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Su C, Wang J, Luo H, Chen J, Lin F, Mo J, Xiong F, Zha L. Gut Microbiota Plays Essential Roles in Soyasaponin's Preventive Bioactivities against Steatohepatitis in the Methionine and Choline Deficient (MCD) Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300561. [PMID: 38234006 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Gut microbiota (GM) is involved in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development. Phytochemicals soyasaponins can prevent NASH possibly by modulating GM. This study aims to investigate the preventive bioactivities of soyasaponin monomers (SS-A1 and SS-Bb) against NASH and explores the mechanisms by targeting GM. METHODS AND RESULTS Male C57BL/6 mice are fed with methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet containing SS-A1 , SS-Bb, or not for 16 weeks. Antibiotics-treated pseudo germ-free (PGF) mice are fed with MCD diet containing SS-A1 , SS-Bb, or not for 8 weeks. GM is determined by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Bile acids (BAs) are measured by UPLC-MS/MS. In NASH mice, SS-A1 and SS-Bb alleviate steatohepatitis and fibrosis, reduce ALT, AST, and LPS in serum, decrease TNF-α, IL-6, α-SMA, triglycerides, and cholesterol in liver. SS-A1 and SS-Bb decrease Firmicutes, Erysipelotrichaceae, unidentified-Clostridiales, Eggerthellaceae, Atopobiaceae, Aerococcus, Jeotgalicoccus, Gemella, Rikenella, increase Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Akkermansiaceae, Romboutsia, and Roseburia. SS-A1 and SS-Bb alter BAs composition in liver, serum, and feces, activate farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in liver and ileum, increase occludin and ZO-1 in intestine. However, GM clearance abrogates the preventive bioactivities of SS-A1 and SS-Bb against NASH. CONCLUSION GM plays essential roles in soyasaponin's preventive bioactivities against steatohepatitis in MCD diet-induced NASH mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuhong Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jiexian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Huiyu Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Junbin Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Fengjuan Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Mo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, P. R. China
| | - Longying Zha
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China
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Ji W, Zhang X, Sang C, Wang H, Zhou K, Zhang Y, Bo L. Punicalin attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting inflammatory cytokine production and MAPK/NF-κB signaling in mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15434. [PMID: 37101633 PMCID: PMC10123264 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute lung injury (ALI) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Novel therapies interfering with the inflammatory response has been an area of focus for infectious disease treatment. Punicalin has shown strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties; however, its effect in ALI has not been previously explored. Purpose To investigate the effects of punicalin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods LPS (10 mg/kg) was administered intratracheally to create the ALI model in mice. Punicalin (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally shortly after LPS to investigate survival rate, lung tissue pathological injury, oxidative stress, levels of inflammatory cytokines in BALF and lung tissue, neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and its effects on NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. In vitro studies were performed to evaluate the inflammatory cytokine release and NET formation in LPS-induced (1 μg/ml) and punicalin-treated mouse neutrophils derived from the bone marrow. Results In vivo, punicalin reduced mortality, lung injury score, lung wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio, protein concentrations in BALF and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in lung tissues, and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in lung tissues of LPS-induced ALI mice. Increased secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the BALF and the lungs of ALI mice was reversed by punicalin, whereas IL-10 was upregulated. Neutrophil recruitment and NET formation were also decreased by punicalin. Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways was observed in punicalin-treated ALI mice. In vitro co-incubation with punicalin (50 μg/ml) inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines and NET formation in LPS-treated neutrophils derived from mouse bone marrow. Conclusion Punicalin reduces inflammatory cytokine production, prevents neutrophil recruitment and NET formation, and inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Ji
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chao Sang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Huixian Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Keqian Zhou
- College of Basic Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Lulong Bo
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Corresponding author.
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Abstract
Legumes are a staple of diets all around the world. In some least developed countries, they are the primary source of protein; however, their beneficial properties go beyond their nutritional value. Recent research has shown that legumes have bioactive compounds like peptides, polyphenols and saponins, which exhibit antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory and other biological activities. Thus, these compounds could be an alternative treatment for inflammatory diseases, in particular, chronic inflammation such as arthritis, obesity and cancer. Nowadays, there is a growing interest in alternative therapies derived from natural products; accordingly, the present review has compiled the bioactive compounds found in legumes that have demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect in non-clinical studies.
