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Garcia KR, Menezes RCR, Dos Santos V, Koester LS, Dallegrave E. Toward a greener multifunctional pharmaceutical excipient: in vivo safety evaluation of nanofibrillated cellulose from tobacco stalk. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38326987 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2311288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco stalk is a cellulose-rich material and a sustainable alternative to be applied as a plant-based nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) source. NFC use has garnered attention in the development of oral pharmaceutical forms, despite concerns about its safety due to the adverse effects of nicotine on health. Therefore, we aimed at establishing the safety of NFC derived from tobacco stalk for its potential use as a novel pharmaceutical excipient, exploring its potential functions for tablet production. We conducted acute and subchronic oral toxicity tests in adult female Wistar rats. Initially, individual animals received sequential doses (175-5,000 mg·kg-1) for 24 hours followed by a careful observation of any toxic effects. Subsequently, 20 rats were divided into four groups for a subchronic assay, evaluating toxicity signs, body weight changes, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters. No deaths or other clinical toxicity signs were observed in either the acute or the subchronic assays. We noticed a significant reduction in body weight gain (p < 0.05) after 14 days. We found statistical differences for hematological and biochemical parameters, unrelated to dosage. There were no observed toxic effects, and tobacco stalk ingestion did not adversely affect organ morphology in the histopathological evaluation. The oral administration of NFC at 5,000 mg·kg-1 per day for 28 days was well-tolerated by treated rats, with no reported deaths. In conclusion, NFC derived from tobacco stalk has shown to be a sustainable and safe alternative for use as an excipient at experimental doses, demonstrating compatibility with its proposed applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keth Ribeiro Garcia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafaella Câmara Rocha Menezes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Nutrição, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Toxicologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Venina Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Processos e Tecnologias, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Scherer Koester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliane Dallegrave
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Toxicologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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2
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Garcia KR, Beck RCR, Brandalise RN, dos Santos V, Koester LS. Nanocellulose, the Green Biopolymer Trending in Pharmaceuticals: A Patent Review. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:145. [PMID: 38276515 PMCID: PMC10819157 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of nanocellulose in pharmaceutics is a trend that has emerged in recent years. Its inherently good mechanical properties, compared to different materials, such as its high tensile strength, high elastic modulus and high porosity, as well as its renewability and biodegradability are driving nanocellulose's industrial use and innovations. In this sense, this study aims to conduct a search of patents from 2011 to 2023, involving applications of nanocellulose in pharmaceuticals. A patent search was carried out, employing three different patent databases: Patentscope from World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO); Espacenet; and LENS.ORG. Patents were separated into two main groups, (i) nanocellulose (NC) comprising all its variations and (ii) bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), and classified into five major areas, according to their application. A total of 215 documents was retrieved, of which 179 were referred to the NC group and 36 to the BNC group. The NC group depicted 49.7%, 15.6%, 16.2%, 8.9% and 9.5% of patents as belonging to design and manufacturing, cell culture systems, drug delivery, wound healing and tissue engineering clusters, respectively. The BNC group classified 44.5% of patents as design and manufacturing and 30.6% as drug delivery, as well as 5.6% and 19.4% of patents as wound healing and tissue engineering, respectively. In conclusion, this work compiled and classified patents addressing exclusively the use of nanocellulose in pharmaceuticals, providing information on its current status and trending advancements, considering environmental responsibility and sustainability in materials and products development for a greener upcoming future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keth Ribeiro Garcia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil; (K.R.G.); (R.C.R.B.)
| | - Ruy Carlos Ruver Beck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil; (K.R.G.); (R.C.R.B.)
| | - Rosmary Nichele Brandalise
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Processos e Tecnologias, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Brazil; (R.N.B.); (V.d.S.)
| | - Venina dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Processos e Tecnologias, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul 95070-560, Brazil; (R.N.B.); (V.d.S.)
| | - Letícia Scherer Koester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brazil; (K.R.G.); (R.C.R.B.)
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3
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Cañas-Gutiérrez A, Gómez Hoyos C, Velásquez-Cock J, Gañán P, Triana O, Cogollo-Flórez J, Romero-Sáez M, Correa-Hincapié N, Zuluaga R. Health and toxicological effects of nanocellulose when used as a food ingredient: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121382. [PMID: 37940279 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanocellulose (NC) has increased significantly in the food industry, as subtypes such as cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) or bacterial cellulose (BC) have been demonstrated to be a source of insoluble fiber with important benefits for human health. Despite these advantages, and due to its nanoscale size, NC must be assessed from a safety perspective that considers its exposure, fate, and biological effects in order to help more accurately estimate its potential hazards. The exposure routes of humans to NC include (i) ingestion during consumption of foods that contain cellulose as a food ingredient or (ii) contact of food with cellulose-containing materials, such as its packaging. That is why it is important to understand the potentially toxic effects that nanomaterials can have on human health, understanding that the different types of NC behave differently in terms of their ingestion, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. By analysing both in vitro and in vivo studies, the purpose of this paper is to present the most recent findings on the different types of NC and their safety when used in food. In addition, it provides an overview of relevant studies into NC and its health benefits when used as a food additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cañas-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Calidad y Producción, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Calle 73 No. 76ª - 354, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Ingeniería Textil, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 No. 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - C Gómez Hoyos
- Facultad de Ingeniería Textil, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 No. 70-01, Medellín, Colombia
| | - J Velásquez-Cock
- Facultad de Ingeniería Textil, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 No. 70-01, Medellín, Colombia
| | - P Gañán
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 No. 70-01, Medellín, Colombia
| | - O Triana
- Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 67 No. 53-108, Medellín, Colombia
| | - J Cogollo-Flórez
- Departamento de Calidad y Producción, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Calle 73 No. 76ª - 354, Medellín, Colombia
| | - M Romero-Sáez
- Departamento de Calidad y Producción, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Calle 73 No. 76ª - 354, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Química Básica, Aplicada y Ambiente - Alquimia, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Calle 73 No. 76ª - 354, Medellín, Colombia
| | - N Correa-Hincapié
- Departamento de Calidad y Producción, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Calle 73 No. 76ª - 354, Medellín, Colombia
| | - R Zuluaga
- Facultad de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 No. 70-01, Medellín, Colombia
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4
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Casanova F, Pereira CF, Ribeiro AB, Castro PM, Freixo R, Martins E, Tavares-Valente D, Fernandes JC, Pintado ME, Ramos ÓL. Biological Potential and Bioaccessibility of Encapsulated Curcumin into Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1737. [PMID: 38139863 PMCID: PMC10747507 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural phenolic compound with important biological functions. Despite its demonstrated efficacy in vitro, curcumin biological activities in vivo are dependent on its bioaccessibility and bioavailability, which have been highlighted as a crucial challenge. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-CTAB) have been shown to be effective in curcumin encapsulation, as they have the potential to enhance biological outcomes. This study evaluated the biological effects of curcumin encapsulated within CNC-CTAB structures, namely its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, as well as the release profile under digestion conditions and intestinal permeability. Encapsulated curcumin demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, effectively reducing reactive oxygen species and cytokine production by intestinal cells. The delivery system exhibited antimicrobial properties against Campylobacter jejuni bacteria, further suggesting its potential in mitigating intestinal inflammation. The system showed the ability to protect curcumin from degradation and facilitate its interaction with the intestinal epithelium, highlighting the potential of CNC-CTAB as carrier to enhance curcumin intestinal biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Casanova
