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Ali MY, Zamponi GW, Abdul QA, Seong SH, Min BS, Jung HA, Choi JS. Prunin from Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Rafin Inhibits Aldose Reductase and Glucose-Fructose-Mediated Protein Glycation and Oxidation of Human Serum Albumin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7203-7218. [PMID: 38518258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes complications are associated with aldose reductase (AR) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Using bioassay-guided isolation by column chromatography, 10 flavonoids and one coumarin were isolated from Poncirus trifoliata Rafin and tested in vitro for an inhibitory effect against human recombinant AR (HRAR) and rat lens AR (RLAR). Prunin, narirutin, and naringin inhibited RLAR (IC50 0.48-2.84 μM) and HRAR (IC50 0.68-4.88 μM). Docking simulations predicted negative binding energies and interactions with the RLAR and HRAR binding pocket residues. Prunin (0.1 and 12.5 μM) prevented the formation of fluorescent AGEs and nonfluorescent Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML), as well as the fructose-glucose-mediated protein glycation and oxidation of human serum albumin (HSA). Prunin suppressed the formation of the β-cross-amyloid structure of HSA. These results indicate that prunin inhibits oxidation-dependent protein damage, AGE formation, and AR, which may help prevent diabetes complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yousof Ali
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, AB, Canada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4N1, AB, Canada
| | - Qudeer Ahmed Abdul
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Natural Products Research Division, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Sun Min
- Drug Research and Development Center, College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongbuk 38430, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Mahdipour R, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A, Hosseini M, Shahba S, Lombardi G, Malvandi AM, Mohammadipour A. The benefits of grape seed extract in neurological disorders and brain aging. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:369-383. [PMID: 35343876 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2051954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Common neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, epilepsy, autism and psychiatric disorders, affect many people worldwide and threaten their lives and health by inducing movement disorders, behavioral disorders, or a combination of both. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play a central role in neuronal damage and neurological diseases induction and progression. In addition, protein homeostasis (proteostasis) impairment occurs in many neurodegenerative diseases, which plays a critical role in the progression of the pathology. Grape seed contains several flavonoids and non-flavonoids and exerts potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, polyphenols and flavanols can maintain cellular proteostasis. Since impaired proteostasis is closely involved in all amyloid diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases, grape seeds extract can be a valuable therapeutic agent. Therefore, this review discusses the protective and therapeutic mechanisms of grape seed against neurological disorders and, in the end, links GSE to microRNAs as future therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Mahdipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Shahba
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Amir Mohammad Malvandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - Abbas Mohammadipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Majeed U, Shafi A, Majeed H, Akram K, Liu X, Ye J, Luo Y. Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) phytochemicals and their biochemical protective mechanisms against leading pathologies. Food Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nisar A, Ajabia DK, Agrawal SB, Varma S, Chaudhari BP, Tupe RS. Mechanistic insight into differential interactions of iron oxide nanoparticles with native, glycated albumin and their effect on erythrocytes parameters. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:232-247. [PMID: 35597380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles and protein bioconjugates have been studied for multiple biomedical applications. We sought to investigate the interaction and structural modifications of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). The IONPs were green synthesized using E. crassipes aqueous leaf extract following characterization using transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-Ray Diffraction. Two different concentrations of native/glycated albumin (0.5 and 1.5 mg/ml) with IONPs were allowed to interact for 1 h at 37 °C. Glycation markers, protein modification markers, cellular antioxidant, and hemolysis studies showed structural modifications and conformational changes in albumin due to the presence of IONPs. UV-Visible absorbance resulted in hyperchromic and bathochromic effects of IONPs-BSA conjugates. Fluorescence measurements of tyrosine, tryptophan, advanced glycated end products, and ANS binding assay were promising and quenching effects proved IONPs-BSA conjugate formation. In FTIR of BSA-IONPs, transmittance was increased in amide A and B bands while decreased in amide I and II bands. In summary, native PAGE, HPLC, and FTIR analysis displayed a differential behaviour of IONPs with native and glycated BSA. These results provided an understanding of the interaction and structural modifications of glycated and native BSA which may provide fundamental repercussions in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akib Nisar
- Biochemical Sciences Division, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of IT and Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Katraj, Pune 411041, India
| | - Devangi K Ajabia
- Biochemical Sciences Division, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of IT and Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Katraj, Pune 411041, India
| | - Sanskruthi B Agrawal
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Sanjana Varma
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Bhushan P Chaudhari
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rashmi S Tupe
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Lavale, Pune 412115, Maharashtra, India.
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Khan MS, Rehman MT, Ismael MA, AlAjmi MF, Alruwaished GI, Alokail MS, Khan MR. Bioflavonoid (Hesperidin) Restrains Protein Oxidation and Advanced Glycation End Product Formation by Targeting AGEs and Glycolytic Enzymes. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:833-844. [PMID: 34110566 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00997-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-amylase (α-amylase) not long ago has acquire recognition as a possible drug target for the management of diabetes. Here, we have investigated the binding and enzyme activity of α-amylase by hesperidin; a naturally occurring flavanone having wide therapeutic potential. Hesperidin exerted an inhibitory influence on α-amylase activity with an IC50 value of 16.6 µM. Hesperidin shows a significant binding toward α-amylase with a binding constant (Ka) of the order of 104 M-1. The evaluation of thermodynamic parameters (∆H and ∆S) suggested that van der Waals force and hydrogen bonding drive seemingly specific hesperidin-α-amylase complex formation. Glycation and oxidation studies were performed using human serum albumin (HSA) as ideal protein. Hesperidin inhibited fructosamine content ≈40% at 50 µM and inhibited advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation by 71.2% at the same concentration. Moreover, significant recovery was evident in free -SH groups and carbonyl content of HSA. Additionally, molecular docking also entrenched in vitro observations and provided an insight into the important residues (Trp58, Gln63, His101, Glu233, Asp300, and His305) at the heart of hesperidin-α-amylase interaction. This study delineates mechanistic insight of hesperidin-α-amylase interaction and provides a platform for use of hesperidin to treat AGEs directed diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Ismael
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghaida I Alruwaished
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Cosmetic Department, National Drug and Cosmetic Control Laboratory, Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), Riyadh, 11561, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed S Alokail
- Protein Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Chulikhit Y, Sukhano W, Daodee S, Putalun W, Wongpradit R, Khamphukdee C, Umehara K, Noguchi H, Matsumoto K, Monthakantirat O. Effects of Pueraria candollei var mirifica (Airy Shaw and Suvat.) Niyomdham on Ovariectomy-Induced Cognitive Impairment and Oxidative Stress in the Mouse Brain. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113442. [PMID: 34198932 PMCID: PMC8201258 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of the phytoestrogen-enriched plant Pueraria mirifica (PM) extract on ovari-ectomy (OVX)-induced cognitive impairment and hippocampal oxidative stress in mice were investigated. Daily treatment with PM and 17β-estradiol (E2) significantly elevated cognitive behavior as evaluated by using the Y maze test, the novel object recognition test (NORT), and the Morris water maze test (MWM), attenuated atrophic changes in the uterus and decreased serum 17β-estradiol levels. The treatments significantly ameliorated ovariectomy-induced oxidative stress in the hippocampus and serum by a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA), an enhancement of superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity, including significantly down-regulated expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α proinflammatory cytokines, while up-regulating expression of PI3K. The present results suggest that PM extract suppresses oxidative brain damage and dysfunctions in the hippocampal antioxidant system, including the neuroinflammatory system in OVX animals, thereby preventing OVX-induced cognitive impairment. The present results indicate that PM exerts beneficial effects on cognitive deficits for which menopause/ovariectomy have been implicated as risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowared Chulikhit
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (W.S.); (S.D.); (R.W.)
| | - Wichitsak Sukhano
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (W.S.); (S.D.); (R.W.)
| | - Supawadee Daodee
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (W.S.); (S.D.); (R.W.)
