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Santiago-Sánchez GS, Fabian KP, Hodge JW. A landscape of checkpoint blockade resistance in cancer: underlying mechanisms and current strategies to overcome resistance. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2308097. [PMID: 38306161 PMCID: PMC10841019 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2308097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of immune checkpoints and the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have achieved a durable response in advanced-stage cancer patients. However, there is still a high proportion of patients who do not benefit from ICI therapy due to a lack of response when first treated (primary resistance) or detection of disease progression months after objective response is observed (acquired resistance). Here, we review the current FDA-approved ICI for the treatment of certain solid malignancies, evaluate the contrasting responses to checkpoint blockade in different cancer types, explore the known mechanisms associated with checkpoint blockade resistance (CBR), and assess current strategies in the field that seek to overcome these mechanisms. In order to improve current therapies and develop new ones, the immunotherapy field still has an unmet need in identifying other molecules that act as immune checkpoints, and uncovering other mechanisms that promote CBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginette S. Santiago-Sánchez
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kellsye P. Fabian
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James W. Hodge
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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2
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Satam S, Palekar N, Premkumar K, Shankar BS. Sirtinol, a SIRT1 inhibitor, inhibits the EMT and metastasis of 4T1 breast cancer cells and impacts the tumor microenvironment. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39373058 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2412110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The impact of epigenetic drugs on metastasis and the immunological microenvironment is poorly understood. In this study, we looked at how sirtinol, a SIRT1 inhibitor, affected epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, and the immune cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro experiments were carried out using tumor conditioned medium (TCM). For in vivo experiments, sirtinol was administered i.p. in tumor bearing BALB/c mice at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight either alone or in combination with cisplatin. Estimation of cytokines was carried out using ELISA or ELIspot. Estimation of different markers was done using flow cytometry or western blot. RESULTS Sirtinol, a SIRT1 inhibitor, was found to be cytotoxic to 4T1 breast cancer cells with no synergistic effects with cisplatin, both under in vitro and in vivo conditions (p < 0.05). Sirtinol significantly reduced cancer cell metastasis to the spleen which was supported by in vitro findings such as decreased vimentin expression and cell mobility in migration and wound healing assays (p < 0.01). Studies on the effects of 4T1 tumor-conditioned medium on spleen cells indicated changes in T cell proliferation as well as differentiation (p < 0.01). In tumor bearing mice, spleen cells showed elevated IFN-γ secretion, increased CD11b+ cells, and decreased T cells (p < 0.01). This was reversed by sirtinol as well as the combination treatment, which may also have contributed to metastasis inhibition (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Sirtinol, a SIRT1 inhibitor inhibits EMT and metastasis of 4T1 breast cancer cells and also has an impact on the immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharvari Satam
- Immunology Section, Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Nitya Palekar
- Immunology Section, Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Kavitha Premkumar
- Immunology Section, Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Bhavani S Shankar
- Immunology Section, Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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3
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Frampton S, Smith R, Ferson L, Gibson J, Hollox EJ, Cragg MS, Strefford JC. Fc gamma receptors: Their evolution, genomic architecture, genetic variation, and impact on human disease. Immunol Rev 2024. [PMID: 39345014 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) are a family of receptors that bind IgG antibodies and interface at the junction of humoral and innate immunity. Precise regulation of receptor expression provides the necessary balance to achieve healthy immune homeostasis by establishing an appropriate immune threshold to limit autoimmunity but respond effectively to infection. The underlying genetics of the FCGR gene family are central to achieving this immune threshold by regulating affinity for IgG, signaling efficacy, and receptor expression. The FCGR gene locus was duplicated during evolution, retaining very high homology and resulting in a genomic region that is technically difficult to study. Here, we review the recent evolution of the gene family in mammals, its complexity and variation through copy number variation and single-nucleotide polymorphism, and impact of these on disease incidence, resolution, and therapeutic antibody efficacy. We also discuss the progress and limitations of current approaches to study the region and emphasize how new genomics technologies will likely resolve much of the current confusion in the field. This will lead to definitive conclusions on the impact of genetic variation within the FCGR gene locus on immune function and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Frampton
- Cancer Genomics Group, Faculty of Medicine, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Rosanna Smith
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Faculty of Medicine, School of Cancer Sciences, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Lili Ferson
- Cancer Genomics Group, Faculty of Medicine, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jane Gibson
- Cancer Genomics Group, Faculty of Medicine, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Edward J Hollox
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Cancer Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Mark S Cragg
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Faculty of Medicine, School of Cancer Sciences, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jonathan C Strefford
- Cancer Genomics Group, Faculty of Medicine, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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4
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Hu L, Sun C, Yuan K, Yang P. Expression, regulation, and function of PD-L1 on non-tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104181. [PMID: 39278561 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Antiprogrammed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy is a leading immunotherapy, but only some patients with solid cancers benefit. Overwhelming evidence has revealed that PD-L1 is expressed on various immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), including macrophages, dendritic cells, and regulatory T cells, modulating tumor immunity and influencing tumor progression. PD-L1 can also be located on tumor cell membranes as well as in exosomes and cytoplasm. Accordingly, the dynamic expression and various forms of PD-L1 might explain the therapy's limited efficacy and resistance. Herein a systematic summary of the expression of PD-L1 on different immune cells and their regulatory mechanisms is provided to offer a solid foundation for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingrong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chengliang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Peng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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5
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Nan Y, Bai Y, Hu X, Zhou K, Wu T, Zhu A, Li M, Dou Z, Cao Z, Zhang X, Xu S, Zhang Y, Lin J, Zeng X, Fan J, Zhang X, Wang X, Ju D. Targeting IL-33 reprograms the tumor microenvironment and potentiates antitumor response to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e009236. [PMID: 39231544 PMCID: PMC11409265 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2024-009236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main challenge against patients with cancer to derive benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1/PD-L1 appears to be the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), in which IL-33/ST2 signal fulfills critical functions. However, whether IL-33 limits the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-L1 remains uncertain. METHODS Molecular mechanisms of IL-33/ST2 signal on anti-PD-L1 treatment lewis lung carcinoma tumor model were assessed by RNA-seq, ELISA, WB and immunofluorescence (IF). A sST2-Fc fusion protein was constructed for targeting IL-33 and combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody for immunotherapy in colon and lung tumor models. On this basis, bifunctional fusion proteins were generated for PD-L1-targeted blocking of IL-33 in tumors. The underlying mechanisms of dual targeting of IL-33 and PD-L1 revealed by RNA-seq, scRNA-seq, FACS, IF and WB. RESULTS After anti-PD-L1 administration, tumor-infiltrating ST2+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were elevated. Blocking IL-33/ST2 signal with sST2-Fc fusion protein potentiated antitumor efficacy of PD-L1 antibody by enhancing T cell responses in tumor models. Bifunctional fusion protein anti-PD-L1-sST2 exhibited enhanced antitumor efficacy compared with combination therapy, not only inhibited tumor progression and extended the survival, but also provided long-term protective antitumor immunity. Mechanistically, the superior antitumor activity of targeting IL-33 and PD-L1 originated from reducing immunosuppressive factors, such as Tregs and exhausted CD8+ T cells while increasing tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocyte cells. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrated that IL-33/ST2 was involved in the immunosuppression mechanism of PD-L1 antibody therapy, and blockade by sST2-Fc or anti-PD-L1-sST2 could remodel the inflammatory TME and induce potent antitumor effect, highlighting the potential therapeutic strategies for the tumor treatment by simultaneously targeting IL-33 and PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyang Nan
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozhi Hu
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaicheng Zhou
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - An Zhu
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihan Dou
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonglian Cao
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Xumeng Zhang
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shuwen Xu
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Lin
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Zeng
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuyao Zhang
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuebin Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
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Diamantopoulos N, Li J, Bouchard A, Joumier L, Mohammaei S, Panneton V, Chang J, Malleshaiah M, Suh WK. ICOS-expressing Regulatory T Cells Influence the Composition of Antitumor CTL Populations. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:753-762. [PMID: 38995175 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The role of ICOS in antitumor T cell responses and overall tumor progression has been controversial. In this study, we compared tumor progression in mice lacking ICOS selectively in regulatory T (Treg) cells or in all T cells. Using an experimental melanoma lung metastasis model, we found that Treg cell-specific ICOS knockout reduces the overall tumor burden compared with Cre control mice, with increased CD4+-to-Treg cell and CD8+-to-Treg cell ratios in the tumor. In contrast, there was no difference in the tumor burden in mice lacking ICOS in all of the T cell compartments. This suggests a dual role of ICOS costimulation in promoting protumor and antitumor T cell responses. Consistent with reduced tumor burden, we found that Treg cell-specific deletion of ICOS leads to an increase of CD8+ CTLs that express high levels of granzyme B and perforin. Moreover, single-cell transcriptome analysis revealed an increase of Ly108+Eomeshi CD8+ T cells at the cost of the Ly108+T-bethi subset in Treg cell-specific knockout mice. These results suggest that ICOS-expressing Treg cells suppress the CTL maturation process at the level of Eomes upregulation, a critical step known to drive perforin expression and cytotoxicity. Collectively, our data imply that cancer immunotherapies using ICOS agonist Abs may work better in Treg cell-low tumors or when they are combined with regimens that deplete tumor-infiltrating Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Diamantopoulos
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joanna Li
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antoine Bouchard
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Loick Joumier
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Saba Mohammaei
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent Panneton
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jinsam Chang
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohan Malleshaiah
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Woong-Kyung Suh
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Molecular Biology Program, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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7
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Belli S, Amann M, Hutchinson L, Pousse L, Abdolzade-Bavil A, Justies N, Jacobsen B, Ploix C, Tselempi E, Tosevski V, Koll H, Schnetzler G, Boetsch C, Marrer-Berger E. Optimizing Early Clinical Investigations in Cancer Immunotherapy: The Translational Journey of RG6292, a Novel, Selective Treg-Depleting Antibody. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024; 116:834-846. [PMID: 38769868 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The multifaceted IL-2/IL-2R biology and its modulation by promising therapeutic agents are highly relevant topics in the cancer immunotherapy field. A novel CD25-Treg-depleting antibody (Vopikitug, RG6292) has been engineered to preserve IL-2 signaling on effector T cells to enhance effector activation and antitumor immunity, and is currently being evaluated in the clinic. The Entry into Human-enabling framework described here investigated the characteristics of RG6292, from in vitro quantification of CD25 and RG6292 pharmacology using human tissues to in vivo assessment of PK/PD/safety relationships in cynomolgus monkeys as non-human primate species (NHP). Fundamental knowledge on CD25 and Treg biology in healthy and diseased tissues across NHP and human highlighted the commonalities between these species in regard to the target biology and demonstrated the conservation of RG6292 properties between NHP and human. The integration of in vitro and in vivo PK/PD/safety data from these species enabled the identification of human relevant safety risks, the selection of the most appropriate safe starting dose and the projection of the pharmacologically-relevant dose range. The first clinical data obtained for RG6292 in patients verified the appropriateness of the described approaches as well as validated the full clinical relevance of the projected safety, PK, and PD profiles from animal to man. This work shows how the integration of mechanistic non-clinical data increases the predictive value for human, allowing efficient transition of drug candidates and optimizations of early clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Belli
