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Wen W, Lei P, Dang W, Ma L, Hu J, Liu J. Association Between Family History in Patients with Primary Gout and Left Ventricular Diastolic Function: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:1311-1322. [PMID: 38586576 PMCID: PMC10999183 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s450951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to employ echocardiography for measuring the markers of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function to investigate the effects of family history of gout on the LV diastolic function in patients with primary gout. Methods Two hundred and eighty-four patients with primary gout who visited the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from September 2020 to July 2022 were selected and their family history of gout, general information, and laboratory markers were recorded. Parameters of LV diastolic function were measured via echocardiography. The correlation between family history and LV diastolic function markers was analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Results LV diastolic function parameters, peak early mitral diastolic velocity (E)/peak late mitral diastolic velocity (A), and early septal mitral annulus diastolic motion velocity (Sepe'), early lateral mitral annulus diastolic motion velocity (Late') and their mean (e'), were significantly lower in patients with familial primary gout, while left atrial volume index (LAVI) and E/e' were markedly elevated in patients with sporadic primary gout. In patients with family history, the proportion of grade ≥2 LV diastolic insufficiency was distinctly higher than that in patients without family history (41.6% vs 12.3%). Even after adjusting for confounding variables, LAVI, E/A, Sepe', Late', e', E/e' were obviously associated with family history of gout. The area under ROC of family history combined with SUA level for identifying grade ≥2 LV diastolic insufficiency in patients with primary gout was 0.872 (P<0.05). Conclusion Family history of gout was closely related to echocardiographic LV diastolic function parameters in patients with gout, what is more, family history of gout combined with SUA level was found to be a valuable indicator for discriminating grade ≥2 LV diastolic insufficiency in patients with primary gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Lei
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wantai Dang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liwen Ma
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Chiarini A, Armato U, Gui L, Dal Prà I. "Other Than NLRP3" Inflammasomes: Multiple Roles in Brain Disease. Neuroscientist 2024; 30:23-48. [PMID: 35815856 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221106114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Human neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, whose prevalence keeps rising, are still unsolved pathobiological/therapeutical problems. Among others, recent etiology hypotheses stressed as their main driver a chronic neuroinflammation, which is mediated by innate immunity-related protein oligomers: the inflammasomes. A panoply of exogenous and/or endogenous harmful agents activates inflammasomes' assembly, signaling, and IL-1β/IL-18 production and neural cells' pyroptotic death. The underlying concept is that inflammasomes' chronic activation advances neurodegeneration while their short-lasting operation restores tissue homeostasis. Hence, from a therapeutic standpoint, it is crucial to understand inflammasomes' regulatory mechanisms. About this, a deluge of recent studies focused on the NLRP3 inflammasome with suggestions that its pharmacologic block would hinder neurodegeneration. Yet hitherto no evidence proves this view. Moreover, known inflammasomes are numerous, and the mechanisms regulating their expression and function may vary with the involved animal species and strains, as well as organs and cells, and the harmful factors triggered as a result. Therefore, while presently leaving out some little-studied inflammasomes, this review focuses on the "other than NLRP3" inflammasomes that participate in neuroinflammation's complex mechanisms: NLRP1, NLRP2, NLRC4, and AIM2. Although human-specific data about them are relatively scant, we stress that only a holistic view including several human brain inflammasomes and other potential pathogenetic drivers will lead to successful therapies for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chiarini
- Human Histology and Embryology Section, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Armato
- Human Histology and Embryology Section, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Li Gui
- Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ilaria Dal Prà
- Human Histology and Embryology Section, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Dai Y, Zhou J, Shi C. Inflammasome: structure, biological functions, and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e391. [PMID: 37817895 PMCID: PMC10560975 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a group of protein complex located in cytoplasm and assemble in response to a wide variety of pathogen-associated molecule patterns, damage-associated molecule patterns, and cellular stress. Generally, the activation of inflammasomes will lead to maturation of proinflammatory cytokines and pyroptotic cell death, both associated with inflammatory cascade amplification. A sensor protein, an adaptor, and a procaspase protein interact through their functional domains and compose one subunit of inflammasome complex. Under physiological conditions, inflammasome functions against pathogen infection and endogenous dangers including mtROS, mtDNA, and so on, while dysregulation of its activation can lead to unwanted results. In recent years, advances have been made to clarify the mechanisms of inflammasome activation, the structural details of them and their functions (negative/positive) in multiple disease models in both animal models and human. The wide range of the stimuli makes the function of inflammasome diverse and complex. Here, we review the structure, biological functions, and therapeutic targets of inflammasomes, while highlight NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2 inflammasomes, which are the most well studied. In conclusion, this review focuses on the activation process, biological functions, and structure of the most well-studied inflammasomes, summarizing and predicting approaches for disease treatment and prevention with inflammasome as a target. We aim to provide fresh insight into new solutions to the challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Dai
- Institute of Rocket Force MedicineState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical PoisoningArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jing Zhou