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla F Pereira
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alessandra B Ribeiro
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro M Castro
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Freixo
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eva Martins
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Tavares-Valente
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - João C Fernandes
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Pintado
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Óscar L Ramos
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
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5
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Bushra R, Ahmad M, Seidi F, Qurtulen, Song J, Jin Y, Xiao H. Polysaccharide-based nanoassemblies: From synthesis methodologies and industrial applications to future prospects. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 318:102953. [PMID: 37399637 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides, due to their remarkable features, have gained significant prominence in the sustainable production of nanoparticles (NPs). High market demand and minimal production cost, compared to the chemically synthesised NPs, demonstrate a drive towards polysaccharide-based nanoparticles (PSNPs) benign to environment. Various approaches are used for the synthesis of PSNPs including cross-linking, polyelectrolyte complexation, and self-assembly. PSNPs have the potential to replace a wide diversity of chemical-based agents within the food, health, medical and pharmacy sectors. Nevertheless, the considerable challenges associated with optimising the characteristics of PSNPs to meet specific targeting applications are of utmost importance. This review provides a detailed compilation of recent accomplishments in the synthesis of PSNPs, the fundamental principles and critical factors that govern their rational fabrication, as well as various characterisation techniques. Noteworthy, the multiple use of PSNPs in different disciplines such as biomedical, cosmetics agrochemicals, energy storage, water detoxification, and food-related realms, is accounted in detail. Insights into the toxicological impacts of the PSNPs and their possible risks to human health are addressed, and efforts made in terms of PSNPs development and optimising strategies that allow for enhanced delivery are highlighted. Finally, limitations, potential drawbacks, market diffusion, economic viability and future possibilities for PSNPs to achieve widespread commercial use are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Bushra
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mehraj Ahmad
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; College of Light Industry and Food, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Farzad Seidi
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qurtulen
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Junlong Song
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials and Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Sci & Tech, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
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Teixeira F, Silva AM, Sut S, Dall’Acqua S, Delerue-Matos C, Estevinho B, Costa PC, Rodrigues F. Development and Characterization of Microparticles with Actinidia arguta Leaves Extract by Spray-Drying: A New Mind-Set Regarding Healthy Compounds for Oral Mucositis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1496. [PMID: 37627491 PMCID: PMC10451189 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinidia arguta leaves have gained notoriety over the past years due to their rich bioactive composition with human pro-healthy effects, particularly in relation to antioxidants. Nevertheless, antioxidants are well known for their chemical instability, making it necessary to develop suitable delivery systems, such as microparticles, to provide protection and ensure a controlled release. The aim of this work was to produce polymeric particles of A. arguta leaves extract by spray-drying that may improve the oral mucositis condition. Microparticles were characterized by size, shape, antioxidant/antiradical activities, swelling capacity, moisture content, and effect on oral cells (TR146 and HSC-3) viability, with the aim to assess their potential application in this oral condition. The results attested the microparticles' spherical morphology and production yields of 41.43% and 36.40%, respectively, for empty and A. arguta leaves extract microparticles. The A. arguta leaves extract microparticles obtained the highest phenolic content (19.29 mg GAE/g) and antioxidant/antiradical activities (FRAP = 81.72 µmol FSE/g; DPPH = 4.90 mg TE/g), being perceived as an increase in moisture content and swelling capacity. No differences were observed between empty and loaded microparticles through FTIR analysis. Furthermore, the exposure to HSC-3 and TR146 did not lead to a viability decrease, attesting their safety for oral administration. Overall, these results highlight the significant potential of A. arguta leaves extract microparticles for applications in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Teixeira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (F.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Ana Margarida Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (F.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Stefania Sut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy; (S.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (F.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Berta Estevinho
- LEPABE, Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo C. Costa
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (F.T.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
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7
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Design of Innovative Biocompatible Cellulose Nanostructures for the Delivery and Sustained Release of Curcumin. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030981. [PMID: 36986845 PMCID: PMC10051681 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor aqueous solubility, stability and bioavailability of interesting bioactive compounds is a challenge in the development of bioactive formulations. Cellulose nanostructures are promising and sustainable carriers with unique features that may be used in enabling delivery strategies. In this work, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and cellulose nanofibers were investigated as carriers for the delivery of curcumin, a model liposoluble compound. Nanocellulose modification with the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), tannic acid and decylamine (TADA), and by TEMPO-mediated oxidation were also tested and compared. The carrier materials were characterized in terms of structural properties and surface charge, while the delivery systems were evaluated for their encapsulation and release properties. The release profile was assessed in conditions that mimic the gastric and intestinal fluids, and cytotoxicity studies were performed in intestinal cells to confirm safe application. Modification with CTAB and TADA resulted in high curcumin encapsulation efficiencies of 90 and 99%, respectively. While no curcumin was released from TADA-modified nanocellulose in simulated gastrointestinal conditions, CNC-CTAB allowed for a curcumin-sustained release of ca. 50% over 8 h. Furthermore, the CNC-CTAB delivery system showed no cytotoxic effects on Caco-2 intestinal cells up to 0.125 g/L, meaning that up to this concentration the system is safe to use. Overall, the use of the delivery systems allowed for the reduction in the cytotoxicity associated with higher curcumin concentrations, highlighting the potential of nanocellulose encapsulation systems.
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The Use of Corn Stover-Derived Nanocellulose as a Stabilizer of Oil-in-Water Emulsion. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030757. [PMID: 36772058 PMCID: PMC9920403 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural byproducts such as corn stover are widely available sources for preparation of nanocellulose, which is an emerging green chemical with versatile applications. In this study, corn stover-derived nanocellulose was prepared via bleaching, alkaline treatment, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation, and ultrasonication. The as-prepared TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibril (TEMPO-CNF) was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, rheometry, and zeta potential measurement. Droplet size, phase behavior, and thermodynamic stability of TEMPO-CNF stabilized oil-in-water emulsions were investigated. Results show that TEMPO-CNF with a width of 4 nm, length of 353 nm, and surface charge of 1.48 mmol/g COO- can be prepared from corn stover. In addition, TEMPO-CNF can be used as an emulsion stabilizer for lemongrass essential oil loaded oil-in-water emulsion. This study is among the first to report that TEMPO-CNF improved the freeze-thaw stability of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by small molecular weight surfactants (e.g., Tween 80).
