1
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Ren L, Tan N, Ouyang J, Wang R, Tie F, Dong Q, Wang H, Hu N. Hypoglycaemic activity of the anthocyanin enriched fraction of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Fruits and its ingredient identification via UPLC-triple-TOF-MS/MS. Food Chem 2024; 461:140837. [PMID: 39151350 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Lycium ruthenicum Murr. is mainly distributed in the northwest region of China and its berries are rich in anthocyanin. This study evaluated the hypoglycaemic activity of the anthocyanin-enriched fraction (AEF) of L. ruthenicum Murr. on α-glucosidase in vivo and in vitro. Overall, 10 anthocyanins were identified via UPLC-Triple-TOF-MS/MS. The AEF exhibited strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, with an IC50 value of 4.468 mg/mL. It behaved as a reversible, mixed-type inhibitor. Molecular docking and dynamic results indicated that the compounds in AEF interacted with enzymes primarily through van der Waals and hydrogen bond and the complex system was stable. The postprandial blood glucose and area under the curve of diabetic mice was significantly decreased by AEF in the carbohydrate tolerance experiments. The results indicate that the AEF from L. ruthenicum Murr. berries could be as a promising food supplement for managing blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichengcheng Ren
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, 810008, Xining, PR China; School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Nixia Tan
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, 810008, Xining, PR China; School of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Jian Ouyang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, 810008, Xining, PR China
| | - Ruinan Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, 810008, Xining, PR China
| | - Fangfang Tie
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, 810008, Xining, PR China
| | - Qi Dong
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, 810008, Xining, PR China
| | - Honglun Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, 810008, Xining, PR China
| | - Na Hu
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, 810008, Xining, PR China.
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2
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Chai WM, Bai Q, Pan Q, Wang L, Zhu D. 6,7-Bis-(2-methoxyethoxy)-4(3H)-quinazolinone as a novel inhibitor of tyrosinase and potential anti-browning agent of fresh-cut apples. J Biosci Bioeng 2024; 137:165-172. [PMID: 38212152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
6,7-Bis-(2-methoxyethoxy)-4(3H)-quinazolinone (BMEQ) was selected from quinazolinones for its strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 160 ± 6 μM). It suppressed tyrosinase activity in a competitive way and quenched the fluorescence of the enzyme through a static mechanism. The binding of BMEQ to tyrosinase increased the hydrophobicity of the latter and facilitated non-radiative energy transfer between them. The formation of BMEQ-tyrosinase complex was driven by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions, and it loosened the basic framework structure of tyrosinase, affecting the conformation of the enzyme, and leading to a decrease in tyrosinase activity. In addition, the BMEQ postponed the oxidation of phenolics and flavonoids by inhibiting polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD), which resulted in the inhibition of the browning of fresh-cut apples. This study identified a novel tyrosinase inhibitor BMEQ and verified its potential application for improving the preservation of postharvest fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Chai
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Functional Molecules, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China; College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Qiuhan Bai
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Qiuxia Pan
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Du Zhu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Functional Molecules, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330013, China; College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
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3
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Li YJ, Liang CC, Jin L, Chen J. Inhibition mechanisms of four ellagitannins from terminalia chebula fruits on acetylcholinesterase by inhibition kinetics, spectroscopy and molecular docking analyses. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123115. [PMID: 37453379 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an important therapeutic target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the development of natural AChE inhibitors as candidates has played a significant role in drug discovery. In this study, the inhibition mechanisms of four ellagitannins, punicalagin, chebulinic acid, geraniin and corilagin, from Terminalia chebula fruits on AChE were investigated systematically by a combination of inhibition kinetics, multi-spectroscopic methods and molecular docking. The kinetic results showed that punicalagin, chebulinic acid and geraniin exhibited strong reversible inhibitory effects on AChE in an uncompetitive manner with the IC50 values of 0.43, 0.50, and 0.51 mM, respectively, while corilagin inhibited AChE activity in a mixed type with the IC50 value of 0.72 mM. The results of fluorescence and UV-vis spectra and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) revealed that four ellagitannins could significantly quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of AChE though a static quenching along with non-radiative energy transfer. Thermodynamic analyses showed that values of ΔG, ΔH and ΔS were negative, indicating that all binding processes were spontaneous, and the hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals forces might make a great contribution to the formation of inhibitor-AChE complexes. The synchronous fluorescence, three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence, UV-vis, and FT-IR spectra studies suggested that four ellagitannins could lead to alterations in the micro-environment and secondary structure of AChE, and thus the conformational change of AChE. Moreover, molecular docking demonstrated that four ellagitannins could interacted with main amino acid residues of AChE with affinity energies ranging from -9.9 to -8.7 kJ/mol, and further confirmed the above experimental results. This study provided valuable findings for the potential application of four ellagitannins as promising candidates in the exploration of natural AChE inhibitors for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cai-Cai Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ling Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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4
