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Albash R, Abdelbari MA, Elbesh RM, Khaleel EF, Badi RM, Eldehna WM, Elkaeed EB, El Hassab MA, Ahmed SM, Mosallam S. Sonophoresis mediated diffusion of caffeine loaded Transcutol® enriched cerosomes for topical management of cellulite. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 201:106875. [PMID: 39121922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The goal of this research was to augment the deposition of caffeine loaded Transcutol® enriched cerosomes (TECs) gel for efficient topical treatment of cellulite utilizing the sonophoresis technique. Caffeine-loaded TECs were prepared using thin film hydration method applying 23 factorial design to study the impact of different factors, each with two levels on the entrapment efficiency (EE%), particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) of the formulated TECs. The studied factors were cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) amount (mg) (X1), phosphatidylcholine (PC) amount (mg) (X2), and Transcutol® amount (mg) (X3). Design-Expert® software was utilized to determine the optimum TECs formulation. Afterward, the optimum TECs formulation was loaded into a gel and subjected to extra investigations. The optimum TECs formulation was (TEC5) which was prepared using 10 mg of CTAB, 150 mg of PC, and 10 mg of Transcutol®. TEC5 presented EE% of 87.44 ± 0.14 %, PS of 308.60 ± 13.38 nm, PDI of 0.455 ± 0.030, and ZP of 50.20 ± 1.55 mV. TEC5 had a fiber-like morphology, with elongated tubules of ceramide. Further, the optimum TECs formulation showed a high stability profile. Moreover, an in vivo dermatokinetic study showed superior deposition of caffeine from TEC5 gel coupled with the sonophoresis on rat skin compared to TEC5 gel and caffeine gel. Moreover, the histopathological study of TEC5 on rat skin confirmed the non-irritant nature of TEC 5 gel mediated by ultrasonic waves through the skin. Overall, the outcomes exposed the obvious superiority of sonophoresis delivered TECs-gel for topical delivery of caffeine for cellulite management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rofida Albash
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Manar Adel Abdelbari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rovan M Elbesh
- Department of Physical Therapy for Women's Health, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman F Khaleel
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Mustafa Badi
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria; Canal El Mahmoudia St., Alexandria 21648, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A El Hassab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Sara Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Mosallam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
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2
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Ahmed S, Farag MM, Sadek MA, Aziz DE. Transdermal application of diacerin loaded-terpene enriched invasomes: an approach to augment anti-edema and nociception inhibition activity. J Liposome Res 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39074044 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2024.2382974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to formulate diacerein loaded terpene-enriched invasomes (DCN-TINV) to fulfill a fruitful management of osteoarthritis. A 23 factorial design was adopted, including A: cholesterol concentration (%w/v), B: ethanol volume (mL) and C: phosphatidylcholine: drug ratio as the studied factors. Invasomes were constructed using the thin film hydration technique. Herein, percent entrapment efficiency (EE%), particle size (PS), poly-dispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential (ZP) were statistically analyzed using Design-Expert® software to select the optimum formula. The selected criteria for detecting the optimum formula were restricting PS (<350 nm), dismissing PDI, magnifying ZP (as absolute value) and EE%. The selected formula was further scrutinized through multiple in-vitro studies, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, pH measurement, stability study, release profile and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the ex-vivo performance was evaluated through ex-vivo skin permeation and deposition. Finally, it was subjected to an array of in-vivo tests, namely Draize test, histopathology, In-vivo skin penetration, edema size, and nociception inhibition measurements. The optimum formula with desirability (0.913) demonstrated EE% (89.21% ± 2.12%), PS (319.75 ± 10.11 nm), ZP (-55 ± 3.96 mV) and a prolonged release profile. Intriguingly, revamped skin permeation (1143 ± 32.11 µg/cm2), nociception inhibition (77%) and In-vivo skin penetration (144 µm) compared to DCN suspension (285 ± 21.25 µg/cm2, 26% and 48 µm, respectively) were displayed. The optimum DCN-TINV exhibited plausible safety and stability profiles consolidated with auspicious efficacy for better management of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadek Ahmed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Michael M Farag
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Sadek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Diana E Aziz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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El Sorogy HM, Fayez SM, Khalil IA, Abdel Jaleel GA, Fayez AM, Eliwa HA, Teba HE. Microporation-Mediated Transdermal Delivery of In Situ Gel Incorporating Etodolac-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles for Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:844. [PMID: 39065541 PMCID: PMC11279519 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) requires long-term administration of different medications since there has been no cure until now. Etodolac (ETD) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for RA management. However, its long-term administration resulted in severe side effects. This study aimed to develop a transdermal in situ gel incorporating ETD-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) to target the affected joints for long-term management of RA. Several PLGA NPs incorporating 1% ETD were prepared by nanoprecipitation and optimized according to the central composite design. The optimum NPs (F1) exhibited 96.19 ± 2.31% EE, 282.3 ± 0.62 nm PS, 0.383 ± 0.04 PDI, and -6.44 ± 1.69 ZP. A hyaluronate coating was applied to F1 (H-F1) to target activated macrophages at inflammation sites. H-F1 exhibited 287.4 ± 4.2 nm PS, 0.267 ± 0.02 PDI, and -23.7 ± 3.77 ZP. Pluronic F-127 in situ gel (H-F1G) showed complete gelation at 29 °C within 5 min. ETD permeation from H-F1G was sustained over 48 h when applied to microporated skin and exhibited significant enhancement of all permeation parameters. Topical application of H-F1G (equivalent to 8 mg ETD) to Wistarrat microporated skin every 48 h resulted in antirheumatic therapeutic efficacy comparable to commercial oral tablets (10 mg/kg/day).
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. El Sorogy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October 12566, Giza, Egypt;
| | - Sahar M. Fayez
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6th University, 6th of October 12566, Giza, Egypt;
| | - Islam A. Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October 12566, Giza, Egypt;
| | | | - Ahmed M. Fayez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital 11835, Cairo, Egypt;
| | - Hesham A. Eliwa
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October 12566, Giza, Egypt;
| | - Hoda E. Teba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October 12566, Giza, Egypt;
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4
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Kumar D, Sachdeva K, Tanwar R, Devi S. Review on novel targeted enzyme drug delivery systems: enzymosomes. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:4524-4543. [PMID: 38738579 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00301b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The goal of this review is to present enzymosomes as an innovative means for site-specific drug delivery. Enzymosomes make use of an enzyme's special characteristics, such as its capacity to accelerate the reaction rate and bind to a particular substrate at a regulated rate. Enzymosomes are created when an enzyme forms a covalent linkage with a liposome or lipid vesicle surface. To construct enzymosomes with specialized activities, enzymes are linked using acylation, direct conjugation, physical adsorption, and encapsulation techniques. By reducing the negative side effects of earlier treatment techniques and exhibiting efficient medication release, these cutting-edge drug delivery systems improve long-term sickness treatments. They could be a good substitute for antiplatelet medication, gout treatment, and other traditional medicines. Recently developed supramolecular vesicular delivery systems called enzymosomes have the potential to improve drug targeting, physicochemical characteristics, and ultimately bioavailability in the pharmaceutical industry. Enzymosomes have advantages over narrow-therapeutic index pharmaceuticals as focusing on their site of action enhances both their pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles. Additionally, it reduces changes in normal enzymatic activity, which enhances the half-life of an enzyme and accomplishes enzyme activity on specific locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Om Sterling Global University, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
| | - Komal Sachdeva
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Om Sterling Global University, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
| | - Rajni Tanwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Starex University, Gurugram, India
| | - Sunita Devi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Om Sterling Global University, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
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5
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Elsherif NI, Al-Mahallawi AM, Ahmed IS, Shamma RN. Pectin nanoparticles loaded with nitric oxide donor drug: A potential approach for tissue regeneration. Int J Pharm X 2024; 7:100244. [PMID: 38585344 PMCID: PMC10997829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of wound healing and tissue regeneration involves several key mechanisms to ensure the production of new tissues with similar cellular functions. This study investigates the impact of pectin, a natural polysaccharide, and nebivolol hydrochloride (NBV), a nitric oxide (NO) donor drug, on wound healing. Utilizing ionotropic gelation, NBV-loaded pectin nanoparticles were developed following a 2231 full factorial design. The optimized formulation, determined using Design expert® software, exhibited an encapsulation efficiency percentage of 70.68%, zeta potential of -51.4 mV, and a particle size of 572 nm, characterized by a spherical, discrete morphology. An in vivo study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the optimal formulation in wound healing compared to various controls. The results demonstrated the enhanced ability of the optimal formulation to accelerate wound healing. Moreover, histopathological examination further confirmed the formulation's benefits in tissue proliferation and collagen deposition at the wound site 15 days post-injury. This suggests that the developed formulation not only promotes faster healing but does so with minimal side effects, positioning it as a promising agent for effective wound healing and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha I. Elsherif
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz M. Al-Mahallawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Iman Saad Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rehab N. Shamma
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
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6
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Almutairy BK, Khafagy ES, Aldawsari MF, Alshetaili A, Alotaibi HF, Abu Lila AS. Tailoring of Bilosomal Nanogel for Augmenting the Off-Label Use of Sildenafil Citrate in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:19536-19547. [PMID: 38708263 PMCID: PMC11064047 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric pulmonary hypertension is a serious syndrome with significant morbidity and mortality. Sildenafil is widely used off-label in pediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this study, bile salt-stabilized nanovesicles (bilosomes) were screened for their efficacy to enhance the transdermal delivery of the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, sildenafil citrate, in an attempt to augment its therapeutic efficacy in pediatric pulmonary hypertension. A response surface methodology was implemented for fabricating and optimizing a bilosomal formulation of sildenafil (SDF-BS). The optimized SDF-BS formulation was characterized in terms of its entrapment efficiency (EE), zeta potential, vesicle size, and in vitro release profile. The optimized formula was then loaded onto hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) hydrogel and assessed for skin permeation, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic studies. The optimized SDF-BS showed the following characteristic features; EE of 88.7 ± 1.1%, vesicle size of 185.0 + 9.2 nm, zeta potential of -20.4 ± 1.1 mV, and efficiently sustained SDF release for 12 h. Skin permeation study revealed a remarkable improvement in SDF penetration from bilosomal gel compared to plain SDF gel. In addition, pharmacokinetic results revealed that encapsulating SDF within bilosomal vesicles significantly enhanced its systemic bioavailability (∼3 folds), compared to SDF oral suspension. In addition, pharmacodynamic investigation revealed that, compared to plain SDF gel or oral drug suspension, SDF-BS gel applied topically triggered a significant elevation (p < 0.05) in cGMP serum levels, underscoring the superior therapeutic efficacy of SDF-BS gel. Conclusively, bilosomes can be viewed as a promising nanocarrier for transdermal delivery of SDF that would grant higher therapeutic efficiency while alleviating the limitations encountered with SDF oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjad K. Almutairy
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alshetaili
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadil Faris Alotaibi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint AbdulRahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Selim Abu Lila
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University
of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Medical
and Diagnostic Research Center, University
of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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7
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Emzhik M, Qaribnejad A, Haeri A, Dadashzadeh S. Bile salt-enriched vs. non-enriched nanoparticles: comparison of their physicochemical characteristics and release pattern. Pharm Dev Technol 2024; 29:187-211. [PMID: 38369965 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2024.2320279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Bile salts were first used in the preparation of nanoparticles due to their stabilizing effects. As time went by, they attracted much attention and were increasingly employed in fabricating nanoparticles. It is well accepted that the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles are influential factors in their permeation, distribution, elimination and degree of effectiveness as well as toxicity. The review of articles shows that the use of bile salts in the structure of nanocarriers may cause significant changes in their physicochemical properties. Hence, having information about the effect of bile salts on the properties of nanoparticles could be valuable in the design of optimal carriers. Herein, we review studies in which bile salts were used in preparing liposomes, niosomes and other nanocarriers. Furthermore, the effects of bile salts on entrapment efficiency, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, release profile and stability of nanoparticles are pointed out. Finally, we debate how to take advantage of bile salts potential for preparing desirable nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Emzhik
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirsajad Qaribnejad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Haeri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Protein Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Dadashzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Maheshwari R, Bhatt LK, Wairkar S. Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of Progesterone in Bilosome Formulation: Fabrication, Statistical Optimization, and Pharmacokinetic Study. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:29. [PMID: 38302633 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Progesterone, a female sex steroid hormone, is highly lipophilic, leading to poor oral bioavailability. This study aimed to develop a progesterone bilosome system to enhance its oral bioavailability and retain it longer in the body. Progesterone vesicles were formulated with bile salts by thin film hydration method to prevent enzymatic and bile acid degradation. The Box-Behnken experimental design was used to statistically optimize progesterone bilosomes by checking the effect of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and sodium deoxycholate on vesicle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The optimum batch showed 239.5 nm vesicle size, -28.2 mV zeta potential and 84.08% entrapment efficiency, respectively, which were significantly affected by phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol concentration. The successful incorporation of progesterone in the system was evident from ATR-FTIR analysis that revealed no sharp progesterone peaks in bilosomes. TEM analysis confirmed the spherical structure and uniform bilosome vesicles. Furthermore, the in vitro drug release of progesterone bilosomes revealed a sustained pattern exhibiting 90% drug release in 48 h. The pharmacokinetic study in female ovariectomized Wistar rats confirmed the 4.287- and 9.75-fold enhanced oral bioavailability of the progesterone bilosomes than marketed capsules and progesterone API, respectively. Therefore, progesterone bilosome formulation can be further explored for improved oral administration in chronic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak Maheshwari
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India.
