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Luo R, Gourriérec PL, Antigny F, Bedouet K, Domenichini S, Gomez AM, Benitah JP, Sabourin J. STIM2 variants regulate Orai1/TRPC1/TRPC4-mediated store-operated Ca 2+ entry and mitochondrial Ca 2+ homeostasis in cardiomyocytes. Cell Calcium 2024; 119:102871. [PMID: 38537434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The stromal interaction molecules (STIMs) are the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ sensors that trigger store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) in a variety of cell types. While STIM1 isoform has been the focus of the research in cardiac pathophysiology, the function of the homolog STIM2 remains unknown. Using Ca2+ imaging and patch-clamp techniques, we showed that knockdown (KD) of STIM2 by siRNAs increased SOCE and the ISOC current in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVMs). Within this cardiomyocyte model, we identified the transcript expression of Stim2.1 and Stim2.2 splice variants, with predominance for Stim2.2. Using conventional and super-resolution confocal microscopy (STED), we found that exogenous STIM2.1 and STIM2.2 formed pre-clusters with a reticular organization at rest. Following SR Ca2+ store depletion, some STIM2.1 and STIM2.2 clusters were translocated to SR-plasma membrane (PM) junctions and co-localized with Orai1. The overexpression strategy revealed that STIM2.1 suppressed Orai1-mediated SOCE and the ISOC current while STIM2.2 enhanced SOCE. STIM2.2-enhanced SOCE was also dependent on TRPC1 and TRPC4. Even if STIM2 KD or splice variants overexpression did not affect cytosolic Ca2+ cycling, we observed, using Rhod-2/AM Ca2+ imaging, that Orai1 inhibition or STIM2.1 overexpression abolished the mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) uptake, as opposed to STIM2 KD. We also found that STIM2 was present in the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs) by interacting with the inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), and mitofusin-2 (MNF2). Our results suggested that, in NRVMs, STIM2.1 constitutes the predominant functional variant that negatively regulates Orai1-generated SOCE. It participates in the control of mCa2+ uptake capacity possibly via the STIM2-IP3Rs-VDAC-MCU and MNF2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Luo
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Pauline Le Gourriérec
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Inserm, UMR-S 999 « Hypertension pulmonaire: Physiopathologie et Innovation Thérapeutique », Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Kaveen Bedouet
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Séverine Domenichini
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Ingénierie et Plateformes au Service de l'Innovation Thérapeutique-Plateforme MIPSIT, Orsay, France
| | - Ana-Maria Gomez
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Benitah
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Jessica Sabourin
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France.
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Mahtani T, Sheth H, Smith LK, Benedict L, Brecier A, Ghasemlou N, Treanor B. The ion channel TRPV5 regulates B-cell signaling and activation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1386719. [PMID: 38694510 PMCID: PMC11061418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1386719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction B-cell activation triggers the release of endoplasmic reticulum calcium stores through the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) pathway resulting in calcium influx by calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels on the plasma membrane. B-cell-specific murine knockouts of SOCE do not impact humoral immunity suggesting that alternative channels may be important. Methods We identified a member of the calcium-permeable transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel family, TRPV5, as a candidate channel expressed in B cells by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) screen. To further investigate the role of TRPV5 in B-cell responses, we generated a murine TRPV5 knockout (KO) by CRISPR-Cas9. Results We found TRPV5 polarized to B-cell receptor (BCR) clusters upon stimulation in a PI3K-RhoA-dependent manner. TRPV5 KO mice have normal B-cell development and mature B-cell numbers. Surprisingly, calcium influx upon BCR stimulation in primary TRPV5 KO B cells was not impaired; however, differential expression of other calcium-regulating proteins, such as ORAI1, may contribute to a compensatory mechanism for calcium signaling in these cells. We demonstrate that TRPV5 KO B cells have impaired spreading and contraction in response to membrane-bound antigen. Consistent with this, TRPV5 KO B cells have reduced BCR signaling measured through phospho-tyrosine residues. Lastly, we also found that TRPV5 is important for early T-dependent antigen specific responses post-immunization. Discussion Thus, our findings identify a role for TRPV5 in BCR signaling and B-cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Mahtani
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hena Sheth
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L. K. Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Leshawn Benedict
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aurelie Brecier
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Nader Ghasemlou
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Bebhinn Treanor
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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3
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Aspden JW, Murphy MA, Kashlan RD, Xiong Y, Poznansky MC, Sîrbulescu RF. Intruders or protectors - the multifaceted role of B cells in CNS disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 17:1329823. [PMID: 38269112 PMCID: PMC10806081 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1329823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
B lymphocytes are immune cells studied predominantly in the context of peripheral humoral immune responses against pathogens. Evidence has been accumulating in recent years on the diversity of immunomodulatory functions that B cells undertake, with particular relevance for pathologies of the central nervous system (CNS). This review summarizes current knowledge on B cell populations, localization, infiltration mechanisms, and function in the CNS and associated tissues. Acute and chronic neurodegenerative pathologies are examined in order to explore the complex, and sometimes conflicting, effects that B cells can have in each context, with implications for disease progression and treatment outcomes. Additional factors such as aging modulate the proportions and function of B cell subpopulations over time and are also discussed in the context of neuroinflammatory response and disease susceptibility. A better understanding of the multifactorial role of B cell populations in the CNS may ultimately lead to innovative therapeutic strategies for a variety of neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W. Aspden
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew A. Murphy
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rommi D. Kashlan
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yueyue Xiong
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark C. Poznansky
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ruxandra F. Sîrbulescu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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4
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Dominguez-Sola D. Sending positive signals and good (calcium) vibes. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231821. [PMID: 38051276 PMCID: PMC10697794 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this issue of JEM, Yada et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20222178) demonstrate that effective antibody affinity selection in germinal centers relies on the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) component of the B cell receptor (BCR) signaling network. Therefore, active BCR signaling is as relevant to positive selection as the function of BCRs as endocytic receptors, answering a question that had puzzled experts for a while. These findings transform our understanding of the mechanisms supporting adaptive immune responses (to vaccines, for example) and have important implications for interpreting the genomics and pathogenesis of germinal center-derived B cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Dominguez-Sola
- Departments of Oncological Sciences and Pathology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Center for Advanced Blood Cancer Therapies and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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5
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Yada Y, Matsumoto M, Inoue T, Baba A, Higuchi R, Kawai C, Yanagisawa M, Kitamura D, Ohga S, Kurosaki T, Baba Y. STIM-mediated calcium influx regulates maintenance and selection of germinal center B cells. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20222178. [PMID: 37902601 PMCID: PMC10615893 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20222178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Positive selection of high-affinity germinal center (GC) B cells is driven by antigen internalization through their B cell receptor (BCR) and presentation to follicular helper T cells. However, the requirements of BCR signaling in GC B cells remain poorly understood. Store-operated Ca2+ entry, mediated by stromal interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) and STIM2, is the main Ca2+ influx pathway triggered by BCR engagement. Here, we showed that STIM-deficient B cells have reduced B cell competitiveness compared with wild-type B cells during GC responses. B cell-specific deletion of STIM proteins decreased the number of high-affinity B cells in the late phase of GC formation. STIM deficiency did not affect GC B cell proliferation and antigen presentation but led to the enhancement of apoptosis due to the impaired upregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl2a1. STIM-mediated activation of NFAT was required for the expression of Bcl2a1 after BCR stimulation. These findings suggest that STIM-mediated survival signals after antigen capture regulate the optimal selection and maintenance of GC B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Yada
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masanori Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akemi Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Higuchi
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chie Kawai
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kitamura
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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6
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Yang F, Suo M, Weli H, Wong M, Junidi A, Cummings C, Johnson R, Mallory K, Liu AY, Greenberg ZJ, Schuettpelz LG, Miller MJ, Luke CJ, Randolph GJ, Zinselmeyer BH, Wardenburg JB, Clemens RA. Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin impairs early neutrophil localization via electrogenic disruption of store-operated calcium entry. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113394. [PMID: 37950870 PMCID: PMC10731421 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The pore-forming S. aureus α-toxin (Hla) contributes to virulence and disease pathogenesis. While high concentrations of toxin induce cell death, neutrophils exhibit relative resistance to lysis, suggesting that the action of Hla may not be solely conferred by lytic susceptibility. Using intravital microscopy, we observed that Hla disrupts neutrophil localization and clustering early in infection. Hla forms a narrow, ion-selective pore, suggesting that Hla may dysregulate calcium or other ions to impair neutrophil function. We found that sub-lytic Hla did not permit calcium influx but caused rapid membrane depolarization. Depolarization decreases the electrogenic driving force for calcium, and concordantly, Hla suppressed calcium signaling in vitro and in vivo and calcium-dependent leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production, a key mediator of neutrophil clustering. Thus, Hla disrupts the early patterning of the neutrophil response to infection, in part through direct impairment of neutrophil calcium signaling. This early mis-localization of neutrophils may contribute to establishment of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mingyi Suo
