1
|
Wang M, Liao J, Lin W, Jiang L, Peng K, Su X, Li H, Wang H, Wang Y. YL-109 attenuates sepsis-associated multiple organ injury through inhibiting the ERK/AP-1 axis and pyroptosis by upregulating CHIP. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116633. [PMID: 38670049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe inflammatory disorder that can lead to life-threatening multiple organ injury. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation is the leading cause of multiple organ failure in sepsis. This study aimed to explore the effect of a novel agent, 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-benzothiazole (YL-109), on LPS-induced multiple organ injury and the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes. The results showed that YL-109 protected against LPS-induced high mortality, cardiac dysfunction, pulmonary and intestinal injury through inhibiting the proinflammatory response, NLRP3 expression and pyroptosis-associated indicators in mouse tissues. YL-109 suppressed LPS-initiated cytokine release, pyroptosis and pyroptosis-related protein expression in HL-1, IEC-6 and MLE-12 cells, which was consistent with the results of the in vivo experiments. Mechanistically, YL-109 reduces phosphorylated ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) levels and NF-κB activation, which are achieved through upregulating CHIP (carboxy terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein) expression, thereby inhibiting c-Jun and c-Fos activation as well as NLRP3 expression. As an E3 ligase, CHIP overexpression obviously promoted the degradation of phosphorylated ERK and inhibited the expression of NF-κB-mediated NLRP3 in cells stimulated with LPS. The protective effects of YL-109 against cardiac, pulmonary and intestinal damage, inflammation and pyroptosis caused by LPS were eliminated in CHIP knockout mice. Our results not only reveal the protective effect and molecular mechanism of YL-109 against LPS-mediated organs damage but also provide additional insights into the effect of CHIP on negatively regulating pyroptosis and inflammatory pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jia Liao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wan Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lucen Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kangli Peng
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, and School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xingyu Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rahimi K, Nourishirazi A, Delaviz H, Ghotbeddin Z. Antinociceptive effects of gamma-linolenic acid in the formalin test in the rats. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2677-2683. [PMID: 38694379 PMCID: PMC11060212 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is found in animals and plants that play a role in brain function and metabolism. Objective This study aimed to investigate the analgesic effects of GLA on peripheral formalin injection. Methods Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Sham, formalin, formalin/GLA 100 mg/kg, and formalin/GLA 150 mg/kg. The Formalin test was utilized to create a pain model. A tissue sample was prepared from the spinal cords of rats to measure oxidative stress parameters and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the authors analyzed the expression of c-Fos protein in the spinal cords. Results Our findings demonstrate that GLA has a reliable pain-relieving effect in the formalin test. GLA 100 increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.05), glutathione (GSH) (P<0.001), and catalase (CAT) (P<0.05), and decreased the levels of c-Fos (P<0.001), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) (P<0.001), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (P<0.001), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (P<0.001) in the spinal cord. Also GLA 150 increased SOD (P<0.05), GSH (P<0.001), and CAT (P<0.05) and decreased the levels of c-Fos (P<0.001), IL-1β (P<0.001), TNF-α (P<0.001), and MDA (P<0.001) in the spinal cord. Conclusion The findings have validated the antinociceptive impact of GLA and hinted towards its immunomodulatory influence in the formalin test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Rahimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
| | | | | | - Zohreh Ghotbeddin
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu Q, Qiu X, Zhong J, Cao C, Liao Y, Zeng Z, Zhang D, Yan C. Structural identification and anti-neuroinflammatory effect of a heteropolysaccharide ATP50-3 from Acorus tatarinowii rhizome. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131254. [PMID: 38565362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Acorus tatarinowii, a famous traditional Chinese medicine, is used for the clinical treatment of memory impairment and dementia. In this research, AT50, the crude polysaccharide extracted from A. tatarinowii rhizome, significantly improved the memory and learning ability of mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and exerted excellent anti-neuroinflammatory effects. More importantly, AT50 returned the levels of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, PGE-2, and IL-6 in AD mouse brains to normal levels. To identify the active ingredients in AT50, a heteropolysaccharide ATP50-3 was obtained from AT50. Structural analysis indicated ATP50-3 consisted of α-L-Araf-(1→, →2)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →3)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, α-D-Xylp-(1→, →3,4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, →3)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →3,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-4-OAc-α-D-Galp-(1→, →3,4,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →2,3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, →4,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →3,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, and →4)-α-D-GlcpA-(1 → residues and terminated with Xyl and Ara. Additionally, ATP50-3 significantly inhibited the release of proinflammatory factors in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cells. ATP50-3 may be an active constituent of AT50, responsible for its anti-neuroinflammatory effects, with great potential to treat AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xian Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chao Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuechan Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiwei Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chunyan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lei J, Feng Y, Zheng W, Khamis M, Zhang J, Hou X, Guan F. Type I/II Immune Balance Contributes to the Protective Effect of AIF-1 on Hepatic Immunopathology Induced by Schistosoma japonicum in a Transgenic Mouse Model. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02010-9. [PMID: 38554240 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is the second most debilitating neglected tropical disease in the world. Liver egg granuloma and fibrosis are the main damage of schistosomiasis. In this study, the role of allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) in liver pathology and its regulation in immune responses were investigated in a transgenic mouse infected with Schistosoma japonicum. We found that AIF-1 overexpression reduced worm burden and decreased egg granuloma sizes and serum alanine aminotransferase levels, along with inhibited hepatic collagen deposition and serum hydroxyproline levels during S. japonicum infection. Moreover, AIF-1 overexpression resulted in an increased ratio of Th1/Th2, increased levels of IFN-γ and T-bet, and lower levels of GATA-3 in the spleen, accompanied by increased M1 percentages, decreased M2 percentages, and thus a higher ratio of M1/M2 in the peritoneal cavity and liver. AIF-1 induced CD68 and iNOS mRNA expression and protein levels of cytoplasmic p-P38 and nuclear NF-κB, along with enhanced levels of TNF-α and TGF-β in macrophages in vitro. Moreover, the hepatic pathology had a negative correlation with Th1/Th2 and M1/M2 ratios in the infected mice. The findings reveal that the beneficial role of AIF-1 in alleviating hepatic damage is related to restoring type I/II immune balance in S. japonicum infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lei
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wenwen Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Mwadini Khamis
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiao Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Fei Guan
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma J, Liu W, Wang X, Lu C, Hao Z, Wang Y, Ding Y, Li Y. Cnidium officinale Makino: Phytology, Phytochemistry, Toxicology, Pharmacology and Prescriptions (1967-2023). Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301639. [PMID: 38062000 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cnidium officinale Makino (COM), a perennial herbaceous plant in the Apiaceous family, widely distribute in Eastern Asia and Asia-Temperate. It has a long history application as a traditional medicine for invigorating the blood and removing blood stasis, and also has been employed to diet, pesticide, herbal bathing materials, the cosmetic and skin care industry. However, there has been no associated review of literature in the past half a century (1967-2023). By searching the international authoritative databases and collecting 229 literatures closely related to COM, herewith a comprehensive and systematic review was conducted. The phytology includes plant distribution and botanical characteristics. The phytochemistry covers 8 major categories, 208 compounds in total, and the quantitative determination of 14 monomer compounds, total polyphenols and total flavonoids. The clinical trial in pregnant women and toxic experiments in mice, the pharmacology of 7 aspects and 82 frequently used prescriptions are summarized. It is expected that this paper will provide forward-looking scientific thinking and literature support for the further modern research, development and utilization of COM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Xueyu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Chang Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zezhuang Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Ye Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yuling Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hyun JH, Yu HS, Woo IK, Lee GW, Lee NK, Paik HD. Anti-inflammatory activities of Levilactobacillus brevis KU15147 in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide on attenuating NF-κB, AP-1, and MAPK signaling pathways. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:2105-2115. [PMID: 37860733 PMCID: PMC10581997 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01318-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics confer many beneficial effects on several illnesses, ranging from microbial diarrhea to inflammatory diseases. This study was conducted on whether Levilactobacillus brevis KU15147 obtained from kimchi has anti-inflammatory effects in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and antioxidant potential. L. brevis KU15147 reduced nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 levels with decreasing the activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 without cell cytotoxicity. In addition, L. brevis KU15147 attenuated proinflammatory cytokine production including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. Additionally, L. brevis KU15147 reduced the activity of nuclear factor-κB, activator protein-1, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Furthermore, L. brevis KU15147 downregulated the production of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, L. brevis KU15147 was concluded that had an inhibition effect on LPS-induced inflammatory responses and can be used in functional foods to suppress inflammatory diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01318-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyun Hyun
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Yu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Im-Kyung Woo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Woong Lee
