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Brum EDS, Fialho MFP, Becker G, Nogueira CW, Oliveira SM. Involvement of peripheral mast cells in a fibromyalgia model in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176385. [PMID: 38311276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a painful disorder of unknown aetiology that presents activation and recruitment of innate immune cells, including mast cells. Efforts have been made to understand its pathogenesis to manage it better. Thus, we explored the involvement of peripheral mast cells in an experimental model of fibromyalgia induced by reserpine. Reserpine (1 mg/kg) was subcutaneously (s.c.) injected once daily in the back of male Swiss mice for three consecutive days. We analysed mechanical and cold allodynia, muscle fatigue and number of mast cell in plantar tissue. The fibromyalgia induction produced mast cell infiltration (i.e., mastocytosis) in the mice's plantar tissue. The depletion of mast cell mediators with the compound 48/80 (0.5-4 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) or the mast cell membrane stabilizer ketotifen fumarate (10 mg/kg, oral route (p.o.) widely (80-90 %) and extensively (from 1 up to 10 days) prevented reserpine-induced mechanical and cold allodynia and muscle fatigue. Compound 48/80 also prevented the reserpine-induced mastocytosis. Finally, we demonstrated that PAR-2, 5-HT2A, 5-HT3, H1, NK1 and MrgprB2 receptors, expressed in neuronal or mast cells, seem crucial to mediate fibromyalgia-related cardinal symptoms since antagonists or inhibitors of these receptors (gabexate (10 mg/kg, s.c.), ENMD-1068 (10 mg/kg, i.p.), ketanserin (1 mg/kg, i.p.), ondansetron (1 mg/kg, p.o.), promethazine (1 mg/kg, i.p.), and L733,060 (5 mg/kg, s.c.), respectively) transiently reversed the reserpine-induced allodynia and fatigue. The results indicate that mast cells mediate painful and fatigue behaviours in this fibromyalgia model, representing potential therapy targets to treat fibromyalgia syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne da Silva Brum
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Pessano Fialho
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Becker
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Wayne Nogueira
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Centre of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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de Veras BO, Moura GMDM, Barros AVD, Vanusa da Silva M, Assis PACD, Aguiar JCRDOFD, Navarro DMDAF, Ximenes RM, Wanderley AG, Oliveira MBMD, Lopes ACDS. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of essential oil of the leaves of Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A.C. Smith. from the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116858. [PMID: 37400005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A.C. Smith is a medicinal plant with wide distribution in South America, popularly known in Brazil as "cumaru" or "amburana de cheiro". In folk medicine, in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil, infusions, teas and decoctions of leaves of Amburana cearensis have their practical use for treating fever, gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation, and inflammation pain. However, none of the ethnopharmacological properties has been scientifically evaluated using volatile compounds obtained from its leaves (essential oil). AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the chemical composition, acute oral toxicity, and antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil from the leaves of A. cearensis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The acute toxicity of the essential oil was investigated in mice. The antinociceptive effect was evaluated using the formalin test and, abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid, being investigated the possible mechanisms of action involved in antinociception. The acute anti-inflammatory effect was investigated through models of carrageenan-induced peritonitis, yeast-induced pyrexia, and carrageenan- and histamine-induced paw inflammation. RESULTS No acute toxicity was observed at doses up to 2000 mg/kg; p.o. The antinociceptive effect was statistically equal to morphine. In the formalin assay, the oil showed analgesic activity in the neurogenic and inflammatory phases, having as mechanisms the cholinergic, adenosinergic system, and ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K-ATP). In peritonitis, a reduction in TNF-α and IL-1β levels and leukocyte migration were observed. The antipyretic effect was statistically superior to dipyrone. The reduction in paw edema was statistically superior to the standard in both models. CONCLUSION The results obtained not only support the traditional use of the species in inflammatory conditions and pain in folk medicine but also demonstrate that this is a rich source of phytocomponents such as germacrone, which can be used as a natural and sustainable therapeutic agent with industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Post-graduation in Biotechnology - RENORBIO, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Geovanna Maria de Medeiros Moura
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory Chemistry and Function of Bioactive Proteins, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Amanda Vieira de Barros
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Anne Castro de Assis
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Laboratory of Immunology and Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafael Matos Ximenes
- Post-graduation in Biotechnology - RENORBIO, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Almir Gonçalves Wanderley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, 09913-030, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina de Sousa Lopes
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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da Silva Nascimento M, Dos Santos PH, de Abreu FF, Shan AYKV, Amaral RG, Andrade LN, Souto EB, Santos MIS, de Souza Graça A, Souza JB, Raimundo E Silva JP, Tavares JF, de Oliveira E Silva AM, Correa CB, Montalvão MM, Piacente S, Pizza C, Camargo EA, Dos Santos Estevam C. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Brazilian pepper) leaves extract: in vitro and in vivo evidence of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2505-2519. [PMID: 37639162 PMCID: PMC10518276 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of ethyl acetate extract obtained from the leaves of Brazilian peppertree Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (EAELSt). Total phenols and flavonoids, chemical constituents, in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH and lipoperoxidation assays), and cytotoxicity in L929 fibroblasts were determined. In vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties were evaluated using TPA-induced ear inflammation model in mice. Phenol and flavonoid contents were 19.2 ± 0.4 and 93.8 ± 5.2 of gallic acid or quercetin equivalents/g, respectively. LC-MS analysis identified 43 compounds, of which myricetin-O-pentoside and quercetin-O-rhamnoside were major peaks of chromatogram. Incubation with EAELSt decreased the amount of DPPH radical (EC50 of 54.5 ± 2.4 µg/mL) and lipoperoxidation at 200-500 µg/mL. The incubation with EAELSt did not change fibroblast viability up to 100 µg/mL. Topical treatment with EAELSt significantly reduced edema and myeloperoxidase activity at 0.3, 1, and 3 mg/ear when compared to the vehicle-treated group. In addition, EAELSt decreased IL-6 and TNF-α levels and increased IL-10 levels. Besides, it modulated markers of oxidative stress (reduced total hydroperoxides and increased sulfhydryl contents and ferrium reduction potential) and increased the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, without altering GPx activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel da Silva Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Péligris H Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Fabiula F de Abreu
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Andrea Y K V Shan
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Ricardo G Amaral
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil.
| | - Luciana N Andrade
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Eliana B Souto
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MEDTECH, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Matheus I S Santos
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Ariel de Souza Graça
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Jesica B Souza
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Joanda P Raimundo E Silva
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, 58051-970, Brazil
| | - Josean F Tavares
- Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, 58051-970, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane B Correa
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Monalisa M Montalvão
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Cosimo Pizza
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Study of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Enilton A Camargo
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
| | - Charles Dos Santos Estevam
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49000-100, Brazil
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Hussein HS, Salem MZM, Soliman AM, Eldesouky SE. Comparative study of three plant-derived extracts as new management strategies against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Sci Rep 2023; 13:3542. [PMID: 36864078 PMCID: PMC9981771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30588-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Finding innovative eco-friendly agents for pest control may be aided by investigating the plant-derived extracts' properties on economic pests. Therefore, the insecticidal, behavioral, biological and biochemical effects of Magnolia grandiflora (Magnoliaceae) leaf water and methanol extracts, Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae) wood methanol extract, and Salix babylonica (Salicaceae) leaf methanol extract in comparison with a reference insecticide novaluron against S. littoralis were evaluated. The extracts were analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The most abundant phenolic compounds were 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (7.16 mg/mL) and ferulic acid (6.34 mg/mL) in M. grandiflora leaf water extract; catechol (13.05 mg/mL), ferulic acid (11.87 mg/mL), and chlorogenic acid (10.33 mg/mL) in M. grandiflora leaf methanol extract; ferulic acid (14.81 mg/mL), caffeic acid (5.61 mg/mL), and gallic acid (5.07 mg/mL) In the S. terebinthifolius extract; cinnamic acid (11.36 mg/mL), and protocatechuic acid (10.33 mg/mL) In the methanol extract from S. babylonica extract. S. terebinthifolius extract had a highly toxic effect against second larvae after 96 h and eggs with LC50 values of 0.89 and 0.94 mg/L, respectively. Despite M. grandiflora extracts didn't show any toxicity against S. littoralis stages, they had an attractant effect on fourth- and second larvae, with feeding deterrence values of - 2.7% and - 6.7%, respectively, at 10 mg/L. S. terebinthifolius extract significantly reduced the percentage of pupation, adult emergence, hatchability, and fecundity, with values of 60.2%, 56.7%, 35.3%, and 105.4 eggs/female, respectively. Novaluron and S. terebinthifolius extract drastically inhibited the activities of α-amylase and total proteases to 1.16 and 0.52, and 1.47 and 0.65 ΔOD/mg protein/min, respectively. In the semi-field experiment, the residual toxicity of tested extracts on S. littoralis gradually decreased over time compared to novaluron. These findings indicate that extract from S. terebinthifolius is a promising insecticidal agent against S. littoralis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa S Hussein
- Applied Entomology and Zoology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z M Salem
- Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Soliman
- Applied Entomology and Zoology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
| | - Sahar E Eldesouky
- Cotton Pesticides Evaluation Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, El-Sabhia, Alexandria, Egypt
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Alqathama A, Abdelhady MIS, Al-Omar MS, Barghash MF, Shallan AI. Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activity of Schinus terebinthifolia Fruit and Isolation of a New Immunomodulatory Polyphenolic Compound. Pharmacogn Mag 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/09731296221138632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The fruit of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi is used in ethnomedicine for the treatment of different ailments. Materials and Methods: We studied the phytochemical profile of S. terebinthifolia fruit and evaluated its properties, including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity. Results: Phytochemical investigation of S. terebinthifolia fruit showed an estimated total phenolic content of 67 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g, with respect to gallic acid, while the flavonoid content was 26 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE)/g, in terms of quercetin. Bioassay fractionation of methanolic extract of the fruit resulted in the isolation of a new molecule for the first time from this natural source: 4′,methoxy-6-vinyl-7- O-rhamnosyl-dihydromyricetin or 4′,methoxy-6-vinyl-7- O-rhamnosyl-ampelopsin (Compound 8). Seven other phenolic compounds were isolated, such as (1) gallic acid; (2) afzelin; (3) quercetin 3- O- β-D-glucopyranoside; (4) genistein 7- O- α-l-rhamnopyranoside; (5) ellagic acid; (6) kaempferol and (7) quercetin. The new compound was ascertained using UV, NMR and MS spectra and acid hydrolysis analysis. Significant antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antimicrobial properties were observed in the alcohol extract, as well as proliferation inhibition in MCF-7 human cancer cell lines. Its activity in elevating glutathione levels in diabetic rats could be due to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Conclusion: The new compound shows immunomodulatory effects that can be utilized to augment host responses, which is important in both cancer and infectious diseases and thus worth further pharmacological investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljawharah Alqathama