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Homayemem Weli
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mason Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alex Junidi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Celeste Cummings
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ryan Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kiara Mallory
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Annie Y Liu
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Zev J Greenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Laura G Schuettpelz
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mark J Miller
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cliff J Luke
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gwendalyn J Randolph
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bernd H Zinselmeyer
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Regina A Clemens
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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7
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Benson JC, Romito O, Abdelnaby AE, Xin P, Pathak T, Weir SE, Kirk V, Castaneda F, Yoast RE, Emrich SM, Tang PW, Yule DI, Hempel N, Potier-Cartereau M, Sneyd J, Trebak M. A multiple-oscillator mechanism underlies antigen-induced Ca 2+ oscillations in Jurkat T-cells. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105310. [PMID: 37778728 PMCID: PMC10641176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell receptor stimulation triggers cytosolic Ca2+ signaling by inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-mediated Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Ca2+ entry through Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels gated by ER-located stromal-interacting molecules (STIM1/2). Physiologically, cytosolic Ca2+ signaling manifests as regenerative Ca2+ oscillations, which are critical for nuclear factor of activated T-cells-mediated transcription. In most cells, Ca2+ oscillations are thought to originate from IP3 receptor-mediated Ca2+ release, with CRAC channels indirectly sustaining them through ER refilling. Here, experimental and computational evidence support a multiple-oscillator mechanism in Jurkat T-cells whereby both IP3 receptor and CRAC channel activities oscillate and directly fuel antigen-evoked Ca2+ oscillations, with the CRAC channel being the major contributor. KO of either STIM1 or STIM2 significantly reduces CRAC channel activity. As such, STIM1 and STIM2 synergize for optimal Ca2+ oscillations and activation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 and are essential for ER refilling. The loss of both STIM proteins abrogates CRAC channel activity, drastically reduces ER Ca2+ content, severely hampers cell proliferation and enhances cell death. These results clarify the mechanism and the contribution of STIM proteins to Ca2+ oscillations in T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cory Benson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Olivier Romito
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance Cancer, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Ahmed Emam Abdelnaby
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ping Xin
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Trayambak Pathak
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sierra E Weir
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vivien Kirk
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Ryan E Yoast
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott M Emrich
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Priscilla W Tang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marie Potier-Cartereau
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance Cancer, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - James Sneyd
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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8
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Bao J, Betzler AC, Hess J, Brunner C. Exploring the dual role of B cells in solid tumors: implications for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1233085. [PMID: 37868967 PMCID: PMC10586314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1233085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the tumor milieu of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), distinct B cell subpopulations are present, which exert either pro- or anti-tumor activities. Multiple factors, including hypoxia, cytokines, interactions with tumor cells, and other immune infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), alter the equilibrium between the dual roles of B cells leading to cancerogenesis. Certain B cell subsets in the tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibit immunosuppressive function. These cells are known as regulatory B (Breg) cells. Breg cells suppress immune responses by secreting a series of immunosuppressive cytokines, including IL-10, IL-35, TGF-β, granzyme B, and adenosine or dampen effector TILs by intercellular contacts. Multiple Breg phenotypes have been discovered in human and mouse cancer models. However, when compartmentalized within a tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS), B cells predominantly play anti-tumor effects. A mature TLS contains a CD20+ B cell zone with several important types of B cells, including germinal-center like B cells, antibody-secreting plasma cells, and memory B cells. They kill tumor cells via antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and phagocytosis, and local complement activation effects. TLSs are also privileged sites for local T and B cell coordination and activation. Nonetheless, in some cases, TLSs may serve as a niche for hidden tumor cells and indicate a bad prognosis. Thus, TIL-B cells exhibit bidirectional immune-modulatory activity and are responsive to a variety of immunotherapies. In this review, we discuss the functional distinctions between immunosuppressive Breg cells and immunogenic effector B cells that mature within TLSs with the focus on tumors of HNSCC patients. Additionally, we review contemporary immunotherapies that aim to target TIL-B cells. For the development of innovative therapeutic approaches to complement T-cell-based immunotherapy, a full understanding of either effector B cells or Breg cells is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantong Bao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Head & Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Annika C. Betzler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Head & Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jochen Hess
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Brunner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Head & Neck Cancer Center of the Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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9
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Zogorean R, Wirtz S. The yin and yang of B cells in a constant state of battle: intestinal inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260266. [PMID: 37849749 PMCID: PMC10577428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, defined by a clinical relapse-remitting course. Affecting people worldwide, the origin of IBD is still undefined, arising as a consequence of the interaction between genes, environment, and microbiota. Although the root cause is difficult to identify, data clearly indicate that dysbiosis and pathogenic microbial taxa are connected with the establishment and clinical course of IBD. The composition of the microbiota is shaped by plasma cell IgA secretion and binding, while cytokines such as IL10 or IFN-γ are important fine-tuners of the immune response in the gastrointestinal environment. B cells may also influence the course of inflammation by promoting either an anti-inflammatory or a pro-inflammatory milieu. Here, we discuss IgA-producing B regulatory cells as an anti-inflammatory factor in intestinal inflammation. Moreover, we specify the context of IgA and IgG as players that can potentially participate in mucosal inflammation. Finally, we discuss the role of B cells in mouse infection models where IL10, IgA, or IgG contribute to the outcome of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Zogorean
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
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10
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Zheng H, Cao P, Su Z, Xia L. Insights into the roles of IL-10-producing regulatory B cells in cardiovascular disorders: recent advances and future perspectives. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:315-324. [PMID: 37284816 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-10-producing regulatory B (B10) cells mediate the immunomodulatory functions of biosystems by secreting anti-inflammatory factors, thus playing vital roles in cardiovascular diseases such as viral myocarditis, myocardial infarction, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, several challenges hinder B10 cells from regulating the immunoreactivity of organisms in specific cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerotic disease. Regarding the regulatory mechanisms of B10 cells, the interplay between B10 cells and the cardiovascular and immune systems is complex and requires clarification. In this study, we summarize the roles of B10 cells in bacterial and aseptic heart injuries, address their regulatory functions in different stages of cardiovascular disorders, and discuss their challenges and opportunities in addressing cardiovascular diseases from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, No.301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Pei Cao
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, No.301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, No.301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
- Institute of Hematological Disease, Jiangsu University, No. 438 Jiefang Road, Zhenjiang 212001, China
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11
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O'Connor RS, May MJ, Freedman BD. Opening Orai's to see B-yond current paradigms. Cell Calcium 2023; 113:102758. [PMID: 37209447 PMCID: PMC10804139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roderick S O'Connor
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Michael J May
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Bruce D Freedman
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3800 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
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12
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Iwata S, Hajime Sumikawa M, Tanaka Y. B cell activation via immunometabolism in systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1155421. [PMID: 37256149 PMCID: PMC10225689 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1155421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease involving multiple organs in which B cells perform important functions such as antibody and cytokine production and antigen presentation. B cells are activated and differentiated by the primary B cell receptor, co-stimulatory molecule signals-such as CD40/CD40L-, the Toll-like receptors 7,9, and various cytokine signals. The importance of immunometabolism in the activation, differentiation, and exerting functions of B cells and other immune cells has been widely reported in recent years. However, the regulatory mechanism of immunometabolism in B cells and its involvement in SLE pathogenesis remain elusive. Similarly, the importance of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, glycolytic system, and oxidative phosphorylation has been demonstrated in the mechanisms of B cell immunometabolic activation, mainly in mouse studies. However, the activation of the mTOR pathway in B cells in patients with SLE, the induction of plasmablast differentiation through metabolic and transcription factor regulation by mTOR, and the involvement of this phenomenon in SLE pathogenesis are unclear. In our studies using activated B cells derived from healthy donors and from patients with SLE, we observed that methionine, an essential amino acid, is important for mTORC1 activation. Further, we observed that splenic tyrosine kinase and mTORC1 activation synergistically induce EZH2 expression and plasmablasts by suppressing BACH2 expression through epigenomic modification. Additionally, we identified another mechanism by which the glutaminolysis-induced enhancement of mitochondrial function promotes plasmablast differentiation in SLE. In this review, we focused on the SLE exacerbation mechanisms related to the activation of immune cells-especially B cells-and immunometabolism and reported the latest findings in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Iwata
