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Hao L, Zhong X, Yu R, Chen J, Li W, Chen Y, Lu W, Wu J, Wang P. Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Decipher the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Magnolol on LPS-induced RAW264.7 Cells. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:462-478. [PMID: 37818577 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073255964230927105959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnolol is beneficial against inflammation-mediated damage. However, the underlying mechanisms by which magnolol exerts anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages remain unclear. OBJECTIVE In this study, network pharmacology and experimental validation were used to assess the effect of magnolol on inflammation caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genes related to magnolol were identified in the PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction databases, and gene information about macrophage polarization was retrieved from the GeneCards, OMIM, and PharmGKB databases. Analysis of protein-protein interactions was performed with STRING, and Cytoscape was used to construct a component-target-disease network. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to ascertain significant molecular biological processes and signaling pathways. LPS was used to construct the inflammatory cell model. ELISA and qRT.PCR were used to examine the expression levels of inflammationassociated factors, immunofluorescence was used to examine macrophage markers (CD86 and CD206), and western blotting was used to examine protein expression levels. RESULTS The hub target genes of magnolol that act on macrophage polarization were MDM2, MMP9, IL-6, TNF, EGFR, AKT1, and ERBB2. The experimental validation results showed that magnolol treatment decreased the levels of proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). Moreover, the levels of anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10 and IL-4) were increased. In addition, magnolol upregulated the expression of M2 markers (Agr-1, Fizzl, and CD206) and downregulated M1 markers (CD86). The cell experiment results supported the network pharmacological results and demonstrated that magnolol alleviated inflammation by modulating the PI3k-Akt and P62/keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION According to network pharmacology and experimental validation, magnolol attenuated inflammation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells mainly by inhibiting M1 polarization and enhancing M2 polarization by activating the PI3K/Akt and P62/keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hao
- Department of Surgery Two, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhong
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runjia Yu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhong Chen
- Department of Surgery Two, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqi Lu
- Department of Surgery Two, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyu Wu
- Department of Surgery Two, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peizong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, P.R. China
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Xiong NX, Ou J, Li SY, Zhao JH, Huang JF, Li KX, Luo SW, Liu SJ, Wen M, Wu C, Wang S, Luo KK, Hu FZ, Liu QF. A novel ferritin L (FerL) in hybrid crucian carp could participate in host defense against Aeromonas hydrophila infection and diminish inflammatory signals. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:620-632. [PMID: 34968709 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
FerL, a multifunctional iron-storage polypeptide, not only exhibited a regulatory role in iron metabolism, but also participated in the regulation of fish immunity. In this study, ORF sequence of WR-FerL was 522 bp, encoding 173 amino acid residues. Tissue-specific analysis revealed that the highest expression of WR-FerL was detected in spleen. A. hydrophila challenge and LPS stimulation could sharply enhance WR-FerL mRNA expression in tissues and fish cells, respectively. Purified WR-FerL fusion peptide exhibited in vitro binding activity to A. hydrophila and endotoxin, limited bacterial dissemination to tissues as well as attenuated A. hydrophila-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, WR-FerL overexpression could abrogate NF-κB and TNFα promoter activity in fish cells. These results indicated that WR-FerL could play an important role in host defense against A. hydrophila infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Xia Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Jie Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Shi-Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhao
- Foreign Studies College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Jin-Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Ke-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Sheng-Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China.
| | - Shao-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China.