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed I. S. Abdelhady
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsen S. Al-Omar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohamed F. Barghash
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aliaa I. Shallan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Locali-Pereira AR, Lopes NA, Nicoletti VR. Pink Pepper ( Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) from Extracts to application: Truths about a Fake Pepper. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2062767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Roberto Locali-Pereira
- Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Unesp - São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Nathalie Almeida Lopes
- Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Unesp - São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Vânia Regina Nicoletti
- Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Unesp - São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
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Sugier P, Sęczyk Ł, Sugier D. Variation in Population and Solvents as Factors Determining the Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Potential of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. Leaf Extracts. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072247. [PMID: 35408643 PMCID: PMC9000281 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. has a long history of ethnopharmacological use. This species has been used in folk medicine for centuries as a rich source of raw material abundant in secondary metabolites and is important for medicinal and pharmacological purposes. The plant is a source of herbal material—Uvae ursi folium, which is highly valued and sought by pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The studied bearberry leaves can be classified as a suitable herbal material for use in pharmacy; therefore, the investigated populations can be a potentially valuable source of plant material for cultivation and can be used in in vitro cultures and in biotechnological processes. The objective of this study was to characterize the variability of the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of water and ethanol bearberry extracts from raw material collected from different natural populations. In each of the twelve A. uva-ursi sites, three leaf samples were collected and analyzed. The water extracts from bearberry leaves were characterized by similar concentration of arbutin (77.64–105.56 mg g−1) and a significantly higher concentration of hydroquinone (6.96–13.08 mg g−1) and corilagin (0.83–2.12 mg g−1) in comparison with the ethanol extracts −77.21–103.38 mg g−1, 10.55–16.72 mg g−1, 0.20–1.54 mg g−1, respectively. The concentration of other metabolites in the water extracts was significantly lower in comparison with the ethanol extracts. In the case of the water extracts, a significant effect of not only total phenolic compounds, but also hydroquinone on the antioxidant parameters, was observed, which indicates the solvent-related activity of these metabolites. Therefore, it is suggested that special attention should be paid to the concentration of not only arbutin, but also hydroquinone in Uvae ursi folium. The latter metabolite serving a very important function as an active bearberry ingredient should be controlled not only in alcoholic extracts but also in water extracts, since bearberry leaves are applied as infusions and decoctions. The results presented in this paper can contribute to appropriate selection of plant material for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries, with special emphasis on the antioxidant activity of different types of extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Sugier
- Department of Botany, Mycology and Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 19 Akademicka Street, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-5375016
| | - Łukasz Sęczyk
- Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (Ł.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Danuta Sugier
- Department of Industrial and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (Ł.S.); (D.S.)
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Almeida-Silva F, Bernardes-Engemann AR, Bérenger ALR, da Silva VP, Figueiredo MR, Freitas DFS. In vitro activity of Schinus terebinthifolius extract and fractions against Sporothrix brasiliensis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2022; 117:e220063. [PMID: 36197404 PMCID: PMC9524759 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760220063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporothrix brasiliensis is the causative agent of zoonotic cases of sporotrichosis in Brazil and is associated with atypical and severe presentations in cats, dogs, and humans. Sporotrichosis treatment is usually time- and cost-consuming, sometimes with poor response and host toxicity. Schinus terebinthifolius has proven efficacy against bacteria and fungi of clinical interest. OBJECTIVE To determine the in vitro activity of S. terebinthifolius against S. brasiliensis. METHODS Five S. brasiliensis isolates and three reference strains were subjected to a hydroethanol extract derived from the leaves of S. terebinthifolius and its fractions. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the broth microdilution method according to the M38-A2 CLSI guidelines. Also, the fungicidal/fungistatic activity of the extract and fractions was studied. FINDINGS The crude extract of S. terebinthifolius inhibited the growth of S. brasiliensis (MIC: 0.5-1.0 µg/mL), while the partitioned extracts dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol demonstrated growth inhibition at 8 µg/mL due to a fungistatic activity. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Due to its in vitro efficacy against S. brasiliensis and its known pharmacological safety, S. terebinthifolius is a candidate to be tested using in vivo models of sporotrichosis.
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Nocchi SR, Ferreira LDAO, Castro-Hoshino LVD, Truiti MDCT, Natali MRM, Mello JCPD, Baesso ML, Dias Filho BP, Nakamura CV, Ueda-Nakamura T. Development and evaluation of topical formulations that contain hydroethanolic extract from Schinus terebinthifolia against HSV-1 infection. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000318637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Chemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L. Spreng. at the Southern Border of the Geographical Range of the Species in Europe. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247692. [PMID: 34946773 PMCID: PMC8707569 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L. Spreng.) is a source of herbal material—bearberry leaf (Uvae ursi folium), which is highly valued and sought by pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. For many years, leaves of this plant have been used in traditional medicine as a diuretic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory agent for various diseases of the urogenital tract. The bearberry has also been proposed as a natural antioxidant additive due to the high contents of phenolic compounds in its leaves. The study was focused on characterization of the basic phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of extracts derived from bearberry leaves collected from plants located at the southern border of the geographical range of the species in Europe. The investigated herbal material is characterized by a different chemical profile compared to the chemical profiles of bearberry found in other parts of the continent. Bearberry extracts from plants growing in two different habitat types—heathlands and pine forests showed a wide range of variation, especially in the concentration of hyperoside, corilagin, and methylartutin and the total flavonoid contents. In addition to arbutin, bearberry can be a valuable source of phenolic compounds, which are mainly responsible for the antioxidant properties of extracts. The high content of phenols and high values of antioxidant parameters indicate a high potential of bearberry leaves to be used as a powerful natural source of antioxidants in herbal preparations. Therefore, the A. uva-ursi populations can be a source of plant material for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.
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de Abreu MS, Costa F, Giacomini ACVV, Demin KA, Petersen EV, Rosemberg DB, Kalueff AV. Exploring CNS effects of American traditional medicines using zebrafish models. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:550-559. [PMID: 34254921 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210712153329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although American traditional medicine (ATM) has been practiced for millennia, its complex multi-target mechanisms of therapeutic action remain poorly understood. Animal models are widely used to elucidate the therapeutic effects of various ATMs, including their modulation of brain and behavior. Complementing rodent models, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a promising novel organism in translational neuroscience and neuropharmacology research. Here, we emphasize the growing value of zebrafish for testing neurotropic effects of ATMs and outline future directions of research in this field. We also demonstrate the developing utility of zebrafish as complementary models for probing CNS mechanisms of ATM action and their potential to treat brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo S de Abreu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Fabiano Costa
- Toxicological Biochemistry, Natural and Exact Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ana C V V Giacomini
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Elena V Petersen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Denis B Rosemberg
- The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA, United States
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Lima KSB, Silva MEGDC, Araújo TCDL, Silva CPDF, Santos BL, Ribeiro LADA, Menezes PMN, Silva MG, Lavor ÉM, Silva FS, Nunes XP, Rolim LA. Cannabis roots: Pharmacological and toxicological studies in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113868. [PMID: 33503453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE There are many studies and therapeutic properties attributed to the flowers and leaves of the Cannabis species, but even with few pharmacological studies, Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) roots presents several therapeutic indications in folk medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic effects as well as the toxicological profile of the aqueous extract of Cannabis sativa roots (CsAqEx) in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed the anti-inflammatory effect with carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration assay, and carrageenan and histamine-induced paw edema methods; The spasmolytic effect was assessed through in vitro assays with isolated mice trachea. To assess motor coordination and mobility, mice went through the rotarod and open field tests, respectively. For the single-dose toxicity study, we administered CsAqEx at the dose of 1000 mg/kg by gavage. In a repeated dose toxicity study, animals received CsAqEx at doses of 25 mg or 100 mg/kg for 28 days. RESULTS The CsAqEx inhibited the migration of leukocytes at the doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg. The CsAqEx showed anti-inflammatory activity after the intraplantar injection of carrageenan, presenting a reduction in edema formation at all tested doses (12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg). The dose of 12.5 mg/kg of CsAqEx prevented edema formation after intraplantar injection of histamine. In an organ bath, 729 μg/mL of CsAqEx did not promote spasmolytic effect on isolated mice tracheal rings contracted by carbachol (CCh) or potassium chloride (KCl). We did not observe clinical signs of toxicity in the animals after acute treatment with CsAqEx, which suggested that the median lethal dose (LD50) is greater than 1000 mg/kg. Repeated dose exposure to the CsAqEx did not produce significant changes in hematological, biochemical, or organ histology parameters. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of CsAqEx is related to the reduction of vascular extravasation and migration of inflammatory cells, without effects on the central nervous system. Moreover, there was no spasmolytic effect on airway smooth muscle and no toxicity was observed on mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kátia Simoni Bezerra Lima
- Universidade Federal Do Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Brazil; Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xirley Pereira Nunes
- Universidade Federal Do Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Brazil; Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Brazil.
| | - Larissa Araújo Rolim
- Universidade Federal Do Vale Do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Brazil; Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Brazil.