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Maiko Hajime Sumikawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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13
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Cheng CK, Yung YL, Chan HY, Leung KT, Chan KYY, Leung AWK, Cheng FWT, Li CK, Wan TSK, Luo X, Pitts HA, Cheung JS, Chan NPH, Ng MHL. Deep genomic characterization highlights complexities and prognostic markers of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Commun Biol 2023; 6:356. [PMID: 37002311 PMCID: PMC10066286 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04732-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an uncommon but aggressive hematological malignancy. The poor outcome is attributed to inadequate prognostic classification and limited treatment options. A thorough understanding on the genetic basis of pediatric AML is important for the development of effective approaches to improve outcomes. Here, by comprehensively profiling fusion genes as well as mutations and copy number changes of 141 myeloid-related genes in 147 pediatric AML patients with subsequent variant functional characterization, we unveil complex mutational patterns of biological relevance and disease mechanisms including MYC deregulation. Also, our findings highlight TP53 alterations as strong adverse prognostic markers in pediatric AML and suggest the core spindle checkpoint kinase BUB1B as a selective dependency in this aggressive subgroup. Collectively, our present study provides detailed genomic characterization revealing not only complexities and mechanistic insights into pediatric AML but also significant risk stratification and therapeutic strategies to tackle the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Keung Cheng
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuk-Lin Yung
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi-Yun Chan
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam-Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kathy Y Y Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alex W K Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Frankie W T Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Kong Li
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas S K Wan
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Herbert-Augustus Pitts
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joyce S Cheung
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Natalie P H Chan
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Margaret H L Ng
- Blood Cancer Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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14
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Emrich SM, Yoast RE, Zhang X, Fike AJ, Wang YH, Bricker KN, Tao AY, Xin P, Walter V, Johnson MT, Pathak T, Straub AC, Feske S, Rahman ZSM, Trebak M. Orai3 and Orai1 mediate CRAC channel function and metabolic reprogramming in B cells. eLife 2023; 12:e84708. [PMID: 36803766 PMCID: PMC9998091 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential role of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) through Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels in T cells is well established. In contrast, the contribution of individual Orai isoforms to SOCE and their downstream signaling functions in B cells are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate changes in the expression of Orai isoforms in response to B cell activation. We show that both Orai3 and Orai1 mediate native CRAC channels in B cells. The combined loss of Orai1 and Orai3, but not Orai3 alone, impairs SOCE, proliferation and survival, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) activation, mitochondrial respiration, glycolysis, and the metabolic reprogramming of primary B cells in response to antigenic stimulation. Nevertheless, the combined deletion of Orai1 and Orai3 in B cells did not compromise humoral immunity to influenza A virus infection in mice, suggesting that other in vivo co-stimulatory signals can overcome the requirement of BCR-mediated CRAC channel function in B cells. Our results shed important new light on the physiological roles of Orai1 and Orai3 proteins in SOCE and the effector functions of B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Ryan E Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Adam J Fike
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Yin-Hu Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Kristen N Bricker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Anthony Y Tao
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ping Xin
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
| | - Vonn Walter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Martin T Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Trayambak Pathak
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
| | - Adam C Straub
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Ziaur SM Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghUnited States
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15
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Emrich SM, Yoast RE, Fike AJ, Bricker KN, Xin P, Zhang X, Rahman ZSM, Trebak M. The mitochondrial sodium/calcium exchanger NCLX (Slc8b1) in B lymphocytes. Cell Calcium 2022; 108:102667. [PMID: 36308855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Antigen receptor stimulation triggers cytosolic Ca2+ signals, which activate transcriptional and metabolic programs critical for immune function. B-cell receptor (BCR) engagement causes rapid cytosolic Ca2+ rise through the ubiquitous store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) pathway. Slc8b1, which encodes the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX), extrudes Ca2+ out of the mitochondria and maintains optimal SOCE activity. Inhibition of NCLX in DT40 and A20 B lymphocyte lines was recently shown to impair cytosolic Ca2+ transients in response to antigen-receptor stimulation, however the downstream functional consequences of this impairment remain unclear. Here, we generated Slc8b1 knockout A20 B-cell lines using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and B-cell specific Slc8b1 knockout mice. Surprisingly, while loss of Slc8b1 in B lymphocytes led to reduction in SOCE, it had a marginal effect on mitochondrial Ca2+ extrusion, suggesting that NCLX is not the major mitochondrial Ca2+ extrusion mechanism in B cells. Furthermore, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ content and rates of ER depletion and refilling remained unaltered in Slc8b1 knockout B cells. Slc8b1 deficiency increased mitochondrial production of oxidants, reduced mitochondrial bioenergetics and altered mitochondrial ultrastructure. B-cell specific Slc8b1 knockout mice showed reduced germinal center B cell responses following foreign antigen and pathogen driven immune responses. Our studies provide novel insights into the function of Slc8b1 in germinal center B cells and its contribution to B-cell signaling and effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Ryan E Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Adam J Fike
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Kristen N Bricker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Ping Xin
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Ziaur S M Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA.
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16
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Lomakin YA, Ovchinnikova LA, Zakharova MN, Ivanova MV, Simaniv TO, Kabilov MR, Bykova NA, Mukhina VS, Kaminskaya AN, Tupikin AE, Zakharova MY, Favorov AV, Illarioshkin SN, Belogurov AA, Gabibov AG. Multiple Sclerosis Is Associated with Immunoglobulin Germline Gene Variation of Transitional B Cells. Acta Naturae 2022; 14:84-93. [PMID: 36694905 PMCID: PMC9844083 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulatory functions of the B-cell compartment play an important role in the development and suppression of the immune response. Disruption of their anti-inflammatory functions may lead to the acceleration of immunopathological processes, and to autoimmune diseases, in particular. Unfortunately, the exact mechanism underlying the functioning and development of regulatory B cells (Breg) has not yet been fully elucidated. Almost nothing is known about their specificity and the structure of their B-cell receptors (BCRs). In this research, we analyzed the BCR repertoire of the transitional Breg (tBreg) subpopulation with the CD19+CD24highCD38high phenotype in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), using next-generation sequencing (NGS). We show, for the first time, that the immunoglobulin germline distribution in the tBreg subpopulation is different between MS patients and healthy donors. The registered variation was more significant in patients with a more severe form of the disease, highly active MS (HAMS), compared to those with benign MS (BMS). Our data suggest that during MS development, deviations in the immunoglobulin Breg repertoire occur already at the early stage of B-cell maturation, namely at the stage of tBregs: between immature B cells in the bone marrow and mature peripheral B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. A. Lomakin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - L. A. Ovchinnikova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | | | | | | | - M. R. Kabilov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - N. A. Bykova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - V. S. Mukhina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, 119991 Russia
- Institute for information transmission problems RAS, Moscow, 127051 Russia
| | - A. N. Kaminskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - A. E. Tupikin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
| | - M. Y. Zakharova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - A. V. Favorov
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | | | - A. A. Belogurov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, 117997 Russia
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, 127473 Russia
| | - A. G. Gabibov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, 117997 Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia
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17
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Rastogi I, Jeon D, Moseman JE, Muralidhar A, Potluri HK, McNeel DG. Role of B cells as antigen presenting cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:954936. [PMID: 36159874 PMCID: PMC9493130 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells have been long studied for their role and function in the humoral immune system. Apart from generating antibodies and an antibody-mediated memory response against pathogens, B cells are also capable of generating cell-mediated immunity. It has been demonstrated by several groups that B cells can activate antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells, and can have regulatory and cytotoxic effects. The function of B cells as professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) to activate T cells has been largely understudied. This, however, requires attention as several recent reports have demonstrated the importance of B cells within the tumor microenvironment, and B cells are increasingly being evaluated as cellular therapies. Antigen presentation through B cells can be through antigen-specific (B cell receptor (BCR) dependent) or antigen non-specific (BCR independent) mechanisms and can be modulated by a variety of intrinsic and external factors. This review will discuss the pathways and mechanisms by which B cells present antigens, and how B cells differ from other professional APCs.