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (W.P.); (C.K.)
| | - Rakvajee Wongpradit
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (W.S.); (S.D.); (R.W.)
| | - Charinya Khamphukdee
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (W.P.); (C.K.)
| | - Kaoru Umehara
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada 52-1, Shi-zuoka-shi, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (K.U.); (H.N.)
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama, Kanagawa 245-0066, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Noguchi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada 52-1, Shi-zuoka-shi, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan; (K.U.); (H.N.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Kinzo Matsumoto
- Division of Medicinal Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
| | - Orawan Monthakantirat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (Y.C.); (W.S.); (S.D.); (R.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-4320-2305
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Yousof Ali M, Jannat S, Mizanur Rahman M. Ginsenoside derivatives inhibit advanced glycation end-product formation and glucose-fructose mediated protein glycation in vitro via a specific structure-activity relationship. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104844. [PMID: 33798848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng and red ginseng) extract has been reported to inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs); however, the potential inhibitory activity of its major constituents (ginsenosides) against AGE formation is still unknown. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of ginsenoside derivatives on AGE formation. Herein, we assessed the activity of 22 ginsenosides, most of which significantly inhibited fluorescent AGE formation. Notably, ginsenoside Rh2, ginsenoside Rh1, and compound K exhibited the most potent AGE inhibitory potential with IC50 values of 3.38, 8.42, and 10.85 µM, respectively. The structure- activity relationship revealed that the presence of sugar moieties, hydroxyl groups, and their linkages, and the stereostructure of the ginsenoside skeleton played an important role in the inhibition of AGE formation. Furthermore, the inhibitory activity of the most active ginsenoside Rh2 on fructose-glucose-mediated protein glycation and oxidation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was explored. Rh2 (0.1-12.5 µM) inhibited the formation of fluorescent AGE and non-fluorescent AGE, as well as the level of fructosamine and prevented protein oxidation by decreasing protein carbonyl formation and protein thiol group modification. Rh2 also suppressed the formation of the β-cross amyloid structure of BSA. Ginsenosides might be promising new anti-glycation agents for the prevention of diabetic complications via inhibition of AGE formation and oxidation-dependent protein damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yousof Ali
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre for Structural and Functional Genomic, Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Susoma Jannat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, T2N 1N4 Alberta, Canada
| | - M Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
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Musillo C, Borgi M, Saul N, Möller S, Luyten W, Berry A, Cirulli F. Natural products improve healthspan in aged mice and rats: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 121:89-105. [PMID: 33309907 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decades a decrease in mortality has paved the way for late onset pathologies such as cardiovascular, metabolic or neurodegenerative diseases. This evidence has led many researchers to shift their focus from researching ways to extend lifespan to finding ways to increase the number of years spent in good health; "healthspan" is indeed the emerging concept of such quest for ageing without chronic or disabling diseases and dysfunctions. Regular consumption of natural products might improve healthspan, although the mechanisms of action are still poorly understood. Since preclinical studies aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of these compounds are growing, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of natural products on healthspan in mouse and rat models of physiological ageing. Results indicate that natural compounds show robust effects improving stress resistance and cognitive abilities. These promising data call for further studies investigating the underlying mechanisms in more depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Musillo
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy; PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Borgi
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadine Saul
- Molecular Genetics Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Möller
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Alessandra Berry
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
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Ramli NZ, Yahaya MF, Tooyama I, Damanhuri HA. A Mechanistic Evaluation of Antioxidant Nutraceuticals on Their Potential against Age-Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1019. [PMID: 33092139 PMCID: PMC7588884 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals have been extensively studied worldwide due to its neuroprotective effects in in vivo and in vitro studies, attributed by the antioxidative properties. Alzheimer (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) are the two main neurodegenerative disorders that are discussed in this review. Both AD and PD share the similar involvement of oxidative stress in their pathophysiology. Nutraceuticals exert their antioxidative effects via direct scavenging of free radicals, prevent damage to biomolecules, indirectly stimulate the endogenous antioxidative enzymes and gene expressions, inhibit activation of pro-oxidant enzymes, and chelate metals. In addition, nutraceuticals can act as modulators of pro-survival, pro-apoptotic, and inflammatory signaling pathways. They have been shown to be effective particularly in preclinical stages, due to their multiple mechanisms of action in attenuating oxidative stress underlying AD and PD. Natural antioxidants from food sources and natural products such as resveratrol, curcumin, green tea polyphenols, and vitamin E are promising therapeutic agents in oxidative stress-mediated neurodegenerative disease as they have fewer adverse effects, more tolerable, cheaper, and sustainable for long term consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Zuliani Ramli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Fairuz Yahaya
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Centre, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Seta Tsukinowacho, Otsu 520-2192, Shiga, Japan;
| | - Hanafi Ahmad Damanhuri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
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Mechanistic inhibition of non-enzymatic glycation and aldose reductase activity by naringenin: Binding, enzyme kinetics and molecular docking analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:87-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Antiglycation and Antioxidant Properties of Ficus deltoidea Varieties. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6374632. [PMID: 32831872 PMCID: PMC7428875 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6374632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of standardized methanolic extracts from seven Ficus deltoidea varieties in inhibiting the formation of AGEs, protein oxidation, and their antioxidant effects. The antiglycation activity was analyzed based on the inhibition of AGEs, fructosamine, and thiol groups level followed by the inhibition of protein carbonyl formation. The antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay) and total phenolic contents were evaluated. After 28 days of induction, all varieties of Ficus deltoidea extracts significantly restrained the formation of fluorescence AGEs by 4.55–5.14 fold. The extracts also reduced the fructosamine levels by 47.0–86.5%, increased the thiol group levels by 64.3–83.7%, and inhibited the formation of protein carbonyl by 1.36–1.76 fold. DPPH radical scavenging activity showed an IC50 value of 66.81–288.04 μg/ml and reducing power activity depicted at 0.02–0.24 μg/ml. The extent of phenolic compounds present in the extracts ranged from 70.90 to 299.78 mg·GAE/g. Apart from that, correlation studies between the activities were observed. This study revealed that seven varieties of Ficus deltoidea have the potential to inhibit AGEs formation and possess antioxidant activity that might be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds.
