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Lone AH, Tang J, Pignalosa A, Hsu HH, Abdul-Sater AA, Sweeney G. A novel blood-based bioassay to monitor adiponectin signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111890. [PMID: 38547772 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The diverse beneficial effects of adiponectin-receptor signaling, including its impact on the regulation of inflammatory processes in vivo, have resulted in development of adiponectin receptor agonists as a treatment for metabolic disorders. However, there are no established non-invasive bioassays for detection of adiponectin target engagement in humans or animal models. Here, we designed an assay using small amounts of blood to assess adiponectin action. Specifically, we tested effects of the small 10-amino acid peptide adiponectin receptor agonist, ALY688, in a sublethal LPS endotoxemia model in mice. LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in serum were significantly reduced in mice treated with ALY688, assessed via multiplex ELISA in flow cytometry. Furthermore, ALY688 alone significantly induced TGF-β release in serum 1 h after treatment and was elevated for up to 24 h. Additionally, using a flow-cytometry panel for detection of changes in circulating immune cell phenotypes, we observed a significant increase in absolute T cell counts in mice after ALY688 treatment. To assess changes in intracellular signaling effectors downstream of adiponectin, phospho-flow cytometry was conducted. There was a significant increase in phosphorylation of AMPK and p38-MAPK in mice after ALY688 treatment. We then used human donor immune cells (PBMCs) treated with ALY688 ex vivo and observed elevation of AMPK and p38-MAPK phosphorylation from baseline in response to ALY688. Together, these results indicate we can detect adiponectin action on immune cells in vivo by assessing adiponectin signaling pathway for AMPK and p38-MAPK, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. This new approach provides a blood-based bioassay for screening adiponectin action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jialing Tang
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Henry H Hsu
- Allysta Pharmaceuticals Inc., Bellevue, WA, USA
| | - Ali A Abdul-Sater
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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2
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Kiełbowski K, Bakinowska E, Ostrowski P, Pala B, Gromowska E, Gurazda K, Dec P, Modrzejewski A, Pawlik A. The Role of Adipokines in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076390. [PMID: 37047363 PMCID: PMC10094354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic and immune-mediated skin condition characterized by pro-inflammatory cytokines and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and keratinocytes represent the main cell subtypes involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, while the interleukin-23 (IL-23)/IL-17 pathway enhances the disease progression. Human adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, which secretes multiple proteins, known as adipokines, such as adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, or resistin. Current evidence highlights the immunomodulatory roles of adipokines, which may contribute to the progression or suppression of psoriasis. A better understanding of the complexity of psoriasis pathophysiology linked with adipokines could result in developing novel diagnostic or therapeutic strategies. This review aims to present the pathogenesis of psoriasis and the roles of adipokines in this process.
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3
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Erra Diaz F, Mazzitelli I, Bleichmar L, Melucci C, Thibodeau A, Dalotto Moreno T, Marches R, Rabinovich GA, Ucar D, Geffner J. Concomitant inhibition of PPARγ and mTORC1 induces the differentiation of human monocytes into highly immunogenic dendritic cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112156. [PMID: 36842088 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes can differentiate into macrophages (Mo-Macs) or dendritic cells (Mo-DCs). The cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induces the differentiation of monocytes into Mo-Macs, while the combination of GM-CSF/interleukin (IL)-4 is widely used to generate Mo-DCs for clinical applications and to study human DC biology. Here, we report that pharmacological inhibition of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in the presence of GM-CSF and the absence of IL-4 induces monocyte differentiation into Mo-DCs. Remarkably, we find that simultaneous inhibition of PPARγ and the nutrient sensor mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) induces the differentiation of Mo-DCs with stronger phenotypic stability, superior immunogenicity, and a transcriptional profile characterized by a strong type I interferon (IFN) signature, a lower expression of a large set of tolerogenic genes, and the differential expression of several transcription factors compared with GM-CSF/IL-4 Mo-DCs. Our findings uncover a pathway that tailors Mo-DC differentiation with potential implications in the fields of DC vaccination and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Erra Diaz
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Mazzitelli
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Bleichmar
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Melucci
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Asa Thibodeau
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Tomás Dalotto Moreno
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Radu Marches
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Duygu Ucar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Jorge Geffner
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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4
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Stasevich EM, Zheremyan EA, Kuprash DV, Schwartz AM. Interaction Between Adipocytes and B Lymphocytes in Human Metabolic Diseases. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:280-288. [PMID: 37072333 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Diseases associated with the disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism are widespread in the modern world. Interaction between the cells of adipose tissue - adipocytes - and immune system cells is an essential factor in pathogenesis of such diseases. Long-term increase in the glucose and fatty acid levels leads to adipocyte hypertrophy and increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines by these cells. As a result, immune cells acquire a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and new leukocytes are recruited. Inflammation of adipose tissue leads to insulin resistance and stimulates formation of atherosclerotic plaques and development of autoimmunity. New studies show that different groups of B lymphocytes play an essential role in regulation of adipose tissue inflammation. Decrease in the number of B-2 lymphocytes suppresses development of a number of metabolic diseases, whereas decreased numbers of the regulatory B lymphocytes and B-1 lymphocytes are associated with more severe pathology. Recent studies showed that adipocytes influence B lymphocyte activity both directly and by altering activity of other immune cells. These findings provide better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of human pathologies associated with impaired carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina M Stasevich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Elina A Zheremyan
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitriy V Kuprash
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Anton M Schwartz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 141701, Russia
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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5
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Zi C, Wang D, Gao Y, He L. The role of Th17 cells in endocrine organs: Involvement of the gut, adipose tissue, liver and bone. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1104943. [PMID: 36726994 PMCID: PMC9884980 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1104943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
T Helper 17 (Th17) cells are adaptive immune cells that play myriad roles in the body. Immune-endocrine interactions are vital in endocrine organs during pathological states. Th17 cells are known to take part in multiple autoimmune diseases over the years. Current evidence has moved from minimal to substantial that Th17 cells are closely related to endocrine organs. Diverse tissue Th17 cells have been discovered within endocrine organs, including gut, adipose tissue, liver and bone, and these cells are modulated by various secretions from endocrine organs. Th17 cells in these endocrine organs are key players in the process of an array of metabolic disorders and inflammatory conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), osteoporosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We reviewed the pathogenetic or protective functions played by Th17 cells in various endocrine tissues and identified potential regulators for plasticity of it. Furthermore, we discussed the roles of Th17 cells in crosstalk of gut-organs axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyan Zi
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Die Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- School of International Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yongxiang Gao, ; Lisha He,
| | - Lisha He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yongxiang Gao, ; Lisha He,
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6
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Shirakawa K, Sano M. Drastic transformation of visceral adipose tissue and peripheral CD4 T cells in obesity. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1044737. [PMID: 36685567 PMCID: PMC9846168 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1044737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has a pronounced effect on the immune response in systemic organs that results in not only insulin resistance but also altered immune responses to infectious diseases and malignant tumors. Obesity-associated microenvironmental changes alter transcriptional expression and metabolism in T cells, leading to alterations in T-cell differentiation, proliferation, function, and survival. Adipokines, cytokines, and lipids derived from obese visceral adipose tissue (VAT) may also contribute to the systemic T-cell phenotype, resulting in obesity-specific pathogenesis. VAT T cells, which have multiple roles in regulating homeostasis and energy utilization and defending against pathogens, are most susceptible to obesity. In particular, many studies have shown that CD4 T cells are deeply involved in the homeostasis of VAT endocrine and metabolic functions and in obesity-related chronic inflammation. In obesity, macrophages and adipocytes in VAT function as antigen-presenting cells and contribute to the obesity-specific CD4 T-cell response by inducing CD4 T-cell proliferation and differentiation into inflammatory effectors via interactions between major histocompatibility complex class II and T-cell receptors. When obesity persists, prolonged stimulation by leptin and circulating free fatty acids, repetitive antigen stimulation, activating stress responses, and hypoxia induce exhaustion of CD4 T cells in VAT. T-cell exhaustion is characterized by restricted effector function, persistent expression of inhibitory receptors, and a transcriptional state distinct from functional effector and memory T cells. Moreover, obesity causes thymic regression, which may result in homeostatic proliferation of obesity-specific T-cell subsets due to changes in T-cell metabolism and gene expression in VAT. In addition to causing T-cell exhaustion, obesity also accelerates cellular senescence of CD4 T cells. Senescent CD4 T cells secrete osteopontin, which causes further VAT inflammation. The obesity-associated transformation of CD4 T cells remains a negative legacy even after weight loss, causing treatment resistance of obesity-related conditions. This review discusses the marked transformation of CD4 T cells in VAT and systemic organs as a consequence of obesity-related microenvironmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Motoaki Sano