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18
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Lomakin YA, Zvyagin IV, Ovchinnikova LA, Kabilov MR, Staroverov DB, Mikelov A, Tupikin AE, Zakharova MY, Bykova NA, Mukhina VS, Favorov AV, Ivanova M, Simaniv T, Rubtsov YP, Chudakov DM, Zakharova MN, Illarioshkin SN, Belogurov AA, Gabibov AG. Deconvolution of B cell receptor repertoire in multiple sclerosis patients revealed a delay in tBreg maturation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:803229. [PMID: 36052064 PMCID: PMC9425031 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.803229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundB lymphocytes play a pivotal regulatory role in the development of the immune response. It was previously shown that deficiency in B regulatory cells (Bregs) or a decrease in their anti-inflammatory activity can lead to immunological dysfunctions. However, the exact mechanisms of Bregs development and functioning are only partially resolved. For instance, only a little is known about the structure of their B cell receptor (BCR) repertoires in autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), a severe neuroinflammatory disease with a yet unknown etiology. Here, we elucidate specific properties of B regulatory cells in MS.MethodsWe performed a prospective study of the transitional Breg (tBreg) subpopulations with the CD19+CD24highCD38high phenotype from MS patients and healthy donors by (i) measuring their content during two diverging courses of relapsing-remitting MS: benign multiple sclerosis (BMS) and highly active multiple sclerosis (HAMS); (ii) analyzing BCR repertoires of circulating B cells by high-throughput sequencing; and (iii) measuring the percentage of CD27+ cells in tBregs.ResultsThe tBregs from HAMS patients carry the heavy chain with a lower amount of hypermutations than tBregs from healthy donors. The percentage of transitional CD24highCD38high B cells is elevated, whereas the frequency of differentiated CD27+ cells in this transitional B cell subset was decreased in the MS patients as compared with healthy donors.ConclusionsImpaired maturation of regulatory B cells is associated with MS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakov A. Lomakin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Zvyagin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Leyla A. Ovchinnikova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Marsel R. Kabilov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitriy B. Staroverov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem Mikelov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey E. Tupikin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maria Y. Zakharova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezda A. Bykova
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems (Kharkevich Institute), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera S. Mukhina
- Institute for Information Transmission Problems (Kharkevich Institute), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Favorov
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
- Quantitative Sciences Division, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Maria Ivanova
- Neuroinfection Department of the Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Taras Simaniv
- Neuroinfection Department of the Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury P. Rubtsov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy M. Chudakov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria N. Zakharova
- Neuroinfection Department of the Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexey A. Belogurov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Alexey A. Belogurov Jr., ; Alexander G. Gabibov,
| | - Alexander G. Gabibov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Life Sciences, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Alexey A. Belogurov Jr., ; Alexander G. Gabibov,
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19
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Wang L, Noyer L, Wang YH, Tao AY, Li W, Zhu J, Saavedra P, Hoda ST, Yang J, Feske S. ORAI3 is dispensable for store-operated Ca2+ entry and immune responses by lymphocytes and macrophages. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:213360. [PMID: 35861698 PMCID: PMC9532584 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ signals regulate the function of many immune cells and promote immune responses to infection, cancer, and autoantigens. Ca2+ influx in immune cells is mediated by store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) that results from the opening of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. The CRAC channel is formed by three plasma membrane proteins, ORAI1, ORAI2, and ORAI3. Of these, ORAI1 is the best studied and plays important roles in immune function. By contrast, the physiological role of ORAI3 in immune cells remains elusive. We show here that ORAI3 is expressed in many immune cells including macrophages, B cells, and T cells. To investigate ORAI3 function in immune cells, we generated Orai3-/- mice. The development of lymphoid and myeloid cells in the thymus and bone marrow was normal in Orai3-/- mice, as was the composition of immune cells in secondary lymphoid organs. Deletion of Orai3 did not affect SOCE in B cells and T cells but moderately enhanced SOCE in macrophages. Orai3-deficient macrophages, B cells, and T cells had normal effector functions in vitro. Immune responses in vivo, including humoral immunity (T cell dependent or independent) and antitumor immunity, were normal in Orai3-/- mice. Moreover, Orai3-/- mice showed no differences in susceptibility to septic shock, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, or collagen-induced arthritis. We conclude that despite its expression in myeloid and lymphoid cells, ORAI3 appears to be dispensable or redundant for physiological and pathological immune responses mediated by these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lucile Noyer
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Yin-Hu Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Anthony Y. Tao
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Wenyi Li
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jingjie Zhu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Pedro Saavedra
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Syed T. Hoda
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY,Correspondence to Stefan Feske:
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20
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Laumont CM, Banville AC, Gilardi M, Hollern DP, Nelson BH. Tumour-infiltrating B cells: immunological mechanisms, clinical impact and therapeutic opportunities. Nat Rev Cancer 2022; 22:414-430. [PMID: 35393541 PMCID: PMC9678336 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-022-00466-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although immunotherapy research to date has focused largely on T cells, there is mounting evidence that tumour-infiltrating B cells and plasma cells (collectively referred to as tumour-infiltrating B lymphocytes (TIL-Bs)) have a crucial, synergistic role in tumour control. In many cancers, TIL-Bs have demonstrated strong predictive and prognostic significance in the context of both standard treatments and immune checkpoint blockade, offering the prospect of new therapeutic opportunities that leverage their unique immunological properties. Drawing insights from autoimmunity, we review the molecular phenotypes, architectural contexts, antigen specificities, effector mechanisms and regulatory pathways relevant to TIL-Bs in human cancer. Although the field is young, the emerging picture is that TIL-Bs promote antitumour immunity through their unique mode of antigen presentation to T cells; their role in assembling and perpetuating immunologically 'hot' tumour microenvironments involving T cells, myeloid cells and natural killer cells; and their potential to combat immune editing and tumour heterogeneity through the easing of self-tolerance mechanisms. We end by discussing the most promising approaches to enhance TIL-B responses in concert with other immune cell subsets to extend the reach, potency and durability of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline M Laumont
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Allyson C Banville
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mara Gilardi
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Daniel P Hollern
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Brad H Nelson
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
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21
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Michée-Cospolite M, Boudigou M, Grasseau A, Simon Q, Mignen O, Pers JO, Cornec D, Le Pottier L, Hillion S. Molecular Mechanisms Driving IL-10- Producing B Cells Functions: STAT3 and c-MAF as Underestimated Central Key Regulators? Front Immunol 2022; 13:818814. [PMID: 35359922 PMCID: PMC8961445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.818814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) have been highlighted in very different pathology settings including autoimmune diseases, allergy, graft rejection, and cancer. Improving tools for the characterization of Bregs has become the main objective especially in humans. Transitional, mature B cells and plasma cells can differentiate into IL-10 producing Bregs in both mice and humans, suggesting that Bregs are not derived from unique precursors but may arise from different competent progenitors at unrestricted development stages. Moreover, in addition to IL-10 production, regulatory B cells used a broad range of suppressing mechanisms to modulate the immune response. Although Bregs have been consistently described in the literature, only a few reports described the molecular aspects that control the acquisition of the regulatory function. In this manuscript, we detailed the latest reports describing the control of IL-10, TGFβ, and GZMB production in different Breg subsets at the molecular level. We focused on the understanding of the role of the transcription factors STAT3 and c-MAF in controlling IL-10 production in murine and human B cells and how these factors may represent an important crossroad of several key drivers of the Breg response. Finally, we provided original data supporting the evidence that MAF is expressed in human IL-10- producing plasmablast and could be induced in vitro following different stimulation cocktails. At steady state, we reported that MAF is expressed in specific human B-cell tonsillar subsets including the IgD+ CD27+ unswitched population, germinal center cells and plasmablast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Divi Cornec
- U1227, LBAI, Univ Brest, Inserm, and CHU Brest, Brest, France
| | | | - Sophie Hillion
- U1227, LBAI, Univ Brest, Inserm, and CHU Brest, Brest, France
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22
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Functional Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Are Present in the Human B Cell Membrane. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071225. [PMID: 35406789 PMCID: PMC8998058 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells express various ion channels, but the presence of voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels has not been confirmed in the plasma membrane yet. In this study, we have identified several NaV channels, which are expressed in the human B cell membrane, by electrophysiological and molecular biology methods. The sensitivity of the detected sodium current to tetrodotoxin was between the values published for TTX-sensitive and TTX-insensitive channels, which suggests the co-existence of multiple NaV1 subtypes in the B cell membrane. This was confirmed by RT-qPCR results, which showed high expression of TTX-sensitive channels along with the lower expression of TTX-insensitive NaV1 channels. The biophysical characteristics of the currents also supported the expression of multiple NaV channels. In addition, we investigated the potential functional role of NaV channels by membrane potential measurements. Removal of Na+ from the extracellular solution caused a reversible hyperpolarization, supporting the role of NaV channels in shaping and maintaining the resting membrane potential. As this study was mainly limited to electrophysiological properties, we cannot exclude the possible non-canonical functions of these channels. This work concludes that the presence of voltage-gated sodium channels in the plasma membrane of human B cells should be recognized and accounted for in the future.
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23
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Yin J, Ma J, Liu X, Xia J, Ai Q, Li C. Chronic immune thrombocytopenia in a child with X-linked agammaglobulinemia-an uncommon phenotype. Platelets 2022; 33:1100-1103. [PMID: 35296220 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2022.2053090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune disorders are common in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs). However, the prevalence of autoimmunity is low in patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), mostly due to the absence of antibodies. Chronic or persistent immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), which is usually considered an antibody-mediated disease, is uncommon in patients with XLA. In this study, we detailly described a surprising autoimmune phenomenon, chronic ITP, in a small boy diagnosed with XLA. This is an interesting phenotype found in XLA, and it is helpful to understand the immune pathogenesis of autoimmunity in patients with XLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yin
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jijun Ma
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyue Xia
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Ai
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chongwei Li
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
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24
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Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ signaling pathway that is evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotes. SOCE is triggered physiologically when the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores are emptied through activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors. SOCE is mediated by the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels, which are highly Ca2+ selective. Upon store depletion, the ER Ca2+-sensing STIM proteins aggregate and gain extended conformations spanning the ER-plasma membrane junctional space to bind and activate Orai, the pore-forming proteins of hexameric CRAC channels. In recent years, studies on STIM and Orai tissue-specific knockout mice and gain- and loss-of-function mutations in humans have shed light on the physiological functions of SOCE in various tissues. Here, we describe recent findings on the composition of native CRAC channels and their physiological functions in immune, muscle, secretory, and neuronal systems to draw lessons from transgenic mice and human diseases caused by altered CRAC channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Ryan E Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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25
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Michaud D, Mirlekar B, Steward C, Bishop G, Pylayeva-Gupta Y. B Cell Receptor Signaling and Protein Kinase D2 Support Regulatory B Cell Function in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 12:745873. [PMID: 35046933 PMCID: PMC8761795 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.745873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells can act as potent suppressors of anti-tumor T cell immunity, presenting a mechanism of resistance to immunotherapy. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, B cells can display a T cell-suppressive or regulatory phenotype centered on the expression of the cytokine Interleukin 35 (IL-35). While B cell-mediated immunosuppression presents a barrier to anti-tumorigenic T cell function, it is not clear how regulatory B cell function could be targeted, and the signals that promote this suppressive phenotype in B cells are not well understood. Here we use a novel IL-35 reporter model to understand which signaling pathways are important for immunosuppressive properties in B cells. In vitro analysis of IL-35 reporter B cells revealed a synergy between the BCR and TLR4 signaling pathways is sufficient to induce IL-35 expression. However, in vivo, B cell receptor activation, as opposed to MyD88 signaling in B cells, is central to B cell-mediated suppression and promotion of pancreatic cancer growth. Further analysis identified protein kinase D2 (PKD2) as being a key downstream regulator of IL-35 expression in B cells. Regulatory B cells with an inactivating mutation in PKD2 failed to produce IL-35 or fully suppress effector T cell function in vitro. Furthermore, inhibition of PKD in B cells decreased tumor growth and promoted effector T cell function upon adoptive transfer into B cell-deficient mice. Collectively, these data provide insight into how regulatory B cell function is promoted in pancreatic cancer and identify potential therapeutic targets to restrain this function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Michaud
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Bhalchandra Mirlekar
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Colleen Steward
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Gail Bishop
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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26
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Freitas RAD, Lima VV, Bomfim GF, Giachini FRC. Interleukin-10 in the Vasculature: Pathophysiological Implications. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2021; 20:230-243. [PMID: 34961448 DOI: 10.2174/1570161120666211227143459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an important immunomodulatory cytokine, initially characterized as an anti-inflammatory agent released by immune cells during infectious and inflammatory processes. IL-10 exhibits biological functions that extend to the regulation of different intracellular signaling pathways directly associated with vascular function. This cytokine plays a vital role in vascular tone regulation through the change of important proteins involved in vasoconstriction and vasodilation. Numerous investigations covered here have shown that therapeutic strategies inducing IL-10 result in anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertrophic, antihyperplastic, anti-apoptotic and antihypertensive effects. This non-systematic review summarizes the modulating effects mediated by IL-10 in vascular tissue, particularly on vascular tone, and the intracellular pathway induced by this cytokine. We also highlight the advances in IL-10 manipulation as a therapeutic target in different cardiovascular pathophysiologies, including the physiological implications in animals and humans. Finally, the review illustrates current and potential future perspectives of the potential use of IL-10 in clinical trials, based on the clinical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor Vitorino Lima
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças - Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Regina Casagrande Giachini
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia - Brazil.