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Cui J, Fan Y, Lian D, Wang S, Wang M, Du Y, Li Y, Li L. Interaction of narcissoside with α-amylase from Bacillus subtilis and Porcine pancreatic by multi-spectral analysis and molecular dynamics simulation. LUMINESCENCE 2023. [PMID: 38038156 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, interaction mechanism of narcissoside with two α-amylase from Bacillus subtilis (BSA) and Porcine pancreatic (PPA) are comparatively studied by multi-spectral analysis, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. The results prove that narcissoside can statically quench fluorescence of BSA/PPA. Two complexes are mainly formed by hydrogen bond and van der Waals force. With the increase of temperature, the two complexes formed by narcissoside and two enzymes become unstable. At the same experimental temperature, the binding force of narcissoside to PPA is higher than that of BSA. The binding of narcissoside to PPA/BSA increases the hydrophobicity of microenvironment. Moreover, the secondary structure of PPA/BSA is mainly changed by decreasing the α-helix. The optimal binding modes of narcissoside with BSA/PPA are predicted by molecular docking, and the stability of the two complexes is evaluated by molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cui
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yangyang Fan
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Di Lian
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Suqing Wang
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Meizi Wang
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yutong Du
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Li
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Li
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
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Yang J, Li Y, He Y, He H, Chen X, Liu T, Zhu B. Wild vs. Cultivated Zingiber striolatum Diels: Nutritional and Biological Activity Differences. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112180. [PMID: 37299159 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Compositional, functional, and nutritional properties are important for the use-value assessments of wild and cultivated edible plants. The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, volatile compounds, and potential biological activities of cultivated and wild Zingiber striolatum. Various substances, such as soluble sugars, mineral elements, vitamins, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and volatiles, were measured and analyzed using UV spectrophotometry, ICP-OES, HPLC, and GC-MS methods. The antioxidant capacity of a methanol extract of Z. striolatum, as well as the hypoglycemic abilities of its ethanol and water extracts, were tested. The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, and total saponin in the cultivated samples were higher, while the wild samples contained higher amounts of K, Na, Se, vitamin C, and total amino acids. The cultivated Z. striolatum also showed a higher antioxidant potential, while the wild Z. striolatum exhibited a better hypoglycemic activity. Thirty-three volatile compounds were identified using GC-MS in two plants, with esters and hydrocarbons being the main volatile compounds. This study demonstrated that both cultivated and wild Z. striolatum have a good nutritional value and biological activity, and can be used as a source of nutritional supplementation or even in medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yaochen Li
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yuxin He
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Hongying He
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiaoqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Tingfu Liu
- Lishui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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6
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Dong Q, Hu N, Yue H, Wang H, Wei Y. Rapid screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors in Hypericum perforatum L. using bio-affinity chromatography coupled with UPLC/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5536. [PMID: 36264709 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, but their side effects have made it to develop novel and alternative AGIs immediately. In this study, the extract of Hypericum perforatum L. (HPE) has been confirmed to have α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro and in vivo. Seven active compounds, rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, avicularin, quercitrin, quercetin, and biapigenin, were screened based on a bio-affinity chromatography column with α-glucosidase enzyme-conjugated solid phase and UPLC/MS, which exhibited excellent α-glycosidase inhibitory effects by the determined IC50 values. The mechanism of α-glycosidase inhibitory activity of biapigenin was studied for the first time. The results showed that biapigenin was a high-potential, reversible, and mixed enzyme inhibitor. Analysis by molecular docking further revealed that hydrophobic interactions were generated by interactions between biapigenin and amino acid residues LYS156, PHE303, PHE314, and LEU313. In addition, hydrogen bonding occurred between biapigenin and α-glucosidase amino acid residues ASP307, SER241, and LYS156. This research identified that biapigenin could be a novel AGI and further applied to the development of potential anti-diabetic drugs. Furthermore, our studies established a rapid in vitro screening method for AGIs from plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Dong
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai, China
| | - Na Hu
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai, China
| | - Huilan Yue
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai, China
