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El-Shoura EAM, Abdelzaher LA, Ahmed AAN, Abdel-Wahab BA, Sharkawi SMZ, Mohamed SA, Salem EA. Reno-protective effect of nicorandil and pentoxifylline against potassium dichromate-induced acute renal injury via modulation p38MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1 and Notch1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 85:127474. [PMID: 38788404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational and environmental exposure to chromium compounds such as potassium dichromate (PDC) (K2Cr2O7) has emerged as a potential aetiologic cause for renal disease through apoptotic, and inflammatory reactions. The known potent antioxidants such as nicorandil (NIC) and/or pentoxifylline (PTX) were studied for their possible nephroprotective effect in PDC-treated rats. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups; control, PDC group, NIC+PDC, PTX+PDC group, and combination+PDC group. Nephrotoxicity was evaluated histopathologically and biochemically. Invasive blood pressure, renal function parameters urea, creatinine, uric acid and albumin, glomerular filtration rate markers Cys-C, Kim-1 and NGAL, inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, COX-II, p38MAPK, NF-κB and TLR4, oxidative stress SOD, GSH, MDA, MPO, HO-1 and Nrf2 and apoptotic mediators Notch1 and PCNA were evaluated. Besides, renal cortical histopathology was assayed as well. RESULTS PDC led to a considerable increase in indicators for kidney injury, renal function parameters, invasive blood pressure, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers. They were markedly reduced by coadministration of PDC with either/or NIC and PTX. The NIC and PTX combination regimen showed a more significant improvement than either medication used alone. Our results demonstrated the nephroprotective effect of NIC, PTX, and their combined regimen on PDC-induced kidney injury through suppression of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory response. CONCLUSION Renal recovery from PDC injury was achieved through enhanced MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1 and suppressed Notch1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways. This study highlights the role of NIC and PTX as effective interventions to ameliorate nephrotoxicity in patients undergoing PDC toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab A M El-Shoura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt.
| | - Lobna A Abdelzaher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A N Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Basel A Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Souty M Z Sharkawi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Esraa A Salem
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen ElKom 32511, Egypt
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Abdel-Wahab BA, Zafaar D, Habeeb MS, El-Shoura EAM. Nicorandil mitigates arsenic trioxide-induced lung injury via modulating vital signalling pathways SIRT1/PGC-1α/TFAM, JAK1/STAT3, and miRNA-132 expression. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38741475 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nicorandil, a selective opener of potassium channels, used to treat angina, has drawn attention for its potential in mitigating lung injury, positioning it as a promising therapeutic approach to treat drug-induced lung toxicity. This study aimed to explore the protective role of nicorandil in arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced lung injury and to elucidate the underlying mechanistic pathways. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We assessed the effects of nicorandil (15 mg·kg-1, p.o.) in a rat model of pulmonary injury induced by ATO (5 mg·kg-1, i.p.). The assessment included oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory cytokine levels, and other biomarkers, including sirtuin-1, sirtuin-3, STAT3, TFAM, and JAK in lung tissue. Histological examination using H&E staining and molecular investigations using western blotting and PCR techniques were conducted. KEY RESULTS In our model of lung injury, treatment with nicorandil ameliorated pathological changes as seen with H&E staining, reduced tissue levels of toxicity markers, and exerted significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. On a molecular level, treatment with nicorandil down-regulated JAK, STAT3, PPARγ, Nrf2, VEGF, p53, and micro-RNA 132 while up-regulating Sirt1, 3, TFAM, AMPK, and ERR-α in lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The results presented here show nicorandil as a significant agent in attenuating lung injury induced by ATO in a rodent model. Nonetheless, further clinical studies are warranted to strengthen these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basel A Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Zafaar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University of Technology, and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ehab A M El-Shoura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
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Singh D, Singh R, Akindele AJ. Therapeutic potential of nicorandil beyond anti-anginal drug: A review on current and future perspectives. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28922. [PMID: 38617945 PMCID: PMC11015415 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Nicorandil (NIC) is a well-known anti-anginal agent, which has been recommended as one of the second-line treatments for chronic stable angina as justified by the European guidelines. It shows an efficacy equivalent to that of classic anti-anginal agents. NIC has also been used clinically in various cardiovascular diseases such as variant or unstable angina and reperfusion-induced damage following coronary angioplasty or thrombolysis. Different mechanisms have been involved in the protective effects of nicorandil in various diseases, including opening of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel and donation of nitric oxide (NO). In recent years, NIC has been found to show numerous pharmacological activities such as neuroprotective, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and testicular protective effects, among other beneficial effects on the body. The present review dwells on the pharmacological potentials of NIC beyond its anti-anginal action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Singh
- M.M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Randhir Singh
- Departments of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bhatinda, Punjab, India
| | - Abidemi James Akindele
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics & Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, P.M.B. 12003 Lagos, Nigeria
