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Elnahas SM, Mansour HAEH, El-Sawi MR, Abou-El-Naga AM. Therapeutic effect of Momordica charantia on cardiomyopathy in a diabetic maternal rat model. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 341:977-990. [PMID: 38973290 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial structural and functional abnormalities are hallmarks of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a chronic consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Maternal DM affects and increases the risk of heart defects in diabetic mothers compared with nondiabetic mothers. Momordica charantia exhibits antidiabetic effects due to various bioactive compounds that are phytochemicals, a broad group that includes phenolic compounds, alkaloids, proteins, steroids, inorganic compounds, and lipids. Pregnant maternal rats were split into four groups: control (C), M. charantia-treated (MC), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (DM), and diabetic (MC + DM) groups. Diabetes mothers had increased serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Cardiac biomarkers such as cardiac troponin T (cTnT), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase were increased. Hormone levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, and estrogen decreased significantly. Inflammatory markers such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were elevated in diabetic mothers. Oxidative stress markers indicated increased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, while antioxidants such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were decreased in maternal heart tissue. The levels of apoptotic markers such as tumor suppressor 53 (P53) and cysteine aspartic protease-3 (caspase-3) were significantly greater in diabetic maternal heart tissue. Histopathological analysis revealed heart tissue abnormalities in diabetic maternal rats. M. charantia extract improved maternal diabetes-induced changes in inflammation, antioxidant levels, and heart tissue structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa M Elnahas
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Mamdouh R El-Sawi
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Karadeniz B, Beyazcicek O. Investigation of the cardioprotective effects of Momordica charantia in the isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction model in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117274. [PMID: 39116781 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are the most prevalent and primary cause of death globally, and the most deadly and dangerous of these diseases is myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as heart attack, which develops due to insufficient coronary artery flow and causes irreversible myocardial cell damage. This study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of Momordica charantia (MC), known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, in an experimental acute MI model induced by isoprenaline (ISO) in rats. METHODS In the study, forty-nine male Wistar rats were split up into 7 groups as control (CONT), Glycerin (GLCN), isoprenaline (ISO), 500 mg/kg MC (MC500), isoprenaline+100 mg/kg MC (ISO+MC100), isoprenaline+250 mg/kg MC (ISO+MC250), isoprenaline+500 mg/kg MC (ISO+MC500). Substances were administered to the groups for 30 days. Isoprenaline (85 mg/kg) was administered by subcutaneous injection on the last two days of the study (days of the 29 and 30). Electrocardiogram (ECG) recording and collecting blood samples of the animals were performed 24 hours after the last administration of the substances under the anesthesia. Serum IL-6, Nrf2, IL-10, HO-1, TNF-α, CK-MB, cTn-I and CRP levels were determined by the ELISA method. RESULTS Compared to the ISO group, levels of CK-MB, HO-1, TNF-α, CRP, IL-6 and cTn-I were found statistically lower in MC-administered groups (p<0.05). In addition, MC restored ISO-induced abnormal ECG changes to normal levels. CONCLUSION In conclusion, ECG findings, proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and cardiac biomarkers suggest that MC may have cardioprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcin Karadeniz
- Duzce University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Ozge Beyazcicek
- Duzce University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Duzce, Turkey.
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Hu Z, Luo Y, Wu Y, Qin D, Yang F, Luo F, Lin Q. Extraction, structures, biological effects and potential mechanisms of Momordica charantia polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131498. [PMID: 38614167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Momordica charantia L. is a kind of vegetable with medicinal value. As the main component of the vegetable, Momordica charantia polysaccharides (MCPs) mainly consist of galactose, galacturonic acid, xylose, rhamnose, mannose and the molecular weight range is 4.33 × 103-1.16 × 106 Da. MCPs have been found to have various biological activities in recent years, such as anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-brain injury, anti-obesity, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammation. In this review, we systematically summarized the extraction methods, structural characteristics and physicochemical properties of MCPs. Especially MCPs modulate gut microbiota and cause the alterations of metabolic products, which can regulate different signaling pathways and target gene expressions to exert various functions. Meanwhile, the potential structure-activity relationships of MCPs were analyzed to provide a scientific basis for better development or modification of MCPs. Future researches on MCPs should focus on industrial extraction and molecular mechanisms. In East Asia, Momordica charantia L. is used as both food and medicine. It is not clear whether MCP has its unique biological effects. Further study on the difference between MCPs and other food-derived polysaccharides will be helpful to the development and potential application of Momordica charantia L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuomin Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Yidan Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Yuchi Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Feiyan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Qinlu Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
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Liu J, Guo Y, Sun J, Lei Y, Guo M, Wang L. Extraction methods, multiple biological activities, and related mechanisms of Momordica charantia polysaccharide: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130473. [PMID: 38423437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Momordica Charantia Polysaccharide (MCP) is a key bioactive compound derived from bitter melon fruit. This review summarizes the advancements in MCP research, including extraction techniques, biological activities, and mechanisms. MCP can be extracted using various methods, and has demonstrated hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory effects. Research suggests that MCP may regulate metabolic enzymes, oxidative stress reactions, and inflammatory pathways. The review highlights the potential applications of MCP in areas such as anti-diabetes, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory research. Future research should focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms of MCP and optimizing extraction methods. This review provides a foundation for further research and utilization of MCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 062000, China.
| | - Yuying Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 062000, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 062000, China
| | - Yuxin Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 062000, China
| | - Mingyi Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 062000, China
| | - Linhong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, 73 Jianshe South Road, Lubei District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 062000, China.
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Qin Z, Huang M, Zhang X, Hua Y, Zhang X, Li X, Fan C, Li R, Yang J. Structural and in vivo-in vitro myocardial injury protection features of two novel polysaccharides from Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinense G. Don. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130537. [PMID: 38432275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the structural characteristics, in vivo antiatherosclerosis activity, and in vitro myocardial injury protection effects of polysaccharides from Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinense G. Don. Thus, crude polysaccharides of Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinense G. Don significantly reduced serum lipid levels, improved cardiac myocyte morphology and arrangement, and relieved the development of myocardial fibrosis. Meanwhile, the lesion areas of the aorta and aortic valve had evident visual improvements. Furthermore, two main novel purified polysaccharides, namely, AMB-1 and ACGD-1, were isolated and characterized from crude Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinense G. Don fractions, respectively. The purified polysaccharides mainly consisted of fructose and glucose and had molecular weights of 25.22 and 19.53 kDa, respectively. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, methylation, and nuclear magnetic resonance data revealed the primary structures of the AMB1 (or ACGD1) backbone with branched side chains. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that the purified polysaccharides were both piled together in a lamellar or clastic form with a smooth surface along with linear or irregular bulges. Moreover, the purified polysaccharides both showed nontoxicity on H9c2 cells and effectively dropped hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis by the BCL-2/BAX pathway. Overall, the characterization of the structural properties and in vivo and in vitro myocardial injury protection effects of Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinense G. Don polysaccharides enriched our understanding of their nutritional and medicinal values. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the structural characteristics and bioactivities of Allium chinense G. Don polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifei Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Meixia Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yuzhuo Hua
- College of Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medicinal Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Application & Translation of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xinqiang Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Cailian Fan
- College of Medicine, Henan Engineering Research Center of Funiu Mountain's Medicinal Resources Utilization and Molecular Medicine, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China
| | - Renfeng Li
- Departments of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Engineering Research Center for Application & Translation of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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Zhou H, Li T, Li J, Zheng D, Yang J, Zhuang X. Linear association of compound dietary antioxidant index with hyperlipidemia: a cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1365580. [PMID: 38487634 PMCID: PMC10937358 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1365580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing evidence that antioxidant-rich diets may prevent hyperlipidemia. However, the relationship between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and hyperlipidemia is unclear. The CDAI is a composite score reflecting the antioxidant content of an individual's diet, and this study aimed to investigate the relationship between CDAI and hyperlipidemia. Methods The study used the 2003-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for cross-sectional analyses and included 27,626 participants aged 20 years and older. The CDAI, which includes vitamins A, C, and E, zinc, selenium, and carotenoids, was calculated based on dietary intake reported in a 24-h recall interview. Hyperlipidemia was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). Covariates included age, sex, race, education, marriage, household poverty-to-income ratio (PIR), glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), body mass index (BMI), energy, carbohydrates, total fat, cholesterol, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and lipid-lowering medications. The association between CDAI and hyperlipidemia was explored through multiple logistic regression analyses and smoothed curve fitting. We also performed subgroup analyses and interaction tests to verify the relationship's stability. Results After adjusting for potential confounders, CDAI was negatively associated with the risk of developing hyperlipidemia (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96-0.99, p < 0.01). The results of weighted regression models stratified by quartiles of CDAI (-8.664 ≤ Q1 ≤ -2.209, -2.209 < Q2 ≤ -0.002, -0.002 < Q3 ≤ 2.774, 2.774 < Q4 ≤ 124.284), fully adjusted for confounding variables, indicated that compared with the bottom quartile (Q1) of the CDAI, Q2, Q3, and Q4 of participants had a lower advantage ratio (Q2: OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.78-1.06, p < 0.21; Q3: OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73-1.00, p < 0.05; and Q4: OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64-0.94, p < 0.01), which was confirmed by a test for trend (p < 0.05). Smoothed curve fit analysis showed linearity (p for non-linear = 0.0912). In summary, there is a linear negative relationship between CDAI and the risk of developing hyperlipidemia. Subgroup analyses by age, sex, ethnicity, education level, marriage, tobacco status, alcoholic drinking, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, and diabetes did not indicate strong interactions. Conclusion In this large cross-sectional study, there was a linear negative association between CDAI and hyperlipidemia among US adults. Therefore increase antioxidant rich foods in your life as a prevention of hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tianshu Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dongdong Zheng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Zheng J, Shang M, Dai G, Dong J, Wang Y, Duan B. Bioactive polysaccharides from Momordica charantia as functional ingredients: a review of their extraction, bioactivities, structural-activity relationships, and application prospects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37599638 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2248246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Momordica charantia L. is a well-known medicine and food homology plant with high pharmaceutical and nutritional values. Polysaccharides are carbohydrate polymers connected by glycosidic bonds, one of the key functional ingredients of M. charantia. Recently, M. charantia polysaccharides (MCPs) have attracted much attention from industries and researchers due to their anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-diabetes, anti-bacteria, immunomodulatory, neuroprotection, and organ protection activities. However, the development and utilization of MCPs-based functional foods and medicines were hindered by the lack of a deeper understanding of the structure-activity relationship (SAR), structural modification, applications, and safety of MCPs. Herein, we provide an overview of the extraction, purification, structural characterization, bioactivities, and mechanisms of MCPs. Besides, SAR, toxicities, application, and influences of the modification associated with bioactivities are spotlighted, and the potential development and future study direction are scrutinized. This review provides knowledge and research underpinnings for the further research and application of MCPs as therapeutic agents and functional food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Mingyue Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Guona Dai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Jingjing Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, China