| | - Ming Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Chang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Shi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Kai-Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Fang-Zhou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Qing-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
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Luo SW, Mao ZW, Luo ZY, Xiong NX, Luo KK, Liu SJ, Yan T, Ding YM, Zhao RR, Wu C, Hu FZ, Liu QF, Feng PH. Chimeric ferritin H in hybrid crucian carp exhibits a similar down-regulation in lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-κB inflammatory signal in comparison with Carassius cuvieri and Carassius auratus red var. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 241:108966. [PMID: 33383192 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ferritin H can participate in the regulation of teleostean immunity. ORF sequences of RCC/WCC/WR-ferritin H were 609 bp, while WR-ferritin H gene possessed chimeric fragments or offspring-specific mutations. In order to elucidate regulation of immune-related signal transduction, three fibroblast-like cell lines derived from caudal fin of red crucian carp (RCC), white crucian carp (WCC) and their hybrid offspring (WR) were characterized and designated as RCCFCs, WCCFCs and WRFCs. A sharp increase of ferritin H mRNA was observed in RCCFCs, WCCFCs and WRFCs following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Overexpression of RCC/WCC/WR-ferritin H can decrease MyD88-IRAK4 signal and antagonize NF-κB, TNFα promoter activity in RCCFCs, WCCFCs and WRFCs, respectively. These results indicated that ferritin H in hybrid offspring harbors highly-conserved domains with a close sequence similarity to those of its parents, playing a regulatory role in inflammatory signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Zhuang-Wen Mao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha 410022, PR China
| | - Zi-Ye Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Ning-Xia Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Kai-Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Shao-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Teng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Yi-Min Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Ru-Rong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Chang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Fang-Zhou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Qing-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Ping-Hui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles 90089, USA
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Cruz-Garcia L, O’Brien G, Sipos B, Mayes S, Tichý A, Sirák I, Davídková M, Marková M, Turner DJ, Badie C. In Vivo Validation of Alternative FDXR Transcripts in Human Blood in Response to Ionizing Radiation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217851. [PMID: 33113898 PMCID: PMC7660203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Following cell stress such as ionising radiation (IR) exposure, multiple cellular pathways are activated. We recently demonstrated that ferredoxin reductase (FDXR) has a remarkable IR-induced transcriptional responsiveness in blood. Here, we provided a first comprehensive FDXR variant profile following DNA damage. First, specific quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) primers were designed to establish dose-responses for eight curated FDXR variants, all up-regulated after IR in a dose-dependent manner. The potential role of gender on the expression of these variants was tested, and neither the variants response to IR nor the background level of expression was profoundly affected; moreover, in vitro induction of inflammation temporarily counteracted IR response early after exposure. Importantly, transcriptional up-regulation of these variants was further confirmed in vivo in blood of radiotherapy patients. Full-length nanopore sequencing was performed to identify other FDXR variants and revealed the high responsiveness of FDXR-201 and FDXR-208. Moreover, FDXR-218 and FDXR-219 showed no detectable endogenous expression, but a clear detection after IR. Overall, we characterised 14 FDXR transcript variants and identified for the first time their response to DNA damage in vivo. Future studies are required to unravel the function of these splicing variants, but they already represent a new class of radiation exposure biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK; (L.C.-G.); (G.O.)
| | - Grainne O’Brien
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK; (L.C.-G.); (G.O.)
| | - Botond Sipos
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Gosling Building, Edmund Halley Way, Oxford OX4 4DQ, UK; (B.S.); (S.M.); (D.J.T.)
| | - Simon Mayes
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Gosling Building, Edmund Halley Way, Oxford OX4 4DQ, UK; (B.S.); (S.M.); (D.J.T.)
| | - Aleš Tichý
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences in Hradec Králové, University of Defence in Brno, 500 01 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
- Biomedical Research Centre, Hradec Králové University Hospital, 500 01 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Sirák
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine—Hematology, University Hospital, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Marie Davídková
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic;
| | - Markéta Marková
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, 128 00 Praha 2, Czech Republic;
| | - Daniel J. Turner
- Oxford Nanopore Technologies, Gosling Building, Edmund Halley Way, Oxford OX4 4DQ, UK; (B.S.); (S.M.); (D.J.T.)
