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Turnaturi R, Piana S, Spoto S, Costanzo G, Reina L, Pasquinucci L, Parenti C. From Plant to Chemistry: Sources of Antinociceptive Non-Opioid Active Principles for Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design. Molecules 2024; 29:815. [PMID: 38398566 PMCID: PMC10892999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain is associated with many health problems and a reduced quality of life and has been a common reason for seeking medical attention. Several therapeutics are available on the market, although side effects, physical dependence, and abuse limit their use. As the process of pain transmission and modulation is regulated by different peripheral and central mechanisms and neurotransmitters, medicinal chemistry continues to study novel ligands and innovative approaches. Among them, natural products are known to be a rich source of lead compounds for drug discovery due to their chemical structural variety and different analgesic mechanisms. Numerous studies suggested that some chemicals from medicinal plants could be alternative options for pain relief and management. Previously, we conducted a literature search aimed at identifying natural products interacting either directly or indirectly with opioid receptors. In this review, instead, we have made an excursus including active ingredients derived from plants whose mechanism of action appears from the literature to be other than the modulation of the opioid system. These substances could, either by themselves or through synthetic and/or semi-synthetic derivatives, be investigated in order to improve their pharmacokinetic characteristics and could represent a valid alternative to the opioid approach to pain therapy. They could also be the basis for the study of new mechanisms of action in the approach to this complex and disabling pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Silvia Piana
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Salvatore Spoto
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (C.P.)
| | - Giuliana Costanzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lorena Reina
- Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (C.P.)
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Hu Y, Wang S, Wu L, Yang K, Yang F, Yang J, Hu S, Yao Y, Xia X, Liu Y, Peng L, Wan J, Shen C, Xu T. Puerarin inhibits inflammation and lipid accumulation in alcoholic liver disease through regulating MMP8. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:670-681. [PMID: 37777317 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60399-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a growing global health concern, and its early pathogenesis includes steatosis and steatohepatitis. Inhibiting lipid accumulation and inflammation is a crucial step in relieving ALD. Evidence shows that puerarin (Pue), an isoflavone isolated from Pueraria lobata, exerts cardio-protective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities. However, the therapeutic potential of Pue on ALD remains unknown. In the study, both the NIAAA model and ethanol (EtOH)-induced AML-12 cell were used to explore the protective effect of Pue on alcoholic liver injury in vivo and in vitro and related mechanism. The results showed that Pue (100 mg·kg-1) attenuated EtOH-induced liver injury and inhibited the levels of SREBP-1c, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, compared with silymarin (Sil, 100 mg·kg-1). In vitro results were consistent within vivo results. Mechanistically, Pue might suppress liver lipid accumulation and inflammation by regulating MMP8. In conclusion, Pue might be a promising clinical candidate for ALD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Medical Device Production Supervision Office, Anhui Provincial Drug Administration, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Junfa Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shuang Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xun Xia
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Li Peng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jihong Wan
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chuanpu Shen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Xi C, Zhang M, Li B, Meng X, Xu S, Du H, Wang X, Xu J, Ke H, Cui Y, Qu F. Metabolomics of the anti-inflammatory effect of Pueraria lobata and Pueraria lobata var. Thomsonii in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116144. [PMID: 36649849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi and Pueraria lobata var. Thomsonii (Benth.) Maesen are essential medicinal and edible homologous plants widely cultivated in Asian countries. Therefore, P. lobata and P. thomsonii are widely used in the food, health products and pharmaceutical industries and have significant domestic and international market potential and research value. P. lobata and P. thomsonii have pharmacological effects in the clinic, such as antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. These plants are commonly used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and other related diseases. However, the potential mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effects of P. lobata and P. thomsonii have not been elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to confirm the anti-inflammatory effects of P. lobata and P. thomsonii on inflammatory model diseases and to investigate the mechanism of their anti-inflammatory effects from the perspective of plasma metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, P. lobata and P. thomsonii were identified by high‒performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Second, we established the following three inflammation models: an acute inflammation model of auricular swelling in mice induced by xylene, an acute inflammation model of foot swelling in rats induced by carrageenan gum, and a chronic inflammation model of cotton ball granuloma in rats. Then we examined the weight and swelling rate of auricular swelling in mice; the residence time, contact area, and mean contact pressure in rats on the gait meter; and the weight of granulomas in rats and the content of IL-1β and TNF-α in plasma to investigate the anti-inflammatory pharmacodynamics of P. lobata and P. thomsonii. Third, we used LC‒MS‒based plasma metabolomics techniques to obtain potential biomarkers of P. lobata and P. thomsonii related to inflammation. Then, the potential biomarkers were enriched by MetaboAnalyst and KEGG metabolomics analysis tools to obtain metabolic pathways related to inflammation. Finally, we tested the indicators of COX-2, 5-LOX, GSH, GSSG and γ⁃GCL in rat plasma from the granuloma model by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to verify the inflammation-related metabolic pathway. RESULTS The experimental results showed that P. lobata and P. thomsonii could reduce the swollen weight and swelling rate of the auricle in mice, and could increase the residence time, contact area and mean contact pressure in rats on the gait meter. Moreover, P. lobata and P. thomsonii could inhibit the growth of granulomas and reduce the content of IL-1β and TNF-α in plasma in rats. The above results preliminarily verified that P. lobata and P. thomsonii have different anti-inflammatory effects. We identified eighteen plasma biomarkers associated with P. lobata and sixteen plasma biomarkers related to P. thomsonii in regulating inflammation by a plasma metabolomics analysis. The following two major metabolic pathways were further screened and enriched: arachidonic acid metabolism and glutathione metabolism. Then we noted that P. lobata and P. thomsonii could reduce the COX-2, 5-LOX and GSSG levels and increase the GSH, GSH/GSSG and γ⁃GCL levels based on the ELISA results, which demonstrated that P. lobata and P. thomsonii affect the anti-inflammatory mechanism through arachidonic acid metabolism and glutathione metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study further elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of P. lobata and P. thomsonii, providing a scientific basis for developing new drugs for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases and laying a foundation for the development of herbal resources, such as P. lobata and P. thomsonii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Bingtao Li
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Xiaowei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Shangcheng Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Hong Du
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Jingping Xu
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Hong Ke
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Yanru Cui
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
| | - Fei Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
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Wang Z, Du M, Li J, Shi D, Wang H, Li H, Guo H. Clinical study of Tongdu Shujin decoction in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with cold-dampness obstruction type: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32852. [PMID: 36820580 PMCID: PMC9907976 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has a high incidence, and severe cases can lead to spinal deformity and even joint fusion, which causes a huge burden on patients life, work and psychology. Tongdu Shujin decoction (TDSJ) has a definite effect in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis, so we designed a randomized controlled trial to observe the efficacy of TDSJ in the treatment of AS, and to evaluate its safety. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial, 80 eligible patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a treatment group TDSJ and a control group (celecoxib capsules in combination with thalidomide tablets) for 8 weeks. Visual analogue scale, bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index, bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index, and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores will be used as primary indicators. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, spinal mobility (figure-ground distance, occipital tubercle-wall distance, Schober test) will be used as secondary indicators. Vital signs (respiration, heart rate, body temperature, blood pressure, electrocardiogram), blood routine, urine routine, stool routine, liver function, and renal function will be used as safety indicators. The primary and secondary indicators will be detected at 0th and 8th week, while safety indicators at 0th, 4th, and 8th week. DISCUSSION This study will provide high-quality clinical evidence for the efficacy and safety of TDSJ in the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihua Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingrui Du
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jigao Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongliang Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hejun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongtao Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- * Correspondence: Hongtao Guo, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No.19 Ren-min Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China (e-mail: )
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Shal B, Amanat S, Khan AU, Lee YJ, Ali H, Din FU, Park Y, Khan S. Potential applications of PEGylated green gold nanoparticles in cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 50:130-146. [PMID: 35620802 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2022.2078340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of green tea extract PEGylated gold nanoparticles (P-AuNPs) making use of its targeted and sustained drug delivery against cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis. AuNPs were synthesized by reduction reaction of gold salts with green tea extract following the concept of green synthesis. Mostly spherical-shaped P-AuNPs were synthesized with an average size of 14.3 ± 3.3 nm. Pre-treatment with P-AuNPs (1, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) before CYP (150 mg/kg, i.p.) challenge suggested its uroprotective properties. P-AuNPs significantly reversed all pain-like behaviours and toxicities produced by CYP resulting in a decreased aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, and creatinine level. P-AuNPs increased anti-oxidant system by increasing the level of reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase and superoxide dismutase, and reduced nitric oxide production in bladder tissue. Additionally, it attenuated hypokalaemia and hyponatremia, along with a decrease in Evans blue content in bladder tissue and peritoneal cavity. CYP-induced bladder tissue damage observed by macroscopic and histological findings were remarkably attenuated by P-AuNPs, along with reduced fibrosis of collagen fibre in bladder smooth muscles shown by Masson's trichrome staining. Additionally, alterations in hematological parameters and clinical scoring were also prevented by P-AuNPs suggesting its uroprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Shal
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Faculty of Health Sciences, IQRA University, Islamabad Campus, (Chak Shahzad), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Safa Amanat
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf Ullah Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - You Jeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Ud Din
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Youmie Park