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Yousof Ali M, Zaib S, Mizanur Rahman M, Jannat S, Iqbal J, Kyu Park S, Seog Chang M. Poncirin, an orally active flavonoid exerts antidiabetic complications and improves glucose uptake activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in insulin resistant C2C12 cells with anti-glycation capacities. Bioorg Chem 2020; 102:104061. [PMID: 32653611 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Poncirin, a natural flavanone glycoside present abundantly in many citrus fruits, contains an extensive range of biological activities. However, the antidiabetic mechanism of poncirin is unexplored yet. In this study, we examined the anti-diabetic prospective of poncirin by evaluating its ability to inhibit protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), α-glucosidase, human recombinant AR (HRAR), rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR), and advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation (IC50 = 7.76 ± 0.21, 21.31 ± 1.26, 3.56 ± 0.33, 11.91 ± 0.21, and 3.23 ± 0.09 µM, respectively). Kinetics data and docking studies showed the lowest binding energy and highestaffinityforthemixed and competitivetypeof inhibitorsof poncirin. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms underlying the antidiabetic outcomes of poncirin in insulin resistant C2C12 skeletal muscle cells were explored, which significantly increased glucose uptake and decreased the expression of PTP1B in C2C12 cells. Consequently, poncirin increased GLUT-4 expression level by activating the IRS-1/PI3K/Akt/GSK-3 signaling pathway. Moreover, poncirin (0.5-50 µM) remarkably inhibited the formation of fluorescent AGE, nonfluorescent CML, fructosamine, and β-cross amyloid structures in glucose-fructose-induced BSA glycation during 4 weeks of study. Poncirin also notably prevented protein oxidation demonstrated with decreasing the protein carbonyl and the consumption of protein thiol in the dose-dependent manner. The results clearly expressed the promising activity of poncirin for the therapy of diabetes and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yousof Ali
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Sumera Zaib
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - M Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Susoma Jannat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, T2N 1N4 Alberta, Canada
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Seong Kyu Park
- Department of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun Seog Chang
- Department of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Silveira EMS, Santos MCQ, da Silva TCB, Silva FBO, Machado CV, Elias L, Kolberg A, Kroth A, Partata WA. Aging and low-intensity exercise change oxidative biomarkers in brain regions and radiographic measures of femur of Wistar rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e9237. [PMID: 32401926 PMCID: PMC7228549 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20209237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We investigated changes in oxidative biomarkers in brain regions such as brainstem, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex of 3-, 6-, 18-, 24-, and 30-month-old rats. We also assessed the effects of low-intensity exercise on these biomarkers in these regions of 6-, 18-, and 24-month-old rats that started exercise on a treadmill at 3, 15, and 21 months of age, respectively. Radiographic images of the femur were taken for all rats. A total of 25 rats (age: twelve 6-, ten 18-, ten 24-, and three 30-month-old rats) were used. Lipid hydroperoxide levels increased in cerebellum at 18 months. Total antioxidant activity exhibited lowest values in brainstem at 3 months. Superoxide dismutase activity did not exhibit significant changes during aging. Total thiol content exhibited lowest values in brain regions of 24- and 30-month-old rats. Exercise reduced total thiol content in brainstem at 6 months, but no change occurred in other regions and other ages. Femur increased its length and width and cortical thickness with advancing age. No change occurred in medullary width. Radiolucency increased and sclerosis was found in cortical and medullary bone with advancing age. Exercise reduced radiolucency and medullary sclerosis. Therefore, aging differentially changed oxidative biomarkers in different brain regions and radiographic measures of the femur. Low-intensity exercise only ameliorated some radiographic measurements of femur. Since the present study possessed limitations (small number of rats per group), a beneficial effect of regular low-intensity exercise on oxidative markers in brain cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M S Silveira
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparada, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - M C Q Santos
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparada, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - T C B da Silva
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparada, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - F B O Silva
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparada, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - C V Machado
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparada, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - L Elias
- Graduada em Medicina Veterinária, Fundação Educacional Dom André Arcoverde (UNIFAA), Centro Universitário de Valença, Valença, RJ, Brasil
| | - A Kolberg
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparada, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - A Kroth
- Área Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, SC, Brasil
| | - W A Partata
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia Comparada, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Jin W, Sun M, Yuan B, Wang R, Yan H, Qiao X. Neuroprotective Effects of Grape Seed Procyanidins on Ethanol-Induced Injury and Oxidative Stress in Rat Hippocampal Neurons. Alcohol Alcohol 2020; 55:357-366. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Ethanol is a small molecule capable of interacting with numerous targets in the brain, the mechanisms of which are complex and still poorly understood. Studies have revealed that ethanol-induced hippocampal neuronal injury is associated with oxidative stress. Grape seed procyanidin (GSP) is a new type of antioxidant that is believed to scavenge free radicals and be anti-inflammatory. This study evaluated the ability and mechanism by which the GSP improves ethanol-induced hippocampal neuronal injury.
Methods
Primary cultures of hippocampal neurons were exposed to ethanol (11, 33 and 66 mM, 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h) and the neuroprotective effects of GSP were assessed by evaluating the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cell morphology.
Results
Our results indicated that GSP prevented ethanol-induced neuronal injury by reducing the levels of MDA and LDH, while increasing the activity of SOD. In addition, GSP increased the number of primary dendrites and total dendritic length per cell.
Conclusion
Together with previous findings, these results lend further support to the significance of developing GSP as a therapeutic tool for use in the treatment of alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyang Jin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mizhu Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bingbing Yuan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Runzhi Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongtao Yan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaomeng Qiao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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15
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Yun S, Chu D, He X, Zhang W, Feng C. Protective effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins against iron overload-induced renal oxidative damage in rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 57:126407. [PMID: 31570250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.126407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive exposure to iron can cause kidney damage, and chelating drugs such as deferoxamine and deferiprone have limited usefulness in treating iron poisoning. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPAs) against iron overload induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The roles of GSPAs in chelating iron, antioxidant activity, renal function, pathological section, and apoptosis-related gene expression were assessed. METHODS Newly weaned male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 21 days (weight, 65 ± 5 g) were randomly divided into four groups containing 10 rats each: normal control (negative) group, iron overload (positive) group, GSPAs group, and GSPAs + iron overload (test) group. Iron dextran injections (2.5 mg⋅ kg-1) and GSPAs (25 mg⋅ kg-1) were intraperitoneally and intragastrically administered to rats daily for 7 weeks, respectively. Measurements included red blood cell (RBC) count and hemoglobin (Hb) level, serum total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), renal iron content, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total antioxidant activity (T-AOC), creatinine (CR) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, pathological changes, and apoptotic Fas, Bax expressions in the kidney tissue. Differences among the dietary groups were determined using one-way analysis of variance with post-hoc Tukey's test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS RBC count, Hb level, renal iron content, MDA content, CR and BUN levels, and Fas, Bax expressions significantly increased in the positive group than in the negative group; contrarily, TIBC, GSH-Px activity, and T-AOC significantly decreased in the positive group than in the negative group (P < 0.05). Although not statistically significant, SOD activity was slightly reduced in the positive group than in the negative group. Inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue proliferation were observed in the kidney tissue of the rats in the positive group; in contrast, the rats exhibited better recovery when GSPAs were used instead of iron alone. Compared with the positive group, RBC counts, Hb levels, renal iron contents, the MDA content, CR and BUN levels, and Fas, Bax expressions significantly decreased, whereas the TIBC, the GSH-Px and SOD activities as well as T-AOC significantly increased in the test group rats (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the RBC counts, Hb levels, TIBC, renal iron contents, the SOD activity and MDA content, CR and BUN levels, and Fas expression between the GSPAs and negative groups. The GSH-Px activity and T-AOC were significantly increased whereas Bax expression was significantly decreased in the GSPAs group rats than in the negative group rats (P < 0.05). The rats in the GSPAs, test, and negative groups displayed glomeruli and tubules with a clear structure; further, the epithelial cells in the renal tubules were neatly arranged. CONCLUSIONS GSPAs have protective effects on nephrotoxicity in rats with iron overload. Thus, further investigation of GSPAs as a new and natural phytochemo-preventive agent against iron overload is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Yun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Dongyang Chu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Xingshuai He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Wenfang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Cuiping Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