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HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS profiling and therapeutic effects of Schinus terebinthifolius and Schinus molle fruits: investigation of their antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:467-481. [PMID: 33635473 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current work was to study the phytochemical variability among Schinus terebinthifolius (STE) and Schinus molle (SME) fruit extracts. The in vitro antioxidant, antihemolytic, antidiabetic, and macromolecule damage protective activities, as well as, the in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive capacities were assessed. Using the HPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS analysis, the chemical profile of fruit extract varied between S. terebinthifolius (30 compounds) and S. molle (16 compounds). The major compound was masazino-flavanone (5774.98 and 1177.65 μg/g sample for STE and SME, respectively). The investigations highlighted significant antioxidant proprieties when using ABTS radical (IC50; 0.12 and 0.14 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively), superoxide (IC50; 0.17 and 0.22 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively) and hydrogen peroxide (IC50; 014 and 0.17 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively). In addition, STE and SME proved preventive effects against H2O2-induced hemolysis (IC50; 0.22 and 0.14 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively). The in vitro antidiabetic effect revealed that STE and SME exhibited important inhibitory effects against α-amylase (IC50; 0.13 and 0.19 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively) and α-glycosidase (IC50; 0.21 and 0.18 mg/ml for STE and SME, respectively) when compared with acarbose. Furthermore, the extracts showed potent inhibitory activity against AAPH-induced plasmid DNA damage, and protein oxidation. In vivo study revealed that STE and SME presented interesting antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory capacities. All observed effects highlighted the potential application of Schinus fruit extract in food and pharmaceutical industries against ROS-induced damage.
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Schulte HL, Barreto Sousa JP, Sousa-Moura D, Grisolia CK, Espindola LS. Degradation evaluation and toxicity profile of bilobol, a promising eco-friendly larvicide. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128323. [PMID: 33297255 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the main arbovirus vector transmitting chikungunya, Zika and dengue. The current vector control strategies are limited due to multiple insecticide resistance, deleterious impacts on the environment, and toxicity to non-target organisms. Bilobol, an alkylresorcinol isolated from the plant species Schinus terebinthifolia, demonstrated larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti (LC50 7.67 mg/L in less than 24 h). To ensure that bilobol presents a viable alternative as an eco-friendly larvicide, this study aimed to explore the degradation process and acute toxicity of this alkylresorcinol in zebrafish, a non-target organism. A quantification method with validated parameters was developed and used to evaluate bilobol degradation in water over time. The Fish Embryo Toxicity (FET) test was applied to evaluate the acute toxicity of bilobol together with its degradation derivates. Results demonstrated that bilobol gradually degrades over time and almost completely disappears after 96 h, turning into small aliphatic chains which are less toxic than bilobol in its fundamental form. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that bilobol does not present significant toxicity to zebrafish embryos nor does it show signs of persistence in the environment. Additionally, bilobol can be found in high quantities not only in S. terebinthifolia, but also in cashew nut industry waste. Thus, bilobol constitutes an alternative environmentally friendly insecticide because it is not persistent, has indications of low toxicity to non-target organisms and presents a way to exploit massive quantities of material discarded by the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Luise Schulte
- Universidade de Brasília, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - João Paulo Barreto Sousa
- Universidade de Brasília, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Diego Sousa-Moura
- Universidade de Brasília, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil; Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Genética & Morfologia, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Cesar Koppe Grisolia
- Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Genética & Morfologia, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Laila Salmen Espindola
- Universidade de Brasília, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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Methyl gallate attenuates inflammation induced by Toll-like receptor ligands by inhibiting MAPK and NF-Κb signaling pathways. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:1257-1270. [PMID: 33037469 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Methyl gallate (MG) is a prevalent polyphenol in the plant kingdom, which may be related to the effects of several medicinal plants. Although it is widely reported that polyphenols have therapeutic effects, there are few studies demonstrating that MG has anti-inflammatory action. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism behind the anti-inflammatory activity of MG and its effect on hyperalgesia. METHODS Swiss mice were pretreated orally with different doses of MG and subjected to i.pl. injection of zymosan to induce paw edema. RAW264.7 macrophages and BMDMs stimulated with different TLR agonists such as zymosan, LPS, or Pam3CSK4 were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms of MG RESULTS: MG inhibits zymosan-induced paw edema and hyperalgesia and modulates molecular pathways crucial for inflammation development. Pretreatment with MG inhibited cytokines production and NF-κB activity by RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with zymosan, Pam3CSK4 or LPS, but not with PMA. Moreover, pretreatment with MG decreased IκB degradation, nuclear translocation of NF-κBp65, c-jun and c-fos and ERK1/2, p38 and JNK phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Thus, the results of this study demonstrate that MG has a promising anti-inflammatory effect and suggests an explanation of its mechanism of action through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling and the MAPK pathway.
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Ribeiro Neto JA, Pimenta Tarôco BR, Batista Dos Santos H, Thomé RG, Wolfram E, Maciel de A Ribeiro RI. Using the plants of Brazilian Cerrado for wound healing: From traditional use to scientific approach. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:112547. [PMID: 31917276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Brazilian Cerrado is a biome with a remarkable diversity of plant species, many of which are used mainly by local communities as a source of treatment to several pathologic processes, especially for the treatment of wounds. However, no systematic review exists focusing on the plants used in this respect and on the appropriate pharmacological investigations that substantiate the actions that are reported. This study revisits the traditional use of medicinal plants from the Brazilian Cerrado in the treatment of wounds and the pharmacological characteristics of the reported plant species. METHOD ology: For the present article, previous studies on plants of the Brazilian Cerrado used for wound healing carried out between 1996 and 2018 were researched on various academic databases (PubMed, Elsevier, Springer, Lilacs, Google Escolar, and Scielo). RESULTS A total of 33 studies were carried out on 29 plant species distributed into 18 families, mainly Fabaceae or Leguminosae (9), Bignoniaceae (2), Asteraceae (2), Euphorbiaceae (2). Considering the great diversity of Cerrado plants, only a small number of wound healing studies were carried out between 1996 and 2018. It was observed that there is a large gap between experimentation assay and traditional use. There are only few connections between the form of use by the population and the experiments conducted in the laboratory. We found that only about 12% of these studies considered to use the methodologies, or at least in parts, to obtain extracts such as those used in folk medicine. Approximately 37% of the experiments were performed using the bark as well as the same ratio for leaves, 6% using the fruits, and 9% using the seeds, roots or flowers. In several studies, there are reports of chemical constituents such as flavonoids and tannins, followed by steroid terpenes, saponins, and fatty acids, and alkaloids. However, approximately 35% of the studies did not supply information about compounds present in the preparation or the effect which could be attributed to these agents in respect to wound healing. Regarding treatment, most of the studies employed a topical treatment, though intraperitoneal and oral treatment were also described using either topical, oil-based formulations, but also gel- or saline-based formulations. CONCLUSIONS Although, there has been an increase in knowledge about the biological actions of plants from Cerrado biome, the scientific basis for the traditional use of these local medicinal plants in wound healing does not provide sufficient information on the efficacy of the treatment, the molecular mechanisms, or, in particular, the effective doses used and the drug interactions. Thus, focused research investigating these hypotheses from traditional knowledge is necessary to prove the evidence of the potential pharmacological action.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antônio Ribeiro Neto
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rey - UFSJ - Divinópolis-MG, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Cep 35.501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Renata Pimenta Tarôco
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rey - UFSJ - Divinópolis-MG, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Cep 35.501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
| | - Hélio Batista Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rey - UFSJ - Divinópolis-MG, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Cep 35.501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
| | - Ralph Gruppi Thomé
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rey - UFSJ - Divinópolis-MG, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Cep 35.501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
| | - Evelyn Wolfram
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department of Life Sciences and Facility Management (ZHAW), CH-8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland.
| | - Rosy Iara Maciel de A Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de São João Del Rey - UFSJ - Divinópolis-MG, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, Bairro Chanadour, Cep 35.501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
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Oliveira MB, Valentim IB, Rocha TS, Santos JC, Pires KS, Tanabe EL, Borbely KS, Borbely AU, Goulart MO. Schinus terebenthifolius Raddi extracts: From sunscreen activity toward protection of the placenta to Zika virus infection, new uses for a well-known medicinal plant. INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 2020; 152:112503. [PMID: 32346222 PMCID: PMC7186214 DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi is a well-known medicinal plant native of South America. This species has demonstrated important biological activities such as antihypertensive and vasodilator, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. However, no studies have been, so far, reported with the fruits of S. terebinthifolius as a protector of the placenta against Zika virus infection and as sunscreen agents. The present study aimed to investigate new uses for the ethanolic fruit extracts of S. terebinthifolius, from fruits'peel (STPE) and from the whole fruits (STWFE). Zika virus (ZIKV) has been linked to several fetal malformations, such as microcephaly and other central nervous system abnormalities. Thus, the potential of these natural extracts against ZIKV infection was evaluated, using an in vitro method. The photoprotective potential, determined by spectrometry, along with phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and chemical composition of both extracts were also evaluated. The chemical composition of the extracts was evaluated by HPLC-UV / vis. The cytotoxicity of peel and whole fruit extracts in vero E6 cell lines, in placental cell lines and placental explant cultures were evaluated by the MTT assay. The infectivity of placental cells and explants was evaluated by qRT-PCR and the effects of extracts on ZIKV infection were investigated using HTR-8/SVneo cells, pre-treated with 100 μg mL-1 of STWFE for 1 h, and infected with MR766 (AD) or PE243 (EH) ZIKV strains. STFE and STWFE were well-tolerated by both placental-derived trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo as well as by term placental chorionic villi explants, which indicate absence of cytotoxicity in all analysed concentrations. Two strains of ZIKV were tested to access if pre-treatment of trophoblast cells with the STWFE would protect them against infection. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that STWFE extract greatly reduced ZIKV infection. The extracts were also photoprotective with SPF values equivalent to the standard, benzophenone-3. The formulations prepared in different concentrations of the extracts (5-10 %) had shown maximum SPF values of 32.21. STWFE represents a potential natural mixture to be used in pregnancy in order to restrain placental infection by ZIKV and might potentially protect fetus against ZIKV-related malformations. The extracts exhibited photoprotective activity and some of the phenolic compounds, mainly resveratrol, catechin and epicatechin, are active ingredients in all assayed activities. The development of biotechnological/medical products, giving extra value to products from family farming, is expected, with strong prospects for success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika B.S. Oliveira
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Iara B. Valentim
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Alagoas (IFAL), Rua Mizael Domingues, 75, Centro, CEP 57020-600, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Tauane S. Rocha
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline C. Santos
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Keyla S.N. Pires
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Eloiza L.L. Tanabe
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Karen S.C. Borbely
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Faculdade de Nutrição, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Alexandre U. Borbely
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil
- Corresponding auhtors at: Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A.C. Simões, Tabuleiro dos Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
| | - Marília O.F. Goulart
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil
- Corresponding auhtors at: Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A.C. Simões, Tabuleiro dos Martins, 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil.