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Samaha MM, Nour OA, Sewilam HM, El-Kashef DH. Diacerein mitigates adenine-induced chronic kidney disease in rats: Focus on TLR4/MYD88/TRAF6/NF-κB pathway. Life Sci 2023; 331:122080. [PMID: 37690574 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious problem which negatively affects human health. AIMS The purpose of this investigation was to explore the possible beneficial impacts of diacerein on adenine-induced CKD in rats. MAIN METHODS 32 male Sprague Dawley rats were allocated into 4 groups; normal, diseased (200 mg/kg adenine, orally) and diacerein (25 and 50 mg/kg, orally). KEY FINDINGS Adenine produced marked reduction in rats' body weights and a substantial increase in kidney/body weight index. Additionally, adenine significantly increased serum creatinine and BUN levels besides proteinuria levels, and also reduced creatinine clearance. Adenine induced oxidative stress as evidenced by increased MDA content and diminished GSH concentration in renal tissues. These biochemical measurements were confirmed by the morphological and histopathological results. Moreover, adenine revealed substantial elevation in renal level and expression of MYD88, TRAF6 and TNF-α, and renal level of IL-1β in addition to increased expression of TLR4, NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 while reduced the expression of IκB-α. Diacerein in a dose-dependent manner effectively ameliorated adenine-induced alterations. SIGNIFICANCE Diacerein could be used as a therapeutic agent to attenuate CKD after further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Samaha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Omnia A Nour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Haitham M Sewilam
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Dalia H El-Kashef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Mohamed Azar KAH, Ezhilarasan D, Shree Harini K, Karthick M, Uthirappan M. Coleus vettiveroides ethanolic root extract protects against thioacetamide-induced acute liver injury in rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:876-888. [PMID: 37605364 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Acute liver injury is caused by various factors, including oxidative stress and inflammation. Coleus vettiveroides, an ayurvedic medicinal plant, is known to possess antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic properties. In this current study, we investigated the protective effect of C. vettiveroides ethanolic root extract (CVERE) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced acute liver injury in rats. A single dose of TAA (300 mg/kg, b.w., i.p.) was administered to induce acute liver injury. The treatment groups of rats were concurrently treated with CVERE (125 and 250 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) and silymarin (100 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.), respectively. After 24 h of the experimental period, TAA-induced liver injury was confirmed by increased activity of serum transaminases and malondialdehyde levels in liver tissue, decreased levels of antioxidants, upregulated expression of the inflammatory marker gene, and altered liver morphology. Whereas CVERE simultaneous treatment inhibited hepatic injury and prevented the elevation of serum aspartate and alanine transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities. CVERE attenuated TAA-induced oxidative stress by suppressing lipid peroxidation and restoring antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione. Further, CVERE treatment was found to inhibit nuclear factor κB-mediated inflammatory signaling, as indicated by downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. Our findings suggest that CVERE prevents TAA-induced acute liver injury by targeting oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthik Shree Harini
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Munusamy Karthick
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mani Uthirappan
- Animal House Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Refaie MMM, El-Hussieny M, Shehata S, Welson NN, Abdelzaher WY. Exploring the role of ATP-sensitive potassium channel, eNOS, and P-glycoprotein in mediating the hepatoprotective activity of nicorandil in methotrexate-induced liver injury in rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:607-615. [PMID: 37078892 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2201659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent; however, its clinical use is challenged by various types of injuries, including hepatotoxic side effects. Therefore, finding new protective drugs against MTX-induced toxicities is a critical need. Moreover, the different mechanisms mediating such effects are still not clear. The current study aimed to evaluate the possible ameliorative action of nicorandil (NIC) in MTX-induced hepatotoxicity and examine the roles of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats were used. NIC (3 mg/kg/day) was given orally for 2 weeks, and hepatotoxicity was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of MTX (20 mg/kg) on the 11th day of the experiment. We confirmed the role of KATP by co-administering glimepiride (GP) (10 mg/kg/day) 30 min before NIC. The measured serum biomarkers were [alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)], total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and P-gp. Histopathology, eNOS, and caspase-3 immunoexpression were evaluated. RESULTS The MTX group displayed hepatotoxicity in the form of elevations of ALT, AST, MDA, NOx, and caspase-3 immunoexpression. Furthermore, the histopathological examination showed marked liver injury. TAC, SOD, P-gp, and eNOS immunoexpression showed significant inhibition. In the protective group, all parameters improved (P value < 0.05). CONCLUSION NIC has an ameliorative action against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity, most probably via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic functions together with the modulation of the KATP channel, eNOS, and P-glycoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sayed Shehata
- Department of Cardiology, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Nermeen N Welson
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Bedair AF, Wahid A, El-Mezayen NS, El-Yazbi AF, Khalil HA, Hassan NW, Afify EA. Nicorandil/ morphine crosstalk accounts for antinociception and hepatoprotection in hepatic fibrosis in rats: Distinct roles of opioid/cGMP and NO/KATP pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115068. [PMID: 37392650 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous report indicated that nicorandil potentiated morphine antinociception and attenuated hepatic injury in liver fibrotic rats. Herein, the underlying mechanisms of nicorandil/morphine interaction were investigated using pharmacological, biochemical, histopathological, and molecular docking studies. Male Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4, 40%, 2 ml/kg) twice weekly for 5 weeks to induce hepatic fibrosis. Nicorandil (15 mg/kg/day) was administered per os (p.o.) for 14 days in presence of the blockers; glibenclamide (KATP channel blocker, 5 mg/kg, p.o.), L-NG-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, 15 mg/kg, p.o.), methylene blue (MB, guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, 2 mg/kg, i.p.) and naltrexone (opioid antagonist, 20 mg/kg, i.p.). At the end of the 5th week, analgesia was evaluated using tail flick and formalin tests along with biochemical determinations of liver function tests, oxidative stress markers and histopathological examination of liver tissues. Naltrexone and MB inhibited the antinociceptive activity of the combination. Furthermore, combined nicorandil/morphine regimen attenuated the release of endogenous peptides. Docking studies revealed a possible interaction of nicorandil on µ, κ and δ opioid receptors. Nicorandil/morphine combination protected against liver damage as evident by decreased liver enzymes, liver index, hyaluronic acid, lipid peroxidation, fibrotic insults, and increased superoxide dismutase activity. Nicorandil/morphine hepatoprotection and antioxidant activity were inhibited by glibenclamide and L-NAME but not by naltrexone or MB. These findings implicate opioid activation/cGMP versus NO/KATP channels in the augmented antinociception, and hepatoprotection, respectively, of the combined therapy and implicate provoked cross talk by nicorandil and morphine on opioid receptors and cGMP signaling pathway. That said, nicorandil/morphine combination provides a potential multitargeted therapy to alleviate pain and preserve liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asser F Bedair