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baozhong Duan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali, China
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Erdoğan F, Kaplan AA, Coşkun HS, Altun G, Altunkaynak BZ, Kelsaka E, Kaplan S, Pişkin A. Momordica charantia Enhances Tendon Healing in Rats: An Experimental Study. Cells Tissues Organs 2023; 213:304-315. [PMID: 37586334 DOI: 10.1159/000533644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Momordica charantia (MC) is a traditional plant widely used since ancient times for wound healing. This study evaluated its potential effects on tendon healing. Adult male Wistar albino rats (n = 32, 8 rats in each group) were anesthetized, and their Achilles tendons were prepared for surgical procedures. Group 1 (Cont = control group) was not subjected to any surgery and was used as a control group for baseline values. Group 2 (PR = primary repair group) underwent primary repair (PR) with a monofilament suture after a full-thickness incision of the Achilles tendon. A full-thickness incision was also made to the Achilles tendon of group 3 (CT = collagen tube-administered group), followed by PR and collagen tube insertion. In group 4 (MC = M. charantia-administered group), 1 mL of MC extract was applied locally on the collagen tube in addition to the surgical procedure applied to group 3. The Achilles tendons were excised on the postoperative 40th day and examined stereologically, histologically, and bioinformatically. Data showed that the total volume of the collagen fibers was higher in MC and CT groups than in the PR group. The total volume of the tendon was decreased in MC and CT groups than in the Cont group. The ratios between the volumes of the collagen fibers and total tendon in the MC and CT groups were significantly different from PR, but not different from the Cont group. Additionally, MC improved tenoblastic activity, collagen production, and neovascularization. Bioinformatic interactions showed that the proteases of MC could trigger the signals playing a role on vasculogenesis, reducing inflammation, and contributing to tenoblast activation and collagen remodeling. MC extract ameliorates the healing of injured tendon and can provide satisfactory tendon repair. Further works are recommended to explore the healing capacity of MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Erdoğan
- Clinic of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Sabuncuoğlu Şerafeddin Training and Research Hospital, Amasya, Turkey
| | - Arife Ahsen Kaplan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul Medipol University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Sina Coşkun
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Gamze Altun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Berrin Zuhal Altunkaynak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Kelsaka
- Department of Anaesthesia and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Kaplan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
- Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Ahmet Pişkin
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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Bora AFM, Kouame KJEP, Li X, Liu L, Pan Y. New insights into the bioactive polysaccharides, proteins, and triterpenoids isolated from bitter melon (Momordica charantia) and their relevance for nutraceutical and food application: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123173. [PMID: 36642359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The recent trend in infectious diseases and chronic disorders has dramatically increased consumers' interest in functional foods. As a result, the research of bioactive ingredients with potential for nutraceutical and food application has rapidly become a topic of interest. In this optic, the plant Momordica charantia (M. charantia) has recently attracted the most attention owing to its numerous biological properties including anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancers among others. However, the current literature on M. charantia has mainly been concerned with the plant extract while little is known on the specific bioactive compounds responsible for the plant's health benefits. Hence, the present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent research progress on bioactives isolated from M. charantia, focusing on polysaccharides, proteins, and triterpenoids. Thus, this review provides an up-to-date account of the different extraction methods used to isolate M. charantia bioactives. In addition, the structural features and biological properties are presented. Moreover, this review discusses the current and promising applications of M. charantia bioactives with relevance to the nutraceutical and food industries. The information provided in this review will serve as a theoretical basis and practical support for the formulation of products enriched with M. charantia bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awa Fanny Massounga Bora
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Kouadio Jean Eric-Parfait Kouame
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Yue Pan
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang St., Xiangfang Dist, 150030 Harbin, China
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Chen Y, Huang Q, Feng Y. Exercise improves cardiac function in the aged rats with myocardial infarction. Physiol Res 2023; 72:27-35. [PMID: 36545879 PMCID: PMC10069814 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise can improve the cardiovascular health. However, the mechanism contributing to its beneficial effect on elderly patients with myocardial infarction is obscure. 20-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish myocardial infarction (MI) model by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) of the heart, followed by 4-week interval exercise training on a motor-driven rodent treadmill. The cardiac function, myocardial fibrosis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses were determined by using pressure transducer catheter, polygraph physiological data acquisition system, Masson's trichrome staining, and ELISA to evaluate the impact of post-MI exercise training on MI. Western blot were performed to detect the activation of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1alpha signaling in the hearts of aged rats. Exercise training significantly improved cardiac function and reduced the cardiac fibrosis. In infarcted heart, the apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation were significantly reduced after 4-week exercise training. Mechanistically, AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1alpha pathway was activated in the myocardial infarction area after exercise training, which might participate in the protection of cardiac function. Exercise training improves cardiac function in MI rats through reduction of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which may mediate by the activation of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1alpha signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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Richter E, Geetha T, Burnett D, Broderick TL, Babu JR. The Effects of Momordica charantia on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054643. [PMID: 36902074 PMCID: PMC10002567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T2DM is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance. It is recognized as one of the most common metabolic disorders and its prevalence continues to raise major concerns in healthcare globally. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a gradual neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the chronic loss of cognitive and behavioral function. Recent research suggests a link between the two diseases. Considering the shared characteristics of both diseases, common therapeutic and preventive agents are effective. Certain bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, vitamins, and minerals found in vegetables and fruits can have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that allow for preventative or potential treatment options for T2DM and AD. Recently, it has been estimated that up to one-third of patients with diabetes use some form of complementary and alternative medicine. Increasing evidence from cell or animal models suggests that bioactive compounds may have a direct effect on reducing hyperglycemia, amplifying insulin secretion, and blocking the formation of amyloid plaques. One plant that has received substantial recognition for its numerous bioactive properties is Momordica charantia (M. charantia), otherwise known as bitter melon, bitter gourd, karela, and balsam pear. M. charantia is utilized for its glucose-lowering effects and is often used as a treatment for diabetes and related metabolic conditions amongst the indigenous populations of Asia, South America, India, and East Africa. Several pre-clinical studies have documented the beneficial effects of M. charantia through various postulated mechanisms. Throughout this review, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the bioactive components of M. charantia will be highlighted. More studies will be necessary to establish the clinical efficacy of the bioactive compounds within M. charantia to effectively determine its pertinence in the treatment of metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, such as T2DM and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Richter
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Thangiah Geetha
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Donna Burnett
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Tom L. Broderick
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA
| | - Jeganathan Ramesh Babu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-223-844-3840
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12
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Reed D, Kumar D, Kumar S, Raina K, Punia R, Kant R, Saba L, Cruickshank-Quinn C, Tabakoff B, Reisdorph N, Edwards MG, Wempe M, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. Transcriptome and metabolome changes induced by bitter melon ( Momordica charantia)- intake in a high-fat diet induced obesity model. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 12:287-301. [PMID: 35493312 PMCID: PMC9039170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disease of physiological imbalances interrelated to abnormal metabolic conditions, such as abdominal obesity, type II diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension. In the present pilot study, we investigated the nutraceutical bitter melon (Momordica charantia L) -intake induced transcriptome and metabolome changes and the converging metabolic signaling networks underpinning its inhibitory effects against MetS-associated risk factors. Experimental procedure Metabolic effects of lyophilized bitter melon juice (BMJ) extract (oral gavage 200 mg/kg/body weight-daily for 40 days) intake were evaluated in diet-induced obese C57BL/6J male mice [fed-high fat diet (HFD), 60 kcal% fat]. Changes in a) serum levels of biochemical parameters, b) gene expression in the hepatic transcriptome (microarray analysis using Affymetrix Mouse Exon 1.0 ST arrays), and c) metabolite abundance levels in lipid-phase plasma [liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics] after BMJ intervention were assessed. Results and conclusion BMJ-mediated changes showed a positive trend towards enhanced glucose homeostasis, vitamin D metabolism and suppression of glycerophospholipid metabolism. In the liver, nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and circadian rhythm signaling, as well as bile acid biosynthesis and glycogen metabolism targets were modulated by BMJ (p < 0.05). Thus, our in-depth transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis suggests that BMJ-intake lowers susceptibility to the onset of high-fat diet associated MetS risk factors partly through modulation of PPAR signaling and its downstream targets in circadian rhythm processes to prevent excessive lipogenesis, maintain glucose homeostasis and modify immune responses signaling.