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Tekupalli R, Dundaiah B, Kariyappa A, Ramachandregowda S, Anand S. Dietary supplementation of Hemidesmus indicus and swimming exercise attenuates oxidative stress in the rat brain. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_239_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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17
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Silveira EMS, Kroth A, Santos MCQ, Silva TCB, Silveira D, Riffel APK, Scheid T, Trapp M, Partata WA. Age-related changes and effects of regular low-intensity exercise on gait, balance, and oxidative biomarkers in the spinal cord of Wistar rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 52:e8429. [PMID: 31314852 PMCID: PMC6644524 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze age-related changes to motor coordination, balance, spinal cord oxidative biomarkers in 3-, 6-, 18-, 24-, and 30-month-old rats. The effects of low-intensity exercise on these parameters were also analyzed in 6-, 18-, and 24-month-old rats. Body weight, blood glucose, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were assessed for all rats. The soleus muscle weight/body weight ratio was used to estimate skeletal muscle mass loss. Body weight increased until 24 months; only 30-month-old rats exhibited decreased blood glucose and increased total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. The soleus muscle weight/body weight ratio increased until 18 months, followed by a small decrease in old rats. Exercise did not change any of these parameters. Stride length and step length increased from adult to middle age, but decreased at old age. Stride width increased while the sciatic functional index decreased in old rats. Performance in the balance beam test declined with age. While gait did not change, balance improved after exercise. Aging increased superoxide anion generation, hydrogen peroxide levels, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase activity while total thiol decreased and lipid hydroperoxides did not change. Exercise did not significantly change this scenario. Thus, aging increased oxidative stress in the spinal cord, which may be associated with age-induced changes in gait and balance. Regular low-intensity exercise is a good alternative for improving age-induced changes in balance, while beneficial effects on gait and spinal cord oxidative biomarkers cannot be ruled out because of the small number of rats investigated (n=5 or 6/group).
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Affiliation(s)
- E M S Silveira
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - A Kroth
- Área de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, SC, Brasil
| | - M C Q Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - T C B Silva
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - D Silveira
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - A P K Riffel
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - T Scheid
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - M Trapp
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - W A Partata
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Castelli V, Benedetti E, Antonosante A, Catanesi M, Pitari G, Ippoliti R, Cimini A, d'Angelo M. Neuronal Cells Rearrangement During Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease: Metabolism, Oxidative Stress and Organelles Dynamic. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:132. [PMID: 31191244 PMCID: PMC6546816 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain cells normally respond adaptively to oxidative stress or bioenergetic challenges, resulting from ongoing activity in neuronal circuits. During aging and in neurodegenerative disorders, these mechanisms are compromised. In fact, neurons show unique age-related changes in functions and metabolism, resulting in greater susceptibility to insults and disease. Aging affects the nervous system as well as other organs. More precisely, as the nervous system ages, neuron metabolism may change, inducing glucose hypometabolism, impaired transport of critical substrates underlying metabolism, alterations in calcium signaling, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, in neuronal aging, an accumulation of impaired and aggregated proteins in the cytoplasm and in mitochondria is observed, as the result of oxidative stress: reduced antioxidant defenses and/or increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These changes lead to greater vulnerability of neurons in various regions of the brain and increased susceptibility to several diseases. Specifically, the first part of the review article will focus on the major neuronal cells’ rearrangements during aging in response to changes in metabolism and oxidative stress, while the second part will cover the neurodegenerative disease areas in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Benedetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Andrea Antonosante
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Mariano Catanesi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Pitari
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Ippoliti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy
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Andrade S, Ramalho MJ, Loureiro JA, Pereira MDC. Natural Compounds for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2313. [PMID: 31083327 PMCID: PMC6539304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder related with the increase of age and it is the main cause of dementia in the world. AD affects cognitive functions, such as memory, with an intensity that leads to several functional losses. The continuous increase of AD incidence demands for an urgent development of effective therapeutic strategies. Despite the extensive research on this disease, only a few drugs able to delay the progression of the disease are currently available. In the last years, several compounds with pharmacological activities isolated from plants, animals and microorganisms, revealed to have beneficial effects for the treatment of AD, targeting different pathological mechanisms. Thus, a wide range of natural compounds may play a relevant role in the prevention of AD and have proven to be efficient in different preclinical and clinical studies. This work aims to review the natural compounds that until this date were described as having significant benefits for this neurological disease, focusing on studies that present clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Andrade
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria João Ramalho
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Angélica Loureiro
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria do Carmo Pereira
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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Zhang H, Lin S, Chen X, Gu L, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Reyes K, Wang B, Jin K. The effect of age, sex and strains on the performance and outcome in animal models of stroke. Neurochem Int 2018; 127:2-11. [PMID: 30291954 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the majority of cerebral stroke is caused by occlusion of cerebral circulation, which eventually leads to brain infarction. Although stroke occurs mainly in the aged population, most animal models for experimental stroke in vivo almost universally rely on young-adult rodents for the evaluation of neuropathological, neurological, or behavioral outcomes after stroke due to their greater availability, lower cost, and fewer health problems. However, it is well established that aged animals differ from young animals in terms of physiology, neurochemistry, and behavior. Stroke-induced changes are more pronounced with advancing age. Therefore, the overlooked role of age in animal models of stroke could have an impact on data quality and hinder the translation of rodent models to humans. In addition to aging, other factors also influence functional performance after ischemic stroke. In this article, we summarize the differences between young and aged animals, the impact of age, sex and animal strains on performance and outcome in animal models of stroke and emphasize age as a key factor in preclinical stroke studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Siyang Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yinuo Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Kassandra Reyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Brian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disorder Research, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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21
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Nabi R, Alvi SS, Khan RH, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Khan MS. Antiglycation study of HMG-R inhibitors and tocotrienol against glycated BSA and LDL: A comparative study. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:983-992. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Dong L, Wang Y, Lv J, Zhang H, Jiang N, Lu C, Xu P, Liu X. Memory enhancement of fresh ginseng on deficits induced by chronic restraint stress in mice. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 22:235-242. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1373928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Dong