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Qin Z, Kong F. Nanocellulose incorporated oleogel matrix for controlled-release of active ingredients in the lower gastrointestinal tract. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:615-624. [PMID: 36395944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Controlled release is often preferred for orally administrated bioactive compounds and drugs. In this study, a nanocellulose (NC) incorporated oleogel encapsulation system was developed for controlled release of active agents. 5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), an anti-inflammatory drug to treat inflammatory bowel diseases, was used as an example core ingredient for demonstrating the efficacy of the system. Oleogels with/without NC incorporation encapsulating 5-ASA were prepared and tested by in vitro digestion study, and 5-ASA released from the matrix was quantified by a novel UV-Vis spectrometric method developed in this study. The oleogel encapsulation system was characterized by assessing the encapsulation efficiency, oxidative stability, gel hardness, microstructure, and thermal stability. Results showed that sorbitan tristearate-induced oleogel system successfully protected 5-ASA during GI digestion. The incorporation of NC solutions with different NC types, concentrations and volumes further modified the release rate. Specifically, the release of 5-ASA in NC incorporated matrix was <6 % in the gastric phase, and ranged between 17.42 % - 38.28 % in the small intestine depending on the added NC type and concentration. Additionally, the incorporation of NC improved physicochemical stability of the gel matrix. The new 5-ASA quantification method developed in this study is simpler and faster compared with currently available methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijin Qin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Clarke, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Fanbin Kong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Clarke, Athens, GA, USA.
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10
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Ong XR, Chen AX, Li N, Yang YY, Luo HK. Nanocellulose: Recent Advances Toward Biomedical Applications. SMALL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Ran Ong
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Singapore
| | - Adrielle Xianwen Chen
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Ning Li
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - He-Kuan Luo
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Singapore
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11
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Evaluation of the Effects of Genistein In Vitro as a Chemopreventive Agent for Colorectal Cancer—Strategy to Improve Its Efficiency When Administered Orally. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207042. [PMID: 36296636 PMCID: PMC9612062 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) ranks third in terms of incidence and second in terms of mortality and prevalence worldwide. In relation to chemotherapy treatment, the most used drug is 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); however, the use of this drug generates various toxic effects at the systemic level. For this reason, new therapeutic strategies are currently being sought that can be used as neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatments. Recent research has shown that natural compounds, such as genistein, have chemotherapeutic and anticancer effects, but the mechanisms of action of genistein and its molecular targets in human colon cells have not been fully elucidated. The results reported in relation to non-malignant cell lines are also unclear, which does not allow evidence of the selectivity that this compound may have. Therefore, in this work, genistein was evaluated in vitro in both cancer cell lines SW480 and SW620 and in the non-malignant cell line HaCaT. The results obtained show that genistein has selectivity for the SW480 and SW620 cell lines. In addition, it inhibits cell viability and has an antiproliferative effect in a dose-dependent manner. Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also found, suggesting an association with the cell death process through various mechanisms. Finally, the encapsulation strategy that was proposed made it possible to demonstrate that bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is capable of protecting genistein from the acidic conditions of gastric fluid and also allows the release of the compound in the colonic fluid. This would allow genistein to act locally in the mucosa of the colon where the first stages of CRC occur.
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12
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Surendran G, Sherje AP. Cellulose nanofibers and composites: An insight on basics and biomedical applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Suekuni MT, D’Souza N, Allgeier AM. NMR Relaxometry Studies on the Drying Kinetics of Cellulose Nanofibers. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Toledo Suekuni
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Nicole D’Souza
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Alan M. Allgeier
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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Casanova F, Pereira CF, Ribeiro AB, Freixo R, Costa E, E. Pintado M, Fernandes JC, Ramos ÓL. Novel Micro- and Nanocellulose-Based Delivery Systems for Liposoluble Compounds. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2593. [PMID: 34685034 PMCID: PMC8540299 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Poor aqueous solubility of bioactive compounds is becoming a pronounced challenge in the development of bioactive formulations. Numerous liposoluble compounds have very interesting biological activities, but their low water solubility, stability, and bioavailability restrict their applications. To overcome these limitations there is a need to use enabling delivering strategies, which often demand new carrier materials. Cellulose and its micro- and nanostructures are promising carriers with unique features. In this context, this review describes the fast-growing field of micro- and nanocellulose based delivery systems with a focus on the release of liposoluble bioactive compounds. The state of research on this field is reviewed in this article, which also covers the chemistry, preparation, properties, and applications of micro- and nanocellulose based delivery systems. Although there are promising perspectives for introducing these materials into various fields, aspects of safety and toxicity must be revealed and are discussed in this review. The impact of gastrointestinal conditions on the systems and on the bioavailability of the bioactive compounds are also addressed in this review. This article helps to unveil the whole panorama of micro- and nanocellulose as delivery systems for liposoluble compounds, showing that these represent a great promise in a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla F. Pereira
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (F.C.); (A.B.R.); (R.F.); (E.C.); (M.E.P.); (J.C.F.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Óscar L. Ramos
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (F.C.); (A.B.R.); (R.F.); (E.C.); (M.E.P.); (J.C.F.)
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Cellulose Nanofibers Improve the Performance of Retrograded Starch/Pectin Microparticles for Colon-Specific Delivery of 5-ASA. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091515. [PMID: 34575591 PMCID: PMC8466724 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were employed as the nanoreinforcement of a retrograded starch/pectin (RS/P) excipient to optimize its colon-specific properties. Although starch retrogradation ranged from 32 to 73%, CNF addition discretely disfavored the RS yield. This result agrees with the finding that in situ CNF reduces the presence of the RS crystallinity pattern. A thermal analysis revealed that the contribution of pectin improves the thermal stability of the RS/CNF mixture. Through a complete factorial design, it was possible to optimize the spray-drying conditions to obtain powders with high yield (57%) and low moisture content (1.2%). The powders observed by Field Emission Gum Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM) had 1–10 µm and a circular shape. The developed methodology allowed us to obtain 5-aminosalicilic acid-loaded microparticles with high encapsulation efficiency (16–98%) and drug loading (1.97–26.63%). The presence of CNF in RS/P samples was responsible for decreasing the burst effect of release in simulated gastric and duodenal media, allowing the greatest mass of drug to be targeted to the colon. Considering that spray-drying is a scalable process, widely used by the pharmaceutical industry, the results obtained indicate the potential of these microparticles as raw material for obtaining other dosage forms to deliver 5-ASA to the distal parts of gastrointestinal tract, affected by inflammatory bowel disease.
