1
|
Sharma P, Khera K. A novel tool for risk assessment, screening, diagnosis, assessment, and therapy in postpartum depression. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024; 166:617-625. [PMID: 38343269 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD), as a common condition occurring in women in the postnatal period, is underdiagnosed, seldom identified, and infrequently treated. Undiagnosed PPD can have negative consequences for overall quality-of-life outcomes in the mother, psychological growth of the infant, and bonding between the infant and its mother. However, early diagnosis and prompt treatment of PPD can lead to an improvement in postpartum maternal health and a healthier relationship between the mother and her infant. Additionally, early identification of risk factors in the prenatal and antenatal period can enable preventive treatment and ensure that the expectant or pregnant woman remains free of disease after giving birth. Therefore, we propose a protocol for the risk assessment, screening, diagnosis, assessment, and therapy of postnatal depression (RASDAT). The RASDAT protocol recommends assessment of risk factors for PPD in the perinatal period as well as early diagnosis and treatment in the early-to-mid postpartum period. It also recognizes, for the first time, insomnia and anxiety as important predictors, comorbidities, and poor prognostic factors in postpartum depression. Further studies are necessary to determine the feasibility and applicability of this novel tool, including costs of availing health facilities, burden on the health system, and knowledge, attitudes, and practices among physicians and clinical pharmacists regarding PPD and its resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Kanav Khera
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sahebi A, Kheiry M, Abdi K, Qomi M, Golitaleb M. Postpartum depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: an umbrella review and meta-analyses. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1393737. [PMID: 39050914 PMCID: PMC11266160 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1393737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased anxiety, stress, and depression, which could have harmful consequences for pregnant women. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of postpartum depression during COVID-19 using an umbrella review and meta-analysis. Methods The current study followed the PRISMA guideline and utilized data from various sources such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The searches were conducted without a time limit until the end of May 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model, heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 index, and publication bias was evaluated using Begg's test. Data analysis was carried out using STATA software (version 15). Results In this study, 243 articles were initially identified. Only meta-analysis studies that reported PPD during COVID-19 were included. After quality assessment, nine papers were selected for the meta-analysis stage. The study found that the prevalence postpartum depression (PPD) was 25.27% (95% CI = 23.66-27.86, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.549). Conclusion The findings of this study revealed that the incidence of PPD during the COVID-19 pandemic was relatively high. To decrease mental health issues among pregnant and postpartum women, healthcare professionals should implement community programs aimed at preventing, promptly identifying, and providing appropriate intervention for pregnant women. This is crucial as pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to psychological distress during infectious disease outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sahebi
- Department of Medical Emergencies and Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iraq
| | - Maryam Kheiry
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iraq
| | - Kame Abdi
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulimaniya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mahla Qomi
- Department of Nursing, Shazand School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mohamad Golitaleb
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cardaci V, Carminati M, Tondello M, Pecorino B, Serretti A, Zanardi R. Understanding and treating postpartum depression: a narrative review. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2024:00004850-990000000-00143. [PMID: 38941162 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is an increasingly prevalent but still poorly characterized disorder. Causal and modulating factors include hormones fluctuations, such as estrogen, progesterone, and allopregnolone, pathways imbalances, such as oxytocin and kynurenine, chronobiological factors, and brain imaging alterations. Treatment may differ from the traditional major depression management, while selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as sertraline are commonly used and suggested by guidelines, neurosteroids such as brexanolone and the more convenient zuranolone have been recently approved. Newer neurosteroids such as ganaxolone, valaxanolone, and lysaxanolone are currently under development, but also esketamine and psychedelics are promising potential treatments. Other somatic treatments including brain stimulation techniques and light therapy also showed benefit. PPD is therefore increasingly understood as, at least partially, independent from major depressive disorder. Specific and individualized treatments including pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies are progressively being introduced in the routine clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Cardaci
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan
| | - Matteo Carminati
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan
| | - Mattia Tondello
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan
| | - Basilio Pecorino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, Enna
| | | | - Raffaella Zanardi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood Disorder Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiao M, Huang S, Liu Y, Tang G, Hu Y, Fu B, Lei J. Stigma and its influencing factors for seeking professional psychological help among pregnant women: A cross-sectional study. Midwifery 2024; 132:103973. [PMID: 38442529 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2024.103973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the stigma associated with seeking professional psychological help has received significant attention, few studies have focused on the status and factors influencing this stigma among pregnant women, especially those with a Chinese cultural background. This study aimed to assess the status of stigma associated with seeking professional psychological help and its influencing factors. METHODS A total of 1325 pregnant women were recruited from Hunan Province, China. The Stigma for Seeking Professional Psychological Help questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Perceived Social Support Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics and pregnancy-related information were used. Descriptive, univariate, correlation, and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to investigate the status of stigma and identify its influencing factors. FINDINGS Pregnant Chinese women experienced a mild to moderate level of stigma associated with seeking professional psychological help, and self-stigma was more common than social stigma associated with seeking psychological help. The results of the multivariate analysis suggested that perceived social support, positive coping styles, negative coping styles, and depressive symptoms were the factors influencing self-stigma and social stigma associated with seeking professional psychological help. Advanced age and a low educational level were the only predictors associated with self-stigma, while a history of multiple pregnancies had an effect only on social stigma associated with seeking professional psychological help. CONCLUSION Chinese pregnant women experienced a mild to moderate level of stigma associated with seeking professional psychological help. Destigmatizing interventions focusing on self-stigma and social stigma should be designed according to maternal characteristics, social support, coping style, and depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meili Xiao
- Department of Nursing, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, 371 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Sasa Huang
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Xiang Ya Nursing School of Central South University, 172 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yongrong Liu
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Guanxiu Tang
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Ying Hu
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Xiang Ya Nursing School of Central South University, 172 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Bing Fu
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jun Lei
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ghaedrahmati M, Alipour Z. The Association between Post-Partum Depression and Nutrition and Dietary Patterns: Systematic Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2024; 29:280-289. [PMID: 39100402 PMCID: PMC11296595 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_163_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Background Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a common illness with long-term effects on mother and child. Nutrition is a crucial factor in mental health, but research findings on its connection to PPD are inconsistent. This review aims to explore the correlation between PPD and dietary patterns. Materials and Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, ISI and ISI/Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Iranian databases such as Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and IRANDOC from 2003 to 2020. Our search was based on the keywords "postpartum depression" and "nutrition, vitamin D, Folic acid, iron, zinc, and vitamins." We applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist to select articles based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of the 100 articles identified, only 24 articles met our criteria and were selected for further analysis. Results Research suggests that low levels of vitamin D, iron, folate, and carbohydrates, and an unhealthy diet lacking in vegetables are potential causes of PPD. However, the impact of zinc, omega-3 essential fatty acids, and other nutrients such as antioxidants, vitamin E, and vitamin C on PPD is unclear due to conflicting information. Additionally, limited research has been conducted on the association between group B vitamins and PPD. Conclusions In conclusion, we can lower the risk of PPD by providing dietary guidance and working with healthcare providers. It is important to pay attention to our diet and make sure we are consuming enough vitamins and nutrients to support our mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghaedrahmati
- Ph.D of Reproductive Health, Narges Social Security Organization, Dorood, Lorestan, Iran
| | - Zahra Alipour
- Assistant Professor of Reproductive Health Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Andres EB, Du X, Pang SSL, Liang JN, Ye J, Lee MH, Tarrant M, Yung SSF, Johnston JM, Lok KYW, Quan J. Extended Paid Maternity Leave Associated With Improved Maternal Mental Health In Hong Kong. Health Aff (Millwood) 2024; 43:707-716. [PMID: 38709965 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2023.00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
In July 2020, Hong Kong extended statutory paid maternity leave from ten weeks to fourteen weeks to align with International Labour Organization standards. We used the policy enactment as an observational natural experiment to assess the mental health implications of this policy change on probable postnatal depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scores of 10 or higher) and postpartum emotional well-being. Using an opportunistic observational study design, we recruited 1,414 survey respondents with births before (August 1-December 10, 2020) and after (December 11, 2020-July 18, 2022) policy implementation. Participants had a mean age of thirty-two, were majority primiparous, and were mostly working in skilled occupations. Our results show that the policy was associated with a 22 percent decrease in mothers experiencing postnatal depressive symptoms and a 33 percent decrease in postpartum emotional well-being interference. Even this modest change in policy, an additional four weeks of paid leave, was associated with significant mental health benefits. Policy makers should consider extending paid maternity leave to international norms to improve mental health among working mothers and to support workforce retention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinyu Du
- Xinyu Du, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | | | - Jiaxi Ye
- Jiaxi Ye, University of Hong Kong
| | | | - Marie Tarrant