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Development (pRED), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Amann
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Lucy Hutchinson
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Development (pRED), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurène Pousse
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Afsaneh Abdolzade-Bavil
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Development (pRED), Penzberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Justies
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Development (pRED), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bjoern Jacobsen
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Development (pRED), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Corinne Ploix
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Development (pRED), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eleni Tselempi
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Vinko Tosevski
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Hans Koll
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Development (pRED), Penzberg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Schnetzler
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Development (pRED), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Boetsch
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Development (pRED), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Estelle Marrer-Berger
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Development (pRED), Basel, Switzerland
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8
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Bullock AJ, Schlechter BL, Fakih MG, Tsimberidou AM, Grossman JE, Gordon MS, Wilky BA, Pimentel A, Mahadevan D, Balmanoukian AS, Sanborn RE, Schwartz GK, Abou-Alfa GK, Segal NH, Bockorny B, Moser JC, Sharma S, Patel JM, Wu W, Chand D, Rosenthal K, Mednick G, Delepine C, Curiel TJ, Stebbing J, Lenz HJ, O'Day SJ, El-Khoueiry AB. Botensilimab plus balstilimab in relapsed/refractory microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer: a phase 1 trial. Nat Med 2024; 30:2558-2567. [PMID: 38871975 PMCID: PMC11405281 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer (MSS mCRC; mismatch repair proficient) has previously responded poorly to immune checkpoint blockade. Botensilimab (BOT) is an Fc-enhanced multifunctional anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) antibody designed to expand therapy to cold/poorly immunogenic solid tumors, such as MSS mCRC. BOT with or without balstilimab (BAL; anti-PD-1 antibody) is being evaluated in an ongoing expanded phase 1 study. The primary endpoint is safety and tolerability, which was evaluated separately in the dose-escalation portion of the study and in patients with MSS mCRC (using combined dose-escalation/dose-expansion data). Secondary endpoints include investigator-assessed RECIST version 1.1-confirmed objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DOR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Here we present outcomes in 148 heavily pre-treated patients with MSS mCRC (six from the dose-escalation cohort; 142 from the dose-expansion cohort) treated with BOT and BAL, 101 of whom were considered response evaluable with at least 6 months of follow-up. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 89% of patients with MSS mCRC (131/148), most commonly fatigue (35%, 52/148), diarrhea (32%, 47/148) and pyrexia (24%, 36/148), with no grade 5 TRAEs reported and a 12% discontinuation rate due to a TRAE (18/148; data fully mature). In the response-evaluable population (n = 101), ORR was 17% (17/101; 95% confidence interval (CI), 10-26%), and DCR was 61% (62/101; 95% CI, 51-71%). Median DOR was not reached (NR; 95% CI, 5.7 months-NR), and median PFS was 3.5 months (95% CI, 2.7-4.1 months), at a median follow-up of 10.3 months (range, 0.5-42.6 months; data continuing to mature). The combination of BOT plus BAL demonstrated a manageable safety profile with no new immune-mediated safety signals and encouraging clinical activity with durable responses. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03860272 .
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- Female
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Aged
- Adult
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Aged, 80 and over
- Microsatellite Instability/drug effects
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Microsatellite Repeats/genetics
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/drug therapy
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marwan G Fakih
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Agustin Pimentel
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daruka Mahadevan
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Rachel E Sanborn
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gary K Schwartz
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ghassan K Abou-Alfa
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Neil H Segal
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Sunil Sharma
- HonorHealth Research Institute, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | | | - Wei Wu
- Agenus, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven J O'Day
- Agenus, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA
- Providence Saint John's Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Anthony B El-Khoueiry
- University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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9
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Serrano A, Casares N, Trocóniz IF, Lozano T, Lasarte JJ, Zalba S, Garrido MJ. Foxp3 inhibitory peptide encapsulated in a novel CD25-targeted nanoliposome promotes efficient tumor regression in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01338-0. [PMID: 39075226 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01338-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
P60, a Foxp3 inhibitory peptide, can hinder the regulatory T cell (Treg) activity and impair tumor proliferation. However, low systemic stability and poor specificity have led to daily dosing to achieve therapeutic effect. Therefore, this study aims to improve P60 stability and specific delivery through its encapsulation in liposomes targeting CD25, constitutively expressed in Tregs. P60 liposomes formulated with DSPE-PEG750 or DSPE-PEG2000 were incubated with DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide micelles conjugated to Fab' fragments of anti-CD25 to develop two targeted formulations or immunoliposomes (IL): IL-P602000 (DSPE-PEG2000 only) and IL-P60750 (combining DSPE-PEG750 and DSPE-PEG2000). P60 encapsulation efficiency was 50%-60% irrespective of PEG chain length. Treg uptake was 2.5 and 14 times higher for IL-PEG750 compared with IL-PEG2000 and non-targeted liposomes, respectively, in in-vitro assays. In fact, IL-P60750 allowed CD8+ T cells ex-vivo proliferation in presence of Treg at doses 10-20 times lower than for free P60. Antitumor response of P60 and IL-P60750 in monotherapy and combined with anti-PD-1 was evaluated in MC38 and LLCOVA tumor bearing mice. In MC38 model, IL-P60750 monotherapy induced total tumor regression in 40% of mice reaching 100% for anti-PD-1 combination. This effect was associated with a significant increase in activated CD8+ T cells in tumors. Notably, IL-P60750 also inhibited human Treg in ex-vivo assay, showing the translational capability of this formulation. In conclusion, IL-P60750 formulated with different PEG chain lengths, has demonstrated antitumor efficacy by selective inhibition of Treg activity and enhances the effect of anti-PD1. Altogether, this novel IL represents a promising nanoplatform for cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Serrano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Noelia Casares
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñaki F Trocóniz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Teresa Lozano
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan J Lasarte
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Zalba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - María J Garrido
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain.
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10
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Spiga M, Martini E, Maffia MC, Ciceri F, Ruggiero E, Potenza A, Bonini C. Harnessing the tumor microenvironment to boost adoptive T cell therapy with engineered lymphocytes for solid tumors. Semin Immunopathol 2024; 46:8. [PMID: 39060547 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-024-01011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) and T Cell Receptor (TCR) engineered T cells represents an innovative therapeutic approach for the treatment of hematological malignancies, yet its application for solid tumors is still suboptimal. The tumor microenvironment (TME) places several challenges to overcome for a satisfactory therapeutic effect, such as physical barriers (fibrotic capsule and stroma), and inhibitory signals impeding T cell function. Some of these obstacles can be faced by combining ACT with other anti-tumor approaches, such as chemo/radiotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors. On the other hand, cutting edge technological tools offer the opportunity to overcome and, in some cases, take advantage of TME intrinsic characteristics to boost ACT efficacy. These include: the exploitation of chemokine gradients and integrin expression for preferential T-cell homing and extravasation; metabolic changes that have direct or indirect effects on TCR-T and CAR-T cells by increasing antigen presentation and reshaping T cell phenotype; introduction of additional synthetic receptors on TCR-T and CAR-T cells with the aim of increasing T cells survival and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Spiga
- Experimental Hematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Martini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Maffia
- Experimental Hematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana Ruggiero
- Experimental Hematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Potenza
- Experimental Hematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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11
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Fukushima H, Furusawa A, Takao S, Thankarajan E, Luciano MP, Usama SM, Kano M, Okuyama S, Yamamoto H, Suzuki M, Kano M, Choyke PL, Schnermann MJ, Kobayashi H. Near-infrared duocarmycin photorelease from a Treg-targeted antibody-drug conjugate improves efficacy of PD-1 blockade in syngeneic murine tumor models. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2370544. [PMID: 38915782 PMCID: PMC11195482 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2370544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in mediating immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, Tregs contribute to the lack of efficacy and hyperprogressive disease upon Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade immunotherapy. Thus, Tregs are considered a promising therapeutic target, especially when combined with PD-1 blockade. However, systemic depletion of Tregs causes severe autoimmune adverse events, which poses a serious challenge to Treg-directed therapy. Here, we developed a novel treatment to locally and predominantly damage Tregs by near-infrared duocarmycin photorelease (NIR-DPR). In this technology, we prepared anti-CD25 F(ab')2 conjugates, which site-specifically uncage duocarmycin in CD25-expressing cells upon exposure to NIR light. In vitro, CD25-targeted NIR-DPR significantly increased apoptosis of CD25-expressing HT2-A5E cells. When tumors were irradiated with NIR light in vivo, intratumoral CD25+ Treg populations decreased and Ki-67 and Interleukin-10 expression was suppressed, indicating impaired functioning of intratumoral CD25+ Tregs. CD25-targeted NIR-DPR suppressed tumor growth and improved survival in syngeneic murine tumor models. Of note, CD25-targeted NIR-DPR synergistically enhanced the efficacy of PD-1 blockade, especially in tumors with higher CD8+/Treg PD-1 ratios. Furthermore, the combination therapy induced significant anti-cancer immunity including maturation of dendritic cells, extensive intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, and increased differentiation into CD8+ memory T cells. Altogether, CD25-targeted NIR-DPR locally and predominantly targets Tregs in the tumor microenvironment and synergistically improves the efficacy of PD-1 blockade, suggesting that this combination therapy can be a rational anti-cancer combination immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Fukushima
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Seiichiro Takao
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ebaston Thankarajan
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Michael P Luciano
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Syed Muhammad Usama
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Makoto Kano
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shuhei Okuyama
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Motofumi Suzuki
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Miyu Kano
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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12
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Geels SN, Moshensky A, Sousa RS, Murat C, Bustos MA, Walker BL, Singh R, Harbour SN, Gutierrez G, Hwang M, Mempel TR, Weaver CT, Nie Q, Hoon DSB, Ganesan AK, Othy S, Marangoni F. Interruption of the intratumor CD8 + T cell:Treg crosstalk improves the efficacy of PD-1 immunotherapy. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:1051-1066.e7. [PMID: 38861924 PMCID: PMC11285091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