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Kak A, Parhi A, Rasco BA, Tang J, Sablani SS. Improving the oxygen barrier of microcapsules using cellulose nanofibres. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atisheel Kak
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State University 1935 E. Grimes Way Pullman WA 99164‐6120 USA
| | - Ashutos Parhi
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State University 1935 E. Grimes Way Pullman WA 99164‐6120 USA
| | - Barbara A. Rasco
- College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Wyoming 1000 E. University Laramie WY 82072 USA
| | - Juming Tang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State University 1935 E. Grimes Way Pullman WA 99164‐6120 USA
| | - Shyam S. Sablani
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State University 1935 E. Grimes Way Pullman WA 99164‐6120 USA
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17
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Zaitone BA, Al-Zahrani A. Spray Drying of Cellulose Nanofibers: Drying Kinetics Modeling of a Single Droplet and Particle Formation. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202000579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Belal Al Zaitone
- King Abdulaziz University Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Al-Oloum street 21589 Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahim Al-Zahrani
- King Abdulaziz University Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Al-Oloum street 21589 Jeddah Saudi Arabia
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18
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Picot-Allain MCN, Emmambux MN. Isolation, Characterization, and Application of Nanocellulose from Agro-industrial By-products: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1928689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kamdem Tamo A, Doench I, Walter L, Montembault A, Sudre G, David L, Morales-Helguera A, Selig M, Rolauffs B, Bernstein A, Hoenders D, Walther A, Osorio-Madrazo A. Development of Bioinspired Functional Chitosan/Cellulose Nanofiber 3D Hydrogel Constructs by 3D Printing for Application in the Engineering of Mechanically Demanding Tissues. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1663. [PMID: 34065272 PMCID: PMC8160918 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissues are commonly fiber-reinforced hydrogel composite structures, distinguishable from hard tissues by their low mineral and high water content. In this work, we proposed the development of 3D printed hydrogel constructs of the biopolymers chitosan (CHI) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), both without any chemical modification, which processing did not incorporate any chemical crosslinking. The unique mechanical properties of native cellulose nanofibers offer new strategies for the design of environmentally friendly high mechanical performance composites. In the here proposed 3D printed bioinspired CNF-filled CHI hydrogel biomaterials, the chitosan serves as a biocompatible matrix promoting cell growth with balanced hydrophilic properties, while the CNFs provide mechanical reinforcement to the CHI-based hydrogel. By means of extrusion-based printing (EBB), the design and development of 3D functional hydrogel scaffolds was achieved by using low concentrations of chitosan (2.0-3.0% (w/v)) and cellulose nanofibers (0.2-0.4% (w/v)). CHI/CNF printed hydrogels with good mechanical performance (Young's modulus 3.0 MPa, stress at break 1.5 MPa, and strain at break 75%), anisotropic microstructure and suitable biological response, were achieved. The CHI/CNF composition and processing parameters were optimized in terms of 3D printability, resolution, and quality of the constructs (microstructure and mechanical properties), resulting in good cell viability. This work allows expanding the library of the so far used biopolymer compositions for 3D printing of mechanically performant hydrogel constructs, purely based in the natural polymers chitosan and cellulose, offering new perspectives in the engineering of mechanically demanding hydrogel tissues like intervertebral disc (IVD), cartilage, meniscus, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Kamdem Tamo
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Doench
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Walter
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Montembault
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères IMP UMR 5223—CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (G.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Guillaume Sudre
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères IMP UMR 5223—CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (G.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Laurent David
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères IMP UMR 5223—CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (A.M.); (G.S.); (L.D.)
| | - Aliuska Morales-Helguera
- Chemical Bioactive Center CBQ, Molecular Simulation and Drug Design Group, Central University of Las Villas, Santa Clara 50400, Cuba;
| | - Mischa Selig
- Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis—G.E.R.N., Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (M.S.); (B.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis—G.E.R.N., Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (M.S.); (B.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Anke Bernstein
- Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration & Neogenesis—G.E.R.N., Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; (M.S.); (B.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniel Hoenders
- Department of Chemistry, University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Andreas Walther
- Department of Chemistry, University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Anayancy Osorio-Madrazo
- Laboratory for Sensors, Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.); (L.W.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center—FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies—FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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20
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Abstract
Abstract
The presented chapter deals with structure, morphology, and properties aspects concerning cellulose-based polymers in both research and industrial production, such as cellulose fibers, cellulose membranes, cellulose nanocrystals, and bacterial cellulose, etc. The idea was to highlight the main cellulose-based polymers and cellulose derivatives, as well as the dissolution technologies in processing cellulose-based products. The structure and properties of cellulose are introduced briefly. The main attention has been paid to swelling and dissolution of cellulose in order to yield various kinds of cellulose derivatives through polymerization. The main mechanisms and methods are also presented. Finally, the environmental friendly and green cellulose-based polymers will be evaluated as one of the multifunctional and smart materials with significant progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhou
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an 710048 , P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an 710048 , P. R. China
| | - Yaya Hao
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an 710048 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an 710048 , P. R. China
| | - Xinyu He
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an 710048 , P. R. China
| | - Chaoqun Zhang
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , P. R. China
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21
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22
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MFC/NFC-Based Foam/Aerogel for Production of Porous Materials: Preparation, Properties and Applications. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13235568. [PMID: 33297365 PMCID: PMC7729816 DOI: 10.3390/ma13235568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanofibrillated cellulose and microfibrillated cellulose are potential raw materials separated from plant fibers with a high aspect ratio and excellent mechanical properties, which can be applied in various fields (packaging, medicine, etc.). They have unique advantages in the preparation of aerogels and foams, and have attracted widespread attention in recent years. Cellulose-based porous materials have good biodegradability and biocompatibility, while high porosity and high specific surface area endow them with strong mechanical properties and liquid retention performance, which can be used in wall construction, sewage treatment and other fields. At present, the preparation method of this material has been widely reported, however, due to various process problems, the actual production has not been realized. In this paper, we summarize the existing technical problems and main solutions; in the meantime, two stable systems and several drying processes are described, and the application potential of cellulose-based porous materials in the future is described, which provides a reference for subsequent research.
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23
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Versatile Types of Polysaccharide-Based Drug Delivery Systems: From Strategic Design to Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239159. [PMID: 33271967 PMCID: PMC7729619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is still the most direct and effective means of cancer therapy nowadays. The proposal of drug delivery systems (DDSs) has effectively improved many shortcomings of traditional chemotherapy drugs. The technical support of DDSs lies in their excellent material properties. Polysaccharides include a series of natural polymers, such as chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and alginic acid. These polysaccharides have good biocompatibility and degradability, and they are easily chemical modified. Therefore, polysaccharides are ideal candidate materials to construct DDSs, and their clinical application prospects have been favored by researchers. On the basis of versatile types of polysaccharides, this review elaborates their applications from strategic design to cancer therapy. The construction and modification methods of polysaccharide-based DDSs are specifically explained, and the latest research progress of polysaccharide-based DDSs in cancer therapy are also summarized. The purpose of this review is to provide a reference for the design and preparation of polysaccharide-based DDSs with excellent performance.