- View of Creativity, GHBio Co., Ltd., 120 Neungdong-Ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liang Y, Jiang Q, Zou H, Zhao J, Zhang J, Ren L. Withaferin A: A potential selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator with anti-inflammatory effect. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 179:113949. [PMID: 37467946 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have been widely applied to various clinical treatment, however some serious side effects may occur during the treatment. It is widely known that glucocorticoids produce a marked effect through binding to glucocorticoid receptor (GR). As withaferin A can provide multiple health benefits, this work aims to confirm withaferin A as a potential selective GR modulator with anti-inflammatory effect. Fluorescence polarization assay confirmed that withaferin A could steadily bind to GR with an IC50 value of 203.80 ± 0.36 μM. Meanwhile, glucocorticoid receptor translocation of withaferin A was measured by nuclear fractionation assay. Dual luciferase reporter assay showed that withaferin A did not activate GR transcription. Furthermore, withaferin A decreased the GR-related protein expression with less side effects. The result of molecular docking showed that hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interactions contributed to the binding of withaferin A with GR. In addition, the GR-withaferin A complex maintained a stable binding throughout the dynamics simulation process. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that withaferin A inhibited the production of cytokines, confirming its anti-inflammatory effect. These findings indicate that withaferin A is a potential selective GR modulator and this work may provide a research basis for developing dietary supplements and nutraceuticals against inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Qiuyan Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Haoyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jingqi Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jeon S, Lee EY, Hillman PF, Nam SJ, Lim KM. Safety assessment of Cnidium officinale rhizome extract in cosmetics using the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) approach. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2023:105433. [PMID: 37302562 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cosmetics often contain botanical extracts, which present a challenge for safety assessors due to their complex composition. The threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) approach is considered as a solution for the safety assessment of botanical extracts in cosmetics as part of next-generation risk assessment. In this study, we applied the TTC approach to evaluate the safety of Cnidium officinale rhizome extract (CORE), a widely used botanical extract in skin conditioning products. We identified 32 components of CORE through the USDA database and literature and determined the content of each component through literature or actual analysis where an authentic standard was available. Macro- and micronutrients were also analyzed to exclude them as safe components. The Toxtree® software was used to identify the Cramer class of remaining components. We estimated the systemic exposure of each component from leave-on type cosmetic products containing CORE at a 1% concentration and compared the results to TTC thresholds. All components of CORE had a systemic exposure below the TTC threshold. While batch variations and presence of unknown chemicals in individual CORE materials should be considered, this study demonstrated that the TTC approach can be a useful tool for the safety assessment of botanical extracts in cosmetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soha Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Prima F Hillman
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jip Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu S, Park H, Kim W. Trehalose Inhibits Inflammatory Responses through Mitochondrial Reprogramming in RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1166. [PMID: 37371896 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies reported the beneficial effects of trehalose on metabolic syndromes, hyperlipidemia, and autophagy, but its action mechanisms are still poorly understood. Even though trehalose is digested by disaccharidase and absorbed in the intestine, intact molecules encounter immune cells which form a solid balance between the allowance of nutritive substances and the removal of harmful pathogens. In this regard, the polarization of intestinal macrophages into an anti-inflammatory phenotype through metabolic regulation is emerging as a therapeutic strategy for the prevention of gastrointestinal inflammation. The current study investigated the effects of trehalose on immunological phenotypes, energy metabolism, and LPS-induced macrophage mitochondrial functioning. Results indicate that trehalose reduces prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, which are inflammatory mediators of LPS-induced macrophages. In addition, trehalose further significantly suppressed inflammatory cytokines and mediators via energy metabolism reprogramming towards M2-like status in LPS-stimulated macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Yu
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejeong Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooki Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yan L, Li Y, Tan T, Qi J, Fang J, Guo H, Ren Z, Gou L, Geng Y, Cui H, Shen L, Yu S, Wang Z, Zuo Z. RAGE-TLR4 Crosstalk Is the Key Mechanism by Which High Glucose Enhances the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response in Primary Bovine Alveolar Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087007. [PMID: 37108174 PMCID: PMC10138623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are important receptors for inflammatory responses induced by high glucose (HG) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and show crosstalk phenomena in inflammatory responses. However, it is unknown whether RAGE and TLR4 can influence each other's expression through a crosstalk mechanism and whether the RAGE-TLR4 crosstalk related to the molecular mechanism of HG enhances the LPS-induced inflammatory response. In this study, the implications of LPS with multiple concentrations (0, 1, 5, and 10 μg/mL) at various treatment times (0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h) in primary bovine alveolar macrophages (BAMs) were explored. The results showed that a 5 μg/mL LPS treatment at 12 h had the most significant increment on the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in BAMs (p < 0.05) and that the levels of TLR4, RAGE, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 mRNA and protein expression were upregulated (p < 0.05). Then, the effect of LPS (5 μg/mL) and HG (25.5 mM) co-treatment in BAMs was explored. The results further showed that HG significantly enhanced the release of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α caused by LPS in the supernatant (p < 0.01) and significantly increased the levels of RAGE, TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 mRNA and protein expression (p < 0.01). Pretreatment with FPS-ZM1 and TAK-242, the inhibitors of RAGE and TLR4, significantly alleviated the HG + LPS-induced increment of RAGE, TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 mRNA and protein expression in the presence of HG and LPS (p < 0.01). This study showed that RAGE and TLR4 affect each other's expression through crosstalk during the combined usage of HG and LPS and synergistically activate the MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway to promote the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BAMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Yanran Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Tianyu Tan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Jiancheng Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Jing Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Liping Gou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Yi Geng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Hengmin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Liuhong Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Shumin Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611134, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lei N, Song H, Zeng L, Ji S, Meng X, Zhu X, Li X, Feng Q, Liu J, Mu J. Persistent Lipid Accumulation Leads to Persistent Exacerbation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammation in Progressive NASH via the IRE1α/TRAF2 Complex. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073185. [PMID: 37049952 PMCID: PMC10095702 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a metabolic disorder that often leads to other severe liver diseases, yet treatment options are limited. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an important pathogenetic mechanism of NASH and plays a key role in tandem steatosis as well as liver inflammation. This study aims to develop a progressive NASH model through sustained lipid accumulation and to elucidate its molecular mechanism through IRE1α/TRAF2 complex. Male SD rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 4, 8, and 12 weeks to induce progressive NASH. MRNA sequencing and PPI analysis were used to screen core genes. Transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence staining, ELISA, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting were used at each time point to compare differences between each index of progressive NASH at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Sustained lipid accumulation led to structural disruption of the ER, a reduction in ER number, and an increase of lipid droplet aggregation in hepatocytes. Persistent lipid accumulation led to a persistent increase in mRNA and protein expression of the IRE1α/TRAF2 complex, IKK/IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway and ASK1/JNK1 signaling pathway, and TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 also continued to increase. Persistent lipid accumulation led to a persistent exacerbation of ER stress and inflammation in progressive NASH via the IRE1α/TRAF2 complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Lei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Hongfei Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China
| | - Shaoxiu Ji
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiangbo Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiuying Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiuyan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Quansheng Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jibin Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jie Mu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tian M, Xie D, Yang Y, Tian Y, Jia X, Wang Q, Deng G, Zhou Y. Hedychium flavum flower essential oil: Chemical composition, anti-inflammatory activities and related mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115846. [PMID: 36280015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hedychium flavum, an ornamental, edible, and medicinal plant, is extensively cultivated as a source of aromatic essential oils (EO). Its flower is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating inflammation-related diseases like indigestion, diarrhea, and stomach pain. In particular, H. flavum flower EO has been used in cosmetics and as an aromatic stomachic to treat chronic gastritis in China. AIM OF THE STUDY This research aimed to analyze H. flavum flower EO's chemical composition and explore its anti-inflammatory activities and related mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS EO's chemical composition was determined by GC-FID/MS analysis. For in vitro test, the anti-inflammatory activity of EO was demonstrated by measuring the LPS-induced release of NO, PGE2, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in RAW264.7 macrophages, and then its related mechanisms were explored using qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescent staining analysis. Next, EO's in vivo anti-inflammatory potential was further evaluated using a xylene-induced ear edema model, in which ear swelling and TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels in serum and tissue were examined. RESULTS The main components of EO were β-pinene (20.2%), α-pinene (9.3%), α-phellandrene (8.3%), 1,8-cineole (7.1%), E-nerolidol (5.4%), limonene (4.4%), borneol (4.1%), and β-caryophyllene (3.7%). For the anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, EO dramatically reduced the LPS-stimulated NO and PGE2 release by suppressing the mRNA and protein expression of iNOS and COX-2. Meanwhile, it remarkably decreased IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β production by inhibiting their mRNA levels. Related mechanism studies indicated that it not only inhibited IκBα phosphorylation and degradation, leading to blockade of NF-κB nuclear transfer but also suppressed MAPKs (ERK, p38, and JNK) phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Further in vivo assay showed that EO ameliorated xylene-induced ear edema in mice and reduced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β levels in serum and tissue. CONCLUSIONS H. flavum EO exerted significant anti-inflammatory activity in vivo and in vitro, and its mechanism of action is related to the inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB activation. Thus, H. flavum EO could be considered a novel and promising anti-inflammatory agent and possess high potential for utilization in the pharmaceutical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Tian