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Wahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nesrine S El-Mezayen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amira F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hadeel A Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nayera W Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elham A Afify
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Elbaset MA, Mohamed BMSA, Moustafa PE, Mansour DF, Afifi SM, Esatbeyoglu T, Abdelrahman SSM, Fayed HM. Erythropoietin Suppresses the Hepatic Fibrosis Caused by Thioacetamide: Role of the PI3K/Akt and TLR4 Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:5514248. [PMID: 37649466 PMCID: PMC10465256 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5514248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is recognized for its function in erythropoiesis; however, its potential antifibrotic effect against liver fibrosis remains unknown. This study examined whether EPO affects thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis by concentrating on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) cascade and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway as possible pathways. Male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups, which included: the negative control group, the TAA group (intraperitoneal; TAA 100 mg/kg three times per week for 2 weeks), and EPO-treated groups (150 and 300 IU/kg, i.p.) for 2 weeks after TAA injections. EPO attenuated hepatic fibrosis in a dosage-dependent way, as manifested by the diminution in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities, as well as the increase in albumin level. EPO inhibited the increase in tissue levels of tumor necrosis factors-α, interleukin-1β, transforming growth factor-β1, and TLR4 and raised tissue levels of PI3K and p-PI3K. EPO antioxidant properties were demonstrated by restoring hepatic glutathione and superoxide dismutase by preventing the accumulation of hepatic malondialdehyde. Further, EPO increased the protein expression of PI3K and Akt and decreased TLR4 protein expression. Immunohistochemically, EPO treatment altered tissue histology and downregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase protein expression. Overall, the research suggested that EPO could prevent TAA-induced hepatic fibrosis through upregulating the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade and downregulation the TLR4 downstream axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marawan A. Elbaset
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bassim M. S. A. Mohamed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Passant E. Moustafa
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina F. Mansour
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, Attaka, Suez, Egypt
| | - Sherif M. Afifi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Department of Food Development and Food Quality, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Sahar S. M. Abdelrahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12211, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany M. Fayed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
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Dayanir H, Dayanir D, Emmez G, Emmez H, Akyol SN, Iseri N, Uludag OM, Kavutcu M, Ozogul C, Babacan AC. Medical ozone treatment on prevention of epidural fibrosis in the rat model. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:1197-1203. [PMID: 37635617 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_161_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Background/Aim Epidural fibrosis is one of the problems that can be seen after spinal surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible preventive role of medical ozone (O) treatment on epidural fibrosis. Materials and Methods Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were randomly split into four groups: control (C), O, laminectomy (L), and L+O groups. Animals in the C group were sacrificed at the beginning of the experiment. The L and L+O groups had L procedure, while O treatment was supplied for the O and O+L groups. After 42 days of follow-up, for histological evaluation and biochemical measurements, the ratio of epidural fibrosis and catalase (CAT) with malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum, respectively, were analyzed in terms of statistical differences. Results Histologically, a distinct difference was o bserved in the epidural space after O treatment. A significant difference in epidural fibrosis areas is found to be between the O, L, and O+L groups (P < 0,0001). There was no statistically significant difference between CAT and MDA levels that were obtained by spectrophotometric analysis. Conclusion Histological results suggest that medical O treatment after L can be used as an alternative method to prevent epidural fibrosis. Further studies with wide cohorts and interval measures are required to detail the effects of doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dayanir
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Sağlık Bilimleri University, Gulhane Health Vocational School, Anaesthesia Program, Ankara, Turkey
| | - D Dayanir
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - G Emmez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - H Emmez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S N Akyol
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Uskudar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Iseri
- Department of Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - O M Uludag
- Department of Pharmacology, Gazi University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Kavutcu
- Department of Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - C Ozogul
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Kyrenia, University of Kyrenia, Cyprus, Republic of Turkey