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de Lavor ÉM, Leal AEBP, Fernandes AWC, Ribeiro FPRDA, Barbosa JDM, Gama E Silva M, Teles RBDA, Oliveira LFDS, Silva JC, Rolim LA, de Menezes IRA, Almeida JRGDS. Ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of Passiflora cincinnata Mast. (Passifloraceae) reduces nociceptive and inflammatory events in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 47:58-68. [PMID: 30166109 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Passiflora cincinnata Mast. is described as a native species from the Caatinga biome, and used by traditional medicine for several pharmacological purposes, such as inflammatory disorders. However, studies that prove its biological activities are scarce. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE This paper aims to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the aerial parts of Passiflora cincinnata (Pc-EtOH) in mice. METHODS The chemical composition of Pc-EtOH was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The antinociceptive profile of the extract (given orally: 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was established using the in vivo chemical models (acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and formalin-induced paw licking test) and thermal (hot plate test) of nociception. The role of opioid, potassium channels, TRPV-1, muscarinic, serotoninergic (5-HT3) receptors and the participation of the nitric oxide pathway also was determined. The rota-rod test was used to verify the possible interference of the extract treatment in motor performance. Paw edema induced by carrageenan or histamine, and leukocyte migration, determination of total protein and nitric oxide to the peritoneal cavity were used for anti-inflammatory profile. RESULTS The presence of flavonoids in the extract was confirmed using HPLC-DAD. At all doses tested the Pc-EtOH significantly reduced the number of writhing and decreased the paw licking time in both phases of the formalin test (p < 0.05). In the hot plate test, the extract increased the reaction time, reducing painful behavior. The antinociceptive mechanism probably involves central and peripheral pathways, involving the pathway of opioid and muscarinic receptors with influence of potassium channels and the nitric oxide pathway. However, the motor coordination test indicated that in the time of 120 min the extract decreases the stay time of the animal in the rota-rod. Pc-EtOH inhibited significantly (p < 0.05) the increase of the edema volume after administration of carrageenan and histamine. In the peritonitis test, acute pre-treatment with Pc-EtOH inhibited leukocyte migration, with a reduction in the number of neutrophils and concentration of total proteins and nitric oxide. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that Pc-EtOH possesses peripheral and central antinociceptive action, and showed potential in inhibition of release of mediators of the inflammatory process.
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Salem MZM, El-Hefny M, Ali HM, Elansary HO, Nasser RA, El-Settawy AAA, El Shanhorey N, Ashmawy NA, Salem AZM. Antibacterial activity of extracted bioactive molecules of Schinus terebinthifolius ripened fruits against some pathogenic bacteria. Microb Pathog 2018; 120:119-127. [PMID: 29704984 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to identify the chemical constituents and the bioactivity of essential oil (EO), acetone extract (ACE) and n-hexane extract (HexE) of S. terebinthifolius ripened fruits using GC-MS. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of extracts were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assays, respectively. The toxicity against the growth of Acinetobacter baumannii, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus flavus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Sarcina lutea, and Staphylococcus aureus was determined with measuring the inhibition zones (IZs) using the disc diffusion method at the concentrations from 125 to 2000 μg/mL, also, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) using 96-well micro-plates and ranged from 4 to 2000 μg/mL. The major components in EO were α-pinene (36.9%), and α-phellandrene (32.8%). The major components in ACE were oleic acid (38.7%), α-phellandrene (13.33%), and δ-cadinene (11.1%), while the major methyl esters of fatty acids detected in HexE were oleic (12.8%), and palmitic (10.9%). The EO showed good activity against the growth of Staph. aureus and P. aeruginosa with MIC values of 16 μg/mL and 32 μg/mL, the ACE showed broad activity against the studied bacterial pathogens with MIC values ranged from of 4-128 μg/mL against the studied bacterial isolates, while HexE, however, showed weak antibacterial activity. The IC50 values of EO, ACE and HexE were 15.11 ± 0.99, 118.16 ± 1.7 and 324.26 ± 2.45 μg/mL, respectively, compared to IC50 of Tannic acid (23.83 ± 1.9 μg/mL) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, 2.9 ± 0.1 μg/mL). Data suggested that the ripened fruits of S. terebinthifolius have potent antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z M Salem
- Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - M El-Hefny
- Department of Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture and Garden Design, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - H M Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Timber Trees Research Department, Sabahia Horticulture Research Station, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - H O Elansary
- Department of Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture and Garden Design, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, APK campus, 2006, South Africa
| | - R A Nasser
- Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - A A A El-Settawy
- Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - N El Shanhorey
- Department of Botanical Gardens Research, Horticultural Research Institute (ARC), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - N A Ashmawy
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - A Z M Salem
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Estado de México, Mexico.
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20
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Zhou J, Zhang C, Sun Y, Wang L, Zhang J, Li F, Mao W. Corilagin Attenuates Allergy and Anaphylactic Reaction by Inhibiting Degranulation of Mast Cells. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:891-896. [PMID: 29434182 PMCID: PMC5819305 DOI: 10.12659/msm.906098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study evaluated the anti-allergic activity of corilagin and also postulates the possible mechanism of its action. Material/Methods Corilagin was given orally at dose of 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/day. All the animals (guinea pigs, rats, and mice) were sensitized for allergy such as eosinophilia and leukocytosis induced by milk; degranulation of mast cell by compound 48/80; and passive and active anaphylaxis. Moreover, the antagonistic effect was determined by estimating the effect of corilagin on contraction of guinea pig tracheal chain and ileum induced by Ach and histamine, respectively. Result There was a significant decrease in the leukocyte and eosinophil counts in the corilagin-treated group compared to the negative control group. Treatment with corilagin significantly protects the degranulation of mast cells, and it also has significant anti-muscarinic and antihistaminic activity by reducing the muscle contraction induced by Acetylcholine (Ach) and histamine in guinea pig tracheal chain and ileum. Conclusions Corilagin possess anti-anaphylactic and anti-allergic activity by inhibiting the release of mediators from mast cells and by decreasing the serum concentration of immunoglobulin E (IgE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Ci'an Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital of Anhui Province, Suzhou, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Fulun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Weian Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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21
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Tseeleesuren D, Kant R, Yen CH, Hsiao HH, Chen YMA. 1,2,3,4,6-Penta- O-Galloyl-Beta-D-Glucopyranoside Inhibits Proliferation of Multiple Myeloma Cells Accompanied with Suppression of MYC Expression. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:65. [PMID: 29472861 PMCID: PMC5810280 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) still remains an incurable disease, therefore discovery of novel drugs boosts the therapeutics for MM. The natural compound 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (PGG) has been shown to exhibit antitumor activities against various cancer cells. Here, we aim to evaluate antitumor effects of PGG on MM cell lines. PGG inhibited the growth of three different MM cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis revealed that PGG treatment caused cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. It also induced apoptosis which was indicated by significant increases of Annexin V positive cells, caspase 3/7 activity, and cleaved caspase 3 expression in PGG treated MM cell. Since MYC is frequently hyperactivated in MM and inhibition of MYC leads to MM cell death. We further demonstrated that PGG decreased MYC expression in protein and mRNA levels and reversed the mRNA expression of MYC target genes such as p21, p27, and cyclin D2. In addition, PGG also reduced protein expression of DEPTOR which is commonly overexpressed in MM. Unexpectedly, PGG antagonized the cytotoxic effect of bortezomib in the combination treatment. However, PGG treatment sensitized MM cells to another proteasome inhibitor MG132 induced cytotoxicity. Moreover, MYC inhibitor JQ1 enhanced the cytotoxic effect of bortezomib on MM cells. Our findings raised concerns about the combinatory use of bortezomib with particular types of chemicals. The evidence also provide useful insights into the combination of MYC and proteasome-inhibitors for MM therapy. Finally, PGG has a therapeutic potential for treatment of MM and further development is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duurenjargal Tseeleesuren
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Rajni Kant
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Yen
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Natural Products and Drug Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hua Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming A Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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22
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Iwanaga CC, Ferreira LDAO, Bernuci KZ, Fernandez CMM, Lorenzetti FB, Sehaber CC, Vieira Frez FC, Bernardes SS, Panizzon GP, Linde GA, Vieira MDC, Zanoni JN, Cortez DAG. In vitro antioxidant potential and in vivo effects of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi leaf extract in diabetic rats and determination of chemical composition by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:1655-1658. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1425848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Cristina Iwanaga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Karine Zanoli Bernuci
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana Brusco Lorenzetti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Camila Caviquioli Sehaber
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Sara Santos Bernardes
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saude, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Gean Pier Panizzon
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Giani Andrea Linde
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Vieira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Nelisis Zanoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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23
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Abdel Bar FM, Ibrahim DS, Gedara SR, Abdel-Raziq MS, Zaghloul AM. Nematicidal Compounds from the Leaves of Schinus terebinthifolius Against Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Tomato. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.20307/nps.2018.24.4.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M. Abdel Bar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Dina S. Ibrahim
- Department of Nematology, Plant Pathology Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sahar R. Gedara
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S. Abdel-Raziq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Zaghloul
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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24
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Estevão LRM, Simões RS, Cassini-Vieira P, Canesso MCC, Barcelos LDS, Rachid MA, Câmara CAGD, Evêncio-Neto J. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi ( Aroeira) leaves oil attenuates inflammatory responses in cutaneous wound healing in mice 1. Acta Cir Bras 2017; 32:726-735. [PMID: 29019590 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020170090000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigated the inflammatory, angiogenic and fibrogenic activities of the Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi leaves oil (STRO) on wound healing. METHODS The excisional wound healing model was used to evaluate the effects of STRO. The mice were divided into two groups: Control, subjected to vehicle solution (ointment lanolin/vaseline base), or STRO- treated group, administered topically once a day for 3, 7 and 14 days post-excision. We evaluated the macroscopic wound closure rate; the inflammation was evaluated by leukocytes accumulation and cytokine levels in the wounds. The accumulation of neutrophil and macrophages in the wounds were determined by assaying myeloperoxidase and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activities. The levels of TNF-α, CXCL-1 and CCL-2 in wound were evaluated by ELISA assay. Angiogenesis and collagen fibers deposition were evaluated histologically. RESULTS We observed that macroscopic wound closure rate was improved in wounds from STRO-group than Control-group. The wounds treated with STRO promoted a reduction in leucocyte accumulation and in pro-inflammatory cytokine. Moreover, STRO treatment increased significantly the number of blood vessels and collagen fibers deposition, as compared to control group. CONCLUSION Topical application of STRO display anti-inflammatory and angiogenic effects, as well as improvement in collagen replacement, suggesting a putative use of this herb for the development of phytomedicines to treat inflammatory diseases, including wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lígia Reis Moura Estevão