- Institute of Rocket Force MedicineState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical PoisoningArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Institute of ImmunologyArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force MedicineState Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical PoisoningArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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4
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Meng Y, Ma L, Zong T, Wang Z. Changes in the structure and function of the left ventricle in patients with gout: A study based on three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2023; 51:1119-1128. [PMID: 37313863 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies have shown that gout can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3D-STE), a sensitive imaging technology, enables the detection of subtle myocardial dysfunctions. Our aim is to evaluate the left ventricular (LV) functions in patients with gout using 3D-STE. METHODS 80 subjects: 40 with gout and 40 as normal controls were involved. We obtained and analyzed these parameters from the dynamic images of a 3D full-volume dataset: global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), global radial strain (GRS), Twist, 16-segmental time-to-peak longitudinal strain (TTP) and systolic dyssynchrony index (SDI)besides other relevant parameters. RESULTS Compared with the normal group, gout patients were more likely to have left ventricular remodeling. The patients with gout showed decreased Em, increased E/Em and larger volume index of the left atrium (LAVI) indicating reduced diastolic function. The peak GLS (-17.42 ± 2.02 vs. -22.40 ± 2.57, P < 0.001), GCS (-27.04 ± 3.75 vs. -34.85 ± 4.99, P < 0.001), GRS (38.22 ± 4.28 vs. 46.15 ± 5.17, P < 0.001), and Twist (15.18 ± 5.45 vs. 19.02 ± 5.29, P = 0.015) were significantly lower in patients with gout than in healthy participants. The SDI (5.57 ± 1.46 vs. 4.91 ± 1.19, P = 0.016) was significantly increased in patients with gout compared with normal controls. There was no significant between-group difference in TTP (P = 0.43). The systolic GLS, GRS and GCS peak values increased gradually from the base to the apex, with the lowest values in the basal segment in patients with gout. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis revealed among these strains GLS has the largest area under the curve (AUC: 0.93, P < 0.001), the cutoff value of -18.97% with a sensitivity and specificity of 80.0% and 92.0%, respectively, for differentiating two groups. A multivariate linear regression analysis shows that the relationship between gout and strain parameters including GLS, GRS, and GCS is statistically significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Although patients with gout having a normal ejection fraction, structural remodeling of the left ventricle and subclinical LV deformation may occur. 3D-STE can detect subtle cardiac dysfunctions in patients with gout at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Meng
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Leiyuan Ma
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tingyu Zong
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Wang M, Yu F, Chang W, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Li P. Inflammasomes: a rising star on the horizon of COVID-19 pathophysiology. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1185233. [PMID: 37251383 PMCID: PMC10213254 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1185233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a contagious respiratory virus that is the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic which has posed a serious threat to public health. COVID-19 is characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic infection to mild cold-like symptoms, severe pneumonia or even death. Inflammasomes are supramolecular signaling platforms that assemble in response to danger or microbial signals. Upon activation, inflammasomes mediate innate immune defense by favoring the release of proinflammatory cytokines and triggering pyroptotic cell death. Nevertheless, abnormalities in inflammasome functioning can result in a variety of human diseases such as autoimmune disorders and cancer. A growing body of evidence has showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection can induce inflammasome assembly. Dysregulated inflammasome activation and consequent cytokine burst have been associated with COVID-19 severity, alluding to the implication of inflammasomes in COVID-19 pathophysiology. Accordingly, an improved understanding of inflammasome-mediated inflammatory cascades in COVID-19 is essential to uncover the immunological mechanisms of COVID-19 pathology and identify effective therapeutic approaches for this devastating disease. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings on the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and inflammasomes and the contribution of activated inflammasomes to COVID-19 progression. We dissect the mechanisms involving the inflammasome machinery in COVID-19 immunopathogenesis. In addition, we provide an overview of inflammasome-targeted therapies or antagonists that have potential clinical utility in COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- *Correspondence: Man Wang, ; Peifeng Li,
| | | | | | | | | | - Peifeng Li
- *Correspondence: Man Wang, ; Peifeng Li,
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Khan I, Siraj M. An updated review on cell signaling pathways regulated by candidate miRNAs in coronary artery disease. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:326-334. [PMID: 37077752 PMCID: PMC10106733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNA, size range from 17 to 25 nucleotides that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. More than 2000 different types of miRNAs have been identified in humans which regulate about 60% of gene expression, since the discovery of the first miRNA in 1993. MicroRNA performs many functions such as being involved in the regulation of various biological pathways for example cell migration, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, disease progression, and initiation. miRNAs also play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis lesions, cardiac fibroblast, cardiac hypertrophy, cancer, and neurological disorders. Abnormal activation of many cell signaling pathways has been observed in the development of coronary artery disease. Abnormal expression of these candidate miRNA genes leads to up or downregulation of specific genes, these specific genes play an important role in the regulation of cell signaling pathways involved in coronary artery disease. Many studies have found that miRNAs play a key role in the regulation of crucial signaling pathways that are involved in the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease. This review is designed to investigate the role of cell signaling pathways regulated by candidate miRNAs in Coronary artery disease.