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Lv
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Lu
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pan Xu
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Research Center for Pharmacology & Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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23
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Sheng Z, Ai B, Zheng L, Zheng X, Xu Z, Shen Y, Jin Z. Inhibitory activities of kaempferol, galangin, carnosic acid and polydatin against glycation and α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwu Sheng
- Haikou Experimental Station; Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences; Haikou 570101 China
| | - Binling Ai
- Haikou Experimental Station; Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences; Haikou 570101 China
| | - Lili Zheng
- Haikou Experimental Station; Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences; Haikou 570101 China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Haikou Experimental Station; Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences; Haikou 570101 China
| | - Zhimin Xu
- School of Nutrition and Food Science; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
| | - Yixiao Shen
- Haikou Experimental Station; Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences; Haikou 570101 China
- School of Nutrition and Food Science; Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
| | - Zhiqiang Jin
- Haikou Experimental Station; Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences; Haikou 570101 China
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Omar SH, Scott CJ, Hamlin AS, Obied HK. The protective role of plant biophenols in mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 47:1-20. [PMID: 28301805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) into the neurotoxic oligomers followed by fibrillar aggregates is a defining characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several lines of proposed hypotheses have suggested the mechanism of AD pathology, though the exact pathophysiological mechanism is not yet elucidated. The poor understanding of AD and multitude of adverse responses reported from the current synthetic drugs are the leading cause of failure in the drug development to treat or halt the progression of AD and mandate the search for safer and more efficient alternatives. A number of natural compounds have shown the ability to prevent the formation of the toxic oligomers and disrupt the aggregates, thus attracted much attention. Referable to the abundancy and multitude of pharmacological activities of the plant active constituents, biophenols that distinguish them from the other phytochemicals as a natural weapon against the neurodegenerative disorders. This review provides a critical assessment of the current literature on in vitro and in vivo mechanistic activities of biophenols associated with the prevention and treatment of AD. We have contended the need for more comprehensive approaches to evaluate the anti-AD activity of biophenols at various pathologic levels and to assess the current evidences. Consequently, we highlighted the various problems and challenges confronting the AD research, and offer recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed H Omar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
| | - Christopher J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Adam S Hamlin
- School of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Hassan K Obied
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
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Sowbhagya R, Anupama SK, Bhagyalakshmi D, Anand S, Ravikiran T. Modulatory Effects of Decalepis hamiltonii Extract and Its Compounds on the Antioxidant Status of the Aging Rat Brain. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2017; 9:8-15. [PMID: 28584487 PMCID: PMC5450474 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.206219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Decalepis hamiltonii (Dh) aqueous root extract and its compounds against age-related oxidative stress (OS) in the discrete regions of the rat brain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar albino rats of 4- and 22-month-old were divided into control and six supplemented groups. The supplemented groups were orally administered with ellagic acid (EA), 4-hydroxyisophthalic acid (4-HIA), and Dh extract for 30 days. RESULTS Age-related decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities was noticed. The hippocampus was found to be more vulnerable to OS as seen by the elevation in the OS markers. Supplementation of the Dh extract, EA, and 4-HIA was found to be effective in up-regulating the antioxidant status. However, the extent of up-regulation was more evident in Dh supplemented animals. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Dh extract and its compounds exhibit neuroprotective effects against age-related OS and can be used as a dietary therapeutic intervention for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dundaiah Bhagyalakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Santosh Anand
- Department of Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Tekupalli Ravikiran
- Department of Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Lee J, Torosyan N, Silverman DH. Examining the impact of grape consumption on brain metabolism and cognitive function in patients with mild decline in cognition: A double-blinded placebo controlled pilot study. Exp Gerontol 2016; 87:121-128. [PMID: 27856335 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural compounds in grapes such as resveratrol are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Some studies have shown a potential role for grapes or wine in slowing cognitive decline and other effects of aging. However, well-controlled experimental data obtained in human subjects are still in need of further development. Here we aimed to systematically assess effects of grapes on regional cerebral metabolism. METHODS Ten subjects with mild decline in cognition (mean, 72.2±4.7years; 50% female) were included in this analysis. Participants were randomized into an active grape formulation arm or a placebo arm which consumed a formulation free of polyphenols for six months. Cognitive performance was measured through neuropsychological assessments performed at baseline and 6months after initiation of therapy. Changes in brain metabolism occurring with each therapy regimen were assessed by brain PET scans with the radiotracer [F-18] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), obtained during initial evaluation and 6months later. Standardized volumes of interest (sVOI) and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) methods were applied to FDG-PET scans to identify significant regional cerebral metabolic changes. RESULTS In contrast to participants taking the active grape formulation, who displayed no significant decline in metabolism, the placebo arm underwent significant metabolic decline in sVOI's of the right posterior cingulate cortex (p=0.01), and left superior posterolateral temporal cortex (p=0.04). SPM analyses also found significant declines in the placebo group, particularly in left prefrontal, cingulate, and left superior posterolateral temporal cortex (p<0.01) with stable brain metabolism in the active formulation arm. No significant differences were seen in scores on the neuropsychological battery of tests between the two groups. However, metabolism in right superior parietal cortex and left inferior anterior temporal cortex was correlated with improvements in attention/working memory, as measured with WAIS-III Digital Span within the active formulation group (r=-0.69, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS The placebo arm had declines in regions of the brain known to be significantly affected in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, while the active formulation group was spared such decline. This suggests a protective effect of grapes against early pathologic metabolic decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooyeon Lee
- Ahmanson Translational Imaging Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Nare Torosyan
- Ahmanson Translational Imaging Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Daniel H Silverman
- Ahmanson Translational Imaging Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, USA.
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Kishore L, Kaur N, Singh R. Renoprotective effect ofBacopa monnieri viainhibition of advanced glycation end products and oxidative stress in STZ-nicotinamide-induced diabetic nephropathy. Ren Fail 2016; 38:1528-1544. [DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2016.1227920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Ravikiran T, Sowbhagya R, Anupama SK, Anand S, Bhagyalakshmi D. Age-related changes in the brain antioxidant status: modulation by dietary supplementation of Decalepis hamiltonii and physical exercise. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 419:103-13. [PMID: 27379504 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The synergistic effects of physical exercise and diet have profound benefits on brain function. The present study was aimed to determine the effects of exercise and Decalepis hamiltonii (Dh) on age-related responses on the antioxidant status in discrete regions of rat brain. Male Wistar albino rats of 4 and 18 months old were orally supplemented with Dh extract and swim trained at 3 % intensity for 30 min/day, 5 days/week, for a period of 30 days. Supplementation of 100 mg Dh aqueous extract/kg body weight and its combination with exercise significantly elevated the antioxidant enzyme activities irrespective of age. Age-related and region-specific changes were observed in superoxide levels, and protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde contents, and were found to be decreased in both trained and supplemented groups. Levels of total thiols, protein, and nonprotein thiols decreased with age and significantly increased in the SW-T(+100 mg) groups. Our results demonstrated that the interactive effects of two treatments enhanced the antioxidant status and decreased the risk of protein and lipid oxidation in the rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tekupalli Ravikiran
- Department of Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, 560 056, India.