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Kelly PV, Cheng P, Gardner DJ, Gramlich WM. Aqueous Polymer Modification of Cellulose Nanofibrils by Grafting-Through a Reactive Methacrylate Group. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000531. [PMID: 33205506 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Modifying the surface of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) produced by mechanical refinement with a variety of polymer functional groups in an entirely water-based system is challenging because only surface hydroxyl groups are accessible. To address this limitation, an entirely water-based, polymer modification scheme is developed. CNFs are functionalized with a reactive methacrylate functional group followed by subsequent grafting-through polymerization. This modification worked with a variety of water-soluble and water-insoluble (meth)acrylates and (meth)acrylamides, grafting up to 45 wt% polymer on to the CNFs. The reaction conditions introducing the methacrylate functional group are adjusted to vary the degree of functionality. Soxhlet extraction of modified samples demonstrates that the reactive methacrylate group is necessary to facilitate polymer grafting. The degree of functionalization of the polymers is studied via quantitative transmission IR spectroscopy and the morphology of the resulting cellulose nanofibrils is studied via a combination of optical, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopy. High levels of polymer modification do not significantly affect the micrometer-scale fibril morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter V Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Douglas J Gardner
- School of Forest Resources, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.,Advanced Structures and Composites Center, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - William M Gramlich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA.,Advanced Structures and Composites Center, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
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Nehra P, Chauhan RP. Eco-friendly nanocellulose and its biomedical applications: current status and future prospect. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 32:112-149. [PMID: 32892717 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1817706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is the earth's leading natural polymer. It is known for its properties like biocompatibility, high mechanical strength, cost-effectiveness and lightweight. Nanocellulose displays better properties as compared to the native cellulose fibre. The nanocellulose is very remunerative in the arenas of routine application especially in health care, food industry, sanitary products and many more. In the biomedical area, cellulose-based products are utilized in applications like wound healing, dental applications, drug delivery, antimicrobial material, etc. Nanocellulose biomaterials have been commercialised, representing the material of new generation. With the objective to comprehend the contribution of nanocellulose in the current status and future development in biomedical utilisations, the review is focused on cellulose, nanocellulose, types and sources of nanocellulose, its preparation, characteristics, constraints related to its composites through the analysis of certain scientific reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Nehra
- School of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, India
| | - R P Chauhan
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, India
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Yan G, Chen B, Zeng X, Sun Y, Tang X, Lin L. Recent advances on sustainable cellulosic materials for pharmaceutical carrier applications. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 244:116492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Meneguin AB, da Silva Barud H, Sábio RM, de Sousa PZ, Manieri KF, de Freitas LAP, Pacheco G, Alonso JD, Chorilli M. Spray-dried bacterial cellulose nanofibers: A new generation of pharmaceutical excipient intended for intestinal drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 249:116838. [PMID: 32933682 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Defibrillation of bacterial cellulose by ultra-refining was efficient to release nanofibers (BCNF) which were spray dried with the matrices formers mannitol (MN), maltodextrin or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. The best microsystem comprised the association of BCNF and MN, so the selected microparticles were loaded with diclofenac sodium or caffeine. Depending on the proportion of BCNF, the nanofibers collapse promoted by spray drying can occur onto surface or into microparticles core, leading to different release behaviors. Samples showed pH-dependent drug release, so the microsystem developed with the lowest BCNF concentration showed important trend to gastroresistance. Caffeine was spray dried as a free drug and for this reason it was devoid of any control over release rates. The set of results showed BCNF can be considered an interesting and potential pharmaceutical excipient for lipophilic drugs. Beyond that, BCNF association with MN can lead to novel enteric drug delivery systems based on natural polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréia Bagliotti Meneguin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil.
| | - Hernane da Silva Barud
- Laboratory of Biopolymers and Biomaterials, University of Araraquara, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-320, Brazil
| | - Rafael Miguel Sábio
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Paula Zanin de Sousa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Karyn Fernanda Manieri
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Pacheco
- Laboratory of Biopolymers and Biomaterials, University of Araraquara, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-320, Brazil
| | - Jovan Duran Alonso
- Analytical Chemistry Department, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-970, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
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28
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Kamel R, El-Wakil NA, Dufresne A, Elkasabgy NA. Nanocellulose: From an agricultural waste to a valuable pharmaceutical ingredient. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1579-1590. [PMID: 32755697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose was and still is the most abundant biopolymer generated from all plant fibers including agricultural wastes. Using this waste as a starting material in the production of new products is a field of great interest. The demand for renewable and available resources in combination with advanced technologies is a necessity to develop new generations of advanced nanomaterials. This review aims to present integrated details on the extraction techniques and structure of nanofibrillated cellulose as well as cellulose nanocrystals derived from agricultural wastes besides the different treatment methods used to be suitable for several pharmaceutical applications. Different pharmaceutical applications are described, including controlled, sustained or rapid drug delivery, stabilizing agent, and its use as safe and sustained environment for cell culture allowing its use in tissue engineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Kamel
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Nahla A El-Wakil
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Alain Dufresne
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nermeen A Elkasabgy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt..
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Kamdem Tamo A, Doench I, Morales Helguera A, Hoenders D, Walther A, Madrazo AO. Biodegradation of Crystalline Cellulose Nanofibers by Means of Enzyme Immobilized-Alginate Beads and Microparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1522. [PMID: 32660071 PMCID: PMC7407417 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in nanocellulose technology have revealed the potential of crystalline cellulose nanofibers to reinforce materials which are useful for tissue engineering, among other functions. However, the low biodegradability of nanocellulose can possess some problems in biomedical applications. In this work, alginate particles with encapsulated enzyme cellulase extracted from Trichoderma reesei were prepared for the biodegradation of crystalline cellulose nanofibers, which carrier system could be incorporated in tissue engineering biomaterials to degrade the crystalline cellulose nanoreinforcement in situ and on-demand during tissue regeneration. Both alginate beads and microparticles were processed by extrusion-dropping and inkjet-based methods, respectively. Processing parameters like the alginate concentration, concentration of ionic crosslinker Ca2+, hardening time, and ionic strength of the medium were varied. The hydrolytic activity of the free and encapsulated enzyme was evaluated for unmodified (CNFs) and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNFs) in suspension (heterogeneous conditions); in comparison to solubilized cellulose derivatives (homogeneous conditions). The enzymatic activity was evaluated for temperatures between 25-75 °C, pH range from 3.5 to 8.0 and incubation times until 21 d. Encapsulated cellulase in general displayed higher activity compared to the free enzyme over wider temperature and pH ranges and for longer incubation times. A statistical design allowed optimizing the processing parameters for the preparation of enzyme-encapsulated alginate particles presenting the highest enzymatic activity and sphericity. The statistical analysis yielded the optimum particles characteristics and properties by using a formulation of 2% (w/v) alginate, a coagulation bath of 0.2 M CaCl2 and a hardening time of 1 h. In homogeneous conditions the highest catalytic activity was obtained at 55 °C and pH 4.8. These temperature and pH values were considered to study the biodegradation of the crystalline cellulose nanofibers in suspension. The encapsulated cellulase preserved its activity for several weeks over that of the free enzyme, which latter considerably decreased and practically showed deactivation after just 10 d. The alginate microparticles with their high surface area-to-volume ratio effectively allowed the controlled release of the encapsulated enzyme and thereby the sustained hydrolysis of the cellulose nanofibers. The relative activity of cellulase encapsulated in the microparticles leveled-off at around 60% after one day and practically remained at that value for three weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Kamdem Tamo
- Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Doench
- Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aliuska Morales Helguera
- Chemical Bioactive Center CBQ, Molecular Simulation and Drug Design Group, Central University of Las Villas, Santa Clara 54830, Cuba;
| | - Daniel Hoenders
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anayancy Osorio Madrazo
- Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (A.K.T.); (I.D.)