- Marie Tarrant, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gupta M, Patra M, Hamiduzzaman M, McLaren H, Patmisari E. Social Support Postpartum: Bengali Women from India on Their Coping Experiences following Childbirth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:557. [PMID: 38791772 PMCID: PMC11121678 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21050557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Undertaken in Kolkata, India, our study aimed to explore the experiences of Bengali middle-class women on perceived stressful events, social support, and coping experiences following childbirth. Becoming a mother following childbirth is a shared phenomenon irrespective of culture, social strata, or country, while stress during the postpartum period or depression is not. Discrete medical intervention does not sufficiently address the complexities of postpartum experiences since influencing factors also include economic, political, cultural, and social backgrounds. Adopting a feminist and phenomenological approach, individual in-person interviews were conducted with twenty women recruited via snowball sampling. Our findings revealed that events experienced as stressful may lead to poor postpartum well-being. Underpinned by gendered discourse and biases, stressful events included familial imperatives for a male child, poor social and emotional support from the family, mostly partners and fathers, and systemic workplace barriers. The women in our study commonly resided with their mothers postpartum. They expressed feeling sheltered from these experiences, cared for, and supported. We discuss the women's experiences from a feminist pragmatic worldview, which advocates for a flexible feminism recognizant of the unique and nurturing relationship experiences between Bengali middle-class women and their mothers. In conclusion, we advocate for culturally sensitive, women-centered postpartum care practices that may entail the inclusion of intergenerational care during this critical phase of maternal well-being. These insights underscore the necessity of tailoring postpartum support systems to align with the cultural and familial contexts of the individuals they serve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Gupta
- Department of Anthropology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Government College, West Bengal State University, Rajarhat, Kolkata 7000163, India;
| | - Mahua Patra
- Department of Sociology, Maulana Azad College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700013, India;
| | - Mohammad Hamiduzzaman
- University Centre for Rural Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
| | - Helen McLaren
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Emi Patmisari
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Al‐Mamun F, Sultana MS, Momo MA, Malakar J, Bahar SB, Uddin I, Murshida M, Akter MM, Begum MM, Nodi TS, Al Habib A, Kaggwa MM, Roy N, Mamun MA. Exploring the burden of postpartum depression in urban Bangladesh: Prevalence and its associations with pregnancy-related factors from a cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2035. [PMID: 38655422 PMCID: PMC11035751 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Postpartum depression (PPD) is a globally recognized public health concern, yet research focusing on women in urban areas of Bangladesh remains unexplored. This study aimed to address this research gap by investigating the prevalence and associated factors of PPD within the first 2 years after childbirth. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, enrolling 259 women (26.66 ± 4.57 years) residing in urban areas who were attending healthcare delivery centers. Sociodemographic factors, child-related issues, pregnancy-related complications, and PPD using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were used for data collection. Data analysis involved the application of χ 2 tests and logistic regression analysis using SPSS software. Results This study found a 60.6% prevalence of PPD using a cutoff of 10 (out of 30) on the EPDS scale. Logistic regression analysis identified several significant factors associated with PPD, including high monthly family income (odds ratio [OR] = 47.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.34-270.54, p < 0.001), income dissatisfaction (OR = 14.28, 95% CI: 4.75-42.87, p < 0.001), up to two gravidities (OR = 2.94, 95% CI = 1.25-6.90, p = 0.013), pregnancy-related complications (OR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.05-6.96, p = 0.039), increased antenatal care visits, and higher childbirth expenses. Conclusion This study underscores the high prevalence of PPD among urban mothers in Bangladesh. The identified risk factors emphasize the need for targeted mental health initiatives, specifically tailored to support the vulnerable group. Implementing such initiatives can effectively address the challenges posed by PPD and enhance the well-being of postpartum women in urban areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Firoj Al‐Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Department of Public Health and InformaticsJahangirnagar University, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Department of Public HealthUniversity of South AsiaDhakaBangladesh
| | - Most Sabiha Sultana
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Dhaka Central International Medical College and HospitalDhakaBangladesh
| | | | - Jyotie Malakar
- Department of Maternal and Child HealthNational Institute of Preventive and Social MedicineDhakaBangladesh
| | - Saad Bin Bahar
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Department of Public HealthUniversity of South AsiaDhakaBangladesh
- BGC Trust Medical CollegeUniversity of ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | - Imtiaz Uddin
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Department of SociologyUniversity of ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | - Murshida Murshida
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Department of Public Health and InformaticsJahangirnagar University, SavarDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mst. Morsheda Akter
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Department of AnthropologyJagannath UniversityDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mst. Mohsina Begum
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, BangladeshDhakaBangladesh
| | - Tasmin Sayeed Nodi
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Department of Public Health and InformaticsJahangirnagar University, SavarDhakaBangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Habib
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Department of Government and PoliticsJahangirnagar University, SavarDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mark M. Kaggwa
- Department of PsychiatryMbarara University of Science and TechnologyMbararaUganda
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral NeurosciencesMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Nitai Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Food AnalysisPatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityPatuakhaliBangladesh
| | - Mohammed A. Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Department of Public Health and InformaticsJahangirnagar University, SavarDhakaBangladesh
- Department of Public HealthUniversity of South AsiaDhakaBangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Botchway-Commey EN, Adonteng-Kissi O, Meribe N, Chisanga D, Moustafa AA, Tembo A, Baffour FD, Gatwiri K, Doyle AK, Mwanri L, Osuagwu UL. Mental health and mental health help-seeking behaviors among first-generation voluntary African migrants: A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298634. [PMID: 38498578 PMCID: PMC10947684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental health challenges are highly prevalent in African migrants. However, understanding of mental health outcomes in first-generation voluntary African migrants is limited, despite the unique challenges faced by this migrant subgroup. This review aimed to synthesize the literature to understand the mental health challenges, help-seeking behavior, and the relationship between mental health and mental health help-seeking behavior in first-generation voluntary African migrants living outside Africa. METHODS Medline Complete, EMBASE, CINAHL Complete, and APA PsychINFO were searched for studies published between January 2012 to December 2023. Retrieved articles were processed, data from selected articles were extracted and synthesized to address the study aims, and included studies were evaluated for risk of bias. RESULTS Eight studies were included, including four quantitative and four qualitative studies, which focused on women with postnatal depression. Mental health challenges reported in the quantitative studies were depression, interpersonal disorders, and work-related stress. Risk (e.g., neglect from health professionals and lack of social/spousal support) and protective (e.g., sensitivity of community services and faith) factors associated with mental health were identified. Barriers (e.g., cultural beliefs about mental health and racial discrimination) and facilitators (sensitizing African women about mental health) of mental health help-seeking behavior were also identified. No significant relationship was reported between mental health and mental health help-seeking behavior, and the risk of bias results indicated some methodological flaws in the studies. CONCLUSION This review shows the dearth of research focusing on mental health and help-seeking behavior in this subgroup of African migrants. The findings highlight the importance of African migrants, especially mothers with newborns, examining cultural beliefs that may impact their mental health and willingness to seek help. Receiving countries should also strive to understand the needs of first-generation voluntary African migrants living abroad and offer mental health support that is patient-centered and culturally sensitive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edith N. Botchway-Commey
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Brain and Mind Group, Clinical Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Obed Adonteng-Kissi
- School of Arts and Humanities, Edith Cowan University, Southwest Campus, Bunbury, Australia
| | - Nnaemeka Meribe
- Department of Politics, Media and Philosophy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Chisanga
- Department of Energy Environment and Climate Action, Agriculture Victoria, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ahmed A. Moustafa
- Faculty of Society and Design, School of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- The Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Agness Tembo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Darkwa Baffour
- School of Humanities, Social Science and Creative Industries, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathomi Gatwiri
- Faculty of Health, Centre for Children & Young People, Southern Cross University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Aunty Kerrie Doyle
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Aboriginal Health and Wellbeing CAG, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lillian Mwanri
- Centre for Public Health Research Equity and Human Flourishing, Torrens University Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Aboriginal Health and Wellbeing CAG, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
- Bathurst Rural Clinical School, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Priya T, Kaushal S, Dogra P, Dogra V. Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression in sub-Himalayan region. Med J Armed Forces India 2024; 80:161-165. [PMID: 38525452 PMCID: PMC10954492 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common problem faced by women after childbirth. The adverse effects of PPD upon the maternal-infant relationship and child development reinforce the need for early identification and effective treatment models. This study intends to add to the existing knowledge about the prevalence of PPD and its associated risk factors in the hilly region in Himachal Pradesh. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 426 women presenting for a postpartum visit at 6 weeks postpartum. Sociodemographic characteristics were recorded on a pretested questionnaire. Women were screened for postpartum depression using a validated EPDS (Edinburgh postnatal depression scale) prestructured questionnaire with 10 questions. Women were divided into two groups based on screening results. Results The overall prevalence of PPD in the study was 17.4%. Out of sociodemographic factors, age (0.010) and family structure (0.008) were found to be significant. Nuclear family women were more prone to PPD. Domestic abuse (<0.001) is also a leading factor for PPD. By comparing obstetric and gender issues, it was found that the total number of previous living children (p-value <0.001), gender of previous living children (<0.001), and gender of newborns (<0.001) are the major determining factors of PPD. Another factor that was significantly related to PPD was an unwanted pregnancy. Conclusions We have found a high prevalence of PPD in our region that does not have screening protocols for the screening of such patients. We, therefore, propose routine screening for postpartum depression at 6 weeks postpartum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanu Priya
- Senior Resident (Obstetrics & Gynaecology), Dr. RPGMC Tanda, Kangra, HP, India
| | - Sushruti Kaushal
- Assistant Professor (Obstetrics & Gynaecology), AIIMS, Bilaspur, HP, India
| | - Poojan Dogra
- Associate Professor, SLBS Government Medical College NerChowk, Mandi, HP, India
| | - Vinay Dogra