| | - A C Babacan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Ofori M, Danquah CA, Asante J, Ativui S, Doe P, Abdul-Nasir Taribabu A, Nugbemado IN, Mensah AN. Betulin and Crinum asiaticum L. bulbs extract attenuate pulmonary fibrosis by down regulating pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory cytokines in bleomycin-induced fibrosis mice model. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16914. [PMID: 37346329 PMCID: PMC10279834 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a lung disease characterized by scaring of lung tissue that impairs lung functions. The estimated survival time of patients with pulmonary fibrosis is 3-5 years. Bleomycin (BLM) is used clinically in the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma and testicular germ-cell tumors. Bleomycin's mechanism of action is the inhibition of DNA and protein synthesis. This happens when leukocytes induce the release of cytokines and chemokines which increase the pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-13, IL-1β and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β). Crinum asiaticum L. bulbs (CAE) are widely found in parts of Africa, Asia and Indian Ocean Island. It is also prevalent in southern part of Ghana and traditionally used by the indigenes to treat upper respiratory tract infections, and for wound healing. Betulin (BET) is found in the bulbs of Crinum asiaticum L. but widely isolated from the external bark of birches and sycamore trees. Betulin as a lupine type triterpenes has been researched for their pharmacological and biological activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial activities and anti-liver fibrosis effects.Aim of the study: The aim was to study the anti-pulmonary fibrosis effect of Crinum asiaticum L. bulbs extract and betulin in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Materials and method There was a single oropharyngeal administration of bleomycin (80 mg/kg) in mice followed by the treatment of CAE and BET after 48 h of exposure to BLM. Results There was increased survival rate in CAE and BET treatment groups compared to the BLM induced group. There was a marked decreased in the levels of hydroxyproline, collagen I and III in the CAE and BET treatment groups compared to BLM-treated group. The treatment groups of CAE and BET significantly down regulated the levels of pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory cytokines concentrations such as TGF-β1, MMP9, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-alpha compared to an increased in the BLM treated groups. The histological findings of the lungs suggested the curative effects of CAE and BET following BLM induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice, the study showed improved lung functions with wide focal area of viable alveolar spaces and few collagen fibers deposition on lungs of treatment groups. Conclusion CAE and BET attenuated pulmonary fibrosis by down regulating pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as improving lung function. This could be a lead in drug discovery where compounds with anti-fibrotic effects could be developed for the treatment of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ofori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Dr Hilla Limann Technical University, Wa, Ghana
- Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | | | - Joshua Asante
- Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Diamed Diagnostic Center, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Selase Ativui
- Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Peace Doe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Central University, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Adwoa Nkrumah Mensah
- Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
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Bedair AF, Wahid A, El-Mezayen NS, Afify EA. Nicorandil reduces morphine withdrawal symptoms, potentiates morphine antinociception, and ameliorates liver fibrosis in rats. Life Sci 2023; 319:121522. [PMID: 36822314 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a serious medical condition affecting patients globally and pain management poses a unique challenge. ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) are expressed in nociceptive neurons and hepatic cells. We tested the hypothesis whether morphine and nicorandil, KATP channel opener, alone and in combination possess hepatoprotective, antinociceptive effect and alter morphine physical dependence. MAIN METHODS Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver fibrosis in male Wistar rats. Nicorandil (15 mg/kg/day) was administered per os for two weeks. Morphine (3.8, 5, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered prior to antinociception testing in tail flick and formalin tests. Morphine physical dependence following naloxone injection, fibrotic, oxidative stress markers, and liver histopathology were assessed. KEY FINDINGS Morphine alone, produced insignificant changes of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), hyaluronic acid (HA), hepatic hydroxyproline (Hyp), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and exerted significant antinociception in the pain models. Nicorandil alone protected against liver damage (decreased serum ALT, AST, HA, hepatic Hyp, MDA, increased SOD levels, improved fibrosis scores). Nicorandil/morphine combination produced remarkable hepatoprotection and persistent analgesia compared to morphine alone as evidenced by reduced (EC50) of morphine. Nicorandil augmented morphine analgesia and markedly decreased withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent rats. SIGNIFICANCE The data showed for the first time, the hepatoprotection and augmented antinociception mediated by nicorandil/morphine combination in liver fibrosis via antioxidant and antifibrotic mechanisms. Nicorandil ameliorated withdrawal signs in morphine dependence in CLD. Thus, combining nicorandil/morphine provides a novel treatment strategy to ameliorate hepatic injury, potentiate antinociception and overcome morphine-induced physical dependence in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asser F Bedair
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Wahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Nesrine S El-Mezayen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Elham A Afify
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Esfahani M, Rahbar AH, Asl SS, Bashirian S, Mir Moeini ES, Mehri F. The Effects of Resveratrol on Silica-Induced Lung Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rat. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:118-123. [PMID: 36941929 PMCID: PMC10024237 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic exposure to silica is related with the provocation of an inflammatory response and oxidative stress mechanism. Vitamin D has multiple benefits in biological activities particularly respiratory system disease. Method In this research, 20 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (5 rats /group) as follow: Group1 received saline as (negative control) group. The group 2 received a single IT instillation of silica (positive control) group; the group 3 was co-administrated with single IT silica and Vitamin D (20 mg/kg/day) daily for a period of 90 days. The rats of group 4 received Vitamin D daily for a period of 90 days. Results Silica significantly increased serum and lung total Oxidant Status (TOS). Meanwhile, silica reduced serum and lung total antioxidant capacity (TAC), GSH and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a). Vitamin D treatment meaningfully reversed oxidative stress, antioxidants status and inflammatory response. Also, Vitamin D improved histopathological changes caused by silica. Conclusion These findings indicate that Vitamin D exerts protective effects against silica-induced lung injury. It seems that Vitamin D has potential use as a therapeutic object for silica induced lung injure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Esfahani
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Rahbar
- Ayatollah Bahari Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saed Bashirian
- Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Effat Sadat Mir Moeini
- Center of Excellence for Occupational Health, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Mehri
- Nutrition Health Research Center, Center of Excellence for Occupational Health, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. Hamadan, Iran
- Corresponding author.