| | - Honglun Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai, China
| | - Yue Wei
- Henan Natural Product Biotechnology, Co., LTD., Henan, China
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7
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Synthesis, in vitro evaluation and molecular docking studies of hybrid 4-quinolinyl bearing 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-amine as a new inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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8
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Shi R, Zhou N, Zhang H, Gong M, Han L. Bioaffinity ultrafiltration coupled with HPLC-ESI-MS/MS for screening potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from pomegranate peel. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1014862. [PMID: 36330141 PMCID: PMC9623087 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1014862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate peel (PoP) contains plenty of bioactive compounds and exhibits strong activity to prevent postprandial hyperglycaemia and improve diabetes mellitus. Presently, bioaffinity ultrafiltration coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) is employed to screen and identify the efficient α-glucosidase inhibitors in PoP and the detailed inhibitory mechanisms are further investigated. The results show that many substances, including ellagic acid, kaempferol, gallic acid, and resveratrol in PoP reveal strong activity to inhibit α-glucosidase and ellagic acid (EA) is screened as the most effective compound. Further research indicates that EA plays a competitive and reversible inhibition role against α-glucosidase with the value of Ki was 6.24 × 105 mol/L. EA also directly interacts with the amino acids of α-glucosidase mainly via van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds, thereby, influencing the secondary structure and stability of α-glucosidase. Finally, the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of EA is further confirmed to significantly reduce postprandial blood glucose in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujie Shi
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nong Zhou
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Zhang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Gong
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Han
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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9
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Inhibitory interaction of narcissoside on α-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae by spectral analysis and molecular docking. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Wen Y, Zhou X, Huo D, Chen J, Weng L, Li B, Wu Z, Zhang X, Li L. Optimization for the extraction of polysaccharides from Huidouba and their in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition mechanism. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Zhang M, Zhang Z, Guo L, Zhao W. The effect of subcritical water treatment on the physicochemical properties and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity of
Sargassum fusiforme
polysaccharides. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
| | - Zhenna Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
| | - Lichun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment & Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
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12
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Li H, Zhai B, Sun J, Fan Y, Zou J, Cheng J, Zhang X, Shi Y, Guo D. Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Total Saponins from Aralia taibaiensis: Process Optimization, Phytochemical Characterization, and Mechanism of α-Glucosidase Inhibition. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:83-105. [PMID: 35027819 PMCID: PMC8749049 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s345592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Aralia taibaiensis, a medicinal food plant, and total saponins from its root bark extract inhibit α-glucosidase activity, which is associated with type 2 diabetes; however, the inhibitory mechanism is unknown. Furthermore, a green extraction technique superior to conventional hot reflux extraction (HRE) is needed for the rapid and easy extraction of A. taibaiensis total saponins (TSAT) to exploit and utilize this resource. Our aim was to develop a green extraction method for obtaining TSAT and to investigate the mechanism by which TSAT inhibits α-glucosidase. Materials and Methods In this study, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) process was optimized using a Box–Behnken design, and the extraction mechanism was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for qualitative and quantitative analyses of TSAT. In vitro glycosylation assays, enzyme kinetics, fluorescence spectroscopy measurements, atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and molecular docking techniques were used to investigate the mechanism by which the A. taibaiensis active ingredients inhibit α-glucosidase. Results The optimal parameters for the extraction yield were obtained as an ethanol concentration of 73%, ultrasound time of 34 min, ultrasound temperature of 61 °C and solid–liquid ratio of 16 g/mL, which were better than HRE. The SEM analysis showed that UAE effectively disrupted plant cells, thus increasing the TSAT yield. In vitro α-glucosidase inhibition experiments showed that both TSAT and its active ingredient, araloside A, inhibited α-glucosidase activity by binding to α-glucosidase, thereby changing the conformation and microenvironment of α-glucosidase to subsequently inhibit enzyme activity. Conclusion The optimal extraction conditions identified here established a basis for future scale-up of ultrasound extraction parameters with the potential for obtaining maximum yields. In vitro enzyme inhibition experiments investigated the mechanism of the TSAT interaction with α-glucosidase and further explored whether araloside A may be the main contributor to the good inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by TSAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingtao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Fan