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Key Words
- AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
- BMJ, bitter melon juice
- Bitter melon
- DIO, diet-induced obese
- Diet intervention
- HDL, high density lipoprotein (cholesterol)
- HFD, high fat diet
- HMDB, Human Metabolome Database
- High fat diet-induced obesity
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- LC-MS, liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry
- LDL, low density lipoprotein (cholesterol)
- MetS, Metabolic syndrome
- Metabolic syndrome
- Momordica charantia
- PC, phosphatidylcholine
- PE, phosphatidylethanolamine
- PPARs, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Reed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Division of Critical Care Medicine and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Reenu Punia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rama Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Laura Saba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charmion Cruickshank-Quinn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Boris Tabakoff
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nichole Reisdorph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Michael Wempe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chapla Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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13
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Oyelere SF, Ajayi OH, Ayoade TE, Santana Pereira GB, Dayo Owoyemi BC, Ilesanmi AO, Akinyemi OA. A detailed review on the phytochemical profiles and anti-diabetic mechanisms of Momordica charantia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09253. [PMID: 35434401 PMCID: PMC9010624 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most well-known endocrine dilemma suffered by hundreds of million people globally, with an annual mortality of more than one million people. This high mortality rate highlights the need for in-depth study of anti-diabetic agents. This review explores the phytochemical contents and anti-diabetic mechanisms of M. charantia (cucurbitaceae). Studies show that M. charantia contains several phytochemicals that have hypoglycemic effects, thus, the plant may be effective in the treatment/management of diabetes mellitus. Also, the biochemical and physiological basis of M. charantia anti-diabetic actions is explained. M. charantia exhibits its anti-diabetic effects via the suppression of MAPKs and NF-κβin pancreatic cells, promoting glucose and fatty acids catabolism, stimulating fatty acids absorption, inducing insulin production, ameliorating insulin resistance, activating AMPK pathway, and inhibiting glucose metabolism enzymes (fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and glucose-6-phosphatase). Reviewed literature was obtained from credible sources such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
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14
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Kalita P, Ahmed AB, Sen S, Chakraborty R. A comprehensive review on polysaccharides with hypolipidemic activity: Occurrence, chemistry and molecular mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:681-698. [PMID: 35247430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, research on natural products is facing challenging future in various aspects. A large group of natural polysaccharides such as β-glucan, cellulose, hemicellulose, chitin, pectin, agaropectin, heteroglycans, lignins, hydrocolloids, homopolysaccharides, heteropolysaccharides were studied extensively for their various therapeutical potential. Several research works have already demonstrated those polysaccharides has tremendous health benefits, and found to exhibit anticancer, antiviral, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant and antitumor activities. Different mushroom, plant, fungus, algae, vegetables, microalgae etc. are some important source of several polysaccharide macromolecules such as glucans, ulvan A, ulvan B, fucoidan, rhamnan sulfate, laminarin sulfate, agar, alginate, heteroglycans. Earlier research work demonstrated that natural polysaccharides have the highest ability to carry biological properties along with some biopolymers like as proteins and nucleic acids due to their structural variability. The preventive effect of these biomacromolecules was extensively studied, especially their beneficial effect on chronic metabolic conditions like dyslipidemia and related disorders. Dyslipidemia is a serious metabolic disorder associated with coronary heart disease, coronary artery diseases, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, etc. Dietary natural polysaccharides could play an important role in the management and prevention of dyslipidemia. Polysaccharides from natural sources mainly sulfated polysaccharides exhibited predominant lipid-lowering and cholesterol-lowering activities through different mechanisms. Polysaccharides isolated from different edible plants, vegetables, plant, algae, mushroom with higher biological activities, particularly hypolipidemic activity were highlighted in this paper, in a way for their futuristic therapeutic application. This review aims to comprehensively discuss overall advances in hypolipidemic activity of polysaccharides, including their sources, structural characteristic and chemistry, biological activity and their probable mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap Kalita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town University, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India; Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, 781026, India; Research Scholar, Assam Science Technology University, Guwahati, Assam, 781013, India.
| | - Abdul Baquee Ahmed
- Girijananda Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tezpur, Assam 784501, India
| | - Saikat Sen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town University, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India
| | - Raja Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Medical Sciences, Adamas University, West Bengal, 700126, India
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15
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Cheng G, Zhang J, Jia S, Feng P, Chang F, Yan L, Gupta P, Wu H. Cardioprotective Effect of Gossypin Against Myocardial Ischemic/Reperfusion in Rats via Alteration of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Gut Microbiota. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1637-1651. [PMID: 35282267 PMCID: PMC8906873 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s348883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a key prognostic factor after the myocardial infarction. However, at the time of reperfusion, the myocardial tissue has undergone for the necrosis and initiated the induction of oxidative stress and inflammation. The current study was to scrutinize the cardioprotective effect of gossypin against ISO-induced I/R injury in myocardial tissue and explore the possible underlying mechanism. Methods Sprague Dawley (SD) was used in the current protocol and ISO was used for induction the I/R in rat. The rats were divided into different groups and received the oral administration of gossypin treatment before the reperfusion. The body weight, heart weight and heart body weight ratio were estimated. The antioxidant, cardiac injury parameters, inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators, gut microbiota and lipid parameters were estimated. At the end, heart tissue histopathological study was carried out. Results ISO-induced I/R rats received the gossypin treatment significantly (P < 0.001) enhanced the body weight and decreased the heart weight, along with suppressed the infarct size. Gossypin treatment significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the level of heart parameters, such as creatinine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), cardiac troponin I (CTn-I) and cardiac troponin T (CTn-T) in the serum. Gossypin treatment significantly (P < 0.001) altered the cardiac function, hepatic, antioxidant, inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators. Gossypin significantly (P < 0.001) suppressed the MMP-2 and MMP-9 in ISO-induced I/R rats. Gossypin treatment considerably alleviated the gut dysbiosis through altered Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and also maintained the relative abundance of Butyricicoccus, Clostridium IV, Akkermansia, Roseburia and Clostridium XIVs. Conclusion Based on result, we can conclude that gossypin is an alternative drug for the treatment of ISO-induced I/R in rats via alteration of oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xian, 710068, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Gong Cheng, Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xian, 710068, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8618729529996, Email
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xian, 710068, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Jia
- Department of Emergency, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xian, 710068, People’s Republic of China
| | - Panpan Feng
- Department of General Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xian, 710068, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengjun Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xian, 710068, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xian, 710068, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pranay Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Haoyu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xian, 710068, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Ramakrishna K, Krishnamurthy S. Indole-3-carbinol ameliorated the isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction via multimodal mechanisms in Wistar rats. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:6044-6049. [PMID: 35175868 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2041632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the cardioprotection of Indole-3-carbinol on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats. I3C treatment significantly reduced the prolongation of the QRS complex, QT interval, and ST-segment elevation. I3C was also able to normalise blood pressure (SBP, DBP, and MAP) and HR. I3C significantly decreased heart weight, cardiac troponin I (cTn I), CK-MB, LDH, AST and ALT. I3C ameliorated acute hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidemia, and myocardial infarction (%) in ISO rats. I3C treatment significantly elevated the antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT, and GSH and attenuated the MDA levels. I3C reduced the inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine 1 L-10. Furthermore, I3C significantly recovered myocardial structure by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and oedema. Moreover, I3C attenuated apoptotic markers (cytochrome C, caspase 9 and caspase 3). Consequently, I3C restored cardiac function in MI rats by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and I3C could be used to treat myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakarla Ramakrishna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Banaras Hindu University (IIT BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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17
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Mehmet Ekici, Güngör H, Karayığıt MÖ, Turgut NH, Koҫkaya M, Karataș Ö, Üner AG. Cardioprotective Effect of Empagliflozin in Rats with Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction: Evaluation of Lipid Profile, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, DNA Damage, and Apoptosis. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022130039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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18
