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Nagashima R, Ishikawa H, Kuno Y, Kohda C, Eshima K, Iyoda M. Group2 innate lymphoid cells ameliorate renal fibrosis and dysfunction associated with adenine-induced CKD. Cell Immunol 2024; 401-402:104828. [PMID: 38759328 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common pathway of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression involving primary kidney injury and kidney diseases. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) mediate type 2 immune responses irrespective of antigen presentation and play a reno-protective role in kidney injury and disease. In the present study, we observed a decrease in kidney-resident ILC2s in CKD and found that enrichment of ILC2s in the kidney ameliorates renal fibrosis. In CKD kidney, ILC2s preferentially produced IL-13 over IL-5 in response to IL-33 stimulation, regardless of ST2L expression. Moreover, GATA3 expression was decreased in ILC2s, and T-bet+ ILC1s and RORγt+ ILC3s were increased in CKD kidney. Adoptive transfer of kidney ILC2s into adenine-induced CKD model mouse improved renal function and fibrosis. Renal fibroblasts cultured with IL33-activated kidney ILC2s suppressed myofibroblast trans-differentiation through Acta2 and Fn-1 regulation. These results suggest that kidney ILC2s prevent CKD progression via improvement of renal fibrosis. Our findings also suggest that ILC2s may contribute to the development of new therapeutic agents and strategies for tissue fibroses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Nagashima
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Showa University School of Medicine, Japan; Division of Immunology, Department of Biosciences, Kitasato University School of Science, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Ishikawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Showa University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kuno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Showa University School of Medicine, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Chikara Kohda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Showa University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koji Eshima
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biosciences, Kitasato University School of Science, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iyoda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Showa University School of Medicine, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Japan
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2
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Luo RG, Wu YF, Lu HW, Weng D, Xu JY, Wang LL, Zhang LS, Zhao CQ, Li JX, Yu Y, Jia XM, Xu JF. Th2-skewed peripheral T-helper cells drive B-cells in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Eur Respir J 2024; 63:2400386. [PMID: 38514095 PMCID: PMC11096668 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00386-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) suffer from repeated exacerbations. The involvement of T-cell subsets remains unclear. METHODS We enrolled ABPA patients, asthma patients and healthy controls. T-helper type 1 (Th1), 2 (Th2) and 17 (Th17) cells, regulatory T-cells (Treg) and interleukin (IL)-21+CD4+T-cells in total or sorted subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and ABPA bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analysed using flow cytometry. RNA sequencing of subsets of CD4+T-cells was done in exacerbated ABPA patients and healthy controls. Antibodies of T-/B-cell co-cultures in vitro were measured. RESULTS ABPA patients had increased Th2 cells, similar numbers of Treg cells and decreased circulating Th1 and Th17 cells. IL-5+IL-13+IL-21+CD4+T-cells were rarely detected in healthy controls, but significantly elevated in the blood of ABPA patients, especially the exacerbated ones. We found that IL-5+IL-13+IL-21+CD4+T-cells were mainly peripheral T-helper (Tph) cells (PD-1+CXCR5-), which also presented in the BALF of ABPA patients. The proportions of circulating Tph cells were similar among ABPA patients, asthma patients and healthy controls, while IL-5+IL-13+IL-21+ Tph cells significantly increased in ABPA patients. Transcriptome data showed that Tph cells of ABPA patients were Th2-skewed and exhibited signatures of follicular T-helper cells. When co-cultured in vitro, Tph cells of ABPA patients induced the differentiation of autologous B-cells into plasmablasts and significantly enhanced the production of IgE. CONCLUSION We identified a distinctly elevated population of circulating Th2-skewed Tph cells that induced the production of IgE in ABPA patients. It may be a biomarker and therapeutic target for ABPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Guang Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Yi-Fan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Hai-Wen Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Dong Weng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jia-Yan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Le-Le Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Sha Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cai-Qi Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Xiong Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Ming Jia
- Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Fu Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Gazzinelli-Guimaraes PH, Dulek B, Swanson P, Lack J, Roederer M, Nutman TB. Single-cell molecular signature of pathogenic T helper subsets in type 2-associated disorders in humans. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e177720. [PMID: 38587077 PMCID: PMC11128205 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.177720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
To unravel the heterogeneity and molecular signature of effector memory Th2 cells (Tem2), we analyzed 23 individuals' PBMCs of filaria-infected (Filaria+) and 24 healthy volunteers (Filaria-), with or without coincident house dust mite (HDM) allergic sensitization. Flow cytometry revealed 3 CD4+ Tem subsets - CCR4+CCR6+CRTH2- Tem17, CCR4+CCR6-CRTH2+ Tem2, and CCR6+CCR4+CRTH2+ Tem17.2 - markedly enriched in Filaria+ individuals. These subsets were sorted and analyzed by multiomic single-cell RNA immunoprofiling. SingleR-annotated Th2 cells from Tem2 and Tem17.2 cell subsets had features of pathogenic Th2 effector cells based on their transcriptional signatures, with downregulated CD27 and elevated expression levels of ITGA4, IL17RB, HPGDS, KLRB1, PTGDR2, IL9R, IL4, IL5, and IL13 genes. When the Filaria+ individuals were subdivided based on their allergic status, Tem2 cells in HDM+Filaria+ individuals showed an overall reduction in TCR diversity, suggesting the occurrence of antigen-driven clonal expansion. Moreover, HDM+Filaria+ individuals showed not only an expansion in the frequency of both Tem2 and Tem17.2 cell subsets, but also a change in their molecular program by overexpressing GATA3, IL17RB, CLRF2, and KLRB1, as well as increased antigen-induced IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 production, suggesting that aeroallergens reshape the transcriptional and functional programming of Th2 cell subsets in human filarial infection toward a pathogenic immunophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Phillip Swanson
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Mario Roederer
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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4
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Englebert K, Taquin A, Azouz A, Acolty V, Vande Velde S, Vanhollebeke M, Innes H, Boon L, Keler T, Leo O, Goriely S, Moser M, Oldenhove G. The CD27/CD70 pathway negatively regulates visceral adipose tissue-resident Th2 cells and controls metabolic homeostasis. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113824. [PMID: 38386557 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue homeostasis relies on the interplay between several regulatory lineages, such as type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), T helper 2 (Th2) cells, regulatory T cells, eosinophils, and type 2 macrophages. Among them, ILC2s are numerically the dominant source of type 2 cytokines and are considered as major regulators of adiposity. Despite the overlap in immune effector molecules and sensitivity to alarmins (thymic stromal lymphopoietin and interleukin-33) between ILC2s and resident memory Th2 lymphocytes, the role of the adaptive axis of type 2 immunity remains unclear. We show that mice deficient in CD27, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, are more resistant to obesity and associated disorders. A comparative analysis of the CD4 compartment of both strains revealed higher numbers of fat-resident memory Th2 cells in the adipose tissue of CD27 knockout mice, which correlated with decreased programmed cell death protein 1-induced apoptosis. Our data point to a non-redundant role for Th2 lymphocytes in obesogenic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Englebert
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Immunobiology Lab, ULB, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Anaelle Taquin
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Immunobiology Lab, ULB, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Abdulkader Azouz
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), ULB, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Valérie Acolty
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Immunobiology Lab, ULB, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Vande Velde
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (ULB-VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Machine Learning Group, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie Vanhollebeke
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Immunobiology Lab, ULB, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Hadrien Innes
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Immunobiology Lab, ULB, Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | | | - Oberdan Leo
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Immunobiology Lab, ULB, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Stanislas Goriely
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Immunobiology Lab, ULB, Gosselies, Belgium; Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), ULB, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Muriel Moser
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Immunobiology Lab, ULB, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Oldenhove
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Immunobiology Lab, ULB, Gosselies, Belgium.