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Junbo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangxue Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Basic and New Drug Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, People's Republic of China
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13
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Wang MM, Li YN, Ming WK, Wu PF, Yi P, Gong ZP, Hao XJ, Yuan CM. Bioassay-guided isolation of human carboxylesterase 2 inhibitory and antioxidant constituents from Laportea bulbifera: Inhibition interactions and molecular mechanism. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Xie L, Zhang T, Karrar E, Zheng L, Xie D, Jin J, Chang M, Wang X, Jin Q. Insights into an α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Profile of 4,4-Dimethylsterols by Multispectral Techniques and Molecular Docking. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:15252-15260. [PMID: 34898206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity is closely related to the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, the potential mechanism by which 4,4-dimethylsterols inhibit α-glucosidase has not been elucidated. In this work, the inhibitory activity and mechanism of 4,4-dimethylsterols against α-glucosidase were studied through kinetic analysis, fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and molecular docking. 4,4-Dimethylsterols showed higher inhibition activity against α-glucosidase than acarbose with an IC50 value of 0.71 mg/mL and a noncompetitive inhibition type. They could bind to α-glucosidase through van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds and quench its endofluorescence with a static quenching mechanism. Changes in the secondary structure of α-glucosidase were induced by its binding interaction with 4,4-dimethylsterols. Molecular docking further indicated that a hydrogen bond was generated between OH at the C-3 position of 4,4-dimethylsterols and the α-glucosidase residue Arg-442. This study provides new insights into the potential utilization of 4,4-dimethylsterols as antidiabetic phytochemicals in dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Emad Karrar
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liyou Zheng
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Dan Xie
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Microbiology Molecular Breeding, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ming Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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15
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Bushra, Shamim S, Khan KM, Ullah N, Mahdavi M, Faramarzi MA, Larijani B, Salar U, Rafique R, Taha M, Perveen S. Synthesis, in vitro, and in silico evaluation of Indazole Schiff bases as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Dong Q, Hu N, Yue H, Wang H, Ku J. Identification of α-glucosidase inhibitors from the bran of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. by surface plasmon resonance coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1181:122919. [PMID: 34500401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Extracts from the bran of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. (QBE) were reported to be active in inhibiting α-glycosidase, a promising target for treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, the constituents responsible for the α-glucosidase-inhibiting activity of QBE have not been fully characterized. The present study aimed to set up a method for rapid identification of glycosidase inhibiting compounds from the quinoa bran. With surface plasmon resonance (SPR) coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), we identified eight flavonoids and ten triterpenoid saponins that may bind to the α-glycosidase. Analysis of the interaction kinetics by molecular docking supported their α-glucosidase-inhibiting activity and revealed the potential mechanisms for the inhibitory effects. In summary, this study established a SPR and LC-MS-based method for rapid in vitro screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors and suggested the quinoa bran a potential natural source of α-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Dong
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Hu
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Huilan Yue
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Honglun Wang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai 810008, China.
| | - Jinliang Ku
- Beijing Tongrentang Health Pharmaceutical (Qinghai) Co. Ltd, Qinghai 817000, China
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17
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Inhibitory Activity and Mechanism Investigation of Hypericin as a Novel α-Glucosidase Inhibitor. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154566. [PMID: 34361714 PMCID: PMC8348433 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
α-glucosidase is a major enzyme that is involved in starch digestion and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, the inhibition of hypericin by α-glucosidase and its mechanism were firstly investigated using enzyme kinetics analysis, real-time interaction analysis between hypericin and α-glucosidase by surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and molecular docking simulation. The results showed that hypericin was a high potential reversible and competitive α-glucosidase inhibitor, with a maximum half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 4.66 ± 0.27 mg/L. The binding affinities of hypericin with α-glucosidase were assessed using an SPR detection system, which indicated that these were strong and fast, with balances dissociation constant (KD) values of 6.56 × 10−5 M and exhibited a slow dissociation reaction. Analysis by molecular docking further revealed that hydrophobic forces are generated by interactions between hypericin and amino acid residues Arg-315 and Tyr-316. In addition, hydrogen bonding occurred between hypericin and α-glucosidase amino acid residues Lys-156, Ser-157, Gly-160, Ser-240, His-280, Asp-242, and Asp-307. The structure and micro-environment of α-glucosidase enzymes were altered, which led to a decrease in α-glucosidase activity. This research identified that hypericin, an anthracene ketone compound, could be a novel α-glucosidase inhibitor and further applied to the development of potential anti-diabetic drugs.