PD-1 blockade unleashes potent antitumor activity in CD8+ T cells but can also promote immunosuppressive T regulatory (Treg) cells, which may worsen the response to immunotherapy. Tumor-Treg inhibition is a promising strategy to improve the efficacy of checkpoint blockade immunotherapy; however, our understanding of the mechanisms supporting tumor-Tregs during PD-1 immunotherapy is incomplete. Here, we show that PD-1 blockade increases tumor-Tregs in mouse models of melanoma and metastatic melanoma patients. Mechanistically, Treg accumulation is not caused by Treg-intrinsic inhibition of PD-1 signaling but depends on an indirect effect of activated CD8+ T cells. CD8+ T cells produce IL-2 and colocalize with Tregs in mouse and human melanomas. IL-2 upregulates the anti-apoptotic protein ICOS on tumor-Tregs, promoting their accumulation. Inhibition of ICOS signaling before PD-1 immunotherapy improves control over immunogenic melanoma. Thus, interrupting the intratumor CD8+ T cell:Treg crosstalk represents a strategy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of PD-1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N Geels
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Moshensky
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rachel S Sousa
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Claire Murat
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Matias A Bustos
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, Saint John's Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin L Walker
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rima Singh
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Stacey N Harbour
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Giselle Gutierrez
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Michael Hwang
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Thorsten R Mempel
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Casey T Weaver
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Qing Nie
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Dave S B Hoon
- Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, Saint John's Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Anand K Ganesan
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Shivashankar Othy
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Marangoni
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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13
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Cui J, Xu H, Yu J, Ran S, Zhang X, Li Y, Chen Z, Niu Y, Wang S, Ye W, Chen W, Wu J, Xia J. Targeted depletion of PD-1-expressing cells induces immune tolerance through peripheral clonal deletion. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadh0085. [PMID: 38669317 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adh0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Thymic negative selection of the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is essential for establishing self-tolerance and acquired allograft tolerance following organ transplantation. However, it is unclear whether and how peripheral clonal deletion of alloreactive T cells induces transplantation tolerance. Here, we establish that programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a hallmark of alloreactive T cells and is associated with clonal expansion after alloantigen encounter. Moreover, we found that diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR)-mediated ablation of PD-1+ cells reshaped the TCR repertoire through peripheral clonal deletion of alloreactive T cells and promoted tolerance in mouse transplantation models. In addition, by using PD-1-specific depleting antibodies, we found that antibody-mediated depletion of PD-1+ cells prevented heart transplant rejection and the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in humanized PD-1 mice. Thus, these data suggest that PD-1 is an attractive target for peripheral clonal deletion and induction of immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jizhang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuan Ran
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing Niu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Weicong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenhao Chen
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Institute for Academic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Li J, Zhang Y, Cai Y, Yao P, Jia Y, Wei X, Du C, Zhang S. Multi-omics analysis elucidates the relationship between intratumor microbiome and host immune heterogeneity in breast cancer. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0410423. [PMID: 38442004 PMCID: PMC10986513 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04104-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Research has indicated that intratumor microbiomes affect the occurrence, progression, and therapeutic response in many cancer types by influencing the immune system. We aim to evaluate the characteristics of immune-related intratumor microbiomes (IRIMs) in breast cancer (BC) and search for potential prognosis prediction factors and treatment targets. The clinical information, microbiome data, transcriptomics data of The Cancer Genome Atlas Breast Invasive Carcinoma (TCGA-BRCA) patients were obtained from Kraken-TCGA-Raw-Data and TCGA portal. The core tumor-infiltrating immune cell was identified using univariate Cox regression analysis. Based on consensus clustering analysis, BC patients were categorized into two immune subtypes, referred to as immune-enriched and immune-deficient subtypes. The immune-enriched subtype, characterized by higher levels of immune infiltration of CD8+ T and macrophage M1 cells, demonstrated a more favorable prognosis. Furthermore, significant differences in alpha-diversity and beta-diversity were observed between the two immune subtypes, and the least discriminant analysis effect size method identified 33 types of IRIMs. An intratumor microbiome-based prognostic signature consisting of four prognostic IRIMs (Acidibacillus, Succinimonas, Lachnoclostridium, and Pseudogulbenkiania) was constructed using the Cox proportional-hazard model, and it had great prognostic value. The prognostic IRIMs were correlated with immune gene expression and the sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs, specifically tamoxifen and docetaxel. In conclusion, our research has successfully identified two distinct immune subtypes in BC, which exhibit contrasting prognoses and possess unique epigenetic and intratumor microbiomes. The critical IRIMs were correlated with prognosis, tumor-infiltrating immune cell abundance, and immunotherapeutic efficacy in BC. Consequently, this study has identified potential IRIMs as biomarkers, providing a novel therapeutic approach for treating BC.IMPORTANCERecent research has substantiated the presence of the intratumor microbiome in tumor immune microenvironment, which could influence tumor occurrence and progression, as well as provide new opportunities for cancer diagnosis and treatment. This study identified the critical immune-related intratumor microbiome (Acidibacillus, Succinimonas, Lachnoclostridium, and Pseudogulbenkiania), which were correlated with prognosis, tumor-infiltrating immune cell abundance, and immunotherapeutic efficacy in breast cancer and might be the novel target to regulate immunotherapy in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifan Cai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peizhuo Yao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiwei Jia
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chong Du
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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15
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Chen M, Wang S. Preclinical development and clinical studies of targeted JAK/STAT combined Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111717. [PMID: 38387193 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) binds to its ligand to help tumours evade the immune system and promote tumour progression. Although anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies show powerful effects in some patients, most patients are unable to benefit from this treatment due to treatment resistance. Therefore, it is important to overcome tumour resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. There is substantial evidence suggesting that the JAK/STAT signalling pathway plays a significant role in PD-1/PD-L1 expression and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment. Herein, we describe the effects of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway on PD-1/PD-L1. Subsequently, the relationship between molecular mutations in the JAK/STAT signalling pathway and immune resistance was analysed. Finally, the latest advancements in drugs targeting the JAK/STAT pathway combined with PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors are summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Siliang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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16
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Wang M, Chen S, He X, Yuan Y, Wei X. Targeting inflammation as cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:13. [PMID: 38520006 PMCID: PMC10960486 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has accompanied human beings since the emergence of wounds and infections. In the past decades, numerous efforts have been undertaken to explore the potential role of inflammation in cancer, from tumor development, invasion, and metastasis to the resistance of tumors to treatment. Inflammation-targeted agents not only demonstrate the potential to suppress cancer development, but also to improve the efficacy of other therapeutic modalities. In this review, we describe the highly dynamic and complex inflammatory tumor microenvironment, with discussion on key inflammation mediators in cancer including inflammatory cells, inflammatory cytokines, and their downstream intracellular pathways. In addition, we especially address the role of inflammation in cancer development and highlight the action mechanisms of inflammation-targeted therapies in antitumor response. Finally, we summarize the results from both preclinical and clinical studies up to date to illustrate the translation potential of inflammation-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manni Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Block3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Block3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei He
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Block3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Block3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Lv H, Liu L, He Y, Yang K, Fu Y, Bao Y. Role of hippo pathway and cuproptosis-related genes in immune infiltration and prognosis of skin cutaneous melanoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1344755. [PMID: 38515849 PMCID: PMC10955143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1344755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal type of skin cancer with an increasing incidence. Cuproptosis is the most recently identified copper-dependent form of cell death that relies on mitochondrial respiration. The hippocampal (Hippo) pathway functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating Yes-associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (YAP/TAZ) activity. However, its role in cuproptosis remains unknown. In addition, the correlation of cuproptosis-related genes and Hippo pathway-related genes with tumor prognosis warrants further investigation. In the present study, we explored the correlation of cuproptosis-related genes and Hippo pathway-related genes with the prognosis of melanoma through analysis of data from a public database and experimental verification. We found eight Hippo pathway-related genes that were downregulated in melanoma and exhibited predictive value for prognosis. There was a significant positive correlation between cuproptosis-related genes and Hippo pathway-related genes in skin cutaneous melanoma. YAP1 expression was positively correlated with ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) expression in the GSE68599 dataset and A2058 cells. Moreover, YAP1 was positively and negatively correlated with M2 macrophages and regulatory T cell infiltration, respectively. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the prognostic value of Hippo pathway-related genes (particularly YAP1) in melanoma, revealing the correlation between the expression of Hippo pathway-related genes and immune infiltration. Thus, the present findings may provide new clues on the prognostic assessment of patients with melanoma and a new target for the immunotherapy of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhen Lv
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexi He
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingqiu Bao
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Qin D, Zhang Y, Shu P, Lei Y, Li X, Wang Y. Targeting tumor-infiltrating tregs for improved antitumor responses. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1325946. [PMID: 38500876 PMCID: PMC10944859 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1325946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have revolutionized the landscape of cancer treatment. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), as crucial components of the tumor immune environment, has great therapeutic potential. However, nonspecific inhibition of Tregs in therapies may not lead to enhanced antitumor responses, but could also trigger autoimmune reactions in patients, resulting in intolerable treatment side effects. Hence, the precision targeting and inhibition of tumor-infiltrating Tregs is of paramount importance. In this overview, we summarize the characteristics and subpopulations of Tregs within tumor microenvironment and their inhibitory mechanisms in antitumor responses. Furthermore, we discuss the current major strategies targeting regulatory T cells, weighing their advantages and limitations, and summarize representative clinical trials targeting Tregs in cancer treatment. We believe that developing therapies that specifically target and suppress tumor-infiltrating Tregs holds great promise for advancing immune-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyuan Qin
- Cancer Center, Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yugu Zhang
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei Shu
- Cancer Center, Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanna Lei
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Cancer Center, Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Cancer Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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19