- PhD, Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife-PE, Brazil. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; manuscript writing
| | - Ricardo Santos Simões
- PhD, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil. Acquisition of data, histopathological examinations, manuscript preparation, critical revision
| | - Puebla Cassini-Vieira
- PhD, Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife-PE, Brazil. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; manuscript writing
| | - Maria Cecilia Campos Canesso
- PhD, Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife-PE, Brazil. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; manuscript writing
| | - Lucíola da Silva Barcelos
- PhD, Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife-PE, Brazil. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; manuscript writing
| | - Milene Alvarenga Rachid
- PhD, Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife-PE, Brazil. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; manuscript writing
| | | | - Joaquim Evêncio-Neto
- Full Professor, Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, UFRPE, Recife-PE, Brazil. Conception and design of the study, manuscript preparation
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25
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Anzoise ML, Basso AR, Del Mauro JS, Carranza A, Ordieres GL, Gorzalczany S. Potential usefulness of methyl gallate in the treatment of experimental colitis. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:839-849. [PMID: 29116460 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Methyl gallate is a gallotannin widely distributed in nature. Previous studies have demonstrated its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-tumor activities. In the present study, the activity of methyl gallate on experimental models of inflammatory bowel disease has been investigated. Experimental colitis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats through the intracolonic instillation of an acetic acid solution (2 mL, 4% v/v). Methyl gallate (100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) and the reference drug mesalazine (100 mg/kg, p.o.) were tested. Methyl gallate induced a significant reduction in the colon weight/length ratio and macroscopic lesion score. Besides, the malondialdehyde content and the GSSG/GSH ratio were remarkably decreased. Furthermore, the administration of methyl gallate reduced the expression of COX2, IL-6, TNFα and the severity of microscopic tissue damage induced by acetic acid, while the mean goblet cell density was significantly higher in both the group treated with methyl gallate and the one treated with mesalazine, in comparison with untreated animals. The Na+K+ATPase pump activity was recovered in treated groups (control: 827.2 ± 59.6, colitis: 311.6 ± 54.8, methyl gallate 100 mg/kg: 642.2 ± 175.0, methyl gallate 300 mg/kg: 809.7 ± 100.6, mesalazine: 525.3 ± 81.7). Methyl gallate was also found to induce a significant reduction in the castor oil-induced intestinal motility in Swiss mice, decreasing the peristalsis by 74.5 and 58.82% at 100 and 300 mg/kg p.o., respectively. This compound also antagonized the jejunum contractions induced by Ach and CaCl2. This study demonstrates that methyl gallate exerts beneficial effects in a preclinical model of intestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Anzoise
- Pharmacology Chair, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angeles Rodríguez Basso
- Pharmacology Chair, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Sofía Del Mauro
- Pharmacology Chair, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Carranza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, M T de Alvear 2270, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela López Ordieres
- Pharmacology Chair, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Gorzalczany
- Pharmacology Chair, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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26
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Nunes-Neto PA, Peixoto-Sobrinho TJDS, da Silva Júnior ED, Leopoldina da Silva J, Rodrigo da Silva Oliveira A, Pupo AS, Araújo AV, da Costa-Silva JH, Wanderley AG. The Effect of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) Bark Extract on Histamine-Induced Paw Edema and Ileum Smooth Muscle Contraction. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:1416375. [PMID: 28928787 PMCID: PMC5592001 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1416375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae), popularly known as red aroeira, is used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory, gastric, and respiratory disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihistaminic activity of S. terebinthifolius (St) bark extract by using in vivo and in vitro experimental models. The effects of St were investigated on contractions induced by histamine, carbachol, and potassium chloride in isolated guinea pig ileum. St was also studied in response to hind paw edema induced by histamine in rats. Experiments revealed that although St (250, 500, and 1,000 µg/mL) reduced the histamine-induced contractions by 9.1 ± 1.8, 50.2 ± 2.0, and 68.9 ± 2.0%, respectively, it did not inhibit contractions induced by carbachol or KCl. The association of St (250 and 500 µg/mL) with hydroxyzine, an H1-antihistamine (0.125 and 0.250 µM), increased the inhibitory effect to 67.0 ± 3.2 and 85.1 ± 2.1%, respectively. Moreover, St (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) decreased paw edema from its peak by 33.9, 48.4, and 54.8%, respectively, whereas hydroxyzine (70 mg/kg) inhibited the peak edema by 56.5%. Altogether, the results suggest that the bark extract of S. terebinthifolius has an antihistaminic effect (H1).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - André Sampaio Pupo
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alice Valença Araújo
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - João Henrique da Costa-Silva
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
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Santos TLAD, Queiroz RF, Sawaya ACHF, Lopez BGC, Soares MBP, Bezerra DP, Rodrigues ACBC, Paula VFDE, Waldschmidt AM. Melipona mondury produces a geopropolis with antioxidant, antibacterial and antiproliferative activities. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:2247-2259. [PMID: 28746550 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Geopropolis is a special type of propolis produced by stingless bees. Several pharmacological properties have been described for different types of geopropolis, but there have been no previous studies of the geopropolis from Melipona mondury. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiproliferative activities of M. mondury geopropolis, and determined its chemical profile. The antioxidant activity was determined using in vitro ABTS·+, ·DPPH, and β-carotene/linoleic acid co-oxidation methods. The antibacterial activity was determined using a microdilution method with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The antiproliferative effect was determined in tumor cell lines using the Alamar Blue assay. The chemical profile was obtained using UHPLC-MS and UHPLC-MS/MS. The butanolic fraction had the highest concentration of phenolic compounds and more potent antioxidant properties in all assays. This fraction also had bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects against all bacterial strains at low concentrations, especially S. aureus. The hexane fraction had the highest antiproliferative potential, with IC50 values ranging from 24.2 to 46.6 µg/mL in HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia cell) and K562 (human chronic myelocytic leukemia cell), respectively. Preliminary chemical analysis indicates the presence of terpenes and gallic acid in the geopropolis. Our results indicate the therapeutic potential of geopropolis from M. mondury against inflammatory, oxidative, infectious, and neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tássia L A Dos Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rua José Moreira Sobrinho, s/n, Jequiezinho, 45208-091 Jequié, BA, Brazil
| | - Raphael F Queiroz
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Estrada do Bem Querer, Km 04, s/n, 45031-900 Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Alexandra C H F Sawaya
- Departamento de Biologia e Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Begoña Gimenez-Cassina Lopez
- Departamento de Biologia e Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena B P Soares
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/IGM-FIOCRUZ-BA, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Avenida São Rafael, 2152, São Marcos, 41253-190 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Daniel P Bezerra
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/IGM-FIOCRUZ-BA, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina B C Rodrigues
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/IGM-FIOCRUZ-BA, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Vanderlúcia F DE Paula
- Departmento de Química e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rua José Moreira Sobrinho, s/n, Jequiezinho, 45208-091 Jequié, BA, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Waldschmidt
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Rua José Moreira Sobrinho, s/n, Jequiezinho, 45208-091 Jequié, BA, Brazil
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Silva MMD, Iriguchi EK, Kassuya CAL, Vieira MDC, Foglio MA, Carvalho JED, Ruiz ALT, Souza KDP, Formagio AS. Schinus terebinthifolius : phenolic constituents and in vitro antioxidant, antiproliferative and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Carvalho MG, Aragão CFS, Raffin FN, de L Moura TFA. Development and Validation of a Simultaneous RP-HPLCUV/DAD Method for Determination of Polyphenols in Gels Containing S. terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae). Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:309-315. [PMID: 28539726 PMCID: PMC5421431 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.204559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Topical gels containing extracts of Schinus terebinthifolius have been used to treat bacterial vaginosis. It has been reported that this species has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic properties, which can be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds. In this work, a sensitive and selective reversed-phase HPLC-UV/DAD method for the simultaneous assay of six polyphenols that could be present in S. terebinthifolius was developed. The method was shown to be accurate and precise. Peak purity and similarity index both exceeded 0.99. Calibration curves were linear over the concentration range studied, with correlation coefficients between 0.9931 and 0.9974. This method was used to determine the polyphenol content of a hydroalcoholic extract and pharmacy-compounded vaginal gel. Although the method is useful to assess the 6 phenolic compounds, some compounds could not be detected in the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina G Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte-UFRN-R. General Cordeiro de Farias, s/n, Petrópolis, CEP: Natal/RN/Brasil
| | - Cícero F S Aragão
- Departamento de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Brasil
| | - Fernanda N Raffin
- Departamento de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Brasil
| | - Túlio F A de L Moura
- Departamento de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Brasil
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31
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Correa LB, Pádua TA, Seito LN, Costa TEMM, Silva MA, Candéa ALP, Rosas EC, Henriques MG. Anti-inflammatory Effect of Methyl Gallate on Experimental Arthritis: Inhibition of Neutrophil Recruitment, Production of Inflammatory Mediators, and Activation of Macrophages. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:1554-1566. [PMID: 27227459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Methyl gallate (MG) is a prevalent phenolic acid in the plant kingdom, and its presence in herbal medicines might be related to its remarkable biological effects, such as its antioxidant, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities. Although some indirect evidence suggests anti-inflammatory activity for MG, there are no studies demonstrating this effect in animal models. Herein, we demonstrated that MG (0.7-70 mg/kg) inhibited zymosan-induced experimental arthritis in a dose-dependent manner. The oral administration of MG (7 mg/kg) attenuates arthritis induced by zymosan, affecting edema formation, leukocyte migration, and the production of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, CXCL-1, LTB4, and PGE2). Pretreatment with MG inhibited in vitro neutrophil chemotaxis elicited by CXCL-1, as well as the adhesion of these cells to TNF-α-primed endothelial cells. MG also impaired zymosan-stimulated macrophages by inhibiting IL-6 and NO production, COX-2 and iNOS expression, and intracellular calcium mobilization. Thus, MG is likely to present an anti-inflammatory effect by targeting multiple cellular events such as the production of various inflammatory mediators, as well as leukocyte activation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Barbosa Correa
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, and ‡National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Almeida Pádua