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Liu S, Grierson D, Xi W. Biosynthesis, distribution, nutritional and organoleptic properties of bitter compounds in fruit and vegetables. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1934-1953. [PMID: 36099178 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2119930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Compounds that confer a bitter taste on fruits and vegetables (FAVs) play crucial roles in both plant defense and health promotion. This review details the current knowledge of the distribution, properties (toxicity, pharmacological effects and receptors) and environmental plant responses relating to the biosynthesis, catabolism and transcriptional regulation of 53 bitter plant metabolites in diverse species of FAVs. Some bitter compounds, such as flavonoids, are common in all plant species and make a minor contribution to bitter flavor, but many are synthesized only in specific taxa. They make major contributions to the bitter taste of the corresponding species and some also have significant pharmacological effects. Levels of bitter metabolites are genetically determined, but various environmental cues can affect their final concentration during preharvest development and postharvest storage processes. Molecular approaches are helping to unravel the mechanisms of biosynthesis and regulation of bitter compounds in diverse crop species. This review not only discusses the theoretical basis for utilizing breeding programs and other agricultural technologies to produce FAVs with improved safety, favorable taste and healthier profiles, but also suggests new directions for the utilization of bitter compounds in FAVs for the development of natural pesticides and health-promoting medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Donald Grierson
- Plant & Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK
| | - Wanpeng Xi
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Chongqing, China
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Shokry AA, El-Shiekh RA, Kamel G, Bakr AF, Ramadan A. Bioactive phenolics fraction of Hedera helix L. (Common Ivy Leaf) standardized extract ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury in the mouse model through the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09477. [PMID: 35647334 PMCID: PMC9130539 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedera helix L. (family Araliaceae) is classified as a conventional plant used as a medicinal product in the cure and prevention of upper respiratory tract inflammation and infection due to its secretolytic and broncholytic effects. Our research was conducted to authenticate the anti-inflammatory effect of ivy leaves extract in the prevention of acute lung injury (ALI) caused by intranasal administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). In-vitro antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant were evaluated, in addition to the in-vivo acute lung inflammation model induced by LPS in mice. The animals were divided into seven groups randomly (each group containing 10 mice): control negative (saline only), control positive (LPS group), standard (Dexamethasone 2 mg/kg), ethanolic ivy leaves extract (EIE, 100 mg/kg), ethanolic ivy leaves extract (EIE, 200 mg/kg), saponin rich fraction (SRF, 100 mg/kg) and phenolic rich fraction (PRF, 100 mg/kg). Right lungs were homogenized to determine the levels of SOD, MDA, catalase, IL-10, TNF-α, NO, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2, and MPO. Left lungs were excised for histopathology and histomorphometry. Immunohistochemistry of Cox-2 and TNF-α levels were measured. Additionally, Western blotting was used to determine the levels of phosphorylated MAPK. Also, the ethanolic extract was also standardized through HPLC analysis for its content of rutin.The data showed that the oral supplementation with EIE, 200 mg/kg significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the pro-inflammatory mediators, and oxidative stress biomarkers induced by LPS. Interestingly, the phenolics showed promising activity, therefore they are responsible for the action. In conclusion, the standardized ivy leaf extract could be advised for acute lung injury for its antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Ivy leaf is a traditional perennial edible herb used as an anti-inflammatory agent for respiratory disorders. The plant significantly reduced the serum oxidative stress biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines in the in-vivo acute lung inflammation model induced by LPS. Also, it had antimicrobial activity. Phenolics not saponins are responsible for the activity of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya A. Shokry
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Riham A. El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Gehan Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa F. Bakr
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amer Ramadan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