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Zhou YX, Zhang H, Peng C. Effects of Puerarin on the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:771793. [PMID: 34950032 PMCID: PMC8689134 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.771793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerarin, an isoflavone glycoside derived from Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, has been identified as a pharmacologically active component with diverse benefits. A large number of experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that puerarin is widely used in the treatment of a variety of diseases. Among them, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the world, and therefore remain one of the most prominent global public health concerns. In this review, we systematically analyze the preclinical investigations of puerarin in CVDs, such as atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, diabetic cardiovascular complications, myocardial infarction, stroke and hypertension. In addition, the potential molecular targets of puerarin are also discussed. Furthermore, we summarize the clinical trails of puerarin in the treatment of CVDs. Finally, the therapeutic effects of puerarin derivatives and its drug delivery systems are overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Library, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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19
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Dong X, Zhou M, Li Y, Li Y, Ji H, Hu Q. Cardiovascular Protective Effects of Plant Polysaccharides: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:783641. [PMID: 34867415 PMCID: PMC8639026 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.783641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a kind of heart, brain, and blood vessel injury disease by the interaction of various pathological factors. The pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is complex with various risk factors, including abnormally elevated blood pressure, glucose, and lipid metabolism disorders, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, etc. Plant polysaccharides are a special class of natural products derived from plant resources, which have the characteristics of wide sources, diverse biological activities, and low toxicity or side effects. Many studies have shown that plant polysaccharides improve cardiovascular diseases through various mechanisms such as anti-oxidative stress, restoring the metabolism of biological macromolecules, regulating the apoptosis cascade to reduce cell apoptosis, and inhibiting inflammatory signal pathways to alleviate inflammation. This article reviews the pharmacological effects and protective mechanisms of some plant polysaccharides in modulating the cardiovascular system, which is beneficial for developing more effective drugs with low side effects for management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengze Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yehong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinghua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Hou D, Liu F, Ren X, Shen Q, Zhou S. Protective mechanism of mung bean coat against hyperlipidemia in mice fed with a high-fat diet: insight from hepatic transcriptome analysis. Food Funct 2021; 12:12434-12447. [PMID: 34792057 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02455h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mung bean coat (MBC) is a good source of dietary fibre and phenolic compounds with medical properties, and can alleviate metabolic diseases. In the present study, the effects of MBC on high fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemia mice were evaluated, and the underlying mechanisms of MBC against hyperlipidemia from hepatic transcriptional analysis were explored. Four groups of mice were fed a normal control diet or a HFD with or without MBC supplementation (6%, w/w) for 12 weeks. The results demonstrated that MBC supplementation could effectively alleviate HFD-induced obese symptoms, such as body weight gain and white adipose tissue accumulation. Notably, the serum lipid profiles, including total triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, were significantly lowered, accompanied by a significant improvement in hepatic steatosis. RNA-sequencing analysis indicated 1126 differential expression genes responding to MBC supplementation, and the PPAR signaling pathway was significantly enriched. Furthermore, MBC supplementation could significantly upregulate the transcriptional expression of lipid transformation (lipidolysis)-related genes (Cpt1b, Cyp7a1, and PPAR-α) and downregulate the transcriptional expression of lipid synthesis-related genes (Scd1, Cd36, and PPAR-γ) to protect against the HFD-induced hyperlipidemia, and they were confirmed by qRCR and western blotting validation. Taken together, the present study provides valuable information for understanding the curative effects and action mechanism of MBC in alleviating hyperlipidemia, and thus may contribute to the development and application of MBC as functional foods or dietary supplement to protect against hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianzhi Hou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China. .,College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xin Ren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Qun Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain processing, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Sumei Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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21
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Medhet M, El-Bakly WM, Badr AM, Awad A, El-Demerdash E. Thymoquinone attenuates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction by inhibiting cytochrome C and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 49:391-405. [PMID: 34767666 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main active constituent of Nigella sativa. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of TQ on apoptotic parameters and MMP-9 expression in isoproterenol (ISP)-induced myocardial infarction (MI). TQ was given once daily for 7 days at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg orally with ISP (86 mg/kg; s.c.) administered on the sixth and seventh days. TQ pre-treatment protected against ISP-induced MI as approved by normalisation of electrocardiogram (ECG) and b (CK)-MB, minimal histopathological changes, and reduction of the infarction size. Effects of TQ could be supported by its antioxidant activity, evidenced by the increase of cardiac reduced glutathione and total serum antioxidant capacity, and the inhibition of ISO-induced lipid peroxidation. TQ anti-inflammatory activity was associated with reduced expression of NF-κB and TNF-α. TQ ameliorated cardiomyocytes, apoptotic pathways by inhibiting both the intrinsic pathway, via reducing cytoplasmic cytochrome C, and the extrinsic pathway, by inhibiting TNF-α and caspases, and the effect of TQ was dose-dependent. Moreover, TQ reduced the expression of metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, which is considered as a prognostic marker of ventricular remodelling, recommending that TQ can be used as a possible supplement to minimise post-MI changes. So, we conclude that TQ antiapoptotic activity and the inhibitory modulation of MMP-9 expression contribute to TQ protective effects in MI. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the effect of TQ on cytochrome c activity and MMP-9 expression in MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Medhet
- Department of Crime Investigation Research, The National Centre for Social & Criminological Research, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wesam M El-Bakly
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira M Badr
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza Awad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Zheng B, Zhou X, Hu X, Chen Y, Xie J, Yu Q. Advances in the regulation of natural polysaccharides on human health: The role of apoptosis/autophagy pathway. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34711083 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1995844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the multiple biological activities of polysaccharides, their great potential as "natural drugs" for many diseases has been the subject of continuous exploration in the field of food and nutrition. Apoptosis and autophagy play a key role in mammalian growth, development and maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that apoptosis/autophagy may be the key regulatory target for the beneficial effects of polysaccharides. However, the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy by polysaccharides is not consistent in different disease models. Therefore, this review outlined the relationship between apoptosis/autophagy and some common human diseases, then discussed the role of apoptosis/autophagy pathway in the regulation of human health by polysaccharides, Furthermore, the application of visualization, imaging and multi-omics techniques was proposed in the future trend. The present review may be beneficial to accelerate our understanding of the anti-disease mechanisms of polysaccharides, and promote the development and utilization of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Cheng XJ, Li L, Xin BQ. MiR-124 Regulates the Inflammation and Apoptosis in Myocardial Infarction Rats by Targeting STAT3. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:710-720. [PMID: 34037971 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to discover the effect of miR-124/STAT3 axis on the inflammation and cell apoptosis in myocardial infarction (MI) rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were selected for establishing MI models and divided into Sham, MI, MI + anti-miR-124 and MI + Ad-miR-124 groups. Cardiac function was detected via echocardiography. Hematoxylin & eosin (HE) and triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining were used to observe the pathological changes and infarction area, while transferase (TdT)-mediated D-UTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was to observe myocardial apoptosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were performed to determine the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that STAT3 was a target gene of miR-124. The expression levels of miR-124 were increased and the pSTAT3/STAT3 ratio was reduced in the MI rats. The rats in the MI group showed enhanced LVEDD and LVESD, reduced LVEF and LVFS, as well as larger myocardial infarction area compared with the Sham group, Besides, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 levels were elevated and the expressions of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 were downregulated in MI group. We further found that silencing miR-124 improved cardiac function, reduced infarction area and the levels of inflammatory cytokines, as well as prevented myocardial apoptosis in MI rats. Silencing miR-124 could inhibit the inflammation and apoptosis of myocardial cells, thereby relieving the MI injury via upregulation of STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rizhao People's Hospital, No. 126, Taian Road, Donggang District, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rizhao People's Hospital, No. 126, Taian Road, Donggang District, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China
| | - Ben-Qiang Xin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rizhao People's Hospital, No. 126, Taian Road, Donggang District, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China.