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, and ‡National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Noboru Seito
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, and ‡National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thadeu Estevam Moreira Maramaldo Costa
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, and ‡National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Magaiver Andrade Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, and ‡National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - André Luis Peixoto Candéa
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, and ‡National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elaine Cruz Rosas
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, and ‡National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria G Henriques
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, and ‡National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) , Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Nocchi SR, de Moura-Costa GF, Novello CR, Rodrigues J, Longhini R, de Mello JCP, Filho BPD, Nakamura CV, Ueda-Nakamura T. In vitro Cytotoxicity and Anti-herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Activity of Hydroethanolic Extract, Fractions, and Isolated Compounds from Stem Bark of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:160-4. [PMID: 27076754 PMCID: PMC4809172 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.177903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is associated with orofacial infections and is transmitted by direct contact with infected secretions. Several efforts have been expended in the search for drugs to the treatment for herpes. Schinus terebinthifolius is used in several illnesses and among them, for the topical treatment of skin wounds, especially wounds of mucous membranes, whether infected or not. Objective: To evaluate the cytotoxicity and anti-HSV-1 activity of the crude hydroethanolic extract (CHE) from the stem bark of S. terebinthifolius, as well as its fractions and isolated compounds. Materials and Methods: The CHE was subjected to bioguided fractionation. The anti-HSV-1 activity and the cytotoxicity of the CHE, its fractions, and isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro by SRB method. A preliminar investigation of the action of CHE in the virus–host interaction was conducted by the same assay. Results: CHE presented flavan-3-ols and showed anti-HSV-1 activity, better than its fractions and isolated compounds. The class of substances found in CHE can bind to proteins to form unstable complexes and enveloped viruses, as HSV-1 may be vulnerable to this action. Our results suggest that the CHE interfered with virion envelope structures, masking viral receptors that are necessary for adsorption or entry into host cells. Conclusion: The plant investigated exhibited potential for future development treatment against HSV-1, but further tests are necessary, especially to elucidate the mechanism of action of CHE, as well as preclinical and clinical studies to confirm its safety and efficacy. SUMMARY Crude hydroethanolic extract (CHE) presents promising activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV 1), with selectivity index (SI) = 22.50 CHE has flavan-3-ols in its composition, such as catechin and gallocatechin The fractions and isolated compounds obtained from CHE by bioguided fractionation are less active than the CHE against HSV-1 CHE interferes with viral entry process in the host cell and acts directly on the viral particle.
Abbreviations used: HSV: Herpes simplex virus, CHE: Crude hydroethanolic extract, WF: Water fraction, AF: Ethyl-acetate fraction, MPLC: Medium-performance liquid chromatography, TLC: Thin-layer chromatography, NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance, ESI-MS: Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, SRB: Sulforhodamine B, CPE: Cytopathic effect, CC50: 50% cytotoxic concentration, EC50: 50% effective concentration, PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara Requena Nocchi
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Claudio Roberto Novello
- Coordination of Chemical Engineering, Federal Technical University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão Campus, Santa Barbara Line s/n, BR-85601-970, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Juliana Rodrigues
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Renata Longhini
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, BR-87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Palazzo de Mello
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, BR-87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Benedito Prado Dias Filho
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Health Basic Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, BR-87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Health Basic Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, BR-87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Health Basic Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, BR-87020-900, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Rosas EC, Correa LB, Pádua TDA, Costa TEMM, Mazzei JL, Heringer AP, Bizarro CA, Kaplan MAC, Figueiredo MR, Henriques MG. Anti-inflammatory effect of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi hydroalcoholic extract on neutrophil migration in zymosan-induced arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:490-8. [PMID: 26453933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schinus terebinthifolius is a species of plant from the Anacardiaceae family, which can be found in different regions of Brazil. Schinus is popularly known as aroeirinha, aroeira-vermelha, or Brazilian pepper. In folk medicine, S. terebinthifolius is used for several disorders, including inflammatory conditions, skin wounds, mucosal membrane ulcers, respiratory problems, gout, tumors, diarrhea and arthritis. According to chemical analyses, gallic acid, methyl gallate and pentagalloylglucose are the main components of hydroalcoholic extracts from S. terebinthifolius leaves. In the present study, we demonstrated the ability of a hydroalcoholic extract to inhibit cell migration in arthritis and investigated the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory effect of S. terebinthifolius hydroalcoholic leaf extract (ST-70) was investigated in a zymosan-induced experimental model of inflammation. Male Swiss and C57Bl/6 mice received zymosan (100 µg/cavity) via intra-thoracic (i.t.) or intra-articular (i.a.) injection after oral pre-treatment with ST-70. The direct action of ST-70 on neutrophils was evaluated via chemotaxis. RESULTS ST-70 exhibited a dose-dependent effect in the pleurisy model. The median effective dose (ED50) was 100mg/kg, which inhibited 70% of neutrophil accumulation when compared with the control group. ST-70 reduced joint diameter and neutrophil influx for synovial tissues at 6h and 24h in zymosan-induced arthritis. Additionally, ST-70 inhibited synovial interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, keratinocyte-derived chemokine (CXCL1/KC) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α production at 6h and CXCL1/KC and IL-1β production at 24h. The direct activity of ST-70 on neutrophils was observed via the impairment of CXCL1/KC-induced chemotaxis in neutrophils. Oral administration of ST-70 did not induce gastric damage. Daily administration for twenty days did not kill any animals. In contrast, similar administrations of diclofenac induced gastric damage and killed all animals by the fifth day. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects of ST-70, suggesting a putative use of this herb for the development of phytomedicines to treat inflammatory diseases, such as joint inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Cruz Rosas
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Luana Barbosa Correa
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana de Almeida Pádua
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thadeu Estevam Moreira Maramaldo Costa
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Mazzei
- Analytical Center, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alan Patrick Heringer
- Natural Products Laboratory, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Bizarro
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Raquel Figueiredo
- Natural Products Laboratory, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria G Henriques
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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D’Sousa’ Costa CO, Ribeiro PR, Loureiro MB, Simões RC, de Castro RD, Fernandez LG. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of extracts prepared from different tissues of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi that occurs in the coast of Bahia, Brazil. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:607-14. [PMID: 26246739 PMCID: PMC4522850 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.160459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schinus terebinthifolius is widely used in traditional medicine by Brazilian quilombola and indigenous communities for treatment of several diseases. Extracts from different tissues are being used to produce creams to treat cervicitis and cervicovaginitis. However, most studies are limited to the assessment of the essential oils and extracts obtained from the leaves. OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate antioxidant and antibacterial activities, to assess the phytochemical profile and to quantify total phenolic compounds of various extracts prepared from S. terebinthifolius grown in the coast of Bahia, Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracts were obtained by hot continuous extraction (soxhlet) and by maceration. Quantification of phenolic compounds was performed using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and antioxidant properties were assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay. Phytochemical screening was performed as described by in the literature and antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) was determined by the microdilution broth assay. RESULTS Extraction method greatly affected the metabolite profile of the extracts. Antioxidant activity varied between 21.92% and 85.76%, while total phenols ranged between 5.44 and 309.03 mg EAG/g of extract. Leaf extract obtained with soxhlet showed minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 15.62 μg/mL, while stem extract obtained by maceration was able to inhibit the growth of E. faecalis at 62.5 μg/mL. Stem bark extracts showed a MIC of 500 μg/mL for both extraction methods, while no inhibition was observed for fruit extracts. CONCLUSION In general, total phenolic content, antioxidant and antibacterial activities were higher in samples obtained by soxhlet. Our results provide important clues in order to identify alternative sources of bioactive compounds that can be used to develop new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinara Oliveira D’Sousa’ Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioproducts (LBBB), Department of Biofunction, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioproducts (LBBB), Department of Biofunction, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Brazil
| | - Marta Bruno Loureiro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioproducts (LBBB), Department of Biofunction, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Brazil
| | - Rafael Conceição Simões
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioproducts (LBBB), Department of Biofunction, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Brazil
| | - Renato Delmondez de Castro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioproducts (LBBB), Department of Biofunction, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Brazil
| | - Luzimar Gonzaga Fernandez
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioproducts (LBBB), Department of Biofunction, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Brazil
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Silva JC, Araújo CDS, de Lima-Saraiva SRG, de Oliveira-Junior RG, Diniz TC, Wanderley CWDS, Palheta-Júnior RC, Mendes RL, Guimarães AG, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Almeida JRGDS. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic extract of Annona vepretorum Mart. (Annonaceae) in rodents. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:197. [PMID: 26104689 PMCID: PMC4478715 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Annona vepretorum Mart. (Annonaceae) is a native tree from Caatinga (Brazilian Northeastern savanna biome), popularly known as “araticum” and “pinha da Caatinga”. In this study, we investigated the effects of the crude ethanolic extract (Av-EtOH) in models of pain and inflammation in rodents. Methods The evaluation of antinociceptive activity was carried out by the acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin, hot plate and tail flick tests, while paw edema induced by carrageenan or histamine, and leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity were used for anti-inflammatory profile. Histological analyses also were carried out. Results Av-EtOH (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o) significantly reduced the number of writhing (P < 0.01) and decreased (P < 0.01) the paw licking time in both phases of the formalin test. In the hot plate and tail flick tests, this extract increased the reaction time, consequently reduced painful behavior. The effects in the formalin and hot plate tests were antagonized by naloxone. Av-EtOH inhibited significantly (P < 0.01) the increase in the edema volume after administration of carrageenan and histamine. In the peritonitis test, acute pre-treatment with Av-EtOH inhibited leukocyte migration. Histological analysis showed less inflammation in the groups treated with the extract when the inflammation was induced by carrageenan or histamine. Conclusion Thus, Av-EtOH has significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties, which are related probably with the activation of opioid receptors and inhibition of release of mediators of the inflammatory process. This specie is a potential target for drug discovery.