- Assistant Professor (Endocrinology), Dr. RPGMC Tanda, Kangra, HP, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Withers M, Trop J, Bayalag M, Schriger SH, Ganbold S, Doripurev D, Davaasambuu E, Bat-Erdene U, Gendenjamts B. "They should ask about our feelings": Mongolian women's experiences of postpartum depression. Transcult Psychiatry 2023; 60:1005-1016. [PMID: 37731351 DOI: 10.1177/13634615231187256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Between 16 and 20% of perinatal women in low- and middle-income countries experience depression. Addressing postpartum depression (PPD) requires an appreciation of how it manifests and is understood in different cultural settings. This study explores postpartum Mongolian women's perceptions and experiences of PPD. We conducted interviews with 35 postpartum women who screened positive for possible depression to examine: (1) personal experiences of pregnancy/childbirth; (2) perceived causes and symptoms of PPD; and (3) strategies for help/support for women experiencing PPD. Unless extreme, depression was not viewed as a disease but rather as a natural condition following childbirth. Differences between a biomedical model of PPD and local idioms of distress could explain why awareness about PPD was low. The most reported PPD symptom was emotional volatility expressed as anger and endorsement of fear- or anxiety-related screening questions, suggesting that these might be especially relevant in the Mongolian context. Psychosocial factors, as opposed to biological, were common perceived causes of PPD, especially interpersonal relationship problems, financial strain, and social isolation. Possible barriers to PPD recognition/treatment included lack of awareness about the range of symptoms, reluctance to initiate discussions with providers about mental health, and lack of PPD screening practices by healthcare providers. We conclude that educational campaigns should be implemented in prenatal/postnatal clinics and pediatric settings to help women and families identify PPD symptoms, and possibly destigmatize PPD. Healthcare providers can also help to identify women with PPD through communication with women and families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mellissa Withers
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Justin Trop
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Munkhuu Bayalag
- National Center for Maternal and Child Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Simone H Schriger
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Solongo Ganbold
- National Center for Maternal and Child Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | | | - Undral Bat-Erdene
- National Center for Maternal and Child Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun Y, Chia SC, Shi Y. How Exposure to Online Parenting Content Relates to Mothers' Self-Discrepancy and Postpartum Mental Health. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 38:2782-2794. [PMID: 36127777 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2022.2114769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Postpartum mental health problems are common and have deleterious effects on new mothers and their babies. This study developed a theoretically informed model of the relationship between exposure to images of motherhood in online parenting content and mothers' postpartum mental health. The model was tested using survey data collected from 509 Chinese mothers during their 12-month postpartum period. The results revealed that greater exposure to online public parenting content was indirectly related to lower levels of shame among new mothers via two mediators: the presumed influence of parenting media content on their partners, and the mothers' perceptions of the discrepancy between their actual selves as mothers and their partners' expectations of an ideal mother (i.e. actual/own - ideal/partner self-discrepancy). In contrast, increased exposure to online private parenting content shared by peers was indirectly related to increased levels of shame among new mothers via the mediation of social comparison with parenting media images, and of the mothers' perceptions of the discrepancy between their actual selves as mothers and their own expectations of an ideal mother (i.e. actual/own - ideal/own self-discrepancy). Additionally, new mothers were more likely to experience depressive symptoms and shame if they felt that they fell short of their partners' expectations of an ideal mother. However, increased social support reduced the anxiety and shame that stemmed from this belief.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Sun
- School of Journalism and Communication, Hunan University
| | - Stella C Chia
- Department of Media and Communication, City University of Hong Kong
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pillai L, Srivastava S, Ajin A, Rana SS, Mathkor DM, Haque S, M Tambuwala M, Ahmad F. Etiology and incidence of postpartum depression among birthing women in the scenario of pandemics, geopolitical conflicts and natural disasters: a systematic review. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2023; 44:2278016. [PMID: 38050938 DOI: 10.1080/0167482x.2023.2278016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is classified under postpartum psychiatric disorders and initiates soon after birthing, eliciting neuropsychological and behavioral deficits in mothers and offspring. Globally, PPD is estimated to be associated with 130-190 per 1000 birthing. The severity and incidences of PPD have aggravated in the recent years due to the several unfavorable environmental and geopolitical circumstances. The purpose of this systematic review hence is to explore the contributions of recent circumstances on the pathogenesis and incidence of PPD. The search, selection and retrieval of the articles published during the last three years were systematically performed. The results from the primary studies indicate that unfavorable contemporary socio-geopolitical and environmental circumstances (e.g. Covid-19 pandemic, political conflicts/wars, and natural calamities; such as floods and earthquakes) detrimentally affect PPD etiology. A combination of socio-economic and psychological factors, including perceived lack of support and anxiousness about the future may contribute to drastic aggravation of PPD incidences. Finally, we outline some of the potential treatment regimens (e.g. inter-personal psycho- and art-based therapies) that may prove to be effective in amelioration of PPD-linked symptoms in birthing women, either alone or in complementation with traditional pharmacological interventions. We propose these psychological and art-based intervention strategies may beneficially counteract the negative influences of the unfortunate recent events across multiple cultures, societies and geographical regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Pillai
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Shayna Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Akhil Ajin
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Sandeep Singh Rana
- Department of Biosciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Darin Mansor Mathkor
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln, UK
| | - Faraz Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lok KYW, Chow CLY, Tan SW, Smith R, Lin J, Kong CW, Fong DYT. Evaluating the diagnostic properties of the Whooley questionnaire as a case-finding instrument for depression among Chinese women during and after pregnancy. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2023; 44:2132930. [PMID: 36240050 DOI: 10.1080/0167482x.2022.2132930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: There is a rising prevalence in undetected perinatal depression in many countries, more effort in screening and early identification of perinatal depression is needed. While the Whooley questionnaire is the recommended case-finding strategy for perinatal depression, there is no validated Chinese version. The aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and stability of the translated Chinese Whooley questionnaire against gold standard measurement during and early after pregnancy.Materials and Methods: This observational study recruited 131 pregnant women from an antenatal clinic in Hong Kong from September 2019 to May 2020. We translated the Whooley questionnaire in Chinese and evaluated self-reported responses against an interviewer-assessed diagnostic standard (DSM-IV criteria) in 107 women at 26-28 gestational weeks. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio, with DSM-IV diagnosis as the gold standard.Results: The Chinese Whooley questions had a sensitivity of 79% (95% CI 54.4-93.9), a specificity of 97% (95% CI 90.4-99.3), a positive likelihood ratio of 23.2 (95% CI 7.4-72.1) and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.2 (95% CI 0.1-0.5) in identifying perinatal depression.Conclusion: The translated Chinese Whooley questionnaire has an acceptable diagnostic accuracy in identifying perinatal depression. It can be implemented in health services among Cantonesespeaking Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kris Y W Lok
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Charlotte L Y Chow
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shirley Waner Tan
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Robert Smith
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jingxia Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Choi Wah Kong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Daniel Y T Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vidyasagaran AL, McDaid D, Faisal MR, Nasir M, Muliyala KP, Thekkumkara S, Wright J, Huque R, Benkalkar S, Siddiqi N. Prevalence of mental disorders in South Asia: A systematic review of reviews. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2023; 10:e78. [PMID: 38161740 PMCID: PMC10755414 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders are increasing in South Asia (SA), but their epidemiological burden is under-researched. We carried out a systematic umbrella review to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders and intentional self-harm in the region. Multiple databases were searched and systematic reviews reporting the prevalence of at least one mental disorder from countries in SA were included. Review data were narratively synthesised; primary studies of common mental disorders (CMDs) among adults were identified from a selected subset of reviews and pooled. We included 124 reviews. The majority (n = 65) reported on mood disorders, followed by anxiety disorders (n = 45). High prevalence of mental disorders and intentional self-harm was found in general adult and vulnerable populations. Two reviews met our pre-defined criteria for identifying primary studies of CMDs. Meta-analysis of 25 primary studies showed a pooled prevalence of 16.0% (95% CI = 11.0-22.0%, I 2 = 99.9%) for depression, 12.0% (5.0-21.0%, I 2 = 99.9%) for anxiety, and 14.0% (10.0-19.0, I 2 = 99.9%) for both among the general adult population; pooled estimates varied by country and assessment tool used. Overall, reviews suggest high prevalence for mental disorders in SA, but evidence is limited on conditions other than CMDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David McDaid
- Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | | | - Muhammad Nasir
- Department of Economics, Institute of Business Administration (IBA), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Krishna P. Muliyala
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Judy Wright
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Najma Siddiqi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gebeyehu NA, Tegegne KD, Abebe K, Asefa Y, Assfaw BB, Adella GA, Alemu BW, Sewyew DA. Global prevalence of post-abortion depression: systematic review and Meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:786. [PMID: 37884930 PMCID: PMC10605843 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression after abortion is a common problem for all women of reproductive age. However, there are not any data on post-abortion depression at a global level. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to find out the global prevalence of post-abortion depression. METHODS The present study involved a comprehensive search of several databases, including Science Direct, Scopus, EMBSE, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The search was conducted between February 1, 2023, and March 10, 2023. The data was extracted using Microsoft Excel (version 14) and analyzed using STATA statistical software. To evaluate publication bias, a forest plot, Begg's test, and Egger's test were employed. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2, and a pooled estimated analysis was conducted. Additionally, subgroup analysis was performed based on the study continent/region, World Bank income group, screening instrument, and study design. RESULTS This analysis included 15 papers with a total of 18,207 research participants out of a total of 657 articles. The overall pooled prevalence of post-abortion depression was found to be 34.5% (95% CI: 23.34, 45.68), with an I2 value of 71.6%. The prevalence of post-abortion depression varied based on geographic location, World Health Organization (WHO) regions, World Bank income category, screening approach, and study design. The highest proportion of post-abortion depression was observed in Asia (37.5%), while the WHO's Eastern Mediterranean region had the greatest rate of post-abortion depression (43.1%). Lower-middle-income countries had the highest frequency of post-abortion depression (42.91%) based on World Bank economic classification. The Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was found to have the highest incidence of reported depression prevalence (30%) across diagnostic tools. Furthermore, the prevalence of depression was higher in cross-sectional study designs (36.42%) compared to cohort studies (22.7%). CONCLUSION In conclusion, the occurrence of post-abortion depression has been observed to be widespread globally. The prevalence of post-abortion is found to be influenced by several factors, including the methodology employed in the study, the diagnostic tool utilized, the geographical location, and the socioeconomic status of the population. Healthcare providers should prioritize the provision of post-abortion counseling, care, and emotional support to women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natnael Atnafu Gebeyehu
- School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia.