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Wertheimer T, Zwicky P, Rindlisbacher L, Sparano C, Vermeer M, de Melo BMS, Haftmann C, Rückert T, Sethi A, Schärli S, Huber A, Ingelfinger F, Xu C, Kim D, Häne P, Fonseca da Silva A, Muschaweckh A, Nunez N, Krishnarajah S, Köhler N, Zeiser R, Oukka M, Korn T, Tugues S, Becher B. IL-23 stabilizes an effector T reg cell program in the tumor microenvironment. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:512-524. [PMID: 38356059 PMCID: PMC10907296 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a proinflammatory cytokine mainly produced by myeloid cells that promotes tumor growth in various preclinical cancer models and correlates with adverse outcomes. However, as to how IL-23 fuels tumor growth is unclear. Here, we found tumor-associated macrophages to be the main source of IL-23 in mouse and human tumor microenvironments. Among IL-23-sensing cells, we identified a subset of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T (Treg) cells that display a highly suppressive phenotype across mouse and human tumors. The use of three preclinical models of solid cancer in combination with genetic ablation of Il23r in Treg cells revealed that they are responsible for the tumor-promoting effect of IL-23. Mechanistically, we found that IL-23 sensing represents a crucial signal driving the maintenance and stabilization of effector Treg cells involving the transcription factor Foxp3. Our data support that targeting the IL-23/IL-23R axis in cancer may represent a means of eliciting antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wertheimer
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pascale Zwicky
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Rindlisbacher
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Colin Sparano
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marijne Vermeer
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Marcel Silva de Melo
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Haftmann
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tamina Rückert
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aakriti Sethi
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Schärli
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Huber
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Ingelfinger
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Xu
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daehong Kim
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Häne
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - André Fonseca da Silva
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Muschaweckh
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Nunez
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sinduya Krishnarajah
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Natalie Köhler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed Oukka
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Sonia Tugues
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Department of Inflammation Research, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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20
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Frijlink E, Bosma DM, Busselaar J, Battaglia TW, Staal MD, Verbrugge I, Borst J. PD-1 or CTLA-4 blockade promotes CD86-driven Treg responses upon radiotherapy of lymphocyte-depleted cancer in mice. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e171154. [PMID: 38349740 PMCID: PMC10940086 DOI: 10.1172/jci171154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is considered immunogenic, but clinical data demonstrating RT-induced T cell priming are scarce. Here, we show in a mouse tumor model representative of human lymphocyte-depleted cancer that RT enhanced spontaneous priming of thymus-derived (FOXP3+Helios+) Tregs by the tumor. These Tregs acquired an effector phenotype, populated the tumor, and impeded tumor control by a simultaneous, RT-induced CD8+ cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response. Combination of RT with CTLA-4 or PD-1 blockade, which enables CD28 costimulation, further increased this Treg response and failed to improve tumor control. We discovered that upon RT, the CD28 ligands CD86 and CD80 differentially affected the Treg response. CD86, but not CD80, blockade prevented the effector Treg response, enriched the tumor-draining lymph node migratory conventional DCs that were positive for PD-L1 and CD80 (PD-L1+CD80+), and promoted CTL priming. Blockade of CD86 alone or in combination with PD-1 enhanced intratumoral CTL accumulation, and the combination significantly increased RT-induced tumor regression and OS. We advise that combining RT with PD-1 and/or CTLA-4 blockade may be counterproductive in lymphocyte-depleted cancers, since these interventions drive Treg responses in this context. However, combining RT with CD86 blockade may promote the control of such tumors by enabling a CTL response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elselien Frijlink
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology and Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Douwe M.T. Bosma
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Julia Busselaar
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Thomas W. Battaglia
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology and Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mo D. Staal
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Inge Verbrugge
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology and Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jannie Borst
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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21
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Mortezaee K. Selective targeting or reprogramming of intra-tumoral Tregs. Med Oncol 2024; 41:71. [PMID: 38341821 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical immunosuppressive cells that are frequently present in the tumor microenvironment of solid cancers and enable progression of tumors toward metastasis. The cells expand in response to tumor-associated antigens and are actively involved in bypassing immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors through integrating numerous environmental signals. A point here is that Tregs are clonally distinct in peripheral blood from tumor area. Currently, an effective and novel task in cancer immunotherapy is to selectively destabilize or deplete intra-tumoral Tregs in order to avoid systemic inflammatory events. Helios is a transcription factor expressed selectively by Tregs and promotes their stabilization, and Trps1 is a master regulator of intra-tumoral Tregs. Anti-CCR8 and the IL-2Rβγ agonist Bempegaldesleukin selectively target intra-tumoral Treg population, with the former approved to not elicit autoimmunity. Disarming Treg-related immunosuppression in tumors through diverting their reprogramming or promoting naïve T cell differentiation into cells with effector immune activating profile is another promising area of research in cancer immunotherapy. Blimp-1 inhibitors and glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein agonists are example approaches that can be used for diverting Treg differentiation into Th1-like CD4+ T cells, thereby powering immunogenicity against cancer. Finally, selective target of intra-tumoral Tregs and their reprogramming into effector T cells is applicable using low-dose chemotherapy, and high-salt and high-tryptophan diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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22
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Singh R, Srivastava P, Manna PP. Evaluation of regulatory T-cells in cancer immunotherapy: therapeutic relevance of immune checkpoint inhibition. Med Oncol 2024; 41:59. [PMID: 38238513 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The evolution of the complex immune system is equipped to defend against perilous intruders and concurrently negatively regulate the deleterious effect of immune-mediated inflammation caused by self and nonself antigens. Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are specialized cells that minimize immune-mediated inflammation, but in malignancies, this feature has been exploited toward cancer progression by keeping the antitumor immune response in check. The modulation of Treg cell infiltration and their induction in the TME (tumor microenvironment) alongside associated inhibitory molecules, both soluble or membranes tethered in the TME, have proven clinically beneficial in boosting the tumoricidal activity of the immune system. Moreover, Treg-associated immune checkpoints pose a greater obstruction in cancer immunotherapy. Inhibiting or blocking active immune checkpoint signaling in combination with other therapies has proven clinically beneficial. This review summarizes the ontogeny of Treg cells and their migration, stability, and function in the TME. We also elucidate the Treg-associated checkpoint moieties that impede effective antitumor activity and harness these molecules for effective and targeted immunotherapy against cancer nuisance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Singh
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Prateek Srivastava
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Partha Pratim Manna
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
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23
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Galvez-Cancino F, Simpson AP, Costoya C, Matos I, Qian D, Peggs KS, Litchfield K, Quezada SA. Fcγ receptors and immunomodulatory antibodies in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:51-71. [PMID: 38062252 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of both cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) as negative regulators of antitumour immunity led to the development of numerous immunomodulatory antibodies as cancer treatments. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the efficacy of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-based therapies depends not only on their ability to block or engage their targets but also on the antibody's constant region (Fc) and its interactions with Fcγ receptors (FcγRs). Fc-FcγR interactions are essential for the activity of tumour-targeting antibodies, such as rituximab, trastuzumab and cetuximab, where the killing of tumour cells occurs at least in part due to these mechanisms. However, our understanding of these interactions in the context of immunomodulatory antibodies designed to boost antitumour immunity remains less explored. In this Review, we discuss our current understanding of the contribution of FcγRs to the in vivo activity of immunomodulatory antibodies and the challenges of translating results from preclinical models into the clinic. In addition, we review the impact of genetic variability of human FcγRs on the activity of therapeutic antibodies and how antibody engineering is being utilized to develop the next generation of cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Galvez-Cancino
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Alexander P Simpson
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Cristobal Costoya
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Ignacio Matos
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Danwen Qian
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Tumour Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Karl S Peggs
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Kevin Litchfield
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Tumour Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Sergio A Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
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24
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Chen H, Wang X, Wang Y, Chang X. What happens to regulatory T cells in multiple myeloma. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:468. [PMID: 38129374 PMCID: PMC10739837 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal tumor microenvironment and immune escape in multiple myeloma (MM) are associated with regulatory T cells (Tregs), which play an important role in maintaining self-tolerance and regulating the overall immune response to infection or tumor cells. In patients with MM, there are abnormalities in the number, function and distribution of Tregs, and these abnormalities may be related to the disease stage, risk grade and prognosis of patients. During the treatment, Tregs have different responses to various treatment regiments, thus affecting the therapeutic effect of MM. It is also possible to predict the therapeutic response by observing the changes of Tregs. In addition to the above, we reviewed the application of Tregs in the treatment of MM. In conclusion, there is still much room for research on the mechanism and application of Tregs in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Chen
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xueling Wang
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiaotian Chang
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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25
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Régnier P, Vetillard M, Bansard A, Pierre E, Li X, Cagnard N, Gautier EL, Guermonprez P, Manoury B, Podsypanina K, Darrasse-Jèze G. FLT3L-dependent dendritic cells control tumor immunity by modulating Treg and NK cell homeostasis. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101256. [PMID: 38118422 PMCID: PMC10772324 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
FLT3-L-dependent classical dendritic cells (cDCs) recruit anti-tumor and tumor-protecting lymphocytes. We evaluate cancer growth in mice with low, normal, or high levels of cDCs. Paradoxically, both low or high numbers of cDCs improve survival in mice with melanoma. In low cDC context, tumors are restrained by the adaptive immune system through influx of effector T cells and depletion of Tregs and NK cells. High cDC numbers favor the innate anti-tumor response, with massive recruitment of activated NK cells, despite high Treg infiltration. Anti CTLA-4 but not anti PD-1 therapy synergizes with FLT3-L therapy in the cDCHi but not in the cDCLo context. A combination of cDC boost and Treg depletion dramatically improves survival of tumor-bearing mice. Transcriptomic data confirm the paradoxical effect of cDC levels on survival in several human tumor types. cDCHi-TregLo state in such patients predicts best survival. Modulating cDC numbers via FLT3 signaling may have therapeutic potential in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Régnier
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, DMU3ID, Paris, France
| | - Mathias Vetillard
- Université de Paris Cité, Centre for Inflammation Research, INSERM U1149, CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France; Dendritic Cells and Adaptive Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Adèle Bansard
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | | | - Xinyue Li
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Cagnard
- Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel L Gautier
- Inserm, UMR_S1166, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Guermonprez
- Université de Paris Cité, Centre for Inflammation Research, INSERM U1149, CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France; Dendritic Cells and Adaptive Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Manoury
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Katrina Podsypanina
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UMR3664, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Darrasse-Jèze
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR-8253, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR_S959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.