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Procópio TF, Fernandes KM, Pontual EV, Ximenes RM, de Oliveira ARC, Souza CDS, Melo AMMDA, Navarro DMDAF, Paiva PMG, Martins GF, Napoleão TH. Schinus terebinthifolius Leaf Extract Causes Midgut Damage, Interfering with Survival and Development of Aedes aegypti Larvae. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126612. [PMID: 25974067 PMCID: PMC4431797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a leaf extract from Schinus terebinthifolius was evaluated for effects on survival, development, and midgut of A. aegypti fourth instar larvae (L4), as well as for toxic effect on Artemia salina. Leaf extract was obtained using 0.15 M NaCl and evaluated for phytochemical composition and lectin activity. Early L4 larvae were incubated with the extract (0.3–1.35%, w/v) for 8 days, in presence or absence of food. Polymeric proanthocyanidins, hydrolysable tannins, heterosid and aglycone flavonoids, cinnamic acid derivatives, traces of steroids, and lectin activity were detected in the extract, which killed the larvae at an LC50 of 0.62% (unfed larvae) and 1.03% (fed larvae). Further, the larvae incubated with the extract reacted by eliminating the gut content. No larvae reached the pupal stage in treatments at concentrations between 0.5% and 1.35%, while in the control (fed larvae), 61.7% of individuals emerged as adults. The extract (1.0%) promoted intense disorganization of larval midgut epithelium, including deformation and hypertrophy of cells, disruption of microvilli, and vacuolization of cytoplasms, affecting digestive, enteroendocrine, regenerative, and proliferating cells. In addition, cells with fragmented DNA were observed. Separation of extract components by solid phase extraction revealed that cinnamic acid derivatives and flavonoids are involved in larvicidal effect of the extract, being the first most efficient in a short time after larvae treatment. The lectin present in the extract was isolated, but did not show deleterious effects on larvae. The extract and cinnamic acid derivatives were toxic to A. salina nauplii, while the flavonoids showed low toxicity. S. terebinthifolius leaf extract caused damage to the midgut of A. aegypti larvae, interfering with survival and development. The larvicidal effect of the extract can be attributed to cinnamic acid derivatives and flavonoids. The data obtained using A. salina indicates that caution should be used when employing this extract as a larvicidal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamara Figueiredo Procópio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670–420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Kenner Morais Fernandes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570–900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Viana Pontual
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670–420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Dois Irmãos, 52171–900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rafael Matos Ximenes
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670–420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Aline Rafaella Cardoso de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670–420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Carolina de Santana Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670–420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50740–560, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670–420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ferreira Martins
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570–900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670–420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Abdou RH, Saleh SY, Khalil WF. Toxicological and biochemical studies on Schinus terebinthifolius concerning its curative and hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S93-S101. [PMID: 26109780 PMCID: PMC4461974 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.157705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, many efforts have been made to discover new products of natural origin which can limit the xenobiotic-induced hepatic injury. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a highly toxic chemical that is widely used to study hepatotoxicity in animal models. OBJECTIVE The present study was conducted to investigate the curative and protective effects of Schinus terbenthifolius ethanolic extract against CCl4 -induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS S. terbenthifolius extract was orally administered in a dose of 350 mg dried extract/kg b.wt. before and after intoxication with CCl4 for curative and protective experiments, respectively. A group of hepatotoxicity indicative enzymes, oxidant-antioxidant capacity, DNA oxidation, and apoptosis markers were measured. RESULTS CCl4 increased liver enzyme leakage, oxidative stress, hepatic apoptosis, DNA oxidation, and inflammatory markers. Administration of S. terebinthifolius, either before or after CCl4 intoxication, significantly decreased elevated serum liver enzymes and reinstated the antioxidant capacity. Interestingly, S. terebinthifolius extract inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis as revealed by approximately 20 times down-regulation in caspase-3 expression when compared to CCl4 untreated group. On the other hand, there was neither protective nor curative effect of S. terebinthifolius against DNA damage caused by CCl4. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that S. terebinthifolius extract could be a substantially promising hepatoprotective agent against CCl4 toxic effects and may be against other hepatotoxic chemical or drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania H. Abdou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Sherif Y. Saleh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Waleed F. Khalil
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Feuereisen MM, Hoppe J, Zimmermann BF, Weber F, Schulze-Kaysers N, Schieber A. Characterization of phenolic compounds in Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) exocarp. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:6219-26. [PMID: 24881808 DOI: 10.1021/jf500977d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize the phenolic composition of Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) exocarp extract. Using UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis, four anthocyanins, three biflavonoids, gallic acid, and two types of hydrolyzable tannins (galloyl glucoses, galloyl shikimic acids) were tentatively identified. The structure of the so far unknown 7-O-methylpelargonidin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside was elucidated by 2D NMR. Within the group of gallotannins, galloyl shikimic acids with uncommon degrees of galloylation (tetra- to hexagalloyl shikimic acids) were detected. Among the biflavonoids, I3',II8-biapigenin (amentoflavone), I6,II8-biapigenin (agathisflavone), and II-2,3-dihydro-I3',II8-biapigenin were identified, which have already been described for Anacardiaceae. From the results of the present study together with previous findings on the phenolic profile of other Anacardiaceae plants, it is concluded that 7-methoxylated flavonoids are a chemotaxonomic trait frequently found in this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Feuereisen
- Department of Nutritional and Food Sciences - Chair of Food Technology and Food Biotechnology, University of Bonn , Römerstrasse 164, D-53117 Bonn, Germany
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Piccinelli AC, Santos JA, Konkiewitz EC, Oesterreich SA, Formagio ASN, Croda J, Ziff EB, Kassuya CAL. Antihyperalgesic and antidepressive actions of (R)-(+)-limonene, α-phellandrene, and essential oil from Schinus terebinthifolius fruits in a neuropathic pain model. Nutr Neurosci 2014; 18:217-24. [PMID: 24661285 DOI: 10.1179/1476830514y.0000000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have shown that essential oil containing (R)-(+)-limonene and α-phellandrene, extracted from fruits of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. This work aimed to verify the antihyperalgesic and antidepressive actions of (R)-(+)-limonene, α-phellandrene, and essential oil from S. terebinthifolius fruits in spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain in rats. METHODS In the present work, essential oil from fruits of S. terebinthifolius, as well as the pure (R)-(+)-limonene and α-phellandrene compounds, were assayed for their effects on SNI-induced mechanical and cold hyperalgesia, and depressive-like behavior (immobility in forced swim test) in rats. The locomotor activity was evaluated in open-field test. RESULTS Oral administration for up to 15 days of essential oil of S. terebinthifolius (100 mg/kg), (R)-(+)-limonene (10 mg/kg), α-phellandrene (10 mg/kg), and also subcutaneous 10 mg/kg dose of ketamine (positive control) significantly inhibited SNI-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and increased immobility in the forced swim test. On the 15th day of oral treatment, α-phellandrene, but neither the essential oil from S. terebinthifolius nor (R)-(+)-limonene, prevented the SNI-induced increase in sensitivity to a cold stimulus. The oral treatment with essential oil (100 mg/kg) or with compounds (10 mg/kg) did not interfere on locomotor activity. DISCUSSION Together, the results of the present work show that essential oil of S. terebinthifolius and compounds present in this oil, including (R)-(+)-limonene and α-phellandrene, exhibit antihyperalgesic effects against mechanical hyperalgesia, and are antidepressive, while only α-phellandrene inhibited cold hyperalgesia in SNI rats.