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13
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El-Kashef DH, Sharawy MH. Hepatoprotective effect of nicorandil against acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity in mice via modulating NO synthesis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:14253-14264. [PMID: 36149558 PMCID: PMC9908717 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23139-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose can produce hepatotoxicity and consequently liver damage. This study investigated the hepatoprotective impacts of nicorandil on hepatic damage induced by APAP. Nicorandil was administered orally (100 mg/kg) for seven days before APAP challenge (500 mg/kg, ip). Pretreatment with nicorandil reduced serum levels of aminotransferases, bilirubin, GGT and LDH, and increased serum level of albumin. Moreover, nicorandil inhibited the increase in liver MDA levels and reversed the decline in GSH content and SOD activity. Besides, it notably alleviated APAP-induced necrosis observed in histopathological findings. Additionally, nicorandil alleviated APAP-induced NO overproduction and iNOS expression; however, the protein expression of eNOS was significantly increased. Moreover, nicorandil markedly reduced hepatic TNF-α and NF-κB levels, in addition to decreasing the protein expression of MPO in hepatic tissues. Furthermore, flow cytometry (annexin V-FITC/PI) displayed a significant decline in late apoptotic and necrotic cells, and an increase in viable cells in nicorandil group. Also, nicorandil caused a significant boost in hepatic antiapoptotic marker bcl-2 level. The presented data proposed that the protective effect of nicorandil might be attributed to its antioxidant, its impact on NO homeostasis, and its anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, nicorandil may be a promising candidate for protection from liver injury induced by APAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia H. El-Kashef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Maha H. Sharawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
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14
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Effects of Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Markers of Inflammation and Fibrosis in a Rat Model of Pulmonary Silicosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031857. [PMID: 36768179 PMCID: PMC9916388 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of silica particles causes inflammatory changes leading to fibrotizing silicosis. Considering a lack of effective therapy, and a growing information on the wide actions of green tea polyphenols, particularly epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the aim of this study was to evaluate the early effects of EGCG on markers of inflammation and lung fibrosis in silicotic rats. The silicosis model was induced by a single transoral intratracheal instillation of silica (50 mg/mL/animal), while controls received an equivalent volume of saline. The treatment with intraperitoneal EGCG (20 mg/kg, or saline in controls) was initiated the next day after silica instillation and was given twice a week. Animals were euthanized 14 or 28 days after the treatment onset, and the total and differential counts of leukocytes in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), wet/dry lung weight ratio, and markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in the lung were determined. The presence of collagen and smooth muscle mass in the walls of bronchioles and lung vessels was investigated immunohistochemically. Early treatment with EGCG showed some potential to alleviate inflammation, and a trend to decrease oxidative stress-induced changes, including apoptosis, and a prevention of fibrotic changes in the bronchioles and pulmonary vessels. However, further investigations should be undertaken to elucidate the effects of EGCG in the lung silicosis model in more detail. In addition, because of insufficient data from EGCG delivery in silicosis, the positive and eventual adverse effects of this herbal compound should be carefully studied before any preventive use or therapy with EGCG may be recommended.
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Salama A, Elgohary R, Mowaad N, Sadek D, Abdelhamid W. Toxic effect of carpet dust on the biochemical indices and histological structure of the lung in rats: the potential role of cytochrome P450 2E1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Biomarkers 2023; 28:289-301. [PMID: 36588463 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2023.2164905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Carpet dust exposure in the carpet industry causes various respiratory hazards that lead to permanent loss of lung function. This study investigated the potentially toxic effects of knotted and tufted carpet dust on rat lungs and the possible involvement of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK) pathways in the induced toxicity, as well as histological changes in the lung induced by carpet dust.Methods: This study divided 48 adult rats into six groups: group I was the control group, group II (vehicle group) received phosphate buffer saline (50 µL/rat), groups III and IV received knotted dust (2.5 and 5 mg/kg, respectively), and groups V and VI received tufted dust (2.5 and 5 mg/kg, respectively). All treatments were intranasally administered once a day for 7 days.Results: Both dust types significantly decreased the lung content of GSH compared with the control. Significantly elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) lung contents were observed with an increased CYP2E1, interleukin (IL)-6, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κβ), and ERK/MAPK. The histological lung structure was moderately affected with a moderately increased number of CD68-positive macrophages in the lung parenchyma of knotted dust-exposed rats, whereas tufted dust exposure severely affected the lung tissue with significantly increased CD68-positive macrophages.Conclusions: Carpet dust exposure could induce oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the lung tissue via induction of CYP2E1 that stimulates ERK/MAPK signalling pathway proteins, resulting in elevated MDA, NO and IL-6 levels in the lung tissue with suppressed GSH content. Tufted dust could possess a more toxic response than knotted ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Salama