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26
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Tang R, Wang H, Tang M. Roles of tissue-resident immune cells in immunotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1332814. [PMID: 38130725 PMCID: PMC10733439 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1332814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common and lethal type of lung cancer, with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Immunotherapy offers hope for improving the survival and quality of life of NSCLC patients, but its efficacy depends on the tumor immune microenvironment (TME). Tissue-resident immune cells are a subset of immune cells that reside in various tissues and organs, and play an important role in fighting tumors. In NSCLC, tissue-resident immune cells are heterogeneous in their distribution, phenotype, and function, and can either promote or inhibit tumor progression and response to immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the current understanding on the characteristics, interactions, and roles of tissue-resident immune cells in NSCLC. We also discuss the potential applications of tissue-resident immune cells in NSCLC immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), other immunomodulatory agents, and personalized cell-based therapies. We highlight the challenges and opportunities for developing targeted therapies for tissue-resident immune cells and optimizing existing immunotherapeutic approaches for NSCLC patients. We propose that tissue-resident immune cells are a key determinant of NSCLC outcome and immunotherapy response, and warrant further investigation in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- The School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingxi Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pathology, Yaan People's Hospital (Yaan Hospital of West China Hospital of Sichuan University), Yaan, Sichuan, China
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27
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Liu K, Yuan S, Wang C, Zhu H. Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastric cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1285343. [PMID: 38026944 PMCID: PMC10679741 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1285343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide. In the past decade, with the development of early diagnostic techniques, a clear decline in GC incidence has been observed, but its mortality remains high. The emergence of new immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has changed the treatment of GC patients to some extent. However, only a small number of patients with advanced GC have a durable response to ICI treatment, and the efficacy of ICIs is very limited. Existing studies have shown that the failure of immunotherapy is mainly related to the development of ICI resistance in patients, but the understanding of the resistance mechanism is still insufficient. Therefore, clarifying the mechanism of GC immune resistance is critical to improve its treatment and clinical benefit. In this review, we focus on summarizing the mechanisms of primary or acquired resistance to ICI immunotherapy in GC from both internal and external aspects of the tumor. At the same time, we also briefly discuss some other possible resistance mechanisms in light of current studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- The Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shiman Yuan
- The Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Jeong S, Afroz S, Kang D, Noh J, Suh J, Kim JH, You HJ, Kang HG, Kim YJ, Kim JH. Sarcoma Immunotherapy: Confronting Present Hurdles and Unveiling Upcoming Opportunities. Mol Cells 2023; 46:579-588. [PMID: 37853684 PMCID: PMC10590708 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are rare and heterogeneous mesenchymal neoplasms originating from the bone or soft tissues, which pose significant treatment challenges. The current standard treatment for sarcomas consists of surgical resection, often combined with chemo- and radiotherapy; however, local recurrence and metastasis remain significant concerns. Although immunotherapy has demonstrated promise in improving long-term survival rates for certain cancers, sarcomas are generally considered to be relatively less immunogenic than other tumors, presenting substantial challenges for effective immunotherapy. In this review, we examine the possible opportunities for sarcoma immunotherapy, noting cancer testis antigens expressed in sarcomas. We then cover the current status of immunotherapies in sarcomas, including progress in cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and adoptive cellular therapy and their potential in combating these tumors. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of immunotherapies in sarcomas, including a low tumor mutation burden and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and explore potential strategies to tackle the immunosuppressive barriers in therapeutic interventions, shedding light on the development of effective and personalized treatments for sarcomas. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current status and potential of immunotherapies in sarcoma treatment, highlighting the challenges and opportunities for developing effective therapies to improve the outcomes of patients with these rare malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehan Jeong
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sharmin Afroz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Donghyun Kang
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Noh
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jooyeon Suh
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - June Hyuk Kim
- Orthopaedic Oncology Clinic, Center for Rare Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Hye Jin You
- Cancer Microenvironment Branch, Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Hyun Guy Kang
- Orthopaedic Oncology Clinic, Center for Rare Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea
| | - Yi-Jun Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Ghorani E, Swanton C, Quezada SA. Cancer cell-intrinsic mechanisms driving acquired immune tolerance. Immunity 2023; 56:2270-2295. [PMID: 37820584 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Immune evasion is a hallmark of cancer, enabling tumors to survive contact with the host immune system and evade the cycle of immune recognition and destruction. Here, we review the current understanding of the cancer cell-intrinsic factors driving immune evasion. We focus on T cells as key effectors of anti-cancer immunity and argue that cancer cells evade immune destruction by gaining control over pathways that usually serve to maintain physiological tolerance to self. Using this framework, we place recent mechanistic advances in the understanding of cancer immune evasion into broad categories of control over T cell localization, antigen recognition, and acquisition of optimal effector function. We discuss the redundancy in the pathways involved and identify knowledge gaps that must be overcome to better target immune evasion, including the need for better, routinely available tools that incorporate the growing understanding of evasion mechanisms to stratify patients for therapy and trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Ghorani
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Department of Medical Oncology, Imperial College London Hospitals, London, UK.
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK; Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Sergio A Quezada
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK; Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Hematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
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30
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Fattori S, Le Roy A, Houacine J, Robert L, Abes R, Gorvel L, Granjeaud S, Rouvière MS, Ben Amara A, Boucherit N, Tarpin C, Pakradouni J, Charafe-Jauffret E, Houvenaeghel G, Lambaudie E, Bertucci F, Rochigneux P, Gonçalves A, Foussat A, Chrétien AS, Olive D. CD25high Effector Regulatory T Cells Hamper Responses to PD-1 Blockade in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3026-3044. [PMID: 37379438 PMCID: PMC10502453 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) impede effective antitumor immunity. However, the role of Tregs in the clinical outcomes of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains controversial. Here, we found that an immunosuppressive TNBC microenvironment is marked by an imbalance between effector αβCD8+ T cells and Tregs harboring hallmarks of highly suppressive effector Tregs (eTreg). Intratumoral eTregs strongly expressed PD-1 and persisted in patients with TNBC resistant to PD-1 blockade. Importantly, CD25 was the most selective surface marker of eTregs in primary TNBC and metastases compared with other candidate targets for eTreg depletion currently being evaluated in trials for patients with advanced TNBC. In a syngeneic TNBC model, the use of Fc-optimized, IL2 sparing, anti-CD25 antibodies synergized with PD-1 blockade to promote systemic antitumor immunity and durable tumor growth control by increasing effector αβCD8+ T-cell/Treg ratios in tumors and in the periphery. Together, this study provides the rationale for the clinical translation of anti-CD25 therapy to improve PD-1 blockade responses in patients with TNBC. SIGNIFICANCE An imbalance between effector CD8+ T cells and CD25high effector Tregs marks immunosuppressive microenvironments in αPD-1-resistant TNBC and can be reversed through effector Treg depletion to increase αPD-1 efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Fattori
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Lucie Robert
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Riad Abes
- Alderaan Biotechnology, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Gorvel
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Samuel Granjeaud
- Systems Biology Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Sarah Rouvière
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Amira Ben Amara
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Boucherit
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Carole Tarpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Jihane Pakradouni
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovations, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret
- Department of Pathology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Houvenaeghel
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Lambaudie
- Department of Pathology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - François Bertucci
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Rochigneux
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Gonçalves
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
| | | | - Anne-Sophie Chrétien
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
- Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Alderaan Biotechnology, Paris, France
- Faculty of Medical and Paramedic Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, UM105, Marseille, France
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Pérez-Baños A, Gleisner MA, Flores I, Pereda C, Navarrete M, Araya JP, Navarro G, Quezada-Monrás C, Tittarelli A, Salazar-Onfray F. Whole tumour cell-based vaccines: tuning the instruments to orchestrate an optimal antitumour immune response. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:572-585. [PMID: 37355722 PMCID: PMC10421921 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, particularly those based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has become a useful approach for many neoplastic diseases. Despite the improvements of ICIs in supporting tumour regression and prolonging survival, many patients do not respond or develop resistance to treatment. Thus, therapies that enhance antitumour immunity, such as anticancer vaccines, constitute a feasible and promising therapeutic strategy. Whole tumour cell (WTC) vaccines have been extensively tested in clinical studies as intact or genetically modified cells or tumour lysates, injected directly or loaded on DCs with distinct adjuvants. The essential requirements of WTC vaccines include the optimal delivery of a broad battery of tumour-associated antigens, the presence of tumour cell-derived molecular danger signals, and adequate adjuvants. These factors trigger an early and robust local innate inflammatory response that orchestrates an antigen-specific and proinflammatory adaptive antitumour response capable of controlling tumour growth by several mechanisms. In this review, the strengths and weaknesses of our own and others' experiences in studying WTC vaccines are revised to discuss the essential elements required to increase anticancer vaccine effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarilis Pérez-Baños
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Alejandra Gleisner
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván Flores
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristián Pereda
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariela Navarrete
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Araya
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Giovanna Navarro
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5110566, Chile
| | - Claudia Quezada-Monrás
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5110566, Chile
| | - Andrés Tittarelli
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PIDi), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana (UTEM), Santiago, Chile.
| | - Flavio Salazar-Onfray
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and Section for Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
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32
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Chouari T, La Costa FS, Merali N, Jessel MD, Sivakumar S, Annels N, Frampton AE. Advances in Immunotherapeutics in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4265. [PMID: 37686543 PMCID: PMC10486452 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for up to 95% of all pancreatic cancer cases and is the seventh-leading cause of cancer death. Poor prognosis is a result of late presentation, a lack of screening tests and the fact some patients develop resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Novel therapies like immunotherapeutics have been of recent interest in pancreatic cancer. However, this field remains in its infancy with much to unravel. Immunotherapy and other targeted therapies have yet to yield significant progress in treating PDAC, primarily due to our limited understanding of the disease immune mechanisms and its intricate interactions with the tumour microenvironment (TME). In this review we provide an overview of current novel immunotherapies which have been studied in the field of pancreatic cancer. We discuss their mechanisms, evidence available in pancreatic cancer as well as the limitations of such therapies. We showcase the potential role of combining novel therapies in PDAC, postulate their potential clinical implications and the hurdles associated with their use in PDAC. Therapies discussed with include programmed death checkpoint inhibitors, Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T cell therapy, oncolytic viral therapy and vaccine therapies including KRAS vaccines, Telomerase vaccines, Gastrin Vaccines, Survivin-targeting vaccines, Heat-shock protein (HSP) peptide complex-based vaccines, MUC-1 targeting vaccines, Listeria based vaccines and Dendritic cell-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarak Chouari
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Department, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford GU2 7XX, UK; (T.C.); (F.S.L.C.); (N.M.)
- Section of Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK; (M.-D.J.); (N.A.)
| | - Francesca Soraya La Costa
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Department, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford GU2 7XX, UK; (T.C.); (F.S.L.C.); (N.M.)
| | - Nabeel Merali
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Department, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford GU2 7XX, UK; (T.C.); (F.S.L.C.); (N.M.)
- Section of Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK; (M.-D.J.); (N.A.)
- The Minimal Access Therapy Training Unit, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK
| | - Maria-Danae Jessel
- Section of Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK; (M.-D.J.); (N.A.)
| | - Shivan Sivakumar
- Oncology Department and Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Birmingham Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Nicola Annels
- Section of Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK; (M.-D.J.); (N.A.)
| | - Adam E. Frampton
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Department, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford GU2 7XX, UK; (T.C.); (F.S.L.C.); (N.M.)
- Section of Oncology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK; (M.-D.J.); (N.A.)