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9
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Mondal D, Bagchi A, Biswas S, Dagar T, Biswas A, Bagchi A, De S. Vesicle-Encapsulated Rolipram (PDE4 Inhibitor) and Its Anticancer Activity. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:369-378. [PMID: 38150107 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Vesicular carriers of drugs are popular for specific targeting and delivery. The most popular vesicles among these are liposomes. However, they suffer from some inherent limitations. In this work, alternative vesicles with enhanced stability, i.e., niosomes and bilosomes have been prepared, characterized, and their delivery efficiency studied. Bilosomes have the additional advantage of being able to withstand the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The taurine-derived bile salt (NaTC) was incorporated into the bilosome bilayer. The inspiration behind NaTC insertion is the recent reports on antiaging action and immune function of taurine. Fluorescence probing was used to study the vesicle environment. The entrapment and subsequent release of the important cAMP-specific PDE4 inhibitor/drug Rolipram, which has antibreast cancer properties, was assessed on the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Rolipram has important therapeutic applications, one of the most significant in recent times being the treatment of Covid-19-triggered pneumonia and cytokine storms. As for cancer chemotherapy, the localization of drug, targeted delivery, and sustained release are extremely important issues, and it seemed worthwhile to explore the potential of the bilosomes and niosomes to entrap and release Rolipram. The important finding is that niosomes perform much better than bilosomes in the hormone-responsive breast cancer mileau MCF-7. Moreover, there was a 4-fold decrease in the IC50 of Rolipram encapsulated in niosomes compared to Rolipram alone. On the other hand, bilosome-encapsulated Rolipram shows higher IC50 value. The results can be further understood by molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Arka Bagchi
- Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Sima Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Tanmay Dagar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Arunima Biswas
- Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Angshuman Bagchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Swati De
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
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10
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Suvarna V, Mallya R, Deshmukh K, Sawant B, Khan TA, Omri A. Novel Vesicular Bilosomal Delivery Systems for Dermal/Transdermal Applications. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:961-977. [PMID: 37424346 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230707161206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The application of therapeutically active molecules through the dermal/transdermal route into the skin has evolved as an attractive formulation strategy in comparison to oral delivery systems for the treatment of various disease conditions. However, the delivery of drugs across the skin is limited due to poor permeability. Dermal/transdermal delivery is associated with ease of accessibility, enhanced safety, better patient compliance, and reduced variability in plasma drug concentrations. It has the ability to bypass the first-pass metabolism, which ultimately results in steady and sustained drug levels in the systemic circulation. Vesicular drug delivery systems, including bilosomes, have gained significant interest due to their colloidal nature, improved drug solubility, absorption, and bioavailability with prolonged circulation time for a large number of new drug molecules. Bilosomes are novel lipid vesicular nanocarriers comprising bile salts, such as deoxycholic acid, sodium cholate, deoxycholate, taurocholate, glycocholate or sorbitan tristearate. These bilosomes are associated with high flexibility, deformability, and elasticity attributed to their bile acid component. These carriers are advantageous in terms of improved skin permeation, increased dermal and epidermal drug concentration, and enhanced local action with reduced systemic absorption of the drug, resulting in reduced side effects. The present article provides a comprehensive overview of the biopharmaceutical aspects of dermal/transdermal bilosome delivery systems, their composition, formulation techniques, characterization methods, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanti Suvarna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rashmi Mallya
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kajal Deshmukh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhakti Sawant
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tabassum Asif Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
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11
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Abd-Elal RM, Essawy AM, Salem MA, Elsayed M, Khalil MG, Abdelhakeem E, Ali NA, Tawfik MA. Formulation, optimization, in-vivo biodistribution studies and histopathological safety assessment of duloxetine HCl-loaded ultra-elastic nanovesicles for antidepressant effect after intranasal and transdermal delivery. Int J Pharm X 2023; 6:100194. [PMID: 37434966 PMCID: PMC10331411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2023.100194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Duloxetine hydrochloride (DUL) is a BCS class-II antidepressant drug, acting via serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition. Despite high oral absorption, DUL suffers limited bioavailability due to extensive gastric and first-pass metabolism. To improve DUL's bioavailability; DUL-loaded elastosomes were developed, via full factorial design, utilizing various span®60: cholesterol ratios, edge activator types and amounts. Entrapment efficiency (E.E.%), particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP) and in-vitro released percentages after 0.5 h (Q0.5h) and 8 h (Q8h) were evaluated. Optimum elastosomes (DUL-E1) were assessed for morphology, deformability index, drug crystallinity and stability. DUL pharmacokinetics were evaluated in rats following intranasal and transdermal application of DUL-E1 elastosomal gel. DUL-E1 elastosomes [comprising span®60 and cholesterol (1:1) and brij S2 (edge activator; 5 mg)] were optimum with high E.E.% (81.5 ± 3.2%), small PS (432 ± 13.2 nm), ZP (-30.8 ± 3.3 mV), acceptable Q0.5h (15.6 ± 0.9%), and high Q8h (79.3 ± 3.8%). Intranasal and transdermal DUL-E1 elastosomes revealed significantly higher Cmax (251 ± 18.6 and 248 ± 15.9 ng/mL) at Tmax (2 and 4 h) and improved relative bioavailability (≈ 2.8 and 3.1 folds) respectively, in comparison to oral DUL aqueous solution. In-vivo histopathological studies were conducted to ensure the safety of DUL-E1. Elastosomes are promising novel nano-carriers, capable of enhancing the bioavailability of DUL via various routes of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa M.A. Abd-Elal
- Pharmaceutics and Drug Manufacturing Department, Faculty of pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - Aya M. Essawy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - Maha A. Salem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - Mahitab Elsayed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - Mona G. Khalil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), Cairo 11571, Egypt
| | - Eman Abdelhakeem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nouran A. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai Ahmed Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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12
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Neamatallah T, Malebari AM, Alamoudi AJ, Nazreen S, Alam MM, Bin-Melaih HH, Abuzinadah OA, Badr-Eldin SM, Alhassani G, Makki L, Nasrullah MZ. Andrographolide nanophytosomes exhibit enhanced cellular delivery and pro-apoptotic activities in HepG2 liver cancer cells. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2174209. [PMID: 36762548 PMCID: PMC9930834 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2174209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Andrographolide (AG), a major active constituent of Andrographis paniculata, is known to hinder proliferation of several types of cancer cells. However, its poor solubility and cellular permeability restrict its use in clinical applications. In this study, AG-loaded phytosomes (AG-PTMs) were formulated and optimized with respect to particle size using l-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC):AG ratio and sonication time (ST) as independent variables. The optimized formula was prepared at 1:2.7 for AG:PC molar ratio and 4.9 min for ST and exhibited a particle size of 243.7 ± 7.3 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.310 and entrapment efficiency of 72.20 ± 4.53. Also, the prepared formula showed a slow release of AG over 24-h period. The antiproliferative activity of AG-PTMs was investigated against the liver cancer cell line HepG2. AG-PTMs significantly repressed the growth of HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 4.02 ± 0.14 µM. AG uptake by HepG2 cells was significantly enhanced in incubations containing the optimized formula. AG-PTMs also caused G2-M cell cycle phase arrest and increased the fraction of apoptotic cells in pre-G1 phase. These effects were associated with induction of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, AG-PTMs significantly upregulated mRNA expression of BAX and downregulated that of BCL2. Furthermore, AG-PTMs significantly enhanced the concentration of caspase-3 in comparison to raw AG. These data indicate that the phytosomal delivery of AG significantly inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation through enhanced cellular uptake, arresting cell cycle at the G2-M phase and inducing mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thikryat Neamatallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azizah M. Malebari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsin J. Alamoudi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Nazreen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Mahboob Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hawazen H. Bin-Melaih
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A. Abuzinadah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa M. Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gharam Alhassani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamar Makki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Z. Nasrullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,CONTACT Mohammed Z. Nasrullah
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13