| | | | | | - Santosh Anand
- Department of Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, 560 056, India
| | - Dundaiah Bhagyalakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, 560 056, India
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Sakr HF, Abbas AM, Bin-Jaliah I. Modulation of the neurological and vascular complications by grape seed extract in a rat model of spinal cord ischemia–reperfusion injury by downregulation of both osteopontin and cyclooxygenase-2. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:719-27. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on the expression of osteopontin (OPN) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a rat model of spinal cord ischemia–reperfusion injury (SC-IRI). Fifty male rats were divided into 5 groups: control (CON); control + GSE (CON + GSE) (received GSE for 28 days); sham operated (Sham); IRI; and IRI + GSE. SC-IRI was induced by clamping the aorta just above the bifurcation for 45 min, and then the clamp was released for 48 h for reperfusion. IRI + GSE group received GSE for 28 days before SC-IRI. Sensory, motor, and placing/stepping reflex assessment was performed. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured in spinal cord homogenate. Immunohistochemical examination of the spinal cord for OPN and COX-2 were carried out. SC-IRI resulted in significant increase in plasma nitrite/nitrate level and spinal cord homogenate levels of TBARs and PGE2, and OPN and COX-2 expression with significant decrease in TAC. GSE improves the sensory and motor functions through decreasing OPN and COX-2 expression with reduction of oxidative stress parameters. We conclude a neuroprotective effect of GSE in SC-IRI through downregulating COX-2 and OPN expression plus its antioxidants effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein F. Sakr
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, KSA
| | - Amr M. Abbas
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah
- Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, KSA
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Bensalem J, Dal-Pan A, Gillard E, Calon F, Pallet V. Protective effects of berry polyphenols against age-related cognitive impairment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/nua-150051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bensalem
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- INRA, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Activ’Inside, 33500 Libourne, France
| | - Alexandre Dal-Pan
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Gillard
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Calon
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Véronique Pallet
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- INRA, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), 33000 Bordeaux, France
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Antiglycation and cell protective actions of metformin and glipizide in erythrocytes and monocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2016; 43:195-205. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-016-3947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cornejo F, von Bernhardi R. Age-Dependent Changes in the Activation and Regulation of Microglia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 949:205-226. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-40764-7_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Jivad N, Rabiei Z. A review study on medicinal plants used in the treatment of learning and memory impairments. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014apjtb-2014-0412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Thomas PA, Geraldine P, Jayakumar T. Pleurotus ostreatus, an edible mushroom, enhances glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, ascorbate peroxidase and reduces xanthine dehydrogenase in major organs of aged rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:646-654. [PMID: 24392756 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.863948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Aging is now considered to be associated with an elevation in oxidative damage to macromolecules and enhanced levels of inflammation. Therefore, inhibition of age-related oxidative stress by natural supplement is an important study. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the treatment with Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr) Kumm, (Pleurotaceae) can ameliorate oxidative damage in aged rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of six each: group 1, normal young rats; group 2, normal aged untreated rats; group 3, normal aged rats treated with P. ostreatus (200 mg/kg body wt administered intraperitoneally for 21 days). On the 22nd day, rats were sacrificed by decapitation; the liver, kidneys, heart and brain were removed from each rat for the biochemical and isozyme analyses of the antioxidant enzymes glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), ascorbate peroxidase (Apx) and xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH). RESULTS An elevated activity of XDH was observed in the liver (G2:13.72 ± 4.1 versus G1: 7.57 ± 1.15; p < 0.05), kidneys (G2:101.48 ± 12.3 versus G1: 31.15 ± 1.71; p < 0.01), heart (G2: 63.21 ± 3.96 versus G1: 37.3 ± 2.70; p < 0.01) and brain (G2: 39.02 ± 3.96 versus G1: 19.84 ± 1.22; p < 0.001). The activities of G6PDH and Apx were lowered in major organs of aged untreated rats. However, treatment of P. ostreatus to aged rats resulted in decreased XDH and increased G6PDH and Apx activities in liver, kidneys, heart and brain. Interestingly, analyses of isozyme pattern of these enzymes are support the results obtained from the spectrophotometric determinations. CONCLUSION These results suggest that an extract of P. ostreatus can protect the age-related oxidative damage in major organs of Wistar rats by enhancing the antioxidant enzymes G6PDH and Apx and by reducing XDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Aloysius Thomas
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Ophthalmology, Joseph Eye Hospital , Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu , India
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Lu X, Zhou Y, Wu T, Hao L. Ameliorative effect of black rice anthocyanin on senescent mice induced byd-galactose. Food Funct 2014; 5:2892-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00391h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the ameliorative effect of black rice anthocyanin (BACN) in senescent mice induced byd-galactose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Lu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Food Sciences & Bioengineering
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology
- Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yanhua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Food Sciences & Bioengineering
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology
- Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Food Sciences & Bioengineering
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology
- Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Lei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Food Sciences & Bioengineering
- Tianjin University of Science & Technology
- Tianjin 300457, PR China
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Effect of chronic treatment with conventional and organic purple grape juices (Vitis labrusca) on rats fed with high-fat diet. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2013; 33:1123-33. [PMID: 23989908 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-013-9978-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Serra Gaucha is described as the most important wine region of Brazil. Regarding cultivars widespread in the Serra Gaucha, about 90 % of the area is occupied by vines of Vitis labrusca that is the most important specie used in grape juice production. The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and neuroprotective effect of chronic intake of purple grape juice (organic and conventional) from Bordo variety (V. labrusca) on oxidative stress in different brain regions of rats supplemented with high-fat diet (HFD) for 3 months. A total of 40 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group 1 received a standard diet and water, group 2 HFD and water, group 3 HFD and conventional grape juice (CGJ), and group 4 HFD and organic grape juice (OGJ). All groups had free access to food and drink and after 3 months of treatment the rats were euthanized by decapitation and the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum isolated and homogenized on ice for oxidative stress analysis. We observed that the consumption of calories in HFD and control groups, were higher than the groups supplemented with HFD and grape juices and that HFD diet group gain more weight than the other animals. Our results also demonstrated that HDF enhanced lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and protein damage (carbonyl) in cerebral cortex and hippocampus, reduced the non-enzymatic antioxidants defenses (sulfhydryl) in cerebral cortex and cerebellum, reduced catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in all brain tissues and enhanced nitric oxide production in all cerebral tissues. CGJ and OGJ were able to ameliorate these oxidative alterations, being OGJ more effective in this protection. Therefore, grape juices could be useful in the treatment of some neurodegenerative diseases associated with oxidative damage.
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Jariyapamornkoon N, Yibchok-anun S, Adisakwattana S. Inhibition of advanced glycation end products by red grape skin extract and its antioxidant activity. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:171. [PMID: 23849496 PMCID: PMC3716656 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the present study was to determine the phytochemical content and the protective effect of red grape skin extract (RGSE) against fructose-mediated protein oxidation. In addition, RGSE was screened for its potential as an antioxidant using various in vitro models. METHODS Antioxidant activity was measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide radical scavenging activity, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ferrous ion chelating power. The total phenols content was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, the flavonoids content by the AlCl3 colorimetric method. Antiglycation activity was determined using the formation of AGE fluorescence intensity, Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine, and the level of fructosamine. The protein oxidation was examined using the level of protein carbonyl content and thiol group. RESULTS The results showed that the content of total phenolics, flavonoids and total anthocyanins in RGSE was 246.3 ± 0.9 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dried extract, 215.9 ± 1.3 mg catechin equivalent/g dried extract, and 36.7 ± 0.8 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent/g dried extract, respectively. In the DPPH radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and superoxide radical scavenging activity, RGSE had the IC50 values of 0.03 ± 0.01 mg/ml, 5.40 ± 0.01 mg/ml, and 0.58 ± 0.01 mg/ml, respectively. In addition, RGSE had trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay (395.65 ± 1.61 mg trolox equivalent/g dried extract), ferric reducing antioxidant power (114.24 ± 0.03 mM FeSO4/g dried extract), and ferrous ion chelating power (3,474.05 ± 5.55 mg EDTA/g dried extract), respectively. The results showed that RGSE at different concentrations (0.031-0.500 mg/ml) has significantly inhibited the formation of AGEs in terms of the fluorescence intensity of glycated BSA during 4 weeks of study. The RGSE markedly decreased the level of fructosamine, which is directly associated with the reduction of AGE formation and Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML). The results demonstrated the significant effect of RGSE on preventing protein oxidative damages, including effects on the thiol and protein carbonyl oxidation. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that RGSE would exert beneficial effects by virtue of its antioxidants and antiglycation. The findings could provide a new insight into the naturally occurring antiglycation properties of RGSE for preventing AGE-mediated diabetic complication.