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Interplay between fat cells and immune cells in bone: Impact on malignant progression and therapeutic response. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Horckmans M, Diaz Villamil E, Bianchini M, De Roeck L, Communi D. Central role of PD-L1 in cardioprotection resulting from P2Y4 nucleotide receptor loss. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1006934. [PMID: 36248854 PMCID: PMC9555169 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1006934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the immune function of pericardial adipose tissue is essential to adapt treatments after myocardial infarction. We showed previously that inactivation of mouse P2Y4 nucleotide receptor induces adiponectin overexpression and protection against myocardial infarction. We investigated here the inflammatory state of pericardial adipose tissue in ischemic P2Y4-deficient mice. We demonstrated that P2Y4-deficient mice displayed adipocyte beiging with increased PD-L1 expression and a higher number of regulatory leukocytes in their pericardial adipose tissue after left anterior descending artery ligation, compared to wild type mice. Effectively, a higher level of anti-inflammatory M2c macrophages and regulatory T cells was observed in pericardial adipose tissue of P2Y4 KO mice and correlated with reduced post-ischemic expansion of fat-associated lymphoid clusters. Interestingly, the anti-inflammatory effects observed in P2Y4 KO mice, were no more observed in P2Y4/adiponectin double KO ischemic mice. Finally, the reduction of T cell infiltration and cardiac fibrosis observed in P2Y4-deficient heart was lost after injection of anti-PD-L1 blocking antibody in ischemic mice. The present study defines P2Y4 as a regulator of PD-L1 and adiponectin, and as a potential target for anti-inflammatory therapies to improve myocardial infarction outcome. The combined effect of P2Y4 loss on adipocyte beiging and regulatory leukocyte increase highlights this nucleotide receptor as an important player in post-ischemic cardiac response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Horckmans
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Esteban Diaz Villamil
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mariaelvy Bianchini
- Institute for Cardio-vascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, German
| | - Lucas De Roeck
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Communi
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Didier Communi,
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9
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Peng J, Huang H, Huan Q, Liao C, Guo Z, Hu D, Shen X, Xiao H. Adiponectin Deficiency Enhances Anti-Tumor Immunity of CD8+ T Cells in Rhabdomyosarcoma Through Inhibiting STAT3 Activation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:847088. [PMID: 35530361 PMCID: PMC9074303 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.847088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Restoring the tumor-killing function of CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment is an important strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Our previous study indicated that adiponectin (APN) deficiency reprogramed tumor-associated macrophages into an M1-like phenotype to inhibit rhabdomyosarcoma growth. However, whether APN can directly regulate the anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T cells remains unknown. In the present study, our results showed that exogenous APN inhibited in vitro CD8+ T cell migration as well as cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α production. APN deficiency in vivo strengthened CD8+ T cell activation and cytotoxicity to restrain rhabdomyosarcoma, evidenced by an increase in the expression of IFN-γ and perforin in CD8+ T cells and the frequency of CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells in the spleen and lymph nodes, as well as increasing cytokine production of IFN-γ, perforin, TNF-α, and decreasing cytokine production of IL-10 in the serum. Mechanistically, STAT3 was identified as a target of APN in negatively regulating the anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T cells. In vivo, a STAT3 inhibitor remarkably increased CD8+ as well as CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells in the spleen and lymph nodes. Taken together, we substantiated that APN deficiency directly maintains the activation of CD8+ T cells to inhibit rhabdomyosarcoma growth by suppressing STAT3 activation, indicating a promising APN-based therapy for the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Haifeng Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuchan Huan
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chenghui Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zebin Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Die Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Haitao Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Haitao Xiao,
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10
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Suau R, Pardina E, Domènech E, Lorén V, Manyé J. The Complex Relationship Between Microbiota, Immune Response and Creeping Fat in Crohn's Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:472-489. [PMID: 34528668 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, there has been growing interest in the pathological involvement of hypertrophic mesenteric fat attached to the serosa of the inflamed intestinal segments involved in Crohn's disease [CD], known as creeping fat. In spite of its protective nature, creeping fat harbours an aberrant inflammatory activity which, in an already inflamed intestine, may explain why creeping fat is associated with a greater severity of CD. The transmural inflammation of CD facilitates the interaction of mesenteric fat with translocated intestinal microorganisms, contributing to activation of the immune response. This may be not the only way in which microorganisms alter the homeostasis of this fatty tissue: intestinal dysbiosis may also impair xenobiotic metabolism. All these CD-related alterations have a functional impact on nuclear receptors such as the farnesoid X receptor or the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, which are implicated in regulation of the immune response, adipogenesis and the maintenance of barrier function, as well as on creeping fat production of inflammatory-associated cells such as adipokines. The dysfunction of creeping fat worsens the inflammatory course of CD and may favour intestinal fibrosis and fistulizing complications. However, our current knowledge of the pathophysiology and pathogenic role of creeping fat is controversial and a better understanding might provide new therapeutic targets for CD. Here we aim to review and update the key cellular and molecular alterations involved in this inflammatory process that link the pathological components of CD with the development of creeping fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Suau
- IBD Research Group, 'Germans Trias i Pujol' Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona (Catalonia), Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Pardina
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (Catalonia), Spain
| | - Eugeni Domènech
- IBD Research Group, 'Germans Trias i Pujol' Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona (Catalonia), Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain.,Gastroenterology Department, 'Germans Trias i Pujol' University Hospital, Badalona (Catalonia), Spain
| | - Violeta Lorén
- IBD Research Group, 'Germans Trias i Pujol' Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona (Catalonia), Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Manyé
- IBD Research Group, 'Germans Trias i Pujol' Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona (Catalonia), Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Mollet I, Martins C, Ângelo-Dias M, Carvalho AS, Aloria K, Matthiesen R, Baptista MV, Borrego LM, Vieira HL. Pilot study in human healthy volunteers on the mechanisms underlying remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) – Targeting circulating immune cells and immune-related proteins. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 367:577847. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Fooks AN, Beppu LY, Frias AB, D'Cruz LM. Adipose tissue regulatory T cells: differentiation and function. Int Rev Immunol 2022; 42:323-333. [PMID: 35212593 PMCID: PMC9402810 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2022.2044808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Rising obesity levels, worldwide, are resulting in substantial increases in cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease, musculoskeletal disorders, and certain cancers, and obesity-associated illnesses are estimated to cause ∼4 million deaths worldwide per year. A common theme in this disease epidemic is the chronic systemic inflammation that accompanies obesity. CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells residing in visceral adipose tissues (VAT Tregs) are a unique immune cell population that play essential functions in restricting obesity-associated systemic inflammation through regulation of adipose tissue homeostasis. The distinct transcriptional program that defines VAT Tregs has been described, but directly linking VAT Treg differentiation and function to improving insulin sensitivity has proven more complex. Here we review new findings which have clarified how VAT Tregs differentiate, and how distinct VAT Treg subsets regulate VAT homeostasis, energy expenditure, and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen N Fooks
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Y Beppu
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adolfo B Frias
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Louise M D'Cruz
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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13