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Sapankaew T, Thadanipon K, Ruenroengbun N, Chaiyakittisopon K, Ingsathit A, Numthavaj P, Chaiyakunapruk N, McKay G, Attia J, Thakkinstian A. Efficacy and safety of urate-lowering agents in asymptomatic hyperuricemia: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Nephrol 2022; 23:223. [PMID: 35739495 PMCID: PMC9229855 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-02850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asymptomatic hyperuricemia was found to be associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk but the potential benefits of urate-lowering therapy (ULT) remain controversial. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) with frequentist model to estimate the efficacy and safety of ULT in asymptomatic hyperuricemia. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus were searched without language restrictions. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of adults with asymptomatic hyperuricemia were eligible if they compared any pair of ULTs (i.e., allopurinol, febuxostat, probenecid, benzbromarone, sulfinpyrazone, rasburicase, lesinurad, and topiroxostat) and placebo or no ULT, and had outcomes of interest, including composite renal events, major adverse cardiovascular events, serum urate levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), systolic blood pressure, and adverse events. RESULTS NMA with frequentist approach was applied to estimate relative treatment effects, i.e., risk ratio (RR) and mean difference (MD). A total of 23 RCTs were eligible. NMA identified beneficial effects of ULT on composite renal events and eGFR but not for other outcomes. Allopurinol and febuxostat had significantly lower composite renal events than placebo (RR 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23 to 0.66, and RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.99, respectively). Both treatments also resulted in significantly higher eGFR than placebo (MD 3.69 ml/min/1.73 m2, 95% CI 1.31 to 6.08, and MD 2.89 ml/min/1.73 m2, 95% CI 0.69 to 5.09, respectively). No evidence of inconsistency was identified. CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests that allopurinol and febuxostat are the ULTs of choice in reducing composite renal events and improving renal function. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered with PROSPERO: CRD42019145908. The date of the first registration was 12th November 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunlanut Sapankaew
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kunlawat Thadanipon
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narisa Ruenroengbun
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kamolpat Chaiyakittisopon
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand
| | - Atiporn Ingsathit
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pawin Numthavaj
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Gareth McKay
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - John Attia
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ammarin Thakkinstian
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Hong F, Zhao M, Xue LL, Ma X, Liu L, Cai XY, Zhang RJ, Li N, Wang L, Ni HF, Wu WS, Ye HY, Chen LJ. The ethanolic extract of Artemisia anomala exerts anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome. PHYTOMEDICINE 2022; 102:154163. [PMID: 35597027 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemisia anomala S. Moore (Compositae), known as "Nan-Liu-Ji-Nu" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been used to treat many inflammatory diseases, including enteritis, acute icteric hepatitis, rheumatism, toothache, tonsillitis, and chronic bronchitis, for centuries. Our preliminary studies have demonstrated that the ethanolic extract of A. anomala (EAA) might be with the potential of inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of EAA based on NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition is still unclear. PURPOSE This work aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of EAA by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. METHODS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were used to evaluate the inhibitory effects on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The level of IL-1β was determined by ELISA. The expression levels of IL-1β, caspase-1, NLRP3, and ASC were assayed using western blot analysis. ASC oligomerization and speck formation were detected by immunofluorescence microscopy. The measurements of intracellular chloride and potassium were conducted using N-(ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-6-methoxyquinolinium bromide (MQAE) probe assay and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), respectively. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) were examined using the MitoSOX method. Acridine orange (AO) staining was used to detect the permeability of the lysosomal membrane. A DSS-induced ulcerative colitis model was established to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of EAA in vivo. Finally, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to identify and quantify the major constituents of EAA. RESULTS In BMDMs, EAA significantly inhibited the release of IL-1β induced by LPS. The mechanistic study revealed that EAA inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation by blocking the oligomerization of ASC and suppressed the LPS-induced priming step. Furthermore, EAA protected lysosomes by inhibiting the TAK1-JNK pathway, thereby inhibiting the assembly of downstream NLRP3 inflammasome and the production of IL-1β. In addition, EAA exerted potent protective effects in an ulcerative colitis model by decreasing the content of colonic IL-1β and alleviating the process of ulcerative colitis. HPLC analysis identified eight main components of EAA, including isofraxidin (1), quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 7-methoxycoumarin (4), quercetin (5), luteolin (6), kaempferol (7), and eupatorin (8), Of these compounds, quercetin and kaempferol were found to be the most potent ingredients. CONCLUSION These findings collectively reveal that EAA exerts anti-inflammatory effects by both suppressing the NLRP3 priming step and protecting lysosomes to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation, suggesting that this traditional herbal medicine might be used to treat NLRP3-driven inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hong
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Min Zhao
- Laboratory of Metabolomics and Drug-induced Liver Injury, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lin-Lin Xue
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xu Ma