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK; (L.C.-G.); (G.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)1235-825-088; Fax: +44-(0)1235-833-891
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Tarragô AM, da Silva Neto PV, Ramasawmy R, Pereira GL, Toro DM, de Amorim Xabregas L, Costa AG, Victória MB, da Silva Victória F, Malheiro A. Combination of genetic polymorphisms in TLR influence cytokine profile in HCV patients treated with DAAs in the State of Amazonas. Cytokine 2020; 130:155052. [PMID: 32179425 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C is a public health problem and affects approximately 3% of the world's population. HCV infections have a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes of the toll-like receptors are cited to influence the clinical outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Amazonas State, Brazil in which SNPs in TLR4 and TLR9 genes were genotyped by PCR-RFLP in 151 HCV chronic liver disease patients and 206 healthy donors. The circulating cytokines IL-6, TNF, IL-10, IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17A were measured by cytometric bead array (CBA) which revealed that the combined genotypes of TLR9 -1237T/T and -1486C/T seem to influence the cytokine profile under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of the Th17 profile, especially among patients with advanced chronic liver disease when treated with DAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Monteiro Tarragô
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Laboratório de Genômica, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Vieira da Silva Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Laboratório de Genômica, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Rajendranath Ramasawmy
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Laboratório de Genômica, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Grenda Leite Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Laboratório de Genômica, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Diana Mota Toro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Laboratório de Genômica, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Lilyane de Amorim Xabregas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Allyson Guimaraes Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Laboratório de Genômica, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Marilú Barbieri Victória
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Flamir da Silva Victória
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Adriana Malheiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Laboratório de Genômica, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas (HEMOAM), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Hematologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
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TSLP Exacerbates Septic Inflammation via Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) Signaling Pathway. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091350. [PMID: 31480519 PMCID: PMC6780965 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is crucial for Th2-mediated inflammation. Sepsis is a serious systemic inflammatory reaction with organ dysfunction by infection. However, the function of TSLP during sepsis is poorly understood. Thus, we investigated a role and regulatory mechanism of TSLP during sepsis. Sepsis was induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or Escherichia coli DH5α injection in mice. TSLP levels were measured in human subjects, mice, and macrophages. TSLP deficiency or murine double minute 2 (MDM2) deficiency was induced using siRNA or an MDM2 inhibitor, nutlin-3a. We found that TSLP levels were elevated in serum of patients and mice with sepsis. TSLP deficiency lowered liver damage and inflammatory cytokine levels in mice with sepsis. TSLP was produced by the MDM2/NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated macrophages. TSLP downregulation by an MDM2 inhibitor, nutlin-3a, alleviated clinical symptoms and septic inflammatory responses. Pharmacological inhibition of TSLP level by cisplatin reduced the septic inflammatory responses. Altogether, the present results show that TSLP exacerbates septic inflammation via the MDM2 signaling pathway, suggesting that TSLP may be a potential target for the treatment of sepsis.
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Ghosh S, Choudhury S, Mukherjee S, Gupta P, Chowdhury O, Baral R, Chattopadhyay S. Fluoxetine triggers selective apoptosis in inflammation‐induced proliferating (Ki‐67
high
) thymocytes. Immunol Cell Biol 2019; 97:470-484. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Ghosh
- Department of Physiology University of Calcutta UCSTA 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road 700009 Kolkata India
| | - Sreetama Choudhury
- Department of Physiology University of Calcutta UCSTA 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road 700009 Kolkata India
| | - Sudeshna Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology University of Calcutta UCSTA 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road 700009 Kolkata India
| | - Payal Gupta
- Department of Physiology University of Calcutta UCSTA 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road 700009 Kolkata India
| | - Olivia Chowdhury
- Department of Physiology University of Calcutta UCSTA 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road 700009 Kolkata India
| | - Rathindranath Baral
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road 700026 Kolkata India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology University of Calcutta UCSTA 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road 700009 Kolkata India