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Yeregui E, Masip J, Viladés C, Domingo P, Pacheco YM, Blanco J, Mallolas J, Alba V, Vargas M, García-Pardo G, Negredo E, Olona M, Vidal-González J, Peraire M, Martí A, Reverté L, Gómez-Bertomeu F, Leal M, Vidal F, Peraire J, Rull A. Adipokines as New Biomarkers of Immune Recovery: Apelin Receptor, RBP4 and ZAG Are Related to CD4+ T-Cell Reconstitution in PLHIV on Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042202. [PMID: 35216318 PMCID: PMC8874604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) who successfully achieve virological suppression fail to recover CD4+ T-cell counts. Since adipose tissue has been discovered as a key immune organ, this study aimed to assess the role of adipokines in the HIV immunodiscordant response. This is a multicenter prospective study including 221 PLHIV starting the first antiretroviral therapy (ART) and classified according to baseline CD4+ T-cell counts/µL (controls > 200 cells/µL and cases ≤ 200 cells/µL). Immune failure recovery was considered when cases did not reach more than 250 CD4+ T cells/µL at 144 weeks (immunological nonresponders, INR). Circulating adipokine concentrations were longitudinally measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. At baseline, apelin receptor (APLNR) and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) concentrations were significantly lower in INRs than in immunological responders (p = 0.043 and p = 0.034), and they remained lower during all ART follow-up visits (p = 0.044 and p = 0.028 for APLNR, p = 0.038 and p = 0.010 for ZAG, at 48 and 144 weeks, respectively). ZAG levels positively correlated with retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels (p < 0.01), and low circulating RBP4 concentrations were related to a low CD4+ T-cell gain (p = 0.018 and p = 0.039 at 48 and 144 weeks, respectively). Multiple regression adjusted for clinical variables and adipokine concentrations confirmed both low APLNR and RBP4 as independent predictors for CD4+ T cells at 144 weeks (p < 0.001). In conclusion, low APLNR and RBP4 concentrations were associated with poor immune recovery in treated PLHIV and could be considered predictive biomarkers of a discordant immunological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Yeregui
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Jenifer Masip
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Consuelo Viladés
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Pere Domingo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Yolanda M. Pacheco
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- UGC Clinical Laboratories, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Julià Blanco
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Josep Mallolas
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
- HIV Unit and Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Alba
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Montserrat Vargas
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Graciano García-Pardo
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Eugènia Negredo
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
- Fundació de la Lluita contra les Infeccions, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Olona
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | | | - Maria Peraire
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Anna Martí
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Laia Reverté
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Fréderic Gómez-Bertomeu
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Manuel Leal
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Viamed Santa Ángela de la Cruz, 41014 Seville, Spain;
| | - Francesc Vidal
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
- Correspondence: (F.V.); (A.R.)
| | - Joaquim Peraire
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
| | - Anna Rull
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), 43005 Tarragona, Spain; (E.Y.); (J.M.); (C.V.); (V.A.); (M.V.); (G.G.-P.); (M.O.); (A.M.); (L.R.); (F.G.-B.); (J.P.)
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43005 Tarragona, Spain
- Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
- CIBER Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (J.M.); (E.N.)
- Correspondence: (F.V.); (A.R.)
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14
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Murayama MA, Chi HH, Matsuoka M, Ono T, Iwakura Y. The CTRP3-AdipoR2 Axis Regulates the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Suppressing Th17 Cell Differentiation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:607346. [PMID: 34925309 PMCID: PMC8674836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.607346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRP) including CTRP3 are a group of secreted proteins which have a complement C1q-like domain in common, and play versatile roles in lipid metabolism, inflammation, tumor metastasis and bone metabolism. Previously, we showed that the expression of C1qtnf3, encoding CTRP3, is highly augmented in joints of autoimmune arthritis models and CTRP3-deficiency exacerbates collagen-induced arthritis in mice. However, the mechanisms how CTRP3-deficiency exacerbates arthritis still remain to be elucidated. In this study, we showed that CTRP3 was highly expressed in Th17 cell, a key player for the development of autoimmune diseases, and Th17 cell differentiation was augmented in C1qtnf3–/– mice. Th17 cell differentiation, but not Th1 cell differentiation, was suppressed by CTRP3 and this suppression was abolished by the treatment with a receptor antagonist against AdipoR2, but not AdipoR1, associated with suppression of Rorc and Stat3 expression. Furthermore, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 agonist, AdipoRon suppressed Th17 cell differentiation via AdipoR2, but not AdipoR1. The development of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was enhanced in C1qtnf3–/– mice associated with increase of Th17 cell population. CTRP3 inhibited MOG-induced IL-17 production from T cells by affecting both T cells and dendritic cells. These results show that CTRP3 is an endogenous regulator of Th17 differentiation, suggesting that the CTRP3-AdipoR2 axis is a good target for the treatment of Th17 cell-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori A Murayama
- Center for Animal Disease Models, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hsi-Hua Chi
- Center for Animal Disease Models, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mako Matsuoka
- Center for Animal Disease Models, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ono
- Center for Animal Disease Models, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Center for Animal Disease Models, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
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15
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Kathamuthu GR, Moideen K, Sridhar R, Baskaran D, Babu S. Plasma adipocytokines distinguish tuberculous lymphadenitis from pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2021; 132:102161. [PMID: 34891038 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2021.102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Adipocytokines are the major secretory products of adipose tissue and potential markers of metabolism and inflammation. However, their association in host immune response against tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) disease is not known. Thus, we measured the systemic levels of adipocytokines in TBL (n = 44) and compared to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB, n = 44) and healthy control (HC, n = 44) individuals. We also examined the pre and post-treatment adipocytokine levels in TBL individuals upon completion of standard anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT). The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were performed between TBL, PTB and HCs to find the potential discriminatory markers. Finally, principal component (PCA) analysis was performed to reveal the expression patterns of adipocytokines among study groups. Our results demonstrate that TBL is associated with significantly higher systemic levels of adipocytokines (except resistin) when compared with PTB and significantly lower levels when compared with HC (except adiponectin) individuals. Upon completion of ATT, the systemic levels of adiponectin and resistin were significantly decreased when compared to pre-treatment levels. Upon ROC analysis, all the three adipocytokines discriminated TBL from PTB but not with HCs, respectively. Similarly, adipocytokines were differentially clustered in TBL in comparison to PTB in PCA analysis. Therefore, adipocytokines are a distinguishing feature in TBL compared to PTB individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Raj Kathamuthu
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India; National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chennai, India.
| | - Kadar Moideen
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | | | - Dhanaraj Baskaran
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chennai, India
| | - Subash Babu
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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16
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Oh J, Lee Y, Oh SW, Li T, Shin J, Park SH, Lee J. The Role of Adiponectin in the Skin. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 30:221-231. [PMID: 34615771 PMCID: PMC9047493 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2021.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin (Ad), a 30 kDa molecule, is an anti-diabetic adipokine; although derived from adipose tissue, it performs numerous activities in various other tissues. It binds to its own receptors, namely adiponectin receptor 1(AdipoR1), adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2), and T-cadherin (CDH13). Ad plays several roles, especially as a regulator. It modulates lipid and glucose metabolism and promotes insulin sensitivity. This demonstrates that Ad has a robust correlation with fat metabolism. Furthermore, although Ad is not in direct contact with other tissues, including the skin, it can be delivered to them by diffusion or secretion via the endocrine system. Recently it has been reported that Ad can impact skin cell biology, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic biomarker of skin diseases. In the present review, we have discussed the association between skin cell biology and Ad. To elaborate further, we described the involvement of Ad in the biology of various types of cells in the skin, such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, and immune cells. Additionally, we postulated that Ad could be employed as a therapeutic target to maintain skin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Oh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419
| | - Yeongyeong Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419
| | - Sae-Woong Oh
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419
| | - TianTian Li
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419
| | - Jiwon Shin
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419.,Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419
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17
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Adiponectin and Asthma: Knowns, Unknowns and Controversies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168971. [PMID: 34445677 PMCID: PMC8396527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipokine associated with the healthy obese phenotype. Adiponectin increases insulin sensitivity and has cardio and vascular protection actions. Studies related to adiponectin, a modulator of the innate and acquired immunity response, have suggested a role of this molecule in asthma. Studies based on various asthma animal models and on the key cells involved in the allergic response have provided important insights about this relation. Some of them indicated protection and others reversed the balance towards negative effects. Many of them described the cellular pathways activated by adiponectin, which are potentially beneficial for asthma prevention or for reduction in the risk of exacerbations. However, conclusive proofs about their efficiency still need to be provided. In this article, we will, briefly, present the general actions of adiponectin and the epidemiological studies supporting the relation with asthma. The main focus of the current review is on the mechanisms of adiponectin and the impact on the pathobiology of asthma. From this perspective, we will provide arguments for and against the positive influence of this molecule in asthma, also indicating the controversies and sketching out the potential directions of research to complete the picture.