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Alamoudi AJ, Badr-Eldin SM, Ahmed OAA, Fahmy UA, Elbehairi SEI, Alfaifi MY, Asfour HZ, Mohamed GA, Ibrahim SRM, Abdel-Naim AB, Abdallah HM. Optimized bilosome-based nanoparticles enhance cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activity of costunolide in LS174T colon cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115757. [PMID: 37897972 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Costunolide (COST) is a sesquiterpene lactone that belongs to the germacranolide group, and occurs mainly in Saussurea lappa Clarke. Although COST inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells and induces their apoptosis, it suffers poor water solubility and cellular permeability. Therefore, this study aimed to enhance the anti-proliferative activity of COST in LS174T colon cancer cells through its inclusion in bilosomal nanoformulation (COST-BILs). The optimized BIL formula contained cholesterol and Span-85 in a molar ratio of 1:5 as well as bile salt at a molar concentration of 0.5 mM, with entrapment efficiency of 63.4 ± 3.59 % and particle size of 119.7 ± 3.63 nm. The optimized COST-BILs showed a potent cytotoxic effect against LS174T cells with an IC50 of 6.20 µM; meanwhile, raw COST had an IC50 of 15.78 µM. Safety and relative selectivity were confirmed in the normal human colonic epithelial cells (HCoEpC). Cell cycle analysis indicated that both raw COST and COST-BILs significantly increased the fraction of LS174T cells in the sub-G1 phase. This was accompanied by a significant enhancement of early, late, and total apoptosis, as indicated by annexin-V staining. In addition, COST-BILs exhibited more potent activity in up-regulating CASP3, TP53, and BAX, and in down-regulating the expression of BCL2 mRNA as compared to raw COST. Further, the prepared formula enhanced the release of cytochrome C as well as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced the integrity of mitochondrial membranes. In conclusion, the loading of COST on BILs significantly enhances its pro-apoptotic activity in LS174T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmohsin J Alamoudi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa M Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama A Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serag Eldin I Elbehairi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Cell Culture Lab, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Agouza, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Y Alfaifi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Z Asfour
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Ashraf B Abdel-Naim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam M Abdallah
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Nayak D, Rathnanand M, Tippavajhala VK. Unlocking the Potential of Bilosomes and Modified Bilosomes: a Comprehensive Journey into Advanced Drug Delivery Trends. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:238. [PMID: 37989979 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Vesicular drug delivery systems have revolutionized the pharmaceutical field, offering a promising path for achieving targeted and sustained drug delivery. The oral, transdermal, and ocular routes of administration offer optimal ease in attaining desired therapeutic outcomes. However, conventional treatment strategies are all plagued with several challenges, such as poor skin permeability, ocular barriers, and gastrointestinal (GIT) degradation leading to vesicular disruption with the release of the encapsulated drug before reaching the targeted site of action. In recent years, bilosomes-stabilized nanovesicles containing bile salts have received considerable attention due to their versatility and adaptability for diverse applications. These bilayered vesicles enhance the solubility of lipophilic drugs and improve formulation stability in the gastrointestinal tract. They exhibit ultra-deformable properties, improving stratum corneum permeability, making them ideal candidates for oral and transdermal drug delivery. In addition, bilosomes find utility in topical drug delivery, making them applicable for ocular administration. Over the past decade, extensive research has highlighted bilosomes' potential as superior vesicular carriers surpassing liposomes and niosomes. Advances in this field have led to the development of modified bilosomes, such as probilosomes and surface-modified bilosomes, further enhancing their capabilities and therapeutic potential. Thus, the present review provides a comprehensive summary of bilosomes, modified bilosomes, surface modifications with their mechanism of action, formulation components, preparation methods, patents, and a wide array of recent pharmaceutical applications in oral, transdermal, and ocular drug delivery. The enhanced properties of bilosomes offer promising prospects for targeted and effective drug delivery, providing potential solutions for addressing various therapeutic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Rathnanand
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - Vamshi Krishna Tippavajhala
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
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15
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Aziz D, Mohamed S, Tayel S, Makhlouf A. Flexosomes as a promising nanoplatform for enhancing tolnaftate ocular delivery: Formulation, in vitro characterization, statistical optimization, ex vivo and microbial in vivo studies. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123471. [PMID: 37793467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The eye is a complex organ with a unique physiology and anatomy. Using novel nanosystems is expected to enhance ocular drug permeation and retention. Hence, this work aimed to study the potential of flexosomes as an ocular delivery system to enhance the corneal permeation and antifungal activity of Tolnaftate (TOL). Different flexosomes formulae were formulated using ethanol injection method, employing a 31.22 full factorial design. The studied formulation variables were: X1: amount of stearyl amine, X2: hydration volume and X3: type of edge activator. Encapsulation efficiency, particle size and zeta potential were selected as dependent variables. FX5 was selected as the optimal TOL flexosomes and showed encapsulation efficiency of 66.08 ± 11.38%, particle size of 154.99 ± 29.11 nm and zeta potential of 42.95 ± 0.64 mV. FX5 was subjected to further ex vivo and in vivo studies which showed that TOL flux was significantly increased through FX5 compared to TOL suspension. Draize test and histopatholoigal tests assured that FX5 is safe to be used for eye.. The in vivo fungal susceptibility testing using Aspergillus niger demonstrated the superior and more durable antifungal activity of FX5 than TOL suspension. Hence, FX5 can be considered as promising nanocarrier for safe and efficient ocular TOL delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally Mohamed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saadia Tayel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Makhlouf
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Cairo, Egypt.
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16
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Dhule KD, Nandgude TD. Lipid Nano-System Based Topical Drug Delivery for Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Overview. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:663-677. [PMID: 38022817 PMCID: PMC10676558 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The overall purpose of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment is to give symptomatic alleviation; there is no recognized cure for RA. Frequent use of potent drugs like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), lead to various adverse effects and patient compliance suffers. On the other hand, there are many drawbacks associated with traditional methods, such as high first pass, high clearance rate, and low bioavailability. Drug administration through the skin can be a promising alternative to cope with these drawbacks, increasing patient compliance and providing site-specific action. The stratum corneum, the uppermost non-viable epidermal layer, is one of the primary limiting barriers to skin penetration. Various nanocarrier technologies come into play as drug vehicles to help overcome these barriers. The nanocarrier systems are biocompatible, stable, and have a lower cytotoxic impact. The review discusses several lipid-based nanocarrier systems for anti-rheumatic medicines for topical administration it also discusses in-vivo animal models for RA and provides information on patents granted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanaji Dilip Nandgude
- Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Pimpri, Pune 411018, Department of Pharmaceutics, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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17
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Asghar Z, Jamshaid T, Sajid-ur-Rehman M, Jamshaid U, Gad HA. Novel Transethosomal Gel Containing Miconazole Nitrate; Development, Characterization, and Enhanced Antifungal Activity. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2537. [PMID: 38004517 PMCID: PMC10675164 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Miconazole nitrate (MCNR) is a BCS class II antifungal drug with poor water solubility. Although numerous attempts have been made to increase its solubility, formulation researchers struggle with this significant issue. Transethosomes are promising novel nanocarriers for improving the solubility and penetration of drugs that are inadequately soluble and permeable. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop MCNR-loaded transethosomal gel in order to enhance skin permeation and antifungal activity. MCNR-loaded transethosomes (MCNR-TEs) were generated using the thin film hydration method and evaluated for their zeta potential, particle size, polydispersity index, and entrapment efficiency (EE%). SEM, FTIR, and DSC analyses were also done to characterize the optimized formulation of MCNR-TEs (MT-8). The optimized formulation of MCNR-TEs was incorporated into a carbopol 934 gel base to form transethosomal gel (MNTG) that was subjected to ex vivo permeation and drug release studies. In vitro antifungal activity was carried out against Candida albicans through the cup plate technique. An in vivo skin irritation test was also performed on Wistar albino rats. MT-8 displayed smooth spherical transethosomal nanoparticles with the highest EE% (89.93 ± 1.32%), lowest particle size (139.3 ± 1.14 nm), polydispersity index (0.188 ± 0.05), and zeta potential (-18.1 ± 0.10 mV). The release profile of MT-8 displayed an initial burst followed by sustained release, and the release data were best fitted with the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. MCNR-loaded transethosomal gel was stable and showed a non-Newtonian flow. It was found that ex vivo drug permeation of MNTG was 48.76%, which was significantly higher than that of MNPG (plain gel) (p ≤ 0.05) following a 24-h permeation study. The prepared MCNR transethosomal gel exhibited increased antifungal activity, and its safety was proven by the results of an in vivo skin irritation test. Therefore, the developed transethosomal gel can be a proficient drug delivery system via a topical route with enhanced antifungal activity and skin permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Asghar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (M.S.-u.-R.)
| | - Talha Jamshaid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (M.S.-u.-R.)
| | - Muhammad Sajid-ur-Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (M.S.-u.-R.)
