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Vega-Cárdenas M, Vargas-Morales JM, Portales-Pérez DP, Gómez-Ojeda A, Luevano-Contreras C, Aradillas-García C. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) in childhood obesity: association with gene expression of RAGE and cardiometabolic markers. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:960-966. [PMID: 37732356 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) interact with the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). Full-length RAGE is associated with intracellular signal transduction, and soluble-RAGE (sRAGE) lacks the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, acting as a competitive inhibitor of AGEs-RAGE binding. sRAGE levels in healthy children are associated with cell surface expression of RAGE. However, the expression of RAGE has not been explored in childhood obesity. Objective: the study aim was to evaluate the sRAGE levels and the gene expression of RAGE in children and its association with cardiometabolic markers. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study with 6-11-year children, 20 with overweight and 20 with obesity. Anthropometric measurements included waist circumference (cm) (WC), neck circumference (NC), weight (kg), fat mass (%), trunk fat (kg), muscular mass (kg), height (cm), and body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2). Blood samples following an overnight fast were collected to measure glucose (mg/dl) and lipid profile with colorimetric methods. sRAGE was determined in serum using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative reverse transcription (RT-qPCR) was performed to analyze RAGE transcripts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated by Ficoll®-Hypaque. Results: we found higher RAGE (p = 0.0315) and lower sRAGE (p = 0.0305) levels in the obesity group. sRAGE level showed a negative correlation with RAGE (r = -0.35) and BMI (r = -0.24), and positive with HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.29). Regression analysis suggests that HDL-C and RAGE levels are predictors of sRAGE levels. Conclusions: expression of RAGE is associated with lower sRAGE levels in childhood obesity. Moreover, obese children show higher cardiometabolic risk markers, and a positively associated with sRAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Vega-Cárdenas
- Centre for Applied Research in Environment and Health (CIACYT). Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
| | | | | | | | | | - Celia Aradillas-García
- Faculty of Medicine. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. Centre for Applied Research in Environment and Health (CIACYT). Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
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2
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Kiran S, Mandal M, Rakib A, Bajwa A, Singh UP. miR-10a-3p modulates adiposity and suppresses adipose inflammation through TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1213415. [PMID: 37334370 PMCID: PMC10272755 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1213415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a multifactorial disease characterized by an enhanced amount of fat and energy storage in adipose tissue (AT). Obesity appears to promote and maintain low-grade chronic inflammation by activating a subset of inflammatory T cells, macrophages, and other immune cells that infiltrate the AT. Maintenance of AT inflammation during obesity involves regulation by microRNAs (miRs), which also regulate the expression of genes implicated in adipocyte differentiation. This study aims to use ex vivo and in vitro approaches to evaluate the role and mechanism of miR-10a-3p in adipose inflammation and adipogenesis. Methods Wild-type BL/6 mice were placed on normal (ND) and high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and their obesity phenotype, inflammatory genes, and miRs expression were examined in the AT. We also used differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes for mechanistic in vitro studies. Results Microarray analysis allowed us to identify an altered set of miRs in the AT immune cells and Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) prediction demonstrated that miR-10a-3p expression was downregulated in AT immune cells in the HFD group as compared to ND. A molecular mimic of miR-10a-3p reduced expression of inflammatory M1 macrophages, cytokines, and chemokines, including transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), and interleukin 17F (IL-17F) and induced expression of forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) in the immune cells isolated from AT of HFD-fed mice as compared to ND. In differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, the miR-10a-3p mimics also reduced expression of proinflammatory genes and lipid accumulation, which plays a role in the dysregulation of AT function. In these cells, overexpression of miR-10a-3p reduced the expression of TGF-β1, Smad3, CHOP-10, and fatty acid synthase (FASN), relative to the control scramble miRs. Conclusion Our findings suggest that miR-10a-3p mimic mediates the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling to improve metabolic markers and adipose inflammation. This study provides a new opportunity for the development of miR-10a-3p as a novel therapeutic for adipose inflammation, and its associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Kiran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Mousumi Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ahmed Rakib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Udai P. Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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3