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças - Brazil
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27
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Zhong Z, Nan K, Weng M, Yue Y, Zhou W, Wang Z, Chu Y, Liu R, Miao C. Pro- and Anti- Effects of Immunoglobulin A- Producing B Cell in Tumors and Its Triggers. Front Immunol 2021; 12:765044. [PMID: 34868013 PMCID: PMC8640120 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.765044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells are well known as key mediators of humoral immune responses via the production of antibodies. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundantly produced antibody isotype and provides the first line of immune protection at mucosal surfaces. However, IgA has long been a divisive molecule with respect to tumor progression. IgA exerts anti- or pro-tumor effect in different tumor types. In this review, we summarize emerging evidence regarding the production and effects of IgA and IgA+ cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, we discuss that the TME cytokines, host diet, microbiome, and metabolites play a pivotal role in controlling the class-switch recombination (CSR) of IgA. The analysis of intratumoral Ig repertoires and determination of metabolites that influence CSR may help establish novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ke Nan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meilin Weng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenchang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Li X, Zeng Q, Wang S, Li M, Chen X, Huang Y, Chen B, Zhou M, Lai Y, Guo C, Zhao S, Zhang H, Yang N. CRAC Channel Controls the Differentiation of Pathogenic B Cells in Lupus Nephritis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:779560. [PMID: 34745151 PMCID: PMC8569388 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.779560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel is the main Ca2+ influx pathway in lymphocytes and is essential for immune response. Lupus nephritis (LN) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies due to widespread loss of immune tolerance. In this study, RNA-seq analysis revealed that calcium transmembrane transport and calcium channel activity were enhanced in naive B cells from patients with LN. The increased expression of ORAI1, ORAI2, and STIM2 in naive B cells from patients with LN was confirmed by flow cytometry and Western blot, implying a role of CRAC channel in B-cell dysregulation in LN. For in vitro study, CRAC channel inhibition by YM-58483 or downregulation by ORAI1-specific small-interfering RNA (siRNA) decreased the phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase2 (CaMK2) and suppressed Blimp-1 expression in primary human B cells, resulting in decreased B-cell differentiation and immunoglobulin G (IgG) production. B cells treated with CaMK2-specific siRNA showed defects in plasma cell differentiation and IgG production. For in vivo study, YM-58483 not only ameliorated the progression of LN but also prevented the development of LN. MRL/lpr lupus mice treated with YM-58483 showed lower percentage of plasma cells in the spleen and reduced concentration of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies in the sera significantly. Importantly, mice treated with YM-58483 showed decreased immune deposition in the glomeruli and alleviated kidney damage, which was further confirmed in NZM2328 lupus mice. Collectively, CRAC channel controlled the differentiation of pathogenic B cells and promoted the progression of LN. This study provides insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of LN and that CRAC channel could serve as a potential therapeutic target for LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xionghui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuefang Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binfeng Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mianjing Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yimei Lai
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaohuan Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Niansheng Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Iperi C, Bordron A, Dueymes M, Pers JO, Jamin C. Metabolic Program of Regulatory B Lymphocytes and Influence in the Control of Malignant and Autoimmune Situations. Front Immunol 2021; 12:735463. [PMID: 34650560 PMCID: PMC8505885 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.735463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic pathways have been studied for a while in eukaryotic cells. During glycolysis, glucose enters into the cells through the Glut1 transporter to be phosphorylated and metabolized generating ATP molecules. Immune cells can use additional pathways to adapt their energetic needs. The pentose phosphate pathway, the glutaminolysis, the fatty acid oxidation and the oxidative phosphorylation generate additional metabolites to respond to the physiological requirements. Specifically, in B lymphocytes, these pathways are activated to meet energetic demands in relation to their maturation status and their functional orientation (tolerance, effector or regulatory activities). These metabolic programs are differentially involved depending on the receptors and the co-activation molecules stimulated. Their induction may also vary according to the influence of the microenvironment, i.e. the presence of T cells, cytokines … promoting the expression of particular transcription factors that direct the energetic program and modulate the number of ATP molecule produced. The current review provides recent advances showing the underestimated influence of the metabolic pathways in the control of the B cell physiology, with a particular focus on the regulatory B cells, but also in the oncogenic and autoimmune evolution of the B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Bordron
- LBAI, UMR1227, Univ Brest, Inserm, Brest, France
| | - Maryvonne Dueymes
- LBAI, UMR1227, Univ Brest, Inserm, Brest, France.,Service d'Odontologie, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Pers
- LBAI, UMR1227, Univ Brest, Inserm, Brest, France.,Service d'Odontologie, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Christophe Jamin
- LBAI, UMR1227, Univ Brest, Inserm, Brest, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
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30
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Boldison J, Wong FS. Regulatory B Cells: Role in Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:746187. [PMID: 34616408 PMCID: PMC8488343 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.746187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) have an anti-inflammatory role and can suppress autoimmunity, by employing both cytokine secretion and cell-contact mediated mechanisms. Numerous Breg subsets have been described and have overlapping phenotypes in terms of their immune expression markers or cytokine production. A hallmark feature of Bregs is the secretion of IL-10, although IL-35 and TGFβ−producing B cells have also been identified. To date, few reports have identified an impaired frequency or function of Bregs in individuals with type 1 diabetes; thus our understanding of the role played by these Breg subsets in the pathogenesis of this condition is limited. In this review we will focus on how regulatory B cells are altered in the development of type 1 diabetes, highlighting both frequency and function and discuss both human and animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Boldison
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - F Susan Wong
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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31
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Yang SY, Long J, Huang MX, Luo PY, Bian ZH, Xu YF, Wang CB, Yang SH, Li L, Selmi C, Gershwin ME, Zhao ZB, Lian ZX. Characterization of Organ-Specific Regulatory B Cells Using Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. Front Immunol 2021; 12:711980. [PMID: 34594327 PMCID: PMC8476928 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.711980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Breg) are considered as immunosuppressive cells. Different subsets of Breg cells have been identified both in human beings and in mice. However, there is a lack of unique markers to identify Breg cells, and the heterogeneity of Breg cells in different organs needs to be further illuminated. In this study, we performed high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell B-cell receptor sequencing (scBCR-seq) of B cells from the murine spleen, liver, mesenteric lymph nodes, bone marrow, and peritoneal cavity to better define the phenotype of these cells. Breg cells were identified based on the expression of immunosuppressive genes and IL-10-producing B (B10) cell-related genes, to define B10 and non-B10 subsets in Breg cells based on the score of the B10 gene signatures. Moreover, we characterized 19 common genes significantly expressed in Breg cells, including Fcrl5, Zbtb20, Ccdc28b, Cd9, and Ptpn22, and further analyzed the transcription factor activity in defined Breg cells. Last, a BCR analysis was used to determine the clonally expanded clusters and the relationship of Breg cells across different organs. We demonstrated that Atf3 may potentially modulate the function of Breg cells as a transcription factor and that seven organ-specific subsets of Breg cells are found. Depending on gene expression and functional modules, non-B10 Breg cells exhibited activated the TGF-β pathway, thus suggesting that non-B10 Breg cells have specific immunosuppressive properties different from conventional B10 cells. In conclusion, our work provides new insights into Breg cells and illustrates their transcriptional profiles and BCR repertoire in different organs under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Yang
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Long
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Xing Huang
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pan-Yue Luo
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Bian
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Fei Xu
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Bo Wang