| | - Usama Jamshaid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Strasbourg University, 67084 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Heba A. Gad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Lee K, Xie J, Park H, Jung H, Oh JM. Controlled molecular arrangement of easily aggregated deoxycholate with layered double hydroxide. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230506. [PMID: 37830016 PMCID: PMC10565365 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Deoxycholate (DA) is a natural emulsifying agent involved in the absorption of dietary lipids. Due to the facial distribution of hydrophobic-hydrophilic region, DA easily aggregates under ambient conditions, and this property hinders the practical application of DA in clinical applications. In this study, we found that the molecular arrangement of DA molecules could be controlled by using layered double hydroxide (LDH) under a specific reaction condition. The effect of reaction methods such as co-precipitation, ion exchange and reconstruction on the molecular arrangement of DA was investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It was demonstrated that the self-aggregation of DA molecules could be suppressed by the oriented arrangement of DA between the gallery space of LDH. The DA moiety was well stabilized in the LDH layers due to the electrostatic interaction between DA molecules and LDH layers. The most ordered arrangement of DA molecules was observed when DA was incorporated into LDH via a reconstruction method. The DA molecules arranged in LDH via reconstruction did not show significant exothermic or endothermic behaviour up to 400°C, showing that the DA moiety lost its intermolecular attraction in between LDH layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyounghyoun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Park
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Oh
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
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19
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Naseri A, Taymouri S, Hosseini Sharifabadi A, Varshosaz J. Chrysin loaded bilosomes improve the hepatoprotective effects of chrysin against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in mice. J Biomater Appl 2023; 38:509-526. [PMID: 37632164 DOI: 10.1177/08853282231198948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, chrysin loaded bilosomes were formulated, characterized and evaluated to enhance the hepatoprotective activity of drug. Accordingly, chrysin loaded bilosomes were prepared by applying the thin film hydration method; also, fractional factorial design was used to optimize the production conditions of nanoformulations. The prepared formulations were subjected to different methods of characterization; then the hepatoprotective activity of the optimized one was evaluated in the CCl4 hepatointoxicated mice model. Optimized chrysin loaded bilosomes showed a spherical shape with a particle size of 232.97 ± 23 nm, the polydispersity index of 0.35 ± 0.01, the zeta potential of -44.5 ± 1.27 mv, the entrapment efficiency of 96.77 ± 0.18%, the drug loading % of 6.46 ± 0.01 and the release efficiency of 42.25 ± 1.04 during 48 h. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging assay demonstrated the superiority of the anti-oxidant potential of chrysin loaded bilosomes, as compared to pure chrysin. This was in agreement with histopathological investigations, showing significant improvement in serum hepatic biomarkers of CCl4 intoxicated mice treated with chrysin loaded bilosomes, as compared with free chrysin. These results, thus, showed the potential use of bilosomes to enhance the hepatoprotective activity of chrysin via oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Naseri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Taymouri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hosseini Sharifabadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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20
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Abdelbari MA, Elshafeey AH, Abdelbary AA, Mosallam S. Implementing Nanovesicles for Boosting the Skin Permeation of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:195. [PMID: 37770750 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02649-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have increased lately around the world, as they are considered essential and popular drugs for effective reduction of pain and inflammation. They have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities; also, it was reported recently that they protect against various critical disorders like heart attacks and cancer. However, oral use of NSAIDs may cause several pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, cardiovascular, cerebral, and renal complications. Therefore, topical NSAIDs were recommended as a substitute to oral NSAIDs for the treatment of inflammation and pain. Still, the skin permeation of NSAIDs is considered a challenge, as the skin have an effective barrier function. Therefore, this review investigates various advanced vesicular nanocarriers and their applications through the skin, to augment the topical delivery of NSAIDs through stratum corneum over the conventional systems, enhance their effectiveness, and reduce the unwanted side effects. These innovative systems can manage bioavailability, solubility, stability, safety, and efficacy issues present in conventional systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar Adel Abdelbari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hassen Elshafeey
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Aly Ahmed Abdelbary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted By Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Mosallam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
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21
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Bin Jardan YA, Ahad A, Raish M, Al-Jenoobi FI. Preparation and Characterization of Transethosome Formulation for the Enhanced Delivery of Sinapic Acid. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2391. [PMID: 37896151 PMCID: PMC10609874 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) is a bioactive phenolic acid; its diverse properties are its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities. The bioactive compound SA is poorly soluble in water. Our goal was to formulate SA-transethosomes using thin-film hydration. The prepared formulations were examined for various parameters. In addition, the optimized formulation was evaluated for surface morphology, in-vitro penetration studies across the Strat M®, and its antioxidant activity. The optimized formulation (F5) exhibited 74.36% entrapment efficacy. The vesicle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index were found to be 111.67 nm, -7.253 mV, and 0.240, respectively. The surface morphology showed smooth and spherical vesicles of SA-transethosomes. In addition, the prepared SA-transethosomes exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity. The SA-transethosomes demonstrated considerably greater penetration across the Strat M® membrane during the study. The flux of SA and SA-transethosomes through the Strat M® membrane was 1.03 ± 0.07 µg/cm2/h and 2.93 ± 0.16 µg/cm2/h. The enhancement ratio of SA-transethosomes was 2.86 ± 0.35 compared to the control. The SA-transethosomes are flexible nano-sized vesicles and are able to penetrate the entrapped drug in a higher concentration. Hence, it was concluded that SA-transethosome-based approaches have the potential to be useful for accentuating the penetrability of SA across the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdul Ahad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Ahmed Tawfik M, Eltaweel MM, Farag MM, Shamsel-Din HA, Ibrahim AB. Sonophoresis-assisted transdermal delivery of antimigraine-loaded nanolipomers: Radio-tracking, histopathological assessment and in-vivo biodistribution study. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123338. [PMID: 37607646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a disabling neurovascular polygenic disorder affecting life quality with escorted socioeconomic encumbrances. Herein, we investigated the consolidated amalgamation of passive lipomer approach alongside active sonophoresis assisted transdermal delivery of zolmitriptan (ZT) using high frequency ultrasound pre-treatment protocol to mitigate migraine attacks. A modified nanoprecipitation technique was utilized to prepare zolmitriptan loaded lipomers (ZTL) adopting 23 factorial design. Three factors were scrutinized namely lipid type, ZT: lipid ratio and ZT: Gantrez® ratio. The prepared systems were characterized regarding particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency and in-vitro release studies. The best achieved ZTL system was evaluated for ZT- Gantrez® intermolecular interactions, drug crystallinity, morphology, ex-vivo permeation and histopathological examination. Finally, a comparative in-vivo biodistribution study through radiotracking technique using Technetium-99 m was adopted. L2 was the best-achieved ZTL system with respect to spherical particle size (390.7 nm), zeta-potential (-30.8 mV), PDI (0.2), entrapment efficiency (86.2%), controlled release profile, flux (147.13 μg/cm2/hr) and enhancement ratio (5.67). Histopathological studies proved the safety of L2 system upon application on skin. L2 revealed higher brain Cmax (12.21 %ID/g), prolonged brain MRT (8.67 hr), prolonged brain 0.23 hr), significantly high relative bioavailability (2929.36%) and similar brain Tmax (0.5 hr) compared to I.V. route with higher brain/blood ratio. Thus, sonophoresis assisted transdermal delivery of ZTL offers a propitious alterative to alleviate migraine symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Ahmed Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mai M Eltaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Michael M Farag
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Hesham A Shamsel-Din
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, 13759 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B Ibrahim
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Labs Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, 13759 Cairo, Egypt
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23
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Qureshi MI, Jamil QA, Usman F, Wani TA, Farooq M, Shah HS, Ahmad H, Khalil R, Sajjad M, Zargar S, Kausar S. Tioconazole-Loaded Transethosomal Gel Using Box-Behnken Design for Topical Applications: In Vitro, In Vivo, and Molecular Docking Approaches. Gels 2023; 9:767. [PMID: 37754448 PMCID: PMC10530999 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tioconazole (TCZ) is a broad-spectrum fungicidal BCS class II drug with reported activity against Candida albicans, dermatophytes, and certain Staphylococci bacteria. We report the use of TCZ-loaded transethosomes (TEs) to overcome the skin's barrier function. TCZ-loaded TEs were fabricated by using a cold method with slight modification. Box-Behnken composite design was utilized to investigate the effect of independent variables. The fabricated TEs were assessed with various physicochemical characterizations. The optimized formulation of TCZ-loaded TEs was incorporated into gel and evaluated for pH, conductivity, drug content, spreadability, rheology, in vitro permeation, ex vivo permeation, and in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity. The fabricated TCZ-loaded TEs had a % EE of 60.56 to 86.13, with particle sizes ranging from 219.1 to 757.1 nm. The SEM images showed spherically shaped vesicles. The % drug permeation was between 77.01 and 92.03. The kinetic analysis of all release profiles followed Higuchi's diffusion model. The FTIR, DSC, and XRD analysis showed no significant chemical interactions between the drug and excipients. A significantly higher antifungal activity was observed for TCZ-loaded transethosomal gel in comparison to the control. The in vivo antifungal study on albino rats indicated that TCZ-loaded transethosomal gel showed a comparable therapeutic effect in comparison to the market brand Canesten®. Molecular docking demonstrated that the TCZ in the TE composition was surrounded by hydrophobic excipients with increased overall hydrophobicity and better permeation. Therefore, TCZ in the form of transethosomal gel can serve as an effective drug delivery system, having the ability to penetrate the skin and overcome the stratum corneum barrier with improved efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 66000, Pakistan; (M.I.Q.); (Q.A.J.)
| | - Qazi Adnan Jamil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 66000, Pakistan; (M.I.Q.); (Q.A.J.)
| | - Faisal Usman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Tanveer A. Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mudassir Farooq
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Hamid Saeed Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jillani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Hassan Ahmad
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, 1-Khayabaan-e-Jinnah Road, Johar Town, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Ruqaiya Khalil
- Centro De Investigaciones Biomédicas, University of Vigo (CINBO), 36310 Vigo, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Muhammad Sajjad
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan;
| | - Seema Zargar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Safina Kausar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
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24
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Abou Assi R, Abdulbaqi IM, Tan SM, Wahab HA, Darwis Y, Chan SY. Breaking barriers: bilosomes gel potentials to pave the way for transdermal breast cancer treatment with Tamoxifen. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37722711 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2023.2256404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breast cancer affects women globally, regardless of age or location. On the other hand, Tamoxifen (TXN), a class II biopharmaceutical drug is acting as a prophylactic/treating agent for women at risk of and/or with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. However, its oral administration has life-threatening side effects, which have led researchers to investigate alternative delivery methods. One such method is transdermal drug delivery utilizing bile salts as penetration enhancers, aka Bilosomes. METHODS Bilosomes formulations were optimized statistically for the outcome of vesicle shape, size, and entrapment efficiency using two types of bile, i.e. sodium taurocholate and sodium cholate. These bilosomes were then loaded into HPMC base gel and further characterized for their morphology, drug content, pH, viscosity, spreadability and eventually ex-vivo skin penetration and deposition studies. RESULTS Findings showed that sodium cholate has superiority as a penetration enhancer over sodium taurocholate in terms of morphological characterizes, zeta potential, and cumulative amounts of tamoxifen permeated per unit area (15.13 ± 0.71 μg/cm2 and 6.51 ± 0.6 μg/cm2 respectively). In fact, bilosomes designed with sodium cholate provided around 9 folds of skin deposition compared to TXN non-bilosomal gel. CONCLUSION Bilosomes gels could be a promising option for locally delivering tamoxifen to the breast through the skin, offering an encouraging transdermal solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Abou Assi
- Thoughts Formulation Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- EDEN Research Group, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Ibrahim M Abdulbaqi
- Thoughts Formulation Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- PractSol Research Group, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
- Pharmaceutical Design and Simulation (PhDS) Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mei Tan
- Thoughts Formulation Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Habibah A Wahab
- Pharmaceutical Design and Simulation (PhDS) Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yusrida Darwis
- Thoughts Formulation Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siok-Yee Chan
- Thoughts Formulation Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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25
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Zembala J, Forma A, Zembala R, Januszewski J, Zembala P, Adamowicz D, Teresiński G, Buszewicz G, Flieger J, Baj J. Technological Advances in a Therapy of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Insights into Current Nanotechnologies. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5798. [PMID: 37762739 PMCID: PMC10531576 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness and is characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and progressive optic nerve damage. The current therapeutic approaches for glaucoma management, such as eye drops and oral medications, face challenges including poor bioavailability, low patient compliance, and limited efficacy. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising approach to overcome these limitations and revolutionize glaucoma treatment. In this narrative review, we present an overview of the novel nanotechnologies employed in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma. Various nanosystems, including liposomes, niosomes, nanoparticles, and other nanostructured carriers, have been developed to enhance the delivery and bioavailability of antiglaucoma drugs. They offer advantages such as a high drug loading capacity, sustained release, improved corneal permeability, and targeted drug delivery to the ocular tissues. The application of nanotechnologies in glaucoma treatment represents a transformative approach that addresses the limitations of conventional therapies. However, further research is needed to optimize the formulations, evaluate long-term safety, and implement these nanotechnologies into clinical practice. With continued advancements in nanotechnology, the future holds great potential for improving the management and outcomes of glaucoma, ultimately preserving vision and improving the lives of millions affected by this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julita Zembala
- University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindleya 4, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Roksana Zembala
- Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jacek Januszewski
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (J.B.)
| | - Patryk Zembala
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Dominik Adamowicz
- University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Teresiński
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Grzegorz Buszewicz
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (J.B.)