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Dan Xie
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yao Yang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yufeng Tian
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jia
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qinqin Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Guodong Deng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Du J, Liu P, Zhu Y, Wang G, Xing S, Liu T, Xia J, Dong S, Lv N, Li Z. Novel tryptanthrin derivatives with benzenesulfonamide substituents: Design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114956. [PMID: 36450214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Herein, two series of tryptanthrin derivatives with benzenesulfonamide substituents were designed and synthesized to discover novel anti-inflammatory agents. The anti-inflammatory activities of all derivatives were screened by evaluating their inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells. Among them, compound 8j exhibited the best NO inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.25 ± 0.21 μM), with no obvious toxicity. Further evaluation showed that 8j could also significantly reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β, IC50 = 8.48 ± 0.23 μM) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, IC50 = 11.53 ± 0.35 μM) and downregulate the LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2. Reverse docking of 8j suggested p38α as the molecular target, which is a well-known crucial player in the p38 MAPK signaling pathway that controls the transcription of pro-inflammatory mediators. Cellular thermal shift assay showed that 8j efficiently stabilized p38α in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Western blot showed that inflammatory response was inhibited by 8j through inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38α and MK2 in the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Finally, In vivo studies showed that 8j could significantly ameliorate the degree of foot swelling and knee joint pathology in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats and reduce levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in serum, achieving the effect of protecting synovial tissue and ameliorating arthritis. These findings suggested that 8j may be a promising compound for further development of anti-inflammatory agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyu Du
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peipei Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui BioX-Vision Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei, China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guoxing Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui BioX-Vision Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei, China
| | - Siqi Xing
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jucheng Xia
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuanghong Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Na Lv
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Zeng Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cui L, Peng C, Li J, Cheng X, Fan X, Li J, Yang Z, Zhao Y, Ma Y. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of 2Br-Crebanine and Stephanine from Stephania yunnanenses H. S.Lo. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1092583. [PMID: 36686697 PMCID: PMC9845599 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1092583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Crebanine (Cre) and Stephanine (Step) are isoquinoline aporphine-type alkaloids that are extracted from Stephania yunnanenses H. S. Lo. Plants of the Stephania genus are often used for treatment of stomach pain, abdominal pain, and rheumatoid arthritis. Both Cre and Step exhibit strong activities but are also associated with a certain level of toxicity, 10,11-dibrominecrebanine (2Br-Cre) is a bromine-modified derivative of Cre that we prepared and tested in order to reduce toxicity and enhance efficacy. Aim of this study: To investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of 2Br-Cre and Step based on previous research findings and explore the specific biological mechanisms involved. Materials and methods: The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of 2Br-Cre and Step were investigated using a range of experimental models, including xylene-induced ear edema, carrageenan-induced pleurisy, carrageenan-induced paw edema, the hot-plate test, the naloxone antagonism test and the acetic acid writhing test. A model of chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve was also established to investigate therapeutic effects. A RAW264.7 cell model was established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to estimate the effects of these compounds on cytokines levels. Results: 2Br-Cre and step significantly inhibited ear edema, paw edema and presented anti-inflammatory activity in the pleurisy model by inhibiting leukocyte migration and nitric oxide (NO) production, and by reducing the levels of PGE2. 2Br-Cre and Step significantly increased the pain threshold of mice subjected to heat stimulation; the effect was blocked by naloxone, thus suggesting that the analgesic effects of 2Br-Cre and Step were mediated by opioid receptors. 2Br-Cre and Step inhibited the frequency of writhing and prolonged the latency of writhing, and reduced the abnormal increase in the levels of BDNF in the serum and brain, thus alleviating the pain caused by CCI. In addition, 2Br-Cre and Step significantly inhibited the production of several inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) by LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages (p < .01). Conclusion: 2Br-Cre and Step exerted remarkable anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. As a structural modification of Cre, 2Br-Cre retains the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Cre but with better efficacy. Consequently, 2Br-Cre should be investigated further as a lead compound for analgesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaorui Peng
- Yunnan Xinxing Occupations College, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Chinese Material Medicine and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- School of Chinese Material Medicine and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao Fan
- Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in University of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Zixian Yang
- School of Chinese Material Medicine and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yuancui Zhao
- Health Center of Majie Town of Yiliang, Kunming, China
| | - Yunshu Ma
- School of Chinese Material Medicine and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China,*Correspondence: Yunshu Ma,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kim HE, Han JE, Murthy HN, Kwon HJ, Lee GM, Park SY. Response of Cnidium officinale Makino Plants to Heat Stress and Selection of Superior Clones Using Morphological and Molecular Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3119. [PMID: 36432849 PMCID: PMC9697257 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cnidium officinale is a medicinal plant cultivated for its rhizomes, which are used in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean traditional medicine. This medicinal crop is highly susceptible to heat stress and cannot be cultivated in regions of higher temperatures. In the present study, ten clones from Korea (clones 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 11, 14, 15, 22, and 26) were evaluated for their heat tolerance in vitro at 25, 30, 32.5, and 35 °C, and growth characteristics including plant height, the number of leaves and roots were evaluated. The initial experiment was conducted to find the threshold level for significant damage to the plant, while the second experiment was to screen the germplasm to select heat-tolerant clones. Most of the clones were sensitive to heat stress (clones 1, 2, 8, 11, 14, 15, 22, and 26), and few clones (clones 5 and 6) could perform well at an elevated temperature of 32.5 °C. Molecular analysis of the expression of heat-responsive genes, including heat shock protein (CoHSP), catalase (CoCAT), and cystine protease (CoCP), was performed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) carried out with heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive clones. Two of the heat-tolerant clones (clones 5 and 6) showed significant expression of CoHSP and CoCAT genes at elevated temperature treatment. These clones can be used for further evaluation and cultivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Eun Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Osong-eup, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Han
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India
| | - Hyuk-Joon Kwon
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Seocho-gu, Seoul 30003, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Myung Lee
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Seocho-gu, Seoul 30003, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Park
- Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Essential Oils from the Leaves, Stem, and Roots of Blumea lanceolaria (Roxb.) Druce in Vietnam: Determination of Chemical Composition, and In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Studies on Anti-Inflammatory Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227839. [PMID: 36431950 PMCID: PMC9697122 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Blumea lanceolaria (Roxb.) Druce, a flowering plant, is used for treating cancer and inflammatory diseases. In this study, we determined the chemical composition of the EOs extracted from the leaves (LBEO), stem (SBEO), and roots (RBEO) of B. lanceolaria and analyzed their anti-inflammation potential. Overall, 30 compounds representing 99.12%, 98.44%, and 96.89% of total EO constituents of the leaves, stem, and roots, respectively, were identified using GC-MS. ELISA, Western blotting, and qRT-PCR studies showed that LBEO, SBEO, and RBEO inhibited multiple steps in the inflammatory responses in the RAW 264.7 cell model, including NO production; TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 transcription and translation; and phosphorylation of IκBα and p65 of the NF-κB pathway. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema model, all three EOs inhibited paw edema at both early and delayed phases. Molecular docking studies indicated that the main components of B. lanceolaria EOs (BEOs) targeted and inhibited major components of inflammation-related pathways, including the arachidonic acid metabolic pathway, NF-κB pathway, and MAPK pathway. We present the first study to characterize the chemical composition of BEOs and confirm their potent anti-inflammatory effects in in vitro, in vivo, and in silico analysis. These results can facilitate the development of effective anti-inflammatory drugs with limited side effects in the future.