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Han Yang
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Li
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Carlo Selmi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Zhi-Bin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Chronic Disease Laboratory, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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32
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Yoast RE, Emrich SM, Zhang X, Xin P, Arige V, Pathak T, Benson JC, Johnson MT, Abdelnaby AE, Lakomski N, Hempel N, Han JM, Dupont G, Yule DI, Sneyd J, Trebak M. The Mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter is a central regulator of interorganellar Ca 2+ transfer and NFAT activation. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101174. [PMID: 34499925 PMCID: PMC8496184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake tailors the strength of stimulation of plasma membrane phospholipase C–coupled receptors to that of cellular bioenergetics. However, how Ca2+ uptake by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) shapes receptor-evoked interorganellar Ca2+ signaling is unknown. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout, subcellular Ca2+ imaging, and mathematical modeling to show that MCU is a universal regulator of intracellular Ca2+ signaling across mammalian cell types. MCU activity sustains cytosolic Ca2+ signaling by preventing Ca2+-dependent inactivation of store-operated Ca2+ release–activated Ca2+ channels and by inhibiting Ca2+ extrusion. Paradoxically, MCU knockout (MCU-KO) enhanced cytosolic Ca2+ responses to store depletion. Physiological agonist stimulation in MCU-KO cells led to enhanced frequency of cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations, endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ refilling, nuclear translocation of nuclear factor for activated T cells transcription factors, and cell proliferation, without altering inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity. Our data show that MCU has dual counterbalancing functions at the cytosol–mitochondria interface, whereby the cell-specific MCU-dependent cytosolic Ca2+ clearance and buffering capacity of mitochondria reciprocally regulate interorganellar Ca2+ transfer and nuclear factor for activated T cells nuclear translocation during receptor-evoked signaling. These findings highlight the critical dual function of the MCU not only in the acute Ca2+ buffering by mitochondria but also in shaping endoplasmic reticulum and cytosolic Ca2+ signals that regulate cellular transcription and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ping Xin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vikas Arige
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Trayambak Pathak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Cory Benson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Martin T Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ahmed Emam Abdelnaby
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Natalia Lakomski
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jung Min Han
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Geneviève Dupont
- Unité de Chronobiologie Théorique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - James Sneyd
- Department of Mathematics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Abstract
Conduction disorders and arrhythmias remain difficult to treat and are increasingly prevalent owing to the increasing age and body mass of the general population, because both are risk factors for arrhythmia. Many of the underlying conditions that give rise to arrhythmia - including atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmia, which frequently occur in patients with acute myocardial ischaemia or heart failure - can have an inflammatory component. In the past, inflammation was viewed mostly as an epiphenomenon associated with arrhythmia; however, the recently discovered inflammatory and non-canonical functions of cardiac immune cells indicate that leukocytes can be arrhythmogenic either by altering tissue composition or by interacting with cardiomyocytes; for example, by changing their phenotype or perhaps even by directly interfering with conduction. In this Review, we discuss the electrophysiological properties of leukocytes and how these cells relate to conduction in the heart. Given the thematic parallels, we also summarize the interactions between immune cells and neural systems that influence information transfer, extrapolating findings from the field of neuroscience to the heart and defining common themes. We aim to bridge the knowledge gap between electrophysiology and immunology, to promote conceptual connections between these two fields and to explore promising opportunities for future research.
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34
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Kinker GS, Vitiello GAF, Ferreira WAS, Chaves AS, Cordeiro de Lima VC, Medina TDS. B Cell Orchestration of Anti-tumor Immune Responses: A Matter of Cell Localization and Communication. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:678127. [PMID: 34164398 PMCID: PMC8215448 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.678127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a crucial role in cancer development either by fostering tumor growth or destroying tumor cells, which has open new avenues for cancer immunotherapy. It was only over the last decade that the role of B cells in controlling anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor milieu has begun to be appreciated. B and plasma cells can exert anti-tumor effects through antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) and activation of the complement cascade, even though their effector functions extend beyond the classical humoral immunity. In tumor tissues, B cells can be found in lymphoid aggregates, known as tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), well-organized non-encapsulated structures composed of immune and stromal cells. These structures reflect a process of lymphoid neogenesis occurring in peripheral tissues upon long-lasting exposure to inflammatory signals. The TLS provides an area of intense B cell antigen presentation that can lead to optimal T cell activation and effector functions, as well as the generation of effector B cells, which can be further differentiated in either antibody-secreting plasma cells or memory B cells. Of clinical interest, the crosstalk between B cells and antigen-experienced and exhausted CD8+ T cells within mature TLS was recently associated with improved response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in melanoma, sarcoma and lung cancer. Otherwise, B cells sparsely distributed in the tumor microenvironment or organized in immature TLSs were found to exert immune-regulatory functions, inhibiting anti-tumor immunity through the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Such phenotype might arise when B cells interact with malignant cells rather than T and dendritic cells. Differences in the spatial distribution likely underlie discrepancies between the role of B cells inferred from human samples or mouse models. Many fast-growing orthotopic tumors develop a malignant cell-rich bulk with reduced stroma and are devoid of TLSs, which highlights the importance of carefully selecting pre-clinical models. In summary, strategies that promote TLS formation in close proximity to tumor cells are likely to favor immunotherapy responses. Here, the cellular and molecular programs coordinating B cell development, activation and organization within TLSs will be reviewed, focusing on their translational relevance to cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Sarti Kinker
- Translational Immuno-oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glauco Akelinghton Freire Vitiello
- Translational Immuno-oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Pathological Sciences, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Wallax Augusto Silva Ferreira
- Translational Immuno-oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Tissue Culture and Cytogenetics, Environment Section (SAMAM), Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Silva Chaves
- Translational Immuno-oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Tiago da Silva Medina
- Translational Immuno-oncology Group, International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Oncogenomics and Therapeutic Innovation, São Paulo, Brazil
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35
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TCL1A, B Cell Regulation and Tolerance in Renal Transplantation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061367. [PMID: 34206047 PMCID: PMC8230170 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite much progress in the management of kidney transplantation, the need for life-long immunosuppressive therapies remains a major issue representing many risks for patients. Operational tolerance, defined as allograft acceptance without immunosuppression, has logically been subject to many investigations with the aim of a better understanding of post-transplantation mechanisms and potentially how it would be induced in patients. Among proposed biomarkers, T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma protein 1A (TCL1A) has been observed as overexpressed in the peripheral blood of operational tolerant patients in several studies. TCL1A expression is restricted to early B cells, also increased in the blood of tolerant patients, and showing regulatory properties, notably through IL-10 secretion for some subsets. TCL1A has first been identified as an oncogene, overexpression of which is associated to the development of T and B cell cancer. TCL1A acts as a coactivator of the serine threonine kinase Akt and through other interactions favoring cell survival, growth, and proliferation. It has also been identified as interacting with others major actors involved in B cells differentiation and regulation, including IL-10 production. Herein, we reviewed known interactions and functions of TCL1A in B cells which could involve its potential role in the set up and maintenance of renal allograft tolerance.