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Salman Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Hassan SSU, Abbas SQ, Muhammad I, Wu JJ, Yan SK, Ali F, Majid M, Jin HZ, Bungau S. Metals-triggered compound CDPDP exhibits anti-arthritic behavior by downregulating the inflammatory cytokines, and modulating the oxidative storm in mice models with extensive ADMET, docking and simulation studies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1053744. [PMID: 36506587 PMCID: PMC9727203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1053744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triggering through abiotic stress, including chemical triggers like heavy metals, is a new technique for drug discovery. In this research, the effect of heavy metal Nickel on actinobacteria Streptomyces sp. SH-1327 to obtain a stress-derived compound was firstly investigated. A new compound cyclo-(D)-Pro-(D)-Phe (CDPDP) was triggered from the actinobacteria strain SH-1327 with the addition of nickel ions 1 mM. The stress compound was further evaluated for its anti-oxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity against rheumatoid arthritis through in-vitro and in-vivo assays in albino mice. A remarkable in-vitro anti-oxidant potential of CDPDP was recorded with the IC50 value of 30.06 ± 5.11 μg/ml in DPPH, IC50 of 18.98 ± 2.91 against NO free radicals, the IC50 value of 27.15 ± 3.12 against scavenging ability and IC50 value of 28.40 ± 3.14 μg/ml for iron chelation capacity. Downregulation of pro-inflammatory mediators (NO and MDA), suppressed levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-Iβ) and upregulation of expressions of anti-oxidant enzymes (GSH, catalase, and GST) unveiled its anti-inflammatory potential. CDPDP was analyzed in human chondrocyte cell line CHON-001 and the results demonstrated that CDPDP significantly increased cell survival, and inhibited apoptosis of IL-1β treated chondrocytes and IL-1β induced matrix degrading markers. In addition, to evaluate the mitochondrial fitness of CHON-001 cells, CDPDP significantly upregulated pgc1-α, the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, indicating that CDPDP provides protective effects in CHON-001 cells. The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profile of the CDPDP showed that CDPDP is safe in cases of hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and cytochrome inhibition. Furthermore, docking results showed good binding of CDPDP with IL-6-17.4 kcal/mol, and the simulation studies proved the stability between ligand and protein. Therefore, the findings of the current study prospect CDPDP as a potent anti-oxidant and a plausible anti-arthritic agent with a strong pharmacokinetic and pharmacological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Syed Qamar Abbas
- Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Muhammad
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Kai Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fawad Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Majid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Muhammad Majid, ; Hui-Zi Jin,
| | - Hui-Zi Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Muhammad Majid, ; Hui-Zi Jin,
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Wan X, Wu W, Zang Z, Li K, Naeem A, Zhu Y, Chen L, Zhong L, Zhu W, Guan Y. Investigation of the potential curative effects of Gui-Zhi-Jia-Ge-Gen decoction on wind-cold type of common cold using multidimensional analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115662. [PMID: 36031102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gui-Zhi-Jia-Ge-Gen decoction (GJGD) is a classical Chinese medicine prescription that has been widely used in clinical practice for centuries. In recent times, TCM has received considerable attention for its potential efficacy in treating a wind-cold type of common cold. However, the effect of the Gui-Zhi-Jia-Ge-Gen decoction on the wind-cold type of common cold is still not fully understood, which presents challenges for both quality control, research and development. Furthermore, the identification of potential pharmacodynamic ingredients (PPIs) is important for developing quality control procedures for industrial and large-scale production. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the potential curative effect of Gui-Zhi-Jia-Ge-Gen decoction on wind-type of common cold using multidimensional qualitative analysis that combined water-decoction spectrums, in vivo plasma spectrums, and molecular docking to identify key constituents of GJGD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Water-based GJGDs were formulated according to the clinical usage documented in ancient medical texts. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was combined with computer-aided modeling screening to identify GJGD PPIs in rats following oral administration. Molecular docking experiments were carried out to predict the binding affinity of the PPIs to tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Finally, the active ingredients of GJGD were further validated through pharmacodynamic experiments by assessing their efficacy in treating a wind-cold type of common cold in rats. RESULTS A total of 61 compounds were identified in the GJGD, 8 of which were detected in rat blood samples, providing stronger evidence for PPIs. Molecular docking also confirmed that these 8 compounds had a better affinity for TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. In animal studies, various doses of the GJGD groups and the positive control groups caused significant elevations (P < 0.05) in the levels of white blood cell count and lymphocyte ratio and caused a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the monocyte ratio and neutrophilic granulocyte ratio compared to the model group. Organ indexes of the GJGD treated groups were higher than the model group (P < 0.05). Significant neutrophil infiltration, hemorrhage, compensatory vacuole, and interstitium proliferation were observed in the lung tissue of the model group. However, the lung tissues of the various dose groups that received GJGD showed a near normal appearance, except for slight thickening, interstitium proliferation, and compensatory vacuole in some areas. The GJGD was found to be effective against a cold-wind type of common cold, which is in accordance with molecular docking studies suggesting that GJGD may be effective against a cold-wind type of common cold. Finally, based on multidimensional analysis, 8 potential compounds in GJGD were identified as PPIs (puerarin, 3'-hydroxy puerarin, 3'- methoxy puerarin, daidzin, cinnamic acid, paeoniflorin, liquiritin, and glycyrrhizic acid). CONCLUSION The present study combined water decoction spectral analysis, molecular docking, and in vivo blood plasma spectrum analysis to develop a multidimensional qualitative approach for the development of GJGD and to assess its effectiveness in a wind type of common cold in Sprague Dawley rats. Meanwhile, 8 compounds in the GJGD were identified as PPIs in this study, which may be useful in developing quality standards for complex TCM prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenting Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Kang Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Yulu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Lingyun Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China.
| | - Yongmei Guan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 330004, Nanchang, China.
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Zhang J, Wang Z, Liao M, Li S, Feng Q, Cao X. Curcumin-laden amphiphilic chitosan microemulsion with enhanced transdermal delivery, skin compatibility and anti-arthritic activity. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wang D, Bu T, Li Y, He Y, Yang F, Zou L. Pharmacological Activity, Pharmacokinetics, and Clinical Research Progress of Puerarin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2121. [PMID: 36358493 PMCID: PMC9686758 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As a kind of medicine and food homologous plant, kudzu root (Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi) is called an "official medicine" in Chinese folk medicine. Puerarin is the main active component extracted from kudzu root, and its structural formula is 8-β-D-grapes pyranose-4, 7-dihydroxy isoflavone, with a white needle crystal; it is slightly soluble in water, and its aqueous solution is colorless or light yellow. Puerarin is a natural antioxidant with high health value and has a series of biological activities such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-tumor effects, immunity improvement, and cardio-cerebrovascular and nerve cell protection. In particular, for the past few years, it has also been extensively used in clinical study. This review focuses on the antioxidant activity of puerarin, the therapy of diverse types of inflammatory diseases, various new drug delivery systems of puerarin, the "structure-activity relationship" of puerarin and its derivatives, and pharmacokinetic and clinical studies, which can provide a new perspective for the puerarin-related drug research and development, clinical application, and further development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tong Bu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yangqian Li
- Asset and Laboratory Management Department, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yueyue He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Academic Affairs Office, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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Khan A, Khan A, Shal B, Aziz A, Ahmad S, Amin MU, Ahmed MN, Zia-Ur-Rehman, Khan S. Ameliorative effect of two structurally divergent hydrazide derivatives against DSS-induced colitis by targeting Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling in mice. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:1167-1188. [PMID: 35851927 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02272-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The environmental factors and genetic vulnerability trigger the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Furthermore, the oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the aggravation of the IBDs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of N-(benzylidene)-2-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)benzohydrazides (NCHDH and NTHDH) compounds against the DSS-induced colitis in mice. The colitis was induced by 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) dissolved in normal saline for 5 days. The effect of the NCHDH and NTHDH on the behavioral, biochemical, histological, and immunohistological parameters was assessed. The NCHDH and NTHDH treatment improved the behavioral parameters such as food intake, disease activity index, and diarrhea score significantly compared to DSS control. The NCHDH and NTHDH treatments significantly increased the antioxidant enzymes, whereas oxidative stress markers were markedly reduced. Similarly, the NCHDH and NTHDH treatments significantly suppressed the activity of nitric oxide (NO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO). The histological studies showed a significant reduction in inflammation, immune cell infiltration, and fibrosis in the NCHDH- and NTHDH-treated groups. The immunohistochemical results demonstrated that NCHDH and NTHDH treatments markedly increase the expression level of Nrf2, HO-1 (hemeoxygenase-1), TRX (thioredoxin reductase), and IκB compared to the DSS-induced group. In the same way, the NCHDH and NTHDH significantly reduced the NF-κB and COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) expression levels. The NCHDH and NTHDH treatment significantly improved the symptoms associated with colitis via inducing antioxidants and attenuating oxidative stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashrafullah Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, 25000, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Shal
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Amin
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, 25000, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Basit A, Shutian T, Khan A, Khan SM, Shahzad R, Khan A, Khan S, Khan M. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of leaf extract of Justicia adhatoda L. (Acanthaceae) in Carrageenan and Formalin-induced models by targeting oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Zeng S, Li Y, Zhu W, Luo Z, Wu K, Li X, Fang Y, Qin Y, Chen W, Li Z, Zou L, Liu X, Yi L, Fan S. The Advances of Broad-Spectrum and Hot Anti-Coronavirus Drugs. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071294. [PMID: 35889013 PMCID: PMC9317368 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses, mainly including severe acute respiratory syndrome virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Middle East respiratory syndrome virus, human coronavirus OC43, chicken infectious bronchitis virus, porcine infectious gastroenteritis virus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, and murine hepatitis virus, can cause severe diseases in humans and livestock. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is infecting millions of human beings with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the multiplicity of swine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus in swine suggests that coronaviruses seriously jeopardize the safety of public health and that therapeutic intervention is urgently needed. Currently, the most effective methods of prevention and control for coronaviruses are vaccine immunization and pharmacotherapy. However, the emergence of mutated viruses reduces the effectiveness of vaccines. In addition, vaccine developments often lag behind, making it difficult to put them into use early in the outbreak. Therefore, it is meaningful to screen safe, cheap, and broad-spectrum antiviral agents for coronaviruses. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms and state of anti-human and porcine coronavirus drugs, in order to provide theoretical support for the development of anti-coronavirus drugs and other antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuwan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zipeng Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Keke Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yiqi Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuwei Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenxian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhaoyao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Linke Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaodi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (L.Y.); (S.F.); Fax: +86-20-8528-0245 (S.F.)