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (D.H.); (A.W.)
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
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Teixeira MA, Paiva MC, Amorim MTP, Felgueiras HP. Electrospun Nanocomposites Containing Cellulose and Its Derivatives Modified with Specialized Biomolecules for an Enhanced Wound Healing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E557. [PMID: 32204521 PMCID: PMC7153368 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing requires careful, directed, and effective therapies to prevent infections and accelerate tissue regeneration. In light of these demands, active biomolecules with antibacterial properties and/or healing capacities have been functionalized onto nanostructured polymeric dressings and their synergistic effect examined. In this work, various antibiotics, nanoparticles, and natural extract-derived products that were used in association with electrospun nanocomposites containing cellulose, cellulose acetate and different types of nanocellulose (cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, and bacterial cellulose) have been reviewed. Renewable, natural-origin compounds are gaining more relevance each day as potential alternatives to synthetic materials, since the former undesirable footprints in biomedicine, the environment, and the ecosystems are reaching concerning levels. Therefore, cellulose and its derivatives have been the object of numerous biomedical studies, in which their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and, most importantly, sustainability and abundance, have been determinant. A complete overview of the recently produced cellulose-containing nanofibrous meshes for wound healing applications was provided. Moreover, the current challenges that are faced by cellulose acetate- and nanocellulose-containing wound dressing formulations, processed by electrospinning, were also enumerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A. Teixeira
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.A.T.); (M.T.P.A.)
| | - Maria C. Paiva
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Institute for Polymers and Composites/i3N, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
| | - M. Teresa P. Amorim
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.A.T.); (M.T.P.A.)
| | - Helena P. Felgueiras
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.A.T.); (M.T.P.A.)
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31
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Cellulose Nanofibers and Other Biopolymers for Biomedical Applications. A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app10010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biopolymers are materials synthesised or derived from natural sources, such as plants, animals, microorganisms or any other living organism. The use of these polymers has grown significantly in recent years as industry shifts away from unsustainable fossil fuel resources and looks towards a softer and more sustainable environmental approach. This review article covers the main classes of biopolymers: Polysaccharides, proteins, microbial-derived and lignin. In addition, an overview of the leading biomedical applications of biopolymers is also provided, which includes tissue engineering, medical implants, wound dressings, and the delivery of bioactive molecules. The future clinical applications of biopolymers are vast, due to their inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability and low immunogenicity. All properties which their synthetic counterparts do not share.
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In vitro investigation of the influence of nano-cellulose on starch and milk digestion and mineral adsorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 137:1278-1285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.06.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Fujisawa S, Togawa E, Kuroda K, Saito T, Isogai A. Fabrication of ultrathin nanocellulose shells on tough microparticles via an emulsion-templated colloidal assembly: towards versatile carrier materials. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:15004-15009. [PMID: 31298680 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02612f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we develop a robust approach to forming an ∼8 nm thick cellulose nanofiber (CNF) shell on polymer microparticles through an emulsion-templated assembly. The median diameter of the CNF-shelled microparticles was 3.0 μm. The microparticles showed good dispersibility in water with a ζ-potential of -46.7 ± 0.5 mV and had good mechanical resistance. The surface CNF shells showed pH-sensitive drug loading/releasing properties, which suggest potential for a range of therapeutic and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Fujisawa
- Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Tayeb P, H Tayeb A. Nanocellulose applications in sustainable electrochemical and piezoelectric systems: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 224:115149. [PMID: 31472850 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies advocate the use of cellulose nanomaterials (CNs) as a sustainable carbohydrate polymer in numerous innovative electronics for their quintessential features such as flexibility, low thermal expansion and self-/directed assembly within multiphase matrices. Herein, we review the contemporary advances in CN-built electrochemical systems and highlight the constructive effects of these nanoscopic entities once engineered in conductive composites, proton exchange membranes (PEMs), electrochromics, energy storage devices and piezoelectric sensors. The adopted strategies and designs are discussed in view of CN roles as copolymer, electrolyte reservoir, binder and separator. Finally, physiochemical attributes and durability of resulting architectures are compared to conventional materials and the possible challenges/solutions are delineated to realize the promising capabilities. The volume of the up-to-present literature in the field indeed implies to nanocellulose overriding importance and the presented angles perhaps shed more lights on prospect of the biosphere's most dominant biomaterial in the energy-related arena that deserve attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Tayeb
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Ali H Tayeb
- School of Forest Resources, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Advanced Structures and Composites Center, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
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35
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In vitro investigation of the influence of nano-fibrillated cellulose on lipid digestion and absorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:361-366. [PMID: 31369785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanocellulose, including nano-fibrillated cellulose (NFC), has been a topic of significant interest and a number of studies have focused on using it for the fabrication of stable oil-in-water emulsions. However, limited studies have been performed to understand the potential influence of NFC on lipid digestion and absorption. In this study, a simulated digestion model, consisting of salivary, gastric and intestinal digestion phases, was used to investigate the effects of NFC on lipid digestion and absorption. To better understand the mechanisms behind, the effects of NFC on lipase activity, micellar solubility of cholesterol and bile acid diffusion were studied in addition to the cholesterol adsorption capacity of NFC, with conventional cellulose as a comparison. Results showed that NFC slightly reduced lipase activity, but NFC or cellulose at concentrations up to 1.1% (w/w) did not significantly influence lipid digestion under simulated intestinal conditions. Moreover, NFC showed greater bile acid retardation effect than cellulose, and slightly higher cholesterol adsorption capacity probably due to its larger specific surface area. Nonetheless, NFC did not significantly affect micellar solubility of cholesterol. These results suggest that NFC, when added into fat-rich foods, may have health benefits via its viscosity effect and retardation effect on bile acid absorption.