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Dantas-Komatsu RCS, Cruz MS, Freire PP, Diniz RVZ, Bortolin RH, Cabral-Marques O, Souza KBDS, Hirata MH, Hirata RDC, Reis BZ, Jurisica I, Silbiger VN, Luchessi AD. The let-7b-5p, miR-326, and miR-125a-3p are associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction in post-myocardial infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1151855. [PMID: 37252118 PMCID: PMC10218134 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1151855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) can lead to adverse cardiac remodeling, resulting in left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSd) and heart failure. Epigenetic regulators, such as microRNAs, may be involved in the physiopathology of LVSd. Objective This study explored microRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of post-myocardial infarction patients with LVSd. Methods Post-STEMI patients were grouped as having (LVSd, n = 9) or not LVSd (non-LVSd, n = 16). The expression of 61 microRNAs was analyzed in PBMC by RT-qPCR and the differentially expressed microRNAs were identified. Principal Component Analysis stratified the microRNAs based on the development of dysfunction. Predictive variables of LVSd were investigated through logistic regression analysis. A system biology approach was used to explore the regulatory molecular network of the disease and an enrichment analysis was performed. Results The let-7b-5p (AUC: 0.807; 95% CI: 0.63-0.98; p = 0.013), miR-125a-3p (AUC: 0.800; 95% CI: 0.61-0.99; p = 0.036) and miR-326 (AUC: 0.783; 95% CI: 0.54-1.00; p = 0.028) were upregulated in LVSd (p < 0.05) and discriminated LVSd from non-LVSd. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed let-7b-5p (OR: 16.00; 95% CI: 1.54-166.05; p = 0.020) and miR-326 (OR: 28.00; 95% CI: 2.42-323.70; p = 0.008) as predictors of LVSd. The enrichment analysis revealed association of the targets of these three microRNAs with immunological response, cell-cell adhesion, and cardiac changes. Conclusion LVSd alters the expression of let-7b-5p, miR-326, and miR-125a-3p in PBMC from post-STEMI, indicating their potential involvement in the cardiac dysfunction physiopathology and highlighting these miRNAs as possible LVSd biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Sampaio Cruz
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Paula Paccielli Freire
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosiane Viana Zuza Diniz
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Raul Hernandes Bortolin
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Otávio Cabral-Marques
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Departmentof Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
- Interunit Postgraduate Program on Bioinformatics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosario Dominguez Crespo Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Zavarize Reis
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute and Data Science Discovery Centre for Chronic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Computer Science, and Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vivian Nogueira Silbiger
- Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andre Ducati Luchessi
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, ON, Canada
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Yan YN, Zhang J, Yang N, Chen C, Li W. T Cell Subsets and the Expression of Related MicroRNAs in Patients with Recurrent Early Pregnancy Loss. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:8215567. [PMID: 37035756 PMCID: PMC10076117 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8215567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the role of T cell subsets and the expression of related microRNAs in patients with recurrent early pregnancy loss (EPL). Fifty patients with EPL loss between May 2018 and May 2021 were randomly selected as the EPL group, and 50 pregnant women with normal pregnancies or normal delivery outcomes were randomly selected as the control group. The expression levels of T cell subset-related markers and T cell subset-related miRNAs, in addition to the frequencies of T cell subsets, in peripheral blood of the two groups were analyzed. In terms of T cell-related markers, the results showed that the expression levels of the transcriptional regulator TBX-21 (T-bet) and interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) were significantly upregulated in peripheral blood of the patients in the EPL group (
), whereas the expression levels of GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) and glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) were significantly downregulated (
). In the EPL group, the expression of mir-106b, mir-93, and mir-25 was upregulated (
,
, and
, respectively) in regulatory T (Treg) cell-related T cell subsets, whereas the expression of miR-146a and miR-155 was downregulated (
). The frequencies of Treg and exhausted T cells in the EPL group were significantly lower than those in the control group (
). The cell frequencies of T helper 17 (Th17) cells and exhausted Treg cells in the EPL group were significantly higher than those in the control group (
). In conclusion, immune cells and associated miRNA profiles can be used as prognostic biomarkers for the treatment of human reproductive disorders, such as EPL.