Collapse
|
17
|
Jo HG, Seo J, Lee D. Clinical evidence construction of East Asian herbal medicine for inflammatory pain in rheumatoid arthritis based on integrative data mining approach. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106460. [PMID: 36152738 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to a significant social burden. East Asian herbal medicine (EAHM) has long been used to treat RA. Therefore, a systematic study of how EAHM treatments can be developed into new drugs using specific materials is needed. METHODS Eleven databases containing literature in English, Korean, Chinese, and Japanese were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing EAHM with conventional medicine (CM). A meta-analysis was performed on the variable data to assess their effects on inflammatory pain. Subsequently, we searched for core materials and combinations of core material-based data mining methods. RESULTS A total of 186 trials involving 19,716 patients with RA met the inclusion criteria. According to the meta-analysis, EAHM had a significantly superior effect on continuous pain intensity, tender joint count, and response rate. Patients treated with EAHM had a significantly reduced incidence of adverse events compared with those treated with CM. Based on additional analysis of the EAHM formula data included in this meta-analysis, 21 core materials and five core herbal combinations were identified. CONCLUSION EAHM remedies for RA have the adequate potential for use as candidate materials for treating inflammatory pain in RA. The candidate core herbs evaluated in this study act on multiple pathways and are expected to provide pain relief, sustained inflammation suppression, immune regulation, and prevention of joint destruction. It seems worthwhile to conduct follow-up research on drug development using the core materials derived from this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Geun Jo
- BS Healthcare Co., Ltd., 11 Teheran-ro 33-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06141, Republic of Korea; Allbarun Kyunghee Korean Medicine Clinic, 18, Pungmu-ro 146-gil, Gimpo, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jihye Seo
- BS Healthcare Co., Ltd., 11 Teheran-ro 33-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06141, Republic of Korea; Allbarun Kyunghee Korean Medicine Clinic, 18, Pungmu-ro 146-gil, Gimpo, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghun Lee
- BS Healthcare Co., Ltd., 11 Teheran-ro 33-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06141, Republic of Korea; Allbarun Kyunghee Korean Medicine Clinic, 18, Pungmu-ro 146-gil, Gimpo, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdae-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xanthatin Alleviates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in RAW264.7 Macrophages by Inhibiting NF-κB, MAPK and STATs Activation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144603. [PMID: 35889477 PMCID: PMC9322085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthatin (XT) is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the Chinese herb Xanthium, which belongs to the Asteraceae family. In this study, we developed an inflammation model via stimulating macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7 cells) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which was applied to assess the anti-inflammatory effect and probable mechanisms of xanthatin. When compared with the only LPS-induced group, cells that were pretreated with xanthatin were found to decrease the amount of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and associated pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), and downregulate the mRNA expression of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Interestingly, phosphorylated levels of related proteins (STAT3, ERK1/2, SAPK/JNK, IκBα, p65) were notably increased only with the LPS-activated cells, while the expression of these could be reverted by pre-treatment with xanthatin in a dose-dependent way. Meanwhile, xanthatin was also found to block NF-κB p65 from translocating into the nucleus and activating inflammatory gene transcription. Collectively, these results demonstrated that xanthatin suppresses the inflammatory effects through downregulating the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STATs) signaling pathways. Taken together, xanthatin possesses the potential to act as a good anti-inflammatory medication candidate.
Collapse
|
19
|
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phlebia sp. Extract in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2717196. [PMID: 35872858 PMCID: PMC9303134 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2717196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lichens are a life form in which algae and fungi have a symbiotic relationship and have various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities. This is the first study to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of a Phlebia sp. fungal extract (PSE) isolated from Peltigera neopolydactyla in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage. PSE reduced the production of the proinflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β), chemokine (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor), nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E2 in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Especially, PSE inhibits the phosphorylation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling (c-Fos and c-Jun) and their upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MKK/MAPKs: MKK4, MKK7, and JNK) and finally reduced the production of the inflammatory cytokines. The inhibitory effects mainly act via suppressing JNK-mediated AP-1 rather than the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, PSE inhibited the production of final inflammatory effector molecules involved in AP-1 signaling, including nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Here, we report that PSE has the potential to be developed as an anti-inflammatory agent.
Collapse
|
20
|
Long F, Chen R, Su Y, Liang J, Xian Y, Yang F, Lian H, Xu J, Zhao J, Liu Q. Epoxymicheliolide inhibits osteoclastogenesis and resists OVX-induced osteoporosis by suppressing ERK1/2 and NFATc1 signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108632. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
21
|
Characterization and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Flavonoids from the Fruits of Lycium barbarum. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030306. [PMID: 35159457 PMCID: PMC8834156 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The fruits of Lycium barbarum are rich in flavonoids, which may contribute to the health-promoting function of Lycium barbarum. However, the composition of flavonoids in the fruits of Lycium barbarum (LBFs) has received little attention. Thus, the goal of this work was to identify more kinds of flavonoids from fruits of Lycium barbarum by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of LBFs in vitro were also investigated. Thirteen flavonoid compounds were identified in LBFs, of which daphnetin, 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin, astragalin, taxifolin, eriodictyol, naringenin, and chrysoeriol were identified for the first time in the fruits of Lycium barbarum, which greatly enriched the variety of flavonoids in the fruits of Lycium barbarum. LBFs showed a similar superior antioxidant activity to vitamin C. Furthermore, LBFs exhibited an anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6, in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. This study demonstrated the potential development of LBFs as functional foods.
Collapse
|
22
|
Sunagawa M, Takayama Y, Kato M, Tanaka M, Fukuoka S, Okumo T, Tsukada M, Yamaguchi K. Kampo Formulae for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain ∼ Especially the Mechanism of Action of Yokukansan ∼. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:705023. [PMID: 34970116 PMCID: PMC8712661 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.705023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kampo medicine has been practiced as traditional medicine (TM) in Japan. Kampo medicine uses Kampo formulae that are composed of multiple crude drugs to make Kampo formulae. In Japan, Kampo formulae are commonly used instead of or combined with Western medicines. If drug therapy that follows the guidelines for neuropathic pain does not work or cannot be taken due to side effects, various Kampo formulae are considered as the next line of treatment. Since Kampo formulae are composed of two or more kinds of natural crude drugs, and their extracts contain many ingredients with pharmacological effects, one Kampo formula usually has multiple effects. Therefore, when selecting a formula, we consider symptoms other than pain. This review outlines the Kampo formulae that are frequently used for pain treatment and their crude drugs and the basic usage of each component. In recent years, Yokukansan (YKS) has become one of the most used Kampo formulae for pain treatment with an increasing body of baseline research available. We outline the known and possible mechanisms by which YKS exerts its pharmacologic benefits as an example of Kampo formulae's potency and holistic healing properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Sunagawa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takayama
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Kato
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Midori Tanaka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Fukuoka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Okumo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mana Tsukada
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kojiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Coffee Brew Evaluated after Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124368. [PMID: 34959920 PMCID: PMC8705407 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee contains human health-related molecules, namely polyphenols that possess a wide range of pharmacological functions, and their intake is associated with reduced colon cancer risk. This study aimed to assess the changes in the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of coffee after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The evaluation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the HT-29 human colon cancer cell line and three in vitro spectrophotometric assays were performed to determine the antioxidant activity of the samples. Characterization of coffee composition was also assessed through a Q-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis. The results highlighted that the levels of polyphenols in the digested coffee brews were higher than those of the non-digested ones. All assayed samples decreased the levels of intracellular ROS when compared to untreated cells, while digested coffee samples exhibited higher antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content than not-digested coffee samples. Digested coffee samples showed a higher reduction in interleukin-6 levels than the not-digested samples in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HT-29 cells treated for 48 h and fewer cytotoxic effects in the MTT assay. Overall, our findings suggest that coffee may exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and the digestion process may be able to release compounds with higher bioactivity.