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ying Cai
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Rui-Jia Zhang
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lun Wang
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Heng-Fan Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Wen-Shuang Wu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Hao-Yu Ye
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Li-Juan Chen
- Laboratory of Natural Product Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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Cao W, Wang X, Li J, Yan M, Chang CH, Kim J, Jiang J, Liao YP, Tseng S, Kusumoputro S, Lau C, Huang M, Han P, Lu P, Xia T. NLRP3 inflammasome activation determines the fibrogenic potential of PM 2.5 air pollution particles in the lung. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 111:429-441. [PMID: 34949371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is known to cause respiratory inflammation such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung fibrosis. NLRP3 inflammasome activation has been implicated in these diseases; however, due to the complexity in PM2.5 compositions, it is difficult to differentiate the roles of the components in triggering this pathway. We collected eight real-life PM2.5 samples for a comparative analysis of their effects on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and lung fibrosis. In vitro assays showed that although the PM2.5 particles did not induce significant cytotoxicity at the dose range of 12.5 to 100 µg/mL, they induced potent TNF-α and IL-1β production in PMA differentiated THP-1 human macrophages and TGF-β1 production in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells. At the dose of 100 µg/mL, PM2.5 induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inducing lysosomal damage and cathepsin B release, leading to IL-1β production. This was confirmed by using NLRP3- and ASC-deficient cells as well as a cathepsin B inhibitor, ca-074 ME. Administration of PM2.5 via oropharyngeal aspiration at 2 mg/kg induced significant TGF-β1 production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and collagen deposition in the lung at 21 days post-exposure, suggesting PM2.5 has the potential to induce pulmonary fibrosis. The ranking of in vitro IL-1β production correlates well with the in vivo total cell count, TGF-β1 production, and collagen deposition. In summary, we demonstrate that the PM2.5 is capable of inducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which triggers a series of cellular responses in the lung to induce fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
| | - Xiang Wang
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States.
| | - Jiulong Li
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Ming Yan
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chong Hyun Chang
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Joshua Kim
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Jinhong Jiang
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Yu-Pei Liao
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Shannon Tseng
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Sydney Kusumoputro
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Candice Lau
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Marissa Huang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Pengli Han
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Pengju Lu
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States.
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10
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Cau SB, Bruder-Nascimento A, Silva MB, Ramalho FNZ, Mestriner F, Alves-Lopes R, Ferreira N, Tostes RC, Bruder-Nascimento T. Angiotensin-II activates vascular inflammasome and induces vascular damage. Vascul Pharmacol 2021; 139:106881. [PMID: 34098096 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2021.106881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin-II (Ang-II), a major target for treatment of cardiovascular disease, promotes cardiovascular dysfunction by directly modulating structure and function of vascular cells. Inflammasome components are expressed in the vasculature and are activated by specific stimuli. However, whether Ang-II activates the inflammasome in vascular cells or inflammasome activation contributes to Ang-II-induced vascular damage is still not fully elucidated. We tested the hypothesis that Ang-II induces endothelial dysfunction, vascular remodeling, and high blood pressure via inflammasome activation. C57BL6/J wild type (WT) and Caspase-1 knockout (Casp1-/-) mice were infused with vehicle or Ang-II for two weeks (490 ng/Kg/day) to determine whether the inflammasome contributes to vascular damage induced by Ang-II. Rat Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle cells (RASMC) were used to determine if the interaction between Ang-II and inflammasomes causes migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Ex vivo studies revealed that Ang-II infusion induced vascular oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling in WT mice. Casp1-/- mice were protected against Ang-II-induced vascular injury. In vitro experiments, Ang-II activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in RASMC, i.e. Ang-II increased Caspase-1 (Casp1) activity and cleavage of pro-interleukin (IL)-1β. MCC950 (NLRP3 receptor antagonist) prevented Ang-II-induced vascular migration and proliferation, but failed to reduce reactive oxygen species production. In conclusion, Ang-II leads to inflammasome activation in the vasculature contributing to endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. Taken together, we place inflammasomes as a possible therapeutic target in conditions associated with increased Ang-II levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefany B Cau
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ariane Bruder-Nascimento
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity & Metabolism (CPROM), University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Marcondes B Silva
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda N Z Ramalho
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Mestriner
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rheure Alves-Lopes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathanne Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita C Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Bruder-Nascimento
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Center for Pediatric Research in Obesity & Metabolism (CPROM), University of Pittsburgh, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute (VMI), University of Pittsburgh, USA.