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha Mowaad
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Sadek
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Abdelhamid
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Harb I, Ashour H, Rashed LA, Mostafa A, Samir M, Aboulhoda BE, El-Hanbuli H, Rashwan E, Mahmoud H. Nicorandil mitigates amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity and fibrosis in association with the inhibition of lung TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt1-p/mTOR axis in rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:96-106. [PMID: 36208078 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The long-term side effect of the antiarrhythmic drug, amiodarone (AMIO), such as lung toxicity, remains a critical clinical issue. The previous knowledge denotes diverse antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties of the anti-anginal drug, nicorandil (NI). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of NI on pulmonary tissue remodelling following AMIO-induced lung toxicity. The included rats were assigned into four equal groups (n = 8): (1) control, (2) control group that received NI 10 mg kg-1 day-1 , (3) model group that received AMIO in a dose of 60 mg kg-1 day-1 , and (4) treated group (AMIO-NI) that were treated with AMIO plus NI as shown above. Drug administration continued for 10 weeks. AMIO resulted in deteriorated (p < 0.001) pulmonary functions accompanied by respiratory acidosis. AMIO showed an obvious histological injury score with intense collagen deposition, disturbed nitric oxide synthase enzymes (NOS/iNOS), and increased alpha smooth muscle actin expression. Furthermore, AMIO upregulated the transforming growth factor (TGF-β1)/phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)-Akt1-p/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis, which determined the possible mechanism of AMIO on pulmonary remodelling. NI treatment significantly (p < 0.001) prevented the AMIO-induced lung toxicity, as well as inhibited the TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt1-p/mTOR axis in the lung tissue of rats. The results were confirmed by an in-vitro study. CONCLUSION: The current results revealed that NI was effective in preserving the lung structure and functions. Amelioration of the oxidative stress and modulation of TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt1-p/mTOR have been achieved. This study suggests NI administration as a preventive therapy from the serious pulmonary fibrosis side effect of AMIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas Harb
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hend Ashour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, KingKhalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Laila A Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abeer Mostafa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mai Samir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Basma Emad Aboulhoda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hala El-Hanbuli
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Eman Rashwan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Heba Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Effects of early dexamethasone treatment on several markers of inflammation and fibrosis in an animal model of lung silicosis in rats – A pilot study. ACTA MEDICA MARTINIANA 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/acm-2022-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Lung silicosis is primarily caused by inhalation of particles of silicon oxide (silica). Despite a huge progress in understanding the interactions among the pathomechanisms of lung silicosis in the last years, there is a lack of effective therapy. With respect to a wide therapeutic action of corticosteroids, the purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate early effects of dexamethasone on several markers of inflammation and lung fibrosis in a rat model of silicosis. The silicosis model was induced by a single transoral intratracheal instillation of silica (50 mg/ml/animal), while the controls received an equivalent volume of sterile saline. The treatment with intraperitoneal dexamethasone initiated the next day after the silica instillation and was given 2-times a week at a dose of 1 mg/kg, while the controls received an equivalent volume of saline. The animals were euthanized 14 or 28 days after the treatment onset. Total and differential counts of leukocytes in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were determined. The presence of collagen in the bronchioles and lung vessels was detected by Sirius red staining and a smooth muscle mass was detected by smooth muscle actin. In comparison to saline, the instillation of silica increased the total count of circulating leukocytes after 14 and 28 days of the experiment (both p<0.05), which was associated with higher counts of lymphocytes (p<0.05 after 14 days, p>0.05 after 28 days) and slight but non-significant increases in neutrophils and eosinophils (both p>0.05). Although the total cell count in the BAL fluid did not change significantly, the percentages and absolute counts of neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes (p<0.05, p<0.01 or p<0.001) elevated after 14 and 28 days of the experiment. Silica induced an accumulation of collagen in the bronchioles (p<0.001 after both 14 and 28 days) and pulmonary vessels (p<0.01 after both 14 and 28 days) and elevated a formation of smooth muscle mass (p<0.05 after 14 days, p<0.01 or p<0.001 after 28 days). Treatment with dexamethasone decreased circulating leukocytes (p<0.01) and lymphocytes (p<0.001) and increased neutrophils (p<0.05), which was associated with a slightly decreased total cell count in BAL (p>0.05), decline in lymphocytes (p<0.01), and slight decreases in neutrophils and eosinophils after 28 days of the treatment. Moreover, dexamethasone reduced the accumulation of collagen (p<0.01 after 14 days and p<0.001 after 28 days) and the formation of smooth muscle mass (p<0.01 for bronchioles and p>0.05 for vessels after 24 days, p<0.001 for both bronchioles and vessels after 28 days). In conclusion, early dexamethasone treatment mitigated silica-induced granulocytic-lymphocytic inflammation and decreased a formation of collagen and smooth muscle mass in the bronchiolar and vascular walls, demonstrating a therapeutic potential of dexamethasone in the lung silicosis.