Collapse
|
24
|
Yin J, Lu J, Lei P, He M, Huang S, Lv J, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Jiang M. Danggui-Shaoyao-San Improves Gut Microbia Dysbiosis and Hepatic Lipid Homeostasis in Fructose-Fed Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:671708. [PMID: 34326769 PMCID: PMC8313808 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.671708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a pathological state of many abnormal metabolic sections. These abnormalities are closely related to diabetes, heart pathologies and other vascular diseases. Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that has been used as a therapy for Alzheimer’s disease. DSS has rarely been reported in the application of MetS and its mechanism of how it improves gut microbia dysbiosis and hepatic lipid homeostasis. In this study, three extracts of DSS were obtained using water, 50% methanol in water and methanol as extracting solvents. Their chemical substances were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS). Pharmacodynamic effect of the extracts were evaluated by comparison of biochemical factors, 16S rRNA sequencing test for gut microbiota analysis, as well as metabonomic and transcriptomic assessments on liver tissues from fructose-fed rats. This study aimed at investigating DSS’s mechanism of regulating blood lipid, anti-inflammation and reducing blood glucose. The results showed that the 50% methanol extract (HME) was more effective. It was worth noting that hydroxysteroid 17β-dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17β13) as a critical element of increasing blood lipid biomarker-triglyceride (TG), was decreased markedly by DSS. The influence from upgraded hydroxysteroid 17β-dehydrogenase 7 (HSD17β7) may be stronger than that from downgraded Lactobacillus in the aspect of regulating back blood lipid biomarker-total cholesterol (TC). The differential down-regulation of tumornecrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and the significant up-regulation of Akkermansia showed the effective effect of anti-inflammation by DSS. The declining glycine and alanine induced the lowering glucose and lactate. It demonstrated that DSS slowed down the reaction of gluconeogenesis to reduce the blood glucose. The results demonstrated that DSS improved pathological symptoms of MetS and some special biochemical factors in three aspects by better regulating intestinal floras and improving hepatic gene expressions and metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaxi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingshuai He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengjie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jialin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Protective Effect of Membrane-Free Stem Cells against Lipopolysaccharide and Interferon-Gamma-Stimulated Inflammatory Responses in RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136894. [PMID: 34198981 PMCID: PMC8268248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are considered to be ideal for application in cell therapy or tissue regeneration, mainly due to their wide availability and easy access. In this study, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects of membrane-free stem cell extract (MFSC-Ex) derived from ADSCs against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Exposure of RAW macrophages to LPS and IFN-γ stimuli induced high levels of nitric oxide (NO), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. However, pretreatment with MFSC-Ex inhibited LPS/IFN-γ-induced these pro-inflammatory mediators. To clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory property of MFSC-Ex, we analyzed nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) protein expressions by Western blotting. Our study showed that treatment of MFSC-Ex significantly down-regulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and COX-2 protein expressions. Furthermore, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 was also blocked by treatment with MFSC-Ex, indicating that inhibitory effect of MFSC-Ex on MAPK signaling cascade may attribute to inactivation of NF-κB. From these findings, we suggest that MFSC-Ex exert anti-inflammatory activities, which suppressed LPS/IFN-γ-induced production of NO, COX-2 and PGE2 by regulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 macrophages. In conclusion, MFSC-Ex might provide a new therapeutic opportunity to treatment of inflammatory-related diseases.
Collapse
|
26
|
Xu Q, Qiao Y, Zhang Z, Deng Y, Chen T, Tao L, Xu Q, Liu J, Sun W, Ye Y, Lu Y, Qi C, Zhang Y. New Polyketides With Anti-Inflammatory Activity From the Fungus Aspergillus rugulosa. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:700573. [PMID: 34234683 PMCID: PMC8256160 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.700573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new polyketide compounds, asperulosins A and B (1–2), and one new prenylated small molecule, asperulosin C (3), along with nine known compounds (4–12), were isolated and identified from a fungus Aspergillus rugulosa. Their structures were extensively elucidated via HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR analysis. The absolute configurations of the new compounds were determined by the comparison of their electronic circular dichroism (ECD), calculated ECD spectra, and the detailed discussion with those in previous reports. Structurally, compounds 1 and 2 belonged to the polyketide family and were from different origins. Compound 2 was constructed by five continuous quaternary carbon atoms, which occur rarely in natural products. All of the isolates were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity against the production of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Among those, compounds 1 and 5 showed a significant inhibitory effect on NO production with IC50 values of 1.49 ± 0.31 and 3.41 ± 0.85 μM, respectively. Additionally, compounds 1 and 5 markedly increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 while suppressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, MCP-1, and IL12. Besides, 1 and 5 inhibited the transcription level of pro-inflammatory macrophage markers IL6, IL1β, and TNF-α while remarkably elevating the anti-inflammatory factor IL10 and M2 macrophage markers ARG1 and CD206. Moreover, 1 and 5 restrained the expression and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, as well as its downstream signaling proteins COX-2 and iNOS. All these results suggest that 1 and 5 have potential as anti-inflammatory agents, with better or comparable activities than those of the positive control, dexamethasone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuben Qiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfang Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianqi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Tao
- Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, China
| | - Qiaoxin Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjun Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiguang Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changxing Qi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cho BO, Shin JY, Kang HJ, Park JH, Hao S, Wang F, Jang SI. Anti‑inflammatory effect of Chrysanthemum zawadskii, peppermint, Glycyrrhiza glabra herbal mixture in lipopolysaccharide‑stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:532. [PMID: 34036392 PMCID: PMC8170225 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The normal inflammatory reaction protects the body from harmful external factors, whereas abnormal chronic inflammation can cause various diseases, including cancer. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the anti‑inflammatory activity of a mixture of Chrysanthemum zawadskii, peppermint and Glycyrrhiza glabra (CPG) by analyzing the expression levels of inflammatory mediators, cytokines and transcription factors in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑stimulated Raw264.7 cells. A nitric oxide assay, ELISA, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were performed to investigate the anti‑inflammatory activity of the CPG mixture. Pretreatment of Raw264.7 cells with CPG inhibited the increase of inflammatory mediators (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase‑2 and IFN‑β) induced by LPS. Additionally, it inhibited the production of pro‑inflammatory cytokines (TNF‑α, IL‑6 and IL‑1β). CPG suppressed LPS‑induced phosphorylation of STAT1, AKT, Iκb and NF‑κB. Furthermore, CPG inhibited the translocation of NF‑κB into the nucleus. In summary, CPG could inhibit LPS‑induced inflammation, which occurs primarily through the AKT/Iκb/NF‑κB signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Ok Cho
- Department of Food Science, Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju‑si, Jeollabuk‑do 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Shin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju‑si, Jeollabuk‑do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Kang
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju‑si, Jeollabuk‑do 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Park
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju‑si, Jeollabuk‑do 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Suping Hao
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju‑si, Jeollabuk‑do 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju‑si, Jeollabuk‑do 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Il Jang
- Department of Food Science, Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju‑si, Jeollabuk‑do 55069, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lin CY, Kao SH, Hung LC, Chien HJ, Wang WH, Chang YW, Chen YH. Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Nitric Oxide and Prostaglandin E2 Production Is Inhibited by Tellimagrandin II in Mouse and Human Macrophages. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11050411. [PMID: 33946374 PMCID: PMC8146495 DOI: 10.3390/life11050411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis develops from a serious microbial infection that causes the immune system to go into overdrive. The major microorganisms that induce sepsis are Gram-negative bacteria with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in their cell walls. Nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are the key factors involved in the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory process. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of polyphenol Tellimagrandin II (TGII) on anti-inflammatory activity and its underlying basic mechanism in murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 and human monocyte-derived macrophages. Macrophages with more than 90% cell viability were found in the cytotoxicity assay under 50 μM TGII. Pre- or post-treatment with TGII significantly reduced LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) protein and mRNA expression, reducing LPS-induced COX-2 protein. Downstream of NOS2 and COX-2, NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were significantly inhibited by TGII. Upstream of NOS2 and COX-2, phospho-p65, c-fos and phospho-c-jun were also reduced after pre-treatment with TGII. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are also critical to nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) stimulation, and phospho-p38 expression was found to have been blocked by TGII. TGII efficiently reduces LPS-induced NO production and its upstream regulatory factors, suggesting that TGII may be a potential therapeutic agent for sepsis and other inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-J.C.); (W.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shih-Han Kao
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Ling-Chien Hung
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Hsin-Ju Chien
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-J.C.); (W.-H.W.)