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Rakib A, Kiran S, Mandal M, Singh UP. MicroRNAs: a crossroad that connects obesity to immunity and aging. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:64. [PMID: 36517853 PMCID: PMC9749272 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00320-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by an elevated amount of fat and energy storage in the adipose tissue (AT) and is believed to be the root cause of many metabolic diseases (MDs). Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation in AT. Like obesity, chronic inflammation and MDs are prevalent in the elderly. The resident immune microenvironment is not only responsible for maintaining AT homeostasis but also plays a crucial role in stemming obesity and related MDs. Mounting evidence suggests that obesity promotes activation in resident T cells and macrophages. Additionally, inflammatory subsets of T cells and macrophages accumulated into the AT in combination with other immune cells maintain low-grade chronic inflammation. microRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs and a crucial contributing factor in maintaining immune response and obesity in AT. AT resident T cells, macrophages and adipocytes secrete various miRs and communicate with other cells to create a potential effect in metabolic organ crosstalk. AT resident macrophages and T cells-associated miRs have a prominent role in regulating obesity by targeting several signaling pathways. Further, miRs also emerged as important regulators of cellular senescence and aging. To this end, a clear link between miRs and longevity has been demonstrated that implicates their role in regulating lifespan and the aging process. Hence, AT and circulating miRs can be used as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for obesity and related disorders. In this review, we discuss how miRs function as biomarkers and impact obesity, chronic inflammation, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Rakib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Sonia Kiran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Mousumi Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Udai P Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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6
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Ding Q, Gao Z, Chen K, Zhang Q, Hu S, Zhao L. Inflammation-Related Epigenetic Modification: The Bridge Between Immune and Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:883410. [PMID: 35603204 PMCID: PMC9120428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
T2DM, as a typical metabolic inflammatory disease, is under the joint regulation of environmental factors and genetics, combining with a variety of epigenetic changes. Apart from epigenetic changes of islet β cells and glycometabolic tissues or organs, the inflammation-related epigenetics is also the core pathomechanism leading to β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. In this review, we focus on the epigenetic modification of immune cells’ proliferation, recruitment, differentiation and function, providing an overview of the key genes which regulated by DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA in the respect of T2DM. Meanwhile, we further summarize the present situation of T2DM epigenetic research and elucidate its prospect in T2DM clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyou Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zezheng Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiwan Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’ anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Linhua Zhao,
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Artemniak-Wojtowicz D, Kucharska AM, Stelmaszczyk-Emmel A, Majcher A, Pyrżak B. Changes of Peripheral Th17 Cells Subset in Overweight and Obese Children After Body Weight Reduction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:917402. [PMID: 35873001 PMCID: PMC9299423 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.917402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been a growing problem in young patients leading to serious metabolic complications. There are many studies supporting the idea, that obesity should be considered as a chronic inflammation closely associated with immune system alterations. Th17 subpopulation is strongly involved in this process. The aim of our study was to evaluate circulating Th17 cells in overweight and obese children and explore the relationships between Th17 subset and metabolic parameters. METHODS We evaluated peripheral Th17 cells in fresh peripheral blood samples from 27 overweight and obese and 15 normal-weight children. Th17 cells were identified by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibody and intracellular IL-17A staining. Th17 cells were defined as CD3+CD4+CD196+IL-17Aic+. The analysis involved anthropometric and metabolic parameters measured at baseline and three months after the change of lifestyle and diet. We evaluated the relationship between metabolic parameters and Th17 cells. RESULTS In overweight and obese children we found significantly higher Th17 cells percentage compared to normal weight controls (median 0.097% (0.044 - 0.289) vs 0.041% (0.023 - 0.099), p = 0.048). The percentage of Th17 cells decreased statistically significantly in children who reduced weight after the intervention (0.210% (0.143 - 0.315) vs 0.039% (0.028 - 0.106), p = 0.004). In this group we also noticed statistically significant reduction of TC and LDL-C concentration (p = 0.01, p = 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Obesity in children is associated with increased percentage of peripheral Th17 cells. Weight reduction leads to significant decrease of circulating Th17 cells and improvement of lipid parameters. This significant reduction of proinflammatory Th17 cells is a promising finding suggesting that obesity-induced inflammation in children could be relatively easily reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Artemniak-Wojtowicz
- Department of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Dorota Artemniak-Wojtowicz, ; Anna M. Kucharska,
| | - Anna M. Kucharska
- Department of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Dorota Artemniak-Wojtowicz, ; Anna M. Kucharska,
| | - Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Majcher
- Department of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Pyrżak