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Isoferulic acid, a new anti-glycation agent, inhibits fructose- and glucose-mediated protein glycation in vitro. Molecules 2013; 18:6439-54. [PMID: 23722732 PMCID: PMC6270372 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18066439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory activity of isoferulic acid (IFA) on fructose- and glucose-mediated protein glycation and oxidation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated. Our data showed that IFA (1.25–5 mM) inhibited the formation of fluorescent advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and non-fluorescent AGE [Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysine: CML], as well as the level of fructosamine. IFA also prevented protein oxidation of BSA indicated by decreasing protein carbonyl formation and protein thiol modification. Furthermore, IFA suppressed the formation of β-cross amyloid structures of BSA. Therefore, IFA might be a new promising anti-glycation agent for the prevention of diabetic complications via inhibition of AGEs formation and oxidation-dependent protein damage.
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Comparison of α-synuclein immunoreactivity in the hippocampus between the adult and aged beagle dogs. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2012; 33:75-84. [PMID: 22972205 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-012-9873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn), as a neuroprotein, is expressed in neural tissue, and it is related to a synaptic transmission and neuronal plasticity. In this study, we compared the distribution and immunoreactivity of α-syn and related gliosis in hippocampus between young adult (2-3 years) and aged (10-12 years) beagle dogs. In both groups, α-syn immunoreactivity was detected in neuropil of all the hippocampal sub-regions, but not in neuronal somata. In the aged hippocampus, α-syn immunoreactivity was apparently increased in mossy fibers compared to that in the adult dog. In addition, α-syn protein level was markedly increased in the aged hippocampus. On the other hand, GFAP and Iba-1 immunoreactivity in astrocytes and microglia, respectively, were increased in all the hippocampal sub-regions of the aged group compared to that in the adult group: especially, their immunoreactivity was apparently increased around mossy fibers. In addition, in this study, we could not find any expression of α-syn in astrocytes and microglia. These results indicate that α-syn immunoreactivity apparently increases in the aged hippocampus and that GFAP and Iba-1 immunoreactivity are also apparently increased at the regions with increased α-syn immunoreactivity. This increase in α-syn expression might be a feature of normal aging.
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Zhao H, Niu Q, Li X, Liu T, Xu Y, Han H, Wang W, Fan N, Tian Q, Zhang H, Wang Z. Long-term resveratrol consumption protects ovariectomized rats chronically treated with d-galactose from developing memory decline without effects on the uterus. Brain Res 2012; 1467:67-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Stalmach A, Edwards CA, Wightman JD, Crozier A. Gastrointestinal stability and bioavailability of (poly)phenolic compounds following ingestion of Concord grape juice by humans. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 56:497-509. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Effects of grape seed extract, vitamin C, and vitamin e on ethanol- and aspirin-induced ulcers. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2011; 2011:740687. [PMID: 22162675 PMCID: PMC3226337 DOI: 10.1155/2011/740687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of GSE and vitamins C and E on aspirin- and ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and associated increases of lipid peroxidation in rats were compared. Two experiments were conducted. Rats were randomized into eight groups: a negative control and seven groups that received aspirin or ethanol for ulcer induction: one positive control (vehicle) and six with VC, VE, or GSE (25 and 250 mg/kg). Ulcer indexes and gastric levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were quantified. VC, VE, and GSE (25 and 250 mg/kg) decreased aspirin, and ethanol-induced ulcers and MDA values compared with positive control group. The magnitude of aspirin ulcer reduction was comparable for all treatments, and MDA decrease with GSE was higher than with VC and tended to be greater, albeit none significantly, than with VE. GSE was more effective than VC and VE for lowering the ethanol ulcers, while the decrease of MDA levels with GSE was greater than with VC, but comparable to that achieved with VE. GSE protected against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers more effectively than VC or VE, while its protection against aspirin ulcers was comparable for all treatments. GSE produced the greatest reductions of gastric MDA in both models.
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Martin R, Mozet C, Martin H, Welt K, Engel C, Fitzl G. The effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) on parameters of oxidative stress in different regions of aging rat brains after acute hypoxia. Aging Clin Exp Res 2011; 23:255-63. [PMID: 20802257 DOI: 10.1007/bf03337752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Neurodegenerative processes of aging seem to be associated with oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study investigates the influence of age and of acute respiratoric hypoxia on parameters of oxidative stress in different brain regions of Wistar rats and the protective effects of Ginkgo extract (EGb 761) as a radical scavenger. METHODS Biopsies of frontal and temporal cortices, the cerebellum, and the brainstem of young and old rats (each group n=6-8: normoxic - hypoxic; unprotected - EGb-protected) were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH) content, and creatine kinase (CK) activity. Experimental hypoxia: downregulation of oxygen partial pressure to 5 vol. % for 20 minutes. EGb administration: daily 100 mg/kg of body weight in drinking water for 3 months. RESULTS Effects of age: While most oxidative stress parameters in the temporal cortex, the cerebellum, and the brainstem are increased, this is not the case in the frontal cortex; after additional hypoxia SOD and GSH are diminished in the temporal cortex and the brainstem of old rats. EGb treatment causes contradictory alterations in young, old, and hypoxic brain regions. Minor effects are seen in old hypoxic brains, while there are some protective effects in old normoxic brainstems and cerebellums. CONCLUSIONS The old brain appears to adapt appropriately to chronic oxidative stress and to the specific conditions of shortterm hypoxia. EGb's protective effect is especially notable in the brainstem and the cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemarie Martin
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
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Oxidative stress induced by the Fe/ascorbic acid system or model ischemia in vitro: effect of carvedilol and pyridoindole antioxidant SMe1EC2 in young and adult rat brain tissue. Interdiscip Toxicol 2011; 3:122-6. [PMID: 21331177 PMCID: PMC3035568 DOI: 10.2478/v10102-010-0051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
New effective strategies and new highly effective neuroprotective agents are being searched for the therapy of human stroke and cerebral ischemia. The compound SMe1EC2 is a new derivative of stobadine, with enhanced antioxidant properties compared to the maternal drug. Carvedilol, a non-selective beta-blocker, possesses besides its cardioprotective and vasculoprotective properties also an antioxidant effect. We compared the effect of carvedilol and SMe1EC2, antioxidants with a similar chemical structure, in two experimental models of oxidative stress in young and adult rat brain tissue. SMe1EC2 was found to improve the resistance of hippocampal neurons to ischemia in vitro in young and even in 18-month-old rats and inhibited formation of protein carbonyl groups induced by the Fe2+/ascorbic acid pro-oxidative system in brain cortex homogenates of young rats. Carvedilol exerted a protective effect only in the hippocampus of 2-month-old rats and that at the concentration 10-times higher than did SMe1EC2. The inhibitory effect of carvedilol on protein carbonyl formation induced by the pro-oxidative system was not proved in the cortex of either young or adult rats. An increased baseline level of the content of protein carbonyl groups in the adult versus young rat brain cortex confirmed age-related changes in neuronal tissue and may be due to increased production of reactive oxygen species and low antioxidant defense mechanisms in the adult rat brain. The results revealed the new pyridoindole SMe1EC2 to be more effective than carvedilol in neuroprotection of rat brain tissue in both experimental models involving oxidative stress.