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26
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Aldawsari MF, Khafagy ES, Moglad EH, Selim Abu Lila A. Formulation optimization, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of niosomal nanocarriers for enhanced topical delivery of cetirizine. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101734. [PMID: 37649675 PMCID: PMC10462889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cetirizine hydrochloride (CTZ), a second-generation anti-histaminic drug, has been recently explored for its effectiveness in the treatment of alopecia. Niosomes are surfactant-based nanovesicular systems that have promising applications in both topical and transdermal drug delivery. The aim of this study was to design topical CTZ niosomes for management of alopecia. Thin film hydration technique was implemented for the fabrication of CTZ niosomes. The niosomes were examined for vesicle size, surface charge, and entrapment efficiency. The optimized niosomal formulation was incorporated into a hydrogel base (HPMC) and explored for physical characteristics, ex vivo permeation, and in vivo dermato-kinetic study. The optimized CTZ-loaded niosomal formulation showed an average size of 403.4 ± 15.6 nm, zeta potential of - 12.9 ± 1.7 mV, and entrapment efficiency percentage of 52.8 ± 1.9%. Compared to plain drug solution, entrapment of CTZ within niosomes significantly prolonged in vitro drug release up to 12 h. Most importantly, ex-vivo skin deposition studies and in vivo dermato-kinetic studies verified superior skin deposition/retention of CTZ from CTZ-loaded niosomal gels, compared to plain CTZ gel. CTZ-loaded niosomal gel permitted higher drug deposition percentage (19.2 ± 1.9%) and skin retention (AUC0-10h 1124.5 ± 87.9 μg/mL.h) of CTZ, compared to 7.52 ± 0.7% and 646.2 ± 44.6 μg/mL.h for plain CTZ gel, respectively. Collectively, niosomes might represent a promising carrier for the cutaneous delivery of cetirizine for the topical management of alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ehssan H. Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum 2404, Sudan
| | - Amr Selim Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Abu-Huwaij R, Alkarawi A, Salman D, Alkarawi F. Exploring the use of niosomes in cosmetics for efficient dermal drug delivery. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:708-718. [PMID: 37448342 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2233613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Dermal drug delivery has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional methods of drug administration due to its non-invasive nature and ease of use. However, the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin, presents a significant barrier to drug penetration. Niosomes, self-assembled vesicular structures composed of nonionic surfactants and cholesterol, have been extensively investigated as a means of overcoming this barrier and improving the efficacy of dermal drug delivery. This review summarizes the current state of research on the use of niosomes in dermal drug delivery in cosmetics, with a particular focus on their formulation, characterization, and application in the delivery of various drug classes. The review highlights the advantages of niosomes over conventional drug delivery methods, including improved solubility and stability of drugs, controlled release, and enhanced skin permeation. The review also discusses the challenges associated with niosome-based drug delivery, such as their complex formulation and optimization, and the need for further studies on their long-term safety and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adian Alkarawi
- College of Pharmacy, Amman Arab University, Mubis, Jordan
| | - Dima Salman
- College of Pharmacy, Amman Arab University, Mubis, Jordan
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28
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Shamim A, Ansari MJ, Aodah A, Iqbal M, Aqil M, Mirza MA, Iqbal Z, Ali A. QbD-Engineered Development and Validation of a RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Rutin and Ciprofloxacin HCl in Bilosomal Nanoformulation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21618-21627. [PMID: 37360463 PMCID: PMC10286274 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In the given study, a new reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been reported for the simultaneous estimation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CPX) and rutin (RUT) using quality by design (QbD) approach. The analysis was carried out by applying the Box-Behnken design having fewer design points and less experimental runs. It relates between factors and responses and gives statistically significant values, along with enhancing the quality of the analysis. CPX and RUT were separated on the Kromasil C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm) using an isocratic mobile phase combination of phosphoric acid buffer (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile with the ratio of 87:13% v/v at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. CPX and RUT were detected at their respective wavelengths of 278 and 368 nm using a photodiode array detector. The developed method was validated according to guideline ICH Q2 R (1). The validation parameters taken were linearity, system suitability, accuracy, precision, robustness, sensitivity, and solution stability which were in the acceptable range. The findings suggest that the developed RP-HPLC method can be successfully applied to analyze novel CPX-RUT-loaded bilosomal nanoformulation prepared by thin-film hydration technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athar Shamim
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhussain Aodah
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muzaffar Iqbal
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451,Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Aqil
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohd. Aamir Mirza
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Asgar Ali
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
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29
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Budama-Kilinc Y, Gok B, Cetin Aluc C, Kecel-Gunduz S. In vitro and in silico evaluation of the design of nano-phyto-drug candidate for oral use against Staphylococcus aureus. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15523. [PMID: 37309371 PMCID: PMC10257901 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Onopordum acanthium is a medicinal plant with many important properties, such as antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-hypotensive properties. Although various studies reported the biological activities of O. acanthium, there is no study on its nano-phyto-drug formulation. The aim of this study is to develop a candidate nano-drug based on phytotherapeutic constituents and evaluate its efficiency in vitro and in silico. In this context, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) of O. acanthium extract (OAE) were synthesized and characterized. It was determined that the average particle size of OAE-PLGA-NPs was 214.9 ± 6.77 nm, and the zeta potential was -8.03 ± 0.85 mV, and PdI value was 0.064 ± 0.013. The encapsulation efficiency of OAE-PLGA-NPs was calculated as 91%, and the loading capacity as 75.83%. The in vitro drug release study showed that OAE was released from the PLGA NPs with 99.39% over the 6 days. Furthermore, the mutagenic and cytotoxic activity of free OAE and OAE-PLGA-NPs were evaluated by the Ames test and MTT test, respectively. Although 0.75 and 0.37 mg/mL free OAE concentrations caused both frameshift mutation and base pair substitution (p < 0.05), the administered OAE-PLGA NP concentrations were not mutagenic. It was determined with the MTT analysis that the doses of 0.75 and 1.5 mg/mL of free OAE had a cytotoxic effect on the L929 fibroblast cell line (p < 0.05), and OAE-PLGA-NPs had no cytotoxic effect. Moreover, the interaction between the OAE and S. aureus was also investigated using the molecular docking analysis method. The molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) results were implemented to elucidate the S. aureus MurE inhibition potential of OAE. It was shown that quercetin in the OAE content interacted significantly with the substantial residues in the catalytic pocket of the S. aureus MurE enzyme, and quercetin performed four hydrogen bond interactions corresponding to a low binding energy of -6.77 kcal/mol with catalytic pocket binding residues, which are crucial for the inhibition mechanism of S. aureus MurE. Finally, the bacterial inhibition values of free OAE and OAE-PLGA NPs were determined against S. aureus using a microdilution method. The antibacterial results showed that the inhibition value of the OAE-PLGA NPs was 69%. In conclusion, from the in vitro and in silico results of the nano-sized OAE-PLGA NP formulation produced in this study, it was evaluated that the formulation may be recommended as a safe and effective nano-phyto-drug candidate against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Budama-Kilinc
- Bioengineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Health Biotechnology Joint Research and Application Center of Excellence, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Gok
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Cetin Aluc
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Abdi Ibrahim Production Facilities, Abdi Ibrahim Pharmaceuticals, Istanbul, Turkey
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30
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Adel Abdelbari M, El-Gazar AA, Ahmed Abdelbary A, Hassen Elshafeey A, Mosallam S. Brij® integrated bilosomes for improving the transdermal delivery of niflumic acid for effective treatment of osteoarthritis: In vitro characterization, ex vivo permeability assessment, and in vivo study. Int J Pharm 2023; 640:123024. [PMID: 37156309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Bilosomes are innovative vesicular carriers containing bile salt with a non-ionic surfactant. Being highly flexible, bilosomes can squeeze themselves through the skin carrying the drug to the action site and improving its skin penetration. The objective of this research was to encapsulate niflumic acid (NA), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug into Brij® integrated bilosomes (BIBs) for effective treatment of osteoarthritis through transdermal delivery. BIBs were formulated using 100 mg of Span 20 with different amounts of sodium cholate (NaC), sodium taurocholate (NaTC), or sodium glycocholate (NaGC) as bile salt, with the addition of 5 mg of Brij-93 or Brij-35. BIBs were prepared utilizing ethanol injection method with the application of (31×22) complete factorial design using Design-Expert® software. The optimal BIBs formulation determined was (B5) which contains 5 mg of NaTC used as bile salt and 5 mg of Brij-93. B5 exhibited entrapment efficiency% = 95.21 ± 0.00%, particle size = 373.05 ± 0.07 nm, polydispersity index = 0.27 ± 0.01, and zeta potential = -32.00 ± 0.00 mV. It also had a high elasticity with a spherical shape. B5 gel displayed a sustained release profile with a significantly 2.3 folds' higher drug permeation percent across rat skin than that permeated from NA gel. Moreover, in vivo anti-osteoarthritic and histopathological studies assured the efficacy and safety of B5 gel and its superiority over NA gel. Generally, the outcomes confirmed the great efficacy of NA loaded BIBs for the topical treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar Adel Abdelbari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amira A El-Gazar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aly Ahmed Abdelbary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire hosted by Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hassen Elshafeey
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa Mosallam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
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AbuBakr AH, Hassan HAFM, Abdalla A, Khowessah OM, Abdelbary GA. Therapeutic potential of cationic bilosomes in the treatment of carrageenan-induced rat arthritis via fluticasone propionate gel. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122776. [PMID: 36841370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Arthritis is a debilitating disease that affects the patient's mobility and quality of life. This study focused on the development and optimization of a cationic nanosized bilosomal formula for the efficient transdermal treatment of arthritis. An optimum Fluticasone Propionate-loaded bilosomes (OFP) was developed using the Draper-Lin small composite design based on the optimization of 4 factors and evaluation of entrapment efficiency (Y1), vesicle size (Y2), skin flux (Y3), and skin accumulation (Y4). The OFP was characterized against the drug suspension, loaded into a Carbopol gel, and a histopathological assessment was conducted on a carrageenan-induced rat joint arthritis in comparison with cultivate® cream and traditional gel. Interluekin-1β and TNF-α levels were also measured. The optimal formula was formulated using 2.99% phospholipon90G, 0.04% sodium deoxycholate, and 0.29% stearylamine, and showed 84.72%, 268.13 nm, 5.89 µg/cm2/h, and 16.21 µg/cm2 /24 h for Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4, respectively. The thermal analysis of OFP demonstrated a single broad endothermic peak for bilosomes with no detectable peak for the amorphous drug. TEM images revealed the spherical structures of the nanosized OFP, while CLSM demonstrated enhanced permeation efficiency over the drug suspension. The in-vivo study further proved the promising efficacy of the optimum OFP, where a complete recovery of the normal histological structure of a rat joint and normal levels of the inflammatory markers were observed within 20 days following once daily application of the optimum bilosomal gel. Therefore, OFP represents a competent nanocarrier for efficient transdermal management of joint arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Hameed AbuBakr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Po.Box 11829, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hatem A F M Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt; School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdalla
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Po.Box 11829, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omneya M Khowessah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Abdelbary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
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Salem HF, Moubarak GA, Ali AA, Salama AAA, Salama AH. Budesonide-Loaded Bilosomes as a Targeted Delivery Therapeutic Approach Against Acute Lung Injury in Rats. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:760-770. [PMID: 36228754 PMCID: PMC9549718 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Budesonide (BUD), a glucocorticoids drug, inhibits all steps in the inflammatory response. It can reduce and treat inflammation and other symptoms associated with acute lung injury such as COVID-19. Loading BUD into bilosomes could boost its therapeutic activity, and lessen its frequent administration and side effects. Different bilosomal formulations were prepared where the independent variables were lipid type (Cholesterol, Phospholipon 80H, L-alpha phosphatidylcholine, and Lipoid S45), bile salt type (Na cholate and Na deoxycholate), and drug concentration (10, 20 mg). The measured responses were: vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, and release efficiency. One optimum formulation (composed of cholesterol, Na cholate, and 10 mg of BUD) was selected and investigated for its anti-inflammatory efficacy in vivo using Wistar albino male rats. Randomly allocated rats were distributed into four groups: The first: normal control group and received intranasal saline, the second one acted as the acute lung injury model received intranasal single dose of 2 mg/kg potassium dichromate (PD). Whereas the third and fourth groups received the market product (Pulmicort® nebulising suspension 0.5 mg/ml) and the optimized formulation (0.5 mg/kg; intranasal) for 7 days after PD instillation, respectively. Results showed that the optimized formulation decreased the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, and TGF-β contents as well as reduced PKC content in lung. These findings suggest the potentiality of BUD-loaded bilosomes for the treatment of acute lung injury with the ability of inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cytokines induced COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba F Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ghada Abdelsabour Moubarak
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6(th) of October City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adel A Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Abeer A A Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Alaa H Salama
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6(th) of October City, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
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Sakr MG, El-Zahaby SA, Al-Mahallawi AM, Ghorab DM. Fabrication of betaxolol hydrochloride-loaded highly permeable ocular bilosomes (HPOBs) to combat glaucoma: In vitro, ex vivo & in vivo characterizations. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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Integration of terpesomes loaded Levocetrizine dihydrochloride gel as a repurposed cure for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-Induced skin infection; D-optimal optimization, ex-vivo, in-silico, and in-vivo studies. Int J Pharm 2023; 633:122621. [PMID: 36693486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The intention of this work is to assess the repurposed antimicrobial impact of Levocetirizine dihydrochloride (LVC), which is a well-known antihistaminic drug, in addition, to augment the antimicrobial effect by using terpene-enriched vesicles (TPs). To investigate how various parameters affect TPs aspects, TPs were made employing the ethanol-injection-method and optimized d-optimal design. The TPs were characterized based on their entrapment efficiency percentage (EE%), particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP). The optimum TP was submitted to more examinations. The optimum TP (TP12) showed a spherical vesicle having an EE% of 66.39 ± 0.12%, PS of 243.3 ± 4.60 nm, PDI of 0.458 ± 0.003, and ZP of 24.2 ± 0.55 mV. The in-vitro release study results demonstrated that LVC is sustainedly liberated from the optimum TP compared to LVC-solution. The ex-vivo assessment showed that LVC was released in a more sustained manner from TPs-gel related to LVC solution, optimum TP, and LVC gel. Ex-vivo visualization by confocal laser scanning microscopy showed good deposition of the fluorescein-labeled TP. Further, the in-vitro anti-bacterial effect and biofilm inhibition and detachment assessment confirmed the potency of LVC against Methicillin-resistant-Staphylococcus-aureus (MRSA). The in-silico study demonstrated that the LVC has excellent stability with other ingredients combined with it in the TPs, further, it proved that LVC is a potential candidate for treating MRSA. In-vivo assessments revealed a good antimicrobial effect toward MRSA infection. Moreover, the histopathological evaluation confirmed the safety of using TPs-gel topically. In conclusion, MRSA-related skin infections may be treated using the LVC loaded TPs-gel as a promising system.