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Xie M, Tao W, Wu F, Wu K, Huang X, Ling G, Zhao C, Lv Q, Wang Q, Zhou X, Chen Y, Yuan Q, Chen Y. Anti-hypertensive and cardioprotective activities of traditional Chinese medicine-derived polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:917-934. [PMID: 34229020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a leading cause of death in modern society, have become a major public health issue globally. Although numerous approaches have been proposed to reduce morbidity and mortality, the pursuit of pharmaceuticals with more preventive and/or therapeutic value remains a focus of attention. Being a vast treasure trove of natural drug molecules, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history of clinical use in the prophylaxis and remedy of CVDs. Increasing lines of preclinical evidence have demonstrated the effectiveness of TCM-derived polysaccharides on hindering the progression of CVDs, e.g. hypertension, myocardial infarction. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are few reviews on the application of TCM-derived polysaccharides in combating CVDs. Hence, we provide an overview of primary literature on the anti-hypertensive and cardioprotective activities of herbal polysaccharides. Additionally, we also discuss the current limitations and propose a new hypothesis about how polysaccharides exert cardiovascular effects based on the metabolism of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaotian Xie
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Weili Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengjia Wu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kunlin Wu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiujie Huang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Gensong Ling
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuanyi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiongjin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianhuan Zhou
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Yuan
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yicun Chen
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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Chen Y, Peng L, Shi S, Guo G, Wen H. Boeravinone B alleviates gut dysbiosis during myocardial infarction-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6403-6416. [PMID: 34028176 PMCID: PMC8256339 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common heart disease, and also, it is one of the leading causes of death from cardiovascular disease. It is well known that MI causes additional injury during blood flow restoration in ischaemic myocardium. Boeravinone B (BB) is a well-known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drug. We investigated the cardioprotective effect of BB drug against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI in rats in this experimental study, along with we analysed its underlying mechanism. Adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were treated subcutaneously with ISO (45 mg/kg), then divided into groups and then given BB drug was administered orally. The cardioprotective effect of BB on ISO-induced MI rats was analysed by estimating the heart injury markers, antioxidant pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory parameters. We also detected quantified expression of inflammation and apoptosis-related marker protein family. We estimated the effect of BB drug on GUT microbiota in ISO-induced MI rats and scrutinized the histopathological variations in heart tissues. BB treatment significantly (P < .001) diminished the level of heart markers such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), troponin (TnT), creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzymes MB (CK-MB). BB treatment also altered the antioxidant parameters and reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum and tissues. Additionally, the histopathological aspects demonstrated that the pathological changes observed in the heart tissue of the ISO group rats were suppressed by the BB treatment to varying degrees. Furthermore, the expressions of caspase-3, p53, caspase-9, Bax, interleukin-6 (IL-6), cytochrome C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the heart tissue were down-regulated whereas the Bcl-2 expression seemed to be enhanced. BB treatment not only alleviated ISO-induced gut dysbiosis by its enhanced specified Firmicutesto-Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio but also maintained the relative abundance of major bacteria such as Clostridium IV, Butyricicoccus, Clostridium XIVs, Akkermansia and Roseburia. Collectively, our findings showed that the BB drug acted against myocardial infraction and prevented the damage by reducing the oxidative stress and controlling the inflammatory pathways, and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of CardiologySichuan Academy of Medical Science &Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengduChina
| | - Lei Peng
- Department of NephrologySichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengduChina
| | - Shaoqing Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Talent HighlandFirst Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong UniversityXianChina
| | - Heling Wen
- Department of CardiologySichuan Academy of Medical Science &Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengduChina
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Karimkhani H, Özkoç M, Shojaolsadati P, Uzuner K, Donmez DB, Kanbak G. Protective Effect of Boric Acid and Omega-3 on Myocardial Infarction in an Experimental Rat Model. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:2612-2620. [PMID: 32909114 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Boric acid and omega-3 are used as essential elements for both animal and human health. Many researchers have shown these beneficial effects on cardiac and inflammatory markers. This study aims to evaluate cardiac protective effect of boric acid and omega-3 against MI (myocardial infarction), probably due to the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines of natriuretic peptides in rats. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, MI, MI+boric acid, MI+omega-3, and MI+boric acid+omega-3. Saline solution (2 ml/day), omega-3 (800 mg/kg/day), and boric acid (100 mg/kg/day)+omega-3 (800 mg/kg/day) were orally administered to the relevant groups throughout the 28 days. To constitute the MI model, the rats were exposed to isoproterenol-HCl (ISO) (200 mg/kg, S.C.) on the 27th and 28th. In the MI group, serum levels of CK-MB, BNP, and TNF-α are increased significantly. Also, ST waves and heart rates were higher in the MI than the control. These results demonstrate that biochemical results healed in MI+boric acid, MI+omega-3, and MI+boric acid+omega-3 groups compared MI group. ECG and light microscope results supported the findings as well. The statistical analysis showed that boric acid and/or omega-3 has protective effects on cellular damage in MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Karimkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mete Özkoç
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Paria Shojaolsadati
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Uzuner
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Burukoglu Donmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Güngör Kanbak
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Baraka SA, Tolba MF, Elsherbini DA, El-Naga RN, Awad AS, El-Demerdash E. Rosuvastatin and low-dose carvedilol combination protects against isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in rats: Role of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signalling. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:1358-1370. [PMID: 34081810 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Rosuvastatin has been shown to activate PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which promotes cell survival in the myocardium. This study investigated the therapeutic benefit of adding rosuvastatin to low-dose carvedilol in protection against myocardial infarction (MI). Rosuvastatin (RSV) and carvedilol (CAR) were given for 7 consecutive days with concurrent administration of two doses of isoprenaline (ISP) on 6th and 7th days to induce MI. Isoprenaline injections caused detrimental alterations in the myocardial architecture and electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern and significantly increased the infarct size, heart index and serum levels of cardiotoxicity markers compared to the control group. ISP induced oxidative damage, inflammatory and apoptotic events and downregulated PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway compared to the control values. Treatment with low-dose CAR and/or RSV prevented the ECG and histopathological alterations induced by ISP, and also reduced the infarct size, heart index, serum creatine kinase-MB, cardiac troponin-I and C-reactive protein levels compared to ISP group. CAR and/or RSV treatment restored the activity of superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity with a consequent reduction in lipid peroxides level. Further, they decreased the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB (p65) and increased the phosphorylated PI3K and Akt, which may activate the anti-apoptotic signalling as evidenced by the decreased active caspase 3 level. The combination therapy has a more significant effect in the most studied parameters than their monotherapy, which may be because of the activation of PI3K/Akt Nrf2/HO-1 pro-survival signalling pathway. This study highlights the potential benefits of combining RSV with low-dose CAR in case of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Baraka
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Mai F Tolba
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Elsherbini
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem N El-Naga
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza S Awad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt.,Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt
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Momordica Charantia Polysaccharides Attenuates MPP+-Induced Injury in Parkinson’s Disease Mice and Cell Models by Regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway. INT J POLYM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5575636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the potential role of Momordica charantia polysaccharides (MCPs) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and reveal the molecular mechanism of its function. Method. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, MPP+) were used to establish PD mice and cell models. The mice and cells were divided into 4 groups: Control group, Control+MCPs group, PD group, and PD+MCPs group. Pole climbing experiment and Rotarod experiment were used to observe the coordination ability of mice. High-performance liquid chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to determine neurotransmitters and metabolites, inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β, oxidative stress-related markers SOD, MDA, and GSH in striatum tissues. Western blot was used to determine the protein levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), oxidative stress-related protein Cytochrome C (Cytochrome C), and apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved Caspase-3 in tissues and cells. Moreover, flow cytometry, PI staining, and fluorescence were used to observe cell apoptosis. Finally, the activation effect of MCPs on TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway was observed and verified. Results. Compared with the Control group, MPTP treatment can induce brain damage in mice (all
), change the metabolic state of neurotransmitters (all
), induce inflammation (all
), and induce apoptosis and the occurrence of oxidation reaction (all
); however, MCPs treatment can significantly reverse the above changes (all
). In cell models, studies have found that MCPs can play a protective role by regulating the activation state of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Conclusion. This study found that the application of MCPs therapy can play anti-inflammatory, antioxidative stress, and antiapoptotic effects in PD by regulating the activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.
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Salami MS, Bahrami G, Arkan E, Izadi Z, Miraghaee S, Samadian H. Co-electrospun nanofibrous mats loaded with bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) extract as the wound dressing materials: in vitro and in vivo study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:111. [PMID: 33827547 PMCID: PMC8028699 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interactive dressings are innovatively designed to interact with the wound surface and alter the wound environment to promote wound healing. In the current study, we integrated the physicochemical properties of Poly (caprolactone)/ Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Collagen (PCL/PVA/Col) nanofibers with the biological activities of Momordica charantia pulp extract to develop an efficient wound dressing. The electrospinning method was applied to fabricate the nanofibers, and the prepared wound dressings were thoroughly characterized. RESULTS SEM imaging showed that the nanofibers were uniform, straight, without any beds with a diameter in the range of 260 to 480 nm. Increasing the concentration of the extract increased the diameter of the nanofibers and also the wettability characteristics while reduced the ultimate tensile strength from 4.37 ± 0.90 MPa for PCL/PVA/Col to 1.62 ± 0.50 MPa for PCL/PVA/Col/Ex 10% (p < 0.05). The in vivo studies showed that the application of the wound dressings significantly enhanced the healing process and the highest wound closure, 94.01 ± 8.12%, was obtained by PCL/PVA/Col/Ex 10% nanofibers (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The incorporation of the extract had no significant effects on nanofibers' porosity, water vapor permeability, and swelling characteristics. The in vitro evaluations showed that the fabricated nanofibers were hemocompatible, cytocompatible, and prevent bacterial penetration through the dressing. These findings implied that the PCL/PVA/Col/Ex nanofibers can be applied as the wound dressing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saeid Salami
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Bahrami
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Arkan
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zhila Izadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahram Miraghaee
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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OZTURK BURHAN, INAL SERMET, DULGEROGLU TCIHAN, UZUMCUGIL AOKTAR, DEGER AYSENUR, KUYUBASI SNUMAN, KARAYEL HBASRI, GOK KADIR. HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND BIOMECHANICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA ON FRACTURE HEALING, KIDNEY, AND LIVER: AN EXPERIMENTAL RAT MODEL. J MECH MED BIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519421500196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Momordica charantia (MC) is a plant belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae. MC has antidiabetic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antimutagenic, antiulcerative, antiinflammatory and antilipidemic effects. However, information on the effect of MC on fracture union is lacking. This study aimed to examine the effect of MC on fracture union histopathologically and biomechanically. A total of 42 male Wistar-Albino rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, 14 in each group. A diaphyseal fracture was created on the right tibia of all rats. All fractures were fixed with a Kirschner (K) wire. The rats in Group I did not undergo any further procedures (Control group). Group II rats were treated with 0.9% saline oral gavage at a dose of [Formula: see text]L/day for 28 days [Saline (S) group]. The rats in Group III were given 300[Formula: see text]mg/kg MC extract per day, dissolved in [Formula: see text]L 0.9% saline by oral gavage for 28 days [MC (Extract) group]. After 28 days, all rats were sacrificed. Each group was randomly divided into two subgroups. The histopathological examination was performed on the right tibia of rats in the first subgroup and the biomechanical examination in the second subgroup. The kidneys and livers of all rats were evaluated histopathologically. Fracture union was significantly better in the Extract group compared with the Control and S groups histopathologically. The fracture inflammation values were lower in the Extract group than in the other groups. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of possible side effects to kidneys and livers. In terms of biomechanics, fracture union was significantly better in the Extract group compared with the Control and S groups except yield displacement values. MC had a positive effect on fracture union histopathologically and biomechanically.