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.); (Z.L.); (K.W.); (X.L.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (W.C.); (Z.L.); (L.Z.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (L.Y.); (S.F.); Fax: +86-20-8528-0245 (S.F.)
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Prostaglandin D2 Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury through the Modulation of Inflammation and Macrophage Polarization. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12126076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a well-known respiratory disease and a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite advancements in the medical field, developing complete treatment strategies against this disease is still a challenge. In the current study, the therapeutic role of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) was investigated on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in mice models and RAW264.7 macrophages through anti-inflammatory, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL staining. The overproduction of cytokines by RAW264.7 macrophages was observed after stimulation with LPS. However, pretreatment with PGD2 decreased the production of cytokines. The level of inflammatory markers was significantly restored in the PGD2 treatment group (TNF-α = 58.6 vs. 78.5 pg/mL; IL-1β = 29.3 vs. 36.6 pg/mL; IL-6 = 75.4 vs. 98.2 pg/mL; and CRP = 0.84 vs. 1.14 ng/mL). The wet/dry weight ratio of the lungs was quite significant in the disease control (LPS-only treatment) group. Moreover, the histological changes as determined by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining clearly showed that PGD2 treatment maintains the lung tissue architecture. The iNOS expression pattern was increased in lung tissues of LPS-treated animals, whereas, in mice treated with PGD2, the expression of iNOS protein decreased. Flow cytometry data demonstrated that LPS intoxication enhanced apoptosis, which significantly decreased with PGD2 treatment. In conclusion, all these observations indicate that PGD2 provides an anti-inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophages and in ALI, and they suggest a therapeutic potential in lung pathogenesis.
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Pharmacological mechanism of xanthoangelol underlying Nrf-2/TRPV1 and anti-apoptotic pathway against scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113073. [PMID: 35658216 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a well-known type of age-related dementia. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of xanthoangelol against memory deficit and neurodegeneration associated with AD. Preliminarily, xanthoangelol produced neuroprotective effect against H2O2-induced HT-22 cells. Furthermore, effect of xanthoangelol against scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice was determined by intraperitoneally (i.p.) administering xanthoangelol (1, 10 and 20 mg/kg), 30 min prior to induction. Mice were administered scopolamine at a concentration of 1 mg/kg; i.p. for the induction of amnesia associated with AD. Xanthoangelol dose dependently reduced the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease as observed by the results obtained from the behavioral analysis performed using Morris water maze and Y-maze test. The immunohistochemical analysis suggested that xanthoangelol significantly improved Keap-1/Nrf-2 signaling pathway. It greatly reduced the effects of oxidative stress and showed improvement in the anti-oxidant enzyme such as GSH, GST, SOD and catalase. Additionally, xanthoangelol decreased the expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV-1), a nonselective cation channel, involved in synaptic plasticity and memory. It activated the anti-oxidants and attenuated the apoptotic (Bax/Bcl-2) pathway. Xanthoangelol also significantly attenuated the scopolamine-induced neuroinflammation by the inhibition of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels. The histological analysis, showed a significant reduction in amyloid plaques by xanthoangelol. Therefore, the present study indicated that xanthoangelol has the ability to ameliorate the AD symptoms by attenuating neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration induced by scopolamine.
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Ullah H, Khan A, Bibi T, Ahmad S, Shehzad O, Ali H, Seo EK, Khan S. Comprehensive in vivo and in silico approaches to explore the hepatoprotective activity of poncirin against paracetamol toxicity. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:195-215. [PMID: 34994820 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, poncirin was evaluated against paracetamol-induced liver injury using in vivo and computational approaches. Paracetamol was administered intraperitoneally (i.p,) to establish liver injury in mice and, subsequently, to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of poncirin (administered intraperitoneally) on liver injury. The effect of poncirin was evaluated against the liver injury markers and inflammatory cytokines. Similarly, in the present study, the antioxidants and oxidative stress parameters were also assessed following paracetamol-induced liver injury. The histological studies following liver injury were also assessed using H and E staining, Masson's trichrome staining, and periodic acid-Schiff staining. Similarly, the computational approach was used to assess the pharmacokinetic parameters of poncirin and its interaction with various protein targets. Poncirin markedly improved the antioxidant enzymes while attenuated the oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cytokines. Poncirin also markedly improved hematological parameters. Furthermore, poncirin treatment significantly improved the histological parameters using H and E staining, Masson's trichrome, and PAS staining compared to the control. Poncirin treatment also improved the liver function tests and liver synthetic activity compared to paracetamol treated group. The immunohistochemistry analysis revealed significant decrease in the inflammatory signaling protein such as nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression level compared to the paracetamol treated group. Computational analysis (molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation) showed significant binding affinity of poncirin with the NF-κB, JNK, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α via multiple hydrophilic and hydrophobic binds. Similarly, the SwissADME software revealed that poncirin follows various drug-likeness rules and exhibited better pharmacokinetic parameters. Poncirin improved the sign and symptoms associated with liver injury using both in vivo and computational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadayat Ullah
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ashrafullah Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Abasyn University, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Tehmina Bibi
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Omer Shehzad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, KPK, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Eun Kyoung Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Salman Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Development of an intelligent, stimuli-responsive transdermal system for efficient delivery of Ibuprofen against rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Pharm 2021; 610:121242. [PMID: 34737113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to fabricate and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of pH-responsive Ibuprofen (IB) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded transdermal hydrogel against rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The IB loaded Eudragit® L 100 (EL 100) nanoparticles were formulated through a modified nanoprecipitation technique and optimized using central composite design software. The optimized NPs were loaded into Carbopol® 934-based hydrogel by solvent evaporation method and were analyzed for physicochemical characteristics. The mean particle size of the prepared NPs was 48 nm with an entrapment efficiency of 90%. The transdermal hydrogel showed a pH-responsive sustained drug release and high penetration through the skin. Moreover, the prepared nanocarrier system exhibited therapeutic efficacy at inflamed joints' sites both in acute and chronic RA mice model. The therapeutic efficacy of the prepared formulation was confirmed through the results of various behavioral, biochemical, and cytokines-based assays. Similarly, the assessment of histopathological and radiological images, as well as the skin irritation studies further strengthens the potential use of the prepared formulation through the transdermal route. The current findings suggested that IB loaded pH-responsive NPs based transdermal hydrogel can be used as an efficient agent to manage RA.