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Li P, Gao M, Fu J, Yan S, Liu Y, Mahmood T, Lv Z, Guo Y. Dietary soya saponin improves the lipid metabolism and intestinal health of laying hens. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101663. [PMID: 35172236 PMCID: PMC8851251 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Soya saponin (SS) is a natural active substance of leguminous plant, which could improve lipid metabolism and regulate immune function. Intestinal flora might play a key role in the biological functions of SS. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of dietary SS on immune function, lipid metabolism, and intestinal flora of laying hens with or without antibiotic treated. The experiment was designed as a factorial arrangement of 3 dietary SS treatments × 2 antibiotic treatments. Birds were fed a basal diet (CON) or a low-SS diet (50 SS) containing 50 mg/kg SS, or a high-SS diet (500 SS) containing 500 mg/kg SS. Birds were cofed with or without antibiotics. The growth experiment lasted for 10 wk. Results showed that birds fed the 50 mg/kg SS diet tended to have lower abdominal fat rate. The gene expression of liver X receptor-α (LxR-α) in liver and serum total cholesterol (TC) were dropped, and the gene expression of acyl-CoA thioesterase 8 (ACOT8) in liver were upregulated. Compared with CON group, the levels of lysozyme, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) in the serum were elevated as along with gene expression of IL-10, TGF-β, and LYZ in ileum of both 50 and 500 SS group. However, the level of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and Mucin-2 in the ileum were downregulated in the 500 SS group. Additionally, Lactobacillus and Lactobacillus gasseri were the dominant bacteria in the 50 SS group, whereas the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was dropped in the 500 SS group. With combined antibiotics treatment, the α-diversity of bacteria was reduced, and the biological effects of SS were eliminated. In conclusion, the lipid metabolism, immune function, and intestinal flora of the laying hens were improved with the dietary supplementation of 50 mg/kg SS. But dietary 500 mg/kg SS had negative effects on laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingkun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiahuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaojia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tahir Mahmood
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
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Moreno-García KL, Antunes-Ricardo M, Martínez-Ávila M, Milán-Carrillo J, Guajardo-Flores D. Evaluation of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antihyperglycemic activities of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by-product extracts obtained by supercritical CO2. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yates PS, Roberson J, Ramsue LK, Song BH. Bridging the Gaps between Plant and Human Health: A Systematic Review of Soyasaponins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14387-14401. [PMID: 34843230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Saponins, prominent secondary plant metabolites, are recognized for their roles in plant defense and medicinal benefits. Soyasaponins, commonly derived from legumes, are a class of triterpenoid saponins that demonstrate significant potential for plant and human health applications. Previous research and reviews largely emphasize human health effects of soyasaponins. However, the biological effects of soyasaponins and their implications for plants in the context of human health have not been well-discussed. This review provides comprehensive discussions on the biological roles of soyasaponins in plant defense and rhizosphere microbial interactions; biosynthetic regulation and compound production; immunological effects and potential for therapeutics; and soyasaponin acquisition attributed to processing effects, bioavailability, and biotransformation processes based on recent soyasaponin research. Given the multifaceted biological effects elicited by soyasaponins, further research warrants an integrated approach to understand molecular mechanisms of regulations in their production as well as their applications in plant and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping S Yates
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28262, United States
| | - Julia Roberson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28262, United States
| | - Lyric K Ramsue
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28262, United States
| | - Bao-Hua Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina 28262, United States
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Dietary Soy Saponin Improves Antioxidant and Immune Function of Layer Hens. J Poult Sci 2021; 59:197-205. [PMID: 35989694 PMCID: PMC9346601 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0210073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Majnooni MB, Fakhri S, Shokoohinia Y, Kiyani N, Stage K, Mohammadi P, Gravandi MM, Farzaei MH, Echeverría J. Phytochemicals: Potential Therapeutic Interventions Against Coronavirus-Associated Lung Injury. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:588467. [PMID: 33658931 PMCID: PMC7919380 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.588467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019, millions of people have been infected and died worldwide. However, no drug has been approved for the treatment of this disease and its complications, which urges the need for finding novel therapeutic agents to combat. Among the complications due to COVID-19, lung injury has attained special attention. Besides, phytochemicals have shown prominent anti-inflammatory effects and thus possess significant effects in reducing lung injury caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Also, the prevailing evidence reveales the antiviral effects of those phytochemicals, including anti-SARS-CoV activity, which could pave the road in providing suitable lead compounds in the treatment of COVID-19. In the present study, candidate phytochemicals and related mechanisms of action have been shown in the treatment/protection of lung injuries induced by various methods. In terms of pharmacological mechanism, phytochemicals have shown potential inhibitory effects on inflammatory and oxidative pathways/mediators, involved in the pathogenesis of lung injury during COVID-19 infection. Also, a brief overview of phytochemicals with anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds has been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yalda Shokoohinia
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Ric Scalzo Botanical Research Institute, Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Narges Kiyani
- Ric Scalzo Botanical Research Institute, Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Katrina Stage
- Ric Scalzo Botanical Research Institute, Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Pantea Mohammadi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento De Ciencias Del Ambiente, Facultad De Química y Biología, Universidad De Santiago De Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Germinated Soybean Embryo Extract Ameliorates Fatty Liver Injury in High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110380. [PMID: 33187321 PMCID: PMC7696473 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean is known to have diverse beneficial effects against human diseases, including obesity and its related metabolic disorders. Germinated soybean embryos are enriched with bioactive phytochemicals and known to inhibit diet-induced obesity in mice, but their effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unknown. Here, we germinated soybean embryos for 24 h, and their ethanolic extract (GSEE, 15 and 45 mg/kg) was administered daily to mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. HFD significantly increased the weight of the body, liver and adipose tissue, as well as serum lipid markers, but soyasaponin Ab-rich GSEE alleviated these changes. Hepatic injury and triglyceride accumulation in HFD-fed mice were attenuated by GSEE via decreased lipid synthesis (SREBP1c) and increased fatty acid oxidation (p-AMPKα, PPARα, PGC1α, and ACOX) and lipid export (MTTP and ApoB). HFD-induced inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, CD14, F4/80, iNOS, and COX2) was normalized by GSEE in mice livers. In adipose tissue, GSEE downregulated white adipose tissue (WAT) differentiation and lipogenesis (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and FAS) and induced browning genes (PGC1α, PRDM16, CIDEA, and UCP1), which could also beneficially affect the liver via lowering adipose tissue-related circulating lipid levels. Thus, our results suggest that GSEE can prevent HFD-induced NAFLD via inhibition of hepatic inflammation and restoration of lipid metabolisms in both liver and adipose tissue.
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Chen J, Ullah H, Zheng Z, Gu X, Su C, Xiao L, Wu X, Xiong F, Li Q, Zha L. Soyasaponins reduce inflammation by downregulating MyD88 expression and suppressing the recruitments of TLR4 and MyD88 into lipid rafts. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:167. [PMID: 32493316 PMCID: PMC7268359 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2864-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies indicate that soyasaponins may reduce inflammation via modulating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling. However, its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. Methods Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged inflamed male ICR mice were intervened by intragastrical administration with 10 and 20 μmol/kg·BW of soyasaponin A1, A2 or I for 8 weeks. The serum inflammatory markers were determined by commercial kits and the expression of molecules in TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in liver by real-time PCR and western blotting. The recruitments of TLR4 and MyD88 into lipid rafts of live tissue lysates were detected by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation and western blotting. LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L of soyasaponin A1, A2 or I for 2 h. MyD88-overexpressed HEK293T cells were treated with 20 and 40 μmol/L of soyasaponins (A1, A2 or I) or 20 μmol/L of ST2825 (a MyD88 inhibitor) for 6 h. The expression of molecules in TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway were determined by western blotting. Data were analyzed by using one way analysis of variance or t-test by SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Results Soyasaponins A1, A2 or I significantly reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-6 and nitric oxide (NO) in serum (p < 0.05), and decreased the mRNA levels of TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (p < 0.05), the protein levels of myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2), TLR4, MyD88, toll-interleukin1 receptor domain containing adaptor protein (TIRAP), phosphorylated interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (p-IRAK-4), phosphorylated interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (p-IRAK-1) and TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) (p < 0.05), and the recruitments of TLR4 and MyD88 into lipid rafts in liver (p < 0.05). In LPS-stimulated macrophages, soyasaponins A2 or I significantly decreased MyD88 (p < 0.05), soyasaponins A1, A2 or I reduced p-IRAK-4 and p-IRAK-1 (p < 0.05), and soyasaponin I decreased TRAF6 (p < 0.05). In MyD88-overexpressed HEK293T cells, soyasaponins (A1, A2 or I) and ST2825 significantly decreased MyD88 and TRAF6 (p < 0.05). Conclusion Soyasaponins can reduce inflammation by downregulating MyD88 expression and suppressing the recruitments of TLR4 and MyD88 into lipid rafts. This study provides novel understanding about the anti-inflammatory mechanism of soyasaponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbin Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Hidayat Ullah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongdaixi Zheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfu Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuhong Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyu Xiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinglong Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Dietetics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Longying Zha
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, No.1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
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Fei YX, Zhao B, Yin QY, Qiu YY, Ren GH, Wang BW, Wang YF, Fang WR, Li YM. Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction Attenuates PM2.5 Induced Lung Injury via Inhibiting HMGB1/TLR4/NFκB Signal Pathway in Rat. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1361. [PMID: 31798456 PMCID: PMC6868102 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction (MXD), a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is widely used for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. However, the effect of MXD against particulate matters with diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) induced lung injury remains to be elucidated. In this study, rats were stimulated with PM2.5 to induce lung injury. MXD was given orally once daily for five days. Lung tissues were harvested to assess pathological changes and edema. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malonaldehyde (MDA) content in lung were determined to evaluate the degree of injury. To assess the barrier disruption, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected to determine the total protein content and count the number of neutrophils and macrophages. For evaluating the activation of macrophage in lung tissue, CD68 was detected using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The levels of inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in BALF and serum were measured. In vitro, a PM2.5-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages inflammatory model was introduced. To evaluate the protective effect of MXD-medicated serum, the cell viability and the release of inflammatory factors were measured. The effects of MXD on the High mobility group box-1/Toll-like receptor 4/Nuclear factor-kappa B (HMGB1/TLR4/NFκB) pathway in lung tissue and RAW 264.7 cells were assessed by Western blot. For further confirming the protective effect of MXD was mediated by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4/NFκB pathway, RAW 264.7 cells were incubated with MXD-medicated serum alone or MXD-medicated serum plus recombinant HMGB1 (rHMGB1). MXD significantly ameliorated the lung injury in rats, as evidenced by decreases in the pathological score, lung edema, MPO activity, MDA content, CD68 positive macrophages number, disruption of alveolar capillary barrier and the levels of inflammatory factors. In vitro, MXD-medicated serum increased cell viability and inhibited the release of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, MXD treatment was found to inhibit HMGB1/TLR4/NFκB signal pathway both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the protection of MXD could be reversed by rHMGB1 in RAW 264.7. Taken together, these results suggest MXD protects rats from PM2.5 induced acute lung injury, possibly through the modulation of HMGB1/TLR4/NFκB pathway and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-xiang Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi-yang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-ying Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang-hui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo-wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye-fang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-rong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-man Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Sugiyama A. The soybean rhizosphere: Metabolites, microbes, and beyond-A review. J Adv Res 2019; 19:67-73. [PMID: 31341671 PMCID: PMC6630087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizosphere microbial communities are important for plant health. Specialized metabolites in the rhizosphere influence the microbial communities. Isoflavones and saponins are major specialized metabolites secreted by soybean. Secretion is regulated developmentally and nutritionally. Possible links between specialized metabolites and microbial communities are highlighted.