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5
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Joulia E, Michieletto MF, Agesta A, Peillex C, Girault V, Le Dorze AL, Peroceschi R, Bucciarelli F, Szelechowski M, Chaubet A, Hakim N, Marrocco R, Lhuillier E, Lebeurrier M, Argüello RJ, Saoudi A, El Costa H, Adoue V, Walzer T, Sarry JE, Dejean AS. Eomes-dependent mitochondrial regulation promotes survival of pathogenic CD4+ T cells during inflammation. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230449. [PMID: 38189779 PMCID: PMC10772920 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms whereby Eomes controls tissue accumulation of T cells and strengthens inflammation remain ill-defined. Here, we show that Eomes deletion in antigen-specific CD4+ T cells is sufficient to protect against central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. While Eomes is dispensable for the initial priming of CD4+ T cells, it is required for long-term maintenance of CNS-infiltrating CD4+ T cells. We reveal that the impact of Eomes on effector CD4+ T cell longevity is associated with sustained expression of multiple genes involved in mitochondrial organization and functions. Accordingly, epigenetic studies demonstrate that Eomes supports mitochondrial function by direct binding to either metabolism-associated genes or mitochondrial transcriptional modulators. Besides, the significance of these findings was confirmed in CD4+ T cells from healthy donors and multiple sclerosis patients. Together, our data reveal a new mechanism by which Eomes promotes severity and chronicity of inflammation via the enhancement of CD4+ T cell mitochondrial functions and resistance to stress-induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Joulia
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Michaël F. Michieletto
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arantxa Agesta
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Cindy Peillex
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Girault
- Suivi Immunologique des Thérapeutiques Innovantes, Pôle de Biologie, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
- UMR1236, University of Rennes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Etablissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Anne-Louise Le Dorze
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Romain Peroceschi
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Bucciarelli
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Szelechowski
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Adeline Chaubet
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Nawad Hakim
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémi Marrocco
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Emeline Lhuillier
- GeT-Santé, Plateforme Génome et Transcriptome, GenoToul, Toulouse, France
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Manuel Lebeurrier
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Rafael J. Argüello
- Aix Marseille University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Abdelhadi Saoudi
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Hicham El Costa
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Veronique Adoue
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Walzer
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, UMR1037, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne S. Dejean
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1291, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR5051, Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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6
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Kumagai J, Kiuchi M, Kokubo K, Yagyu H, Nemoto M, Tsuji K, Nagahata K, Sasaki A, Hishiya T, Onoue M, Shinmi R, Sonobe Y, Iinuma T, Yonekura S, Shinga J, Hanazawa T, Koseki H, Nakayama T, Yokote K, Hirahara K. The USP7-STAT3-granzyme-Par-1 axis regulates allergic inflammation by promoting differentiation of IL-5-producing Th2 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302903120. [PMID: 38015852 PMCID: PMC10710068 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302903120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled type 2 immunity by type 2 helper T (Th2) cells causes intractable allergic diseases; however, whether the interaction of CD4+ T cells shapes the pathophysiology of allergic diseases remains unclear. We identified a subset of Th2 cells that produced the serine proteases granzyme A and B early in differentiation. Granzymes cleave protease-activated receptor (Par)-1 and induce phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), resulting in the enhanced production of IL-5 and IL-13 in both mouse and human Th2 cells. Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) regulates IL-4-induced phosphorylation of STAT3, resulting in granzyme production during Th2 cell differentiation. Genetic deletion of Usp7 or Gzma and pharmacological blockade of granzyme B ameliorated allergic airway inflammation. Furthermore, PAR-1+ and granzyme+ Th2 cells were colocalized in nasal polyps from patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Thus, the USP7-STAT3-granzymes-Par-1 pathway is a potential therapeutic target for intractable allergic diseases.
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Grants
- JP19H05650 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 20H03685 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 17K08876 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 18K07164 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 19K16683 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 21H05121 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 19K23858 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 22K15485 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP21H05120 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP20ek0410060 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- JP22ek0410092 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- JP20gm1210003 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- JPMJFR200R JST FORREST program
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kumagai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kiuchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Kota Kokubo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yagyu
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nemoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Kaori Tsuji
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Ken Nagahata
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo060-8556, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sasaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Takahisa Hishiya
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Miki Onoue
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Rie Shinmi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuri Sonobe
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Iinuma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Syuji Yonekura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Jun Shinga
- Laboratory for Immunotherapy, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa230-0045, Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Hanazawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Koseki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
- Chiba University Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development, Chiba University, Chiba260-8670, Japan
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7
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Zielinski CE. T helper cell subsets: diversification of the field. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250218. [PMID: 36792132 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Polarized T helper cell (Th cell) responses are important determinants of host protection. Th cell subsets tailor their functional repertoire of cytokines to their cognate antigens to efficiently contribute to their clearance. In contrast, in settings of immune abrogation, these polarized cytokine patterns of Th cells can mediate tissue damage and pathology resulting in allergy or autoimmunity. Recent technological developments in single-cell genomics and proteomics as well as advances in the high-dimensional bioinformatic analysis of complex datasets have challenged the prevailing Th cell subset classification into Th1, Th2, Th17, and other subsets. Additionally, systems immunology approaches have revealed that instructive input from the peripheral tissue microenvironment can have differential effects on the overall phenotype and molecular wiring of Th cells depending on their spatial distribution. Th cells from the blood or secondary lymphoid organs are therefore expected to follow distinct rules of regulation. In this review, the functional heterogeneity of Th cell subsets will be reviewed in the context of new technological developments and T-cell compartmentalization in tissue niches. This work will especially focus on challenges to the traditional boundaries of Th cell subsets and will discuss the underlying regulatory checkpoints, which could reveal new therapeutic strategies for various immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E Zielinski
- Department of Infection Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Products Research and Infection Biology, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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8
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Donoghue LJ, McFadden KM, Vargas D, Smith GJ, Immormino RM, Moran TP, Kelada SNP. Collaborative cross strain CC011/UncJ as a novel mouse model of T2-high, severe asthma. Respir Res 2023; 24:153. [PMID: 37296458 PMCID: PMC10251525 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02453-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Among asthmatics, there is significant heterogeneity in the clinical presentation and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, leading to the recognition of multiple disease endotypes (e.g., T2-high vs. T2-low). This heterogeneity extends to severe asthmatics, who may struggle to control symptoms even with high-dose corticosteroid treatment and other therapies. However, there are limited mouse models available to model the spectrum of severe asthma endotypes. We sought to identify a new mouse model of severe asthma by first examining responses to chronic allergen exposure among strains from the Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse genetics reference population, which contains greater genetic diversity than other inbred strain panels previously used for models of asthma. Mice from five CC strains and the often-used classical inbred strain BALB/cJ were chronically exposed to house dust mite (HDM) allergen for five weeks followed by measurements of airway inflammation. CC strain CC011/UncJ (CC011) exhibited extreme responses to HDM including high levels of airway eosinophilia, elevated lung resistance, and extensive airway wall remodeling, and even fatalities among ~ 50% of mice prior to study completion. Compared to BALB/cJ mice, CC011 mice had stronger Th2-mediated airway responses demonstrated by significantly elevated total and HDM-specific IgE and increased Th2 cytokines during tests of antigen recall, but not enhanced ILC2 activation. Airway eosinophilia in CC011 mice was completely dependent upon CD4+ T-cells. Notably, we also found that airway eosinophilia in CC011 mice was resistant to dexamethasone steroid treatment. Thus, the CC011 strain provides a new mouse model of T2-high, severe asthma driven by natural genetic variation likely acting through CD4+ T-cells. Future studies aimed at determining the genetic basis of this phenotype will provide new insights into mechanisms underlying severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Donoghue
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kathryn M McFadden
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Vargas
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gregory J Smith
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Robert M Immormino
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Timothy P Moran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samir N P Kelada
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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9
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Regulation of CD4 T Cell Responses by the Transcription Factor Eomesodermin. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111549. [PMID: 36358898 PMCID: PMC9687629 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Central to the impacts of CD4 T cells, both positive in settings of infectious disease and cancer and negative in the settings of autoimmunity and allergy, is their ability to differentiate into distinct effector subsets with specialized functions. The programming required to support such responses is largely dictated by lineage-specifying transcription factors, often called ‘master regulators’. However, it is increasingly clear that many aspects of CD4 T cell immunobiology that can determine the outcomes of disease states involve a broader transcriptional network. Eomesodermin (Eomes) is emerging as an important member of this class of transcription factors. While best studied in CD8 T cells and NK cells, an increasing body of work has focused on impacts of Eomes expression in CD4 T cell responses in an array of different settings. Here, we focus on the varied impacts reported in these studies that, together, indicate the potential of targeting Eomes expression in CD4 T cells as a strategy to improve a variety of clinical outcomes.