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18
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Ramos-Ramírez P, Malmhäll C, Tliba O, Rådinger M, Bossios A. Adiponectin/AdipoR1 Axis Promotes IL-10 Release by Human Regulatory T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:677550. [PMID: 34084174 PMCID: PMC8167046 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.677550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adiponectin is an important immunomodulatory mediator in inflammatory conditions. While we previously showed that adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) is expressed in murine regulatory T cells (Tregs), its expression in human Tregs remain unknown. Here, we examined the expression of AdipoR1 in human Tregs and whether its ligand, globular adiponectin (gAd) affects the Treg ability to secrete IL-10 and the role of Type 2 (T2) inflammation in such process. Methods Human Tregs from peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry for AdipoR1, Helios and IL-10 expression. CD4+ T cells enriched from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured in the presence or the absence of gAd or the chemical adiponectin receptor agonist, AdipoRon, or in a T2 cytokine milieu. Flow cytometry was then used to assess intracellular IL-10, IL-10 secreting cells, FOXP3 and Helios expression, and phosphorylated p38 MAP kinase (MAPK). IL-10 levels in CD4+ T cell supernatants were quantified by ELISA. Results We found that a subset of human Tregs expressed AdipoR1. Importantly, more Helios- cells expressed AdipoR1 than Helios+ cells. Likewise, there was a higher frequency of IL-10+ cells within Helios- AdipoR1+ Tregs compared to Helios+ AdipoR1+ Tregs. In contrast, the IL-10 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) was higher in Helios+ AdipoR1+ Tregs compared to Helios-AdipoR1+ Tregs. When human CD4+ T cells were treated with gAd or AdipoRon, a significant increase in IL-10 secretion, FOXP3 expression, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation was observed in Helios- AdipoR1+ Tregs. Interestingly, gAd under T2 cytokine milieu significantly increased the intracellular levels of IL-10, mainly in Helios+ AdipoR1+ Tregs, and IL-10 levels in supernatants of CD4+ T cells. Conclusions Collectively, our findings suggest that adiponectin/AdipoR1 axis promotes IL-10 release by Tregs, mainly in Helios- Tregs, and the effect was amplified by T2 inflammation in Helios+ Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Ramos-Ramírez
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carina Malmhäll
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Omar Tliba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY, United States
| | - Madeleine Rådinger
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Apostolos Bossios
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge and Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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The complex role of adipokines in obesity, inflammation, and autoimmunity. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:731-752. [PMID: 33729498 PMCID: PMC7969664 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The global obesity epidemic is a major contributor to chronic disease and disability in the world today. Since the discovery of leptin in 1994, a multitude of studies have characterized the pathological changes that occur within adipose tissue in the obese state. One significant change is the dysregulation of adipokine production. Adipokines are an indispensable link between metabolism and optimal immune system function; however, their dysregulation in obesity contributes to chronic low-grade inflammation and disease pathology. Herein, I will highlight current knowledge on adipokine structure and physiological function, and focus on the known roles of these factors in the modulation of the immune response. I will also discuss adipokines in rheumatic and autoimmune diseases.
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20
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Guzmán-Ruiz MA, Herrera-González A, Jiménez A, Candelas-Juárez A, Quiroga-Lozano C, Castillo-Díaz C, Orta-Salazar E, Organista-Juárez D, Díaz-Cintra S, Guevara-Guzmán R. Protective effects of intracerebroventricular adiponectin against olfactory impairments in an amyloid β 1-42 rat model. BMC Neurosci 2021; 22:14. [PMID: 33653273 PMCID: PMC7927416 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-021-00620-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive impairment that eventually develops into dementia. Amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation is a widely described hallmark in AD, and has been reported to cause olfactory dysfunction, a condition considered an early marker of the disease associated with injuries in the olfactory bulb (OB), the hippocampus (HIPP) and other odor-related cortexes. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine with neuroprotective effects. Studies have demonstrated that APN administration decreases Aβ neurotoxicity and Tau hyperphosphorylation in the HIPP, reducing cognitive impairment. However, there are no studies regarding the neuroprotective effects of APN in the olfactory dysfunction observed in the Aβ rat model. The aim of the present study is to determine whether the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v) administration of APN prevents the early olfactory dysfunction in an i.c.v Amyloid-beta1-42 (Aβ1-42) rat model. Hence, we evaluated olfactory function by using a battery of olfactory tests aimed to assess olfactory memory, discrimination and detection in the Aβ rat model treated with APN. In addition, we determined the number of cells expressing the neuronal nuclei (NeuN), as well as the number of microglial cells by using the ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) marker in the OB and, CA1, CA3, hilus and dentate gyrus (DG) in the HIPP. Finally, we determined Arginase-1 expression in both nuclei through Western blot. RESULTS We observed that the i.c.v injection of Aβ decreased olfactory function, which was prevented by the i.c.v administration of APN. In accordance with the olfactory impairment observed in i.c.v Aβ-treated rats, we observed a decrease in NeuN expressing cells in the glomerular layer of the OB, which was also prevented with the i.c.v APN. Furthermore, we observed an increase of Iba-1 cells in CA1, and DG in the HIPP of the Aβ rats, which was prevented by the APN treatment. CONCLUSION The present study describes the olfactory impairment of Aβ treated rats and evidences the protective role that APN plays in the brain, by preventing the olfactory impairment induced by Aβ1-42. These results may lead to APN-based pharmacological therapies aimed to ameliorate AD neurotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara A Guzmán-Ruiz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Amor Herrera-González
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Jiménez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alan Candelas-Juárez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Crystal Quiroga-Lozano
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Castillo-Díaz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Orta-Salazar
- Departamento de Neurobiología del desarrollo y neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Diana Organista-Juárez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sofía Díaz-Cintra
- Departamento de Neurobiología del desarrollo y neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Rosalinda Guevara-Guzmán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
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21
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Song J, Deng T. The Adipocyte and Adaptive Immunity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:593058. [PMID: 33329579 PMCID: PMC7728694 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.593058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Not only do Adipocytes have energy storage and endocrine functions, but they also play an immunological role. Adipocytes are involved in adaptive immunity to mediate the pathological processes of a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune syndromes. The adaptive immune response consists of T cell-mediated cellular immunity and B cell-mediated humoral immunity. Obese adipocytes overexpress MHC class II molecules and costimulators to act as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and promote the activation of CD4+ T cells. In addition, various adipokines secreted by adipocytes regulate the proliferation and differentiation of T cells. Adipokines are also involved in B cell generation, development, activation, and antibody production. Therefore, adipocytes play an important role in B cell-mediated adaptive immunity. This review describes how adipocytes participate in adaptive immunity from the perspective of T cells and B cells, and discusses their role in the pathogenesis of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tuo Deng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinical Immunology Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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22
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Żelechowska P, Brzezińska-Błaszczyk E, Kusowska A, Kozłowska E. The role of adipokines in the modulation of lymphoid lineage cell development and activity: An overview. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13055. [PMID: 32638520 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adipokines are predominantly known to play a vital role in the control of food intake, energy homeostasis and regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. However, evidence supporting the concept of their extensive involvement in immune system defence mechanisms and inflammatory processes continues to grow. Some of the adipokines, that is, leptin and resistin, have been recognized to exhibit mainly pro-inflammatory properties, whereas others such as visfatin, chemerin, apelin and vaspin have been found to exert regulatory effects. In contrast, adiponectin or omentin are known for their anti-inflammatory activities. Hence, adipokines influence the activity of various cells engaged in innate immune response and inflammatory processes mainly by affecting adhesion molecule expression, chemotaxis, apoptosis and phagocytosis, as well as mediators production and release. However, much less is known about the role of adipokines in processes involving lymphoid lineage cells. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the importance of different adipokines in the lymphopoiesis, recirculation, differentiation and polarization of lymphoid lineage cells. It also provides insight into the influence of selected adipokines on the activity of those cells in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Żelechowska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Brzezińska-Błaszczyk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Elżbieta Kozłowska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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23