- Department of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Liu L, Hu J, Wang Y, Lei H, Xu D. The role and research progress of the balance and interaction between regulatory T cells and other immune cells in obesity with insulin resistance. Adipocyte 2021; 10:66-79. [PMID: 33472506 PMCID: PMC7834085 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.1876375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic homoeostasis in adipose tissue plays a major role in obesity-related insulin resistance (IR). Regulatory T (Treg) cells have been recorded to regulate metabolic homoeostasis in adipose tissue. However, their specific mechanism is not yet known. This review aims to present the role of Treg cells and other immune cells in obesity-associated IR, focusing on the balance of numbers and functions of Treg cells and other immune cells as well as the crucial role of their interactions in maintaining adipose tissue homoeostasis. Th1 cells, Th17 cells, CD8+ T cells, and pro-inflammatory macrophages mediate the occurrence of obesity and IR by antagonizing Treg cells, while anti-inflammatory dendritic cells, eosinophils and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) regulate the metabolic homoeostasis of adipose tissue by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of Treg cells. γ δ T cells and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells have complex effects on Treg cells, and their roles in obesity-associated IR are controversial. The balance of Treg cells and other immune cells can help maintain the metabolic homoeostasis of adipose tissue. Further research needs to explore more specific molecular mechanisms, thus providing more precise directions for the treatment of obesity with IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiling Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiahui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yating Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Lei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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9
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de Araújo Esteves Duarte I, Milenkovic D, Borges TK, de Lacerda de Oliveira L, Costa AM. Brazilian passion fruit as a new healthy food: from its composition to health properties and mechanisms of action. Food Funct 2021; 12:11106-11120. [PMID: 34651638 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01976g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Brazilian biodiversity is one of the largest in the world, with about 41 000 species cataloged within two global biodiversity hotspots: Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, the Brazilian savannah. Passiflora, known also as passion flowers, is a genus of which 96% of its species are distributed in the Americas, mainly Brazil and Colombia. Passion fruit extracts have a commercial value on a global scale through the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, self-care, and food and beverage industries. Passiflora are widely studied due to their potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, antidepressant and vascular and neuronal protective effects, probably owing to their content of polyphenols. Passiflora setacea DC is a species of wild passion fruit from the Brazilian Cerrado, rich in flavonoid C-glycosides, homoorientin, vitexin, isovitexin and orientin. Intake of these plant food bioactives has been associated with protection against chronic non-communicable diseases (CNDCs), including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aimed to discuss the varieties of Passiflora, their content in plant food bioactives and their potential molecular mechanisms of action in preventing or reversing CNDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella de Araújo Esteves Duarte
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasília DF 70.910-900, Brazil.
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Tatiana Karla Borges
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília DF 70.910-900, Brazil
| | - Livia de Lacerda de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasília DF 70.910-900, Brazil.
| | - Ana Maria Costa
- Laboratory of Food Science, Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina DF 73.310-970, Brazil
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10
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Tang P, Virtue S, Goie JYG, Png CW, Guo J, Li Y, Jiao H, Chua YL, Campbell M, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Shabbir A, Fernández-Real JM, Gasser S, Kemeny DM, Yang H, Vidal-Puig A, Zhang Y. Regulation of adipogenic differentiation and adipose tissue inflammation by interferon regulatory factor 3. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:3022-3035. [PMID: 34091599 PMCID: PMC8563729 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00798-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of adipocytes and adipose tissue is a primary defect in obesity and obesity-associated metabolic diseases. Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) has been implicated in adipogenesis. However, the role of IRF3 in obesity and obesity-associated disorders remains unclear. Here, we show that IRF3 expression in human adipose tissues is positively associated with insulin sensitivity and negatively associated with type 2 diabetes. In mouse pre-adipocytes, deficiency of IRF3 results in increased expression of PPARγ and PPARγ-mediated adipogenic genes, leading to increased adipogenesis and altered adipocyte functionality. The IRF3 knockout (KO) mice develop obesity, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and eventually type 2 diabetes with aging, which is associated with the development of white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation. Increased macrophage accumulation with M1 phenotype which is due to the loss of IFNβ-mediated IL-10 expression is observed in WAT of the KO mice compared to that in wild-type mice. Bone-marrow reconstitution experiments demonstrate that the nonhematopoietic cells are the primary contributors to the development of obesity and both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells contribute to the development of obesity-related complications in IRF3 KO mice. This study demonstrates that IRF3 regulates the biology of multiple cell types including adipocytes and macrophages to prevent the development of obesity and obesity-related complications and hence, could be a potential target for therapeutic interventions for the prevention and treatment of obesity-associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sam Virtue
- Institute of Metabolic Science, Wellcome Trust-MRC MDU Metabolic Disease Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jian Yi Gerald Goie