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36
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Kawata K, Baba A, Shiota M, Wanibuchi H, Baba Y. ER membrane protein complex 1 interacts with STIM1 and regulates store-operated Ca2+ entry. J Biochem 2021; 170:483-488. [PMID: 34015095 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is the process by which the emptying of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores causes an influx of Ca2+ across the plasma membrane. It is the major Ca2+ influx pathway in non-excitable cells and has a wide array of physiological functions. Upon store depletion, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), an ER calcium sensor relocates into discrete puncta at the ER-plasma membrane junction region, which results in the coupling of Ca2+ channels to initiate SOCE. However, the mechanism regulating STIM1 activity remains poorly understood. Here, we performed affinity purification of STIM1 and uncovered ER membrane protein complex 1 (EMC1) as a STIM1 binding partner. We showed that this interaction occurred in the ER through the intraluminal region of STIM1. After store depletion, EMC1 does not cluster adjacent to the plasma membrane, which suggests that it is distributed differently from STIM1. EMC1 knockdown with small interfering RNA resulted in a marked decrease in SOCE. Thus, these findings suggest that EMC1 functions as a positive regulator of SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Kawata
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akemi Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shiota
- Department of Molecular Biology of Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hideki Wanibuchi
- Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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37
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Sakaguchi T, Okumura R, Ono C, Okuzaki D, Kawai T, Okochi Y, Tanimura N, Murakami M, Kayama H, Umemoto E, Kioka H, Ohtani T, Sakata Y, Miyake K, Okamura Y, Baba Y, Takeda K. TRPM5 Negatively Regulates Calcium-Dependent Responses in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated B Lymphocytes. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107755. [PMID: 32521253 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells produce high amounts of cytokines and immunoglobulins in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Calcium signaling cascades are critically involved in cytokine production of T cells, and the cytosolic calcium concentration is regulated by calcium-activated monovalent cation channels (CAMs). Calcium signaling is also implicated in B cell activation; however, its involvement in the cytokine production of LPS-stimulated B cells remains less well characterized. Here, we show that the transient receptor potential melastatin 5 channel (TRPM5), which is one of the CAMs, negatively modulates calcium signaling, thereby regulating LPS-induced proliferative and inflammatory responses by B cells. LPS-stimulated B cells of Trpm5-deficient mice exhibit an increased cytosolic calcium concentration, leading to enhanced proliferation and the production of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and CXCL10. Furthermore, Trpm5-deficient mice show an exacerbation of endotoxic shock with high mortality. Our findings demonstrate the importance of TRPM5-dependent regulatory mechanisms in LPS-induced calcium signaling of splenic B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Sakaguchi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Ryu Okumura
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Chisato Ono
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kawai
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Okochi
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Natsuko Tanimura
- Department of Pharmacology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Murakami
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hisako Kayama
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Eiji Umemoto
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomohito Ohtani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kensuke Miyake
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okamura
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takeda
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
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38
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Nair-Gill E, Bonora M, Zhong X, Liu A, Miranda A, Stewart N, Ludwig S, Russell J, Gallagher T, Pinton P, Beutler B. Calcium flux control by Pacs1-Wdr37 promotes lymphocyte quiescence and lymphoproliferative diseases. EMBO J 2021; 40:e104888. [PMID: 33630350 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium (Ca2+ ) stores are critical to proteostasis, intracellular signaling, and cellular bioenergetics. Through forward genetic screening in mice, we identified two members of a new complex, Pacs1 and Wdr37, which are required for normal ER Ca2+ handling in lymphocytes. Deletion of Pacs1 or Wdr37 caused peripheral lymphopenia that was linked to blunted Ca2+ release from the ER after antigen receptor stimulation. Pacs1-deficient cells showed diminished inositol triphosphate receptor expression together with increased ER and oxidative stress. Mature Pacs1-/- B cells proliferated and died in vivo under lymphocyte replete conditions, indicating spontaneous loss of cellular quiescence. Disruption of Pacs1-Wdr37 did not diminish adaptive immune responses, but potently suppressed lymphoproliferative disease models by forcing loss of quiescence. Thus, Pacs1-Wdr37 plays a critical role in stabilizing lymphocyte populations through ER Ca2+ handling and presents a new target for lymphoproliferative disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Nair-Gill
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Division of Rheumatic Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Massimo Bonora
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Xue Zhong
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Aijie Liu
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Amber Miranda
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nathan Stewart
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sara Ludwig
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jamie Russell
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Gallagher
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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39
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Catalán D, Mansilla MA, Ferrier A, Soto L, Oleinika K, Aguillón JC, Aravena O. Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Regulatory B Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:611795. [PMID: 33995344 PMCID: PMC8118522 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.611795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) is a term that encompasses all B cells that act to suppress immune responses. Bregs contribute to the maintenance of tolerance, limiting ongoing immune responses and reestablishing immune homeostasis. The important role of Bregs in restraining the pathology associated with exacerbated inflammatory responses in autoimmunity and graft rejection has been consistently demonstrated, while more recent studies have suggested a role for this population in other immune-related conditions, such as infections, allergy, cancer, and chronic metabolic diseases. Initial studies identified IL-10 as the hallmark of Breg function; nevertheless, the past decade has seen the discovery of other molecules utilized by human and murine B cells to regulate immune responses. This new arsenal includes other anti-inflammatory cytokines such IL-35 and TGF-β, as well as cell surface proteins like CD1d and PD-L1. In this review, we examine the main suppressive mechanisms employed by these novel Breg populations. We also discuss recent evidence that helps to unravel previously unknown aspects of the phenotype, development, activation, and function of IL-10-producing Bregs, incorporating an overview on those questions that remain obscure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Catalán
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Andrés Mansilla
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ashley Ferrier
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto Milenio en Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Soto
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Unidad de Dolor, Hospital Clínico, Universidad de Chile (HCUCH), Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Juan Carlos Aguillón
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Octavio Aravena
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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40
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BCR-Induced Ca 2+ Signals Dynamically Tune Survival, Metabolic Reprogramming, and Proliferation of Naive B Cells. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107474. [PMID: 32294437 PMCID: PMC7301411 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell receptor (BCR) engagement induces naive B cells to differentiate and perform critical immune-regulatory functions. Acquisition of functional specificity requires that a cell survive, enter the cell cycle, and proliferate. We establish that quantitatively distinct Ca2+ signals triggered by variations in the extent of BCR engagement dynamically regulate these transitions by controlling nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), NFAT, and mTORC1 activity. Weak BCR engagement induces apoptosis by failing to activate NF-κB-driven anti-apoptotic gene expression. Stronger signals that trigger more robust Ca2+ signals promote NF-κB-dependent survival and NFAT-, mTORC1-, and c-Myc-dependent cell-cycle entry and proliferation. Finally, we establish that CD40 or TLR9 costimulation circumvents these Ca2+-regulated checkpoints of B cell activation and proliferation. As altered BCR signaling is linked to autoimmunity and B cell malignancies, these results have important implications for understanding the pathogenesis of aberrant B cell activation and differentiation and therapeutic approaches to target these responses. Berry et al. establish that variations in the strength of BCR engagement are encoded as quantitatively distinct calcium signals that tune B cell fates by dynamically regulating NF-κB, NFAT, and mTORC1 activity. Targeting calcium signaling may thereby serve as an effective treatment strategy for regulating normal and pathological B cell activation.
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41
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Le Berre L, Chesneau M, Danger R, Dubois F, Chaussabel D, Garand M, Brouard S. Connection of BANK1, Tolerance, Regulatory B cells, and Apoptosis: Perspectives of a Reductionist Investigation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:589786. [PMID: 33815360 PMCID: PMC8015775 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.589786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BANK1 transcript is upregulated in whole blood after kidney transplantation in tolerant patients. In comparison to patients with rejection, tolerant patients display higher level of regulatory B cells (Bregs) expressing granzyme B (GZMB+) that have the capability to prevent effector T cells proliferation. However, BANK1 was found to be decreased in these GZMB+ Bregs. In this article, we investigated seven different transcriptomic studies and mined the literature in order to make link between BANK1, tolerance and Bregs. As for GZMB+ Bregs, we found that BANK1 was decreased in other subtypes of Bregs, including IL10+ and CD24hiCD38hi transitional regulatory B cells, along with BANK1 was down-regulated in activated/differentiated B cells, as in CD40-activated B cells, in leukemia and plasma cells. Following a reductionist approach, biological concepts were extracted from BANK1 literature and allowed us to infer association between BANK1 and immune signaling pathways, as STAT1, FcγRIIB, TNFAIP3, TRAF6, and TLR7. Based on B cell signaling literature and expression data, we proposed a role of BANK1 in B cells of tolerant patients that involved BCR, IP3R, and PLCG2, and a link with the apoptosis pathways. We confronted these data with our experiments on apoptosis in total B cells and Bregs, and this suggests different involvement for BANK1 in these two cells. Finally, we put in perspective our own data with other published data to hypothesize two different roles for BANK1 in B cells and in Bregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmilla Le Berre
- CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Mélanie Chesneau
- CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Richard Danger
- CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Florian Dubois
- CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | | | - Mathieu Garand
- Systems Biology and Immunology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sophie Brouard
- CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
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42
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Yasuda T, Saito Y, Ono C, Kawata K, Baba A, Baba Y. Generation and characterization of CD19-iCre mice as a tool for efficient and specific conditional gene targeting in B cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5524. [PMID: 33750849 PMCID: PMC7943778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84786-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cre/loxP system is a powerful tool for generating conditional gene knockout (KO) mice and elucidate gene function in vivo. CD19-Cre and Mb1-iCre transgenic mice are commonly used for generating B cell-specific KO mice and investigate the development, as well as the physiological and pathophysiological roles of B cells. However, the CD19-Cre line low efficiency and the Mb1-iCre line occasional ectopic recombination represent challenges for their use. Thus, we developed a CD19-codon-improved Cre (CD19-iCre) knock-in mouse with the T2A-iCre sequence inserted into the Cd19 locus, just before the stop codon. The CD19-iCre mice were compared with existing models, crossed with the Rosa26-EYFP reporter mice, and their recombination activity in B cells carrying different Cre alleles was assessed. CD19-iCre mice showed more effective Cre recombination in the early B cell developmental stages compared with the CD19-Cre mice. The efficiencies of the CD19-iCre and Mb1-iCre lines were similar; however, the B lineage-specific recombination was more stringent in the CD19-iCre line. Furthermore, the utility value of the CD19-iCre model was superior than that of the CD19-Cre mice regarding deletion efficiency in IL10-floxed mice. Thus, the CD19-iCre line is a valuable tool for highly efficient gene targeting specific to the B cell compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoharu Yasuda
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-8511, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Saito
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Chisato Ono
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kawata
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akemi Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Chen SJ, Chen LH, Yeh YM, Lin CCK, Lin PC, Huang HW, Shen MR, Lin BW, Lee JC, Lee CC, Lee YF, Chiang HC, Chang JY. Targeting lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin S reveals immunomodulatory therapeutic strategy for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Theranostics 2021; 11:4672-4687. [PMID: 33754020 PMCID: PMC7978314 DOI: 10.7150/thno.54793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is a common adverse effect that causes delayed treatment and poor prognosis among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, its mechanism remains elusive, and no effective treatment is available. Methods: We employed a prospective cohort study of adult patients with pathologically confirmed stage III CRC receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with an oxaliplatin-based regimen for investigating OIPN. To further validate the clinical manifestations and identify a potential therapeutic strategy, animal models, and in vitro studies on the mechanism of OIPN were applied. Results: Our work found that (1) consistent with clinical findings, OIPN was observed in animal models. Targeting the enzymatic activity of cathepsin S (CTSS) by pharmacological blockade and gene deficiency strategy alleviates the manifestations of OIPN. (2) Oxaliplatin treatment increases CTSS expression by enhancing cytosol translocation of interferon response factor 1 (IRF1), which then facilitates STIM-dependent store-operated Ca2+ entry homeostasis. (3) The cytokine array demonstrated an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines and suppression of proinflammatory cytokines in mice treated with RJW-58. (4) Mechanistically, inhibiting CTSS facilitated olfactory receptors transcription factor 1 release from P300/CBP binding, which enhanced binding to the interleukin-10 (IL-10) promoter region, driving IL-10 downstream signaling pathway. (5) Serum CTSS expression is increased in CRC patients with oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity. Conclusions: We highlighted the critical role of CTSS in OIPN, which provides a therapeutic strategy for the common adverse side effects of oxaliplatin.