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Li W, Geng L, Liu X, Gui W, Qi H. Recombinant adiponectin alleviates abortion in mice by regulating Th17/Treg imbalance via p38MAPK-STAT5 pathway. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:1008-1017. [PMID: 30496353 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion is associated with abnormal maternal tolerance to the semi-allogenic fetus, wherein the Th17/Treg axis plays a crucial role. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipocytokine that is shown to be a novel negative T-cell regulator and induce immune tolerance. The CBA/J × DBA/2 mating was used as an abortion-prone model to investigate whether the addition of recombinant adiponectin (rAPN) improves the pregnancy outcome. Recombinant adiponectin therapy reduced the abortion rate in abortion-prone model. It skewed the ability of serum cytokine production toward a Treg bias and induced APN production. Flow cytometry revealed that rAPN administration expanded the splenic CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cell (Treg) population and reduced the Th17 cell populations in CBA/J × DBA/2 matings. RT-PCR revealed that rAPN administration induced the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA at the maternofetal interface. Recombinant adiponectin administration induced FoxP3 and reduced RORγt expressions at the maternofetal interface. In vitro experiment also showed that rAPN treatment enhanced the FoxP3 mRNA and protein expression and decreased the RORγt expression in splenic lymphocytes of abortion-prone mice. Blocking the different signal transduction pathways downstream of APN, p38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) and STAT5 inhibitor (Pimozide) could abrogate the regulatory effect of rAPN on FoxP3 and RORγt expression, while STAT3 inhibitor (Stattic) and AMPK inhibitor (p5499) did not exert any influence. Thus, the current results demonstrated that rAPN therapy improves pregnancy outcome in a murine model of abortion by expanding the Treg cell population and function and decreasing the Th17 cell population and function via a p38MAPK-STAT5 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lihong Geng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiru Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenwu Gui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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24
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Adiyaman SC, Ozer M, Saydam BO, Akinci B. The Role of Adiponectin in Maintaining Metabolic Homeostasis. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:95-103. [PMID: 31267874 DOI: 10.2174/1573399815666190702155733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived cytokine closely associated with obesity, altered body adipose tissue distribution, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases. INTRODUCTION Evidence from animal and human studies demonstrate that adiponectin plays an important role in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Adiponectin increases insulin sensitivity and improves systemic lipid metabolism. Although research efforts on adiponectin mostly aim towards its endocrine functions, this adipocyte-derived molecule also has profound autocrine and paracrine functions. CONCLUSION In this review, our aim is to discuss the role of adiponectin in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and its association with cardiovascular health. The proper identification of these roles is of great importance, which has the potential to identify a wealth of novel targets for the treatment of diabetes and related cardio-metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammet Ozer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Basak Ozgen Saydam
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Baris Akinci
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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25
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Moideen K, Kumar NP, Nair D, Banurekha VV, Babu S. Altered Systemic Adipokine Levels in Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Changes following Treatment. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 99:875-880. [PMID: 30182920 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is associated with modulation of levels of adipokines, specifically adiponectin and leptin, but the effect of standard antituberculosis treatment (ATT) on the systemic levels of adiponectin, resistin, and leptin has not been well explored. To identify the association of adipokines with PTB and their relationship with disease severity and bacterial burden, we measured the levels of adiponectin, resistin, and leptin in PTB individuals and compared them with latent tuberculosis (LTB) and healthy control (HC) individuals. Pulmonary tuberculosis was characterized by diminished circulating levels of adiponectin and leptin and heightened circulating levels of resistin in comparison to that in LTB and HC individuals. However, PTB with bilateral or cavitary disease did not exhibit any increased systemic levels of these adipokines in comparison with those with unilateral or non-cavitary disease, respectively. In addition, none of the adipokines exhibited a positive correlation with bacterial burdens, but adiponectin alone exhibited a negative correlation with body mass index in PTB individuals. Finally, on successful completion of ATT, PTB individuals exhibited significantly increased levels of adiponectin and leptin and significantly decreased levels of resistin. Therefore, our data identify an important association of systemic adipokine levels with PTB disease and its alteration following ATT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadar Moideen
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.,National Institutes of Health-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | - Nathella Pavan Kumar
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.,National Institutes of Health-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | - Dina Nair
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | | | - Subash Babu
- National Institutes of Health-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India.,Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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26
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Casals C, García-Fojeda B, Minutti CM. Soluble defense collagens: Sweeping up immune threats. Mol Immunol 2019; 112:291-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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27
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Holt MR, Miles JJ, Inder WJ, Thomson RM. Exploring immunomodulation by endocrine changes in Lady Windermere syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 196:28-38. [PMID: 30697704 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung disease due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) occurs with disproportionate frequency in postmenopausal women with a unique phenotype and without clinically apparent predisposing factors. Dubbed 'Lady Windermere syndrome', the phenotype includes low body mass index (BMI), tall stature and higher than normal prevalence of scoliosis, pectus excavatum and mitral valve prolapse. Although the pathomechanism for susceptibility to NTM lung disease in these patients remains uncertain, it is likely to be multi-factorial. A role for the immunomodulatory consequences of oestrogen deficiency and altered adipokine production has been postulated. Altered levels of adipokines and dehydroepiandrosterone have been demonstrated in patients with NTM lung disease. Case reports of NTM lung disease in patients with hypopituitarism support the possibility that altered endocrine function influences disease susceptibility. This paper catalogues the evidence for immunomodulatory consequences of predicted endocrine changes in Lady Windermere syndrome, with emphasis on the immune response to NTM. Collectively, the data warrant further exploration of an endocrine link to disease susceptibility in Lady Windermere syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Holt
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - J J Miles
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - W J Inder
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - R M Thomson
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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28
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Interaction of Breast Cancer and Insulin Resistance on PD1 and TIM3 Expression in Peripheral Blood CD8 T Cells. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 25:1233-1243. [PMID: 30759303 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence points to a link between insulin resistance (IR) and breast cancer (BrCA). Insulin plays a role in CD8+ T cells (CD8T) differentiation and function and affects adipocytokines levels. CD8T activity in BrCA is associated with favorable outcome; while PD1 and TIM3 are markers of CD8T exhaustion and play critical roles in the negative regulation of T cell responses. Patients with (BrCA) have high expression levels of PD1 on circulating. Therefore, we hypothesized that BrCA and IR could affect PD1 and/or TIM3 expression on circulating CD8T. We determine PD1 and TIM3 expression on CD8T and analyze the relationship of CD8T phenotype with serum insulin and plasma adipocytokines levels in the different groups. We enrolled four groups of treatment-naive patients: women without neoplasms (Neo-)/without IR (IR-), Neo-/with IR (IR+), BrCa/IR- and BrCa/IR+. We found interactions between BrCA and IR with respect to TIM3 on naïve and central memory (CM) CD8T subsets. Furthermore, BrCA had a greater PD1 + TIM3- CD8T frequency in CD8T subsets than Neo-. IR+ presented a significantly lower PD1 + TIM3- frequency in CD8T subsets compare to Non-IR. In addition, we found a negative correlation between insulin levels, HOMA and frequency of PD1 + TIM3- in CD8T and a positive correlation between adiponectin levels and the frequency PD1 + TIM3- in CD8T. The increased expression of PD1 on different subsets of CD8T from BrCa patients is consistent with immunological tolerance, whereas IR has a contrary effect. IR could have a deleterious role in the activation of CD8T that can be relevant to new BrCa immunotherapy.