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Imam SS, Gilani SJ, Zafar A, Jumah MNB, Alshehri S. Formulation of Miconazole-Loaded Chitosan-Carbopol Vesicular Gel: Optimization to In Vitro Characterization, Irritation, and Antifungal Assessment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020581. [PMID: 36839903 PMCID: PMC9959533 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Miconazole nitrate (MN) is a poorly water-soluble and antifungal drug used for fungal infections. The present research work was designed to develop topical MN-loaded bilosomes (BSs) for the improvement of therapeutic efficacy. MZBSs were prepared by using the thin-film hydration method and further optimized by using the Box-Behnken statistical design (BBD). The optimized miconazole bilosome (MZBSo) showed nano-sized vesicles, a low polydispersity index, a high entrapment efficiency, and zeta potential. Further, MZBSo was incorporated into the gel using carbopol 934P and chitosan polymers. The selected miconazole bilosome gel (MZBSoG2) demonstrated an acceptable pH (6.4 ± 0.1), viscosity (1856 ± 21 cP), and spreadability (6.6 ± 0.2 cm2). Compared to MZBSo (86.76 ± 3.7%), MZBSoG2 showed a significantly (p < 0.05) slower drug release (58.54 ± 4.1%). MZBSoG2 was found to be a non-irritant because it achieved a score of zero (standard score) in the HET-CAM test. It also exhibited significant antifungal activity compared to pure MZ against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The stability study results showed no significant changes after stability testing under accelerated conditions. MZ-loaded gels could serve as effective alternative carriers for improving therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Jamal Gilani
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Foundation Year of Health Colleges, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.J.G.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.J.G.); (A.Z.)
| | - May Nasser Bin Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Environment and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Society for Applied Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Khafagy ES, Almutairy BK, Abu Lila AS. Tailoring of Novel Bile Salt Stabilized Vesicles for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Simvastatin: A New Therapeutic Approach against Inflammation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030677. [PMID: 36771977 PMCID: PMC9921379 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin (SMV), a cholesterol-lowering agent, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, the oral use of SMV is linked with poor systemic bioavailability owing to its limited aqueous solubility and extensive first-pass metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of transdermal delivery of SMV using bile salt stabilized vesicles (bilosomes) for enhancing the anti-inflammatory potential of SMV. SMV-loaded bilosomes (SMV-BS) were prepared by the thin film hydration technique and optimized by 33 Box-Behnken design. The fabricated SMV-BS were assessed for vesicle size, entrapment efficiency (% EE) and cumulative drug release. The optimized formula was incorporated into HPMC gel and investigated for physical properties, ex vivo permeation, in vivo pharmacokinetic study and anti-inflammatory potential in inflamed paw edema rat model. The optimized SMV-BS showed vesicle size of 172.1 ± 8.1 nm and % EE of 89.2 ± 1.8%. In addition, encapsulating SMV within bilosomal vesicles remarkably sustained drug release over 12 h, compared to plain drug suspension. Furthermore, SMV-loaded bilosomal gel showed a three-fold enhancement in SMV transdermal flux, compared to plain drug suspension. Most importantly, the relative bioavailability of SMV-BS gel was ~2-fold and ~3-fold higher than those of oral SMV suspension and SMV gel, respectively. In carrageenan-induced paw edema model, SMV-BS gel induced a potent anti-inflammatory effect, as evidenced by a remarkable reduction in paw edema, which was comparable to that of the standard anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin. Collectively, bilosomes might represent a plausible transdermal drug delivery system that could enhance the anti-inflammatory activity of SMV by boosting its skin permeation and its systemic bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-533-564-286
| | - Bjad K. Almutairy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Selim Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Alenzi AM, Albalawi SA, Alghamdi SG, Albalawi RF, Albalawi HS, Qushawy M. Review on Different Vesicular Drug Delivery Systems (VDDSs) and Their Applications. RECENT PATENTS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 17:18-32. [PMID: 35227188 DOI: 10.2174/1872210516666220228150624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colloidal dispersions, also known as vesicular drug delivery systems (VDDSs), are highly ordered assemblies composed of one or more concentric bilayers formed by the self-assembly of amphiphilic building blocks in the presence of water. OBJECTIVE VDDSs are important to target the entrapped drugs at specific sites inside the body, control the drug release, enhance the drug bioavailability, and reduce undesired side effects. METHODS There are different types of VDDSs suitable for the entrapment of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. According to the patent composition, VDDSs are classified into lipid-based and nonlipid- based VDDSs. RESULTS There are different types of VDDSs which include liposomes, ethosomes, transferosomes, ufasomes, colloidosomes, cubosomes, niosomes, bilosomes, aquasomes, etc. Conclusion: This review article aims to address the different types of VDDSs, their advantages and disadvantages, and their therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma M Alenzi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana A Albalawi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shatha G Alghamdi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan F Albalawi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel S Albalawi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Qushawy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Alarish, North Sinai 45511, Egypt
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Nemr AA, El-Mahrouk GM, Badie HA. Hyaluronic acid-enriched bilosomes: an approach to enhance ocular delivery of agomelatine via D-optimal design: formulation, in vitro characterization, and in vivo pharmacodynamic evaluation in rabbits. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:2343-2356. [PMID: 35869684 PMCID: PMC9477486 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2100513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Agomelatine (AGO) is a dual-functional drug. It uses as an antidepressant when orally administrated and antiglaucomic when topically applied to the eye. This study aimed to formulate AGO into bilosomal vesicles for glaucoma treatment, as modern studies pointed out the effect of topical AGO on intraocular pressure for the treatment of glaucoma. A modified ethanol injection technique was used for the fabrication of AGO bilosomes according to a D-optimal design. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) to edge activator (EA) ratio, Hyaluronic acid percentage (HA%), and EA type were utilized as independent variables. The measured responses were percent entrapment efficiency (EE%), particle size (PS), polydispersity index, zeta potential, percentage of drug released after 2 h (Q2h%), and 24 h (Q24h%). The optimal bilosomal formula (OB), with the desirability of 0.814 and the composition of 2:1 PC: EA ratio, 0.26% w/v HA and sodium cholate as EA, was subjected to further in vitro characterizations and in vivo evaluation studies. The OB formula had EE% of 81.81 ± 0.23%, PS of 432.45 ± 0.85 nm, Q2h% of 42.65 ± 0.52%, and Q24h% of 75.14 ± 0.39%. It demonstrated a higher elasticity than their corresponding niosomes with a typical spherical shape of niosomes by using transmission electron microscope. It exhibited acceptable stability over three months. pH and Refractive index measurements together with the histopathological study ensured that the OB formula is safe for the eye and causes no ocular irritation or blurred vision. The OB formula showed superiority in the in vivo pharmacodynamics parameters over the AGO solution, so AGO-loaded bilosome could improve ocular delivery and the bioavailability of agomelatine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Ashraf Nemr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Galal Mohamed El-Mahrouk
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hany Abdo Badie
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
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Elkomy MH, Eid HM, Elmowafy M, Shalaby K, Zafar A, Abdelgawad MA, Rateb ME, Ali MRA, Alsalahat I, Abou-Taleb HA. Bilosomes as a promising nanoplatform for oral delivery of an alkaloid nutraceutical: improved pharmacokinetic profile and snowballed hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:2694-2704. [PMID: 35975320 PMCID: PMC9387316 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2110997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening metabolic disease. At the moment, there is no effective treatment available to combat it. In this study, we aimed to develop berberine-loaded bilosomes (BER-BLS) to boost the oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of berberine, a natural antidiabetic medication. The BER-BLS was fabricated using a thin-film hydration strategy and optimized using a central composite design (face-centered). The average vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, and surface charge of the optimized BER-BLS preparation were 196.5 nm, 89.7%, (−) 36.4 mV, respectively. In addition, it exhibited higher stability and better-sustained release of berberine than the berberine solution (BER-SOL). BER-BLS and BER-SOL were administered to streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. The optimized BER-BLS formulation had a significant hypoglycemic impact, with a maximum blood glucose decrease of 41%, whereas BER-SOL only reduced blood glucose by 19%. Furthermore, the pharmacological effect of oral BER-BLS and BER-SOL corresponded to 99.3% and 31.7%, respectively, when compared to subcutaneous insulin (1 IU). A pharmacokinetic analysis found a 6.4-fold rise in the relative bioavailability of berberine in BER-BLS when compared to BER-SOL at a dosage of 100 mg/kg body weight. Histopathological investigation revealed that BER-BLS is suitable for oral administration. Our data demonstrate that BLS is a potential nanocarrier for berberine administration, enhancing its oral bioavailability and antidiabetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H Elkomy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein M Eid
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Shalaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa E Rateb
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Mohammed R A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Izzeddin Alsalahat
- UK Dementia Research Institute Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Heba A Abou-Taleb
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Merit University (MUE), Sohag, Egypt
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Teaima MH, Eltabeeb MA, El-Nabarawi MA, Abdellatif MM. Utilization of propranolol hydrochloride mucoadhesive invasomes as a locally acting contraceptive: in-vitro, ex-vivo, and in-vivo evaluation. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:2549-2560. [PMID: 35912869 PMCID: PMC9347470 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2100514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