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Affiliation(s)
- BURHAN OZTURK
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Kutahya Health Sciences University Evliya Çelebi, Education and Research Hospital, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - SERMET INAL
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - T. CIHAN DULGEROGLU
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - A. OKTAR UZUMCUGIL
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Park Hayat Hospital, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - AYSENUR DEGER
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - S. NUMAN KUYUBASI
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - H. BASRI KARAYEL
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Vocational School, Dumlupinar University, Gediz, Turkey
| | - KADIR GOK
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering And Architecture, Izmir Bakırçay University, İzmir, Turkey
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31
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Fu Q, Pan H, Tang Y, Rong J, Zheng Z. MiR-200a-3p Aggravates DOX-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Targeting PEG3 Through SIRT1/NF-κB Signal Pathway. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:302-313. [PMID: 33638775 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-020-09620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used cytotoxic drug whose application is limited by its severe side effects. Little was known regarding how to offset its side effects. Therefore this study aims to explore the role of miR-200a-3p in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and its possible mechanism. DOX-induced myocardial injury rat models were established, which were then injected with miR-200a-3p inhibitor (miR-200a-3p suppression) to observe the effects of miR-200a-3p on cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Heart function and weights of rat models were also measured. Cardiomyocytes were induced by DOX, in which PEG3 knockdown or corresponding plasmids were transfected to assess the possible effect of PEG3 on cell activity. Dual luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify the binding of PEG3 with miR-200a-3p. Elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), as well as suppressed left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) and ± dp/dt max were showed in myocardial injury rat models. DOX induced myocardial injury and increased miR-200a-3p expression levels. miR-200a-3p inhibitor could partially attenuate DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in rat models, while PEG3 could regulate myocardial injury in DOX-treated cell models. miR-200a-3p, by targeting PEG3 through SIRT1/NF-κB signal pathway, regulated cell proliferation, inflammation and apoptosis of myocardiocytes. The results in current study demonstrated that miR-200a-3p regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by targeting PEG3 through SIRT1/NF-κB signal pathway. This result may provide a potential clue for the treatment of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Fu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongwei Pan
- Department of Cardiovasology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Rong
- Department of Cardiovasology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofen Zheng
- Department of Cardiovasology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, People's Republic of China
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Lu Q, Zheng R, Zhu P, Bian J, Liu Z, Du J. Hinokinin alleviates high fat diet/streptozotocin-induced cardiac injury in mice through modulation in oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111361. [PMID: 33761596 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes, a global health concern has been considered as major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Hinokinin, an emerging bioactive lignin, is reported to show wide range of pharmacological activities. However, the protective role and mechanisms of Hinokinin against type 2 diabetes-mediated cardiotoxicity are still remains unknown. An experimental type 2 diabetic mice model was created by treating animals with high fat diet for four weeks and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg body weight). Post-type 2 diabetic induction, animals orally treated with Hinokinin (20 or 40 mg/kg body weight) for six weeks. The type 2 diabetic mice exhibited a rise in blood glucose level as well as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c %), decrease in weekly body weights, decrease in food intake, reduction in absolute heart weight, fall in serum insulin level with altered lipid profile and cardiac functional damage. Diabetic mice treated with Hinokinin attenuated hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and cardiac dysfunction. In addition, Hinokinin ameliorated histological alterations, fibrosis and glycated proteins in HFD/STZ-induced mice. Type 2 diabetic condition in mice exacerbated oxidative stress, inflammatory status and apoptosis. Hinokinin treatment significantly assuaged oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis and elevated antioxidant defenses in diabetic heart. The underlying mechanisms for such mitigation involved the modulation of Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathway, MAPKs (JNK, p38 and ERK 1/2) and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB mediated inflammatory pathways and mitochondrial-dependent (intrinsic) apoptosis pathway. In conclusion, the results of this study provided clear evidence that Hinokinin protects against HFD/STZ (type 2 diabetes)-induced cardiac injury by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qitong Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinhui Bian
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Junjie Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Yan X, Hou J. miR-22 Host Gene Enhances Nuclear Factor-kappa B Activation to Aggravate Hypoxia-induced Injury in AC16 Cardiomyocytes. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:963689721990323. [PMID: 33631962 PMCID: PMC7917431 DOI: 10.1177/0963689721990323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a severe life-threatening disease caused by acute and persistent ischemia and hypoxia and eventually leads to heart failure and sudden death. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play significant roles in the pathology, diagnosis, and development of various cardiovascular diseases, including MI. This study aimed to explore the effect and molecular mechanism of lncRNA miR-22 host gene (MIR22HG) on hypoxia-induced injury in AC16 cardiomyocytes. The expression of MIR22HG and miR-24 in hypoxia-treated AC16 cardiomyocytes was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and apoptosis were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, commercial enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay kits, and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The protein levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and cytoplasmic inhibitor of kappa B alpha (IκBα) and phosphorylated IκBα were detected by western blot. Results showed that hypoxia treatment decreased viability and increased MIR22HG expression in AC16 cardiomyocytes. MIR22HG overexpression aggravated hypoxia-induced viability reduction, leakage of myocardial injury markers LDH, AST, and CK-MB, and apoptosis in AC16 cardiomyocytes, while MIR22HG knockdown elicited the reverse effects. MIR22HG overexpression enhanced NF-κB activation in hypoxia-treated AC16 cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of NF-κB pathway impaired the effects of MIR22HG overexpression on hypoxia-induced injury in AC16 cardiomyocytes. Moreover, MIR22HG knockdown inhibited the NF-κB pathway by upregulating miR-24 in AC16 cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of miR-24 resisted the effects of MIR22HG silencing on hypoxia-induced injury in AC16 cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, MIR22HG overexpression aggravated hypoxia-induced injury in AC16 cardiomyocytes via enhancing NF-κB activation by targeting miR-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jinlan Hou
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, PR China
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Hu Z, Li F, Zhou X, Zhang F, Huang L, Gu B, Shen J, Qi S. Momordica charantia polysaccharides modulate the differentiation of neural stem cells via SIRT1/Β-catenin axis in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:485. [PMID: 33198798 PMCID: PMC7667795 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02000-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is the leading cause of long-term motor disability and cognitive impairment. Recently, neurogenesis has become an attractive strategy for the chronic recovery of stroke. It is important to understand the molecular mechanism that promotes neural stem cell (NSC) neurogenesis for future NSC-based therapies. Our previous study showed that Momordica charantia polysaccharides (MCPs) exerted neuroprotective effects on stroke via their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation activities. However, it remains unknown whether MCPs promote NSC neurogenesis after cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury (IRI). METHODS We investigated MCPs' function in differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vivo and in vitro experiments. Based on a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model, the effect of MCPs on neuronal differentiation after MCAO was analyzed. Primary NSCs and neural stem cell line C17.2 were cultured and subjected to glutamate stimulation to establish the cell model of IRI. We evaluated the effect of MCPs on NSC differentiation in IRI cell model by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. The SIRT1 activity of NSCs post glutamate stimulation was also evaluated by CELL SIRT1 COLORIMETRY ASSAY KIT. In addition, molecular mechanism was clarified by employing the activator and inhibitor of SIRT1. RESULTS MCPs had no effects on the differentiation of neural stem cells under physiological conditions while shifted NSC differentiation potential from the gliogenic to neurogenic lineage under pathological conditions. Activation of SIRT1 with MCPs was responsible for the neuronal differentiation of C17.2-NSCs. The neuronal differentiation effect of MCPs was attributed to upregulation SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of β-catenin. MCP-induced deacetylation via SIRT1 promoted nuclear accumulation of β-catenin in NSCs. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that the deacetylation of β-catenin by SIRT1 represents a critical mechanism of action of MCPs in promoting NSC neuronal differentiation. It provides an improved understanding of molecular mechanism underlying neuroprotective effects of MCPs in IRI, indicating its potential role on treating ischemic stroke especially chronic recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoli Hu
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fengying Li
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhou
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Linyan Huang
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bing Gu
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Suhua Qi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