| | - Wen-Hung Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-J.C.); (W.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-J.C.); (W.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 5677); Fax: +886-7-322-8547
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bai Y, Su X, Piao L, Jin Z, Jin R. Involvement of Astrocytes and microRNA Dysregulation in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Potential. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:556215. [PMID: 33815055 PMCID: PMC8010124 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.556215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are the most widely distributed and abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a class of diseases with a slow onset, progressive progression, and poor prognosis. Common clinical NDDs include Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington’s disease (HD). Although these diseases have different etiologies, they are all associated with neuronal loss and pathological dysfunction. Accumulating evidence indicates that neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, and toxic metabolites that are produced and released by activated astrocytes affect and regulate the function of neurons at the receptor, ion channel, antigen transfer, and gene transcription levels in the pathogenesis of NDDs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that play a wide range of biological roles by regulating the transcription and post-transcriptional translation of target mRNAs to induce target gene expression and silencing. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs participate in the pathogenesis of NDDs by regulating astrocyte function through different mechanisms and may be potential targets for the treatment of NDDs. Here, we review studies of the role of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of NDDs and discuss possible mechanisms of miRNAs in the regulation of astrocyte function, suggesting that miRNAs may be targeted as a novel approach for the treatment of NDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xing Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianhua Piao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rihua Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yi J, Wang Y, Zhang H, Deng X, Xi J, Li H, Yang N, Ma Z, Wang Y, Chen C. Interferon-Inducible Transmembrane Protein 3-Containing Exosome as a New Carrier for the Cell-to-Cell Transmission of Anti- Brucella Activity. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:642968. [PMID: 33816587 PMCID: PMC8010673 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.642968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that are released from cells and that function in intercellular communication. Recently, interferon-inducible transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) has been identified as a highly effective anti-intracellular pathogen protein that can inhibit the invasion of a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms. However, whether Brucella infection induces secretion of exosomes and whether these exosomes contain IFITM3 protein remain unknown. Here, we focused on the immune function of extracellular IFITM3 protein in the process of Brucella infection. This study is the first to show that Brucella melitensis strain M5 (Brucella M5) can stimulate macrophages to secrete large amounts of exosomes. Most importantly, we identified exosomes from Brucella M5-infected cells that were rich in molecules of IFITM3, and these exosomes could transmit the IFITM3 from one cell to another, thereby effectively inhibiting the intracellular survival of Brucella. Moreover, immunization with exosomes carrying IFITM3 decreased mouse spleen tissue damage and spleen colony forming unit (CFU), leading to the establishment of an anti-Brucella state in mice. In conclusion, our findings provide new insights into the anti-Brucella mechanism of IFITM3-containg exosomes, thus providing a theoretical foundation for systematic elaboration of the mechanisms of Brucella infection and host immunity. The results provide new ideas for the development of candidate vaccines for Brucella.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,Key Laboratory of Control and Prevention of Animal Disease, Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Shihezi, China
| | - Yueli Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jing Xi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Honghuan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Ningning Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Zhongchen Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Chuangfu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen CW, Kuo YC, How CK, Juan CC. Long-term aerobic exercise training-induced anti-inflammatory response and mechanisms: Focusing on the toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2021; 63:250-255. [PMID: 33380609 DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_78_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), which regulate inflammatory reactions, has become a popular research topic in recent years. This article reviews the latest scientific evidence on the regulation of TLR-4 by regular aerobic exercise training. The literature shows that long-term regular aerobic exercise training can effectively attenuate the expression of TLR-4 in immune cells and regulate its downstream intracellular cascade, including the p38 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. This further reduces cytokines secretion by inflammatory cells, which enhances immune system. We consider that the scientific evidence that long-term aerobic exercise training improves the inflammatory response provides a reasonable basis for using aerobic exercise training as a treatment for patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Chen
- College of Human Development and Health, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Kuo
- College of Human Development and Health; Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chorng-Kuang How
- Department of Emergency, Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei; Kinmen Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kinmen, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Juan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wu D, Li S, Liu X, Xu J, Jiang A, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Wang J, Zhou E, Wei Z, Yang Z, Guo C. Alpinetin prevents inflammatory responses in OVA-induced allergic asthma through modulating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and HO-1 signaling pathways in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107073. [PMID: 33039967 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is the most common type of asthma which characterized by inflammatory responses of the airways. Alpinetin, a flavonoid compound derived from the ginger family of medicinal herbs, possesses various biological properties including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and other medical effects. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of alpinetin on OVA-induced allergic asthma, and further to examine its molecular mechanisms underlying these processes in vivo and in vitro. Mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA to build allergic asthma model in vivo. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for inflammatory cells analysis and lung tissues were examined for histopathological examination. The levels of IL-5, IL-13, IL-4, IgE, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were determined by the respective ELISA kits. The PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and HO-1 signaling pathways were examined by western blot analysis. The results showed that alpinetin significantly ameliorated OVA-induced pathologic changes of lungs, such as decreasing massive inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus hypersecretion, and reduced the number of inflammatory cells in BALF. Alpinetin also decreased the OVA-induced levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IgE. Furthermore, alpinetin inhibited OVA-induced phosphorylation of p65, IκB, PI3K and AKT, and the activity of HO-1 in vivo. More importantly, these anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of alpinetin has also been confirmed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro. In conclusion, above results indicate that alpinetin exhibites a potent anti-inflammatory activity in allergic asthma through modulating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and HO-1 signaling pathways, which would be used as a promising therapy agent for allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Shuangqiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Jingnan Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Ershun Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhengkai Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhengtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China; College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Changmin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gu I, Brownmiller C, Stebbins NB, Mauromoustakos A, Howard L, Lee SO. Berry Phenolic and Volatile Extracts Inhibit Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells through Suppression of NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090871. [PMID: 32942640 PMCID: PMC7554842 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Berries are a rich source of phytochemicals, especially phenolics well known for protective activity against many chronic diseases. Berries also contain a complex mixture of volatile compounds that are responsible for the unique aromas of berries. However, there is very limited information on the composition and potential health benefits of berry volatiles. In this study, we isolated phenolic and volatile fractions from six common berries and characterized them by HPLC/HPLC-MS and GC/GC-MS, respectively. Berry phenolic and volatile fractions were evaluated for an anti-inflammatory effect using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells by measuring levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Results showed that LPS-induced excessive production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which were inhibited by berry phenolic and volatile extracts. Moreover, berry phenolic and volatile extracts reduced the nuclear translocation of NF-κB by blocking the phosphorylation of p65 and degradation of IκBα. These findings showed that berry volatiles from six berries had comparable anti-inflammatory effects to berry phenolics through the suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines expression via NF-κB down-regulation, despite being present in the fruit at a lower concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inah Gu
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA; (I.G.); (C.B.); (N.B.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Cindi Brownmiller
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA; (I.G.); (C.B.); (N.B.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Nathan B. Stebbins
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA; (I.G.); (C.B.); (N.B.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Andy Mauromoustakos
- Agricultural Statistics Laboratory, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Luke Howard
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA; (I.G.); (C.B.); (N.B.S.); (L.H.)
| | - Sun-Ok Lee
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA; (I.G.); (C.B.); (N.B.S.); (L.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-479-575-6921
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen LZ, Wu J, Li K, Wu QQ, Chen R, Liu XH, Ruan BF. Novel phthalide derivatives: Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 206:112722. [PMID: 32823004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phthalide is a promising chemical scaffold and has been proved to show potent anti-inflammatory efficacy. In this study, three series, total of 31 novel phthalide derivatives were designed and synthesized, their anti-inflammatory activities were screened in vitro and in vivo. The anti-inflammatory activity of all the compounds were screened on LPS induced NO production to evaluating their inhibitory effects. Structure-activity relationship has been concluded, and finally 3-((4-((4-fluorobenzyl)oxy)phenyl)(hydroxy)methyl)-5,7-dimethoxyisobenzofuran-1 (3H)-one (compound 9o) was found to be the active one with low toxicity, which showed 95.23% inhibitory rate at 10 μM with IC50 value of 0.76 μM against LPS-induced NO over expression. Preliminary mechanism studies indicated that compound 9o activated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway via accumulation ROS and blocks the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity shown that compound 9o had obvious therapeutic effect against the adjuvant-induced rat arthritis model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Kang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Qian Qian Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Xin Hua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China.