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18
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Won G, Choi SI, Park N, Kim JE, Kang CH, Kim GH. In Vitro Antidiabetic, Antioxidant Activity, and Probiotic Activities of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strains. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:3181-3191. [PMID: 34213618 PMCID: PMC8289794 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02588-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from humans and food products and investigate the probiotic properties of the selected four strains. The hypoglycemic activity of the isolated strains was examined by evaluating the α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities. The antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Four strains (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MG4229, MG4296, MG5025, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MG5012) exhibited potent α-glucosidase inhibitory (>75%) and α-amylase inhibitory (>85%) activities, which were comparable to those of acarbose (>50%; 1000 μg/mL). Similarly, the radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of the four strains were comparable to those of ascorbic acid (50 μg/mL). Additionally, the probiotic properties of the four selected strains were examined based on acid and bile salt tolerance, auto-aggregation ability, and antibiotic resistance. The four strains were resistant to pH 2 (>50% of survivability) and 0.5% bile salt (>80% of survivability). Therefore, we suggest that the selected strains with hypoglycemic, antioxidant, probiotic properties can potentially prevent diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- GaYeong Won
- Department of Health Functional New Materials, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, Korea
| | - Soo-Im Choi
- Department of Health Functional New Materials, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, Korea
| | - NaYeong Park
- Department of Health Functional New Materials, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- MEDIOGEN, Co., Ltd., Jecheon, 27159, Korea
| | | | - Gun-Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, Korea.
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19
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Zhang M, Yang R, Yu S, Zhao W. A novel α‐glucosidase inhibitor polysaccharide from
Sargassum fusiforme. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Ruijin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Shuhuai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Avenue Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
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20
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Ji Y, Liu D, jin Y, Zhao J, Zhao J, Li H, Li L, Zhang H, Wang H. In vitro and in vivo inhibitory effect of anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract on α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Song CC, Qiao BW, Zhang Q, Wang CX, Fu YH, Zhu BW. Study on the domain selective inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) by food-derived tyrosine-containing dipeptides. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13779. [PMID: 34060658 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this article, the selective inhibition of several tyrosine-containing dipeptides on N and C domain of ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) was studied, and the interaction mode of ACE and inhibitors was simulated by molecular docking. MTT assay was used to detect the effect of dipeptide on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The results showed that the food-derived dipeptides AY (Ala-Tyr), LY (Leu-Tyr), and IY (Ile-Tyr) containing tyrosine at the C-terminal were favorable structures for selective inhibition of ACE C-domain. These dipeptides showed competitive and mixed inhibition patterns, while the dipeptides EY (Glu-Tyr), RY (Arg-Tyr), FY (Phe-Tyr), and SY (Ser-Tyr) showed noncompetitive inhibition. Food-derived dipeptides containing tyrosine have no cytotoxicity on HUVEC cells, which provides a basis for the application of food-derived tyrosine dipeptides as antihypertensive peptides. This study provides a theoretical basis for exploring the selective inhibition mechanism of ACE inhibitory peptides containing tyrosine residue. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a two-domain dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase, which is a key enzyme to regulate blood pressure. ACE has two active sites, C- and N-domain, which have high catalytic activity. Although the amino acid sequences of the two active sites have 60% similarity, there are some differences in structure and function. The action mechanism of ACE domain should be clarified, and the structure-activity relationship between inhibitors and ACE domain has not been systematically studied. The aim of this study was to identify the selective inhibitory effect of food-derived tyrosine dipeptides on the domain of ACE. This provides a new idea for finding new antihypertensive drugs with less side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Bian-Wen Qiao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Xin Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Huan Fu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P.R. China.,School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Bei-Wei Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P.R. China
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22
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Yang Y, Zhang JL, Shen LH, Feng LJ, Zhou Q. Inhibition mechanism of diacylated anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Food Chem 2021; 359:129934. [PMID: 33940476 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate inhibitory activity of anthocyanins from purple sweet potato and blueberries against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, as well as investigate the inhibition mechanism of diacylated anthocyanins (Diacylated AF-PSP). Diacylated AF-PSP better inhibited α-amylase (IC50 = 0.078 mg mL-1) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 1.56 mg mL-1) than other anthocyanin fractions, which was a mixed-type inhibitor. Fluorescence analysis indicated that Diacylated AF-PSP bound to the enzymes mainly through hydrogen bonds and influenced the microenvironments of proteins. Additionally, surface hydrophobicity and circular dichroism spectra results confirmed conformational changes in the enzymes induced by Diacylated AF-PSP. Molecular docking further demonstrated the interaction of Diacylated AF-PSP with enzyme active site, which might be stabilized by its acyl groups. Finally, 160 mg kg-1 Diacylated AF-PSP significantly decreased (p < 0.01) blood glucose level peak by 20.52% after starch administration in SD rats. This study provided theoretical evidences for utilization of diacylated anthocyanins in hyperglycemia-management functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiu-Liang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Lu-Hong Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lan-Jie Feng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan City Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China.