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology University of Calcutta JD‐2, Salt Lake, Sector III 700098 Kolkata India
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Dattaroy D, Seth RK, Sarkar S, Kimono D, Albadrani M, Chandrashekaran V, Al Hasson F, Singh UP, Fan D, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti P, Diehl AM, Chatterjee S. Sparstolonin B (SsnB) attenuates liver fibrosis via a parallel conjugate pathway involving P53-P21 axis, TGF-beta signaling and focal adhesion that is TLR4 dependent. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 841:33-48. [PMID: 30194936 PMCID: PMC7193950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SsnB previously showed a promising role to lessen liver inflammation observed in a mouse model of NAFLD. Since NAFLD can progress to fibrosis, studies were designed to unravel its role in attenuating NAFLD associated fibrosis. Using both in vivo and in vitro approaches, the study probed the possible mechanisms that underlined the role of SsnB in mitigating fibrosis. Mechanistically, SsnB, a TLR4 antagonist, decreased TLR4-PI3k akt signaling by upregulating PTEN protein expression. It also decreased MDM2 protein activation and increased p53 and p21 gene and protein expression. SsnB also downregulated pro-fibrogenic hedgehog signaling pathway, inhibited hepatic stellate cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in hepatic stellate cells, a mechanism that was LPS dependent. Further, SsnB decreased fibrosis by antagonizing TLR4 induced TGFβ signaling pathway. Alternatively, SsnB augmented BAMBI (a TGFβ pseudo-receptor) expression in mice liver by inhibiting TLR4 signaling pathway and thus reduced TGFβ signaling, resulting in decreased hepatic stellate cell activation and extracellular matrix deposition. In vitro experiments on human hepatic stellate cell line showed that SsnB increased gene and protein expression of BAMBI. It also decreased nuclear co-localization of phospho SMAD2/3 and SMAD4 protein and thus attenuated TGFβ signaling in vitro. We also observed a significant decrease in phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 protein, decreased STAT3 activation, alteration of focal adhesion protein and stress fiber disassembly upon SsnB administration in hepatic stellate cells which further confirmed the antagonistic effect of SsnB on TLR4-induced fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptadip Dattaroy
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Ratanesh Kumar Seth
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Sutapa Sarkar
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Diana Kimono
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Muayad Albadrani
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Varun Chandrashekaran
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Firas Al Hasson
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Udai P. Singh
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, USC, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Anna Mae Diehl
- Division of Gastroenterology, Duke University, Durham 27707, United States
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
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Cruz-Garcia L, O’Brien G, Donovan E, Gothard L, Boyle S, Laval A, Testard I, Ponge L, Woźniak G, Miszczyk L, Candéias SM, Ainsbury E, Widlak P, Somaiah N, Badie C. Influence of Confounding Factors on Radiation Dose Estimation Using In Vivo Validated Transcriptional Biomarkers. HEALTH PHYSICS 2018; 115:90-101. [PMID: 29787434 PMCID: PMC5967635 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000000844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
For triage purposes following a nuclear accident, blood-based gene expression biomarkers can provide rapid dose estimates for a large number of individuals. Ionizing-radiation-responsive genes are regulated through the DNA damage-response pathway, which includes activation of multiple transcription factors. Modulators of this pathway could potentially affect the response of these biomarkers and consequently compromise accurate dose estimation calculations. In the present study, four potential confounding factors were selected: cancer condition, sex, simulated bacterial infection (lipopolysaccharide), and curcumin, an anti-inflammatory/antioxidant agent. Their potential influence on the transcriptional response to radiation of the genes CCNG1 and PHPT1, two biomarkers of radiation exposure ex vivo, was assessed. First, both CCNG1 and PHPT1 were detected in vivo in blood samples from radiotherapy patients and as such were validated as biomarkers of exposure. Importantly, their basal expression level was slightly but significantly affected in vivo by patients' cancer condition. Moreover, lipopolysaccharide stimulation of blood irradiated ex vivo led to a significant modification of CCNG1 and PHPT1 transcriptional response in a dose- and time-dependent manner with opposite regulatory effects. Curcumin also affected CCNG1 and PHPT1 transcriptional response counteracting some of the radiation induction. No differences were observed based on sex. Dose estimations calculated using linear regression were affected by lipopolysaccharide and curcumin. In conclusion, several confounding factors tested in this study can indeed modulate the transcriptional response of CCNG1 and PHPT1 and consequently can affect radiation exposure dose estimations but not to a level which should prevent the biomarkers' use for triage purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
| | - Grainne O’Brien
- Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
| | - Ellen Donovan
- Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7TE, UK
| | - Lone Gothard
- Institute for Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Sue Boyle
- Institute for Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Antoine Laval