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chin Wen Png
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Guo
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Li
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huipeng Jiao
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yen Leong Chua
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Campbell
- Institute of Metabolic Science, Wellcome Trust-MRC MDU Metabolic Disease Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - José Maria Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Girona (IDIBGI), CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Girona, Spain
| | - Asim Shabbir
- Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - José-Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Girona (IDIBGI), CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Girona, Spain
| | - Stephan Gasser
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Michael Kemeny
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Institute of Metabolic Science, Wellcome Trust-MRC MDU Metabolic Disease Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and NUSMED Immunology Translational Research Programme,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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11
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Adipose Tissue Immunomodulation and Treg/Th17 Imbalance in the Impaired Glucose Metabolism of Children with Obesity. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8070554. [PMID: 34199040 PMCID: PMC8305706 DOI: 10.3390/children8070554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, obesity has increased dramatically in pediatric patients. Obesity is a chronic disease correlated with systemic inflammation, characterized by the presence of CD4 and CD8 T cell infiltration and modified immune response, which contributes to the development of obesity related diseases and metabolic disorders, including impaired glucose metabolism. In particular, Treg and Th17 cells are dynamically balanced under healthy conditions, but imbalance occurs in inflammatory and pathological states, such as obesity. Some studies demonstrated that peripheral Treg and Th17 cells exhibit increased imbalance with worsening of glucose metabolic dysfunction, already in children with obesity. In this review, we considered the role of adipose tissue immunomodulation and the potential role played by Treg/T17 imbalance on the impaired glucose metabolism in pediatric obesity. In the patient care, immune monitoring could play an important role to define preventive strategies of pediatric metabolic disease treatments.
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12
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Barakat B, Almeida MEF. Biochemical and immunological changes in obesity. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 708:108951. [PMID: 34102165 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a syndemia that promotes high expenditures for public health, and is defined by the excess of adipose tissue that is classified according to its function and anatomical distribution. In obese people, this tissue generates oxidative stress associated with a chronic inflammatory response, in which there is an imbalance in relation to the release of hormones and adipokines that cause loss of body homeostasis and predisposition to the development of some comorbidities. The purpose of this review is to summarize the main events that occur during the onset and progression of obesity with a special focus on biochemical and immunological changes. Hypertrophied and hyperplasia adipocytes have biomarkers and release adipokines capable of regulating pathways and expressing genes that culminate in the development of metabolic changes, such as changes in energy balance and intestinal microbiota, and the development of some comorbidities, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias, arterial hypertension, liver disease, cancer, allergies, osteoporosis, sarcopenia and obstructive sleep apnea. Thus, it is necessary to treat and/or prevent pathology, using traditional methods based on healthy eating, and regular physical and leisure activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Barakat
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Rio Paranaíba Campus, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Martha E F Almeida
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Rio Paranaíba Campus, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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13
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Adipocyte, Immune Cells, and miRNA Crosstalk: A Novel Regulator of Metabolic Dysfunction and Obesity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051004. [PMID: 33923175 PMCID: PMC8147115 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized as a complex and multifactorial excess accretion of adipose tissue (AT) accompanied with alterations in the immune response that affects virtually all age and socioeconomic groups around the globe. The abnormal accumulation of AT leads to several metabolic diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disorder (NAFLD), low-grade inflammation, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disorders (CVDs), and cancer. AT is an endocrine organ composed of adipocytes and immune cells, including B-Cells, T-cells and macrophages. These immune cells secrete various cytokines and chemokines and crosstalk with adipokines to maintain metabolic homeostasis and low-grade chronic inflammation. A novel form of adipokines, microRNA (miRs), is expressed in many developing peripheral tissues, including ATs, T-cells, and macrophages, and modulates the immune response. miRs are essential for insulin resistance, maintaining the tumor microenvironment, and obesity-associated inflammation (OAI). The abnormal regulation of AT, T-cells, and macrophage miRs may change the function of different organs including the pancreas, heart, liver, and skeletal muscle. Since obesity and inflammation are closely associated, the dysregulated expression of miRs in inflammatory adipocytes, T-cells, and macrophages suggest the importance of miRs in OAI. Therefore, in this review article, we have elaborated the role of miRs as epigenetic regulators affecting adipocyte differentiation, immune response, AT browning, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance (IR), glucose homeostasis, obesity, and metabolic disorders. Further, we will discuss a set of altered miRs as novel biomarkers for metabolic disease progression and therapeutic targets for obesity.