It was found that propranolol hydrochloride (PNL), which is a beta-blocker used for hypertension treatment, has a potent spermicidal activity through local anesthetic activity or beta-blocking effect on sperm cells subsequently it could be used as a contraceptive remedy. This study aimed to entrap PNL into invasomes (INVs) and then formulate it as a locally acting contraceptive gel. PNL-loaded mucoadhesive INVs were prepared via the thin-film hydration technique. The D-optimal design was utilized to fabricate INVs employing lipid concentration (X1), terpenes concentration (X2), terpenes type (X3), and chitosan concentration (X4) as independent variables, while their impact was observed for entrapment efficiency percent (Y1; EE%), particle size (Y2; PS), zeta potential (Y3; ZP), and amount of drug released after 6 h (Y4; Q6h). Design Expert® was bestowed to nominate the desired formula. The selected INV was subjected to further studies and formulated into a mucoadhesive gel for ex-vivo and in-vivo investigations. The optimum INV showed a spherical shape with EE% of 65.01 ± 1.24%, PS of 243.75 ± 8.13 nm, PDI of 0.203 ± 0.01, ZP of 49.80 ± 0.42 mV, and Q6h of 53.16 ± 0.73%. Differential scanning calorimetry study asserted the capability of INVs to entrap PNL. Permeation studies confirmed the desired sustained effect of PNL-loaded INVs-gel compared to PNL-gel, INVs, and PNL solution. Sperm motility assay proved the potency of INVs-gel to inhibit sperm motility. Besides, the histopathological investigation verified the tolerability of the prepared INVs-gel. Taken together, the gained data justified the efficacy of PNL-loaded INVs-gel as a potential locally acting contraceptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud H Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Moaz A Eltabeeb
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Menna M Abdellatif
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
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Narayanan VA, Sharma A, S. RK, R. AT, P. GM, S. P, John A. Bilosomes as a Potential Carrier to Enhance Cognitive Effects of Bacopa monnieri Extract on Oral Administration. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES NU 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda employs Bacopa monnieri extract (BME) for memory enhancement. This study attempts to prepare and test a more potent formulation by incorporating BME in nanovesicles. BME-loaded liposomes and bilosomes (bile salt-stabilized liposomes) were formulated using soy phosphatidylcholine. Liposomes and bilosomes had homogeneous size distribution and an average size of 285.7 nm and 84 nm, respectively, with satisfactory zeta potential. Spherical multilamellar bilosomes and unilamellar liposomes were observed under transmission electron microscope (TEM), with BME entrapment efficiency of 85% and 45%, respectively. During a 72 h interval, bilosomes and liposomes released 78% and 65% of the loaded BME, exhibiting a biphasic release, following the Higuchi model diffusion. Both liposomes and bilosomes were stable in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. When tested on dementia-induced Swiss albino mouse models using the Y-maze apparatus, the bilosome-treated group showed significant cognition enhancement activity than those treated with liposomal vesicles. The better pharmacological effect shown by bilosomes may be attributed to better bioavailability, possibly augmented by higher entrapment efficiency, and improved vesicle integrity afforded by bile salts. Likewise, bilosomes were more stable than liposomes in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. Taken together, innovative formulation techniques hold substantial promise for enhancing the ethnopharmacological claims of BME.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Anoop Narayanan
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Derlakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ankitha Sharma
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Derlakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajesh K. S.
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Derlakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Arunraj T. R.
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Derlakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Gururaj M. P.
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Derlakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Parasuraman S.
- Unit Head, Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia
| | - Anish John
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Derlakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Permeation enhancers loaded bilosomes for improved intestinal absorption and cytotoxic activity of doxorubicin. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122427. [PMID: 36435504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The clinical utility of doxorubicin is compromised due to dose related toxic side effects and limited oral bioavailability with no oral formulation being marketed. Enhancement of intestinal absorption and magnification of cytotoxicity can overcome these limitations. Accordingly, the objective was to probe penetration enhancers, bilosomes and their combinations for enhanced intestinal absorption and improved cytotoxicity of doxorubicin. Piperine and dipyridamole were tested as enhancers alone or encapsulated in bilosomes comprising Span60, cholesterol and bile salts. Bilosomes were nanosized spherical vesicles with negative zeta potential and were able to entrap doxorubicin with efficiency ranging from 45.3 % to 53 %. Intestinal absorption studies utilized in-situ rabbit intestinal perfusion which revealed site dependent doxorubicin absorption correlating with regional distribution of efflux transporters. Co-perfusion with the enhancer increased intestinal absorption with further augmentation after bilosomal encapsulation. The latter increased the % fraction absorbed by 4.5-6 and 1.8-2.5-fold from jejuno-ileum and colon, respectively, depending on bilosomes composition. Additionally, doxorubicin cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) was significantly improved after bilosomal encapsulation and the recorded doxorubicin IC50 value was reduced from 13.3 μM to 0.1 μM for the best formulation. The study introduced bilosomes encapsulating absorption enhancers as promising carriers for enhanced cytotoxicity and oral absorption of doxorubicin.
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Zaki RM, Seshadri VD, Mutayran AS, Elsawaf LA, Hamad AM, Almurshedi AS, Yusif RM, Said M. Wound Healing Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Transethosomal Gel, I Optimal Optimization, Histological and In Vivo Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112521. [PMID: 36432712 PMCID: PMC9692372 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to make a formulation and statistical optimization of transethosomal formulations of rosuvastatin (ROS) to enhance its topical wound healing efficiency. Design-Expert® software was used to employ I optimal design. The formulation variables in the study were surfactant concentration (%w/v), ethanol concentration (%w/v) and surfactant type (span 60 or tween 80), while the dependent responses were entrapment efficiency percent (EE%), vesicle size (VS) and zeta potential (ZP). The numerical optimization process employed by the design expert software resulted in an optimum formula composed of 0.819439 (%w/v) span 60, 40 (%w/v) ethanol and 100 mg lecithin with a desirability of 0.745. It showed a predicted EE% value of 66.5517 vs. 277.703 nm and a ZP of -33. When it was prepared and validated, it showed less than a 5% deviation from the predicted values. The optimum formula was subjected to further characterizations, such as DSC, XRD, TEM, in vitro release, the effect of aging and wound healing efficiency. The DSC thermogram made a confirmation of the compatibility of ROS with the ingredients used in the formulation. XRD showed the encapsulation of ROS in the transethosomal vesicles. The TEM image pointed out the spherical nature of the nanovesicles with the absence of aggregation. Additionally, the optimum formula revealed an enhancement of drug release in comparison with the drug suspension. It also showed good stability for one month. Furthermore, it revealed good wound healing efficiency when compared with the standard silver sulphadiazine (1% w/w) ointment or the drug-loaded gel, which could be related to the enhanced penetration of the nanosized vesicles of TESMs into the skin, which enhances the wound healing process. So, it could be regarded as a promising carrier of ROS for the treatment of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Mohammed Zaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-540-617-870
| | - Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud S. Mutayran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lara A. Elsawaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubaker M. Hamad
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Health Sciences, AL-Rayan Colleges, Al-Hijra Road, Madinah Al Munawwarah 42541, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanood S. Almurshedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Mohammad Yusif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, P.O. Box 30039, Madinah Al Munawwarah 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayada Said
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Teaima MH, Helal DA, Alsofany JM, El-Nabarawi MA, Yasser M. Ion-Triggered In Situ Gelling Intranasal Spray of Dronedarone Hydrochloride Nanocarriers: In Vitro Optimization and In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Appraisal. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2405. [PMID: 36365223 PMCID: PMC9694345 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to develop niosomal nanocarriers for intranasal delivery of dronedarone hydrochloride to ameliorate its limited bioavailability. Niosomes were prepared by ethanol injection method and optimized using 3² full factorial experimental design. Both Span® type (X1) and Span®: cholesterol ratio (X2) were set as independent variables. Vesicle size (Y1), polydispersity index (Y2), zeta potential (Y3), and entrapment efficiency (Y4) were set as responses. The optimal formula was further incorporated into an ion-sensitive in situ gelling polymer for intranasal delivery. Optimal formula (N7), which is composed of Span® 80: cholesterol (1:1), was of the least vesicle size (121.27 ± 13.31 nm), least polydispersity index (0.43 ± 0.073), highest zeta potential (-22.23 ± 2.84 mV) and highest entrapment efficiency (73.44 ± 2.8%). About 75.86% and 60.29% of dronedarone hydrochloride were released from N7 dispersion and in situ gel, respectively, within 12 h, compared to only 13.3% released from a drug-free suspension. In vivo pharmacokinetic study on male New Zealand rabbits resulted in significantly higher Cmax, AUC0-72, and AUC0-∞ of intranasal niosomal in situ gel compared to oral suspension. Almost twofold amplification of relative bioavailability was obtained after intranasal administration of niosomal in situ gel (195.7%) compared to oral suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud H. Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Doaa A. Helal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Jihad M. Alsofany
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, 25th District, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Yasser
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
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Alsaidan OA, Zafar A, Yasir M, Alzarea SI, Alqinyah M, Khalid M. Development of Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Bilosomes In-Situ Gel for Ocular Delivery: Optimization, In-Vitro Characterization, Ex-Vivo Permeation, and Antimicrobial Study. Gels 2022; 8:gels8110687. [PMID: 36354595 PMCID: PMC9688993 DOI: 10.3390/gels8110687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional eye drops are most commonly employed topically in the eye for the management of bacterial conjunctivitis. Eye drops have a low corneal residence time and 90−95% of the administered dose is eliminated from the eye by blinking and the nasolacrimal drainage system. This problem can be minimized by formulating a mucoadhesive ocular in-situ gel system that undergoes sol-gel transition upon stimulation by temperature, pH, and ions. The goal of this study was to develop ciprofloxacin (CIP) loaded bilosomes (BLO) in-situ gel for the improvement of therapeutic efficacy. The BLO was prepared by the thin-film hydration method and optimized by the Box−Behnken design. Cholesterol (CHO), surfactant (Span 60), and bile salt (sodium deoxycholate/SDC) were used as formulation factors. The vesicle size (nm) and entrapment efficiency (%) were selected as responses (dependent factors). The optimized CIP-BLO (CIP-BLO-opt) formulation displayed a vesicle size of 182.4 ± 9.2 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.274, a zeta potential of −34,461.51 mV, and an entrapment efficiency of 90.14 ± 1.24%. Both x-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry spectra did not exhibit extensive peaks of CIP in CIP-BLO-opt, revealing that CIP is encapsulated in the BLO matrix. The CIP-BLO-opt formulation was successfully incorporated into an in-situ gel system using a gelling agent, i.e., Carbopol 934P and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K100 M). CIP-BLO-opt in-situ gel formulation (CIP-BLO-opt-IG3) was evaluated for gelling capacity, clarity, pH, viscosity, in-vitro CIP release, bio-adhesive, ex-vivo permeation, toxicity, and antimicrobial study. The CIP-BLO-opt-IG3 exhibited satisfactory gelling properties with a viscosity of 145.85 ± 9.48 cP in the gelling state. CIP-BLO-opt-IG3 displayed sustained CIP release (83.87 ± 5.24%) with Korsmeyer−Peppas kinetic as a best-fitted model (R2 = 0.9667). CIP-BLO-opt-IG3 exhibited a 1.16-fold than CIP-IG and a 2.08-fold higher permeability than pure CIP. CIP-BLO-opt-IG3 displayed a significantly greater bio-adhesion property (924.52 ± 12.37 dyne/cm2) than tear film. Further, CIP-BLO-opt-IG3 does not display any toxicity as confirmed by corneal hydration (76.15%), histology, and the HET-CAM test (zero scores). CIP-BLO-opt-IG3 shows significantly higher (p < 0.05) antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus than pure CIP. From all these findings, it could be concluded that CIP-BLO-opt-IG3 might be an effective strategy for the increment of corneal residence time and therapeutic activity of CIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Awad Alsaidan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohd Yasir