- CEA, DRF, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France. CNRS, LCBM, UMR 5249, F-38000 Grenoble, France.Univ. Grenoble Alpes, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Testard
- CEA, DRF, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France. CNRS, LCBM, UMR 5249, F-38000 Grenoble, France.Univ. Grenoble Alpes, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Lucyna Ponge
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute – Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Woźniak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute – Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Leszek Miszczyk
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute – Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Serge M. Candéias
- CEA, DRF, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France. CNRS, LCBM, UMR 5249, F-38000 Grenoble, France.Univ. Grenoble Alpes, BIG-LCBM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Elizabeth Ainsbury
- Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
| | - Piotr Widlak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute – Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Navita Somaiah
- Institute for Cancer Research/Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Christophe Badie
- Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical & Environmental Hazards Public Health England Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 ORQ United Kingdom
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10
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Cellular and behavioral effects of lipopolysaccharide treatment are dependent upon neurokinin-1 receptor activation. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:60. [PMID: 29486768 PMCID: PMC6389133 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several psychiatric conditions are affected by neuroinflammation and neuroimmune activation. The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFkB) plays a major role in inflammation and innate immunity. The neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) is the primary endogenous target of the neuroactive peptide substance P, and some data suggests that NK1R stimulation may influence NFkB activity. Both NK1R and NFkB have been shown to play a functional role in complex behaviors including stress responsivity, depression, and addiction. In this study, we test whether NFkB activity in the brain (stimulated by lipopolysaccharide administration) is dependent upon the NK1R. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were treated systemically with the NK1R antagonist L822429 followed by administration of systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS, a strong activator of NFkB). Hippocampal extracts were used to assess expression of proinflammatory cytokines and NFkB-DNA-binding potential. For behavioral studies, rats were trained to consume 1% (w/v) sucrose solution in a continuous access two-bottle choice model. After establishment of baseline, animals were treated with L822429 and LPS and sucrose preference was measured 12 h post-treatment. Results Systemic LPS treatment causes a significant increase in proinflammatory cytokine expression and NFkB-DNA-binding activity within the hippocampus. These increases are attenuated by systemic pretreatment with the NK1R antagonist L822429. Systemic LPS treatment also led to the development of anhedonic-like behavior, evidenced by decreased sucrose intake in the sucrose preference test. This behavior was significantly attenuated by systemic pretreatment with the NK1R antagonist L822429. Conclusions Systemic LPS treatment induced significant increases in NFkB activity, evidenced by increased NFkB-DNA binding and by increased proinflammatory cytokine expression in the hippocampus. LPS also induced anhedonic-like behavior. Both the molecular and behavioral effects of LPS treatment were significantly attenuated by systemic NK1R antagonism, suggesting that NK1R stimulation lies upstream of NFkB activation following systemic LPS administration and is at least in part responsible for NFkB activation.
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11
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P53 modulates hepatic insulin sensitivity through NF-κB and p38/ERK MAPK pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:2139-2144. [PMID: 29258820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Besides its well-established oncosuppressor activity, the role of p53 in regulating metabolic pathways has been recently identified. Nevertheless, the function of p53 with respect to insulin resistance appears highly controversial. To address this issue, we investigated the expression of p53 in experimental model of insulin resistance. Then we used activator (nutlin-3α) and inhibitor (pifithrin-α, PFT-α) of p53 in HepG2 cell. Here we showed that p53 protein level was decreased in the hepatic tissue of high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance mice, genetically diabetic ob/ob mice and palmitate (PA) treated HepG2 cells. And high expression of phosphor-p38, ERK1/2 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 accompanied with low expression of p53. But activation of p53 with nutlin-3α prevented PA-induced reduction of glucose consumption and suppression of insulin signaling pathways. At the same time, nutlin-3α downregulated the activation of NF-κB, p38 and ERK1/2 pathways upon stimulation with PA. In contrast, inhibition of p53 with PFT-α decreased glucose consumption and suppressed insulin signaling pathway. Furthermore, PFT-α activated NF-κB, p38 and ERK1/2 pathways in HepG2 cells. Overall, these results suggest that p53 is involved in improving insulin sensitivity of hepatic cells via inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and NF-κB pathways.