| | - Kirubel Dagnaw Tegegne
- Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Kelemu Abebe
- School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Yibeltal Asefa
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Belete Birhan Assfaw
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Asmare Adella
- Department of Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Biresaw Wassihun Alemu
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Indiana University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Dagne Addisu Sewyew
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wiener RC. Nicotine Dependence and Postpartum Depression: A Multicenter Research Network Study. Subst Use Misuse 2023; 58:1691-1695. [PMID: 37545109 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2244063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many people who have recently delivered a baby (puerperae) experience postpartum depression. The aim of this study is to examine nicotine dependence within the 5 years prior to delivery (ND5y) as a factor. METHODS Data from TriNetX Research Network platform were used. Analysis involved determining risk ratios of postpartum depression among puerperae with/without ND5y in umatched cohorts and propensity score matched cohorts. RESULTS The unmatched sample included 1,460 (13.8%) postpartum puerperae with diagnosed ND5y and 9,138 (86.2%) postpartum puerperae without ND5yt. The matched sample included 1,362 participants with and 1,362 participants without ND5y diagnosis. The unmatched and matched risk ratios were 1.75 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.55, 1.98; p < 0.0001) and 0.68 (95% [CI]: 0.59, 0.79; p < 0.0001), respectively. CONCLUSION Postpartum depression was associated with ND5y in the unmatched sample analysis, but not in the matched sample analysis. As a potential mechanism is unknown, it is possible that some of the matched variables have a shared mechanism with post-partum depression and matching may have masked the true relationship. Therefore, both the unmatched and propensity matched analyses are presented as both have important relevance and may spur future research with non-clinical-based data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Constance Wiener
- Department of Dental Practice and Rural Health, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Majorie Ensayan J, Cheah WL, Hazmi H. Depression Level and Its Associated Factors among Postpartum Working Women in Kuching, Sarawak-A Cross-Sectional Study. Malays J Med Sci 2023; 30:147-156. [PMID: 37655155 PMCID: PMC10467585 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postpartum depression (PD) among women, if left untreated, may result in long-term health and social consequences for them and their families. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the factors contributing to PD among working mothers in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. Methods Systematic sampling was used to recruit working mothers who attended Kuching's maternal and child health clinics. They were interviewed with a validated translated questionnaire to obtain data on sociodemographics, health profiles, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and postpartum symptoms. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 21.0. Results Out of the total 281 respondents, 15.3% of respondents had depression symptoms. Fatigue (42.7%), back or neck pain (36.3%), breast discomfort (16.4%), dizziness (13.5%) and nipple irritation (11.0%) were the most common physical symptoms experienced by the mothers. Regression analysis showed that working mothers who exhibited higher scores of physical symptoms were 1.26 times more likely to develop PD (adjusted odd ratio 1.26, P < 0.01; 95% CI: 1.071, 1.487). Conclusion Physical symptoms were the predictors of PD among working mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janting Majorie Ensayan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Whye Lian Cheah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Helmy Hazmi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kim S, Kim DJ, Lee MS, Lee H. Association of Social Support and Postpartum Depression According to the Time After Childbirth in South Korea. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:750-757. [PMID: 37559482 PMCID: PMC10460980 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the association between social support and postpartum depression (PPD) according to the time after childbirth within 12 months in South Korea. METHODS Data were collected from 1,481 women in Chungnam Province, South Korea from September 21 to 30, 2022. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the association between social support and PPD. Subgroup analysis of the associations of support from family, friends, and significant others with PPD according to the time after childbirth was undertaken using crude and adjusted models. RESULTS Of the participants, 39.91% had PPD. The prevalence of PPD was 36.05% at <3 months, 37.50% at 3≤ to <6 months, and 44.41% at 6≤ to <12 months. A 1-point increase in the social support score was associated with an increase in the adjusted odds ratio of PPD of 0.91 (95% confidence interval=0.90-0.93). Social support from family was significantly associated with PPD regardless of the time after childbirth. Support from significant others was significantly associated with PPD after 6≤ to <12 months. CONCLUSION Family support should be provided consistently to women after birth; social connections with significant others can prevent PPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seongju Kim
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare Management, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hooyeon Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nguyen HTH, Hoang PA, Do TKL, Taylor-Robinson AW, Nguyen TTH. Postpartum depression in Vietnam: a scoping review of symptoms, consequences, and management. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:391. [PMID: 37496038 PMCID: PMC10369808 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02519-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major health issue that can affect both mothers and their newborn children. In Vietnam, approximately 20% of mothers suffer from PPD. However, there is a lack of synthesized evidence regarding the case management of PPD in the Vietnamese context. A review of early symptoms, consequences, and management strategies of PPD will help to inform best practices to reduce complications and shorten the recovery time after parturition. METHODS This scoping review aims to analyze and synthesize the findings of studies on PPD examining the symptoms, consequences, and management strategies among Vietnamese women. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCOHost, Google Scholar, and a networked digital library of projects, theses, and dissertations published between 2010 and 2022 in Vietnam were accessed following search terms including "Vietnam", "depression", "postpartum", "symptom/experience", "consequence", and "management". FINDINGS The most-reported symptoms were sadness, tiredness, the feeling of being ignored, lack of interest in the baby, reduced appetite, and sleep disturbance. The recognized consequences were child stunting and slow growth, without mentioning its long-term effects on mothers. Our findings indicated that PPD in Vietnam has not been sufficiently managed; mothers tend to seek help from 'fortune-tellers' or 'word-of-mouth' practices rather than from evidence-based modern medicine. CONCLUSION This scoping review provides an initial stage of PPD symptoms, consequences, and management along with facilitating an interventional program to support this vulnerable group of women. A large survey of Vietnamese mothers' symptoms, effects, and management strategies is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huyen Thi Hoa Nguyen
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Hanoi, Da Ton, Gia Lam, 100000, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Phuong Anh Hoang
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Hanoi, Da Ton, Gia Lam, 100000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hanoi Medical University, No 1 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Kim Ly Do
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck campus, Ratzeburger Allee 96, Lübeck, 23562, Germany
| | - Andrew W Taylor-Robinson
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Hanoi, Da Ton, Gia Lam, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thanh Huong Nguyen
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Hanoi, Da Ton, Gia Lam, 100000, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shriyan P, Khetrapal S, van Schayck OCP, Babu GR. Maternal depressiveness and infant growth outcomes: Findings from the MAASTHI cohort study in India. J Psychosom Res 2023; 170:111378. [PMID: 37244068 PMCID: PMC7614640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to examine the association between depressiveness in mothers on infant obesity and stunting at one year of age. METHODS We enrolled 4829 pregnant women, followed them up at public health facilities in Bengaluru for one year after birth. We collected information on women's sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric history, depressive symptoms during pregnancy and delivery within 48 h. We took infant anthropometric measurements at birth and one year. We used chi-square tests, and calculated an unadjusted odds ratio using univariate logistic regression. We used multivariate logistic regression to examine the association between maternal depressiveness, childhood adiposity, and stunting. RESULTS We found that the prevalence of depressiveness was 31.8% in mothers who delivered in public health facilities in Bengaluru. Infants born to mothers with depressiveness at birth had 3.9 times higher odds of having larger waist circumference than infants born to mothers with no depressiveness (AOR: 3.96, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.24,12.58) and 1.9 times higher odds of having a larger sum of skinfold thickness (AOR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.18,3.38). Additionally, we found that infants born to mothers with depressiveness at birth had 1.7 times higher odds of stunting than infants born to mothers with no depressiveness (AOR: 1.72; 95%CI: 1.22,2.43) after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSION Our study highlights a high prevalence of depressiveness among mothers seeking antenatal care at a public hospital is associated with an increased risk of infant adiposity and stunting at one year. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and identify effective interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prafulla Shriyan
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560023, India
| | | | - Onno C P van Schayck
- Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Limburg, the Netherlands
| | - Giridhara R Babu
- Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560023, India; The Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance, New Delhi 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Low SR, Bono SA, Azmi Z. The effect of emotional support on postpartum depression among postpartum mothers in Asia: A systematic review. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2023; 15:e12528. [PMID: 37072907 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postpartum depression (PPD) is a chronic mood illness that typically develops in the first few months after giving birth. It affects 17.2% of women worldwide, and its deleterious consequences on infants, children, and mothers have elicited global public concern. Therefore, this paper aims to present an overview of the relationship between emotional support and PPD among postpartum mothers in the Asia region. METHODS An extensive search using various keywords was conducted in Science Direct, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, JSTOR, Springer Link, and Taylor Francis. The screening process was compliant with the PRISMA guideline, while the quality of the selected studies was assessed using the QuADS tool. RESULTS The analysis included 15 research from 12 different countries with 6031 postpartum mothers. A decreased risk of PPD for postpartum mothers is shown to be significantly correlated with greater emotional support, and vice versa. DISCUSSION Asian women are less likely to seek emotional assistance than other mothers, which is influenced by culture. There needs to be more research on the impact of culture on postpartum mothers' emotional support. Additionally, this review hopes to raise awareness among the mothers' friends and family as well as the medical community to be more attentive to postpartum mothers' emotional needs and offer specialized assistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Rou Low
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Zaireeni Azmi
- Unit for Research on Women and Gender (KANITA), School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen YL, Tseng CH, Cheong ML, Lien YJ, Wang SH, Chang CM, Liao SC, Wu CS. Associations between antenatal education program and mental health outcomes in Taiwan: A population-based cohort study. Psychiatry Res 2023; 322:115128. [PMID: 36870316 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Universal antenatal education has been offered to expectant mothers in Taiwan since 2014. Depression screening is included in the offered education sessions. This study aimed to examine the association of antennal education and depression screening with mental health outcomes, including perinatal depression diagnosis and psychiatrist visits. Data was obtained from the antenatal education records and Taiwan's National Health Insurance claims database. A total of 789,763 eligible pregnant women were included in the current study. The psychiatric-related outcomes were measured between antenatal education and the six-month after delivery. It was found that the antenatal education was widely used in Taiwan, and the attendance rate has increased to 82.6% since its launch. The attenders were more likely to be from disadvantaged backgrounds, and 5.3% of them were screened positive for depressive symptoms. They were also more likely to visit a psychiatrist but less likely to be diagnosed with depression than the non-attenders. Factors including young age, high healthcare utilization, and comorbid psychiatric disorder history were consistently associated with depression symptoms, perinatal depression diagnoses and psychiatrist visits. Further research is needed to understand the reasons for the nonattendance at antenatal education programmes and the barriers to utilizing mental health services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Chen
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan; Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsuan Tseng
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Leng Cheong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ju Lien
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Heng Wang
- College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Cheng Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Shin Wu
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin branch, Douliu, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hong SA, Buntup D. Maternal Depression during Pregnancy and Postpartum Period among the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Countries: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5023. [PMID: 36981932 PMCID: PMC10049420 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Identification of mothers with depression is important because untreated perinatal depression can have both short- and long-term consequences for the mother, the child, and the family. This review attempts to identify the prevalence of antenatal and postnatal depression (AD and PD, respectively) of mothers among the ASEAN member countries. A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and the Asian Citation Index. The reviews covered publications in peer-reviewed journals written in the English language between January 2010 and December 2020. Of the 280 articles identified, a total of 37 peer-reviewed articles conducted in 8 out of 11 ASEAN member countries were included. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was the most common instrument used to identify depression. This study showed the number of studies reporting the prevalence of AD was 18 in five countries. For PD, 24 studies in eight countries were included. The prevalence of AD ranged from 4.9% to 46.8%, and that of PD ranged from 4.4% to 57.7%. This first review among ASEAN countries showed very few studies conducted in lower-middle-income and substantial heterogeneity in prevalence among studies reviewed. Further research should be conducted to estimate the prevalence using a large representative sample with a validated assessment tool among the ASEAN countries.