- The Minimal Access Therapy Training Unit, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7WG, UK
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Gadwa J, Amann M, Bickett TE, Knitz MW, Darragh LB, Piper M, Van Court B, Bukkapatnam S, Pham TT, Wang XJ, Saviola AJ, Deak LC, Umaña P, Klein C, D'Alessandro A, Karam SD. Selective targeting of IL2Rβγ combined with radiotherapy triggers CD8- and NK-mediated immunity, abrogating metastasis in HNSCC. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101150. [PMID: 37586327 PMCID: PMC10439274 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of cancer immunotherapies has seen limited clinical success in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Interleukin-2 (IL-2), which modulates the survival and functionality of lymphocytes, is an attractive target for new immunotherapies but one that is limited by presence of regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing the high-affinity IL-2Rα. The bispecific immunocytokine PD1-IL2v preferentially delivers IL-2 signaling through IL-2Rβγ on PD-1-expressing cells. Selectively targeting the intermediate-affinity IL-2Rβγ can be leveraged to induce anti-tumor immune responses in effector T cells and natural killer (NK) cells while limiting the negative regulation of IL-2Rα activation on Tregs. Using radiation therapy (RT) in combination with PD1-IL2v improves local tumor control and survival, and controls metastatic spread in orthotopic HNSCC tumor models. PD1-IL2v drives systemic activation and expansion of circulating and tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells and NK cells while limiting Treg-mediated immunosuppression. These data show that PD1-L2v induces durable systemic tumor control in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Gadwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maria Amann
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Thomas E Bickett
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michael W Knitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Laurel B Darragh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Miles Piper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Benjamin Van Court
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sanjana Bukkapatnam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tiffany T Pham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anthony J Saviola
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Laura Codarri Deak
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Umaña
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christian Klein
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sana D Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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34
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Zhao S, Wu S, Jiang S, Zhao G, Wang B. Developing Effective Cancer Vaccines Using Rendered-Inactive Tumor Cells. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1330. [PMID: 37631898 PMCID: PMC10458160 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major public health threat, and researchers are constantly looking for new ways to develop effective treatments. One approach is the use of cancer vaccines, which work by boosting the body's immune system to fight cancer. The goal of this study was to develop an effective cancer vaccine using rendered-inactive tumor cells. A CMS5 fibrosarcoma tumor model in BALB/c mice and an E.G7 lymphoma tumor model in C57BL/6 mice were used to evaluate how mitomycin C-inactivated tumor cells mediated tumor protection. The results showed that immunization with inactivated CMS5 cells significantly improved tumor suppression after a challenge with live CMS5 tumor cells, but no effect was observed using the E.G7 tumor model. The results suggested that DC (dendritic cell) responses to tumor antigens are critical. The maturation and activation of DCs were effectively promoted by mitomycin C-treated CMS5 cells, as well as enhanced phagocytosis ability in vitro. The tumor-protective effects established by the vaccination of inactivated CMS5 cells were CD8+ T cell-dependent, as the antitumor responses disappeared after eliminating CD8+ T cells. It was found that the tumor-prevention efficacy was dramatically increased by combining inactivated CM55 tumor cells with anti-CD25 antibodies to temporarily deplete Treg cells (regulatory T cells). This strategy could also significantly induce the rejection against E.G7 tumors. In addition, vaccination with anti-CD25 antibodies plus inactivated CMS5 cells elicited antitumor responses against heterologous tumors. According to the findings of this study, combining the immunization of inactivated tumor cells with an anti-CD25 antibody may be an effective method for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.Z.); (S.W.); (S.J.); (G.Z.)
| | - Shuting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.Z.); (S.W.); (S.J.); (G.Z.)
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.Z.); (S.W.); (S.J.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.Z.); (S.W.); (S.J.); (G.Z.)
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (S.Z.); (S.W.); (S.J.); (G.Z.)
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Li Q, Wang X, Song Q, Yang S, Wu X, Yang D, Marié IJ, Qin H, Zheng M, Nasri U, Kong X, Wang B, Lizhar E, Cassady K, Tompkins J, Levy D, Martin PJ, Zhang X, Zeng D. Donor T cell STAT3 deficiency enables tissue PD-L1-dependent prevention of graft-versus-host disease while preserving graft-versus-leukemia activity. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e165723. [PMID: 37526084 PMCID: PMC10378157 DOI: 10.1172/jci165723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
STAT3 deficiency (STAT3-/-) in donor T cells prevents graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but the impact on graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) activity and mechanisms of GVHD prevention remains unclear. Here, using murine models of GVHD, we show that STAT3-/- donor T cells induced only mild reversible acute GVHD while preserving GVL effects against nonsusceptible acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells in a donor T cell dose-dependent manner. GVHD prevention depended on programmed death ligand 1/programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-L1/PD-1) signaling. In GVHD target tissues, STAT3 deficiency amplified PD-L1/PD-1 inhibition of glutathione (GSH)/Myc pathways that regulate metabolic reprogramming in activated T cells, with decreased glycolytic and mitochondrial ATP production and increased mitochondrial ROS production and dysfunction, leading to tissue-specific deletion of host-reactive T cells and prevention of GVHD. Mitochondrial STAT3 deficiency alone did not reduce GSH expression or prevent GVHD. In lymphoid tissues, the lack of host-tissue PD-L1 interaction with PD-1 reduced the inhibition of the GSH/Myc pathway despite reduced GSH production caused by STAT3 deficiency and allowed donor T cell functions that mediate GVL activity. Therefore, STAT3 deficiency in donor T cells augments PD-1 signaling-mediated inhibition of GSH/Myc pathways and augments dysfunction of T cells in GVHD target tissues while sparing T cells in lymphoid tissues, leading to prevention of GVHD while preserving GVL effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinjian Li
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Qingxiao Song
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
- Fujian Medical University Center of Translational Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, and Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Dongyun Yang
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Isabelle J Marié
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Hanjun Qin
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Moqian Zheng
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Ubaydah Nasri
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Xiaohui Kong
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Bixin Wang
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
- Fujian Medical University Center of Translational Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, and Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Elizabeth Lizhar
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Kaniel Cassady
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Josh Tompkins
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - David Levy
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Paul J Martin
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Defu Zeng
- Arthur D. Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, The Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
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Lax BM, Palmeri JR, Lutz EA, Sheen A, Stinson JA, Duhamel L, Santollani L, Kennedy A, Rothschilds AM, Spranger S, Sansom DM, Wittrup KD. Both intratumoral regulatory T cell depletion and CTLA-4 antagonism are required for maximum efficacy of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300895120. [PMID: 37487077 PMCID: PMC10400942 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300895120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-CTLA-4 antibodies have successfully elicited durable tumor regression in the clinic; however, long-term benefit is limited to a subset of patients for select cancer indications. The incomplete understanding of their mechanism of action has hindered efforts at improvement, with conflicting hypotheses proposing either antagonism of the CTLA-4:B7 axis or Fc effector-mediated regulatory T cell (Treg) depletion governing efficacy. Here, we report the engineering of a nonantagonistic CTLA-4 binding domain (b1s1e2) that depletes intratumoral Tregs as an Fc fusion. Comparison of b1s1e2-Fc to 9d9, an antagonistic anti-CTLA-4 antibody, allowed for interrogation of the separate contributions of CTLA-4 antagonism and Treg depletion to efficacy. Despite equivalent levels of intratumoral Treg depletion, 9d9 achieved more long-term cures than b1s1e2-Fc in MC38 tumors, demonstrating that CTLA-4 antagonism provided additional survival benefit. Consistent with prior reports that CTLA-4 antagonism enhances priming, treatment with 9d9, but not b1s1e2-Fc, increased the percentage of activated T cells in the tumor-draining lymph node (tdLN). Treg depletion with either construct was restricted to the tumor due to insufficient surface CTLA-4 expression on Tregs in other compartments. Through intratumoral administration of diphtheria toxin in Foxp3-DTR mice, we show that depletion of both intratumoral and nodal Tregs provided even greater survival benefit than 9d9, consistent with Treg-driven restraint of priming in the tdLN. Our data demonstrate that anti-CTLA-4 therapies require both CTLA-4 antagonism and intratumoral Treg depletion for maximum efficacy-but that potential future therapies also capable of depleting nodal Tregs could show efficacy in the absence of CTLA-4 antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna M. Lax
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Joseph R. Palmeri
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Emi A. Lutz
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Allison Sheen
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Jordan A. Stinson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Lauren Duhamel
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Luciano Santollani
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Alan Kennedy
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, LondonNW3 2PP, United Kingdom
| | - Adrienne M. Rothschilds
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Stefani Spranger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - David M. Sansom
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, LondonNW3 2PP, United Kingdom
| | - K. Dane Wittrup
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
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Zhou J, Chu X, Zhao J, Xie M, Wu J, Yu X, Fang Y, Li Y, Li X, Su C. Full spectrum flow cytometry-powered comprehensive analysis of PBMC as biomarkers for immunotherapy in NSCLC with EGFR-TKI resistance. Biol Proced Online 2023; 25:21. [PMID: 37488517 PMCID: PMC10364374 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-023-00215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies suggest that immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy has limited benefits in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) failure. However, data about efficacy of ICI plus chemotherapy remain controversial, probably attributed to the heterogeneity among such population, and robust efficacy biomarkers are urgent to explore. METHODS A total of 60 eligible patients who received ICI plus chemotherapy after EGFR-TKI treatment failure were enrolled, 24 of whom peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples were collected at baseline and after 2 cycles of treatment. We have designed a 23-color-antibody panel to detect PBMC by full spectrum flow cytometry. RESULTS For EGFR-TKI resistant NSCLC patients: 1) ICI plus chemotherapy achieved an objective response rate (ORR) of 21.7% and a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 6.4 months. 2) clinical characteristics associated with worse efficacy included liver metastasis and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) > 200. 3) the proportion of immune cell subset associated with better efficacy was higher baseline effective CD4+T cells (E4). 4) the baseline expression of immune checkpoint proteins (ICPs) on cell subsets associated with better efficacy included: higher expression of CD25 on dendritic cells (DC) and central memory CD8+T cells (CM8), and higher expression of Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) on effective memory CD8+T cells (EM8). 5) the expression of ICPs after 2 cycles of treatment associated with better efficacy included: higher expression of CD25 on CD8+T/EM8 /natural killer (NK) cells. 6) the dynamic changes of ICPs expression associated with worse efficacy included: significantly decrease of T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) expression on regular T cells (Tregs) and decrease of V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) expression on Th1. 7) a prediction model for the efficacy of ICI plus chemotherapy was successfully constructed with a sensitivity of 62.5%, specificity of 100%, and area under curve (AUC) = 0.817. CONCLUSIONS Some EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC patients could indeed benefit from ICI plus chemotherapy, but most patients are primary resistant to immunotherapy. Comprehensive analysis of peripheral immune cells using full spectrum flow cytometry showed that compared to the proportion of cell subsets, the expression type and level of ICPs on immune cells, especially CD25, were significantly correlated with the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Department of Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital &, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200043, China
| | - Xiangling Chu
- Department of Oncology, Department of Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital &, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200043, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Department of Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital &, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200043, China
| | - Mengqing Xie
- Department of Oncology, Department of Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital &, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200043, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Oncology, Department of Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital &, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200043, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Oncology, Department of Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital &, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200043, China
| | - Yujia Fang
- Department of Oncology, Department of Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital &, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200043, China
| | - Yazhou Li
- Righton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyan Li
- Righton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Su
- Department of Oncology, Department of Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital &, Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200043, China.