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29
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Integrated Immunomodulatory Mechanisms through which Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Attenuate Obese Adipose Tissue Dysfunction. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9121289. [PMID: 29186929 PMCID: PMC5748740 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global health concern with rising prevalence that increases the risk of developing other chronic diseases. A causal link connecting overnutrition, the development of obesity and obesity-associated co-morbidities is visceral adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, characterized by changes in the cellularity of various immune cell populations, altered production of inflammatory adipokines that sustain a chronic state of low-grade inflammation and, ultimately, dysregulated AT metabolic function. Therefore, dietary intervention strategies aimed to halt the progression of obese AT dysfunction through any of the aforementioned processes represent an important active area of research. In this connection, fish oil-derived dietary long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the form of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been demonstrated to attenuate obese AT dysfunction through multiple mechanisms, ultimately affecting AT immune cellularity and function, adipokine production, and metabolic signaling pathways, all of which will be discussed herein.
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30
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Galgani M, De Rosa V, La Cava A, Matarese G. Role of Metabolism in the Immunobiology of Regulatory T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 197:2567-75. [PMID: 27638939 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular metabolism is central to cell activity and function. CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) that express the transcription factor FOXP3 play a pivotal role in the maintenance of immune tolerance to self. Recent studies showed that the metabolism and function of Tregs are influenced significantly by local environmental conditions and the availability of certain metabolites. It also was reported that defined metabolic programs associate with Treg differentiation, expression of FOXP3, and phenotype stabilization. This article reviews how metabolism modulates FOXP3 expression and Treg function, what environmental factors are involved, and how metabolic manipulation could alter Treg frequency and function in physiopathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Galgani
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica De Rosa
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Naples, Italy; Unità di NeuroImmunologia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio La Cava
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095; and
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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31
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Ruscica M, Baragetti A, Catapano AL, Norata GD. Translating the biology of adipokines in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases: Gaps and open questions. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:379-395. [PMID: 28237179 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM Critically discuss the available data, to identify the current gaps and to provide key concepts that will help clinicians in translating the biology of adipokines in the context of atherosclerosis and cardio-metabolic diseases. DATA SYNTHESIS Adipose tissue is nowadays recognized as an active endocrine organ, a function related to the ability to secrete adipokines (such as leptin and adiponectin) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and resistin). Studies in vitro and in animal models have observed that obesity status presents a chronic low-grade inflammation as the consequence of the immune cells infiltrating the adipose tissue as well as adipocytes. This inflammatory signature is often related to the presence of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and thrombosis. These links are less clear in humans, where the role of adipokines as prognostic marker and/or player in cardiovascular diseases is not as clear as that observed in experimental models. Moreover, plasma adipokine levels might reflect a condition of adipokine-resistance in which adipokine redundancy occurs. The investigation of the cardio-metabolic phenotype of carriers of single nucleotide polymorphisms affecting the levels or function of a specific adipokine might help determine their relevance in humans. Thus, the aim of the present review is to critically discuss the available data, identify the current gaps and provide key concepts that will help clinicians translate the biology of adipokines in the context of atherosclerosis and cardio-metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Baragetti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; SISA Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
| | - A L Catapano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Multimedica Hospital, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - G D Norata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; SISA Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy; School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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32
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33
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Effect of functionalization of polymeric nanoparticles incorporated with whole attenuated rabies virus antigen on sustained release and efficacy. RESOURCE-EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reffit.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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34
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Metabolic control of immune tolerance in health and autoimmunity. Semin Immunol 2016; 28:491-504. [PMID: 27720234 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The filed that links immunity and metabolism is rapidly expanding. The adipose tissue, by secreting a series of immune regulators called adipokines, represents the common mediator linking metabolic processes and immune system functions. The dysregulation of adipokine secretion, occurring in obese individuals or in conditions of malnutrition or dietary restriction, affects the activity of immune cells resulting in inflammatory autoimmune responses or increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. Alterations of cell metabolism that characterize several autoimmune diseases strongly support the idea that the immune tolerance is also regulated by metabolic pathways. The comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying these alterations may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to control immune cell differentiation and function in conditions of autoimmunity.
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35
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Sundara Rajan S, Longhi MP. Dendritic cells and adipose tissue. Immunology 2016; 149:353-361. [PMID: 27479803 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue inflammation in obesity is an established risk factor for metabolic syndrome, which can include insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. With obesity and related metabolic disorders reaching epidemic proportions globally, an understanding of the mechanisms of adipose tissue inflammation is crucial. Within the immune cell cohort, dendritic cells (DC) play a key role in balancing tolerance and immunity. Despite decades of research into the characterization of DC in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs, their role in adipose tissue function is poorly understood. There is now an increasing interest in identification and characterization of DC in adipose tissue and understanding their function in regulating tissue metabolic homeostasis. This review provides an overview of the study of DC in adipose tissue, focusing on possible mechanisms by which DC may contribute to adipose tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sundara Rajan
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Maria Paula Longhi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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36
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Ramos-Ramírez P, Malmhäll C, Johansson K, Lötvall J, Bossios A. Weight Gain Alters Adiponectin Receptor 1 Expression on Adipose Tissue-Resident Helios+ Regulatory T Cells. Scand J Immunol 2016; 83:244-54. [PMID: 26900653 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue produces multiple mediators that modulate the immune response. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived cytokine that exhibits metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects. Adiponectin acts through binding to adiponectin receptor 1 and 2 (AdipoR1/AdipoR2). AdipoR1 is ubiquitously expressed, whereas AdipoR2 is restricted to skeletal muscle and liver. AdipoR1 expression has been reported on a small percentage of T cells; nevertheless, it is still unknown whether Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) express AdipoR1. Recently, it has been shown that Tregs accumulate in adipose tissue and that they play a potential role in modulating adipose tissue inflammation. Our aim was to evaluate AdipoR1 expression in adipose tissue-resident Tregs and to evaluate the effect of weight gain on this expression. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-fat diet for 14 weeks (to develop overweight) or 21 weeks (to develop obesity). Mice on a standard diet were used as age-matched controls. Helios expression was evaluated as a marker to discriminate thymic-derived from peripherally induced Tregs. The majority of Tregs in both adipose tissue and the spleen expressed Helios. Adipose tissue Tregs expressed higher levels of AdipoR1 than Tregs in the spleen. AdipoR1 expression on adipose tissue Helios(+) Tregs was negatively correlated with epididymal fat. Overall, we show that AdipoR1 is expressed on adipose tissue-resident Tregs, mainly Helios(+) Tregs, and that this expression is dependent on weight and fat accumulation. Because both adiponectin and Tregs play roles in anti-inflammatory mechanisms, our data propose a new mechanism through which weight gain might alter immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ramos-Ramírez
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Malmhäll
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Johansson
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Lötvall
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Bossios
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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37
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Zhang K, Guo Y, Ge Z, Zhang Z, Da Y, Li W, Zhang Z, Xue Z, Li Y, Ren Y, Jia L, Chan KH, Yang F, Yan J, Yao Z, Xu A, Zhang R. Adiponectin Suppresses T Helper 17 Cell Differentiation and Limits Autoimmune CNS Inflammation via the SIRT1/PPARγ/RORγt Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4908-4920. [PMID: 27514756 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0036-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T helper 17 (Th17) cells are vital components of the adaptive immune system involved in the pathogenesis of most autoimmune and inflammatory syndromes, and adiponectin(ADN) is correlated with inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and type II diabetes. However, the regulatory effects of adiponectin on pathogenic Th17 cell and Th17-mediated autoimmune central nervous system (CNS) inflammation are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrated that ADN could inhibit Th1 and Th17 but not Th2 cells differentiation in vitro. In the in vivo study, we demonstrated that ADN deficiency promoted CNS inflammation and demyelination and exacerbated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of human MS. Furthermore, ADN deficiency increased the Th1 and Th17 cell cytokines of both the peripheral immune system and CNS in mice suffering from EAE. It is worth mentioning that ADN deficiency predominantly promoted the antigen-specific Th17 cells response in autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In addition, in vitro and in vivo, ADN upregulated sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and inhibited retinoid-related orphan receptor-γt (RORγt); the key transcription factor during Th17 cell differentiation. These results systematically uncovered the role and mechanism of adiponectin on pathogenic Th17 cells and suggested that adiponectin could inhibit Th17 cell-mediated autoimmune CNS inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yawei Guo
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenzhen Ge
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yurong Da
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zimu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zhenyi Xue
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yinghui Ren
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Long Jia
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Koon-Ho Chan
- State Key laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, and Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fengrui Yang
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Tianjin Animal Science and Veterinary Research Institute, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, and Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China. .,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Metabolic Diseases Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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Why are kids with lupus at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease? Pediatr Nephrol 2016; 31:861-83. [PMID: 26399239 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-015-3202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an aggressive multisystem autoimmune disease. Despite improvements in outcomes for adult patients, children with SLE continue to have a lower life expectancy than adults with SLE, with more aggressive disease, a higher incidence of lupus nephritis and there is an emerging awareness of their increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we discuss the evidence for an increased risk of CVD in SLE, its pathogenesis, and the clinical approach to its management.