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella 396, Ethiopia
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alqinyah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Aldawsari MF, Khafagy ES, Alotaibi HF, Abu Lila AS. Vardenafil-Loaded Bilosomal Mucoadhesive Sponge for Buccal Delivery: Optimization, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194184. [PMID: 36236132 PMCID: PMC9573218 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vardenafil (VDF) is a relatively new phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor that has limited oral bioavailability (≈15%). The objective of this study was to develop bilosome-based mucoadhesive buccal sponge for augmenting the oral bioavailability of VDF. VDF-loaded bilosomes were fabricated and optimized using a Box-Behnken design. The optimized VDF-loaded bilosomal formulation was assessed for surface morphology, particle size, thermal characteristics, and in vitro release. Afterwards, the optimized bilosomal formulation was incorporated into a cellulose-based matrix to obtain buccal sponge, which was evaluated for ex vivo permeation studies, in vivo oral bioavailability, and in vivo serum concentration of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). The mean particle size and entrapment efficiency (%) of optimized bilosome formulation were 282.6 ± 9.5 nm and 82.95 ± 3.5%, respectively. In vitro release studies at pH 6.8 emphasized the potential of optimized bilosomal formulation to sustain VDF release for 12 h. Ex vivo permeation study using sheep buccal mucosa indicated significant enhancement in penetration of VDF from bilosomal buccal sponge compared to plain VDF gel. Pharmacokinetic study in Albino rats showed ~5 fold increase in relative bioavailability with bilosomal buccal sponge, compared to VDF suspension. In addition, VDF-loaded bilosomal buccal sponge triggered higher serum levels of cGMP, a biomarker of VDF in vivo efficacy, compared to oral VDF suspension. To sum up, bilosomes might represent a potential nanocarrier for buccal delivery of VDF, enhancing its oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Hadil Faris Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Selim Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Novel Bile Salt Stabilized Vesicles-Mediated Effective Topical Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium: A New Therapeutic Approach for Pain and Inflammation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091106. [PMID: 36145327 PMCID: PMC9506322 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral delivery of diclofenac sodium (DNa), a non-steroidal analgesic, anti-inflammatory drug, is associated with various gastrointestinal side effects. The aim of the research was to appraise the potential of transdermal delivery of DNa using bilosomes as a vesicular carrier (BSVC) in inflamed paw edema. DNa-BSVCs were elaborated using a thin-film hydration technique and optimized using a 31.22 multilevel categoric design with Design Expert® software 10 software (Stat-Ease, Inc., Minneapolis, MI, USA). The effect of formulation variables on the physicochemical properties of BSVC, as well as the optimal formulation selection, was investigated. The BSVCs were evaluated for various parameters including entrapment efficiency (EE%), vesicle size (VS), zeta potential (ZP) and permeation studies. The optimized BSVC was characterized for in vitro release, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and incorporated into hydrogel base. The optimized DNa-BSVC gel effectiveness was assessed in vivo using carrageenan-induced paw edema animal model via cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), Hemooxygenase 1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor-erythroid factor2-related factor 2 (Nfr-2) that potentiate anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity coupled with histopathological investigation. The resulting vesicles presented VS from 120.4 ± 0.65 to 780.4 ± 0.99 nm, EE% from 61.7 ± 3.44 to 93.2 ± 2.21%, ZP from −23.8 ± 2.65 to −82.1 ± 12.63 mV and permeation from 582.9 ± 32.14 to 1350.2 ± 45.41 µg/cm2. The optimized BSVCs were nano-scaled spherical vesicles with non-overlapped bands of their constituents in the FTIR. Optimized formulation has superior skin permeability ex vivo approximately 2.5 times greater than DNa solution. Furthermore, histological investigation discovered that the formed BSVC had no skin irritating properties. It was found that DNa-BSVC gel suppressed changes in oxidative inflammatory mediators (COX-2), IL-6 and consequently enhanced Nrf2 and HO-1 levels. Moreover, reduction of percent of paw edema by about three-folds confirmed histopathological alterations. The results revealed that the optimized DNa-BSVC could be a promising transdermal drug delivery system to boost anti-inflammatory efficacy of DNa by enhancing the skin permeation of DNa and suppressing the inflammation of rat paw edema.
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Aziz D, Mohamed SA, Tayel S, Makhlouf A. Enhanced Ocular Anti-Aspergillus Activity of Tolnaftate Employing Novel Cosolvent-Modified Spanlastics: Formulation, Statistical Optimization, Kill Kinetics, Ex Vivo Trans-Corneal Permeation, In Vivo Histopathological and Susceptibility Study. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081746. [PMID: 36015372 PMCID: PMC9415006 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tolnaftate (TOL) is a thiocarbamate fungicidal drug used topically in the form of creams and ointments. No ocular formulations of TOL are available for fungal keratitis (FK) treatment due to its poor water solubility and unique ocular barriers. Therefore, this study aimed at developing novel modified spanlastics by modulating spanlastics composition using different glycols for enhancing TOL ocular delivery. To achieve this goal, TOL basic spanlastics were prepared by ethanol injection method using a full 32 factorial design. By applying the desirability function, the optimal formula (BS6) was selected and used as a nucleus for preparing and optimizing TOL-cosolvent spanlastics according to the full 31.21 factorial design. The optimal formula (MS6) was prepared using 30% propylene glycol and showed entrapment efficiency percent (EE%) of 66.10 ± 0.57%, particle size (PS) of 231.20 ± 0.141 nm, and zeta potential (ZP) of -32.15 ± 0.07 mV. MS6 was compared to BS6 and both nanovesicles significantly increased the corneal permeation potential of TOL than drug suspension. Additionally, in vivo histopathological experiment was accomplished and confirmed the tolerability of MS6 for ocular use. The fungal susceptibility testing using Aspergillus niger confirmed that MS6 displayed more durable growth inhibition than drug suspension. Therefore, MS6 can be a promising option for enhanced TOL ocular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Sally A. Mohamed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Saadia Tayel
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Amal Makhlouf
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Optimized Apamin-Mediated Nano-Lipidic Carrier Potentially Enhances the Cytotoxicity of Ellagic Acid against Human Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169440. [PMID: 36012704 PMCID: PMC9408819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid has recently attracted increasing attention regarding its role in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Surface functionalized nanocarriers have been recently studied for enhancing cancer cells’ penetration and achieving better tumor-targeted delivery of active ingredients. Therefore, the present work aimed at investigating the potential of APA-functionalized emulsomes (EGA-EML-APA) for enhancing cytototoxic activity of EGA against human breast cancer cells. Phospholipon® 90 G: cholesterol molar ratio (PC: CH; X1, mole/mole), Phospholipon® 90 G: Tristearin weight ratio (PC: TS; X2, w/w) and apamin molar concentration (APA conc.; X3, mM) were considered as independent variables, while vesicle size (VS, Y1, nm) and zeta potential (ZP, Y2, mV) were studied as responses. The optimized formulation with minimized vs. and maximized absolute ZP was predicted successfully utilizing a numerical technique. EGA-EML-APA exhibited a significant cytotoxic effect with an IC50 value of 5.472 ± 0.21 µg/mL compared to the obtained value from the free drug 9.09 ± 0.34 µg/mL. Cell cycle profile showed that the optimized formulation arrested MCF-7 cells at G2/M and S phases. In addition, it showed a significant apoptotic activity against MCF-7 cells by upregulating the expression of p53, bax and casp3 and downregulating bcl2. Furthermore, NF-κB activity was abolished while the expression of TNfα was increased confirming the significant apoptotic effect of EGA-EML-APA. In conclusion, apamin-functionalized emulsomes have been successfully proposed as a potential anti-breast cancer formulation.
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Mondal D, Mandal RP, De S. Addressing the Superior Drug Delivery Performance of Bilosomes─A Microscopy and Fluorescence Study. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3896-3911. [PMID: 35924346 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The global health scenario in present times has raised human awareness about drug delivery strategies. Among colloidal drug delivery vehicles, vesicular nanocarriers such as liposomes and niosomes are popular. However, liposomes and niosomes get disrupted in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract. In this context, the drug delivery community has reported the superior performance of vesicles containing bile salts, that is, bilosomes. The present work attempts to examine the structural/morphological aspects underlying the superior performance of bilosomes. Optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and light scattering give a definite proof of the enhanced stability of bilosomes compared to niosomes, both prepared from the same amphiphilic molecule. Fluorescence probing of the vesicles provides detailed insight into the bilayer characteristics and the differences between bilosomes and niosomes. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies lend further support to the findings that bilosomes have a more flexible bilayer structure than niosomes. The entrapment efficiency of the vesicles for the well-known antioxidant curcumin (whose bioavailability is a matter of concern due to low water solubility) was also studied. Bilosomes show higher curcumin entrapment efficiency than niosomes. For use in drug delivery, one needs to establish a trade-off between cargo/drug entrapment and release. Thus, a flexible bilayer structure is an advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranju Prasad Mandal
- Scientist Novel Hair Dyes, Henkel Beauty Care, Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, Henkelstraße 67, 40589 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Swati De
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
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