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23
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Zhang R, Zhang Y, Huang G, Xin X, Tang L, Li H, Lee KS, Jin BR, Gui Z. Chemical synthesis, inhibitory activity and molecular mechanism of 1-deoxynojirimycin–chrysin as a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38703-38711. [PMID: 35493254 PMCID: PMC9044198 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07753h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia can be efficaciously regulated by inhibiting α-glucosidase activity and this is regarded as an effective strategy to treat type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyue Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaiqun Huang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Xin
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liumei Tang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwang Sik Lee
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Rae Jin
- College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhongzheng Gui
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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24
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Chai WM, Yu ZY, Lin MZ, Wei QM, Song S. 5-Methoxy-2-mercaptobenzimidazole as an efficient inhibitor on tyrosinase: Inhibitory activity and mechanism. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 131:356-363. [PMID: 33388257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 5-methoxy-2-mercaptobenzimidazole (5-M-2-MB) was confirmed as an efficient tyrosinase inhibitor by methods of enzyme kinetic, fluorescence quenching, ANS-binding, thermodynamics, energy transfer, and molecular docking in combination. The results proved that 5-M-2-MB significantly inhibited the tyrosinase (IC50 = 60 ± 2 nM) in a reversible and competitive way with the Ki value of 80 ± 1 nM. It quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of tyrosinase through a static mechanism, and caused conformational change of the enzyme by increasing the hydrophobic region. Moreover, this compound could bind to tyrosinase and form 5-M-2-MB-tyrosinase complex by hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction. The interactions were generated between 5-M-2-MB and specific amino acid residues (Trp-358, Thr-308, Glu-356, and Asp-357) located on the A chain of tyrosinase. Therefore, this study would offer a theoretical foundation for developing the new tyrosinase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Chai
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
| | - Zi-Yi Yu
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Mei-Zhen Lin
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Qi-Ming Wei
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
| | - Shuang Song
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
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25
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Exploring the binding interactions of structurally diverse dichalcogenoimidodiphosphinate ligands with α-amylase: Spectroscopic approach coupled with molecular docking. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 24:100837. [PMID: 33251341 PMCID: PMC7677685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Postprandial hyperglycemia has orchestrated untimely death among diabetic patients over the decades and regulation of α-amylase activity is now becoming a promising management option for type 2 diabetes. The present study investigated the binding interactions of three structurally diverse dichalcogenoimidodiphosphinate ligands with α-amylase to ascertain the affinity of the ligands for α-amylase using spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. The ligands were characterized using 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy and CHN analysis. Diselenoimidodiphosphinate ligand (DY300), dithioimidodiphosphinate ligand (DY301), and thioselenoimidodiphosphinate ligand (DY302) quenched the intrinsic fluorescence intensity of α-amylase via a static quenching mechanism with bimolecular quenching constant (Kq) values in the order of x1011 M-1s-1, indicating formation of enzyme-ligand complexes. A binding stoichiometry of n≈1 was observed for α-amylase, with high binding constants (Ka). α-Amylase inhibition was as follow: Acarbose > DY301>DY300>DY302. Values of thermodynamic parameters obtained at temperatures investigated (298, 304 and 310 K) revealed spontaneous complex formation (ΔG<0) between the ligands and α-amylase; the main driving forces were hydrophobic interactions (with DY300, DY301, except DY302). UV–visible spectroscopy and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) affirmed change in enzyme conformation and binding occurrence. Molecular docking revealed ligands interaction with α-amylase via some key catalytic site amino acid residues (Asp197, Glu233 and Asp300). DY301 perhaps showed highest α-amylase inhibition (IC50, 268.11 ± 0.74 μM) due to its moderately high affinity and composition of two sulphide bonds unlike the others. This study might provide theoretical basis for development of novel α-amylase inhibitors from dichalcogenoimidodiphosphinate ligands for management of postprandial hyperglycemia. Interaction of α-amylase with dichalcogenoimidodiphosphinate ligands was studied. Spectroscopy and molecular docking explored the interaction mechanisms. The main driving forces were hydrophobic interactions with DY300 and DY301. The ligands quenched α-amylase fluorescence intensity by static mechanism. Dichalcogenoimidodiphosphinate ligands inhibited α-amylase activity.