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10
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Arai H, Kouzaki H, Murao T, Nakamura K, Kawakita K, Matsumoto K, Kikuoka H, Yuta A, Shimizu T. Sublingual immunotherapy with Japanese cedar pollen extract induces apoptosis of memory CD4 + T cells. Clin Exp Allergy 2022; 52:974-978. [PMID: 35675128 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kouzaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takuya Murao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Keigo Nakamura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kento Kawakita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Koji Matsumoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Yuta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.,Yuta Clinic, Mie, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimizu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
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11
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Nakajima T, Kanno T, Yokoyama S, Sasamoto S, Asou HK, Tumes DJ, Ohara O, Nakayama T, Endo Y. ACC1-expressing pathogenic T helper 2 cell populations facilitate lung and skin inflammation in mice. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20210639. [PMID: 34813654 PMCID: PMC8614157 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells possess distinguishing effector functions and drive inflammatory disorders. We have previously identified IL-5-producing Th2 cells as the pathogenic population predominantly involved in the pathology of allergic inflammation. However, the cell-intrinsic signaling pathways that control the pathogenic Th2 cell function are still unclear. We herein report the high expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) in the pathogenic CD4+ T cell population in the lung and skin. The genetic deletion of CD4+ T cell-intrinsic ACC1 dampened eosinophilic and basophilic inflammation in the lung and skin by constraining IL-5 or IL-3 production. Mechanistically, ACC1-dependent fatty acid biosynthesis induces the pathogenic cytokine production of CD4+ T cells via metabolic reprogramming and the availability of acetyl-CoA for epigenetic regulation. We thus identified a distinct phenotype of the pathogenic T cell population in the lung and skin, and ACC1 was shown to be an essential regulator controlling the pathogenic function of these populations to promote type 2 inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Nakajima
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshio Kanno
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoru Yokoyama
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigemi Sasamoto
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hikari K. Asou
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Damon J. Tumes
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Department of Applied Genomics Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Endo
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Omics Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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12
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Kestose-enriched fructo-oligosaccharide alleviates atopic dermatitis by modulating the gut microbiome and immune response. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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13
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Nakayama T, Hirahara K, Kimura MY, Iwamura C, Kiuchi M, Kokubo K, Onodera A, Hashimoto K, Motohashi S. CD4 + T cells in inflammatory diseases : pathogenic T-helper cells and the CD69-Myl9 system. Int Immunol 2021; 33:699-704. [PMID: 34427648 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxab053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4 + T cells direct immune responses against infectious microorganisms but are also involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. In the last two to three decades, various researchers have identified and characterized several functional CD4 + T cell subsets, including T-helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th9 and Th17 cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells. In this mini-review, we introduce the concept of pathogenic Th cells that induce inflammatory diseases with a model of disease induction by a population of pathogenic Th cells; "pathogenic Th population disease-induction model". We will focus on Th2 cells that induce allergic airway inflammation-pathogenic Th2 cells (Tpath2 cells)-and discuss the nature of Tpath2 cells that shape the pathology of chronic inflammatory diseases. Various Tpath2 cell subsets have been identified and their unique features are summarized in mouse and human systems. Second, we will discuss how Th cells migrate and are maintained in chronic inflammatory lesions. We propose a model known as the "CD69-Myl9 system". CD69 is a cell surface molecule expressed on activated T cells and interaction with its ligand myosin light chain 9 (Myl9) is required for the induction of inflammatory diseases. Myl9 molecules in the small vessels of inflamed lungs may play a crucial role in the migration of activated T cells into inflammatory lesions. Emerging evidence may provide new insight into the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases and contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for intractable inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.,AMED-CREST, AMED, Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motoko Y Kimura
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chiaki Iwamura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kiuchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kota Kokubo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Onodera
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kahoko Hashimoto
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Tsudanuma, Narashino-city, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Motohashi
- Department of Medical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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14
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Brown IK, Dyjack N, Miller MM, Krovi H, Rios C, Woolaver R, Harmacek L, Tu TH, O’Connor BP, Danhorn T, Vestal B, Gapin L, Pinilla C, Seibold MA, Scott-Browne J, Santos RG, Reinhardt RL. Single cell analysis of host response to helminth infection reveals the clonal breadth, heterogeneity, and tissue-specific programming of the responding CD4+ T cell repertoire. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009602. [PMID: 34106992 PMCID: PMC8216541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD4+ T cell response is critical to host protection against helminth infection. How this response varies across different hosts and tissues remains an important gap in our understanding. Using IL-4-reporter mice to identify responding CD4+ T cells to Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection, T cell receptor sequencing paired with novel clustering algorithms revealed a broadly reactive and clonally diverse CD4+ T cell response. While the most prevalent clones and clonotypes exhibited some tissue selectivity, most were observed to reside in both the lung and lung-draining lymph nodes. Antigen-reactivity of the broader repertoires was predicted to be shared across both tissues and individual mice. Transcriptome, trajectory, and chromatin accessibility analysis of lung and lymph-node repertoires revealed three unique but related populations of responding IL-4+ CD4+ T cells consistent with T follicular helper, T helper 2, and a transitional population sharing similarity with both populations. The shared antigen reactivity of lymph node and lung repertoires combined with the adoption of tissue-specific gene programs allows for the pairing of cellular and humoral responses critical to the orchestration of anti-helminth immunity. Using various “omic” approaches, the CD4+ T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire was explored after primary helminth infection. Infection generated a broadly reactive and clonally diverse CD4+ T cell response with the most prevalent clonotypes and predicted antigen specificities residing in both the lung and lung-draining lymph nodes. Tissue-specific programming of responding CD4+ T cells directed the establishment of committed Tfh and Th2 cells, both critical for driving distinct hallmarks of type-2 inflammation. These datasets help to explore the diverse yet tissue-specific nature of anti-helminth immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy K. Brown
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Nathan Dyjack
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Mindy M. Miller
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Harsha Krovi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Cydney Rios
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Rachel Woolaver
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Laura Harmacek
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Ting-Hui Tu
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Brian P. O’Connor
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Thomas Danhorn
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Brian Vestal
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Laurent Gapin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Clemencia Pinilla
- Florida International University, Port Saint Lucie, Florida, United States of America
| | - Max A. Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - James Scott-Browne
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Radleigh G. Santos
- Department of Mathematics, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
| | - R. Lee Reinhardt
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Bertschi NL, Bazzini C, Schlapbach C. The Concept of Pathogenic TH2 Cells: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2021. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2021; 182:365-380. [PMID: 33845475 DOI: 10.1159/000515144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper (TH) cells have evolved into distinct subsets that mediate specific immune responses to protect the host against a myriad of infectious and noninfectious challenges. However, if dysregulated, TH-cell subsets can cause inflammatory disease. Emerging evidence now suggests that human allergic disease is caused by a distinct subpopulation of pathogenic TH2 cells. Pathogenic TH2 cells from different type-2-driven diseases share a core phenotype and show overlapping functional attributes. The unique differentiation requirements, activating signals, and metabolic characteristics of pathogenic TH2 cells are just being discovered. A better knowledge of this particular TH2 cell population will enable the specific targeting of disease-driving pathways in allergy. In this review, we introduce a rational for classifying TH cells into distinct subsets, discuss the current knowledge on pathogenic TH2 cells, and summarize their involvement in allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Bertschi
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cecilia Bazzini
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Schlapbach
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Hirahara K, Aoki A, Nakayama T. Pathogenic helper T cells. Allergol Int 2021; 70:169-173. [PMID: 33637414 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intractable chronic inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune diseases, autoinflammatory diseases and allergic diseases, are caused by disruption or failure of the immune system. Pathogenic immune cells are presumed to be closely related to the pathogenesis of intractable diseases, but the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases remain unclear. The balance between the T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cell fractions has been believed to be responsible for the differences among inflammatory diseases. However, an analysis of the cells infiltrating inflammatory lesions in mice and humans revealed the generation of pathogenic Th cells with different characteristics at the memory T-cell stage in the peripheral tissues in various inflammatory diseases. In this review, we will summarize and discuss recent progress regarding the characteristics of pathogenic Th cells, their mode of action, and the molecular mechanisms that regulate the pathology of intractable chronic inflammatory diseases, particularly those with tissue fibrosis. We hope this article will help clarify the pathogenesis of these diseases and propose a future direction for research.