Collapse
|
25
|
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Maternal Postpartum Depression among Mothers in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030343. [PMID: 36766918 PMCID: PMC9914230 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious public health problem in many Middle Eastern countries. Mothers with PPD experience various extreme symptoms that affect their daily lives. This study aims to discover how common PPD is in the Jazan region, the most significant risk factors, and how likely depressed women are to seek help. An observational cross-sectional survey targeting a sample of 444 mothers in their first year after delivery using a pre-tested and validated EDPS standard tool to evaluate the prevalence of postpartum depression amongst them has been conducted. The data was collected and then analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors associated with PPD. The results indicate an extremely high prevalence of PPD in Jazan (75.7%). The prevalence of mothers having suicidal ideation was 6.3% quite often, 5.0% sometimes, and 7.9% hardly. Regarding the duration of depression symptoms, 34.78% were less than a month, 20.72% were less than six months, and 13.06% were less than one year. The study shows that the development of depression symptoms occurred within less than a week for 30.4% of the women. The most significant association with PPD was a lack of family support, which significantly increased the risk of PPD (OR = 5.9; p-value < 0.001). The mothers who had unexpected pregnancies had a risk of PPD (OR = 2.5; p-value < 0.001). Current research has revealed a high prevalence of postpartum depression among mothers in the Jazan region and that it is associated with different risk factors that increase the probability of PPD development. Pregnant women need to raise their awareness about PPD and learn how to avoid or deal with it.
Collapse
|
26
|
Korğalı EÜ, Tunç G. The levels of postpartum depression, anxiety, and hopelessness of the mothers of infants receiving therapeutic hypothermia in NICU. CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2022.2160331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ünver Korğalı
- Department of Pediatrics, Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Gaffari Tunç
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Neonatology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tosto V, Ceccobelli M, Lucarini E, Tortorella A, Gerli S, Parazzini F, Favilli A. Maternity Blues: A Narrative Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13010154. [PMID: 36675815 PMCID: PMC9863514 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Puerperium is a period of great vulnerability for the woman, associated with intense physical and emotional changes. Maternity blues (MB), also known as baby blues, postnatal blues, or post-partum blues, include low mood and mild, transient, self-limited depressive symptoms, which can be developed in the first days after delivery. However, the correct identification of this condition is difficult because a shared definition and well-established diagnostic tools are not still available. A great heterogenicity has been reported worldwide regarding MB prevalence. Studies described an overall prevalence of 39%, ranging from 13.7% to 76%, according to the cultural and geographical contexts. MB is a well-established risk factor for shifting to more severe post-partum mood disorders, such as post-partum depression and postpartum psychosis. Several risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms which could provide the foundation of MB have been the object of investigations, but only poor evidence and speculations are available until now. Taking into account its non-negligible prevalence after childbirth, making an early diagnosis of MB is important to provide adequate and prompt support to the mother, which may contribute to avoiding evolutions toward more serious post-partum disorders. In this paper, we aimed to offer an overview of the knowledge available of MB in terms of definitions, diagnosis tools, pathophysiological mechanisms, and all major clinical aspects. Clinicians should know MB and be aware of its potential evolutions in order to offer the most timely and effective evidence-based care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Tosto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Giannina Gaslini Children’s Hospital, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Margherita Ceccobelli
- Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Lucarini
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alfonso Tortorella
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sandro Gerli
- Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabio Parazzini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Medicine and Surgery Faculty, University of Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Favilli
- Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chee Din MA, Mohd Fahmi Teng NI, Abdul Manaf Z. Maternal depression and child feeding practices: Determinants to malnutrition among young children in Malaysian rural area. WOMEN'S HEALTH (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 19:17455057221147800. [PMID: 36633122 PMCID: PMC9982386 DOI: 10.1177/17455057221147800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal depression may affect child feeding practices and growth. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between child feeding practices and current maternal depression with malnutrition among young children in a rural community. METHODS This is a case-control study consisting of 52 Malay mothers of malnourished children (case) and 50 Malay mothers of well-nourished children (control) in Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. Structured questionnaires on child feeding practices and Beck Depression Inventory: Second Edition questionnaire were distributed to mothers. RESULTS Depressed mothers stopped exclusive breastfeeding (2.8 ± 2.1 months) earlier than non-depressed mothers (3.7 ± 2.0 months; p = 0.045). Binary logistic regression analysis showed current maternal depression was a primary contributor associated with risk of malnutrition in children (adjusted odds ratio: 2.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.08-6.09), and followed by the number of children (adjusted odds ratio: 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.77). CONCLUSION Mothers who experienced depression were twice as likely to have malnourished children. Each additional child in the family will increase the risk of malnutrition by 1.3 times. Maternal depression is associated with child feeding practices and malnutrition among young children in the studied population. Preliminary screening to identify depression symptoms should be conducted to all mothers as early as the first trimester to prevent the incidence of malnutrition in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maizatul Azlina Chee Din
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Maternal,
Infant and Young Child (MiCHILD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences,
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia,Non-Communicable Disease Section,
Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Maternal,
Infant and Young Child (MiCHILD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences,
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia,Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng, Centre for
Dietetics Studies, Maternal, Infant and Young Child (MiCHILD) Research Group,
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus
Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor 42300, Malaysia.
| | - Zahara Abdul Manaf
- Dietetic Programme, Centre for Healthy
Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Low SR, Bono SA, Azmi Z. Prevalence and Factors of Postpartum Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-18. [PMID: 36643791 PMCID: PMC9825082 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04181-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) pandemic has led to several mandatory prevention regulations, changes in healthcare services, unprecedented unemployment rates, financial stress, and emotional worries. Given the increasing cases of COVID-19, coupled with the drastic physical and psychological changes within postpartum mothers during the postpartum period, this paper aims to present an overview of the postpartum depression (PPD) among postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. The postpartum period is characterized by drastic physical changes and substantial demands on parental role adjustment, and it places enormous stress on the mothers and makes them vulnerable to mental health problems. A literature search was conducted in four electronic databases (ScienceDirect, Scopus, Wiley, and SAGE) with different combinations of keywords were used. As the result, 25 articles that involved 10,515 postpartum women from 14 countries were extracted. Results have recorded PPD prevalence ranged from 6.4% to 56.9% during the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited social support, social isolation, fear of COVID-19 exposure, or infection for themselves, newborns, have worsening PPD symptoms among postpartum women. In brief, early detection, appropriate and timely intervention is needed to prevent and identify PPD among postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-04181-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Rou Low
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Zaireeni Azmi
- Unit for Research on Women and Gender (KANITA), School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang X, Ma P, Li M. The association between paternal childcare involvement and postpartum depression and anxiety among Chinese women-a path model analysis. Arch Womens Ment Health 2023; 26:99-106. [PMID: 35982294 PMCID: PMC9387876 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-022-01256-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are among the most common morbidities during the perinatal period. Very few studies have been conducted to examine the association between paternal childcare involvement and postpartum depression (PPD) and anxiety (PPA) in East Asian cultures. This study aims to examine the association between fathers' involvement in childcare and mothers' mental health and explores the potential mediating effects of the mother and child's health among a national sample of Chinese women. This is a cross-sectional, self-administered online survey of maternal women (N = 778) within 1 year after childbirth in China. The questionnaire comprised of sociodemographics, fathers' childcare involvement, child and mother's physical health, and mothers' postpartum mental health status. A path analysis model was constructed to examine the correlation between paternal childcare involvement and maternal depression and anxiety within 1-year postpartum. The mediating effect of the mother and child's physical health was also explored in the model. Paternal involvement in childcare was significantly associated with lower PPD (β = - .36, p < 0.001) and PPA (β = - .29, p < 0.001) levels of mothers after covariates were adjusted. Furthermore, women's physical health partially mediated the association between paternal involvement and PPD, and child's health partially mediated the association between paternal involvement and PPA and PPD. Our findings emphasize the essential role of father's childcare involvement and the need to promote culturally tailored intervention programs, which may improve the mental health status among Chinese postpartum mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 200124, China.