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11
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Sharma I, Behl T, Bungau S, Sachdeva M, Kumar A, Zengin G, Arora S. Understanding the role of Inflammasome in Angina Pectoris. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2020; 22:CPPS-EPUB-112184. [PMID: 33292150 DOI: 10.2174/1389203721999201208200242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Angina pectoris, associated with coronary artery disease, a cardiovascular disease where, pain is caused by adverse oxygen supply in myocardium, resulting in contractility and discomfort in chest. Inflammasomes, triggered by stimuli due to infection and cellular stress have identified to play a vital role in the progression of cardiovascular disorders and thus, causing various symptoms like angina pectoris. Nlrp3 inflammasome, a key contributor in the pathogenesis of angina pectoris, requires activation and primary signaling for the commencement of inflammation. Nlrp3 inflammasome elicit out an inflammatory response by emission of pro inflammatory cytokines by ROS (reactive oxygen species) production, mobilization of K+ efflux and Ca2+ and by activation of lysosome destabilization that eventually causes pyroptosis, a programmed cell death process. Thus, inflammasome are considered to be one of the factors involved in the progression of coronary artery diseases and have an intricate role in development of angina pectoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab,. India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab,. India
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine of Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea,. Romania
| | - Monika Sachdeva
- Fatima College of Health Science, Al Ain,. United Arab Emirates
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab,. India
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Campus, Konya,. Turkey
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab,. India
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12
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de Rivero Vaccari JC, Dietrich WD, Keane RW, de Rivero Vaccari JP. The Inflammasome in Times of COVID-19. Front Immunol 2020; 11:583373. [PMID: 33149733 PMCID: PMC7580384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.583373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are members of the genus Betacoronavirus and the Coronaviridiae family responsible for infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and more recently, coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). CoV infections present mainly as respiratory infections that lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, CoVs, such as COVID-19, also present as a hyperactivation of the inflammatory response that results in increased production of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β and its downstream molecule IL-6. The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex involved in the activation of caspase-1 that leads to the activation of IL-1β in a variety of diseases and infections such as CoV infection and in different tissues such as lungs, brain, intestines and kidneys, all of which have been shown to be affected in COVID-19 patients. Here we review the literature regarding the mechanism of inflammasome activation by CoV infection, the role of the inflammasome in ARDS, ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) as well as the potential mechanism by which the inflammasome may contribute to the damaging effects of inflammation in the cardiac, renal, digestive, and nervous systems in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - W Dalton Dietrich
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Robert W Keane
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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13
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Kong X, Liao Y, Zhou L, Zhang Y, Cheng J, Yuan Z, Wang S. Hematopoietic Cell Kinase (HCK) Is Essential for NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response In Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:581011. [PMID: 33041826 PMCID: PMC7523510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.581011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome results in caspase 1 cleavage, which subsequently leads to IL-1β and IL-18 secretion, as well as pyroptosis, and aberrant activation of the inflammasome is involved in several diseases such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. NLRP3 activity is regulated by various kinases. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of the hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK), a member of the Src family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) primarily expressed in myeloid cells, has previously been shown to ameliorate inflammation, indicating that it may be involved in the regulation of microglia function. However, the underlying mechanism is not known. Hence, in this study, we aimed to investigate the role of HCK in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. We demonstrated that HCK silencing inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, the HCK-specific inhibitor, A419259, attenuated the release of IL-1β and caspase 1(P20) from the macrophages and microglia and reduced the formation of the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein with a CARD domain (ASC) oligomer. We also observed that HCK binds to full length NLRP3 and its NBD(NACHT) and LRR domains, but not to the PYD domain. In vivo, the HCK inhibitor attenuated the LPS-induced inflammatory response in the liver of LPS-challenged mice. Collectively, these results suggested that HCK plays a critical role in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Our results will enhance current understanding regarding the effectiveness of HCK inhibitors for treating acute inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxi Kong
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajin Liao
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life & Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lujun Zhou
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbo Cheng
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life & Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shukun Wang
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Central Role in the Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:4293206. [PMID: 32377298 PMCID: PMC7180412 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4293206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Materials The NLRP3 inflammasome controls the activation of the proteolytic enzyme caspase-1. Caspase-1 in turn regulates the maturation of the proinflammasome cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, which leads to an inflammatory response. We made a mini-review on the association of regulatory mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome with the development of cardiovascular diseases systematically based on the recent research studies. Discussion. The inflammasome plays an indispensable role in the development of atherosclerosis, coronary heart diseases (CHD), and heart ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, and NLRP3 inflammasome may become a new target for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Effective regulation of NLRP3 may help prevent or even treat cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion This mini-review focuses on the association of regulatory mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome with the development of cardiovascular diseases, which may supply some important clues for future therapies and novel drug targets for cardiovascular diseases.