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Luo Y, Liu M. Adiponectin: a versatile player of innate immunity. J Mol Cell Biol 2016; 8:120-8. [PMID: 26993045 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjw012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin acts as a key regulator of the innate immune system and plays a major role in the progression of inflammation and metabolic disorders. Macrophages and monocytes are representative components of the innate immune system, and their proliferation, plasticity, and polarization are a key component of metabolic adaption. Innate-like lymphocytes such as group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), natural killer T (NKT) cells, and gamma delta T (γδ T) cells are also members of the innate immune system and play important roles in the development of obesity and its related diseases. Adiponectin senses metabolic stress and modulates metabolic adaption by targeting the innate immune system under physiological and pathological conditions. Defining the mechanisms underlying the role of adiponectin in regulating innate immunity is crucial to adiponectin-based therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Meilian Liu
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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40
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Shi J, Luo F, Shi Q, Xu X, He X, Xia Y. Increased circulating follicular helper T cells with decreased programmed death-1 in chronic renal allograft rejection. BMC Nephrol 2015; 16:182. [PMID: 26525294 PMCID: PMC4630917 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-015-0172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic antibody-mediated rejection is a major issue that affects long-term renal allograft survival. Since follicular helper T (Tfh) cells promote the development of antigen-specific B cells in alloimmune responses, we investigated the potential roles of Tfh cells, B cells and their alloimmune-regulating molecules in the pathogenesis of chronic renal allograft rejection in this study. METHODS The frequency of Tfh, B cells and the levels of their alloimmune-regulating molecules including chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5), inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS), programmed death-1 (PD-1), ICOSL, PDL-1 and interleukin-21 (IL-21), of peripheral blood were comparatively measured in 42 primary renal allograft recipients within 1-3 years after transplantation. Among them, 24 patients had definite chronic rejection, while other 18 patients had normal renal function. RESULTS Tfh-cell ratio was significantly increased with PD-1 down-regulation in the patients with chronic renal allograft rejection, while B cells and the alloimmune-regulating molecules studied did not show any appreciable change in parallel. CONCLUSIONS The patients with chronic renal allograft rejection have a characteristic increase in circulating Tfh cells with a decrease in PD-1 expression. These pathological changes may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic renal allograft rejection and can be useful as a clinical index for monitoring conditions of renal transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shi
- Third Clinical College of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fengbao Luo
- Third Clinical College of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qianqian Shi
- Third Clinical College of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xianlin Xu
- Third Clinical College of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Third Clinical College of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ying Xia
- The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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41
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Katira A, Tan PH. Adiponectin and its receptor signaling: an anti-cancer therapeutic target and its implications for anti-tumor immunity. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1105-25. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1035710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that both the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the proportion of people with obesity and/or obesity-associated metabolic syndrome increased markedly in developed countries during the past half century. Obesity is also associated with the development of more active IBD and requirement for hospitalization and with a decrease in the time span between diagnosis and surgery. Patients with IBD, especially Crohn's disease, present fat-wrapping or "creeping fat," which corresponds to ectopic adipose tissue extending from the mesenteric attachment and covering the majority of the small and large intestinal surface. Mesenteric adipose tissue in patients with IBD presents several morphological and functional alterations, e.g., it is more infiltrated with immune cells such as macrophages and T cells. All these lines of evidence clearly show an association between obesity, adipose tissue, and functional bowel disorders. In this review, we will show that the mesenteric adipose tissue and creeping fat are not innocent by standers but actively contribute to the intestinal and systemic inflammatory responses in patients with IBD. More specifically, we will review evidence showing that adipose tissue in IBD is associated with major alterations in the secretion of cytokines and adipokines involved in inflammatory process, in adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells and adipogenesis, and in the interaction between adipose tissue and other intestinal components (immune, lymphatic, neuroendocrine, and intestinal epithelial systems). Collectively, these studies underline the importance of adipose tissue for the identification of novel therapeutic approaches for IBD.
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Tan PH, Tyrrell HEJ, Gao L, Xu D, Quan J, Gill D, Rai L, Ding Y, Plant G, Chen Y, Xue JZ, Handa AI, Greenall MJ, Walsh K, Xue SA. Adiponectin receptor signaling on dendritic cells blunts antitumor immunity. Cancer Res 2014; 74:5711-22. [PMID: 25261236 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-1397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immune escape is a fundamental trait of cancer. Dendritic cells (DC) that interact with T cells represent a crucial site for the development of tolerance to tumor antigens, but there remains incomplete knowledge about how DC-tolerizing signals evolve during tumorigenesis. In this study, we show that DCs isolated from patients with metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer express high levels of the adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, which are sufficient to blunt antitumor immunity. Mechanistic investigations of ligand-receptor interactions on DCs revealed novel signaling pathways for each receptor. AdipoR1 stimulated IL10 production by activating the AMPK and MAPKp38 pathways, whereas AdipoR2 modified inflammatory processes by activating the COX-2 and PPARγ pathways. Stimulation of these pathways was sufficient to block activation of NF-κB in DC, thereby attenuating their ability to stimulate antigen-specific T-cell responses. Together, our findings reveal novel insights into how DC-tolerizing signals evolve in cancer to promote immune escape. Furthermore, by defining a critical role for adiponectin signaling in this process, our work suggests new and broadly applicable strategies for immunometabolic therapy in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng H Tan
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Xi'An University, Xian, P.R. China. Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom. Oxford Breast Unit, Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals NHS Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Helen E J Tyrrell
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liquan Gao
- Department of Immunology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Danmei Xu
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Tongji Hospital, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jianchao Quan
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dipender Gill
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lena Rai
- Department of Haematology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yunchuan Ding
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Tongji Hospital, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Gareth Plant
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Immunology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Z Xue
- Laboratory of Chromosome and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Ashok I Handa
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Greenall
- Oxford Breast Unit, Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals NHS Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shao-An Xue
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Xi'An University, Xian, P.R. China. Department of Immunology, University College London Medical School, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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Pettengill MA, van Haren SD, Levy O. Soluble mediators regulating immunity in early life. Front Immunol 2014; 5:457. [PMID: 25309541 PMCID: PMC4173950 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble factors in blood plasma have a substantial impact on both the innate and adaptive immune responses. The complement system, antibodies, and anti-microbial proteins and peptides can directly interact with potential pathogens, protecting against systemic infection. Levels of these innate effector proteins are generally lower in neonatal circulation at term delivery than in adults, and lower still at preterm delivery. The extracellular environment also has a critical influence on immune cell maturation, activation, and effector functions, and many of the factors in plasma, including hormones, vitamins, and purines, have been shown to influence these processes for leukocytes of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. The ontogeny of plasma factors can be viewed in the context of a lower effectiveness of immune responses to infection and immunization in early life, which may be influenced by the striking neonatal deficiency of complement system proteins or enhanced neonatal production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, among other ontogenic differences. Accordingly, we survey here a number of soluble mediators in plasma for which age-dependent differences in abundance may influence the ontogeny of immune function, particularly direct innate interaction and skewing of adaptive lymphocyte activity in response to infectious microorganisms and adjuvanted vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Aaron Pettengill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, MA , USA ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Simon Daniël van Haren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, MA , USA ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