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Naveed M, Ullah R, Khan A, Shal B, Khan AU, Khan SZ, Rehman ZU, Khan S. Anti-neuropathic pain activity of a cationic palladium (II) dithiocarbamate by suppressing the inflammatory mediators in paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain model. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7647-7656. [PMID: 34734371 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is a chronic pain state that negatively impacts the quality of life. Currently, available therapies for the treatment of neuropathic pain often lack efficacy and tolerability. Therefore, the search for novel drugs is crucial to obtain treatments that effectively suppress neuropathic pain. OBJECTIVES The present study was undertaken to investigate the antinociceptive properties of (1,4-bis-(diphenylphosphino) butane) palladium (II) chloride monohydrate (Compound 1) in a paclitaxel (PTX)-induced neuropathic pain model. METHODS Initially, behavioral tests such as mechanical and cold allodynia as well as thermal and tail immersion hyperalgesia were performed to investigate the antinociceptive potential of Compound 1 (5 and 10 mg/kg, b.w). RT-PCR was performed to determine the effect of Compound 1 on the mRNA expression level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. In addition, antioxidant protein, nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also determined. RESULTS The results demonstrated that once-daily dosing of Compound 1 significantly suppressed the PTX-induced behavioral pain responses dose-dependently. The mRNA gene expressions of iNOS, COX-2, and inflammatory cytokines were markedly reduced by Compound 1. Furthermore, it enhanced the level of antioxidant enzymes and lowered the level of MDA and NO production. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the antinociceptive potential of Compound 1 in the PTX-induced neuropathic pain model is via suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, Compound 1 might be a potential candidate for the therapeutic management of PTX induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rahim Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Shal
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf Ullah Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahan Zeb Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, KPK, Bannu, 28100, Pakistan
| | - Zia Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Salman Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Zhang YZ, Wang MM, Wang SY, Wang XF, Yang WJ, Zhao YN, Han FT, Zhang Y, Gu N, Wang CL. Novel Cyclic Endomorphin Analogues with Multiple Modifications and Oligoarginine Vector Exhibit Potent Antinociception with Reduced Opioid-like Side Effects. J Med Chem 2021; 64:16801-16819. [PMID: 34781680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Endomorphins (EMs) are potent pharmaceuticals for the treatment of pain. Herein, we investigated several novel EM analogues with multiple modifications and oligoarginine conjugation. Our results showed that analogues 1-6 behaved as potent μ-opioid agonists and enhanced stability and lipophilicity. Analogues 5 and 6 administered centrally and peripherally induced significant and prolonged antinociceptive effects in acute pain. Both analogues also produced long-acting antiallodynic effects against neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Furthermore, they showed a reduced acute antinociceptive tolerance. Analogue 6 decreased the extent of chronic antinociceptive tolerance, and analogue 5 exhibited no tolerance at the supraspinal level. Particularly, they displayed nontolerance-forming antinociception at the peripheral level. In addition, analogues 5 and 6 exhibited reduced or no opioid-like side effects on gastrointestinal transit, conditioned place preference (CPP), and motor impairment. The present investigation established that multiple modifications and oligoarginine-vector conjugation of EMs would be helpful in developing novel analgesics with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhe Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Si-Yu Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Wang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Wen-Jiao Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Feng-Tong Han
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chang-Lin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China.,Stake Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Wan XM, Chen J, Wang M, Zheng C, Zhou XL. Puerarin attenuates cadmium-induced hepatic lipid metabolism disorder by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation in mice. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 222:111521. [PMID: 34171769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant with known toxic effects on the liver. Puerarin (PU), a natural flavonoid, has been shown to exert protective effect in numerous pathological processes. However, whether PU affords protection in Cd-induced liver damage is still equivocal. Therefore, 40 mice were treated with Cd and/or PU by gavage for 9 weeks, then the serum and liver samples were collected to verify this issue. In this study, Cd exposure triggered hepatic lipid metabolism disorders and resultant liver damage as evidenced by Oil Red O staining and total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in serum and liver, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in serum, and histopathology, which were significantly improved by PU. Moreover, PU also normalized the expression of Cd-disturbed lipid metabolism-related proteins to improve lipid accumulation, contributing to the alleviation of liver injury. Moreover, Cd-decreased antioxidative indices superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) as well as glutathione (GSH) in hepatic tissues were significantly attenuated by PU administration, while Cd-elevated hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were markedly down-regulated by PU treatment, demonstrating the antioxidant effect of PU against Cd exposure. In addition, PU supplementation increased the anti-inflammatory potential, and normalized the levels of proinflammatory cytokines during Cd exposure. In conclusion, these observations demonstrate that PU treatment decreases oxidative stress and inflammation response, which may contribute to prevent Cd-induced lipid metabolism disorder and consequent liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei Wan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072,China
| | - Jing Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072,China
| | - Min Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072,China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Xue-Lei Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072,China.
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Younas, Khan A, Shehzad O, Seo EK, Onder A, Khan S. Anti-allergic activities of Umbelliferone against histamine- and Picryl chloride-induced ear edema by targeting Nrf2/iNOS signaling in mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:215. [PMID: 34452623 PMCID: PMC8394045 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03384-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study was aimed to investigate the anti-allergic activities of the Umbelliferone (UMB) against the acute Histamine and chronic Picryl chloride (PiCl)-induced allergy in mice. UMB is a coumarin derivative (isolated from Angelica decursiva) found in various parts of the plants such as flowers, roots and, stems isolated from the plants of Umbelliferae family. METHODS The UMB (1, 10, 50 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p) half an h before or 2 h after the induction of allergic ear edema. The acute ear edema was induced by histamine (intradermally, i.d), while the chronic ear edema was induced by painting the PiCl (sensitized with the toluene) on the ear. The antioxidants and oxidative stress markers were assessed. The histological changes were assessed using Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and giemsa staining. The immunohistochemistry studies were performed to assess the expression of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA tests followed by Tukey's test with p < 0.05 was chosen as criteria for statistical significance. RESULTS UMB treatment markedly reduced the allergic ear edema and ear weight compared to the negative control. Furthermore, the UMB attenuated the oxidative stress markers, while induced the antioxidants enzymes. Similarly, the UMB treatment significantly attenuated the serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) level. The UMB treatment markedly improved the histological parameters using H and E staining and Giemsa staining. The UMB administration induced the Nrf2 expression, while attenuated the iNOS expression. Furthermore, the computational analysis was performed to assess the interaction of the UMB with the various protein targets and to determine the mechanism of interaction with the target proteins. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the UMB treatment significantly alleviated the allergic symptoms, attenuating the oxidative stress, improved the histological features using in vivo and computational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younas
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ashrafullah Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Omer Shehzad
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Eun Kyoung Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| | - Alev Onder
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salman Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Du K, Wu W, Feng X, Ke J, Xie H, Chen Y. Puerarin Attenuates Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Trigeminal Neuralgia and Inflammation in a Mouse Model via Sirt1-Mediated TGF-β1/Smad3 Inhibition. J Pain Res 2021; 14:2469-2479. [PMID: 34421312 PMCID: PMC8373046 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s323588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Puerarin, an active compound of radix puerariae, is a major compound used in Chinese herbal medicines and it has been well known for its pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, neuroprotective and cardioprotective properties. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of puerarin (Pue) in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and the effects of this compound on Sirt1 activity and on the progression of CFA-induced TN. Methods Mice were injected with CFA on the unilateral face to induce TN. A cell model of inflammation-associated TN was established by interleukin-1β (IL-1β; 10 ng/mL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; 50 ng/mL) stimulation of neurons. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and Western blot analyses were performed to analyze mRNA and protein expression levels in trigeminal ganglion and nerve cells. Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to determine nerve cell apoptosis following IL-1β/TNF-α or Pue treatment. Results Pue is a conceivable Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) activator used for the prevention of trigeminal nerve injury that attenuates CFA-induced TN and inflammatory cytokine-evoked overactivation of neuronal inflammation and apoptosis. Treatment of mice with inflammatory cytokines induced upregulation of cleaved caspase-3 protein expression, which was neutralized by Pue supplementation. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments led to the conclusion that Pue modulated Sirt1 activation and repressed transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) protein expression and drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic homolog3 (Smad3) phosphorylation in order to exert neuroprotection. Conclusion The findings suggested that Pue functioned as a potential Sirt1 activator to improve neuroinflammation-induced TN and neuronal apoptosis via the suppression of TGF-β1/Smad3 activity. The pharmacological activity of Pue provides a new perspective for the effective prevention and treatment of TN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kairong Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Jianjuan Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Hengtao Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, Peoples Republic of China