| | - Ping Ma
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 USA
| | - Ming Li
- grid.265122.00000 0001 0719 7561Department of Health Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252 USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Alashmali S, Almasaudi AS, Zedan HS, Baattaiah BA, Alashmali Y. The Effect of Dairy Products and Nutrient Intake after Childbirth on the Risk of Postpartum Depression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16624. [PMID: 36554501 PMCID: PMC9779133 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown an association between the intake of dairy products during pregnancy and reduced symptoms of postpartum depression (PPD). However, the effect of postpartum intake of dairy products on PPD is not fully understood. This study evaluates the effects of dairy products and nutrient intake after childbirth on the risk of PPD. A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted asking participants to fill out a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess intake of dairy products and other nutrients. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to screen for PPD symptoms. Out of 530 participants, almost three-quarters subjectively reported PPD (N = 395, 74.11%). The risk of PPD was relatively high for a Q1 level of consumption of all four dairy products and other nutrients, and from Q2 to Q4 there appeared to be an increase in the risk of PPD as consumption increased. However, after adjustment for confounding factors, there was no significant association between postpartum intake of dairy products and other nutrients and PPD. The results indicate that the potential of dairy products and nutrient intake to reduce PPD are minimal. Further longitudinal and intervention studies of dairy products and other (particularly anti-depressants) nutrients are required to draw firm conclusions about their associations with the risk of PPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoug Alashmali
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa S. Almasaudi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haya S. Zedan
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh 13316, Saudi Arabia
| | - Baian A. Baattaiah
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Leight J, Pedehombga A, Ganaba R, Gelli A. Women's empowerment, maternal depression, and stress: Evidence from rural Burkina Faso. SSM - MENTAL HEALTH 2022; 2:100160. [PMID: 36688233 PMCID: PMC9792374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Though there is a wide array of evidence that women's empowerment is associated with more positive health and nutritional outcomes for women and children, evidence around the relationship with mental health or subjective well-being remains relatively limited. The objective of this paper is to explore this relationship in longitudinal data from rural Burkina Faso. Methods We analyze the association between empowerment measured using the project-level Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI), and two additional outcomes of interest: stress (measured using the SRQ-20) and maternal depression (measured using the Edinburgh scale for post-partum depression). The analysis employs both cross-sectional specifications and panel specifications conditional on individual fixed effects. Results We find evidence of substantial negative correlations between the empowerment score and maternal stress and depression measured using both continuous and binary variables. This relationship seems to be particularly driven by self-efficacy and respect among household members, where higher scores have negative associations with depression and stress that are both large in magnitude and precisely estimated. Conclusion Enhanced mental health may be another channel for a positive effect of empowerment on women's welfare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Leight
- International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), USA,Corresponding author.
| | | | | | - Aulo Gelli
- International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ngai FW, Gao LL. Effect of couple-based interpersonal psychotherapy on postpartum depressive symptoms: A randomised controlled trial. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 78:103274. [PMID: 36215873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is one of the most effective interventions for postnatal depression. Few studies have evaluated the effect of IPT on postnatal depression for both mothers and fathers. This aimed to examine the effect of couple-based IPT on postpartum depressive symptoms among Chinese mothers and fathers at 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum. METHODS A randomised controlled trial was conducted with 455 childbearing couples recruited from two hospitals and randomly allocated to the couple-based IPT (n = 224) and usual care (n = 231) groups. Postpartum depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). RESULTS Both mothers and fathers in the couple-based IPT demonstrated significant and sustained reduction in depressive symptoms at 6 weeks (mean difference in mothers = 1.91, p < .001; mean difference in fathers = 1.14, p = .005) and 6 months postpartum (mean difference in mothers = 0.89, p = .039; mean difference in fathers = 1.29, p = .003), compared to those in usual care. The proportions of mothers and fathers who were at risk of postnatal depression (EPDS > 9) were significantly lower in the IPT group than in the usual care group at 6 weeks postpartum (difference in mothers = 21.9%, p < .001; difference in fathers = 10.7%, p = .005), but no significant differences were found at 6 months postpartum. CONCLUSIONS The benefits of the couple-based IPT in this study highlights the importance of incorporating IPT into perinatal services to promote perinatal mental health for both partners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Wan Ngai
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ling-Ling Gao
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zreik G, Asraf K, Haimov I, Tikotzky L. Maternal insomnia and depressive symptoms and early childhood sleep among Arab and Jewish families in Israel. Sleep Med 2022; 100:262-268. [PMID: 36122508 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study explored the links between maternal insomnia symptoms, maternal depressive symptoms, and young children's sleep quality among two major cultural groups in Israel: Arab and Jewish. We also assessed the prevalence of maternal insomnia and depressive symptoms, in both cultural groups. METHODS Mothers of 497 healthy, typically developing infants and toddlers, ranging in age from 3-36 months, participated in the study: 253 of the mothers were Arab and 244 were Jewish. Mothers completed the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. RESULTS For both cultural groups, there were significant positive associations between maternal ISI and EPDS, as well as between maternal ISI and child sleep variables (nighttime wakefulness and perceived child's sleep problems), after controlling for child age. Significant correlations were also found between maternal EPDS and child sleep, after controlling for child age, but these correlations were not significant once controlling for ISI. Cross-cultural differences in prevalence of insomnia and depressive symptoms were found based on the clinical cutoffs of the ISI and EPDS: Arab mothers, compared to Jewish mothers, reported higher levels of insomnia and depressive symptoms, and were more likely to have scores higher than the clinical cutoff on both measures. CONCLUSION Maternal insomnia, depressive symptoms, and child sleep quality are significantly intertwined in both Arab and Jewish families in Israel. The findings highlight the importance of taking these three domains into consideration in research and in clinical assessments of families with young children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kfir Asraf
- The Max-Stern Yezreel Valley College, Israel
| | - Iris Haimov
- The Max-Stern Yezreel Valley College, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen HH, Lai JCY, Wang KL, Chien LY. Bi-dimensional acculturation and social support on perinatal depression in marriage-based immigrant women. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2022; 41:227-233. [PMID: 36428054 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sociocultural factors play critical roles in the mental health of marriage-based immigrant women. However, the effect of bi-dimensional acculturation ("adaptation to host culture" and "maintenance of heritage culture") and social support on perinatal depression across time was unknown among them. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of bi-dimensional acculturation and social support on perinatal depression among marriage-based immigrant women in Taiwan. METHODS This longitudinal study recruited 310 immigrant mothers to complete structured questionnaires during pregnancy and postpartum periods. Depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Bi-dimensional acculturation was measured using the Bi-dimensional Acculturation Scale for Marriage-Based Immigrant Women. Social support was measured by a three-subscale instrument, namely emotional, instrumental, and informational support. RESULTS Depression scores increased from pregnancy to three months postpartum, and decreased from six to twelve months postpartum. The generalized estimating equation results showed that lower adaptation to host culture, emotional support, and informational support were associated with higher maternal depression scores over time. Maintaining heritage culture has both positive (from pregnancy to three months postpartum) and negative associations (from six to twelve months postpartum) with maternal depression, further, increased emotional support enhanced the protective effect of adaptation to host culture, but decreased the positive effect of maintenance of heritage culture on depression. CONCLUSION Strategies should be developed to assist perinatal immigrant women to adapt to the host culture, maintain their heritage culture, and resolve potential cultural conflicts to decrease their depression. Respect for immigrant mothers' heritage cultures should be accompanied by increased emotional support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Hui Chen
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Address: No.1, Sec. 1, Ren'ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100233, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Address: No.7, Chung Shan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 100225, Taiwan.
| | - Jerry Cheng-Yen Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Taitung MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taitung City, Taiwan Address: No.1, Lane 303, Changsha Street, Taitung, 95054, Taiwan.
| | - Kung-Liahng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taitung MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taitung, Taiwan Address: No.1, Lane 303, Changsha Street, Taitung 95054, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan Address: No.92, Shengjing Rd., Beitou Dist., Taipei City 11272, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Address: No.92, Section 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 10449, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan Address: No.46, Section 3, Zhongzheng Rd., Sanzhi District, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Yin Chien
- Institute of Community Health Care, Collage of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University/Yang-Ming Campus, Taipei, Taiwan Address: No.155, Sec. 2, Linong St., Beitou Dist., Taipei City 112304, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zou H, Sun M, Liu Y, Xi Y, Xiang C, Yong C, Liang J, Huo J, Lin Q, Deng J. Relationship between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Postpartum Depression in Exclusively Breastfeeding Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235006. [PMID: 36501036 PMCID: PMC9738724 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Research has shown that chronic inflammation can increase the risk of depression. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a novel measure of dietary inflammation, which has been used to investigate the relationship between diet and mental disorders in adults. However, little research has been conducted to establish an association between dietary inflammation (as measured by DII) and postpartum depression (PPD) in exclusively breastfeeding women. (2) Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 293 women who were exclusively breastfeeding for 6 months or less were enrolled. The DII scores were evaluated using semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ), and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to measure depression levels of breastfeeding mothers during the six months following delivery. The participants were classified by tertiles, and the possibility of DII being associated with PPD was assessed by binary regression analysis. (3) Results: The average DII score was 2.32 ± 1.08, which ranged from -1.66 to 4.19. The rate of depression was 60.1%. Adjusted for potential risk factors such as age, educational level, occupational level, number of babies, number of caregivers, social support level, and sleep quality, the results showed that the lowest DII score was associated with a lower risk of PPD than the highest score (OR tertile Q1 vs. 3 = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.24, 0.93, p = 0.030). (4) Conclusions: In exclusive breastfeeding women, the inflammatory potential of dietary intake seems to be related to depression. Interventions to improve diet quality might consider including a dietary component that aims to lower chronic systemic inflammation to prevent PPD. However, the relationship between DII and PPD among Chinese women remains to be demonstrated in a larger population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanshuang Zou
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Minghui Sun
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha 410078, China
- Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining 272000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Child Care, Changsha Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, 416 Chengnan East RD of Yuhua District, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yue Xi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Caihong Xiang
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Cuiting Yong
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jiajing Liang
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jiaqi Huo
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha 410078, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (J.D.); Tel.: +86-138-7482-0173 (Q.L.); +86-135-4864-3020 (J.D.)