| | - Ban Feng Ruan
- Key Lab of Biofabrication of Anhui Higher Education, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Neuroinflammation in CNS diseases: Molecular mechanisms and the therapeutic potential of plant derived bioactive molecules. PHARMANUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
36
|
Sireswar S, Biswas S, Dey G. Adhesion and anti-inflammatory potential of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in a sea buckthorn based beverage matrix. Food Funct 2020; 11:2555-2572. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02249j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A seabuckthorn based beverage matrix retains the functionality of L. rhamnosus GG and exhibits enhanced anti-inflammatory effects against LPS-induced inflammation in zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srijita Sireswar
- School of Biotechnology
- Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology
- Deemed to be University
- Bhubaneswar
- India
| | | | - Gargi Dey
- School of Biotechnology
- Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology
- Deemed to be University
- Bhubaneswar
- India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ma X, Jiang Z, Li N, Jiang W, Gao P, Yang M, Yu X, Wang G, Zhang Y. Ets2 suppresses inflammatory cytokines through MAPK/NF-κB signaling and directly binds to the IL-6 promoter in macrophages. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:10610-10625. [PMID: 31785145 PMCID: PMC6914388 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proper activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated signaling and production of proinflammatory cytokines are critical for the initiation of innate immunity, while the specific mechanism maintaining inflammatory homeostasis remains mostly unknown. Here, we show that Ets2 is upregulated following LPS and VSV stimulation. Ets2 knockdown or knockout leads to increased IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-β production in macrophages. Consistently, Ets2-deficient mice show exacerbated inflammatory cytokine production and are more susceptible to CLP-induced sepsis. Mechanistically, Ets2 inhibits the LPS- and VSV-induced activation of ERK1/2, JNK, p38, and p65. Ets2 also binds to the promoter of IL-6 to inhibit transcription. Collectively, the results of the present study show the negative regulatory role of Ets2 in LPS- and VSV-induced inflammation through the suppression of MAPK/NF-κB signaling, direct binding to the IL-6 promoter and inhibition of transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Ma
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Na Li
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Respiration, Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Cancer Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingjin Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiya Yu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guifang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zheng C, Zhou Y, Huang Y, Chen B, Wu M, Xie Y, Chen X, Sun M, Liu Y, Chen C, Pan J. Effect of ATM on inflammatory response and autophagy in renal tubular epithelial cells in LPS-induced septic AKI. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:4707-4717. [PMID: 31777559 PMCID: PMC6862447 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the role of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced in vitro model of septic acute kidney injury (AKI) and the association between ATM, tubular epithelial inflammatory response and autophagy. The renal tubular epithelial cell HK-2 cell line was cultured and passaged, with HK-2 cell injury induced by LPS. The effects of LPS on HK-2 cell morphology, viability, ATM expression and inflammation were observed. Lentiviral vectors encoding ATM shRNA were constructed to knock down ATM expression in HK-2 cells. The efficiency of ATM knockdown in HK-2 cells was detected by western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). HK-2 cells transfected with the ATM shRNA lentivirus were used for subsequent experiments. Following ATM knockdown, corresponding controls were set up, and the effects of ATM on inflammation and autophagy were detected in HK-2 cells using RT-qPCR, western blotting and ELISA. After LPS stimulation, the HK-2 cells were rounded into a slender or fusiform shape with poorly defined outlines. LPS treatment reduced cell viability in a partly dose-dependent manner. LPS increased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, with the levels reaching its highest value at 10 µg/ml. IL-6 and IL-1β expression increased with increasing LPS concentration. These findings suggest that LPS reduced HK-2 cell viability whilst increasing the expression of inflammatory factors. Following transfection with ATM shRNA, expression levels of key autophagy indicators microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3α I/II ratio and beclin-1 in the two ATM shRNA groups were also significantly reduced compared with the NC shRNA group. In summary, downregulation of ATM expression in HK-2 cells reduced LPS-induced inflammation and autophagy in sepsis-induced AKI in vitro, suggesting that LPS may induce autophagy in HK-2 cells through the ATM pathway leading to the upregulation of inflammatory factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yueyue Huang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Minmin Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yue Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Mei Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Chaosheng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jingye Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
20-Hydroxy-3-Oxolupan-28-Oic Acid Attenuates Inflammatory Responses by Regulating PI3K⁻Akt and MAPKs Signaling Pathways in LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030386. [PMID: 30678231 PMCID: PMC6385096 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
20-Hydroxy-3-oxolupan-28-oic acid (HOA), a lupane-type triterpene, was obtained from the leaves of Mahonia bealei, which is described in the Chinese Pharmacopeia as a remedy for inflammation and related diseases. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of HOA, however, have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanisms of HOA in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. HOA suppressed the release of nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages without affecting cell viability. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis indicated that HOA also suppressed the gene expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), TNF-α, and IL-6. Further analyses demonstrated that HOA inhibited the phosphorylation of upstream signaling molecules, including p85, PDK1, Akt, IκBα, ERK, and JNK, as well as the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65. Interestingly, HOA had no effect on the LPS-induced nuclear translocation of activator protein 1 (AP-1). Taken together, these results suggest that HOA inhibits the production of cytokine by downregulating iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6 gene expression via the downregulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and the inhibition of NF-κB activation. Our findings indicate that HOA could potentially be used as an anti-inflammatory agent for medical use.
Collapse
|
40
|
Melanogenesis Inhibitors from the Rhizoma of Ligusticum Sinense in B16-F10 Melanoma Cells In Vitro and Zebrafish In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123994. [PMID: 30545008 PMCID: PMC6321181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhizoma of Ligusticum sinense, a Chinese medicinal plant, has long been used as a cosmetic for the whitening and hydrating of the skin in ancient China. In order to investigate the antimelanogenic components of the rhizoma of L. sinense, we performed an antimelanogenesis assay-guided purification using semi-preparative HPLC accompanied with spectroscopic analysis to determine the active components. Based on the bioassay-guided method, 24 compounds were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate layer of methanolic extracts of L. sinense, and among these, 5-[3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)allyl]ferulic acid (1) and cis-4-pentylcyclohex-3-ene-1,2-diol (2) were new compounds. All the pure isolates were subjected to antimelanogenesis assay using murine melanoma B16-F10 cells. Compound 1 and (3S,3aR)-neocnidilide (8) exhibited antimelanogenesis activities with IC50 values of 78.9 and 31.1 μM, respectively, without obvious cytotoxicity. Further investigation showed that compound 8 demonstrated significant anti-pigmentation activity on zebrafish embryos (10‒20 μM) compared to arbutin (20 μM), and without any cytotoxicity against normal human epidermal keratinocytes. These findings suggest that (3S,3aR)-neocnidilide (8) is a potent antimelanogenic and non-cytotoxic natural compound and may be developed potentially as a skin-whitening agent for cosmetic uses.
Collapse
|
41
|
Shin JS, Im HT, Lee KT. Saikosaponin B2 Suppresses Inflammatory Responses Through IKK/IκBα/NF-κB Signaling Inactivation in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Inflammation 2018; 42:342-353. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
42
|
Fu W, Zhao J, Liu X, Gao Y, Zheng C. The roles of the TLR/NF‑κB signaling pathway in the mutual interactions between the lung and the large intestine. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1387-1394. [PMID: 29901105 PMCID: PMC6072181 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The 'exterior-interior relationship between the lung and the large intestine' is a classical basic theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the roles of the toll like receptor/nuclear factor‑κB (TLR/NF‑κB) signaling pathway in the mutual interactions between the lung and the large intestine. A rat model of allergic asthma complicated with intestinal flora disorder was established by oral administration of Candida albicans and intraperitoneal injection with ovalbumin. The number of inflammatory cells and expression levels immunoglobulin (Ig)E, secretory IgA, interleukin (IL)‑4 and interferon‑γ in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were subsequently measured. Bacterial colonies and expression of 16S ribosomal DNA were studied in feces samples and pathological alterations of lung tissues were identified. Furthermore, the expression levels of genes associated with the TLR/NF‑κB signaling pathway in the lung and intestinal tissues were determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results of the present study indicated that, in the rat model of allergic asthma complicated with intestinal flora disorder, the expression levels of IL‑4 and IgE, and the numbers of inflammatory cells and C. albicans increased, and marked inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in lung tissues, suggesting that the animal model was successfully established. Furthermore, the present results revealed the mRNA expression levels of genes associated with the TLR/NF‑κB signaling (including myeloid differentiation primary response 88, TNF receptor associated factor 6 and β‑arrestin) were upregulated in both of the lung and intestinal tissues of the model group rats. Collectively, the results demonstrated that the TLR/NF‑κB signaling may serve roles in the mutual interactions between the lung and the large intestine, and TLR and NF‑κB may be potential targets for the treatment of lung diseases complicated with intestinal disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fu
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610075, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ren D, Wang P, Liu C, Wang J, Liu X, Liu J, Min W. Hazelnut protein-derived peptide LDAPGHR shows anti-inflammatory activity on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
44
|
NK-18, a promising antimicrobial peptide: anti-multidrug resistant leukemia cells and LPS neutralizing properties. Biochimie 2018; 147:143-152. [PMID: 29427740 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With the increase of multidrug resistance, novel anti-leukemia agents with diverse mechanisms of action are required to address this challenge. NK-18, the core region of mammalian derived protein NK-lysin, effectively inhibited the viability of both multidrug resistant and sensitive leukemia cell lines. Meanwhile, this proliferation inhibition effect was not distinct between sensitive and multidrug resistant leukemia cell line. NK-18 showed selectivity between non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic cells. It preferentially bound to tumor cells whose outer leaflet with high phosphatidylserine content. NK-18 acted on the multidrug resistant leukemia cell line by a rapid pore formation on the cell membrane, it is not easy for K562/ADM cells developing resistance against NK-18. Furthermore, NK-18 could neutralize lipopolysaccharides by electrostatic attraction and reduce NO production. These research data demonstrated NK-18 possesses great advantage in the multidrug resistant leukemia treatment compared with conventional chemotherapies and it could be a potential candidate for further research.