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38
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Cai C, Zhou K, Jing J, Ren Y, Weng G, Cen D, Wang X, Huang S. Confirmation of the predictive function of cuproptosis-related gene FDX1 in clear cell renal carcinoma using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:6117-6134. [PMID: 37432054 PMCID: PMC10373983 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cuproptosis is a novel cell death mechanism, and FDX1 is a key gene associated with cuproptosis. However, it is unclear whether FDX1 has prognostic and immunotherapeutic value for clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC). METHODS Data on FDX1 expression in ccRCC were extracted from various databases and validated using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Moreover, the survival prognosis, clinical features, methylation, and biological functions of FDX1 were evaluated, and the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score was used to explore the immunotherapy response to FDX1 in ccRCC. RESULTS The expression of FDX1 in ccRCC tissues was significantly lower than that in normal tissues, as validated by qRT-PCR and western blotting of patient samples (P < 0.01). Moreover, low FDX1 expression was related to shorter survival time and high immune activation, as indicated by alterations in the tumor mutational burden and tumor microenvironment, stronger immune cell infiltration and immunosuppression point expression, and a higher TIDE score. CONCLUSIONS FDX1 could serve as a novel and accessible biomarker for predicting survival prognosis, tumor immune landscape, and immune responses in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congbo Cai
- Department of Emergency, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kena Zhou
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Department of Laboratory, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Ren
- Department of Laboratory, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guobin Weng
- Department of Laboratory, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Cen
- Department of Laboratory, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuaishuai Huang
- Department of Laboratory, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
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Wang Y, Yang S, Wan L, Ling W, Chen H, Wang J. New developments in the mechanism and application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy (Review). Int J Oncol 2023; 63:86. [PMID: 37326100 PMCID: PMC10308343 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been demonstrated in the treatment of numerous types of cancer and ICIs have remained a key focus of cancer research. However, improvements in survival rates only occur in a subset of patients, due to the complexity of drug resistance. Therefore, further investigations are required to identify predictive biomarkers that distinguish responders and non‑responders. Combined therapeutics involving ICIs and other modalities demonstrate potential in overcoming resistance to ICIs; however, further preclinical and clinical trials are required. Concurrently, prompt recognition and intervention of immune‑related adverse events are crucial to optimize the use of ICIs in clinical treatment. The present study aimed to review the current literature surrounding the mechanisms and application of ICIs, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Wang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510062
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060
| | - Wei Ling
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080
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Wang B, Han Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Wang H, Wei J, Meng L, Xin Y, Jiang X. Overcoming acquired resistance to cancer immune checkpoint therapy: potential strategies based on molecular mechanisms. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:120. [PMID: 37386520 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 to boost tumor-specific T lymphocyte immunity have opened up new avenues for the treatment of various histological types of malignancies, with the possibility of durable responses and improved survival. However, the development of acquired resistance to ICI therapy over time after an initial response remains a major obstacle in cancer therapeutics. The potential mechanisms of acquired resistance to ICI therapy are still ambiguous. In this review, we focused on the current understanding of the mechanisms of acquired resistance to ICIs, including the lack of neoantigens and effective antigen presentation, mutations of IFN-γ/JAK signaling, and activation of alternate inhibitory immune checkpoints, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, epigenetic modification, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiome. Further, based on these mechanisms, potential therapeutic strategies to reverse the resistance to ICIs, which could provide clinical benefits to cancer patients, are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
- Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yin Han
- Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Department of Pathology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
- Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Department of Pathology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jinlong Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lingbin Meng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, China.
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Duan M, Yu C, Yang Y, Fu Z, Liu C, Du J, Li M, Guo S, Yu X, Xu G, Mei Y, Wang L. Establishing a novel and sensitive assay for bioactivity determination of anti-CD25 antibodies. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17401. [PMID: 37416689 PMCID: PMC10320283 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-CD25 antibodies have been approved for renal transplantation and has been used prior to and during transplantation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, no reported bioassays have been reflected the mechanism of action (MOA) of anti-CD25 antibodies. Here, we describe the development and validation of a reporter gene assay (RGA) based on the engineered C8166-STAT5RE-Luc cells expressing endogenous IL-2 receptors and a STAT5-inducible element-driven firefly luciferase in C8166 cell lines. The RGA was fully validated according to the International Conference on the Harmonization of Technical Requirements for the Registration of Pharmaceuticals for the Human Use-Q2 (ICH-Q2). After optimization, the assay showed excellent specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. Due to the MOA relatedness and the excellent assay performance, the RGA is suitable for exploring the critical quality attributes (CQAs), release inspection, comparability and stability of anti-CD25 mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lan Wang
- Corresponding author. Division of Monoclonal Antibody Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, 31# HUATUO Road, Beijing 102629, China.
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Marchenko S, Piwonski I, Hoffmann I, Sinn BV, Kunze CA, Monjé N, Pohl J, Kulbe H, Schmitt WD, Darb-Esfahani S, Braicu EI, von Brünneck AC, Sehouli J, Denkert C, Horst D, Jöhrens K, Taube ET. Prognostic value of regulatory T cells and T helper 17 cells in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:2523-2536. [PMID: 35763108 PMCID: PMC10129928 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In recent years the tumor microenvironment and its interaction with the tumor has emerged into research focus with increased attention to the composition of Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. We wanted to quantify the composition of Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper 17 cells (Th17 cells) and their prognostic impact in high-grade serous tubo-ovarian carcinoma. METHODS Tregs and Th17 cells were determined by immunohistochemical analysis of CD25 FoxP3 and RORγt, respectively on tissue microarrays of a cohort of 222 patients with reviewed histology and available clinical data. Expression was analyzed with Qupath for quantification and integration with clinical data enabled calculation of prognostic impact. For validation FOXP3 and RORC mRNA expression levels from 502 patients with HGSC in publicly available datasets were evaluated. RESULTS An average percentage of 0.93 Tregs and of 0.06 Th17 cells was detected per cells in overall tissue. Optimal cut-offs were determined and higher Tregs were associated with a better overall survival in stroma (p = 0.006), tumor area (p = 0.0012) and overall tissue (p = 0.02). After accounting for well-known prognostic factors age at diagnosis, residual tumor and FIGO stage, this association remained significant for stromal Tregs with overall survival (p = 0.02). Survival analysis for Th17 cells revealed no significant association with survival rates. Moreover, lower Th17/Treg ratios had a positive impact on patient overall survival (p = 0.025 tumor, p = 0.049 stroma and p = 0.016 overall tissue). CONCLUSION Our results outline a positive prognostic effect for higher Tregs but not for Th17 in high grade serous tubo-ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofya Marchenko
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iris Piwonski
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inga Hoffmann
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bruno Valentin Sinn
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Catarina Alisa Kunze
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nanna Monjé
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonathan Pohl
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hagen Kulbe
- Tumorbank Ovarian Cancer Network, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Gynecology, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Daniel Schmitt
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Elena Ioana Braicu
- Tumorbank Ovarian Cancer Network, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Gynecology, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin von Brünneck
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Tumorbank Ovarian Cancer Network, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Gynecology, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - David Horst
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Korinna Jöhrens
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eliane Tabea Taube
- Institute of Pathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Shen N, Chen S, Liu D, Min X, Tan Q. Cuproptosis-related classification and personalized treatment in lower-grade gliomas to prompt precise oncology. J Gene Med 2023; 25:e3486. [PMID: 36814111 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cuproptosis is implicated in regulating tricarboxylic acid cycle and associated with tumor therapeutic sensitivity, patient outcomes and tumorigenesis. However, the classification and prognostic effect of cuproptosis-associated genes (CAGs), the relationship between cuproptosis and tumor microenvironment (TME) and the treatment of lower-grade glioma (LrGG) remain enigmatic. METHODS The genetic and transcriptional alterations, prognostic value and classification related to cuproptosis were systematically analyzed. Subtypes of cuproptosis and cuproptosis score (Cuscore) were constructed and further confirmed by two external cohorts. The relationships between cuproptosis and TME, prognosis, and treatment response were also evaluated. RESULTS Four clusters were identified based on cuproptosis-associated genes. The associations between cuproptosis-associated clusters and clinical features, prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and chemotherapy sensitivity were observed. The Cuscore is an independent prognostic indicator in LrGG patients. The nomogram is constructed according to Cuscore and clinical characteristics, and has good predictive ability and calibration. Patients with high Cuscore had a worse prognosis and advanced performance. A higher Cuscore also indicated a higher stromal score, abundant immune infiltration, and increased tumor mutation burden. A high Cuscore was remarkably related to immune checkpoint inhibitors, immunotherapy response and immune phenotype. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the clinical effect of CAGs, and suggests that cuproptosis could be a potential therapeutic target in LrGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxi Shen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Chen
- United Imaging Intelligence, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangde Min
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinghai Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Lin Q, Zhong Y, Wang B. Mafosfamide Boosts GMI-HBVac against HBV via Treg Depletion in HBV-Infected Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1026. [PMID: 37376415 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B infection remains a significant worldwide health burden, placing persons at risk for hepatocellular cancer and hepatic fibrosis. Chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection is characterized by elevated levels of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs), which can inhibit the function of effector T cells and lead to an insufficient immune clearance response against HBV. Theoretically, suppression of Treg cell functionality and percentage could increase anti-HBV reactivity in CHB-infected patients, although this has not yet been explored. We attempted to enhance our previously established anti-CHB protocol utilizing the GM-CSF+IFN-α+rHBVvac regimen (GMI-HBVac) by incorporating mafosfamide (MAF), which has been utilized in anticancer therapy in the past. Intravenous administration of MAF to rAAV8-1.3HBV-infected mice resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of Tregs in the blood, rebounding to pretreatment levels 10 days later. To assess the potential benefit of adding MAF to the anti-CHB protocol, 2 μg/mL MAF was combined with the GMI-HBVac as an anti-Treg treatment in an HBV-infected animal model. When rAAV8-1.3HBV-infected mice were immunized with MAF+GMI-HBVac, peripheral blood Tregs decreased significantly, leading to dendritic cell activation, HBV-specific T cell proliferation, and the upregulation of IFN-gamma-producing CD8+T cells. In addition, MAF+GMI-HBVac vaccination stimulated T cell infiltration in HBV-infected livers. These effects may contribute to an enhanced immune response and the clearance of HBV-associated antigens, including serum HBsAg, serum HBcAg, and HBcAg+ hepatocytes. Overall, this is the first indication that MAF can act as an adjuvant with GMI-HBVac to deplete Tregs in mice with an established CHB infection. This unique therapeutic vaccine regimen produced a functional cure, as revealed by the remarkable clearance of HBsAg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiwei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
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45
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Suzuki K, Kunisada Y, Miyamura N, Eikawa S, Hurtado de Mendoza T, Mose ES, Lu C, Kuroda Y, Ruoslahti E, Lowy AM, Sugahara KN. Tumor-resident regulatory T cells in pancreatic cancer express the αvβ5 integrin as a targetable activation marker. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.24.542137. [PMID: 37292693 PMCID: PMC10245898 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.24.542137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has abundant immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs), which contribute to a microenvironment resistant to immunotherapy. Here, we report that Tregs in the PDAC tissue, but not those in the spleen, express the αvβ5 integrin in addition to neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), which makes them susceptible to the iRGD tumor-penetrating peptide, which targets cells positive for αv integrin- and NRP-1. As a result, long-term treatment of PDAC mice with iRGD leads to tumor-specific depletion of Tregs and improved efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. αvβ5 integrin + Tregs are induced from both naïve CD4 + T cells and natural Tregs upon T cell receptor stimulation, and represent a highly immunosuppressive subpopulation of CCR8 + Tregs. This study identifies the αvβ5 integrin as a marker for activated tumor-resident Tregs, which can be targeted to achieve tumor-specific Treg depletion and thereby augment anti-tumor immunity for PDAC therapy.