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd, Changsha 410078, China
- Correspondence: (Q.L.); (J.D.); Tel.: +86-138-7482-0173 (Q.L.); +86-135-4864-3020 (J.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ali-Saleh O, Goldblatt H, Baron-Epel O. "My problem is that I live next door to my mother-in-law": Arab women's postpartum experiences with positive and negative social interactions and the impact on their well-being: A qualitative study. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e3985-e3994. [PMID: 35289013 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Social support is commonly associated with women's postpartum health. Yet such support can also have unintended effects and trigger negative reactions. This study provides a qualitative examination of the positive and negative social interactions described by Arab postpartum women. Participants were Arab women recruited at Mother and Child Healthcare Clinics (MCHC). Inclusion criteria were married women over the age of 18 with a healthy newborn who described both positive and negative social experiences. Exclusion criteria were signs of postpartum depression. Data were gathered using semi-structured in-depth interviews that were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Themes and categories were extracted based on interpretative phenomenological analysis. The impact of lived experiences on the well-being of postpartum women was explored. Data analysis revealed three main themes: (1) Support from the family and community: positive impact on the mother; (2) Negative social interactions as invasion of mother's personal space; (3) Impact of negative social interactions on mother's relationship with her family. A deeper understanding of the social environment of these women and the factors that affect their well-being during the critical postpartum period can help MCHC staff offer culturally appropriate support and relevant interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ola Ali-Saleh
- Northern District Health Bureau, Ministry of Health, Nof HaGalil, Israel
- Department of Nursing, the Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel, Jezreel Valley, Israel
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Agrawal I, Mehendale AM, Malhotra R. Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression. Cureus 2022; 14:e30898. [PMID: 36465774 PMCID: PMC9711915 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a widespread mental health problem and one of the prime causes of maternal suffering and ill health. On a global level, the prevalence of the disorder is about 10 to 15%. Symptoms generally appear within the first four to six weeks, which is the high-risk period. However, it may develop up to one year post-delivery. PPD presents with symptoms of classical depression, including mood fluctuations, bouts of crying, lack of interest in the child, and even thoughts of suicide. PPD not only has adverse effects on the mother's health but also hampers the growth and development of the child. It hampers the formation of a healthy mother-child bond, which in turn may impact feeding practices. The social environment of the infant during the first few months is primarily provided by the mother, and PPD may thus impact the child's development. It also increases the child's susceptibility to malnutrition. Research on postpartum depression has garnered momentum within the last few years. However, the masses are still largely unaware of the disorder and its implications. There is also an inadequacy of awareness of the risk factors of PPD. The cross-cultural differences in manifestations and appropriate preventive measures have not been extensively studied. Some risk factors for PPD are similar to those for classic depression; however, obstetrical and pediatric factors are also involved. This literature review aims to assess the currently known risk factors for PPD, their strength of association, and probable mechanisms to help identify the high-risk group and enable the implementation of preventive measures or facilitate early diagnosis. The factors identified spanned sociodemographic, biological, psychological, and obstetric domains. These included socioeconomic standing, marital relationship, history of psychiatric illness, social support, gestational diabetes, vitamin D deficiency, immigration status, delivery method, violence and abuse, birth experience, and biological and epigenetic markers. The risk factors for postpartum depression are numerous and may have strong to weak associations with the development of PPD. A previous history of depression or psychiatric illness, depressive symptoms during pregnancy, gestational diabetes, and a lack of spousal and social support were the most powerful risk factors. Other significant factors include complications during pregnancy, low socioeconomic status, and stressful life events. Studies on maternal age and chronic illness as risk factors were inconclusive. The roles of genetic and epigenetic markers, cultural factors, and vitamin D insufficiency require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Agrawal
- Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
| | - Ashok M Mehendale
- Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
| | - Ritika Malhotra
- Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mohd Shukri NH, Senjaya O, Zainudin Z, Mohamed M, Syed Abdullah FI. The Associations of Breastfeeding and Postnatal Experiences With Postpartum Depression Among Mothers of Hospitalized Infants in Tertiary Hospitals. Cureus 2022; 14:e29425. [PMID: 36299949 PMCID: PMC9586844 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postpartum depression has been linked to undesirable outcomes for mother-infant dyads, interfering with childcare and breastfeeding practices. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms among mothers during the postpartum period and its association with breastfeeding and postpartum experiences. Methodology This cross-sectional study involved mothers of hospitalized infants (n = 219) at two tertiary hospitals in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Mothers were screened for postpartum depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale with a cut-off of ≥12 for positive screening for depression. Mothers were asked to complete questionnaires on breastfeeding experience, which included breastfeeding self-efficacy and challenges. The questionnaires also collected information on postnatal experiences, including birth outcomes, anxiety and stress levels, and social support. Multiple linear regression was used to ascertain the association of postpartum depression levels with breastfeeding and postnatal experiences. Results Overall, 30% of mothers in this study screened positive for depression. Based on multiple linear regression, a higher score of postpartum depression was significantly associated with unpleasant breastfeeding and postnatal experiences reflected by increased scores of anxiety and stress, lower infant birth weight, increased breastfeeding problems, and lower level of social support (p < 0.005). Conclusions Maternal emotions, birth outcomes, breastfeeding issues, and social support were associated with postpartum depression. Efforts should be made to increase maternal support, and screening for maternal depression during infant hospital stays should be encouraged.
Collapse
|
40
|
Tan X, He Y, Hua N, Wiley J, Sun M. Study Protocol of an App-Based Prevention Program for Perinatal Depression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11634. [PMID: 36141922 PMCID: PMC9517436 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of perinatal depression (PND) in China is continuously rising, and the suicide rate among pregnant women is remarkably high. Preventing the occurrence of PND based on the management of primary health care is of great significance. Improving adherence to intervention programs is a key concern for PND prevention. Thus, a new intervention strategy based on mobile health could bring a new perspective to prevent the occurrence of PND and reduce the sample dropout rate. A single-blind, cluster randomized controlled trial will be performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized, dynamic, and stratified intervention strategy based on an app. Four health centers will be randomly selected and randomly assigned to an intervention group (two centers) and a control group (two centers). Participants (n = 426) will be enrolled from the four selected health centers, with 213 in each group. The intervention group will receive the interventions personalized by the feature-matching algorithm of the user profile and be reassigned to the low-risk group (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS] < 9) or moderate/high-risk group (9 ≤ EPDS < 13 and EPDS ≥ 13, but not meeting the criteria for PND) for intervention based on each EPDS score until 6 months after delivery. The control group will receive the same intervention components of the app but without the dynamic, personalized, and stratified function. Depression status, negative emotion symptoms, parental competence, and sample dropout rate will be measured at different weeks of pregnancy (12-16 [baseline], 24, 37) and at 42 days, 3 months, and 6 months after delivery. Follow-up evaluation (t6: 12 months after delivery) will also be conducted. If the intervention is effective, it will provide a personalized, time-friendly, and dynamic intervention for preventing PND. This phenomenon can effectively reduce the sample dropout rate and provide an empirical basis for promoting maternal mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmin Tan
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yuqing He
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Nan Hua
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - James Wiley
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Mei Sun
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nisa' F, Damayanti NA, Suhariadi F, Herisanty W, Afiyah RK. Internal factors affecting the mother's psychological capital in exclusive breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Public Health Res 2022; 11:22799036221106619. [PMID: 35911426 PMCID: PMC9335479 DOI: 10.1177/22799036221106619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: During the pandemic, in terms of breastfeeding, most mothers experience anxiety and discomfort. The impact of this condition will decrease the production of breast milk. The purpose of this study was to determine the internal factors that affect the psychological capital of mothers when breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic in Petiken Village, Gresik. Design and methods: This study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The population of this study was all breastfeeding mothers who had babies aged 6–12 months. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling involving 102 respondents. The independent variables were motivation, perception, and attitude. The dependent variable was psychological capital. Data were collected from June to July 2021. The data analysis was conducted using the logistic regression test to determine the variable with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The results of the multivariate analysis showed that the motivation variable was p = 0.036. Motivation had effect on psychological capital. While the perception variable was p = 0.056 (p > 0.05), the perception had no effect on psychological capital. The attitude variable p = 0.055 (p > 0.05), the attitude had no effect on psychological capital. The factor that affects the mother’s psychological capital in relation to exclusive breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic was motivation. Conclusion: It is expected that mothers have a high motivation which can affect the mother’s psychological capital. It is needed to increase and succeed at providing exclusive breastfeeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fauziyatun Nisa'
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Fendy Suhariadi
- Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Wesiana Herisanty
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kim HS, Chung MY, Rhee ES, Kim Y. Is it reciprocating or self-serving?: Understanding coping strategies for postpartum depression in an online community for Korean mothers. Health Care Women Int 2022; 43:1464-1481. [DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2022.2037604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyang-Sook Kim
- Department of Mass Communication, Towson University, Towson, Maryland, USA
| | - Mun-Young Chung
- Department of Mass Communications, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eun Soo Rhee
- Department of Mass Communication, Towson University, Towson, Maryland, USA
| | - Youjeong Kim
- School of Journalism and Mass Communication, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Does Prenatal Physical Activity Affect the Occurrence of Postnatal Anxiety and Depression? Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042284. [PMID: 35206473 PMCID: PMC8872187 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the foregoing study was to assess whether physical activity during pregnancy affects the occurrence of anxiety and depression during pregnancy, postpartum and 6 months following childbirth. This study tried to answer the following questions: How was the incidence of depression and anxiety different in the pre- and postpartum periods? What intensity level of physical activity protects against the symptoms of anxiety and depression? Does the time spent engaged in sedentary activities and MVPA affect the occurrence of depression and anxiety before and after childbirth? The study group under analysis consisted of 187 women aged 19–41 years. The research was conducted between April 2016 and November 2020. The study was divided into four stages: T0—qualification to participate in the study; T1—medical history acquisition, consisting of a short questionnaire and two long questionnaires (the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7)), as well as an assessment of 7-day physical activity using Actigraph accelerometers during the pregnancy; T2—the completion of the EPDS and GAD-7 questionnaires after the birth; T3—the completion of the EPDS and GAD-7 questionnaire 6 months after giving birth. The obtained results were statistically processed in the Statistica 13.3 software package. A significance level of p < 0.05 was assumed. The highest percentage of depression occurred immediately after the delivery, followed by 6 months after delivery, and the smallest number of women suffered from depression before the birth (p < 0.001). The analysis of correlations of physical activity with anxiety symptoms did not show significant correlations. However, the situation is different in the case of depression symptoms. Women taking fewer steps before delivery showed a greater tendency to develop depressive symptoms before, immediately after and 6 months after the delivery (p < 0.001). Women who were less active (took fewer steps per day, spent less time in moderate-to-vigorous physical (MVPA) activities or spent more time being sedentary) showed symptoms of depression on the EPDS scale. It appeared that those with severe anxiety symptoms had the highest sedentary time scores before the delivery (p = 0.020). Reduced physical activity promotes the onset of postnatal depression, while being active reduces this risk. Interestingly, even light physical activity “protects” against the occurrence of depression and is better than sedentary activities. Such clear conclusions cannot be drawn in relation to anxiety symptoms. Sedentary behaviour may promote anxiety symptoms immediately after childbirth, but this study should be continued in order to confirm it during other time periods.
