gene deletion as well as KLRK1 rs1049174 and rs2255336 variants in a cohort of 185 children diagnosed with ASD and their respective biological parents in southern Brazil. Of note, this is the first study concerning genetic variants of the KLRC2 and KLRK1 genes in an ASD sample. The KLRC2 gene deletion (p = 0.001; pc = 0.009), KLRK1 rs1049174 (p = 0.005; pc = 0.045) and KLRK1 rs2255336 (p = 0.001; pc = 0.009) were associated with epilepsy in ASD patients. The results indicate that KLRC2 deletion, KLRK1 rs2255336, and KLRK1 rs1049174 could be involved in epilepsy manifestation in ASD patients, possibly impacting the NK dysregulation already described in ASD and epileptic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria de Lima Kaminski
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Applied Immunology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology - ICT, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São José dos Campos - São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São José dos Campos - São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Kulmann-Leal
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Luís Tyska-Nunes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Brenda Pedron Beltrame
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rudimar Dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Lavinia Schüler-Faccini
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Brazilian Teratogen Information Service (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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