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15
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An N, Gao Y, Si Z, Zhang H, Wang L, Tian C, Yuan M, Yang X, Li X, Shang H, Xiong X, Xing Y. Regulatory Mechanisms of the NLRP3 Inflammasome, a Novel Immune-Inflammatory Marker in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1592. [PMID: 31354731 PMCID: PMC6635885 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is currently the most widely studied inflammasome and has become a hot topic of recent research. As a macromolecular complex, the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated to produce downstream factors, including caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18, which then promote local inflammatory responses and induce pyroptosis, leading to unfavorable effects. A growing number of studies have examined the relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, some studies have shown that the NLRP3 inflammasome is not involved in the occurrence of certain diseases. Therefore, identifying the mechanism of action of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its potential involvement in the pathological process of disease progression is of utmost importance. This review discusses the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the relationship between the inflammasome and CVDs, including coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, cardiomyopathies, and arrhythmia, as well as CVD-related treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na An
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyu Si
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hanlai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mengchen Yuan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinye Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongcai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xingjiang Xiong
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Wan Z, Fan Y, Liu X, Xue J, Han Z, Zhu C, Wang X. NLRP3 inflammasome promotes diabetes-induced endothelial inflammation and atherosclerosis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:1931-1942. [PMID: 31571967 PMCID: PMC6759984 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s222053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NLRP3 inflammasome can be activated by high glucose and links inflammation and metabolic disease. This study aimed to investigate the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in hyperglycemia-induced endothelial inflammation and diabetic atherosclerosis. METHODS NLRP3 levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and plasma IL-1β level were measured in diabetes patients. The activation of NLPR3 was detected in diabetic ApoE-/- mice and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, NLRP3 expression levels in PBMC and plasma IL-1β level were significantly higher in diabetes patients but considerably decreased after lifestyle interventions and medicine. Moreover, carotid atherosclerosis was significantly related to plasma IL-1β level in diabetes patients. In diabetic atherosclerosis mouse model, NLRP3 knockdown suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation, inhibited the expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in intima, reduced atherosclerosis and stabilized atherosclerotic plaque. In vitro, the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components and the secretion of IL-1β were augmented by high glucose in HUVECs. Moreover, either high glucose or IL-1β promoted the expression of adhesion molecules, which were suppressed by NLRP3 knockdown or IL-1β receptor antagonist. CONCLUSION These findings provide novel insights into pathological mechanisms of diabetic atherosclerosis and have potential therapeutic implications for cardiovascular complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofei Wan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahong Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Canzhan Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xinhong WangDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi710004, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 298 632 0430 Email
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17
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Wang Z, Hu W, Lu C, Ma Z, Jiang S, Gu C, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Yang Y. Targeting NLRP3 (Nucleotide-Binding Domain, Leucine-Rich–Containing Family, Pyrin Domain–Containing-3) Inflammasome in Cardiovascular Disorders. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:2765-2779. [PMID: 30571177 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is an important innate immune response to infection or tissue damage. Inflammasomes are involved in the onset and development of inflammation. The NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich–containing family, pyrin domain–containing-3) inflammasome is the best-characterized inflammasome. Recent evidence has indicated the importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders. To further understand the roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the cardiovascular system, we provide a comprehensive overview and discuss the remaining questions. First, a summary of NLRP3 inflammasome in the cardiovascular system is introduced. Then, the associations between NLRP3 inflammasome and cardiovascular disorders are presented. Finally, we discuss existing problems and potential directions with this issue. The information compiled here summarizes recent progress, thus potentially aiding in the understanding of the NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular disorders, designing experimental and clinical research about the NLRP3 inflammasome, and promoting therapeutics for cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- From the Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Taibai, Xi’an, China (Z.W., C.L., Y.Y.)
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Wuhan General Hospital of The People’s Liberation Army, China (Z.W.)
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Immunology (W.H.), The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- From the Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Taibai, Xi’an, China (Z.W., C.L., Y.Y.)
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital (Z.M.), The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine (S.J.), The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chunhu Gu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital (C.G.), The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Biomedical Research Center, Health Sciences Technology Park, University of Granada, Spain (D.A.-C.)
| | - Yang Yang
- From the Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Taibai, Xi’an, China (Z.W., C.L., Y.Y.)
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18
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Jun HK, Jung YJ, Choi BK. Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Tannerella forsythia induce cell death and release of endogenous danger signals. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 73:72-78. [PMID: 27697692 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze whether periodontopathogens induced inflammatory cell death and the release of diverse endogenous danger molecules in THP-1-derived macrophages. METHODS The macrophages were treated with Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Tannerella forsythia. Activation of caspase-1 and caspase-4 was detected by Western blotting. Cell death of bacteria-stimulated macrophages was examined using a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay and propidium iodide (PI)/annexin V (AV) staining. Levels of endogenous danger signals, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP), uric acid, heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), and fibronectin in the culture supernatants were determined using an ATP bioluminescence assay kit, a uric acid assay kit, and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS T. denticola, P. gingivalis, and T. forsythia induced activation of caspase-1 and caspase-4. The LDH assay and PI/AV staining showed that all three pathogens induced pyroptotic cell death. All three bacteria induced release of ATP, which is an important ligand for inflammasome activation; the increase in ATP ultimately leads to caspase-1 activation. T. denticola induced release of HSP60 and fibronectin, while T. forsythia induced release of HMGB1 in addition to HSP60 and fibronectin. None of the endogenous molecules except for fibronectin were detected in P. gingivalis-infected cells, possibly due to degradation of these factors by the proteolytic activity of the bacteria. Interestingly, P. gingivalis induced uric acid release. CONCLUSION Inflammatory cell death and endogenous danger molecules released from cells infected with periodontopathogens may play critical roles in the pathogenesis and progression of periodontitis by augmenting immune and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Kyoung Jun
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, South Korea.
| | - Young-Jung Jung
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, South Korea.
| | - Bong-Kyu Choi
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, South Korea; Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, South Korea.