- School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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Zhu Y, Bai J, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Dong Y, Xiao X. Water-soluble and alkali-soluble polysaccharides from bitter melon inhibited lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:155-165. [PMID: 33172614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bitter melon polysaccharides (BPS) have been reported to have hypolipidemic effects. However, the precise mechanism of BPS regulating lipid metabolism remains elusive. Water-soluble (WBPS) and alkali-soluble bitter melon polysaccharides (ABPS) were extracted to evaluate the fat-lowering bioactivities in HepG2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. WBPS and ABPS were slightly different in the uronic acid contents (22.23% and 5.69%), monosaccharide composition, molecular weight (Mw: 332 kDa and 1552 kDa, respectively) and IR spectra. In palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cell, the ABPS exhibited better effects on accelerating glucose consumption and decreasing the triglyceride content than WBPS via stimulating glucose consumption (GLUT4) and gluconeogenesis (PEPCK). In the model of glucose-treated C. elegans, we observed that both WBPS and ABPS obviously suppressed the fat accumulation, more significantly by ABPS, along with no toxicity towards some physical activities. Fat-5, fat-6 and fat-7 mediated fatty acid desaturases pathways were further confirmed to be involved in the lipid-lowering effects of BPSs. Our studies demonstrated that both WBPS and ABPS can exhibit effects on fat- lowering in HepG2 cells and C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Juan Bai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yurong Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yansheng Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Ying Dong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xiang Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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Momordica charantia Suppresses Inflammation and Glycolysis in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173783. [PMID: 32825228 PMCID: PMC7504525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation is a key event that triggers inflammatory response. The activation is accompanied by metabolic shift such as upregulated glucose metabolism. There are accumulating evidences showing the anti-inflammatory activity of Momordica charantia. However, the effects of M. charantia on inflammatory response and glucose metabolism in activated macrophages have not been fully established. The present study aimed to examine the effect of M. charantia in modulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and perturbed glucose metabolism in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. The results showed that LPS-induced NF-κB (p65) nuclear translocation was inhibited by M. charantia treatment. In addition, M. charantia was found to reduce the expression of inflammatory genes including IL6, TNF-α, IL1β, COX2, iNOS, and IL10 in LPS-treated macrophages. Furthermore, the data showed that M. charantia reduced the expression of GLUT1 and HK2 genes and lactate production (-28%), resulting in suppression of glycolysis. Notably, its effect on GLUT1 gene expression was found to be independent of LPS-induced inflammation. A further experiment also indicated that the bioactivities of M. charantia may be attributed to its key bioactive compound, charantin. Taken together, the study provided supporting evidences showing the potential of M. charantia for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
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Yan JK, Yu YB, Wang C, Cai WD, Wu LX, Yang Y, Zhang HN. Production, physicochemical characteristics, and in vitro biological activities of polysaccharides obtained from fresh bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) via room temperature extraction techniques. Food Chem 2020; 337:127798. [PMID: 32799166 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, polysaccharides (BPSs) were obtained from fresh bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) by room temperature extraction techniques, including three-phase partitioning (TPP) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) performed in different solvents. The results showed that the extraction methods had significant influence on the extraction yield, chemical composition, weight-average molecular weight (Mw), monosaccharide composition, preliminary structural characterization and microstructure of the BPSs. The BPS-W sample obtained from the bitter gourd residue via UAE in distilled water had a higher uronic acid content (24.22%) and possessed stronger antioxidant capacities and α-amylase and α-glycosidase inhibitory activities than BPS-C extracted with UAE in citric acid, BPS-A extracted with UAE in 1.25 mol/L NaOH/0.05% NaBH4, and BPS-J extracted from bitter gourd juice by TPP. Moreover, BPS-A, which had the lowest Mws, showed the best bile acid-binding capacity among the four BPSs. This study had great potentials for the preparation of bioactive polysaccharides from fresh vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Kun Yan
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yun-Bo Yu
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chun Wang
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wu-Dan Cai
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Li-Xia Wu
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yan Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - He-Nan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
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Li L, Li ZB, Jia M, Chu HT. Therapeutic effects of KANK2 in myocardial infarction rats might be associated with the NF-κB p65 inhibition. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 86:106687. [PMID: 32570033 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE KN motif and ankyrin repeat domains 2 (KANK2) may inhibit the activation of (NF-kappaB) p65, which plays a role in myocardial injury. Thus, our study aims to discover the effect of KANK2 on myocardial infarction (MI) induced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) through regulating NF-κB p65 in vivo. METHODS MI rats underwent LAD ligation were administered with intramyocardial injections of KANK2/Control activation plasmids. Six weeks after MI, pressure-volume (P/V) loops was used to investigate the cardiac function of rats, then the following detections were performed, including TTC staining, HE staining, immunofluorescence, Masson' s trichrome staining, ELISA assay, TUNEL staining, immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS MI rats decreased in maximum pressure (pmax), ejection fraction (EF%), peak rate of pressure rise (dpdtmax) and decline (-dpdtmax) with increased end diastolic pressure (EDP), which was partially reversed by KANK2 overexpression. Besides, KANK2 CRISPR activation plasmids reduced infarct size with less collagen fiber proliferation and neutrophil infiltration in infarct tissues, as well as suppressed pro-inflammatory factors expressions in MI rats. Moreover, injection of KANK2 activation plasmid decreased collagen deposition, aggravated cardiomyocyte apoptosis, enhanced the capillary density, and increased the expressions of VEGF and bFGF in the infarct and peri-infarct regions of MI rats. KANK2 lowered myocardial NF-κB p65 expression in MI rats. CONCLUSION KANK2 may play its therapeutic role in MI through improving cardiac function, decreasing myocardial collagen deposition, reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and increasing angiogenesis, which might be associated with the reduction of NF-κB p65 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zai-Bo Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hong-Tao Chu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, PR China.
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Li M, Chen F, Zhang Y, Xiong Y, Li Q, Huang H. Identification of Post-myocardial Infarction Blood Expression Signatures Using Multiple Feature Selection Strategies. Front Physiol 2020; 11:483. [PMID: 32581823 PMCID: PMC7287215 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a type of serious heart attack in which the blood flow to the heart is suddenly interrupted, resulting in injury to the heart muscles due to a lack of oxygen supply. Although clinical diagnosis methods can be used to identify the occurrence of MI, using the changes of molecular markers or characteristic molecules in blood to characterize the early phase and later trend of MI will help us choose a more reasonable treatment plan. Previously, comparative transcriptome studies focused on finding differentially expressed genes between MI patients and healthy people. However, signature molecules altered in different phases of MI have not been well excavated. We developed a set of computational approaches integrating multiple machine learning algorithms, including Monte Carlo feature selection (MCFS), incremental feature selection (IFS), and support vector machine (SVM), to identify gene expression characteristics on different phases of MI. 134 genes were determined to serve as features for building optimal SVM classifiers to distinguish acute MI and post-MI. Subsequently, functional enrichment analyses followed by protein-protein interaction analysis on 134 genes identified several hub genes (IL1R1, TLR2, and TLR4) associated with progression of MI, which can be used as new diagnostic molecules for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Eastern Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuli Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaling Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Eastern Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Zhang X, Zhang N, Kan J, Sun R, Tang S, Wang Z, Chen M, Liu J, Jin C. Anti-inflammatory activity of alkali-soluble polysaccharides from Arctium lappa L. and its effect on gut microbiota of mice with inflammation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:773-787. [PMID: 32199919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an alkali-soluble polysaccharide (ASALP) from Arctium lappa L. were extracted and purified. Our results indicated that ASALP was a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 1.2 × 105 Da composed of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, glucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.2: 4.4: 0.9: 0.9: 2.6. The structure characterization indicated that ASALP was mainly consisted of →5-α-L-Araf-(1 → backbone and α-Araf-(1→,→2)-α-Rhap-(1 → T-Glcp-(1→, →3)-β-D-Xylp-(1 → 4)-α-GalpA-(1 → branches. In vitro and in vivo assay showed that ASALP could effectively alleviate inflammation by improving the dysregulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Specifically, ASALP significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated macrophages and in the serum of inflammatory mice, but increased the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10. The results from 16S rRNA (V3-V4) amplicon sequencing showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Alistipes, Odoribacter and Lactobacillus in mice was significantly increased after ASALP treatment. Lower levels of Proteobacteria, Staphylococcus and Bacteroidetes were detected in LPS + ASALP treatment group. ASALP alleviated inflammation by improving the reduction of microbial diversity and affecting the composition of the gut microbiota. Our study could provide the basis for the subsequent research and application of ASALP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Nianfeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Juan Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China.
| | - Rui Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Sixue Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China
| | - Changhai Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China.