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26
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Song S, Liu Q, Chai WM, Xia SS, Yu ZY, Wei QM. Inhibitory potential of 4-hexylresorcinol against α-glucosidase and non-enzymatic glycation: Activity and mechanism. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 131:241-249. [PMID: 33191127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase as well as non-enzymatic glycation is thought as an effective method for treating type-2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory potential and mechanism of 4-hexylresorcinol against α-glucosidase and non-enzymatic glycation by using multispectroscopic analyses and molecular docking. The results of enzyme kinetics showed that 4-hexylresorcinol reversibly inhibited α-glucosidase activity in a noncompetitive way. Fluorescence quenching then revealed that it increased the hydrophobicity of α-glucosidase and changed the conformation of the enzyme by forming the α-glucosidase-hexylresorcinol complex. Thermodynamic analysis and molecular docking further demonstrated that the inhibition of 4-hexylresorcinol on the α-glucosidase was mainly dependent on hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction. Moreover, the 4-hexylresorcinol moderately inhibited the formation of fructosamine, and strongly suppressed the generation of α-dicarbonyl compounds and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The interaction between 4-hexylresorcinol and bovine serum albumin was mainly driven by hydrophobic interaction. This study showed a novel inhibitor of α-glucosidase as well as non-enzymatic glycation, and provided a drug candidate for the prevention and treatment of type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Song
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ming Chai
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Si-Shi Xia
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yi Yu
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Ming Wei
- College of Life Science and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, People's Republic of China
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27
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Inhibitory effects of Lentinus edodes mycelia polysaccharide on α-glucosidase, glycation activity and high glucose-induced cell damage. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 246:116659. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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28
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Avwioroko OJ, Anigboro AA, Atanu FO, Otuechere CA, Alfred MO, Abugo JN, Omorogie MO. Investigation of the binding interaction of α-amylase with Chrysophyllum albidum seed extract and its silver nanoparticles: A multi-spectroscopic approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2020.100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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29
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Lyu S, Wang W. Spectroscopic methodologies and computational simulation studies on the characterization of the interaction between human serum albumin and astragalin. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:2959-2970. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1758213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- ShaoLi Lyu
- Department of Ecology and Resource Engineering, Hetao College, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia, PR of China
| | - Wang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR of China
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30
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Zhang X, Li G, Wu D, Yu Y, Hu N, Wang H, Li X, Wu Y. Emerging strategies for the activity assay and inhibitor screening of alpha-glucosidase. Food Funct 2020; 11:66-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01590f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The high incidence of diabetes mellitus has caused widespread concern around the world, and has quickly become one of the most prevalent and costly chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province
| | - Di Wu
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University
- China
| | - Yanxin Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Na Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research & Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xining 810001
- China
| | - Honglun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research & Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xining 810001
- China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- Beijing Technology and Business University
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Yongning Wu
- Key Laboratories of Chemical Safety and Health
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment
- Beijing 100050
- China
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31
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Huang Q, Chai WM, Ma ZY, Ou-Yang C, Wei QM, Song S, Zou ZR, Peng YY. Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity and non-enzymatic glycation by tannic acid: Inhibitory activity and molecular mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:358-368. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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32
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Dong X, Wang S, Xu L, Lin J, Xu X. Inhibitory mechanism of Penicillin V on mushroom tyrosinase. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:967-975. [PMID: 31749120 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Penicillin V is a bacteriolytic β-lactam antibiotic drug. In the present work, we investigated the inhibitory effect of Penicillin V on the activity of mushroom tyrosinase for the first time. The molecular mechanism for the inhibition of tyrosinase by Penicillin V was investigated by means of kinetics analysis, fluorescence quenching and molecular docking techniques. The results showed that Penicillin V could inhibit both monophenolase and diphenolase activities with IC50 of 16.6 ± 0.5 and 11.0 ± 0.2 mmol/L, respectively. The inhibitory type of Penicillin V on mushroom was mixed type, and the values of KI and KIS were 13.46 and 17.26 mmol/L, respectively. The fluorescence quenching and molecular docking showed that Penicillin V could form static interaction near the catalytic pocket of the enzyme to hinder the transportation of substrate to the active site, as well as reduce the copper plasticity for catalysis. Our results contributed to the usage of Penicillin V as a novel tyrosinase inhibitor with dual effect in field of antimicrobial and food preservation and could also provide guidance for the design of novel tyrosinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dong
- Tuolong Biotechnological Developmental Ltd Co., Guangzhou, 510800, China
| | - Shaoyu Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Lian Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Juan Lin
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.