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17
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Rahimi RA, Nepal K, Cetinbas M, Sadreyev RI, Luster AD. Distinct functions of tissue-resident and circulating memory Th2 cells in allergic airway disease. J Exp Med 2021; 217:151886. [PMID: 32579670 PMCID: PMC7478729 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory CD4+ T helper type 2 (Th2) cells drive allergic asthma, yet the mechanisms whereby tissue-resident memory Th2 (Th2 Trm) cells and circulating memory Th2 cells collaborate in vivo remain unclear. Using a house dust mite (HDM) model of allergic asthma and parabiosis, we demonstrate that Th2 Trm cells and circulating memory Th2 cells perform nonredundant functions. Upon HDM rechallenge, circulating memory Th2 cells trafficked into the lung parenchyma and ignited perivascular inflammation to promote eosinophil and CD4+ T cell recruitment. In contrast, Th2 Trm cells proliferated near airways and induced mucus metaplasia, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway eosinophil activation. Transcriptional analysis revealed that Th2 Trm cells and circulating memory Th2 cells share a core Th2 gene signature but also exhibit distinct transcriptional profiles. Th2 Trm cells express a tissue-adaptation signature, including genes involved in regulating and interacting with extracellular matrix. Our findings demonstrate that Th2 Trm cells and circulating memory Th2 cells are functionally and transcriptionally distinct subsets with unique roles in promoting allergic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rod A Rahimi
- Airway Immunity Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Keshav Nepal
- Airway Immunity Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Murat Cetinbas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ruslan I Sadreyev
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew D Luster
- Airway Immunity Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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18
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Okunishi K, Wang H, Suzukawa M, Ishizaki R, Kobayashi E, Kihara M, Abe T, Miyazaki JI, Horie M, Saito A, Saito H, Nakae S, Izumi T. Exophilin-5 regulates allergic airway inflammation by controlling IL-33-mediated Th2 responses. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:3919-3935. [PMID: 32240120 DOI: 10.1172/jci127839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A common variant in the RAB27A gene in adults was recently found to be associated with the fractional exhaled nitric oxide level, a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation. The small GTPase Rab27 is known to regulate intracellular vesicle traffic, although its role in allergic responses is unclear. We demonstrated that exophilin-5, a Rab27-binding protein, was predominantly expressed in both of the major IL-33 producers, lung epithelial cells, and the specialized IL-5 and IL-13 producers in the CD44hiCD62LloCXCR3lo pathogenic Th2 cell population in mice. Exophilin-5 deficiency increased stimulant-dependent damage and IL-33 secretion by lung epithelial cells. Moreover, it enhanced IL-5 and IL-13 production in response to TCR and IL-33 stimulation from a specific subset of pathogenic Th2 cells that expresses a high level of IL-33 receptor, which exacerbated allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. Mechanistically, exophilin-5 regulates extracellular superoxide release, intracellular ROS production, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity by controlling intracellular trafficking of Nox2-containing vesicles, which seems to prevent the overactivation of pathogenic Th2 cells mediated by IL-33. This is the first report to our knowledge to establish the significance of the Rab27-related protein exophilin-5 in the development of allergic airway inflammation, and provides insights into the pathophysiology of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhide Okunishi
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Maho Suzukawa
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ray Ishizaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Eri Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Miho Kihara
- Laboratory for Animal Resource Development and
| | - Takaya Abe
- Laboratory for Animal Resource Development and.,Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Miyazaki
- Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Horie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Saito
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Nakae
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Izumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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19
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Kataoka H, Tomita T, Kondo M, Mukai M. Presence of purpura is related to active inflammation in association with IL-5 in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Rheumatol Int 2020; 41:449-454. [PMID: 32770271 PMCID: PMC7835155 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-020-04672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a relatively rare necrotizing vasculitis that causes asthma, nasal involvement, peripheral nerve disturbance, renal disorder, and cutaneous lesions like purpura and is characterized by eosinophil infiltration into the damaged tissue. Purpura is the most common cutaneous lesion, but it remains unknown whether this skin lesion is associated with disease activity of EGPA and laboratory data including interleukin (IL)-5, a target cytokine of this disease. We conducted a search of our hospital electronic records for cases of EGPA from the last 10 years. Symptoms related to EGPA (fever, asthma, nasal and cutaneous manifestations, neuropathy), the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS), and laboratory parameters, such as eosinophil count, urinalysis, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), CRP, IgE and IL-5, before and during treatment were compared among the eligible cases. A total of 28 EGPA patients (21 females and 7 males) were selected. Almost all developed peripheral neuropathy. Fever occurred in 25%, nasal symptoms in 38.1% and purpura in 44%. Glomerulonephritis developed in 7.7%. One patient had cardiac involvement (3.6%). The laboratory data showed a marked increase in peripheral eosinophil count, CRP, serum IgE and serum IL-5. ANCA was positive in 15.4%. In the univariate analysis, presence of purpura was associated with increased CRP and IL-5, and high BVAS score. Multivariate analysis revealed a robust relationship between purpura and CRP. Our findings showed that presence of purpura was associated with increased CRP and IL-5, and high disease activity in EGPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kataoka
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Tomita
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kondo
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaya Mukai
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
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20
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Micossé C, von Meyenn L, Steck O, Kipfer E, Adam C, Simillion C, Seyed Jafari SM, Olah P, Yawlkar N, Simon D, Borradori L, Kuchen S, Yerly D, Homey B, Conrad C, Snijder B, Schmidt M, Schlapbach C. Human "T H9" cells are a subpopulation of PPAR-γ + T H2 cells. Sci Immunol 2020; 4:4/31/eaat5943. [PMID: 30658968 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aat5943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although TH1, TH2, and TH17 cells are well-defined TH cell lineages in humans, it remains debated whether IL-9-producing TH cells represent a bona fide "TH9" lineage. Our understanding of the cellular characteristics and functions of IL-9-producing TH cells in humans is still nascent. Here, we report that human IL-9-producing TH cells express the chemokine receptors CCR4 and CCR8, produce high levels of IL-5 and IL-13, and express TH2 lineage-associated transcription factors. In these cells, IL-9 production is activation dependent, transient, and accompanied by down-regulation of TH2 cytokines, leading to an apparent "TH9" phenotype. IL-9+ TH2 cells can be distinguished from "conventional" TH2 cells based on their expression of the transcription factor PPAR-γ. Accordingly, PPAR-γ is induced in naïve TH cells by priming with IL-4 and TGF-β ("TH9" priming) and is required for IL-9 production. In line with their identity as early activated TH2 cells, IL-9+ TH2 cells are found in acute allergic skin inflammation in humans. We propose that IL-9-producing TH cells are a phenotypically and functionally distinct subpopulation of TH2 cells that depend on PPAR-γ for full effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Micossé
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Leonhard von Meyenn
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Steck
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Enja Kipfer
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian Adam
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cedric Simillion
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Morteza Seyed Jafari
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Olah
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nikhil Yawlkar
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luca Borradori
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Kuchen
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Yerly
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Homey
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Curdin Conrad
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Berend Snijder
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Schlapbach
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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21
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Qin W, Duan J, Xie X, Kang J, Deng T, Chen M. Exposure to diisononyl phthalate promotes atopic march by activating of NF-κB and p38 MAPK. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 395:114981. [PMID: 32240662 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.114981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
What factors and underlying mechanisms influence the occurrence of the atopic march remain unclear. Recent studies suggest that exposure to diisononyl phthalate (DINP) might be associated with the occurrence of atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma. However, little is known about the role of DINP exposure in the atopic march. In this study, we investigated the effect of DINP exposure on the progression from AD to asthma, and explored the potential mechanisms. We built an atopic march mouse model from AD to asthma, by exposure to DINP and sensitization with OVA. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate and SB203580 were used to block NF-κB and p38 MAPK respectively, to explore the possible molecular mechanisms. The data showed that DINP aggravated airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness (AhR) in the progression from AD to asthma, induced a sharp increase in IL-33, IgE, Th2 and Th17 cytokines, and resulted in an increase in the expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and in the number of inflammatory cells. Blocking NF-κB inhibited AD-like lesions, and the production of IL-33 and TSLP in the progression of AD, while alleviating airway remodeling, AhR, and the expression of Th2 and Th17 cytokines in both the progression of AD and the asthmatic phenotype. Blocking p38 MAPK in the progression of asthma, inhibited airway remodeling, AhR, and the expression of Th2 and Th17 cytokines. The results demonstrated that exposure to DINP enhanced the immune response to memory CD4+ T helper cells through the NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, leading to an aggravation of the atopic march.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Jiufei Duan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoman Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Kang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, China.
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22
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Madireddy L, Patsopoulos NA, Cotsapas C, Bos SD, Beecham A, McCauley J, Kim K, Jia X, Santaniello A, Caillier SJ, Andlauer TFM, Barcellos LF, Berge T, Bernardinelli L, Martinelli-Boneschi F, Booth DR, Briggs F, Celius EG, Comabella M, Comi G, Cree BAC, D’Alfonso S, Dedham K, Duquette P, Dardiotis E, Esposito F, Fontaine B, Gasperi C, Goris A, Dubois B, Gourraud PA, Hadjigeorgiou G, Haines J, Hawkins C, Hemmer B, Hintzen R, Horakova D, Isobe N, Kalra S, Kira JI, Khalil M, Kockum I, Lill CM, Lincoln M, Luessi F, Martin R, Oturai A, Palotie A, Pericak-Vance MA, Henry R, Saarela J, Ivinson A, Olsson T, Taylor BV, Stewart GJ, Harbo HF, Compston A, Hauser SL, Hafler DA, Zipp F, De Jager P, Sawcer S, Oksenberg JR, Baranzini SE. A systems biology approach uncovers cell-specific gene regulatory effects of genetic associations in multiple sclerosis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2236. [PMID: 31110181 PMCID: PMC6527683 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 50,000 unique associations with common human traits. While this represents a substantial step forward, establishing the biology underlying these associations has proven extremely difficult. Even determining which cell types and which particular gene(s) are relevant continues to be a challenge. Here, we conduct a cell-specific pathway analysis of the latest GWAS in multiple sclerosis (MS), which had analyzed a total of 47,351 cases and 68,284 healthy controls and found more than 200 non-MHC genome-wide associations. Our analysis identifies pan immune cell as well as cell-specific susceptibility genes in T cells, B cells and monocytes. Finally, genotype-level data from 2,370 patients and 412 controls is used to compute intra-individual and cell-specific susceptibility pathways that offer a biological interpretation of the individual genetic risk to MS. This approach could be adopted in any other complex trait for which genome-wide data is available.