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19
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Singh JA, Yu S. Allopurinol reduces the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in the elderly: a study of Medicare claims. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:209. [PMID: 27655429 PMCID: PMC5032238 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous observational studies that have examined the association of allopurinol with myocardial infarction (MI) have provided contradictory results. One study showed that allopurinol reduced the risk, while another study showed an increased risk with allopurinol. Therefore, our objective was to assess whether allopurinol use is associated with a reduction in the risk of MI in the elderly. METHOD We used the 2006-2012 5 % random sample of Medicare beneficiaries to study the association of new allopurinol initiation and the risk of incident MI in a cohort study. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models adjusted for age, gender, race, and Charlson index, in addition to various cardio-protective medications (beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, diuretics, statins). We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity analyses adjusted for coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and smoking. RESULTS Of the 29,298 episodes of incident allopurinol use, 1544 were associated with incident MI (5.3 % episodes). Allopurinol use was associated with reduced hazards of MI, with a HR of 0.85 (95 % CI, 0.77 to 0.95). Compared to no allopurinol use, longer durations of allopurinol use were associated with a lower HR of MI: 1-180 days, 0.98 (95 % CI, 0.84 to 1.14); 181 days to 2 years, 0.83 (95 % CI, 0.72 to 0.95); and >2 years, 0.70 (95 % CI, 0.56 to 0.88). Other factors associated with a higher hazard of MI were: age 75 to <85 years and ≥85 years, male gender, higher Charlson index score, and the use of an ACE inhibitor. Adjustment for CAD risk factors confirmed these findings. CONCLUSION Incident allopurinol use was associated with a reduction in the risk of incident MI in the elderly. Longer durations of allopurinol use reduced the risk of incident MI incrementally. Future studies should assess the underlying mechanisms for MI prevention and assess the risk-benefit ratio for allopurinol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder A Singh
- Medicine Service, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA. .,Department of Medicine at School of Medicine, and Division of Epidemiology at School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Faculty Office Tower 805B, 510 20th Street S, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA. .,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Shaohua Yu
- Department of Medicine at School of Medicine, and Division of Epidemiology at School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Faculty Office Tower 805B, 510 20th Street S, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
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20
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Freeman LC, Ting JPY. The pathogenic role of the inflammasome in neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurochem 2015; 136 Suppl 1:29-38. [PMID: 26119245 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The inflammasome is a large macromolecular complex that contains multiple copies of a receptor or sensor of pathogen-derived or damage-derived molecular patterns, pro-caspase-1, and an adaptor called ASC (apoptotic speck containing protein with a CARD), which results in caspase-1 maturation. Caspase-1 then mediates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18. These cytokines play critical roles in mediating immune responses during inflammation and innate immunity. Broader studies of the inflammasome over the years have implicated their roles in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory diseases. Recently, studies have shown that the inflammasome modulates neuroinflammatory cells and the initial stages of neuroinflammation. A secondary cascade of events associated with neuroinflammation (such as oxidative stress) has been shown to activate the inflammasome, making the inflammasome a promising therapeutic target in the modulation of neurodegenerative diseases. This review will focus on the pathogenic role that inflammasomes play in neurologic diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury, and multiple sclerosis. We here review the role of the inflammasome in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is initiated by physical force exerted to head, resulting in neuronal injury and death. Primary insult is followed by a secondary cascade of events following neuroinflammation such as mitochondrial dysfunction, production of reactive oxygen species, potassium effluxes, and release of circulating DNA. These events can potentially trigger the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, and AIM2 during TBI but have yet to be confirmed (dashed lines). NLRP3, NLRP1, and AIM2 associate with the adaptor protein ASC, which initiates the cleavage of pro-caspase-1 to the mature form of caspase-1 which cleaves pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 into their mature forms of IL-1β and IL-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie C Freeman
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Genetics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Inflammatory Diseases, Center for Translational Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Zhang N, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Xu Y, Li G, Liu T. Ticagrelor-related gout: An underestimated side effect. Int J Cardiol 2015; 192:11-3. [PMID: 25981572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nixiao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangping Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China.