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Xiang W, Xie C, Guan Y. The identification, development and therapeutic potential of IL-10-producing regulatory B cells in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 354:577520. [PMID: 33684831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory B cells are a rare B-cell subset widely known to exert their immunosuppressive function via the production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and other mechanisms. B10 cells are a special subset of regulatory B cells with immunoregulatory function that is fully attributed to IL-10. Their unique roles in the animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) have been described, as well as their relevance in MS patients. This review specifically focuses on the identification and development of B10 cells, the signals that promote IL-10 production in B cells, the roles of B10 cells in MS, and the potential and major challenges of the application of B10-based therapies for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Rd, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Chong Xie
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Rd, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yangtai Guan
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 160 Pujian Rd, Shanghai 200127, China.
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Michaud D, Steward CR, Mirlekar B, Pylayeva-Gupta Y. Regulatory B cells in cancer. Immunol Rev 2021; 299:74-92. [PMID: 33368346 PMCID: PMC7965344 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumorigenesis proceeds through discrete steps where acquisition of genetic lesions and changes in the surrounding microenvironment combine to drive unrestricted neoplastic proliferation and metastasis. The ability of tumor-infiltrating immune cells to promote tumor growth via the provision of signals that enable tumor cell survival and proliferation as well as contribute to immune suppression is an active area of research. Recent efforts have provided us with mechanistic insights into how B cells can positively and negatively regulate immune responses. Negative regulation of immune responses in cancer can be mediated by regulatory B cells and is often a result of increased production of cytokines that can directly and indirectly affect anti-tumor immune function and cancer cell growth. Signals that lead to the expansion of regulatory B cells and the spectrum of their functional roles are not well understood and are the subject of active research by many groups. Here, we elaborate broadly on the history of regulatory B cells in cancer and summarize recent studies that have established genetic models for the study of regulatory B cell function and their potential for therapeutic intervention in the setting of solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Michaud
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Colleen R Steward
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bhalchandra Mirlekar
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yuliya Pylayeva-Gupta
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Use of Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) Ligation to Characterize Human Regulatory B-Cells Subsets. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2270:235-261. [PMID: 33479902 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1237-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which constitute key components in the recognition of pathogens, thereby initiating innate immune responses and promoting adaptive immune responses. In B cells, TLR ligation is important for their activation and, together with CD40, for their differentiation. TLR ligands are also strong promoters of regulatory B (Breg)-cell development, by enhancing the production of IL-10 and their capacity to induce tolerance. In inflammatory diseases, such as autoimmunity or allergies, Breg-cell function is often impaired, while in chronic infections, such as with helminths, or cancer, Breg-cell function is boosted. Following pathogen exposure, B cells can respond directly by producing cytokines and/or IgM (innate response) and develop into various memory B (Bmem)-cell subsets with class-switched immunoglobulin receptors. Depending on the disease state or chronic infection conditions, various Breg subsets can be recognized as well. Currently, a large array of surface markers is known to distinguish between these large range of B-cell subsets. In recent years, the development of mass cytometers and spectral flow cytometry has allowed for high-dimensional detection of up to 48 markers, including both surface and intracellular/intranuclear markers. Therefore, this novel technology is highly suitable to provide a comprehensive overview of Bmem/Breg-cell subsets in different disease states and/or in clinical intervention trials. Here, we provide detailed instructions of the steps necessary to obtain high-quality data for high-dimensional analysis of multiple human Breg-cell subsets using various TLR ligands.
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Korthals M, Tech L, Langnaese K, Gottfried A, Hradsky J, Thomas U, Zenclussen AC, Brunner-Weinzierl MC, Tedford K, Fischer KD. Plasma membrane Ca 2+ ATPase 1 (PMCA1) but not PMCA4 is critical for B-cell development and Ca 2+ homeostasis in mice. Eur J Immunol 2020; 51:594-602. [PMID: 33098669 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The amplitude and duration of Ca2+ signaling is crucial for B-cell development and self-tolerance; however, the mechanisms for terminating Ca2+ signals in B cells have not been determined. In lymphocytes, plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) isoforms 1 and 4 (PMCA1 and PMCA4, aka ATP2B1 and ATP2B4) are the main candidates for expelling Ca2+ from the cell through the plasma membrane. We report here that Pmca4 (Atp2b4) KO mice had normal B-cell development, while mice with a conditional KO of Pmca1 (Atp2b1) had greatly reduced numbers of B cells, particularly splenic follicular B cells, marginal zone B cells, and peritoneal B-1a cells. Mouse and naïve human B cells showed only PMCA1 expression and no PMCA4 by western blot, in contrast to T cells, which did express PMCA4. Calcium handling was normal in Pmca4-/- B cells, but Pmca1 KO B cells had elevated basal levels of Ca2+ , elevated levels in ER stores, and reduced Ca2+ clearance. These findings show that the PMCA1 isoform alone is required to ensure normal B-cell Ca2+ signaling and development, which may have implications for therapeutic targeting of PMCAs and Ca2+ in B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Korthals
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Tech
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Langnaese
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna Gottfried
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hradsky
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Thomas
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Experimental Obstetrics and Gynecology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Kerry Tedford
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Fischer
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Beckett J, Hester J, Issa F, Shankar S. Regulatory B cells in transplantation: roadmaps to clinic. Transpl Int 2020; 33:1353-1368. [PMID: 32725703 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, an additional and important role for B cells has been established in immune regulation. Preclinical studies demonstrate that regulatory B cells (Breg) can prolong allograft survival in animal models and induce regulatory T cells. Operationally tolerant human kidney transplant recipients demonstrate B-cell-associated gene signatures of immune tolerance, and novel therapeutic agents can induce Bregs in phase I clinical trials in transplantation. Our rapidly expanding appreciation of this novel B-cell subtype has made the road to clinical application a reality. Here, we outline several translational pathways by which Bregs could soon be introduced to the transplant clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Beckett
- Transplant Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joanna Hester
- Transplant Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fadi Issa
- Transplant Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sushma Shankar
- Transplant Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Wang A, Rojas O, Lee D, Gommerman JL. Regulation of neuroinflammation by B cells and plasma cells. Immunol Rev 2020; 299:45-60. [PMID: 33107072 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The remarkable success of anti-CD20 B cell depletion therapies in reducing the burden of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease has prompted significant interest in how B cells contribute to neuroinflammation. Most focus has been on identifying pathogenic CD20+ B cells. However, an increasing number of studies have also identified regulatory functions of B lineage cells, particularly the production of IL-10, as being associated with disease remission in anti-CD20-treated MS patients. Moreover, IL-10-producing B cells have been linked to the attenuation of inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of MS. In addition to IL-10-producing B cells, antibody-producing plasma cells (PCs) have also been implicated in suppressing neuroinflammation. This review will examine regulatory roles for B cells and PCs in MS and EAE. In addition, we speculate on the involvement of regulatory PCs and the cytokine BAFF in the context of anti-CD20 treatment. Lastly, we explore how the microbiota could influence anti-inflammatory B cell behavior. A better understanding of the contributions of different B cell subsets to the regulation of neuroinflammation, and factors that impact the development, maintenance, and migration of such subsets, will be important for rationalizing next-generation B cell-directed therapies for the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Olga Rojas
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dennis Lee
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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50
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Baba Y, Saito Y, Kotetsu Y. Heterogeneous subsets of B-lineage regulatory cells (Breg cells). Int Immunol 2020; 32:155-162. [PMID: 31630184 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
B cells represent a key cellular component of humoral immunity. Besides antigen presentation and antibody production, B cells also play a role in immune regulation and induction of tolerance through several mechanisms. Our understanding of B-lineage cells with regulatory ability has been revolutionized by the delineation of heterogeneous subsets of these cells. Specific environmental signals may further determine the polarization and function of B-lineage regulatory cells. With the availability of new genetic, molecular and pharmacological tools, considerable advances have been made toward our understanding of the surface phenotype, developmental processes and functions of these cells. These exciting discoveries, some of which are still controversial, also raise many new questions, which makes the inhibitory function of B cells a rapidly growing field in immunopathology. Here we review highlights of the regulatory activity of B cells and the recent advances in the function and phenotype of these B-cell subsets in healthy and diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Baba
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Saito
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Kotetsu
- Division of Immunology and Genome Biology, Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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