The rhizosphere is the region close to a plant’s roots, where various interactions occur. Recent evidence indicates that plants influence rhizosphere microbial communities by secreting various metabolites and, in turn, the microbes influence the growth and health of the plants. Despite the importance of plant-derived metabolites in the rhizosphere, relatively little is known about their spatiotemporal distribution and dynamics. In addition to being an important crop, soybean (Glycine max) is a good model plant with which to study these rhizosphere interactions, because soybean plants have symbiotic relationships with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and secrete various specialized metabolites, such as isoflavones and saponins, into the soil. This review summarizes the characteristics of the soybean rhizosphere from the viewpoint of specialized metabolites and microbes and discusses future research perspectives. In sum, secretion of these metabolites is developmentally and nutritionally regulated and potentially alters the rhizosphere microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akifumi Sugiyama
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
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15
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Luo B, Shi H, Zhang K, Wei Q, Niu J, Wang J, Hammond SK, Liu S. Cold stress provokes lung injury in rats co-exposed to fine particulate matter and lipopolysaccharide. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 168:9-16. [PMID: 30384172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cold exposure aggravates respiratory diseases, which are also influenced by the exposures to particulate matter and endotoxin in the air. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential interactions among cold stress, fine particulate matter (PM2.5, particles with aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 µm or less) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, pure chemical form of endotoxin) on rat lung and to explore the related possible mechanisms of the interactions. Wistar rats were randomly grouped to be exposed to, 1) normal saline (0.9% NaCl), 2) PM2.5, 3) LPS, and 4) PM2.5 and LPS (PM2.5 + LPS) through intratracheal instillation under cold stress (0 °C) and normal temperature (20 °C). Lung function, lung tissue histology, inflammatory response and oxidative stress levels were measured to examine the lung injury and to investigate the potential mechanisms. Exposure to PM2.5 or LPS substantially changed pulmonary function [indicated by peak inspiratory flow (PIF) and peak expiratory flow (PEF)], inflammatory cytokine levels [indicated by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] and lung histology, compared to the non-exposed groups. Exposure to PM2.5 + LPS under cold stress induced the most significant changes, including the increases of IL-6, TNF-α and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), the decreases of PIF and PEF and more severe lung injury, among all exposure scenarios. Glutathione peroxidase activity and, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were found to be suppressed under cold stress, whereas Nrf2 and HO-1 levels were observed to be upregulated by exposure to PM2.5 or LPS under normal temperature. In conclusion, cold stress may aggravate the lung injury in rats induced by simultaneous exposure to PM2.5 and LPS. The progress may involve the suppressing of Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.
| | - Hongxia Shi
- Health Management Center, Lanzhou University the Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiaozhen Wei
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingping Niu
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sally Katharine Hammond
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA
| | - Sa Liu
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA; Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette 47907, USA.
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16
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Tian C, Zhang P, Yang J, Zhang Z, Wang H, Guo Y, Liu M. The protective effect of the flavonoid fraction of Abutilon theophrasti Medic. leaves on LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice via the NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1024-1031. [PMID: 30551352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Accompanied by the damages of epithelial and capillary endothelial cell, acute lung injury is diagnosed with the typical pathological symptoms in clinic, including diffusing of pulmonary interstitial, alveolar oedema and hypoxic respiratory insufficiency. Current study focused on the investigation the anti-inflammatory action and mechanisms of total flavonoids extract (TFE) from Abutilon theophrasti Medic. leaves on ALI mice induced by LPSs. Mice were administrated intragastrically with TFE at the concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 g/kg for 5 days, and on last day, nasal administration of LPSs for 6 h after 30 min for intragastric administration of TFE. Pretreatment with TFE not only reduced oxidative damage but also alleviated lung edema in ALI mice. Increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, caused by LPSs was reversed by TFE; on the contrary, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was upregulated. The proteins expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators iNOS and COX-2 induced by LPSs, were down-regulated by TFE. Moreover, the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways was inhibited by TFE in LPSs induced ALI mice. The results revealed that the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of TFE were via inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK activation. Combined, the results suggested that TFE might exert in vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions in LPSs stimulated mice, and will be potential in adjuvant treatment in oxidative stress and inflammation diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe Dist. 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe Dist. 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe Dist. 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Zehui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe Dist. 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe Dist. 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Yuru Guo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe Dist. 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China
| | - Mingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe Dist. 110866, Shenyang Liaoning Prov., People's Republic of China.