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Gao S, Hu G, Li D, Sun M, Mou D. Anti-hyperlipidemia effect of sea buckthorn fruit oil extract through the AMPK and Akt signaling pathway in hamsters. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.103837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Fan S, Zhang J, Xiao Q, Liu P, Zhang Y, Yao E, Chen X. Cardioprotective effect of the polysaccharide from Ophiopogon japonicus on isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:233-240. [PMID: 31923517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The polysaccharide (OJP1), extracted from the root of Ophiopogon japonicus, is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used to treat cardiovascular diseases. The present study was set up to investigate the cardioprotective effect of OJP1 on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemia injury in rats. Results showed that pretreatment with OJP1 (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) significantly reduced ISO-induced ST-segment elevation and the heart index, attenuated the levels of marker enzymes (AST, LDH, CK and CK-MB), along with a significantly enhanced the activities of ATPases. Moreover, pretreatment with OJP1 not only enhanced the activities of SOD, GPx and CAT in serum and myocardium, but also decreased the level of MDA. The biochemical and histopathological analysis also showed that OJP1 can alleviate the myocardial injury induced by ISO. Taken together, our results indicated that oral administration of OJP1 offered significant cardioprotective effect against the damage induced by ISO through enhancement of endogenous antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairong Fan
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Enze Yao
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- Institute of Glycobiological Engineering/School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Zhou P, Hua F, Wang X, Huang JL. Therapeutic potential of IKK-β inhibitors from natural phenolics for inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:19-37. [PMID: 31894515 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is a chronic disease with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Previous studies have suggested that preventing inflammation serves an efficient role in protection against cardiovascular diseases. Modulation of IKK-β activity can be used to treat and control CVDs associated with chronic inflammation, which targets the phosphorylation of IκB following the release of the RelA complex, and then translocates to the nucleus, eventually triggering the transcription of several genes that induce chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules. Most importantly, the IκB kinase (IKK) complex is involved in transcriptional activation by phosphorylating the inhibitory molecule IkBα, enabling activation of NF-κB. Phenolic compounds possess cardioprotective potential that may be related to modulating inflammatory responses involved in CVDs. The SystemsDock analysis was used to explore whether 38 active compounds inhibit IKK-β activity based on literature. Docking results showed that the top docking score of three chemical compounds were icariin, salvianolic acid B, and plantainoside D in all compounds. Icariin, salvianolic acid B, and plantainoside D are the most promising IKKβ inhibitors. These phytochemicals could be helpful to find the lead compounds on designing and developing novel cardioprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang Hua
- Pharmacy School, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, 230088, People's Republic of China.,Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
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Antidiabetic effect of Momordica charantia saponins in rats induced by high-fat diet combined with STZ. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Kim YJ, Wang SG, Park UK, Oh JH, Hwang SY. Antidiabetic and Antioxidative Effects of Bitter Melon on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2019.51.4.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Jeoung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soo-Gyoung Wang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Un-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Oh
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seock-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
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Saliu JA, Oyeleye SI, Olasehinde TA, Oboh G. Modulatory effects of stonebreaker (Phyllanthus amarus) and bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) on enzymes linked with cardiac function in heart tissue of doxorubicin-stressed rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 45:331-339. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1700271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamiyu A. Saliu
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
| | - Sunday Idowu Oyeleye
- Biomedical Technology Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Tosin A. Olasehinde
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
- Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Food Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
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Chu Q, Jia R, Chen M, Li Y, Yu X, Wang Y, Chen W, Ye X, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Zheng X. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum tubers polysaccharide ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages and Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:611-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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48
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Hu Y, Dong X, Zhang T, Ma H, Yang W, Wang Y, Liu P, Chen Y. Kai‑Xin‑San suppresses matrix metalloproteinases and myocardial apoptosis in rats with myocardial infarction and depression. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:508-516. [PMID: 31746394 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is often triggered by prolonged exposure to psychosocial stressors and associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in the pathogenesis of various emotional and cardiovascular disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Kai‑Xin‑San (KXS), which may terminate the signaling of MMPs, exerts antidepressant‑like and cardioprotective effects in a myocardial infarction (MI) plus depression rat model. Rats were randomly assigned to five groups: A normal control (control group), a celisc‑injection of isopropyl adrenaline group (ISO group), depression (depression group), an ISO + depression (depression + ISO group), and an ISO + depression group treated with intragastric administration of 1,785 mg/kg KXS (KXS group). Behavioral changes, echocardiography, biochemical index, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and apoptosis‑related proteins were assessed. Compared with the depression + ISO group, KXS significantly improved stress‑induced alterations of behavioral parameters and protected the heart by enlarging the left ventricular (LV) fractional shortening (FS) and LV ejection fraction (EF). Moreover, KXS significantly attenuated ISO + depression‑induced MMP‑2 and MMP‑9 expression at the mRNA and protein level and decreased TIMP in the heart compared to the complex model group. Myocardial apoptosis was significantly attenuated by KXS by regulating the Bcl‑2/Bax axis. These results indicated that MI comorbid with depression may damage the MMP balance in the central and peripheral system, and KXS may have a direct anti‑depressive and cardio‑protective effect by regulating the level of MMPs and associated myocardial apoptosis. It is promising to further explore the clinical potential of KXS for the therapy or prevention of MI plus depression comorbidity disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy Care Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Xianzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy Care Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Hongming Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy Care Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Wenshan Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy Care Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy Care Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy Care Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yibang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and System Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Perveen H, Dey A, Nilavar NM, Chandra GK, Islam SS, Chattopadhyay S. Dietary CCPS from bitter gourd attenuates sodium arsenite induced female reproductive ailments cum infertility in wistar rats: anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic role. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110545. [PMID: 31163222 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This investigation explored a dietary therapy of pectic polysaccharide (CCPS) (2 mg/ Kg BW) against female repro-toxicity and infertility triggered by sodium arsenite (As3+) (10 mg/ Kg BW) in Wistar rats. The isolated CCPS consists of D-galactose and D-methyl galacturonate with a molar ratio of 1: 4. FTIR spectral analysis of CCPS and CCPS- sodium arsenite (As3+) complex indicated a possible chelating property of CCPS in presence of binding sites (OH-/COOH) for As3+. Series of negatively charged galacturonate residues in CCPS provide better potential for cation chelation. CCPS significantly mitigated As3+ induced ovarian, uterine lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by the restoration of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. CCPS post-treatment enhanced ovarian steroidogenesis along with a restoration of normal tissue histoarchitecture in As3+ fed rats by regulating the estradiol receptor alpha (ER-α). CCPS suppressed anti-inflammatory properties effectively found since a down-regulation of NF-kappa B (NF-қB), pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were observed in arsenicated rats with CCPS. This study confirmed the up-regulation of uterine pro-apoptotic/ apoptotic proteins caspase-3, poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), phospho p53 and Bax, followed by down-regulation of Bcl-2 and protein Kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway along with uterine tissue regeneration in As3+ exposed rats. Oral CCPS attenuated the above apoptotic expressional changes significantly and dietary CCPS ensured successful fertility with the birth of healthy pups in lieu of infertile condition in As3+ fed rats. Moreover, this study also supports that CCPS treatment attenuated the As3+ toxicity by modulating the S-adenosine methionine (SAM) pool components, B12, folate and homocysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasina Perveen
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management, and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Division, (UGC Innovative Department), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Arindam Dey
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management, and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Division, (UGC Innovative Department), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Namrata M Nilavar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Chandra
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, 673 601, Kerala, India
| | - Syed Sirajul Islam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science and Management, and Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Division, (UGC Innovative Department), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India.
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Vallianou N, Stratigou T, Christodoulatos GS, Dalamaga M. Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Obesity and Obesity-Associated Metabolic Disorders: Current Evidence and Perspectives. Curr Obes Rep 2019; 8:317-332. [PMID: 31175629 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-019-00352-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this review, we summarize current evidence on the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in relation to obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Special emphasis is given on mechanisms interconnecting gut microbiome and microbial metabolites with metabolic disorders as well as on potential preventive and therapeutic perspectives with a "bench to bedside" approach. RECENT FINDINGS Recent data have highlighted the role of gut dysbiosis in the etiology and pathogenesis of metabolic disorders, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Overall, most studies have demonstrated a reduction in gut microbiome diversity and richness in obese subjects, but there is still much debate on the exact microbial signature of a healthy or an obese gut microbiome. Despite the controversial role of an altered gut microbiome as a cause or consequence of obesity in human studies, numerous animal studies and certain human studies suggest beneficial metabolic effects of certain microbial intestinal metabolites, such as butyrate, that could be used in the prevention and treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. More randomized controlled trials and larger prospective studies including well-defined cohorts as well as a multi-omics approach are warranted to better identify the associations between the gut microbiome, microbial metabolites, and obesity and its metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vallianou
- Department of Endocrinology, Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, 45-47 Ypsilantou street, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Stratigou
- Department of Endocrinology, Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, 45-47 Ypsilantou street, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, KAT Hospital, 2 Nikis, Kifisia, 14561, Athens, Greece
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias #27, 75 Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias #27, 75 Mikras Asias, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece.
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