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14
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Ramos-Lopez O, Milagro FI, Riezu-Boj JI, Martinez JA. Epigenetic signatures underlying inflammation: an interplay of nutrition, physical activity, metabolic diseases, and environmental factors for personalized nutrition. Inflamm Res 2020; 70:29-49. [PMID: 33231704 PMCID: PMC7684853 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01425-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim and objective Emerging translational evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations (DNA methylation, miRNA expression, and histone modifications) occur after external stimuli and may contribute to exacerbated inflammation and the risk of suffering several diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the harmful effects of high-fat/high-sugar diets, micronutrient deficiencies (folate, manganese, and carotenoids), obesity and associated complications, bacterial/viral infections, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation, chronic stress, air pollution, and chemical exposure on inflammation through epigenetic mechanisms. Additionally, the epigenetic phenomena underlying the anti-inflammatory potential of caloric restriction, n-3 PUFA, Mediterranean diet, vitamin D, zinc, polyphenols (i.e., resveratrol, gallic acid, epicatechin, luteolin, curcumin), and the role of systematic exercise are discussed. Methods Original and review articles encompassing epigenetics and inflammation were screened from major databases (including PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Scopus, etc.) and analyzed for the writing of the review paper. Conclusion Although caution should be exercised, research on epigenetic mechanisms is contributing to understand pathological processes involving inflammatory responses, the prediction of disease risk based on the epigenotype, as well as the putative design of therapeutic interventions targeting the epigenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Medicine and Psychology School, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Fermin I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 1 Irunlarrea Street, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose I Riezu-Boj
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 1 Irunlarrea Street, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 1 Irunlarrea Street, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Madrid, Spain
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15
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Manoel Alves J, Handerson Gomes Teles R, do Valle Gomes Gatto C, Muñoz VR, Regina Cominetti M, Garcia de Oliveira Duarte AC. Mapping Research in the Obesity, Adipose Tissue, and MicroRNA Field: A Bibliometric Analysis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121581. [PMID: 31817583 PMCID: PMC6952878 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have investigated the control of adipose tissue expansion and inflammatory process by microRNAs (miRNAs). These two processes are of great interest because both are associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, despite the great relevance of the role of miRNAs in obesity and adipose tissue, no qualitative and quantitative analysis on the subject has been performed. Thus, we aimed to examine global research activity and current trends with respect to the interaction between obesity, adipose tissue and miRNAs through a bibliometric analysis. This research was performed on the Scopus database for publications containing miRNA, obesity, and adipose tissue keyword combinations. In total, 898 articles were analyzed and the most frequently occurring keywords were selected and clustered into three well-defined groups. As a result, first group of keywords pointed to the research area on miRNAs expressed in obesity-associated diseases. The second group demonstrated the regulation of the adipogenesis process by miRNAs, while the third group highlighted brown adipose tissue and thermogenesis as one of the latest global research trends related to the theme. The studies selected in this paper describe the expression and performance of different miRNAs in obesity and comorbidities. Most studies have focused on identifying miRNAs and signaling pathways associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Thus, the miRNA profile for these diseases may be used as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the prevention and treatment of obesity-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Manoel Alves
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-17-991636383
| | - Ramon Handerson Gomes Teles
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil; (R.H.G.T.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Camila do Valle Gomes Gatto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Vitor Rosetto Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, SP, Brazil;
| | - Márcia Regina Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil; (R.H.G.T.); (M.R.C.)
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