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Khan AU, Khan A, Khan A, Shal B, Aziz A, Ahmed MN, Islam SU, Ali H, Shehzad A, Khan S. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling and HSP70/HSP90 proteins by newly synthesized hydrazide derivatives in arthritis model. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:1497-1519. [PMID: 33713158 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, the N-benzylidene-4-((2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-yl) diazenyl) hydrazides (NCHDH and NTHDH) were evaluated against the Carrageenan- and CFA-induced models. During the preliminary investigation, the NCHDH and NTHDH treatment showed marked anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity against the Carrageenan-induced acute model. Once the anti-inflammatory activity was established against acute Carrageenan model, the NCHDH and NTHDH were evaluated against the chronic CFA-induced arthritis model. The NCHDH and NTHDH treatment markedly attenuated the inflammatory and analgesic parameters compared to CFA-treated group. Furthermore, the increase in the oxidative stress and attenuation of antioxidant enzymes has been reported following CFA administration. However, NCHDH and NTHDH treatment significantly induced the antioxidants and attenuated the oxidative stress markers. The CFA administration showed marked tailing of DNA; however, the NCHDH- and NTHDH-treated group preserved DNA integrity. Furthermore, the histological studies showed marked alteration in the CFA-treated group; however, the NCHDH and NTHDH treatment markedly improved the histological features. The Western blot, immunohistology, and ELISA assay revealed marked increase in the Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK), TNF-α, and COX-2 levels; however, the NCHDH and NTHDH attenuated their expressions significantly. Similarly, the NCHDH and NTHDH significantly induced the mRNA expression levels of heat shock proteins. The computational analysis showed significant binding interaction with various protein targets via multiple hydrogens, and hydrophobic bonds. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study was also performed to assess the various pharmacokinetic parameters. In conclusion, the NCHDH and NTHDH treatment showed significant anti-arthritic activity against Carrageenan and CFA models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Ullah Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Shal
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Salman Ul Islam
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hussain Ali
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Sana E, Zeeshan M, Ain QU, Khan AU, Hussain I, Khan S, Lepeltier E, Ali H. Topical delivery of curcumin-loaded transfersomes gel ameliorated rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting NF-κβ pathway. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:819-837. [PMID: 33900118 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To fabricate and evaluate curcumin-loaded transfersomes (Cur-TF) for the targeted delivery and enhanced therapeutic efficacy of curcumin for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Modified thin-film hydration method was used to prepare Cur-TF which were then embedded into carbopol-934 gel. They were further evaluated through in vitro techniques and in an in vivo arthritis model. Results: Cur-TF had optimal particle size, spherical morphology, high encapsulation efficiency and sustained drug release profiles. The Cur-TF gel had better in vitro skin penetration than plain curcumin. In vivo findings demonstrated improved clinical, histological and x-ray scores and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines through NF-κβ inhibition. Conclusion: Cur-TF gel delivered curcumin to the arthritic dermal tissue through a topical route and demonstrated promising therapeutic efficacy by significantly alleviating complete Freud's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleesha Sana
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mahira Zeeshan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Qurat Ul Ain
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science & Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore Cantt 54792, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | | | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Zhou YQ, Mei W, Tian XB, Tian YK, Liu DQ, Ye DW. The therapeutic potential of Nrf2 inducers in chronic pain: Evidence from preclinical studies. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 225:107846. [PMID: 33819559 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain remains an enormous health problem affecting approximatively 30% of the world's population. Opioids as the first line analgesics often leads to undesirable side effects when used long term. Therefore, novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed to the development of more efficacious analgesics. Substantial evidence indicates that excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) are extremely important to the development of chronic pain. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a master transcription factor regulating endogenous antioxidant defense. Emerging evidence suggests that Nrf2 and its downstream effectors are implicated in chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Notably, controversial results have been reported regarding the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream targets in peripheral and central regions involved in pain transmission. However, our recent studies and results from other laboratories demonstrate that Nrf2 inducers exert potent analgesic effects in various murine models of chronic pain. In this review, we summarized and discussed the preclinical evidence demonstrating the therapeutic potential of Nrf2 inducers in chronic pain. These evidence indicates that Nrf2 activation are beneficial in chronic pain mostly by alleviating ROS-associated pathological processes. Overall, Nrf2-based therapy for chronic pain is an area with great promise, but more research regarding its detailed mechanisms is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xue-Bi Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu-Ke Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dai-Qiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Da-Wei Ye
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University; Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030032, China; Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Puerarin enhances intestinal function in piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6552. [PMID: 33753826 PMCID: PMC7985190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85880-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerarin has been reported to be an excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent, but the potential effect of puerarin on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is unclear. This study aimed to determine whether puerarin could alleviate intestinal injury in piglets infected with PEDV. A PEDV (Yunnan province strain) infection model was applied to 7-day-old piglets at 104.5 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infectious dose). Piglets were orally administered with puerarin at the dosage of 0.5 mg/kg body weight from day 5 to day 9. On day 9 of the trial, piglets were inoculated orally with PEDV. Three days later, jugular vein blood and intestinal samples were collected. Results showed puerarin reduced morbidity of piglets infected with PEDV. In addition, puerarin reduced the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, the ratio of serum aspartate aminotransferase to serum alanine aminotransferase, the number of white blood cells and neutrophils, and the plasma concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as protein abundances of heat shock protein-70 in PEDV-infected piglets. Moreover, puerarin increased D-xylose concentration but decreased intestinal fatty acid-binding protein concentration and diamine oxidase activity in the plasma of piglets infected with PEDV. Puerarin increased the activities of total superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, while decreasing the activities of myeloperoxidase and concentration of hydrogen peroxide in both the intestine and plasma of PEDV-infected piglets. Puerarin decreased mRNA levels of glutathione S-transferase omega 2 but increased the levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. Furthermore, puerarin increased the abundance of total eubacteria (16S rRNA), Enterococcus genus, Lactobacillus genus and Enterobacteriaceae family in the intestine, but reduced the abundance of Clostridium coccoides in the caecum. These data indicate puerarin improved intestinal function in piglets infected by PEDV and may be a promising supplement for the prevention of PEDV infection.
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Chen X, Huang C, Sun H, Hong H, Jin J, Bei C, Lu Z, Zhang X. Puerarin suppresses inflammation and ECM degradation through Nrf2/HO-1 axis in chondrocytes and alleviates pain symptom in osteoarthritic mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:2075-2089. [PMID: 33543180 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03076g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disorder with no effective drugs. Puerarin is a dietary supplement that has wide-ranging pharmacological effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Puerarin on OA. The effects of Puerarin on apoptosis, extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism, and inflammation-related factors were assessed; also, the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and Nrf2/HO-1 (nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2/heme oxygenase-1) axis were evaluated to elucidate the working mechanism of Puerarin. Mice were fed with Puerarin to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Puerarin on Osteoarthritis in vivo. The results showed that Puerarin suppressed inflammatory mediators and apoptosis induced by IL-1β treatment in chondrocytes, it may also suppress ECM degradation in IL-1β treated chondrocytes. The mechanism study revealed that Nrf2/HO-1 pathway is involved in Puerarin induced inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway. Finally, in vivo study demonstrated that Puerarin could postpone the progression of OA in mice and relieve the symptoms of pain. In conclusion, Puerarin may potentially alleviate OA progression, and the mechanism may relate to the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximiao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. and Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi Province, China. and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chongan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China and The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haiqiu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haofeng Hong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. and The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China and The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chaoyong Bei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi Province, China.