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36
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Sun B, Zhang M, Shen J, He Z, Fatehi P, Ni Y. Applications of Cellulose-based Materials in Sustained Drug Delivery Systems. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:2485-2501. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170705143308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bio-compatible, bio-degradable, and bio-available excipients are of critical interest
for drug delivery systems. Cellulose and its derivative-based excipients have been
well studied due to their green/natural and unique encapsulation/binding properties. They
are often used in controlled/sustained drug delivery systems. In these applications, cellulose
and its derivatives function generally can modify the solubility/gelling behavior of
drugs, resulting in different mechanisms for controlling the release profiles of drugs. In
this paper, the current knowledge in the structure and chemistry of conventional cellulose
derivatives, and their applications in drug delivery systems are briefly reviewed. The development
of innovative cellulose-based materials, including micro-cellulose (MC) and
nano-cellulose (NC) in the applications of sustained drug delivery, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Zhibin He
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Pedram Fatehi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Yonghao Ni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
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Hamad WY, Miao C, Beck S. Growing the Bioeconomy: Advances in the Development of Applications for Cellulose Filaments and Nanocrystals. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2019.29172.qyh] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wadood Y. Hamad
- FPInnovations, Vancouver, Canada
- Wadood Y. Hamad is Research Manager, Transformation and Interfaces Group, Bioproducts Innovation Centre of Excellence, FPInnovations, a not-for-profit R&D private organization that specializes in the creation of solutions that accelerate the growth of the Canadian forest sector and its affiliated industries to enhance their global competitiveness. Web: . Address: 2665 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4. Web: Phone: (604) 225-5839
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Influence of nanocellulose on in vitro digestion of whey protein isolate. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 210:399-411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Amorphisation of Free Acid Ibuprofen and Other Profens in Mixtures with Nanocellulose: Dry Powder Formulation Strategy for Enhanced Solubility. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11020068. [PMID: 30736357 PMCID: PMC6409705 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The formulation of arylpropionic acid derivatives (profens), which are poorly soluble Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Type II drugs, has a strong impact on their therapeutic action. This article shows that heat-treated powder mixtures of free acid profens with high surface area Cladophora cellulose induces drug amorphization and results in enhanced solubility and bioavailability. Similar mixtures produced using conventional low surface area cellulose, i.e., microcrystalline cellulose, does not produce the same effect. The concept is thoroughly described and links the solid-state characterization data, such as differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy, with in vitro dissolution in biorelevant media and in vivo pharmacokinetic analysis in rats. The concept is demonstrated for several substances from the profens group, including ibuprofen (main model drug), ketoprofen, flurbiprofen, and naproxen. The presented approach opens new ways to produce solid dosage forms of profen drugs in their free acidic form as alternatives to existing analogues, e.g., drug-salt conjugates or soft gel liquid capsules.
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Bacakova L, Pajorova J, Bacakova M, Skogberg A, Kallio P, Kolarova K, Svorcik V. Versatile Application of Nanocellulose: From Industry to Skin Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9020164. [PMID: 30699947 PMCID: PMC6410160 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanocellulose is cellulose in the form of nanostructures, i.e., features not exceeding 100 nm at least in one dimension. These nanostructures include nanofibrils, found in bacterial cellulose; nanofibers, present particularly in electrospun matrices; and nanowhiskers, nanocrystals, nanorods, and nanoballs. These structures can be further assembled into bigger two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) nano-, micro-, and macro-structures, such as nanoplatelets, membranes, films, microparticles, and porous macroscopic matrices. There are four main sources of nanocellulose: bacteria (Gluconacetobacter), plants (trees, shrubs, herbs), algae (Cladophora), and animals (Tunicata). Nanocellulose has emerged for a wide range of industrial, technology, and biomedical applications, namely for adsorption, ultrafiltration, packaging, conservation of historical artifacts, thermal insulation and fire retardation, energy extraction and storage, acoustics, sensorics, controlled drug delivery, and particularly for tissue engineering. Nanocellulose is promising for use in scaffolds for engineering of blood vessels, neural tissue, bone, cartilage, liver, adipose tissue, urethra and dura mater, for repairing connective tissue and congenital heart defects, and for constructing contact lenses and protective barriers. This review is focused on applications of nanocellulose in skin tissue engineering and wound healing as a scaffold for cell growth, for delivering cells into wounds, and as a material for advanced wound dressings coupled with drug delivery, transparency and sensorics. Potential cytotoxicity and immunogenicity of nanocellulose are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Bacakova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4-Krc, Czech Republic.
| | - Julia Pajorova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4-Krc, Czech Republic.
| | - Marketa Bacakova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4-Krc, Czech Republic.
| | - Anne Skogberg
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Pasi Kallio
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Katerina Kolarova
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6-Dejvice, Czech Republic.
| | - Vaclav Svorcik
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6-Dejvice, Czech Republic.
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Sheikhi A, Hayashi J, Eichenbaum J, Gutin M, Kuntjoro N, Khorsandi D, Khademhosseini A. Recent advances in nanoengineering cellulose for cargo delivery. J Control Release 2019; 294:53-76. [PMID: 30500355 PMCID: PMC6385607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The recent decade has witnessed a growing demand to substitute synthetic materials with naturally-derived platforms for minimizing their undesirable footprints in biomedicine, environment, and ecosystems. Among the natural materials, cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer in the world with key properties, such as biocompatibility, biorenewability, and sustainability has drawn significant attention. The hierarchical structure of cellulose fibers, one of the main constituents of plant cell walls, has been nanoengineered and broken down to nanoscale building blocks, providing an infrastructure for nanomedicine. Microorganisms, such as certain types of bacteria, are another source of nanocelluloses known as bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), which benefit from high purity and crystallinity. Chemical and mechanical treatments of cellulose fibrils made up of alternating crystalline and amorphous regions have yielded cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), hairy CNC (HCNC), and cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) with dimensions spanning from a few nanometers up to several microns. Cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibrils may readily bind drugs, proteins, and nanoparticles through physical interactions or be chemically modified to covalently accommodate cargos. Engineering surface properties, such as chemical functionality, charge, area, crystallinity, and hydrophilicity, plays a pivotal role in controlling the cargo loading/releasing capacity and rate, stability, toxicity, immunogenicity, and biodegradation of nanocellulose-based delivery platforms. This review provides insights into the recent advances in nanoengineering cellulose crystals and fibrils to develop vehicles, encompassing colloidal nanoparticles, hydrogels, aerogels, films, coatings, capsules, and membranes, for the delivery of a broad range of bioactive cargos, such as chemotherapeutic drugs, anti-inflammatory agents, antibacterial compounds, and probiotics. SYNOPSIS: Engineering certain types of microorganisms as well as the hierarchical structure of cellulose fibers, one of the main building blocks of plant cell walls, has yielded unique families of cellulose-based nanomaterials, which have leveraged the effective delivery of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sheikhi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Joel Hayashi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - James Eichenbaum
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mark Gutin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nicole Kuntjoro
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Danial Khorsandi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California - Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California - Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California - Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California - Los Angeles, 5531 Boelter Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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42
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Nanocellulose Composite Biomaterials in Industry and Medicine. BIOLOGICALLY-INSPIRED SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12919-4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Enhancement of hemostatic property of plant derived oxidized nanocellulose-silk fibroin based scaffolds by thrombin loading. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 208:168-179. [PMID: 30658788 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To combat post-surgical and traumatic bleeding conditions effective hemostasis is of great importance. The study was designed to investigate the effect of thrombin (Th) loading on hemostatic performance of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCN)-silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds. Addition of SF with TOCN significantly (***P < 0.001) increased blood absorption capacity and improved biocompatibility of TOCN. Thrombin loading potentiated platelet activation and hemostatic property of scaffolds (TOCN-SF-Th) compared to samples without thrombin (TOCN-SF). The hemostatic time of TOCN-SF5-Th in rabbit ear artery bleeding model was reduced (*** P < 0.001) to 114 s from 220 s of TOCN-SF5. Reduction in bleeding time and blood loss of TOCN-SF5-Th in rat tail amputation and liver avulsion model was comparable to commercial hemostat (Floseal). Surface morphology (SEM) of samples applied on bleeding site showed that RBCs and fibrin fiber could strongly interact with TOCN-SF and TOCN-SF-Th scaffolds. The result suggests that TOCN-SF-Th can be a promising candidate for designing hemostatic agents.