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18
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Lu Y, Zhang Y, Xu D, Wang Y, Pan D, Xia H, Sun G. Long course of low-dose dexamethasone following or after bleomycin administration ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Sun Q, Tao X, Li B, Cao H, Chen H, Zou Y, Tao H, Mu M, Wang W, Xu K. C-X-C-Chemokine-Receptor-Type-4 Inhibitor AMD3100 Attenuates Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis in Silicotic Mice. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5827-5843. [PMID: 36238768 PMCID: PMC9553317 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s372751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silicosis is a severe pulmonary disease caused by inhaling dust containing crystalline silica. The progression of silicosis to pulmonary fibrosis is usually unavoidable. Recent studies have revealed positivity for the overexpression of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) in pulmonary fibrosis and shown that the CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 attenuated pulmonary fibrosis after bleomycin challenge and paraquat exposure. However, it is unclear whether AMD3100 reduces crystalline silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Methods C57BL/6 male mice were instilled intranasally with a single dose of crystalline silica (12 mg/60 μL) to establish an acute silicosis mouse model. Twelve hours later, the mice were injected intraperitoneally with 5 mg/kg AMD3100 or control solution. Then, the mice were weighed daily and sacrificed on day 7, 14, or 28 to collect lung tissue and peripheral blood. Western blotting was also applied to determine the level of CXCR4, while different histological techniques were used to assess pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, the level of B cells in peripheral blood was measured by flow cytometry. Results CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 were upregulated in the lung tissues of crystalline silica-exposed mice. Blocking CXCR4 with AMD3100 suppressed the upregulation of CXCR4/CXCL12, reduced the severity of lung injury, and prevented weight loss. It also inhibited neutrophil infiltration at inflammatory sites and neutrophil extracellular trap formation, as well as reduced B-lymphocyte aggregates in the lung. Additionally, it decreased the recruitment of circulating fibrocytes (CD45+collagen I+CXCR4+) to the lung and the deposition of collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin in lung tissue. AMD3100 also increased the level of B cells in peripheral blood, preventing circulating B cells from migrating to the injured lungs. Conclusion Blocking CXCR4 with AMD3100 delays pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in a silicosis mouse model, suggesting the potential of AMD3100 as a drug for treating silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixian Sun
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinrong Tao
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Control and Occupational Health, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Xinrong Tao, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Bing Li
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hangbing Cao
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoming Chen
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Zou
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huihui Tao
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Control and Occupational Health, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Mu
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Control and Occupational Health, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenyang Wang
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keyi Xu
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Control and Occupational Health, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety, Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China,Engineering Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Anhui Province, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Tang M, Yang Z, Liu J, Zhang X, Guan L, Liu X, Zeng M. Combined intervention with N-acetylcysteine and desipramine alleviated silicosis development by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and ASMase/ceramide signaling pathways. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113914. [PMID: 35878501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicosis is a systemic disease characterized by diffuse fibrosis of the lung tissue caused by long-term inhalation of large amounts of free silica (SiO2) dust. The pathogenesis of silicosis has not been fully elucidated, and there is a lack of effective treatment methods. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can potentially treat pulmonary fibrosis by exerting antioxidant effects. Desipramine (DMI) can influence pulmonary fibrosis development by inhibiting acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) activity and regulating ceramide concentrations. Both can interfere with pulmonary fibrosis through different mechanisms, but the intervention effects of NAC combined with DMI on silicosis fibrosis have not been reported. Therefore, this study established a rat silicosis model using a single tracheal drip of SiO2 dust suspension in Wistar rats to investigate the effect of NAC combined with DMI on SiO2 dust-induced silicosis and its related molecular mechanisms. The histopathological examination of the SiO2 dust-induced silicosis rats suggested that NAC and DMI alone or in combination could decrease the severity of pulmonary fibrosis in rats. The combined intervention had a better effect on reducing fibrosis than the individual interventions. NAC and DMI, alone or in combination, decreased the levels of markers related to pulmonary fibrosis in rats (smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA), collagen (Col) I, Col III, hydroxyproline (HYP), inflammatory factors (transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), and lipid peroxidase malondialdehyde (MDA)). The nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and ASMase/ceramide pathways were inhibited to some extent by increasing the superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels of antioxidant enzymes and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) levels of lipid peroxides. The combined intervention and NAC alone inhibited the SiO2 dust-induced elevation of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), but the effect was not significant in the DMI-treated group. Combining DMI and NAC inhibited Col I deposition and reduced HO-1, TIMP-1, and ASMase levels in lung tissues compared to individual treatments. In summary, the SiO2 dust could induce oxidative stress and inflammation in rats, resulting in an imbalance in extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis/catabolism and ASMase/ceramide signaling pathway activation, leading to silicosis development.The combined intervention of DMI and NAC may synergistically regulate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, maintain the anabolic balance of the ECM, inhibit ASMase/ceramide signaling pathway activation by suppressing the inflammatory response and effectively delay silicosis fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Tang
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Tongxiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiangfei Zhang
- Chengdu Longquanyi Disease Prevention and Control Center, Cheng Du, Si Chuan Province, China
| | - Lan Guan
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xinming Liu
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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Gartz M, Haberman M, Prom MJ, Beatka MJ, Strande JL, Lawlor MW. A Long-Term Study Evaluating the Effects of Nicorandil Treatment on Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy-Associated Cardiomyopathy in mdx Mice. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2022; 27:10742484221088655. [PMID: 35353647 DOI: 10.1177/10742484221088655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disease caused by dystrophin gene mutations affecting striated muscle. Due to advances in skeletal muscle treatment, cardiomyopathy has emerged as a leading cause of death. Previously, nicorandil, a drug with antioxidant and nitrate-like properties, ameliorated cardiac damage and improved cardiac function in young, injured mdx mice. Nicorandil mitigated damage by stimulating antioxidant activity and limiting pro-oxidant expression. Here, we examined whether nicorandil was similarly cardioprotective in aged mdx mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Nicorandil (6 mg/kg) was given over 15 months. Echocardiography of mdx mice showed some functional defects at 12 months compared to wild-type (WT) mice, but not at 15 months. Disease manifestation was evident in mdx mice via treadmill assays and survival, but not open field and grip strength assays. Cardiac levels of SOD2 and NOX4 were decreased in mdx vs. WT. Nicorandil increased survival in mdx but did not alter cardiac function, fibrosis, diaphragm function or muscle fatigue. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to our prior work in young, injured mdx mice, nicorandil did not exert cardioprotective effects in 15 month aged mdx mice. Discordant findings may be explained by the lack of cardiac disease manifestation in aged mdx mice compared to WT, whereas significant cardiac dysfunction was previously seen with the sub-acute injury in young mice. Therefore, we are not able to conclude any cardioprotective effects with long-term nicorandil treatment in aging mdx mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Gartz