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12
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Liu L, Zhang P, Guo H, Tang X, Liu L, Li J, Guo R, Cai Y, Liu Y, Li Y. Co‑expression of murine double minute 2 siRNA and wild‑type p53 induces G1 cell cycle arrest in H1299 cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9137-9142. [PMID: 29039579 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic options available for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer have increased over the past decade. Small molecule gene therapy has emerged as an effective therapy for the treatment of lung cancer in vitro and in vivo although it has not been tested in a clinical setting. In particular, therapies that target the negative feedback loop between p53 and murine double minute 2 (MDM2) provide a favorable outcome by maintaining activation of the tumor suppressor gene p53. The present study used transfection to simultaneously knockdown MDM2 expression using small interfering (si)RNA, and overexpress wild‑type p53 in H1299 cells. The effects of transfection on cell proliferation and cell cycle progression were determined using an MTT assay and flow cytometry, and the effects on mRNA and protein expression were determined by western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results indicated that simultaneously knocking down MDM2 and overexpressing p53 was able to inhibit proliferation and induce G1 cell cycle arrest in H1299 cells, compared with either alone. These findings indicated that the si‑MDM2‑p53 co‑expression plasmid may induce cell cycle arrest, and may be considered a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Lianqin Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jiuling Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Cai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Prostate Diseases Prevention and Treatment Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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13
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Luo SW, Wang WN, Xie RC, Xie FX, Kong JR, Xiao YC, Huang D, Sun ZM, Liu Y, Wang C. Molecular cloning and characterization of PTEN in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:686-700. [PMID: 27725262 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PTEN is a key tumor suppressor gene that can play a regulatory role in the cellular proliferation, survival and apoptosis. In this study, the full-length PTEN (EcPTEN) was obtained, containing a 5'UTR of 745 bp, an ORF of 1269 bp and a 3'UTR of 106 bp. The EcPTEN gene encoded a polypeptide of 422 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 49.14 KDa and a predicted isoelectric point (pI) of 6.34. The deduced amino acid sequence analysis showed that EcPTEN comprised the conserved residues and the characteristic domains known to the critical functionality of PTEN. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that EcPTEN mRNA was broadly expressed in all the examined tissues, while the highest expression level was observed in liver, followed by the expression in blood, kidney, spleen, heart, gill, muscle and intestine. The groupers challenged with Vibrio alginolyticus showed a sharp increase of EcPTEN mRNA expression in immune tissues. In addition, western blotting analysis confirmed that the up-regulation of EcPTEN protein expression was steadily induced in liver. Subcellular localization analysis indicated that EcPTEN was localized in both nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of EcPTEN can activate the apoptotic cascade and abrogate NF-kB, AP-1, Stat3 and Myc promoter activity in Hela cells. These results indicated that EcPTEN harboring highly-conserved domains with a close sequence similarity to those of PTP superfamily may disrupt the mammalian signalings and play a regulatory role in the apoptotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
| | - Ren-Chong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Fu-Xing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jing-Rong Kong
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Yu-Chao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Di Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Zuo-Ming Sun
- Division of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, Dominican Republic
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Cong Wang
- Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, PR China
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14
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Luo SW, Wang WN, Sun ZM, Xie FX, Kong JR, Liu Y, Cheng CH. Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of (B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein) Bax in the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) after the Vibrio alginolyticus challenge. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 60:66-79. [PMID: 26905633 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bax is a pro-apoptotic member of Bcl-2 like superfamily, playing an important role in regulating the apoptosis. In this study, the full-length Bax (EcBax) was obtained, containing a 5'UTR of 64 bp, an ORF of 579 bp and a 3'UTR of 1021 bp. The EcBax gene encoded a polypeptide of 192 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 21.55 KDa and a predicted isoelectric point (pI) of 6.75. The deduced amino acid sequence analysis showed that EcBax comprised the conserved residues and the characteristic domains known to the critical function of Bax. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that EcBax mRNA was broadly expressed in all of the examined tissues, while the highest expression level was observed in blood, followed by the expression in liver, gill, spleen, kidney, heart, muscle and intestine. A sharp increase of EcBax expression was observed in the vibrio challenge group by comparing with those in the control. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that EcBax was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. EcBax exerted a regulatory role in modulating the mitochondrial membrane potential, promoting the cytochrome c release, and then activating the downstream caspase signaling. Moreover, the overexpression of EcBax can decrease the cell viability and antagonize NF-kB, AP-1, Stat3 promoter activity in Hela cells. These results indicate that EcBax containing the conserved domain of pro-apoptotic member of Bcl-2 family may disrupt the mammalian signaling and play a regulative role in the apoptotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wei Luo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
| | - Zuo-Ming Sun
- Division of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Fu-Xing Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jing-Rong Kong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Chang-Hong Cheng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
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