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23
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Hirahara K. Pathogenicity of acquired immunity in human diseases. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41:279-281. [PMID: 31065764 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00739-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. .,AMED-PRIME, AMED, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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24
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Mediators of the homeostasis and effector functions of memory Th2 cells as novel drug targets in intractable chronic allergic diseases. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:754-765. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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25
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Nguyen QP, Deng TZ, Witherden DA, Goldrath AW. Origins of CD4 + circulating and tissue-resident memory T-cells. Immunology 2019; 157:3-12. [PMID: 30897205 PMCID: PMC6459775 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to infection, naive CD4+ T-cells proliferate and differentiate into several possible effector subsets, including conventional T helper effector cells (TH 1, TH 2, TH 17), T regulatory cells (Treg ) and T follicular helper cells (TFH ). Once infection is cleared, a small population of long-lived memory cells remains that mediate immune defenses against reinfection. Memory T lymphocytes have classically been categorized into central memory cell (TCM ) and effector memory cell (TEM ) subsets, both of which circulate between blood, secondary lymphoid organs and in some cases non-lymphoid tissues. A third subset of memory cells, referred to as tissue-resident memory cells (TRM ), resides in tissues without recirculation, serving as 'first line' of defense at barrier sites, such as skin, lung and intestinal mucosa, and augmenting innate immunity in the earliest phases of reinfection and recruiting circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. The presence of multiple CD4+ T helper subsets has complicated studies of CD4+ memory T-cell differentiation, and the mediators required to support their function. In this review, we summarize recent investigations into the origins of CD4+ memory T-cell populations and discuss studies addressing CD4+ TRM differentiation in barrier tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh P. Nguyen
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Tianda Z. Deng
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | | | - Ananda W. Goldrath
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
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26
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Stressed: The Unfolded Protein Response in T Cell Development, Activation, and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071792. [PMID: 30978945 PMCID: PMC6479341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a highly conserved pathway that allows cells to respond to stress in the endoplasmic reticulum caused by an accumulation of misfolded and unfolded protein. This is of great importance to secretory cells because, in order for proteins to traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), they need to be folded appropriately. While a wealth of literature has implicated UPR in immune responses, less attention has been given to the role of UPR in T cell development and function. This review discusses the importance of UPR in T cell development, homeostasis, activation, and effector functions. We also speculate about how UPR may be manipulated in T cells to ameliorate pathologies.
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27
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Kim JH, Kim K, Kanjanasuntree R, Kim W. Kazachstania turicensis CAU Y1706 ameliorates atopic dermatitis by regulation of the gut-skin axis. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:2854-2862. [PMID: 30738679 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) causes chronic inflammatory skin disease that results in a considerable economic expense and social burden. Certain Lactobacillus strains ameliorate AD, but the effects of probiotic yeast on AD have not been investigated to date. In this study, we isolated Kazachstania turicensis CAU Y1706, commonly known as a kefir yeast, and evaluated its mitigating effects using an ovalbumin-sensitized AD mouse model. Overall, K. turicensis CAU Y1706 was generally effective against AD. Oral administration of K. turicensis CAU Y1706 suppressed T helper type 2 immune response factors by regulatory T cells and upregulation of T helper type 1 cytokine levels. Kazachstania turicensis CAU Y1706 also reduced IgE levels as well as the number of eosinophil and mast cells. Furthermore, feces from K. turicensis CAU Y1706-treated mice had more butyrate-producing bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, and Akkermansia, although the level of Fecalibacterium was significantly reduced. Therefore, K. turicensis CAU Y1706 modulates immune responses as well as gut microbiota, thus indicating that it has potential for application as a supplement for alleviation of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hwa Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyoung Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Rungravee Kanjanasuntree
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Cream Cheese-Derived Lactococcus chungangensis CAU 28 Modulates the Gut Microbiota and Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis in BALB/c Mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:446. [PMID: 30679532 PMCID: PMC6345912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36864-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) has a drastic impact on human health owing to complex skin, gut microbiota, and immune responses. Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are effective in ameliorating AD; however, the alleviative effects of dairy products derived from these LAB remain unclear. In this study, the efficacies of Lactococcus chungangensis CAU 28 (CAU 28) cream cheese and L. chungangensis CAU 28 dry cells were evaluated for treating AD in an AD mouse model. Overall, CAU 28 cream cheese administration was more effective against AD than L. chungangensis CAU 28 dry cells. Faeces from CAU 28 cream cheese-administered mice had increased short chain fatty acid, butyrate, acetate, and lactic acid levels, as well as butyrate-producing bacteria, including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Ruminococcus. Furthermore, oral CAU 28 cream cheese administration resulted in regulatory T cell (Treg)-mediated suppression of T helper type 2 (Th2) immune responses in serum and mRNA expression levels in the ileum. Oral CAU 28 cream cheese further reduced IgE levels, in addition to eosinophil and mast cell numbers. Therefore, CAU 28 cream cheese administration induced a coordinated immune response involving short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota, indicating its potential for use as a supplement for AD mitigation.
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29
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Onodera A, Kokubo K, Nakayama T. Epigenetic and Transcriptional Regulation in the Induction, Maintenance, Heterogeneity, and Recall-Response of Effector and Memory Th2 Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2929. [PMID: 30619290 PMCID: PMC6299044 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen-primed T cells respond to restimulation much faster than naïve T cells and form the cellular basis of immunological memory. The formation of memory Th2 cells starts when naïve CD4 T cells are transformed into effector Th2 cells and is completed after antigen clearance and a long-term resting phase accompanied by epigenetic changes in the Th2 signature genes. Memory Th2 cells maintain their functions and acquired heterogeneity through epigenetic machinery, on which the recall-response of memory Th2 cells is also dependent. We provide an overview of the epigenetics in the whole Th2 cell cycle, mainly focusing on two different histone lysine methyltransferase complexes: the Polycomb and Trithorax groups. We finally discuss the pathophysiology and potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of Th2-mediated inflammatory diseases in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Onodera
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Institue for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kota Kokubo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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30
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Lu Y, Kared H, Tan SW, Becht E, Newell EW, Van Bever HPS, Ng TP, Larbi A. Dynamics of helper CD4 T cells during acute and stable allergic asthma. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1640-1652. [PMID: 30087444 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Asthma comprises heterogeneous clinical subtypes driven by diverse pathophysiological mechanisms. We characterized the modulation of the inflammatory environment with the phenotype, gene expression, and function of helper CD4 T cells among acutely exacerbated and stable asthma patients. Systemic Th2 immune deviation (IgE and Th2 cytokines) and inflammation (IL-6, CRP) were associated with increased Th17 cells during acute asthma. Th2/Th17 cell differentiation during acute asthma was regulated by the enhanced expression of transcription factors (c-MAF, IRF-4). The development of pathogenic Th2 cells during acute asthma was characterized by the secretion of inflammatory cytokines coupled with Th2 molecules and PPARγ expression. The acquisition of CD15S, CD39, CD101, and CCR4 contributed to the increased heterogeneity of Regulatory T cells during asthma. Two clusters were derived from above cytokines, CD4 T cell phenotypes, and clinical data. Cluster 1, characterized by high eosinophils, Th2 and ILC2 frequencies, and higher exacerbation rates, may represent Th2-high subtype. Cluster 2 represents a more complex subtype; it is constituted by higher neutrophils or Th17 frequencies, higher inhaled corticosteroids dose and poor asthma control. In conclusion, we characterized systematically and longitudinally Th2-high and non-Th2 asthma subtypes and the heterogeneity of CD4 T cells in stable and acute asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Lu
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry/School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hassen Kared
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu Wen Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Etienne Becht
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Evan W Newell
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hugo P S Van Bever
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze Pin Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Immunos Building at Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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31
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Yamamoto M, Takano KI, Kamekura R, Aochi S, Suzuki C, Ichimiya S, Nakase H, Himi T, Takahashi H. Interleukin 5-producing ST2 + memory Th2 cells in IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis. Mod Rheumatol 2018; 29:856-860. [PMID: 30354922 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2018.1526357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is often complicated by allergic disorders. This study was conducted to investigate the mechanism of type 2 helper T-inflammation (Th2-inflammation) in IgG4-related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis (IgG4-DS). Methods: We separated and analyzed the proportion of growth stimulation expressed gene 2 (ST2)+ memory Th2 cells among the peripheral blood mononuclear cells by flow cytometry in cases with IgG4-DS and healthy individuals. Finally, we identified the role of ST2+ memory Th2 cells in the involved tissues. Results: The proportion of circulating ST2+ memory Th2 cells was much higher in the patients with IgG4-DS than in the healthy controls. Abundant infiltration of ST2+ memory Th2 cells was detected in the involved salivary glands and lymph nodes, and these cells produced interleukin-5. Conclusion: We demonstrated that there is an increase of interleukin-5 producing ST2+ memory Th2 cells in the involved tissues in IgG4-DS. This subset of cells is considered to be an important player in inducing the inflammatory Th2 environment characteristic of IgG4-DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohisa Yamamoto
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Takano
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Ryuta Kamekura
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University , Hokkaido , Japan.,Department of Human Immunology, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Satsuki Aochi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japan Self Defense Force Sapporo Hospital , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Chisako Suzuki