| | - Zhongqiu Lu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China and The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China and Chinese Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine Society, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Ur Rehman F, Mazhar K, Malik A, Naz SS, Shah KU, Khan A, Khan S, Ahmed R, Qaisar S. Surface modified multifaceted nanocarriers for oral non-conventional cancer therapy; synthesis and evaluation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 123:111940. [PMID: 33812575 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory cells orchestrate tumor niche for the proliferating neoplastic cells, leading to neoangiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis. Emergence of severe side effects, multiple drug resistance and associated high cost has rendered conventional chemotherapy less effectual. The aim was to develop a multipurpose, less toxic, more potent and cheaper, oral non-conventional anticancer therapeutic. Cyclooxygenase associated with tumor niche inflammation and proliferative neoplastic cells were targeted synergistically, through anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects of model drug, diclofenac sodium and fluorescent silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), respectively. Drug entrapped AgNPs were surface modified with PVA (for controlling particle size, preferred cellular uptake, evading opsonization and improved dispersion). XRD, FTIR, DSC, TGA, LIBS, particle size and surface plasmon resonance analysis confirmed the efficient drug encapsulation and PVA coating with 62% loading efficiency. In-vitro, the formulation exhibited 1st order release kinetics with sustained and maximal release at slightly acidic conditions (pH 4.5) enabling the potential for passive tumor targeting. Also, nanoparticles showed efficient protein denaturation inhibition potential, hemo-compatibility (<0.8%) and potent anti-cancer activity (P < 0.05) against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). In-vivo, developed nanoparticles improved pharmacokinetics (2.8 fold increased AUC, 6.9 h t1/2, Cmax = 1.6 ± 0.03 μg/ml, Kel = 0.1) and pharmacodynamics manifested by potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic effects (P < 0.05) at 20 fold lower doses. LD50 determination revealed a wide therapeutic window. The study showed promise of synthesized nanomaterials as cheaper, less toxic, hemo-compatible, oral and more potent anti-inflammatory and non-conventional fluorescent anti-cancer agents, vanquishing tumor niche inflammation and repressing proliferation of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiza Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kehkashan Mazhar
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Annum Malik
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | | | - Adnan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ahmed
- National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sara Qaisar
- Nanosciences and Technology Department, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Ali H, Khan A, Ali J, Ullah H, Khan A, Ali H, Irshad N, Khan S. Attenuation of LPS-induced acute lung injury by continentalic acid in rodents through inhibition of inflammatory mediators correlates with increased Nrf2 protein expression. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:81. [PMID: 33239093 PMCID: PMC7687815 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-00458-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute lung injury (ALI) together with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are associated with high rate of mortality and morbidity in patients. In the current study, the anti-inflammatory effects of continentalic acid (CNT) in LPS-induced acute lung injury model was explored. Methods The acute lung injury model was established by administering LPS (5 mg/kg) intraperitonealy. Following LPS administration, the survival rate, temperature changes and lung Wet/Dry ratio were assessed. The antioxidants (GSH, GST, Catalase and SOD) and oxidative stress markers (MDA, NO, MPO) were evaluated in all the treated groups. Similarly, the cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were analyzed using ELISA assay. The histological changes were determined using H and E staining, while Nrf2 and iNOS level were determined using immunohistochemistry analysis. The molecular docking analysis was performed to assess the pharmacokinetics parameters and interaction of the CNT with various protein targets. Results The results showed that CNT dose dependently (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg) reduced mortality rate, body temperature and lungs Wet/Dry ratio. CNT post-treatment significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. The CNT post-treatment markedly improved the hematological parameters, while significantly reduced the MPO (indicator of the neutrophilic infiltration) activity compared to the LPS treated group. Furthermore, the CNT (100 mg/kg) post-administration remarkably inhibited the lung Wet/Dry ratio. The CNT (100 mg/kg) treated group showed marked reduction in the oxidative stress markers such as malonaldehyde (MDA) and Nitric oxide (NO) concentration, while induced the level of the anti-oxidant enzymes such as GST, GSH, Catalase and SOD. Similarly, the CNT markedly reduced the iNOS expression level, while induced the Nrf2 protein expression. Additionally, the molecular docking study showed significant binding interaction with the Nrf2, p65, Keap1, HO-1, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and COX-2, while exhibited excellent physicochemical properties. Conclusion The CNT showed marked protection against the LPS-induced lung injury and improved the behavioral, biochemical and histological parameters. Furthermore, the CNT showed significant interaction with several protein targets and exhibited better physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ali
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ashrafullah Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jawad Ali
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hadayat Ullah
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Irshad
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Zhang R, Xu B, Zhang Q, Chen D, Zhang M, Zhao G, Xu K, Xiao J, Zhu H, Niu J, Li N, Fang Q. Spinal administration of the multi-functional opioid/neuropeptide FF agonist BN-9 produced potent antinociception without development of tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 880:173169. [PMID: 32416184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronic opioids treatment is impeded by the development of analgesic tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Recent studies have shown that multi-functional opioid compounds produce analgesic activities with limited side effects. We developed a novel multi-functional peptide targeting opioid and neuropeptide FF receptors named BN-9, which produced potent and non-tolerance forming antinociceptive effect after supraspinal and systemic administrations. In the present study, the analgesic properties and potential side effects of intrathecal BN-9 were investigated in a range of preclinical rodent models. In complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain model, intrathecal BN-9 dose-dependently produced analgesic effect via opioid receptors, and the spinal antinociceptive effect was augmented by the neuropeptide FF receptor antagonist RF9. In contrast, in plantar incision-induced postoperative pain model, BN-9 exhibited potent anti-allodynic effect via opioid receptors and, at least partially, neuropeptide FF receptors. In mouse models of acetic acid-induced visceral pain and formalin pain, BN-9-induced spinal antinociception was mainly mediated by opioid receptors, independent of neuropeptide FF receptors. Furthermore, at the spinal level, chronic treatments with BN-9 did not lead to analgesic tolerance and cross-tolerance to morphine. Moreover, opioid-induced hyperalgesia was observed after repeated administration of morphine, but not BN-9. Taken together, our present study suggests that intrathecal BN-9 produces potent and non-tolerance forming antinociception, and does not cause opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Thus, BN-9 might serve as a promising lead compound in the development of multi-functional opioid analgesics with minimized side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Biao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Dan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Guanghai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Kangtai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Hanwen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Jiandong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
| | - Quan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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Wang HX, Zeng MS, Ye Y, Liu JY, Xu PP. Antiviral activity of puerarin as potent inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase. Phytother Res 2020; 35:324-336. [PMID: 32757226 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Puerarin is a major isofiavone compound isolated from the root of Pueraria lobata. It was reported that puerarin had antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antitumor, cholesterol lowering, liver protective, and neuroprotective properties. However, few studies have explored the antiviral effect of puerarin and its target mechanism related to influenza virus. Here, the antiinfluenza activity of puerarin in vitro and in vivo and its mode of action on the potential inhibition of neuraminidase (NA) were investigated. Puerarin displayed an inhibitory effect on A/FM/1/1947(H1N1) (EC50 = 52.06 μM). An indirect immunofluorescence assay indicated that puerarin blocked the nuclear export of viral NP. The inhibition of NA activity confirmed that puerarin can block the release of newly formed virus particles from infected cells. Puerarin (100 and 200 mg/kg/d) exhibited effective antiviral activity in mice, conferring 50% and 70% protection from death against H1N1, reducing virus titers, and effectively alleviating inflammation in the lungs. The molecular docking results showed that puerarin had a strong binding affinity with NA from H1N1. The results of the molecular dynamics simulation revealed that puerarin had higher stable binding at the 150-loop region of the NA protein. These results demonstrated that puerarin acts as a NA blocker to inhibit influenza A virus both in cellular and animal models. Thus, puerarin has potential utility for the treatment of the influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Xian Wang
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mao-Sen Zeng
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Ye
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Liu
- Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Ping Xu
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Khan AU, Muhammad Khan A, Khan A, Shal B, Aziz A, Ahmed MN, Khan S. The newly synthesized compounds (NCHDH and NTHDH) attenuates LPS-induced septicemia and multi-organ failure via Nrf2/HO1 and HSP/TRVP1 signaling in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 329:109220. [PMID: 32763245 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The sepsis is considered as serious clinic-pathological condition related with high rate of morbidity and mortality in critical care settings. In the proposed study, the hydrazides derivatives N-(benzylidene)-2-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)benzohydrazides (1-2) (NCHDH and NTHDH) were investigated against the LPS-induced sepsis in rodents. The NCHDH and NTHDH markedly improved the physiological sign and symptoms associated with the sepsis such as mortality, temperature, and clinical scoring compared to negative control group, which received only LPS (i.p.). The NCHDH and NTHDH also inhibited the production of the NO and MPO compared to the negative control. Furthermore, the treatment control improved the histological changes markedly of all the vital organs. Additionally, the Masson's trichrome and PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff) staining also showed improvement in the NCHDH and NTHDH treated group in contrast to LPS-induced group. The antioxidants were enhanced by the intervention of the NCHDH and NTHDH and the level of the MDA and POD were attenuated marginally compared to the LPS-induced group. The hematology study showed marked improvement and the reversal of the LPS-induced changes in blood composition compared to the negative control. The synthetic function of the liver and kidney were preserved in the NCHDH and NTHDH treated group compared to the LPS-induced group. The NCHDH and NTHDH markedly enhanced the Nrf2, HO-1 (Heme oxygenase-1), while attenuated the Keap1 and TRPV1 expression level as compared to LPS treated group. Furthermore, the NCHDH and NTHDH treatment showed marked increased in the mRNA expression level of the HSP70/90 proteins compared to the negative control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amir Muhammad Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Shal
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Burki IK, Khan MK, Khan BA, Uzair B, Braga VA, Jamil QA. Formulation Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of a Novel Dexibuprofen-Capsaicin Skin Emulgel with Improved In Vivo Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Effects. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:211. [PMID: 32737606 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01760-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transdermal application of analgesics allows efficient and painless delivery of medication with minimum side effect. This study was designed with the aim to formulate and characterize dexibuprofen-capsaicin emulgel for transdermal drug delivery with improved anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The emulgel was prepared and evaluated for physical examination, stability, spreadability, rheological behavior, viscosity, drug content determination, FTIR analysis, and ex vivo studies. Anti-inflammatory (carrageenan-induced paw edema) and analgesic (hot plate latency test) effects were determined in Sprague-Dawley rats. The dexibuprofen-capsaicin emulgel showed good physical appearance and stability having average pH 5.5 to 6.0, conductivity 73-76 s/m, spreadability (12-)17 g cm/s, drug content 102.84% ± 0.53 (for capsaicin) and 94.09% ± 0.41 (for dexibuprofen), and FTIR compatibility. It was noted that 86.956% ± 1.46 (with 100 mg menthol), 76.687% ± 1.21 (75 mg menthol), and 65.543% ± 1.71 (without menthol) of capsaicin were released. Similarly 81.342% ± 1.21 (with 100 mg menthol), 72.321% ± 1.31 (75 mg menthol), and 52.462% ± 1.23 (without menthol) of dexibuprofen were released. The cumulative amount of capsaicin permeated through rabbit skin was 9.83 ± 0.037 μg/cm2 with 100 mg menthol (as permeation enhancer), 7.23 ± 0.037 μg/cm2 with 75 mg menthol, and 2.23 ± 0.061 μg/cm2 without menthol after 6.5 h. The permeation of dexibuprofen was 19.53 ± 0.054 μg/cm2, 13.87 ± 0.032 μg/cm2, and 3.83 ± 0.074 μg/cm2. Carrageenan-induced paw edema of rat was effectively inhibited by the optimized emulgel. Similarly it was observed that DCE5 shows higher analgesic activity compared with marketed diclofenac sodium emulgel (Dicloran®). The conclusion of this research study evidently indicated a promising synergistic potential of dexibuprofen-capsaicin emulgel as an alternative to the conventional topical dosage form.