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Shishir MRI, Xie L, Sun C, Zheng X, Chen W. Advances in micro and nano-encapsulation of bioactive compounds using biopolymer and lipid-based transporters. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hujaya SD, Lorite GS, Vainio SJ, Liimatainen H. Polyion complex hydrogels from chemically modified cellulose nanofibrils: Structure-function relationship and potential for controlled and pH-responsive release of doxorubicin. Acta Biomater 2018; 75:346-357. [PMID: 29885527 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the fabrication of a polyion complex hydrogel from two oppositely charged derivatives of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF). CNF was produced from dissolving pulp through subsequent periodate oxidation, chemical modification, and microfluidization. Three different durations for periodate oxidation (30 min, 120 min, and 180 min) resulted in three different aldehyde contents. Further, two types of chemical modifications were introduced to react with the resulting aldehydes: chlorite oxidation to yield anionic CNF with carboxylic acid groups (DCC) and imination with Girard's reagent T to yield cationic CNF containing quaternary ammonium groups (CDAC). Functional group contents were assessed using conductometric titration and elemental analysis, while nanofibril morphologies were assessed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Longer durations of periodate oxidation did not yield different width profile but was found to decrease fibril length. The formation of self-standing hydrogel through mixing of DCC and CDAC dispersions was investigated. Oscillatory rheology was performed to assess the relative strengths of different gels. Self-standing hydrogels were obtained from mixture of DCC180 and CDAC180 dispersions in acetate buffer at pH 4 and 5 at a low concentration of 0.5% w/w that displayed approximately 10-fold increase in storage and loss moduli compared to those of the individual dispersions. Self-standing gels containing doxorubicin (an anticancer drug) displayed pH-responsive release profiles. At physiological pH 7.4, approximately 65% of doxorubicin was retained past a burst release regime, while complete release was observed within 5 days at pH 4. Biocompatibility of DCC180, CDAC180, and their mixture were investigated through quantification of the metabolic activity of NIH3T3 cells in vitro. No significant cytotoxicity was observed at concentrations up to 900 µg/mL. In short, the nanocellulose-based polyion complex hydrogels obtained in this study are promising nature-derived materials for biomedical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate that polyion complex can be formed between two cellulose nanofibrils containing complementary charges. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that polyion complex formation between complementarily-modified cellulose nanofibrils has been reported, and the results may lead to new ideas on applications of the very promising nanocellulosic materials. The polyion complex helps form a self-standing network that is demonstrated to provide controlled and pH-responsive release of doxorubicin. Particularly, the report explores the connection between the physical properties of functionalizable nanocellulosic materials and their potential biomedical applications. Thus, the study encompasses several broad fields of materials science and engineering, chemistry, and biomedical science that we believe is in line with the readers' interests.
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Entangled and colloidally stable microcrystalline cellulose matrices in controlled drug release. Int J Pharm 2018; 548:113-119. [PMID: 29920312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug release from a new type of matrix material consisting of partially fibrillated microcrystalline cellulose was investigated. A mechanical treatment of novel AaltoCell™ cellulose microcrystals caused partial opening of the nanofibrillary structure of the cellulose particles and entanglement of individual particles led into formation of an elastic network of microcrystalline cellulose. The rheological properties of the stable hydrogel-like materials were characterised by shear rheometry. Model compounds metronidazole and lysozyme were successfully employed in drug release experiments carried out by delignified (bleached) and lignin-containing matrices. The viscosity as well as the lignin-content played a role in the release dynamics of the drugs. Microcrystalline AaltoCell™ was proven as high-performing material for diffusion controlled release of the chosen model compounds and can be seen as a safe and economical alternative for novel matrix materials such as nanocellulose or cellulose derivatives.
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Suk KH, Gopinath SC, Anbu P, Lakshmipriya T. Cellulose nanoparticles encapsulated cow urine for effective inhibition of pathogens. POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wan XF, Liu BL, Yu T, Yan N, Chai XS, Li YM, Chen GX. Determination of lysine content based on an in situ pretreatment and headspace gas chromatographic measurement technique. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3111-3117. [PMID: 29552734 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0998-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This work reports on a simple method for the determination of lysine content by an in situ sample pretreatment and headspace gas chromatographic measurement (HS-GC) technique, based on carbon dioxide (CO2) formation from the pretreatment reaction (between lysine and ninhydrin solution) in a closed vial. It was observed that complete lysine conversion to CO2 could be achieved within 60 min at 60 °C in a phosphate buffer medium (pH = 4.0), with a minimum molar ratio of ninhydrin/lysine of 16. The results showed that the method had a good precision (RSD < 5.23%) and accuracy (within 6.80%), compared to the results measured by a reference method (ninhydrin spectroscopic method). Due to the feature of in situ sample pretreatment and headspace measurement, the present method becomes very simple and particularly suitable to be used for batch sample analysis in lysine-related research and applications. Graphical abstract The flow path of the reaction and HS-GC measurement for the lysine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Bao-Lian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Teng Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Ning Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Xin-Sheng Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China.
| | - You-Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Guang-Xue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
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Alizadeh N, Akbari V, Nurani M, Taheri A. Preparation of an injectable doxorubicin surface modified cellulose nanofiber gel and evaluation of its anti-tumor and anti-metastasis activity in melanoma. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:537-545. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Alizadeh
- Dept. of Pharmaceutics; Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Vajihe Akbari
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Research Center; Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Maryam Nurani
- Dept. of Pharmaceutics; Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Azade Taheri
- Dept. of Pharmaceutics; Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical sciences; Isfahan Iran
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Walz M, Hirth T, Weber A. Investigation of chemically modified inulin as encapsulation material for pharmaceutical substances by spray-drying. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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