Collapse
|
45
|
Falcarindiol inhibits LPS-induced inflammation via attenuating MAPK and JAK-STAT signaling pathways in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 445:169-178. [PMID: 29368095 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Falcarindiol (FAD) is a natural polyacetylene compound found rich in many plants of the Umbelliferae family. Previously, we isolated FAD from the rhizome of Cnidium officinale Makino, which belongs to the Umbelliferae family and found it to have a significant inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide, a pro-inflammatory molecule in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. In this study, we investigated its effect on the expression of other major pro-inflammatory molecules as well as the mechanism underlying these effects. Pre-treatment of RAW 264.7 cells with FAD suppressed LPS-stimulated mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and thereby reduced the respective protein levels. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that FAD attenuated the LPS-induced activation of JNK, ERK, STAT1, and STAT3 signaling molecules. Moreover, we found that FAD did not influence LPS-induced activation of p38 and NFκB signaling pathways. Collectively, this study provides evidence that FAD inhibits the production of major pro-inflammatory molecules in LPS-challenged murine macrophages via suppression of JNK, ERK, and STAT signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
46
|
Chang BY, Kim DS, Kim HS, Kim SY. Evaluation of estrogenic potential by herbal formula, HPC 03 for in vitro and in vivo. Reproduction 2018; 155:105-115. [PMID: 29326134 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
HPC 03 is herbal formula that consists of extracts from Angelica gigas, Cnidium officinale Makino and Cinnamomum cassia Presl. The present study evaluated the estrogenic potential of HPC 03 by using in vitro and in vivo models. The regulatory mechanisms of HPC 03 in estrogen-dependent MCF-7 cells were assessed. HPC 03 induced the proliferation of estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 cells, and the proliferation was blocked by the addition of the estrogen antagonist tamoxifen. The estrogen receptorα/β luciferase activities were significantly increased by HPC 03 treatment, which also increased the mRNA expression of the estrogen-responsive genes Psen2, Pgr and Ctsd Also, we evaluated the ameliorative effects of HPC 03 on menopausal symptoms in ovariectomized rats. HPC 03 treatment in OVX rats significantly affected the uterine weight, increased the expression of estrogen-responsive genes Pgr and Psen2 in uterus, increased bone mineral density loss in the femur and inhibited body weight increase. Serum E2, collagen type 1 and osteocalcin were significantly increased, while serum LH, FSH and ALP were decreased compared with OVX rats. HPC 03 may be a promising candidate for the treatment of menopause, but further research is necessary to determine whether the observed effects also occur in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yoon Chang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and DevelopmentCollege of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Dae Sung Kim
- Hanpoong Pharm. Co. LtdJeonju-si, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Hye Soo Kim
- Hanpoong Pharm. Co. LtdJeonju-si, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Sung Yeon Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and DevelopmentCollege of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yang Y, Wang X, Chen G, Zhou W, Zeng X, Hu B, Li Y, Huang Q. SAXS characterization of the interactions among digested food compounds and the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the formed nanocomplexes. Food Funct 2018; 9:3408-3418. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00563j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is applied to investigate the interaction between caseinophosphopeptides (CPP) and chitosan (CS) under simulated gastrointestinal (GI) pH conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingkang Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Department of Food Science
- Rutgers University
- New Brunswick
- USA
| | - Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Wenhua Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose
- Central South University of Forestry and Technology
- Changsha
- China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Bing Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- China
| | - Yunqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Rubber
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Qingrong Huang
- Department of Food Science
- Rutgers University
- New Brunswick
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yu X, Cui L, Hou F, Liu X, Wang Y, Wen Y, Chi C, Li C, Liu R, Yin C. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-angiotensin (1-7)-Mas axis prevents pancreatic acinar cell inflammatory response via inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-κB pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:409-420. [PMID: 29138810 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2-angiotensin‑(Ang)-(1-7)-Mas axis in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis and the association between this axis and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK)/nuclear factor (NF-κB) signaling pathway in pancreatic acinar cells. Mouse pancreatic acinar cancer (MPC-83) cells were stimulated with 10 nM caerulein (CAE) to create an in vitro model of acute pancreatitis, and collected for analysis at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h post stimulation. In addition, cells were pretreated with different concentrations of Ang‑(1‑7), Ang‑(1‑7) antagonist A779, p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 or ACE2 inhibitor DX600 for 30 min, and then stimulated with CAE for 24 h. The ACE2, Mas receptor, p38 MAPK, phosphorylated (p)-p38 MAPK and NF-κB expression levels were evaluated using western blotting and immunofluorescence. p38 MAPK, NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and IL-10 mRNA expression levels were assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results of the immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that ACE2 and p38 MAPK were present mainly in the cytoplasm, while the Mas receptor was located mainly in the cell membrane. ACE2, p38 MAPK and p-p38 MAPK protein levels were significantly increased (P<0.05) following stimulation with CAE compared with those in the control group and peaked at 24 h. Mas receptor protein levels were significantly upregulated (P<0.05) between 6 and 24 h, peaking at 12 h. Ang‑(1‑7) and SB203580 downregulated p-p38 MAPK and NF-κB expression and the mRNA levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α and IL-8, but upregulated the mRNA level of inflammatory factor IL-10 compared with those treated with CAE alone. These results were supported by the opposite outcomes observed for cells treated with A779 or DX600. Therefore, it was concluded that the ACE2-Ang‑(1‑7)-Mas axis significantly inhibits pancreatitis by inhibition of the p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozheng Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
| | - Lijian Cui
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (Jingxi Campus), Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, P.R. China
| | - Fei Hou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoya Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Chi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
| | - Chunyun Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Jain A, Pooladanda V, Bulbake U, Doppalapudi S, Rafeeqi TA, Godugu C, Khan W. Liposphere mediated topical delivery of thymoquinone in the treatment of psoriasis. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
50
|
Xanthotoxin suppresses LPS-induced expression of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 via AP-1, NF-κB, and JAK-STAT inactivation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 49:21-29. [PMID: 28550731 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although xanthotoxin has been reported to possess skin-protective and anti-oxidative properties, its anti-inflammatory capacity has not been studied to date. Therefore, we investigated this role as well as the molecular mechanisms of xanthotoxin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Xanthotoxin inhibited production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by the LPS-induced macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. It also suppressed the LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression at the protein levels and iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6 at the mRNA levels. At a molecular level, the effects were related to xanthotoxin-mediated attenuation of the LPS-induced transcriptional and DNA-binding activity of activator protein-1 (AP-1). This attenuation was associated with decreased phosphorylation of c-Fos, but not c-Jun. Xanthotoxin also displayed a suppressive effect on the transcriptional and DNA-binding activity of nuclear transcription factor kappa-B (NF-κB) by inhibiting p65 nuclear translocation. In addition, xanthotoxin significantly reduced the phosphorylation at signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1, Ser 727 and Tyr 701) and STAT3 (Tyr 705), as well as Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and 2 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Finally, xanthotoxin suppressed the LPS-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Taken together, these results indicate that xanthotoxin decreases NO, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6 production by downregulation of the NF-κB, AP-1, and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages.
Collapse
|