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Linardaki ZI, Vasilopoulou CG, Constantinou C, Iatrou G, Lamari FN, Margarity M. Differential antioxidant effects of consuming tea from Sideritis clandestina subsp. peloponnesiaca on cerebral regions of adult mice. J Med Food 2011; 14:1060-4. [PMID: 21480805 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and aging. Many species of the genus Sideritis (mountain tea) are widely consumed in the Mediterranean region as herbal tea. This study evaluated the effect of supplementation of mice with herbal tea from Sideritis clandestina subsp. peloponnesiaca on the antioxidant status of different brain regions. To select the most bioactive herbal tea, the polyphenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu method) and the antioxidant properties (ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP] and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays) of several taxa and different populations of the S. clandestina infusions were measured in vitro. Male adult mice had ad libitum access to water (control) or the herbal tea (4% w/v) for 6 weeks. At the end of the treatment period we assessed the total antioxidant power (FRAP assay) and the levels of malondialdehyde (indicator of lipid peroxidation) and reduced glutathione in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and midbrain. These biochemical measures have also been determined in liver samples used as a comparative reference peripheral tissue. Consumption of 4% herbal tea increased the total antioxidant power of the midbrain by 72% (P<.05); a significant (P<.05) decrease in malondialdehyde levels and increase in reduced glutathione content of the cerebellum (78% and 27%, respectively) and midbrain (59% and 32%, respectively) were also observed. These findings indicate that mountain tea consumption enhances the antioxidant defense of the adult rodent brain in a region-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharoula I Linardaki
- Laboratory of Human and Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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Zhao HF, Li Q, Li Y. Long-term ginsenoside administration prevents memory loss in aged female C57BL/6J mice by modulating the redox status and up-regulating the plasticity-related proteins in hippocampus. Neuroscience 2011; 183:189-202. [PMID: 21463662 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Memory impairment is considered to be one of the most prominent consequences of aging. Deterioration of memory begins in advance of old age in animals, including humans. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or free radicals-induced oxidative stress which is the major age-related changes, can lead to hippocampus damage and increase vulnerability to impaired learning and memory. Ginsenoside, the effective ingredient of ginseng, has been reported to have a neuron beneficial effect. In the present study, C57BL/6J mice aged 12 months were chronically treated with ginsenoside (three dose groups were given ginsenoside in drinking water for 8 months, the concentration of ginsenoside in drinking water was 0.028%, 0.056%, and 0.112% (w/v), respectively). Placebo-treated aged mice and young ones (4 months old) were used as controls. The efficacious effect of ginsenoside was manifested in the amelioration of memory impairment in aged mice by Morris water maze and step-down tests. Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) have been used as the biomarkers of oxidative stress. In ginsenoside treated groups, the activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px markedly increased, and the levels of TBARS and the content of protein carbonyl decreased significantly in serum and in hippocampus. The activation of lipofuscin formation, disruption or loss of cristae in mitochondria, the irregular nucleus and condensed chromatin laid against the nuclear membrane in pyramidal cells of hippocampal CA1 region, which are all related to oxidative stress, were also reduced after ginsenoside treatment. Processes of memory formation and functional plasticity are associated with postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95), protein kinase Cγ subunit (PKCγ) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). In the present study, we found that long-term ginsenoside treatment prevented age-related reductions of PSD-95, PKCγ, and BDNF in the hippocampus. These results demonstrated that long-term ginsenoside administration may prevent memory loss in aged C57BL/6J mice by modulating the redox status and up-regulating the plasticity-related proteins in hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
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Ahn JH, Choi JH, Kim JS, Lee HJ, Lee CH, Yoo KY, Hwang IK, Lee YL, Shin HC, Won MH. Comparison of immunoreactivities in 4-HNE and superoxide dismutases in the cervical and the lumbar spinal cord between adult and aged dogs. Exp Gerontol 2011; 46:703-8. [PMID: 21396438 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Aging shows slowly progressive changes and is associated with many functional and morphological changes in the central nervous system. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species causes age-related deterioration in neuronal function and contributes to the increase of disease susceptibility during normal aging. In the present study, we compared the neuronal distribution and immunoreactivities of 4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal (4-HNE, end product of lipid peroxidation), and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and SOD2 in the cervical and lumbar spinal cord between adult (2-3 years) and aged (10-12 years) dogs. No significant change in neuronal morphology was observed after cresyl violet staining. The number of NeuN (a marker for neurons)-immunoreactive neurons was not significantly changed in the aged group compare to the adult group. In addition, we could not find Fluoro-Jade B (a marker for degenerating neurons) positive cells in both the adult and aged dogs. However, numbers of 4-HNE-, SOD1- and SOD2-immunoreactive cells were significantly increased in both the cervical and lumbar spinal cord of the aged dog: The increase rates of these cells in the aged spinal cord were higher in the lumbar level than the cervical level. In brief, 4-HNE, SOD1 and SOD2 levels are much increased in the aged spinal cord compared to the adult spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation Science, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 712-714, South Korea
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Janle EM, Lila MA, Grannan M, Wood L, Higgins A, Yousef GG, Rogers RB, Kim H, Jackson GS, Ho L, Weaver CM. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of 14C-labeled grape polyphenols in the periphery and the central nervous system following oral administration. J Med Food 2010; 13:926-33. [PMID: 20673061 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Grape polyphenols confer potential health benefits, including prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. To determine the absorption and tissue distribution of the complex grape polyphenol mixture, (14)C-labeled polyphenols were biosynthesized by grape cell suspension cultures, during co-incubation with radioisotopically labeled sucrose, and fractionated into polyphenolic subfractions. The pharmacokinetics and distribution of grape polyphenols into blood, brain, and peripheral interstitial fluid were determined by tracking the (14)C label. The blood peak (14)C concentration of the fractions ranged from 15 minutes to 4 hours. Absorption and tissue distribution varied greatly between fractions. Concentrations in interstitial fluid were lower than in blood. The amount of residual label in the brain at 24 hours ranged from 0.1% to 1.7% of the dose, depending on the fraction. (14)C label found in the brain tissue and brain microdialysate indicated that grape polyphenols or their metabolites are able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Using (14)C-labeled plant polyphenols it is possible to track the compounds or their metabolic products into any tissue and determine distribution patterns in spite of low concentrations. A central question regarding the potential role of dietary polyphenolics in neurodegenerative research is whether they are bioavailable in the brain. Our observations indicate that some grape-derived polyphenolics do reach the brain, which suggests their potential value for applications in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa M Janle
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2059, USA.
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