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Naik SR, Bhagat S, Shah PD, Tare AA, Ingawale D, Wadekar RR. Evaluation of anti-allergic and anti-anaphylactic activity of ethanolic extract of Zizyphus jujuba fruits in rodents. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2013000500014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Andhare RN, Raut MK, Naik SR. Evaluation of antiallergic and anti-anaphylactic activity of ethanolic extract of Sanseveiria trifasciata leaves (EEST) in rodents. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 142:627-633. [PMID: 22683909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The leaves and rhizomes of Sansevieria trifasciata are used in folk medicine for treating bronchitis, asthma, cough, snake bite and insect bite etc. The ethanolic extract elicited analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity. Hence, it was decided to study the antiallergic activity of ethanolic extract of S. trifasciata (EEST) on various animal models as well as in vitro conditions, and also to understand possible mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethanolic extract of S. trifasciata leaves (EEST) were prepared by cold maceration followed by concentration and evaporation under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator to obtain semisolid mass. The various phytoconstituents were analyzed. The acute toxicity study of EEST was carried out in mice. The antiallergic and anaphylactic activities were evaluated using animal models viz. milk induced eosinophilia and leukocytosis, compound 48/80 induced mast cell degranulation, active and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and histamine induced pedal edema. In addition, EEST effect on Shultz-Dale reaction in sensitized guinea pig ileum in ex vivo and antioxidant activity by free radical scavenging by DPPH method (in vitro) were also studied. RESULTS EEST treatment at 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg p.o inhibited (a) milk-induced increased eosinophilia, leukocytosis, monocytes and neutrophils. (b) Prevented passive cutaneous and active anaphylactoid reactions. (c) Prevented compound 48/80 induced degranulation of sensitized mesenteric mast cells. (d) Inhibited histamine induced pedal edema formation significantly. EEST pretreatment inhibited Shultz-Dale reaction in guinea pig ileum and also elicited potent antioxidant activity. CONCLUSION Experimental findings demonstrate promising antiallergic and anti-anaphylactic activity of EEST and also elicited potent antioxidant activity. The antiallergic and anti-anphylactic activity might be due to inhibition of release of chemical mediators from mast cells largely by phytoconstituents like steroidal saponins, triterpenoids and flavonoids present in EEST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan N Andhare
- Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
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Yu WS, Jeong SJ, Kim JH, Lee HJ, Song HS, Kim MS, Ko E, Lee HJ, Khil JH, Jang HJ, Kim YC, Bae H, Chen CY, Kim SH. The genome-wide expression profile of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose-treated MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells: molecular target on cancer metabolism. Mol Cells 2011; 32:123-32. [PMID: 21614488 PMCID: PMC3887664 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-011-2254-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 03/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG), a polyphenolic compound isolated from Rhus chinensis Mill. PGG has been known to have anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic and anti-diabetic activities. The present study revealed another underlying molecular target of PGG in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by using Illumina Human Ref-8 expression BeadChip assay. Through the Beadstudio v3 micro assay program to compare the identified genes expressed in PGG-treated MDA-MB-231 cells with untreated control, we found several unique genes that are closely associated with pyruvate metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and tyrosine metabolism, including PC, ACSS2, ACACA, ACYP2, ALDH3B1, FBP1, PRMT2 and COMT. Consistent with microarray data, real-time RT-PCR confirmed the significant down-regulation of these genes at mRNA level in PGG-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Our findings suggest the potential of PGG as anticancer agent for breast cancer cells by targeting cancer metabolism genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Sik Yu
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Soo-Jin Jeong
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ji-Hyun Kim
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Hyo Sook Song
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- College of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, USA
| | - Eunjung Ko
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Lee
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Khil
- College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Young Chul Kim
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Hyunsu Bae
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Chang Yan Chen
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Methanol extract from mycelium of endophytic fungus Rhizoctonia sp. induces antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in mice. J Nat Med 2011; 65:526-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-011-0534-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gorzalczany S, López P, Acevedo C, Ferraro G. Anti-inflammatory effect of Lithrea molleoides extracts and isolated active compounds. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:994-998. [PMID: 21094245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY In this study the anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous, dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂) and methanolic (MeOH) extracts and two major compounds isolated from Lithrea molleoides (Vell.) Engl. (Anacardiaceae) were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two classical experimental models were used, carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13 acetate (TPA) induced mouse ear edema. RESULTS MeOH extracts exhibited a significant systemical anti-inflammatory effect in the carrageenan (inhibition of 46% at 3 h) and in the TPA-ear edema test (inhibition of 21%). The presence of methyl gallate (inhibition of 63% in TPA ear edema), as one of the main compounds in the active fraction from MeOH extract may be explained the effect observed. Also, 1,3-dihydroxy-(Z,Z)-5-(tridec-4',7́dienyl) benzene obtained from CH₂Cl₂ extract showed a significant topical anti-inflammatory activity (inhibition of 68%). Furthermore, no signs of toxicity were observed with doses up to 3g/kg in an acute toxicity assay. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study present evidence that Lithrea molleoides given either systemically or topically has anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gorzalczany
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, UBA, Junín 956 (C1113AAD), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Li L, Shaik AA, Zhang J, Nhkata K, Wang L, Zhang Y, Xing C, Kim SH, Lü J. Preparation of penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose from tannic acid and plasma pharmacokinetic analyses by liquid-liquid extraction and reverse-phase HPLC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 54:545-50. [PMID: 20970943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The gallotannin penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG) has many biological activities including in vivo anti-cancer efficacy. We present in this paper a scaled-up protocol for its preparation in high purity from tannic acid by acidic methanolysis with typical yield of 15%. We also describe a method for the analysis of PGG in mouse plasma by HPLC and its application in preliminary pharmacokinetic studies. A liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) protocol was optimized for the extraction of PGG from mouse plasma. The extraction efficiency for PGG at 1 μg/mL in mouse plasma was 70.0±1.3% (n=5). The limit of detection (LOD) for PGG was approximately 0.2 μg/mL. Preliminary pharmacokinetic parameters of PGG following a single i.p. injection with 5% ethanol/saline vehicle in mice were established. The peak plasma PGG concentrations (C(max)) were approximately 3-4 μM at a dose of 0.5 mg per mouse (∼20 mg/kg) at 2 h post-injection (T(max)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
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Lima LB, Vasconcelos CFB, Maranhão HML, Leite VR, Ferreira PA, Andrade BA, Araújo EL, Xavier HS, Lafayette SSL, Wanderley AG. Acute and subacute toxicity of Schinus terebinthifolius bark extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 126:468-473. [PMID: 19781616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) has long been used in traditional Brazilian medicine, especially to treat inflammatory and haemostatic diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to evaluate the acute and subacute toxicity (45 days) of Schinus terebinthifolius via the oral route in Wistar rats of both sexes. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the acute toxicity test, the dried extract of Schinus terebinthifolius bark was administered in doses from 0.625 to 5.0 g/kg (n=5/group/sex) and in the subacute toxicity test the following doses were used: 0.25, 0.625 and 1.5625 g/kg/day (n=13/group/sex), for 45 consecutive days. RESULTS In the acute toxicity test, Schinus terebinthifolius did not produce any toxic signs or deaths. The subacute treatment with Schinus terebinthifolius did not alter either the body weight gain or the food and water consumption. The hematological and biochemical analysis did not show significant differences in any of the parameters examined in female or male groups, except in two male groups, in which the treatment with Schinus terebinthifolius (0.25 and 0.625 g/kg) induced an increase of mean corpuscular volume values (2.9 and 2.6%, respectively). These variations are within the physiological limits described for the specie and does not have clinical relevance. CONCLUSION The acute and subacute administration of the dried extract of Schinus terebinthifolius bark did not produced toxic effects in Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Lima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, 50740-521, Brazil
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Zhang J, Li L, Kim SH, Hagerman AE, Lü J. Anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and other pharmacologic and biological activities of penta-galloyl-glucose. Pharm Res 2009; 26:2066-80. [PMID: 19575286 PMCID: PMC2822717 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-009-9932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG) is a polyphenolic compound highly enriched in a number of medicinal herbals. Several in vitro and a handful of in vivo studies have shown that PGG exhibits multiple biological activities which implicate a great potential for PGG in the therapy and prevention of several major diseases including cancer and diabetes. Chemically and functionally, PGG appears to be distinct from its constituent gallic acid or tea polyphenols. For anti-cancer activity, three published in vivo preclinical cancer model studies with PGG support promising efficacy to selectively inhibit malignancy without host toxicity. Potential mechanisms include anti-angiogenesis; anti-proliferative actions through inhibition of DNA replicative synthesis, S-phase arrest, and G(1) arrest; induction of apoptosis; anti-inflammation; and anti-oxidation. Putative molecular targets include p53, Stat3, Cox-2, VEGFR1, AP-1, SP-1, Nrf-2, and MMP-9. For anti-diabetic activity, PGG and analogues appear to improve glucose uptake. However, very little is known about the absorption, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism of PGG, or its toxicity profile. The lack of a large quantity of highly pure PGG has been a bottleneck limiting in vivo validation of cancer preventive and therapeutic efficacies in clinically relevant models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Zhang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Li Li
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center and Institute, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyunghee University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ann E. Hagerman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford OH 45056
| | - Junxuan Lü
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
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Balbani APS, Silva DHS, Montovani JC. Patents of drugs extracted from Brazilian medicinal plants. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2009; 19:461-73. [PMID: 19441926 DOI: 10.1517/13543770902824180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants synthesise a vast repertoire of chemicals with various biological activities. Brazilian enormous botanical diversity facilitates the development of novel ethical drugs for the treatment of diseases in humans. OBJECTIVE To present therapeutic patent applications comprising Brazilian native plants published in the 2003-2008 period in light of legal aspects of patentability of biodiversity and public health concerns. METHODS Therapeutic patent applications related to Brazilian medicinal plants available at both the European Patent Office and the Brazilian National Institute of Industrial Property databases were reviewed. RESULTS/CONCLUSION Twenty-five patents are presented, most of which concern inflammatory, allergic, parasitic, infectious or digestive diseases, including extracts from Carapa guianensis, Copaifera genus, Cordia verbenacea, Erythrina mulungu, Physalis angulata and other pharmaceutical compositions with antileishmanial, antimalarial or trypanocidal activity. Brazilian research centres and universities are responsible for most of these inventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aracy P S Balbani
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, Botucatu, Rua Capitao Lisboa, 715-cj. 33, 18270-070, Tatui, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Carvalho MG, Freire FD, Raffin FN, Aragão CFS, Moura TFAL. LC Determination of Gallic Acid in Preparations Derived from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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