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Toldo S, Mezzaroma E, Mauro AG, Salloum F, Van Tassell BW, Abbate A. The inflammasome in myocardial injury and cardiac remodeling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:1146-61. [PMID: 25330141 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.5989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE An inflammatory response follows an injury of any nature, and while such a response is an attempt to promote healing, it may, itself, result in further injury. RECENT ADVANCES The inflammasome is a macromolecular structure recently recognized as a central mediator in the acute inflammatory response. The inflammasome senses the injury and it amplifies the response by leading to the release of powerful pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. CRITICAL ISSUES The activation of the inflammasome in the heart during ischemic and nonischemic injury represents an exaggerated response to sterile injury and promotes adverse cardiac remodeling and failure. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Pilot clinical trials have explored blockade of the inflammasome-derived IL-1β and have shown beneficial effects on cardiac function. Additional clinical studies testing this approach are warranted. Moreover, specific inflammasome inhibitors that are ready for clinical use are currently lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Toldo
- 1 VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia
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Motta V, Soares F, Sun T, Philpott DJ. NOD-like receptors: versatile cytosolic sentinels. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:149-78. [PMID: 25540141 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00009.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors are cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptors that together with RIG-I-like receptor (retinoic acid-inducible gene 1), Toll-like receptor (TLR), and C-type lectin families make up the innate pathogen pattern recognition system. There are 22 members of NLRs in humans, 34 in mice, and even a larger number in some invertebrates like sea urchins, which contain more than 200 receptors. Although initially described to respond to intracellular pathogens, NLRs have been shown to play important roles in distinct biological processes ranging from regulation of antigen presentation, sensing metabolic changes in the cell, modulation of inflammation, embryo development, cell death, and differentiation of the adaptive immune response. The diversity among NLR receptors is derived from ligand specificity conferred by the leucine-rich repeats and an NH2-terminal effector domain that triggers the activation of different biological pathways. Here, we describe NLR genes associated with different biological processes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their function. Furthermore, we discuss mutations in NLR genes that have been associated with human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Motta
- Departments of Immunology and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Fraser Soares
- Departments of Immunology and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tian Sun
- Departments of Immunology and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dana J Philpott
- Departments of Immunology and of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Xie R, Huang H, Li W, Chen B, Jiang J, He Y, Lv J, ma B, Zhou Y, Feng C, Chen L, He W. Identifying progression related disease risk modules based on the human subcellular signaling networks. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 10:3298-309. [PMID: 25315201 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00482e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that the structure and dynamics of the human signaling network are disturbed in complex diseases such as coronary artery disease, and gene expression profiles can distinguish variations in diseases since they can accurately reflect the status of cells. Integration of subcellular localization and the human signaling network holds promise for providing insight into human diseases. In this study, we performed a novel algorithm to identify progression-related-disease-risk modules (PRDRMs) among patients of different disease states within eleven subcellular sub-networks from a human signaling network. The functional annotation and literature retrieval showed that the PRDRMs were strongly associated with disease pathogenesis. The results indicated that the PRDRM expression values as classification features had a good classification performance to distinguish patients of different disease states. Our approach compared with the method PageRank had a better classification performance. The identification of the PRDRMs in response to the dynamic gene expression change could facilitate our understanding of the pathological basis of complex diseases. Our strategy could provide new insights into the potential use of prognostic biomarkers and the effective guidance of clinical therapy from the human subcellular signaling network perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiang Xie
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
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dos Santos RMS, Oliveira SM, Silva CR, Hoffmeister C, Ferreira J, Assreuy J. Anti-nociceptive and anti-edematogenic effects of glibenclamide in a model of acute gouty attack in rats. Inflamm Res 2013; 62:617-25. [PMID: 23543229 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-013-0615-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN We investigated the effect of glibenclamide on inflammatory parameters in a model of acute gouty attack in rats. TREATMENT Intra-articular injection of 50 μl of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals (1.25 mg/site) was used to induce gout-related inflammation. The effects of glibenclamide (1-10 mg/kg, s.c.) or dexamethasone (8 mg/kg, s.c., positive control) were assessed on several inflammation parameters. METHODS Spontaneous nociception assessment, edema measurement, total and differential leucocyte counts, interleukin (IL)-1β release, prostaglandin E2 production and determination of blood glucose levels were analyzed. Peritoneal macrophages were incubated with MSU and levels of IL-1β were measured. Statistical significance was assessed by one- or two-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Glibenclamide (3 mg/kg) or dexamethasone (8 mg/kg) prevented nociception and edema induced by MSU injection in rats. Glibenclamide did not affect leukocyte infiltration, IL-1β release and PGE2 production, but only reduced IL-1β production by MSU-stimulated macrophages at very high concentration (200 μM). Dexamethasone significantly reduced leukocyte infiltration, IL-1β release and PGE2 production. Glibenclamide reduced whereas dexamethasone increased blood glucose levels of MSU-injected rats. CONCLUSIONS Glibenclamide reduced nociception and edema, but not leukocyte infiltration, IL-1β release and PGE2 production. However, its substantial effect on nociception and edema suggests that glibenclamide can be an interesting option as an adjuvant treatment for pain induced by acute attacks of gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane M S dos Santos
- Laboratório de Neurotoxicidade e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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