Collapse
|
44
|
Yuan M, Chen H, Chen D, Wan D, Luo F, Zhang C, Nan Y, Bi X, Liang J. Effect of physical activity on prevention of postpartum depression: A dose-response meta-analysis of 186,412 women. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:984677. [PMID: 36405921 PMCID: PMC9672674 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.984677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is considered a favorable preventive intervention for postpartum depression (PPD), but evidence defining a corresponding dose-response relationship is lacking. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the protective effects of PA on PPD and define a potential dose-response relationship between them. METHODS PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from 1968 to May 2022. Only randomized control trials (RCTs) and prospective studies were considered, and the PICOS tool was used to identify eligible articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Effect-size estimates were unified as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We calculated the ORs and their 95% CI for studies that did not report them using the Practical Meta-Analysis Effect Size Calculator. RESULTS A total of 23 studies were eligible, including 14 RCTs and 9 prospective cohort studies. The overall analysis showed a statistically significant positive association between PA and PPD prevention (adjusted OR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.61-0.87; P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated that studies conducted in Europe demonstrated a significant correlation between PA and reduced PPD risk (adjusted OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76-0.95, P = 0.004). Concerning PA type, sports activity was associated with relieving PPD symptoms (adjusted OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.78 to 1.00, P < 0.001), while work (adjusted OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.37-2.97, P = 0.065) and household activities (adjusted OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.89-1.52, P = 0.986) contributed to a greater risk of PPD. Our dose-response analysis revealed a reverse J-shaped trend between ascending PA duration and PPD incidence. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis identified PA as a potential intervention to reduce the risk of PPD. The dose-response analysis revealed that at least 90 min of PA per week could efficiently decrease the risk of PPD. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022335731.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Yuan
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyang Chen
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Donggui Wan
- Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Luo
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxin Nan
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Bi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nguyen VVT, Zheng MY, Liu SM, Kallen MA, Kay K, Ivey SL. Prevalence of Traditional Asian Postpartum Practices at a Federally Qualified Health Center. J Immigr Minor Health 2021; 24:1251-1260. [PMID: 34905140 PMCID: PMC8669035 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-021-01299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the knowledge of, participation in, attitudes towards, and experiences with "doing the month" (DTM), a traditional Chinese and Vietnamese postpartum practice, at a federally qualified health center that serves predominantly Asian immigrants. DTM practices revolve around the balance between yin and yang and include practices such as the mother remaining on bed rest for as long as possible, restricting diet to certain foods, and avoiding visitors and social activities. A cross-sectional survey in Chinese, Vietnamese, and English was developed to determine the prevalence of women who have heard of and participated in DTM. 154 respondents participated. The mean age of respondents was 40.1 years. Without prompting of what DTM was, 58 (37.7%) responded that they had heard of DTM. After an explanatory paragraph, this increased to 117 (76.6%) participants. Out of 107 patients who have children, 65 (60.7%) "did the month" after giving birth. Participation rates were highest for women who identified as Chinese or Vietnamese. Likert-type scale questions showed that respondents believed DTM was stressful but enjoyable and helpful for recovery from childbirth. In conclusion, DTM is a common practice that health providers should be aware of.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephanie M Liu
- The Permanente Medical Group, Inc., 1800 Harrison Street, Oakland, CA, 94609, USA
| | - Michael A Kallen
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.,, Missouri City, USA
| | - Kerry Kay
- Asian Health Services, Oakland, CA, 94607, USA.,, Oakland, USA
| | - Susan L Ivey
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Joint Medical Program, School of Public Health, University of California, 570 University Hall #1190, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Souza LGD, Queiroz VCD, Andrade SSDC, César ESR, Melo VFCD, Oliveira SHDS. Anxiety and depression in mothers of newborns in intensive care units. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2021; 42:e20200388. [PMID: 34878017 DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2021.20200388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the classification and factors associated with anxiety and/or depression in mothers of newborns in a neonatal intensive care unit and elaborate the nursing process after psychological testing. METHOD A study conducted with 91 mothers of newborns in intensive care of northeastern maternity, through a Beck anxiety and depression characterization and inventory form. RESULTS Majority with severe anxiety (93.4%) and moderate depression (50.5%). There was statistical significance between anxiety with planned pregnancy (p=0.022) and vaginal delivery route (p=0.028), as well as depression with abortion (p=0.027) and mechanical ventilation (p=0.017). CONCLUSION Route of delivery, unpaid occupation, income, kangaroo method adhering, supplementation, schooling, planned pregnancy, gestational age of birth and newborn weight impact emotional instability. Social support stands out as a protective factor for symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viviane Cordeiro de Queiroz
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem. João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abdollahi F, Lye MS, Yazdani Cherati J, Zarghami M. Depressive symptoms in men immediately after birth. J Psychosom Res 2021; 151:110650. [PMID: 34739946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is the second leading cause of morbidity worldwide. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of paternal postpartum depressive symptoms (PPD). METHODS In a cross-sectional study, via a stratified random and convenience sampling method 591 couples who were referred to Mazandaran primary health centers between 2 and 8 weeks postpartum were recruited from March to October 2017. Couples were screened for depressive symptoms using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Fathers provided information on socio-demographic characteristics, life events, neonatal stressor, perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale), social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), and general health status using General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) as well. Data was analyzed using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS Overall, 93 fathers (15.7%) and 188 mothers (31.8%) reported depressive symptoms above the cut-off EPDS score of 12. In the multiple logistic regression model, older age, maternal depressive symptoms, higher GHQ-12 scores and increased recent life events were related to paternal PPD. A significant inverse association was found between number of children and paternal PPD. CONCLUSION Depressive symptoms especially in first-time fathers following the birth of a child are not uncommon. Creating opportunities for men to access special health care services, parental education to help adapting to parenthood, screening programs, and psychiatric/psychosocial interventions to decrease suffering of depression for both depressed parents are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Abdollahi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Health Science Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Munn-Sann Lye
- Formerly, Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Jamshid Yazdani Cherati
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Mehran Zarghami
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Nguyen HTT, Hoang AP, Do LTK, Schiffer S, Nguyen HTH. The Rate and Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression in Vietnam From 2010 to 2020: A Literature Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:731306. [PMID: 34777111 PMCID: PMC8578872 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.731306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is commonly seen in women after birth and can lead to adverse effects on both the health of mothers and child(ren) development. In Vietnam, there have been a number of studies examining the rate and risk factors of PPD, but none has provided a systematic review. Aim: This current literature review aims to summarize and synthesize the current state of knowledge of studies conducted in Vietnam to provide a comprehensive understanding of the PPD phenomena during the last 10 years. Data Sources: A literature search was conducted relying on the most common online databases—MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, which included articles if they (i) examined prevalence or risk factors of PPD; (ii) were conducted among Vietnamese participants using either quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-method, and (iii) were published from 2010 to 2020. After the filtering process, 18 articles were eligible to be reviewed. Results: Research studies in Vietnam on PPD are conducted among women at and after 1-month delivery. The rate of PPD reported in Vietnam among mothers at postnatal time points from 1 to 12 months ranged from 8.2 to 48.1%. Risk factors can be clustered into three groups: personal factors, family factors, and environmental factors. Recommendation: Further research studies should focus on examining PPD at an earlier stage within the first month after birth. The investigation of risk factors in a comprehensive manner for Vietnamese mothers would also be recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anh Phuong Hoang
- College of Health Sciences, Vin University, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ly Thi Kim Do
- 47B General Surgery Department, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Mapping global prevalence of depression among postpartum women. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:543. [PMID: 34671011 PMCID: PMC8528847 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common psychological condition following childbirth, and may have a detrimental effect on the social and cognitive health of spouses, infants, and children. The aim of this study was to complete a comprehensive overview of the current literature on the global epidemiology of PPD. A total of 565 studies from 80 different countries or regions were included in the final analysis. Postpartum depression was found in 17.22% (95% CI 16.00-18.51) of the world's population. Meta-regression analysis showed that study size, country or region development, and country or region income were the causes of heterogeneity. Multivariable meta-regression analysis found that study size and country or area development were the most important predictors. Varied prevalence rates were noted in geographic regions with the highest rate found in Southern Africa (39.96%). Of interested was a significantly lower rate of PPD in developed countries or high-income countries or areas. Furthermore, the findings showed that there was a substantial difference in rates of PPD when marital status, educational level, social support, spouse care, violence, gestational age, breast feeding, child mortality, pregnancy plan, financial difficulties, partnership, life stress, smoking, alcohol intake, and living conditions were considered in the pooled estimates. Our results indicated that one out of every five women experiences PPD which is linked to income and geographic development. It is triggered by a variety of causes that necessitate the attention and committed intervention of primary care providers, clinicians, health authorities, and the general population.
Collapse
|