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Shingo Ichimiya
- Department of Human Immunology, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakase
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Tetsuo Himi
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University , Hokkaido , Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University , Hokkaido , Japan
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32
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DUSP10 constrains innate IL-33-mediated cytokine production in ST2 hi memory-type pathogenic Th2 cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4231. [PMID: 30315197 PMCID: PMC6185962 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06468-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
ST2hi memory-type Th2 cells are identified as a pathogenic subpopulation in eosinophilic airway inflammation. These ST2hi pathogenic Th2 cells produce large amount of IL-5 upon T cell receptor stimulation, but not in response to IL-33 treatment. By contrast, IL-33 alone induces cytokine production in ST2+ group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2). Here we show that a MAPK phosphatase Dusp10 is a key negative regulator of IL-33-induced cytokine production in Th2 cells. In this regard, Dusp10 is expressed by ST2hi pathogenic Th2 cells but not by ILC2, and Dusp10 expression inhibits IL-33-induced cytokine production. Mechanistically, this inhibition is mediated by DUSP10-mediated dephosphorylation and inactivation of p38 MAPK, resulting in reduced GATA3 activity. The deletion of Dusp10 renders ST2hi Th2 cells capable of producing IL-5 by IL-33 stimulation. Our data thus suggest that DUSP10 restricts IL-33-induced cytokine production in ST2hi pathogenic Th2 cells by controlling p38-GATA3 activity. T helper 2 (Th2) cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) respond differently to interleukin-33 (IL-33) stimulation. Here the authors show that a phosphatase, Dusp10, is expressed in Th2, but not ILC2, to dephosphorylate p38 kinase, reduce GATA3 transcription factor activity, and suppress the induction of IL-5 in response to IL-33.
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Ihara F, Sakurai D, Yonekura S, Iinuma T, Yagi R, Sakurai T, Ito T, Matsuura A, Morimoto Y, Arai T, Suzuki S, Katayama K, Nakayama T, Okamoto Y. Identification of specifically reduced Th2 cell subsets in allergic rhinitis patients after sublingual immunotherapy. Allergy 2018. [PMID: 29517806 DOI: 10.1111/all.13436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Th2 cells are well known to play important roles in allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis (AR), the factors that induce and sustain the pathogenesis of AR remain unclear. The recent development of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is expected to allow changes to the underlying pathogenesis of AR. However, which Th2 cell subsets are important in house dust mite-induced AR (HDM-AR), the influence of SLIT on the pathogenic Th2 cells, and the association of Th2 cell subsets with SLIT efficacy have not been clarified. METHODS The cytokine production and frequency of HDM-reactive T-cell subsets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were evaluated using flow cytometry in 89 HDM-AR patients (placebo [n = 43] and HDM 300 IR [n = 46]) who participated in a placebo-controlled study of SLIT with HDM tablets. All patients provided samples both before treatment as a baseline and at the end of the 52-week study. The PBMCs were stained with CellTrace™ Violet (CTV) before culture with HDM extract, and HDM-reactive T cells were detected as the proliferated cells with diminished CTV. RESULTS HDM-reactive IL-5+ IL-13+ CD27- CD161+ CD4+ cells and ST2+ CD45RO+ CD4+ cells were observed in the peripheral blood from each patient with HDM-AR; these cells significantly decreased after SLIT in the group treated with active tablets. HDM-reactive ST2+ CD45RO+ CD4+ cells were significantly lower in active-responders. CONCLUSION Allergen-reactive ST2+ CD45RO+ CD4+ cells or those combined with IL-5+ IL-13+ CD27- CD161+ CD4+ cells may be useful as markers indicating the successful treatment of SLIT. These cells may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AR as pathogenic memory Th2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Ihara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Department of Medical Immunology; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - D. Sakurai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - S. Yonekura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - T. Iinuma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - R. Yagi
- Department of Immunology; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - T. Sakurai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - T. Ito
- Department of Immunology; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - A. Matsuura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - Y. Morimoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - T. Arai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - S. Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - K. Katayama
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory; Shionogi & Co., Ltd.; Osaka Japan
| | - T. Nakayama
- Department of Immunology; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - Y. Okamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
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34
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Loo TT, Gao Y, Lazarevic V. Transcriptional regulation of CD4 + T H cells that mediate tissue inflammation. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:1069-1085. [PMID: 30145844 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ri0418-152rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired and genetic immunodeficiencies have revealed an indispensable role for CD4+ T cells in the induction of protective host immune responses against a myriad of microbial pathogens. Influenced by the cytokines present in the microenvironment, activated CD4+ T cells may differentiate into several highly-specialized helper subsets defined by the production of distinct signature cytokines tailored to combat diverse classes of pathogens. The process of specification and differentiation is controlled by networks of core, master, and accessory transcription factors, which ensure that CD4+ T helper (TH ) cell responses mounted against an invading microbe are of the correct specificity and type. However, aberrant activation or inactivation of transcription factors can result in sustained and elevated expression of immune-related genes, leading to chronic activation of CD4+ TH cells and organ-specific autoimmunity. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular basis of CD4+ TH cell differentiation and examine how combinatorial expression of transcription factors, which promotes genetic plasticity of CD4+ TH cells, can contribute to immunological dysfunction of CD4+ TH responses. We also discuss recent studies which highlight the potential of exploiting the genetic plasticity of CD4+ TH cells in the treatment of autoimmune and other immune-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany T Loo
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Gao
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vanja Lazarevic
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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36
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Morimoto Y, Hirahara K, Kiuchi M, Wada T, Ichikawa T, Kanno T, Okano M, Kokubo K, Onodera A, Sakurai D, Okamoto Y, Nakayama T. Amphiregulin-Producing Pathogenic Memory T Helper 2 Cells Instruct Eosinophils to Secrete Osteopontin and Facilitate Airway Fibrosis. Immunity 2018; 49:134-150.e6. [PMID: 29958800 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Memory T cells provide long-lasting protective immunity, and distinct subpopulations of memory T cells drive chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma. Asthma is a chronic allergic inflammatory disease with airway remodeling including fibrotic changes. The immunological mechanisms that induce airway fibrotic changes remain unknown. We found that interleukin-33 (IL-33) enhanced amphiregulin production by the IL-33 receptor, ST2hi memory T helper 2 (Th2) cells. Amphiregulin-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling directly reprogramed eosinophils to an inflammatory state with enhanced production of osteopontin, a key profibrotic immunomodulatory protein. IL-5-producing memory Th2 cells and amphiregulin-producing memory Th2 cells appeared to cooperate to establish lung fibrosis. The analysis of polyps from patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis revealed fibrosis with accumulation of amphiregulin-producing CRTH2hiCD161hiCD45RO+CD4+ Th2 cells and osteopontin-producing eosinophils. Thus, the IL-33-amphiregulin-osteopontin axis directs fibrotic responses in eosinophilic airway inflammation and is a potential target for the treatment of fibrosis induced by chronic allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Morimoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; AMED-PRIME, AMED, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kiuchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomoko Wada
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomomi Ichikawa
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Toshio Kanno
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Mikiko Okano
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kota Kokubo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Atsushi Onodera
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Daiju Sakurai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Okamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; AMED-CREST, AMED, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
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37
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Kılıç A, Santolini M, Nakano T, Schiller M, Teranishi M, Gellert P, Ponomareva Y, Braun T, Uchida S, Weiss ST, Sharma A, Renz H. A systems immunology approach identifies the collective impact of 5 miRs in Th2 inflammation. JCI Insight 2018; 3:97503. [PMID: 29875322 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease dominated by a CD4+ T helper 2 (Th2) cell signature. The immune response amplifies in self-enforcing loops, promoting Th2-driven cellular immunity and leaving the host unable to terminate inflammation. Posttranscriptional mechanisms, including microRNAs (miRs), are pivotal in maintaining immune homeostasis. Since an altered expression of various miRs has been associated with T cell-driven diseases, including asthma, we hypothesized that miRs control mechanisms ensuring Th2 stability and maintenance in the lung. We isolated murine CD4+ Th2 cells from allergic inflamed lungs and profiled gene and miR expression. Instead of focusing on the magnitude of miR differential expression, here we addressed the secondary consequences for the set of molecular interactions in the cell, the interactome. We developed the Impact of Differential Expression Across Layers, a network-based algorithm to prioritize disease-relevant miRs based on the central role of their targets in the molecular interactome. This method identified 5 Th2-related miRs (mir27b, mir206, mir106b, mir203, and mir23b) whose antagonization led to a sharp reduction of the Th2 phenotype. Overall, a systems biology tool was developed and validated, highlighting the role of miRs in Th2-driven immune response. This result offers potentially novel approaches for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Kılıç
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marc Santolini
- Center for Complex Network Research, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Cancer Systems Biology (CCSB) and Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Taiji Nakano
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schiller
- Clinic for Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mizue Teranishi
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Pascal Gellert
- Breast Cancer Now Research Centre at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuliya Ponomareva
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe- University Frankfurt, Frankfurt Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amitabh Sharma
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harald Renz
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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38