| | - Xinqi Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.
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33
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Chai W, Ou-Yang C, Ma Z, Song S, Huang Q, Wei Q, Peng Y. Anti-α-glucosidase and antityrosinase activity of condensed tannins from the bark of Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels with antiproliferative and apoptotic properties in B16 mouse melanoma cells. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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34
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Qiu P, Liu Z, Chen Y, Cai R, Chen G, She Z. Secondary Metabolites with α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from the Mangrove Fungus Mycosphaerella sp. SYSU-DZG01. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17080483. [PMID: 31434338 PMCID: PMC6723402 DOI: 10.3390/md17080483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new metabolites, asperchalasine I (1), dibefurin B (2) and two epicoccine derivatives (3 and 4), together with seven known compounds (5-11) were isolated from a mangrove fungus Mycosphaerella sp. SYSU-DZG01. The structures of compounds 1-4 were established from extensive spectroscopic data and HRESIMS analysis. The absolute configuration of 1 was deduced by comparison of ECD data with that of a known structure. The stereostructures of 2-4 were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 1, 8 and 9 exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 17.1, 26.7 and 15.7 μM, respectively. Compounds 1, 4, 6 and 8 showed antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH· with EC50 values ranging from 16.3 to 85.8 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Qiu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Runlin Cai
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Guangying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
| | - Zhigang She
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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35
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Hu JJ, Wang L, Chen BN, Chi GX, Zhao MJ, Li Y. Transition Metal Substituted Polyoxometalates as α-Glucosidase Inhibitors. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Hu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering; Jimei University; 361021 Xiamen P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering; Jimei University; 361021 Xiamen P.R. China
| | | | - Guo-Xiang Chi
- College of Food and Biological Engineering; Jimei University; 361021 Xiamen P.R. China
| | - Mei-Juan Zhao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering; Jimei University; 361021 Xiamen P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering; Jimei University; 361021 Xiamen P.R. China
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36
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Chen YM, Li C, Zhang WJ, Shi Y, Wen ZJ, Chen QX, Wang Q. Kinetic and computational molecular docking simulation study of novel kojic acid derivatives as anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:990-998. [PMID: 31072148 PMCID: PMC6522964 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1609467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel kojic acid derivatives KAD1 and KAD2 have been demonstrated that they exhibited potent anti-melanogenesis activity in our previous report. In this study, we further study the inhibitory mechanism on mushroom tyrosinase. The inhibitory types of both KADs on diphenolase were classified as mixed type based on the results of the kinetic model. The interaction between KADs and tyrosinase was illustrated by fluorescence quenching, molecular docking and copper chelate activity. The KADs were also evaluated with respect to their antioxidant activities by DPPH and ABTS+ assays. The results showed that KADs have more potent antioxidant activities than kojic acid. Our study could provide new ideas for the development of new anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Mei Chen
- a School of Life Sciences , Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - Chen Li
- a School of Life Sciences , Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- a School of Life Sciences , Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - Yan Shi
- a School of Life Sciences , Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - Zi-Jie Wen
- a School of Life Sciences , Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - Qing-Xi Chen
- a School of Life Sciences , Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - Qin Wang
- a School of Life Sciences , Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
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