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17
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Lee JW, Chun W, Kwon OK, Park HA, Lim Y, Lee JH, Kim DY, Kim JH, Lee HK, Ryu HW, Oh SR, Ahn KS. 3,4,5-Trihydroxycinnamic acid attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury via downregulating inflammatory molecules and upregulating HO-1/AMPK activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 64:123-130. [PMID: 30173052 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The increase in inflammatory cytokines and chemokines is a common denominator in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) which are involved in the influx of inflammatory cells and lung damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of 3,4,5-trihydroxycinnamic acid (THC) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. THC efficiently decreased the mRNA expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in LPS-stimulated A549 airway epithelial cells. THC induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in A549 cells. THC also increased the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in A549 cells and RAW264.7 macrophages. In LPS-induced ALI in mice, THC significantly suppressed neutrophil influx and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). THC also attenuated the levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the BALF and serum. In addition, THC inhibited the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in the lung. These protective effects of THC were accompanied with HO-1 induction and AMPK activation. Taken together, the present study clearly demonstrates that THC significantly attenuates the LPS-induced ALI, suggesting that THC might be a valuable therapeutic adjuvant in airway inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Kyoung Kwon
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Park
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Yourim Lim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyeon Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Young Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Kyu Lee
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Won Ryu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Seop Ahn
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Lan X, Deng K, Zhao J, Chen Y, Xin X, Liu Y, Khan IA, Yang S, Wang T, Xu Q. New Triterpenoid Saponins from Green Vegetable Soya Beans and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:11065-11072. [PMID: 29183124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ten compounds were isolated and identified from green vegetable soya beans, of which five are new triterpenoid saponins (1-5) and five are known compounds (6-10). The chemical structures of the five triterpenoid saponins (1-5) were elucidated to be 3β,24-dihydroxy-22β,30-epoxy-30-oxoolean-12-en 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucuronopyranoside, 1; 3β,24-dihydroxy-22β,30-epoxy-30-oxoolean-12-en 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-(3″-O-formyl)-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucuronopyranoside, 2; 22-keto-3β,24-dihydroxy oleanane-12-ene 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-(3″-O-formyl)-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucuronopyranoside, 3; 3β,22β,24-trihydroxy oxyolean-18(19)-ene-29-acid 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucuronopyranoside, 4; and punicanolic acid 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucuronopyranoside, 5 from the spectroscopic data (IR, GTC/FID, HR-ESI-MS, and 1D and 2D NMR). The nitric oxide release inhibitions of compounds 1-10 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were evaluated, and the data suggested that compounds 1, 2, and 5 might possess moderate anti-inflammatory activities, with IC50 values of 18.8, 16.1, and 13.2 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Lan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kejun Deng
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacognosy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Yiyi Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xuhui Xin
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Department of Pharmacognosy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi , University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Shilin Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Taoyun Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
- College of Chemical, Biological and Material Engineering, Suzhou Science and Technology University , Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Qiongming Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
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19
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Yuk HJ, Lee JW, Park HA, Kwon OK, Seo KH, Ahn KS, Oh SR, Ryu HW. Protective effects of coumestrol on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via the inhibition of proinflammatory mediators and NF-κB activation. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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20
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Singh B, Singh JP, Singh N, Kaur A. Saponins in pulses and their health promoting activities: A review. Food Chem 2017; 233:540-549. [PMID: 28530610 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Saponins are a class of natural compounds present in pulses having surface active properties. These compounds show variation in type, structure and composition of their aglycone moiety and oligosaccharide chains. Saponins have plasma cholesterol lowering effect in humans and are important in reducing the risk of many chronic diseases. Moreover, they have shown strong cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines. However, more epidemiological and clinical studies are required for the proper validation of these health promoting activities. Processing and cooking promotes the loss of saponins from foods. The effect of soaking, sprouting and cooking on the stability and bioavailability of saponins in pulses is an important area which should be thoroughly worked out for achieving desirable health benefits. In the present review, the structures, contents and health benefits of saponins present in pulses are discussed. Moreover, the effect of processing (of pulses) on the saponins is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balwinder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Khalsa College, Amritsar 143002, Punjab, India
| | - Jatinder Pal Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Narpinder Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Amritpal Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
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21
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Dan Q, Xia Q, Wang T. Interference chemically synthesized dsRNA decreased IL‐1β expression in PC12 cells and its functional implication. IBRAIN 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2769-2795.2017.tb00014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi‐Qin Dan
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qing‐Jie Xia
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ting‐Hua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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22
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Zhu L, Zhang M, Liu X, Liu H, He Y, Wang B, Ma T. Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activities of soyasaponins from soy hypocotyls in human HepG2 cell line. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-016-0065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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Jang YJ, Back MJ, Fu Z, Lee JH, Won JH, Ha HC, Lee HK, Jang JM, Choi JM, Kim DK. Protective effect of sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide on LPS-induced acute lung injury. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1716-1725. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0716-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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