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Nobs SP, Kopf M. PPAR-γ in innate and adaptive lung immunity. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:737-741. [PMID: 29768688 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0118-034r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ) is a key regulator of lung immunity exhibiting multiple cell type specific roles in controlling development and function of the lung immune system. It is strictly required for the generation of alveolar macrophages by controlling differentiation of fetal lung monocyte precursors. Furthermore, it plays an important role in lung allergic inflammation by licensing lung dendritic cell t helper 2 (Th2) priming capacity as well as acting as a master transcription factor for pathogenic Th2 cells. Due to this plethora of functions and its involvement in multiple pulmonary diseases including asthma and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, understanding the role of PPAR-γ in lung immunity is an important subject of ongoing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Philip Nobs
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Manfred Kopf
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
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39
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Hirahara K, Mato N, Hagiwara K, Nakayama T. The pathogenicity of IL-33 on steroid-resistant eosinophilic inflammation via the activation of memory-type ST2 + CD4 + T cells. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:895-901. [PMID: 29709067 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr1117-456r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in many animals and have unique epithelial barrier systems to protect the host from continuous invasion of various harmful particles, such as viruses and bacteria. IL-33, a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines, is released from epithelial cells in the mucosal organs and drives the type 2 immune response by activating a number of immune cells in cases of helminth infection. However, IL-33 derived from epithelial cells also causes various allergic diseases via the activation of ST2-positive immune cells, including memory-type (CD62Llow CD44hi ) ST2+ CD4+ T cells in the lung. Recent studies have revealed that the type 2 inflammation induced by IL-33 is steroid resistant. Steroid resistance causes severe chronic inflammatory diseases, such as intractable asthma. In this review, we will discuss the impact of ST2+ CD4+ T cells on shaping the pathology of IL-33-induced eosinophilic inflammation. We will also highlight the mechanism underlying steroid resistance in eosinophilic pneumonia. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying steroid resistance is crucial for the development of new therapeutic strategies for intractable allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,AMED-PRIME, AMED, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoko Mato
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Koichi Hagiwara
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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40
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Tumes DJ, Papadopoulos M, Endo Y, Onodera A, Hirahara K, Nakayama T. Epigenetic regulation of T-helper cell differentiation, memory, and plasticity in allergic asthma. Immunol Rev 2018; 278:8-19. [PMID: 28658556 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An estimated 300 million people currently suffer from asthma, which causes approximately 250 000 deaths a year. Allergen-specific T-helper (Th) cells produce cytokines that induce many of the hallmark features of asthma including airways hyperreactivity, eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and airway remodeling. Cytokine-producing Th subsets including Th1 (IFN-γ), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), Th9 (IL-9), Th17 (IL-17), Th22 (IL-22), and T regulatory (IL-10) cells have all been suggested to play a role in the development of asthma. Th differentiation involves genetic regulation of gene expression through the concerted action of cytokines, transcription factors, and epigenetic regulators. We describe how Th differentiation and plasticity is regulated by epigenetic histone and DNA modifications, with a focus on the regulation of histone methylation by members of the polycomb and trithorax complexes. In addition, we outline environmental influences that could influence epigenetic regulation of Th cells and discuss the potential to regulate Th plasticity and function through drugs targeting the epigenetic machinery. It is also becoming apparent that epigenetic regulation of allergen-specific memory Th cells may be important in the development and persistence of chronic allergies. Finally, we describe how epigenetic modifiers regulate cytokine memory in Th cells and describe recently identified hybrid, plastic, and pathogenic memory Th subsets the context of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon J Tumes
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Yusuke Endo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Onodera
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,AMED-CREST, AMED, Chiba, Japan
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41
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Kimura MY, Hayashizaki K, Tokoyoda K, Takamura S, Motohashi S, Nakayama T. Crucial role for CD69 in allergic inflammatory responses: CD69-Myl9 system in the pathogenesis of airway inflammation. Immunol Rev 2018; 278:87-100. [PMID: 28658550 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CD69 has been known as an early activation marker of lymphocytes; whereas, recent studies demonstrate that CD69 also has critical functions in immune responses. Early studies using human samples revealed the involvement of CD69 in various inflammatory diseases including asthma. Moreover, murine disease models using Cd69-/- mice and/or anti-CD69 antibody (Ab) treatment have revealed crucial roles for CD69 in inflammatory responses. However, it had not been clear how the CD69 molecule contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. We recently elucidated a novel mechanism, in which the interaction between CD69 and its ligands, myosin light chain 9, 12a and 12b (Myl9/12) play a critical role in the recruitment of activated T cells into the inflammatory lung. In this review, we first summarize CD69 function based on its structure and then introduce the evidence for the involvement of CD69 in human diseases and murine disease models. Then, we will describe how we discovered CD69 ligands, Myl9 and Myl12, and how the CD69-Myl9 system regulates airway inflammation. Finally, we will discuss possible therapeutic usages of the blocking Ab to the CD69-Myl9 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoko Y Kimura
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Hayashizaki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Tokoyoda
- Department of Osteoimmunology, German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shiki Takamura
- Department of Immunology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Motohashi
- Department of Medical Immunology Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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42
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Zhang J, Marotel M, Fauteux-Daniel S, Mathieu AL, Viel S, Marçais A, Walzer T. T-bet and Eomes govern differentiation and function of mouse and human NK cells and ILC1. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:738-750. [PMID: 29424438 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
T-bet and Eomes are T-box transcription factors that drive the differentiation and function of cytotoxic lymphocytes such as NK cells. Their DNA-binding domains are highly similar, suggesting redundant transcriptional activity. However, while these transcription factors have different patterns of expression, the phenotype of loss-of-function mouse models suggests that they play distinct roles in the development of NK cells and other innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Recent technological advances using reporter mice and conditional knockouts were fundamental in defining the regulation and function of these factors at steady state and during pathological conditions such as various types of cancer or infection. Here, we review these recent developments, focusing on NK cells as prototypical cytotoxic lymphocytes and their development, and also discuss parallels between NK cells and T cells. We also examine the role of T-bet and Eomes in human NK cells and ILC1s. Considering divergent findings on mouse and human ILC1s, we propose that NK cells are defined by coexpression of T-bet and Eomes, while ILC1s express only one of these factors, either T-bet or Eomes, depending on the tissue or the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhang
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Marie Marotel
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Sébastien Fauteux-Daniel
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Anne-Laure Mathieu
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Sébastien Viel
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Antoine Marçais
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Walzer
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie-International Center for Infectiology Research, Inserm, U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France
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Iinuma T, Okamoto Y, Morimoto Y, Arai T, Sakurai T, Yonekura S, Sakurai D, Hirahara K, Nakayama T. Pathogenicity of memory Th2 cells is linked to stage of allergic rhinitis. Allergy 2018; 73:479-489. [PMID: 28857184 DOI: 10.1111/all.13295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis (AR) consists of three developmental stages that are based on the presence/absence of antigen-specific IgE and symptoms. The pathogenic Th2 (Tpath2) cells constitute a population of Th2 cells with additional potentially pathogenic characteristics. We examined the relationship between Tpath2 cells and the stages of allergic rhinitis by focusing on ST2, which is an IL-33 receptor. METHODS Patients with Japanese cedar pollen-induced AR (JCP-AR) and healthy volunteers were divided into "nonsensitized," "asymptomatic sensitized (AS)," and "JCP-AR" groups. We analyzed the ST2 expression and the Th2 function of cultured CD4+ T cells. Next, we observed the progress of patients in the AS stage around the time of seasonal pollen dispersal, with the characteristics of Th2 cells. RESULTS The ST2 expression of T cells was only upregulated in the AR group. The production of IL-4 and IL-13 was found in CD4+ T cells obtained from AS by stimulation with JCP, but reactivity to IL-33 was not observed. Although IL-33 did not induce the elevation of IL-4 production in the JCP-AR group, IL-33 substantially increased the production of IL-5 and IL-13 in comparison with antigen stimulation alone. In newly afflicted patients, the increased expression of ST2 and elevated reactivity to IL-33 was observed, even before the pollen dispersal season. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that the pathogenicity of memory Th2 cells is linked to sensitization and the stage of allergic rhinitis. Therefore, Tpath2 cells may provide useful insights into the mechanism of the onset and progression of allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Iinuma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan
| | - Y. Okamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan
| | - Y. Morimoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan
| | - T. Arai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan
| | - T. Sakurai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan
| | - S. Yonekura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan
| | - D. Sakurai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan
| | - K. Hirahara
- Department of Immunology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan
| | - T. Nakayama
- Department of Immunology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan
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44
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Glucocorticoids Drive Diurnal Oscillations in T Cell Distribution and Responses by Inducing Interleukin-7 Receptor and CXCR4. Immunity 2018; 48:286-298.e6. [PMID: 29396162 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones with strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects that are produced in a diurnal fashion. Although glucocorticoids have the potential to induce interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) expression in T cells, whether they control T cell homeostasis and responses at physiological concentrations remains unclear. We found that glucocorticoid receptor signaling induces IL-7R expression in mouse T cells by binding to an enhancer of the IL-7Rα locus, with a peak at midnight and a trough at midday. This diurnal induction of IL-7R supported the survival of T cells and their redistribution between lymph nodes, spleen, and blood by controlling expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. In mice, T cell accumulation in the spleen at night enhanced immune responses against soluble antigens and systemic bacterial infection. Our results reveal the immunoenhancing role of glucocorticoids in adaptive immunity and provide insight into how immune function is regulated by the diurnal rhythm.