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Anti-epileptic activity of daidzin in PTZ-induced mice model by targeting oxidative stress and BDNF/VEGF signaling. Neurotoxicology 2020; 79:150-163. [PMID: 32450180 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a complex and multifactorial neurodegenerative disease described by recurrent seizures. Oxidative stress and dysregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are critical factors for the development of epilepsy. Daidzin is well-known for its effective anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential for centuries. The present study was focused on exploring the anti-epileptic potential of daidzin in the pentylenetetrazole-induced mice model. Daidzin (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) was administered in the acute study and the dose was optimized. Pretreatment with daidzin remarkably reduced the severity of epileptogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, chronic epilepsy was induced in mice by administration of PTZ (35 mg/kg, i.p) every alternative day for 21 days. Results demonstrated that daidzin significantly prevented epileptogenesis and reversed histopathological changes in the hippocampus. It remarkably improved antioxidant (glutathione, glutathione sulfotransferase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) levels while decreased MDA (malondialdehyde) and nitrite production in the brain. It remarkably improved the expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and BDNF while reduced the expression of VEGF. It remarkably prevented the neuronal apoptosis in the brain tissue. Additionally, spectroscopic analysis such as FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) revealed that daidzin remarkably prevented PTZ-induced protein damage. HPLC-UV spectrophotometry results demonstrated that there was no peak of aglycone daidzin (metabolite) in the brain sample which specify that the anticonvulsant effect of the compound is due to its direct entry into the brain tissue. Moreover, the molecular docking results showed that daidzin possesses a better binding affinity for ALDH2, estrogen receptor-β, P13k, AKT2, mTORC1, and HIF-1-α proteins. Taken together, the results of the present study showed that daidzin has remarkable neuroprotective and anti-epileptic properties through modulation of oxidative stress, BDNF/VEGF, and apoptotic signaling in the brain tissue of PTZ-kindled mice.
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Qindeel M, Khan D, Ahmed N, Khan S. Surfactant-Free, Self-Assembled Nanomicelles-Based Transdermal Hydrogel for Safe and Targeted Delivery of Methotrexate against Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACS NANO 2020; 14:4662-4681. [PMID: 32207921 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is the first line agent for therapy against rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, orally its efficacy is hampered by poor solubility, less permeability, short plasma half-life, and reduced bioavailability. Meanwhile, parenteral formulations are associated with severe adverse effects. In an attempt to improve the efficacy of MTX, we synthesized polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone (PCL-PEG-PCL) triblock copolymer by a ring-opening copolymerization reaction and used it as a carrier for the fabrication of MTX-loaded nanomicelles. Surfactant-free, self-assembled nanomicelles were prepared by nanoprecipitation technique and optimized through central composite design. The optimized nanomicelles exhibited a size distribution of 31 nm and an encapsulation efficiency of 91%. In vitro, the nanomicelles exhibited hemocompatibility, sustained release, and significantly high uptake in lipopolysaccharide activated macrophages. To facilitate application on the skin, optimized nanomicelles were loaded into a Carbopol 934-based hydrogel with eucalyptus oil as a penetration enhancer. Eucalyptus oil significantly improved the permeation of nanomicelles through the skin (p < 0.001). When the hydrogel was applied on the RA mice model, nanomicelles exhibited preferentially highest accumulation in the inflamed joints than other organs. As compared with the free MTX, MTX nanomicelles significantly improved the pharmacokinetic (4.34-fold greater half-life, 3.68-fold higher AUC0-t, and 3.15-fold higher mean residence time) and pharmacodynamic profile ascertained through low inflammatory cytokines expression, improved oxidation protection, recovered behavioral responses, and radiological analysis. MTX nanomicelles-based hydrogel also significantly reduced the hepatotoxicity and did not activate the immune system. These results suggest that the MTX-loaded nanomicelles-based transdermal hydrogel can prove to be a promising agent against RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maimoona Qindeel
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Dildar Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Ullah H, Khan A, Baig MW, Ullah N, Ahmed N, Tipu MK, Ali H, Khan S. Poncirin attenuates CCL4-induced liver injury through inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:115. [PMID: 32307011 PMCID: PMC7168870 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02906-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the present study, the poncirin which is flavonoid-7-o-glycosides (isolated from the Poncirus trifoliata) in nature was evaluated against the Carbon tetra chloride (CCL4)-induced liver injury. The poncirin have been reported for various anti-inflammatory, analgesic activity etc. Based on the previous studies it was anticipated that the poncirin will ameliorate CCL4-induced liver injury. Methods The CCL4-induced acute and chronic liver injury model (albino BALB/c mice) was used. Following the induction of the liver injury various parameters such as food and water intake, body weight and weight to dry ratio changes were assessed. Furthermore, various hematological, biochemical parameters and histological studies such as hemotoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining were performed. The poncirin treatment was also evaluated against the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) using enzyme link immunosorbant assay (ELISA). The Swiss Target prediction software was used to investigate interaction of the poncirin on the various hepatic enzymes. Results The poncirin treatment markedly improved the behavioral parameters such as food and water intake. The liver weight variation was attenuated and total body was improved markedly. The hematological and biochemical parameters were significantly improved compared to the CCL4 treated groups. The anti-oxidants were induced, while oxidative stress markers were reduced promisingly. The H and E staining showed that poncirin treatment significantly improved the histology of liver compared to the CCL4 treated group. Furthermore, the poncirin treatment also evidently decreased the inflammatory mediators. Conclusions The poncirin treatment showed marked improvement in behavioral, biochemical and histological parameters following CCL4-induced liver injury. Additionally, the poncirin treatment also markedly improved the antioxidant enzymes, attenuated the oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadayat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ashrafullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waleed Baig
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naseem Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Tipu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Wu M, Zhang Q, Yi D, Wu T, Chen H, Guo S, Li S, Ji C, Wang L, Zhao D, Hou Y, Wu G. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Antiviral and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Puerarin in Piglets Infected With Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus. Front Immunol 2020; 11:169. [PMID: 32174911 PMCID: PMC7055472 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has caused enormous economic losses to the swine industry worldwide in recent years. Puerarin (PR), a major isoflavonoid isolated from the Chinese herb Gegen, possesses many pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, and anti-viral activities. This study was conducted with both PEDV-infected African green monkey kidney cells (Vero) and neonatal pigs to determine the effect of PR on PEDV infection and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by using proteomic analyses. Twenty-four piglets fed a milk replacer were randomly allocated into one of three groups (Control, PEDV, and PEDV + PR). After a 5-day period of adaption, piglets (n = 8/group) in the PEDV + PR were orally administered with PR (0.5 mg/kg body weight) between days 5 and 9, whereas piglets in the other two groups received the same volume of liquid milk replacer. On day 9, piglets were orally administered with either sterile saline or PEDV (Yunnan province strain) at 104.5 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infectious dose) per pig. On day 12 of the trial, jugular vein blood and intestinal samples were collected. In addition, Vero cells were assigned randomly into three groups (Control, PEDV, PEDV + PR). Cells in the PEDV and PEDV + PR groups were infected with PEDV at a multiplicity of infection of 0.01, while cells in the control group were treated with the same volume of sterile saline. One hour later, cells in the Control and PEDV groups were cultured in serum-free DMEM, while cells in the PEDV + PR group were supplemented with PR. After 36 h of culture, cells were harvested. PR attenuated the reductions in cell proliferation in vitro and growth performance in PEDV-infected piglets, and inhibited PEDV replication and the expression of several cytokines (including IL-8) both in vitro and in vivo. Proteomic analyses identified that the abundances of 29 proteins in the ileum were altered by PEDV infection and restored to the control level by PR. Pathway analyses revealed that PR restored the expression of several interferon-stimulated genes and selectively upregulated the expression of guanylate-binding proteins. Western blot analyses showed that PR supplementation inhibited the PEDV-induced NF-κB activation. Collectively, these results indicate that PR could exert antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects in piglets infected with PEDV and have the potential to be an effective antiviral feed additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Yi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuangshuang Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changzheng Ji