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van Gulijk M, van Krimpen A, Schetters S, Eterman M, van Elsas M, Mankor J, Klaase L, de Bruijn M, van Nimwegen M, van Tienhoven T, van Ijcken W, Boon L, van der Schoot J, Verdoes M, Scheeren F, van der Burg SH, Lambrecht BN, Stadhouders R, Dammeijer F, Aerts J, van Hall T. PD-L1 checkpoint blockade promotes regulatory T cell activity that underlies therapy resistance. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabn6173. [PMID: 37205768 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn6173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite the clinical success of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), in certain cancer types, most patients with cancer do not respond well. Furthermore, in patients for whom ICB is initially successful, this is often short-lived because of the development of resistance to ICB. The mechanisms underlying primary or secondary ICB resistance are incompletely understood. Here, we identified preferential activation and enhanced suppressive capacity of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in αPD-L1 therapy-resistant solid tumor-bearing mice. Treg cell depletion reversed resistance to αPD-L1 with concomitant expansion of effector T cells. Moreover, we found that tumor-infiltrating Treg cells in human patients with skin cancer, and in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, up-regulated a suppressive transcriptional gene program after ICB treatment, which correlated with lack of treatment response. αPD-1/PD-L1-induced PD-1+ Treg cell activation was also seen in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer and mesothelioma, especially in nonresponders. Together, these data reveal that treatment with αPD-1 and αPD-L1 unleashes the immunosuppressive role of Treg cells, resulting in therapy resistance, suggesting that Treg cell targeting is an important adjunct strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy van Gulijk
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anneloes van Krimpen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Schetters
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mike Eterman
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marit van Elsas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Joanne Mankor
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Larissa Klaase
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein de Bruijn
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Menno van Nimwegen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tim van Tienhoven
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wilfred van Ijcken
- Department of Biomics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Johan van der Schoot
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ferenc Scheeren
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Floris Dammeijer
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joachim Aerts
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thorbald van Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Geels SN, Moshensky A, Sousa RS, Walker BL, Singh R, Gutierrez G, Hwang M, Mempel TR, Nie Q, Othy S, Marangoni F. Interruption of the Intratumor CD8:Treg Crosstalk Improves the Efficacy of PD-1 Immunotherapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.15.540889. [PMID: 37292782 PMCID: PMC10245792 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.15.540889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PD-1 blockade unleashes the potent antitumor activity of CD8 cells but can also promote immunosuppressive T regulatory (Treg) cells, which may worsen response to immunotherapy. Tumor Treg inhibition is a promising strategy to overcome therapeutic resistance; however, the mechanisms supporting tumor Tregs during PD-1 immunotherapy are largely unexplored. Here, we report that PD-1 blockade increases tumor Tregs in mouse models of immunogenic tumors, including melanoma, and metastatic melanoma patients. Unexpectedly, Treg accumulation was not caused by Treg-intrinsic inhibition of PD-1 signaling but instead depended on an indirect effect of activated CD8 cells. CD8 cells colocalized with Tregs within tumors and produced IL-2, especially after PD-1 immunotherapy. IL-2 upregulated the anti-apoptotic protein ICOS on tumor Tregs, causing their accumulation. ICOS signaling inhibition before PD-1 immunotherapy resulted in increased control of immunogenic melanoma. Thus, interrupting the intratumor CD8:Treg crosstalk is a novel strategy that may enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients.
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48
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Zhang J, Jiang S, Gu D, Zhang W, Shen X, Qu M, Yang C, Wang Y, Gao X. Identification of novel molecular subtypes and a signature to predict prognosis and therapeutic response based on cuproptosis-related genes in prostate cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1162653. [PMID: 37205181 PMCID: PMC10185853 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1162653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor of the male urinary system. Cuproptosis, as a novel regulated cell death, remains unclear in PCa. This study aimed to investigate the role of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in molecular stratification, prognostic prediction, and clinical decision-making in PCa. Methods Cuproptosis-related molecular subtypes were identified by consensus clustering analysis. A prognostic signature was constructed with LASSO cox regression analyses with 10-fold cross-validation. It was further validated in the internal validation cohort and eight external validation cohorts. The tumor microenvironment between the two risk groups was compared using the ssGSEA and ESTIMATE algorithms. Finally, qRT-PCR was used to explore the expression and regulation of these model genes at the cellular level. Furthermore, 4D Label-Free LC-MS/MS and RNAseq were used to investigate the changes in CRGs at protein and RNA levels after the knockdown of the key model gene B4GALNT4. Results Two cuproptosis-related molecular subtypes with significant differences in prognoses, clinical features, and the immune microenvironment were identified. Immunosuppressive microenvironments were associated with poor prognosis. A prognostic signature comprised of five genes (B4GALNT4, FAM83D, COL1A, CHRM3, and MYBPC1) was constructed. The performance and generalizability of the signature were validated in eight completely independent datasets from multiple centers. Patients in the high-risk group had a poorer prognosis, more immune cell infiltration, more active immune-related functions, higher expression of human leukocyte antigen and immune checkpoint molecules, and higher immune scores. In addition, anti-PDL-1 immunotherapy prediction, somatic mutation, chemotherapy response prediction, and potential drug prediction were also analyzed based on the risk signature. The validation of five model genes' expression and regulation in qPCR was consistent with the results of bioinformatics analysis. Transcriptomics and proteomics analyses revealed that the key model gene B4GALNT4 might regulate CRGs through protein modification after transcription. Conclusion The cuproptosis-related molecular subtypes and the prognostic signature identified in this study could be used to predict the prognosis and contribute to the clinical decision-making of PCa. Furthermore, we identified a potential cuproptosis-related oncogene B4GALNT4 in PCa, which could be used as a target to treat PCa in combination with cuproptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jili Zhang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoqin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Urology, Fujian Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Di Gu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianqi Shen
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Qu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghua Yang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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van Hooren L, Handgraaf SM, Kloosterman DJ, Karimi E, van Mil LWHG, Gassama AA, Solsona BG, de Groot MHP, Brandsma D, Quail DF, Walsh LA, Borst GR, Akkari L. CD103 + regulatory T cells underlie resistance to radio-immunotherapy and impair CD8 + T cell activation in glioblastoma. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:665-681. [PMID: 37081259 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas are aggressive primary brain tumors with an inherent resistance to T cell-centric immunotherapy due to their low mutational burden and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here we report that fractionated radiotherapy of preclinical glioblastoma models induce a tenfold increase in T cell content. Orthogonally, spatial imaging mass cytometry shows T cell enrichment in human recurrent tumors compared with matched primary glioblastoma. In glioblastoma-bearing mice, α-PD-1 treatment applied at the peak of T cell infiltration post-radiotherapy results in a modest survival benefit compared with concurrent α-PD-1 administration. Following α-PD-1 therapy, CD103+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) with upregulated lipid metabolism accumulate in the tumor microenvironment, and restrain immune checkpoint blockade response by repressing CD8+ T cell activation. Treg targeting elicits tertiary lymphoid structure formation, enhances CD4+ and CD8+ T cell frequency and function and unleashes radio-immunotherapeutic efficacy. These results support the rational design of therapeutic regimens limiting the induction of immunosuppressive feedback pathways in the context of T cell immunotherapy in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luuk van Hooren
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Shanna M Handgraaf
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daan J Kloosterman
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elham Karimi
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lotte W H G van Mil
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Awa A Gassama
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Beatriz Gomez Solsona
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marnix H P de Groot
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dieta Brandsma
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniela F Quail
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Logan A Walsh
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gerben R Borst
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - Leila Akkari
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Liu S, Sun Q, Ren X. Novel strategies for cancer immunotherapy: counter-immunoediting therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:38. [PMID: 37055849 PMCID: PMC10099030 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of immunotherapy has made an indelible mark on the field of cancer therapy, especially the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in clinical practice. Although immunotherapy has proven its efficacy and safety in some tumors, many patients still have innate or acquired resistance to immunotherapy. The emergence of this phenomenon is closely related to the highly heterogeneous immune microenvironment formed by tumor cells after undergoing cancer immunoediting. The process of cancer immunoediting refers to the cooperative interaction between tumor cells and the immune system that involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape. During these phases, conflicting interactions between the immune system and tumor cells result in the formation of a complex immune microenvironment, which contributes to the acquisition of different levels of immunotherapy resistance in tumor cells. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of different phases of cancer immunoediting and the corresponding therapeutic tools, and we propose normalized therapeutic strategies based on immunophenotyping. The process of cancer immunoediting is retrograded through targeted interventions in different phases of cancer immunoediting, making immunotherapy in the context of precision therapy the most promising therapy to cure cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochuan Liu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, 300060, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, 300060, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, 300060, Tianjin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, 300060, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, 300060, Tianjin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, 300060, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China.
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