| | - Ofer Levy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, MA , USA ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA
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Cipolletta D. Adipose tissue-resident regulatory T cells: phenotypic specialization, functions and therapeutic potential. Immunology 2014; 142:517-25. [PMID: 24484282 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxp3(+) CD4(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells, recognized to be one of the most important defences of the human body against an inappropriate immune response, have recently gained attention from those outside immunology thanks to the compelling evidence for their capability to exert non-canonical immune functions in a variety of tissues in health and disease. The recent discovery of the differences between tissue-resident Treg cells and those derived from lymphoid organs is affecting the mindset of many investigators now questioning the broad applicability of observations originally based on peripheral blood/lymphoid organ cells. So far, the best characterized 'Treg flavour' comes from studies focused on their role in suppressing adipose tissue inflammation and obesity-driven insulin resistance. Adipose tissue derived Treg cells are distinct from their counterparts in lymphoid organs based on their transcriptional profile, T-cell receptor repertoire, and cytokine and chemokine receptor expression pattern. These cells are abundant in visceral adipose tissue of lean mice but their number is greatly reduced in insulin-resistant animal models of obesity. Interestingly, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ expression by visceral adipose tissue Treg cells is crucial for their accumulation, phenotype and function in the fat and surprisingly necessary for complete restoration of insulin sensitivity in obese mice by the anti-diabetic drug Pioglitazone. This review surveys recent findings relating to the unique phenotype and function of adipose tissue-resident Treg cells, speculates on the nature of their dynamics in lean and obese mouse models, and analyses their potential therapeutic application in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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46
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Hopp AK, Rupp A, Lukacs-Kornek V. Self-antigen presentation by dendritic cells in autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2014; 5:55. [PMID: 24592266 PMCID: PMC3923158 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The operation of both central and peripheral tolerance ensures the prevention of autoimmune diseases. The maintenance of peripheral tolerance requires self-antigen presentation by professional antigen presenting cells (APCs). Dendritic cells (DCs) are considered as major APCs involved in this process. The current review discusses the role of DCs in autoimmune diseases, the various factors involved in the induction and maintenance of tolerogenic DC phenotype, and pinpoints their therapeutic capacity as well as potential novel targets for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Katrin Hopp
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center , Homburg , Germany
| | - Anne Rupp
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center , Homburg , Germany
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Gati A, Kouidhi S, Marrakchi R, El Gaaied A, Kourda N, Derouiche A, Chebil M, Caignard A, Perier A. Obesity and renal cancer: Role of adipokines in the tumor-immune system conflict. Oncoimmunology 2014; 3:e27810. [PMID: 24804162 PMCID: PMC4010540 DOI: 10.4161/onci.27810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies link obesity, as measured by increased body mass index (BMI) to the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) as well as to the cancer-related mortality of RCC patients. RCC is the third cancer most robustly associated with increased BMI. Understanding the role of the adipose tissue in renal carcinogenesis is therefore of major importance for the development of novel paradigms of RCC prevention and treatment. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the impact of obesity on the development and progression of RCC as well as the role of adipose tissue-derived hormones (adipokines) in the conflict between growing tumors and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Gati
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Kouidhi
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Raja Marrakchi
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel El Gaaied
- Laboratoire de Génétique; Immunologie et Pathologies Humaines; Département de Biologie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis; Campus Universitaire; Université Tunis-el Manar; El Manar-Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Kourda
- Service d'histopathologie; Hôpital Charles Nicolle; Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Mohamed Chebil
- Service d'Urologie; Hôpital Charles Nicolle; Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anne Caignard
- Institut Cochin; INSERM U1016; CNRS UMR 8104; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Perier
- Institut Cochin; INSERM U1016; CNRS UMR 8104; Université Paris Descartes; Paris, France
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48
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Adipose tissue in obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance: cells, cytokines, and chemokines. ISRN INFLAMMATION 2013; 2013:139239. [PMID: 24455420 PMCID: PMC3881510 DOI: 10.1155/2013/139239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 665] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a complex organ that comprises a wide range of cell types with diverse energy storage, metabolic regulation, and neuroendocrine and immune functions. Because it contains various immune cells, either adaptive (B and T lymphocytes; such as regulatory T cells) or innate (mostly macrophages and, more recently identified, myeloid-derived suppressor cells), the adipose tissue is now considered as a bona fide immune organ, at the cross-road between metabolism and immunity. Adipose tissue disorders, such as those encountered in obesity and lipodystrophy, cause alterations to adipose tissue distribution and function with broad effects on cytokine, chemokine, and hormone expression, on lipid storage, and on the composition of adipose-resident immune cell populations. The resulting changes appear to induce profound consequences for basal systemic inflammation and insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the current literature on adipose cell composition remodeling in obesity, which shows how adipose-resident immune cells regulate inflammation and insulin resistance—notably through cytokine and chemokine secretion—and highlights major research questions in the field.
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Aprahamian TR. Elevated adiponectin expression promotes adipose tissue vascularity under conditions of diet-induced obesity. Metabolism 2013; 62:1730-8. [PMID: 23993424 PMCID: PMC3834157 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the clinical prevalence of obesity, only recently has the importance of adipose tissue microenvironment been addressed at a molecular level. Here, I focused on the fat-derived cytokine adiponectin as a model system to understand the mechanism underlying adipose tissue vascularity, perfusion, inflammation, and systemic metabolic function. MATERIALS/METHODS Wild type, adiponectin-deficient, and adiponectin transgenic-overexpressing mice were maintained on chow diet or high fat/high sucrose diet for 32weeks. Vascularization of adipose tissue was examined by confocal microscopy and perfusion was determined by recovery of injected microspheres. Adipose tissue inflammation and systemic metabolic function were also assessed. RESULTS Modest over-expression of adiponectin led to a marked increase in adipose tissue vascularity and perfusion, and this was associated with diminished hypoxia and an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expression in the obese mice. Adiponectin over-expression in diet-induced obese mice also led to the virtual absence of macrophage infiltration and the elimination of crown-like structures. Adiponectin transgenic mice also displayed a remarkable sensitivity to insulin and diminished hepatic steatosis. Under the conditions of these experiments, adiponectin deficiency did not diminish adipose tissue perfusion or worsen metabolic function compared to wild type mice fed the high fat/high sucrose diet. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that increased circulating adiponectin levels, and the obese environment, are associated with increased adipose tissue vascularization and perfusion, and improved metabolic function under conditions of long term diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar R Aprahamian
- Department of Medicine-Renal Section, Boston University School of Medicine, 650 Albany Street, X536, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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50
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Procaccini C, De Rosa V, Galgani M, Carbone F, La Rocca C, Formisano L, Matarese G. Role of adipokines signaling in the modulation of T cells function. Front Immunol 2013; 4:332. [PMID: 24151494 PMCID: PMC3799205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The field that links immunity and metabolism is rapidly expanding. Apparently non-immunological disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes have been linked to immune dysregulation, suggesting that metabolic alterations can be induced by or be consequence of an altered self-immune tolerance. In this context, adipose tissue produces and releases a variety of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, termed "adipokines," which can be considered as the bridge between obesity-related exogenous factors, such as nutrition and lifestyle, and the molecular events leading to metabolic syndrome, inflammatory, and/or autoimmune conditions. In obesity, increased production of most adipokines impacts on multiple functions such as appetite and energy balance, modulation of immune responses, insulin sensitivity, angiogenesis, blood pressure, lipid metabolism, and so on. This report aims to discuss some of the recent topics of adipocytokine research and their related signaling pathways, that may be of particular importance as could lead to effective therapeutic strategies for obesity-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Procaccini
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Veronica De Rosa
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli, Italy
- Unità di Neuroimmunologia, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Roma, Italy
| | - Mario Galgani
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Fortunata Carbone
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudia La Rocca
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IEOS-CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Formisano
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
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