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45
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Abstract
CD4(+) T helper (Th) cells play a central role in the adaptive immune response by providing help to B cells and cytotoxic T cells and by releasing different types of cytokines in tissues to mediate protection against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms. These functions are performed by different types of Th cells endowed with distinct migratory capacities and effector functions. Here we discuss how studies of the human T cell response to microbes have advanced our understanding of Th cell functional heterogeneity, in particular with the discovery of a distinct Th1 subset involved in the response to Mycobacteria and the characterization of two types of Th17 cells specific for extracellular bacteria or fungi. We also review new approaches to dissect at the clonal level the human CD4(+) T cell response induced by pathogens or vaccines that have revealed an unexpected degree of intraclonal diversification and propose a progressive and selective model of CD4(+) T cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sallusto
- Center of Medical Immunology and Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
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46
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Mitson-Salazar A, Prussin C. Pathogenic Effector Th2 Cells in Allergic Eosinophilic Inflammatory Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:165. [PMID: 29057225 PMCID: PMC5635264 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an absolute requirement for Th2 cells in the pathogenesis of allergen-driven eosinophil-rich type 2 inflammation. Although Th2 cells are generally regarded as a homogeneous population, in the past decade there has been increasing evidence for a minority subpopulation of IL-5+ Th2 cells that have enhanced effector function. This IL-5+ Th2 subpopulation has been termed pathogenic effector Th2 (peTh2), as it exhibits greater effector function and disease association than conventional Th2 cells. peTh2 cells have a different expression profile, differentially express transcription factors, and preferentially use specific signaling pathways. As such, peTh2 cells are a potential target in the treatment of allergic eosinophilic inflammation. This review examines peTh2 cells, both in mouse models and human disease, with an emphasis on their role in the pathogenesis of allergic eosinophilic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Mitson-Salazar
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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47
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Yeon SM, Halim L, Chandele A, Perry CJ, Kim SH, Kim SU, Byun Y, Yuk SH, Kaech SM, Jung YW. IL-7 plays a critical role for the homeostasis of allergen-specific memory CD4 T cells in the lung and airways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11155. [PMID: 28894184 PMCID: PMC5593957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory T cells respond rapidly to repeated antigen exposure and can maintain their population for extended periods through self-renewal. These characteristics of memory T cells have mainly been studied during viral infections, whereas their existence and functions in allergic diseases have been studied incompletely. Since allergic patients can suffer repeated relapses caused by intermittent allergen exposure, we hypothesized that allergen- specific memory Th2 cells are present and the factors necessary for the maintenance of these cells are provided by the lung and airways. Using a murine model of airway inflammation, we found that allergen-specific CD4 T cells survived longer than 70 days in the lung and airways in an IL-7 dependent fashion. These T cells showing homeostatic proliferation were largely found in the mediastinal lymph node (mLN), rather than the airways; however, cells residing in the lung and airways developed recall responses successfully. We also found that CD4 T cells exhibited differential phenotypes in the mLN and in the lung. Altogether, we believe that allergen-specific memory T cells reside and function in the lung and airways, while their numbers are replenished through homeostatic turnover in the mLNs. Furthermore, we determined that IL-7 signaling is important for the homeostasis of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Min Yeon
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-si, Korea
| | - Lea Halim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anmol Chandele
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Curtis J Perry
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sang Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-si, Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- National Primate Research Center and Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Byun
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-si, Korea
| | - Soon Hong Yuk
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-si, Korea
| | - Susan M Kaech
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yong Woo Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-si, Korea.
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48
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Cousins DJ. Pinning allergies on pathogenic T
H
2 cells. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:9/401/eaao0392. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aao0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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49
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Wambre E, Bajzik V, DeLong JH, O'Brien K, Nguyen QA, Speake C, Gersuk VH, DeBerg HA, Whalen E, Ni C, Farrington M, Jeong D, Robinson D, Linsley PS, Vickery BP, Kwok WW. A phenotypically and functionally distinct human T H2 cell subpopulation is associated with allergic disorders. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:eaam9171. [PMID: 28768806 PMCID: PMC5987220 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aam9171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Allergen-specific type 2 helper T (TH2) cells play a central role in initiating and orchestrating the allergic and asthmatic inflammatory response pathways. One major factor limiting the use of such atopic disease-causing T cells as both therapeutic targets and clinically useful biomarkers is the lack of an accepted methodology to identify and differentiate these cells from overall nonpathogenic TH2 cell types. We have described a subset of human memory TH2 cells confined to atopic individuals that includes all allergen-specific TH2 cells. These cells are terminally differentiated CD4+ T cells (CD27- and CD45RB-) characterized by coexpression of CRTH2, CD49d, and CD161 and exhibit numerous functional attributes distinct from conventional TH2 cells. Hence, we have denoted these cells with this stable allergic disease-related phenotype as the TH2A cell subset. Transcriptome analysis further revealed a distinct pathway in the initiation of pathogenic responses to allergen, and elimination of these cells is indicative of clinical responses induced by immunotherapy. Together, these findings identify a human TH2 cell signature in allergic diseases that could be used for response-monitoring and designing appropriate immunomodulatory strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Wambre
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
| | - Veronique Bajzik
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jonathan H DeLong
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Kimberly O'Brien
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Quynh-Anh Nguyen
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Cate Speake
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Vivian H Gersuk
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Hannah A DeBerg
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Elizabeth Whalen
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Chester Ni
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | | | - David Jeong
- Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | | | - Peter S Linsley
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | | | - William W Kwok
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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50
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Memory-type ST2 +CD4 + T cells participate in the steroid-resistant pathology of eosinophilic pneumonia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6805. [PMID: 28754914 PMCID: PMC5533714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung develops an unique epithelial barrier system to protect host from continuous invasion of various harmful particles. Interleukin (IL-)33 released from epithelial cells in the lung drives the type 2 immune response by activating ST2− expressed immune cells in various allergic diseases. However, the involvement of memory-type ST2+CD4+ T cells in such lung inflammation remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that intratracheal administration of IL-33 resulted in the substantial increase of numbers of tissue-resident memory-type ST2+CD4+ T cells in the lung. Following enhanced production of IL-5 and IL-13, eosinophilic lung inflammation sequentially developed. IL-33-mediated eosinophilic lung inflammation was not fully developed in T cell-deficient Foxn1nu mice and NSG mice. Dexamethasone treatment showed limited effects on both the cell number and function of memory-type ST2+CD4+ T cells. Thus our study provides novel insight into the pathogenesis of eosinophilic lung disease, showing that memory-type ST2+CD4+ T cells are involved in IL-33-induced eosinophilic inflammation and elicited steroid-resistance.
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