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqing Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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Fathalipour M, Mahmoodzadeh A, Safa O, Mirkhani H. Puerarin as potential treatment in diabetic retinopathy. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2020.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most prevalent microvascular complications of diabetes, and the most leading cause of visual loss around the world. The lack of effective and approved treatment in DR is a major challenge for diabetic patients. Nowadays, natural compounds have got attention of the researchers for management of DR. Many evidences suggest that puerarin as a natural polyphenol exerts advantageous effects against DR. In the present review, we summarized the protective effects of puerarin against DR, and discussed the underlying mechanisms of these effects. Puerarin attenuates retinal neovascularization and neurodegeneration in diabetes mellitus, and the underlying mechanisms are related to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties of the compound. In conclusion, puerarin might be a potential adjuvant agent for the prevention and treatment of DR. However, comprehensive studies are necessary to show its effectiveness and safety, particularly in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Fathalipour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Amir Mahmoodzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Omid Safa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hossein Mirkhani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Khan AM, Khan AU, Ali H, Islam SU, Seo EK, Khan S. Continentalic acid exhibited nephroprotective activity against the LPS and E. coli-induced kidney injury through inhibition of the oxidative stress and inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106209. [PMID: 32004924 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of the continentalic acid (CNT) isolated from the Aralia Continentalis against the LPS and E. coli-induced nephrotoxicity. The LPS and E. coli administration markedly altered the behavioral parameters including spontaneous pain, tail suspension and survival rate. However, the treatment with CNT dose dependently improved the behavioral parameters. The CNT treatment significantly improved the renal functions test (RFTs) and hematological parameters following LPS and E. coli-induced kidney injury. Furthermore, the LPS and E. coli administration markedly compromised the anti-oxidant enzymes and enhanced the oxidative stress markers. However, the CNT treatment markedly enhanced the anti-oxidants enzymes such as GSH, GST, Catalase and SOD, while attenuated the oxidative stress markers such as MDA and POD. The MPO enzyme is widely used marker for the neutrophilic infiltration, the LPS and E. coli administration markedly increased the MPO activity. However, the CNT treatment markedly attenuated the MPO activity in both LPS and E. coli-induced kidney injury. Furthermore, the CNT treatment markedly attenuated the NO production compared to the LPS and E. coli-induced kidney injury group. Additionally, the CNT treatment improved the histological parameters markedly (H and E, PAS and Masson's trichome staining) and protect the kidney from the inflammatory insult of the LPS and E. coli evidently. The comet assay revealed marked DNA damage, however, the CNT treatment markedly prevented the LPS and E. coli-induced kidney damage. The CNT treatment markedly enhanced the expression of Nrf2, while attenuated the iNOS expression in both models of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Muhammad Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Salman Ul Islam
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
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Ali J, Khan AU, Shah FA, Ali H, Islam SU, Kim YS, Khan S. Mucoprotective effects of Saikosaponin-A in 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis in mice model. Life Sci 2019; 239:116888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Anomalin attenuates LPS-induced acute lungs injury through inhibition of AP-1 signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:451-460. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Su Y, Xiong S, Lan H, Xu L, Wei X. Molecular mechanism underlying anti-inflammatory activities of lirioresinol B dimethyl ether through suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in in vitro and in vivo models. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:321-332. [PMID: 31129419 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of lirioresinol B dimethyl ether via inhibition of multiple signaling pathways in both in vitro and in vivo pharmacological models. To determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the lirioresinol B dimethyl ether, RAW 264.7 macrophages challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were treated with various concentrations of lirioresinol B dimethyl ether (5, 15, 25, and 50 μM). The results indicated that pretreatment with lirioresinol B dimethyl ether significantly suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, nitric oxide (NO) production, the protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Lirioresinol B dimethyl ether inhibited LPS-induced activation of production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release. The results obtained by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) demonstrated a concentration dependent reduction of the LPS-stimulated activation of NF-κB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) by lirioresinol B dimethyl ether in in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, lirioresinol B dimethyl ether also reduced the expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 protein and myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) as well as promoted the degradation of IκBα. Lirioresinol B dimethyl ether also significantly down-regulated the phosphorylation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p-38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Furthermore, the results of acute and chronic inflammation demonstrated that lirioresinol B dimethyl ether (10 and 50 mg per kg) reduced paw edema and mechanical hyperalgesia in carrageenan- and Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced in vivo mouse models, respectively. Hence, the current results indicate that lirioresinol B dimethyl ether either act by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators through down-regulation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways and reduction of NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Su
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
| | - Sizheng Xiong
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Hongwen Lan
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
| | - Xiang Wei
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
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Suppression of TRPV1 and P2Y nociceptors by honokiol isolated from Magnolia officinalis in 3rd degree burn mice by inhibiting inflammatory mediators. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Zhai J, Song Z, Wang Y, Han M, Ren Z, Han N, Liu Z, Yin J. Zhixiong Capsule (ZXC), a traditional Chinese patent medicine, prevents atherosclerotic plaque formation in rabbit carotid artery and the related mechanism investigation based on network pharmacology and biological research. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 59:152776. [PMID: 31004886 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chinese patent medicine Zhixiong Capsule (ZXC) has been used in clinical treatment against blood stasis-induced dizziness and headache for many years in China. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Recent clinical observations demonstrated a good efficacy of ZXC against atherosclerotic plaque formation in carotid arteries. The aims of this study were to verify the plaque-preventing efficacy of ZXC in animals and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS ZXC (185 mg/kg and 370 mg/kg) was administrated to rabbits which received collar implantation accompanied with high fat diet administration (12 days). The blood-dissolved components of ZXC were identified by an UPLC-QTOF-MS method. The key components and targets of ZXC were then predicted based on network pharmacology analysis and biological investigations. RESULTS Compared with vehicle control group, ZXC administration (185 mg/kg) significantly prevented plaque formation and attenuated intima thickening in the collar-implanted carotid arteries, markedly decreased blood lipid level, and increased plasma IL-4 level in rabbits. A total of 23 blood-dissolved components were identified. Four ingredients (namely, kaempferol, daidzein, puerarin, miltirone) along with leech, and three targets (namely, JUN, FOS and TP53) were recognized to play important roles for ZXC bioactivity. CONCLUSION It could be concluded that ZXC could be applied to prevent atherosclerotic plaque formation and intimal thickening in carotid arteries at the current clinical dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiu Zhai
- School of Traditional Chinese Material, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zehai Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Material, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Material, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mingshu Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Material, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhaohui Ren
- School of Traditional Chinese Material, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Na Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Material, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Material, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jun Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Material, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Zeeshan S, Naveed M, Khan A, Atiq A, Arif M, Ahmed MN, Kim YS, Khan S. N-Pyrazoloyl and N-thiopheneacetyl hydrazone of isatin exhibited potent anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties through suppression of NF-κB, MAPK and oxidative stress signaling in animal models of inflammation. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:613-632. [PMID: 31079165 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01245-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrazide derivatives constitute an important class of compounds for new drug development as they are reported to possess good anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. The present study was aimed to investigate the role of newly synthesized hydrazide derivatives N-pyrazoloyl hydrazone of isatin (PHI) and N-thiopheneacetyl hydrazone of isatin (THI) in acute and chronic inflammatory pain models induced by carrageenan and complete Freud's adjuvant (CFA). MATERIALS PHI and THI (0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg) pretreatments were provided intraperitoneally to male BALB/c mice prior to inflammatory inducers. Behavioral responses to inflammation and pain were evaluated by assessment of paw edema, mechanical allodynia, mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. Cytokines production and NF-κB levels were evaluated by ELISA. Western blot analysis was performed for the detection of IκBα, p38, JNK and ERK. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and radiographic analysis were performed to evaluate the effect of PHI and THI treatment on bone and soft tissues. Oxidative stress was determined by reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase and catalase assays. Evans blue dye was used to monitor vascular protein leakage. RESULT PHI and THI dose dependently (0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg) reduced inflammation and pain in mice, however, the dose of 10 mg/kg exhibited significant activity. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects were attributed to suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) production levels. PHI and THI significantly blocked CFA-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Oxidative stress and plasma nitrite levels were reduced remarkably. The PHI and THI (10 mg/kg) treatment did not exhibit any apparent toxicity on the liver, kidney, muscles strength, and motor co-ordination in mice. CONCLUSION Both PHI and THI possess significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity via inhibition of inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zeeshan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Atiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Arif
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Yeong Shik Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. .,College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea.
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Effect of 25-methoxy hispidol A isolated from Poncirus trifoliate against bacteria-induced anxiety and depression by targeting neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:209-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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46
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Diadzein ameliorates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in rodents. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 843:292-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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