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Center, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Neuroscience Research Center, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Margaret Haberman
- Cardiovascular Research Center, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Neuroscience Research Center, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Medicine, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Mariah J Prom
- Neuroscience Research Center, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Margaret J Beatka
- Neuroscience Research Center, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jennifer L Strande
- Cardiovascular Research Center, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Medicine, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael W Lawlor
- Neuroscience Research Center, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 5506Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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22
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Zong Y, Li J, Xu X, Xu X. Effects of nicorandil on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with coronary heart disease. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211058873. [PMID: 34871513 PMCID: PMC8652181 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211058873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study investigated the effects of a bolus intracoronary injection of nicorandil on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods Patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) were enrolled into the CAG group (n = 30). Patients undergoing PCI were randomly divided into the PCI (n = 30) and PCI + nicorandil groups (n = 30). Results Blood taken from patients in the placebo group 24 hours after PCI exhibited significant increases in the expression of inflammatory indicators and mild increases in the expression of anti-inflammatory indicators. The intracoronary injection of nicorandil reversed the elevation of inflammatory indicators and significantly increased the levels of anti-inflammatory indicators in the blood of patients with PCI. Blood taken from patients in the placebo group 24 hours after PCI also displayed significant decreased superoxide dismutase levels and increased malondialdehyde levels. Nicorandil treatment reversed these changes of oxidative stress marker levels. Conclusions These results indicated the possible medical application of intracoronary injections of nicorandil for reducing systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in the peripheral blood of patients undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zong
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Cardiology, 66310First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xinghua Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xingli Xu
- Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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23
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Tianyu Z, Liying G. Identifying the molecular targets and mechanisms of xuebijing injection for the treatment of COVID-19 via network parmacology and molecular docking. Bioengineered 2021; 12:2274-2287. [PMID: 34077310 PMCID: PMC8806894 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1933301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Xuebijing Injection have been found to improve the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 and alleviate disease severity, but the mechanisms are currently unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential molecular targets and mechanisms of the Xuebijing injection in treating COVID-19 via network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis. The main active ingredients and therapeutic targets of the Xuebijing injection, and the pathogenic targets of COVID-19 were screened using the TCMSP, UniProt, and GeneCard databases. According to the ‘Drug-Ingredients-Targets-Disease’ network built by STRING and Cytoscape, AKT1 was identified as the core target, and baicalein, luteolin, and quercetin were identified as the active ingredients of the Xuebijing injection in connection with AKT1. R language was used for enrichment analysis that predict the mechanisms by which the Xuebijing injection may inhibit lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammatory response, modulate NOS activity, and regulate the TNF signal pathway by affecting the role of AKT1. Based on the results of network pharmacology, a molecular docking was performed with AKT1 and the three active ingredients, the results indicated that all three active ingredients could stably bind with AKT1. These findings identify potential molecular mechanisms by which Xuebijing Injection inhibit COVID-19 by acting on AKT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Tianyu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan Liying
- Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University; Changchun City, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
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24
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Mechanism of Yifei Decoction Combined with MitoQ on Inhibition of TGF β1/NOX4 and PDGF/ROCK Signal Pathway in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6615615. [PMID: 34135982 PMCID: PMC8177988 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6615615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Rho-related coiled helix forming protein kinase (Rho-ROCK) and another important fibrogenic factor-PDGF play a critical role in collagen deposition in rat lung tissue. Yifei decoction (YFT), a Chinese herbal decoction, has been used to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in clinical practice and has produced positive outcomes; however, convincing evidence is currently lacking. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of YFT combined with MitoQ in rats with IPF and to explore the underlying mechanism. Methods Rat IPF model was established by endotracheal injection of 5 mg/kg BleomycinA5 into the specific pathogen-free SD rats. MitoQ (6.5 μmol/kg once daily), YFT (10 ml/kg once daily), and MitoQ + YFT (6.5 μmol/kg + 10 ml/kg once daily) were used to treat the rat model for 4 weeks, respectively. The normal rats without IPF were used as the controls. After 4 weeks of drug treatment, lung histopathology was assessed. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of fibronectin and collagen IV in lung tissue. The expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, GSH-Px, SOD, MDA, and hydroxyproline was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expressions of TGFβ1, NOX4, PDGFR-β, and ROCK1 were determined using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. Results After 4 weeks of drug treatment, comparison of the MitoQ + YFT group with the IPF group showed that lung injury scores, W/D, lung tissue hydroxyproline, fibronectin, collagen IV content, and IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA levels were significantly lower (P < 0.05), as well as the expression of TGFβ1, NOX4, PDGFR-β, and ROCK1, but the activity of GSH-Px and SOD was higher (P < 0.05). Conclusion MitoQ combined with YFT can improve lung injury in rats with pulmonary fibrosis by reducing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and inhibiting TGFβ1/NOX4 and PDGF/ROCK signaling pathways. It may provide a new method for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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25
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Zhang J, Cui J, Li X, Hao X, Guo L, Wang H, Liu H. Increased secretion of VEGF-C from SiO 2-induced pulmonary macrophages promotes lymphangiogenesis through the Src/eNOS pathway in silicosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 218:112257. [PMID: 33933809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silicosis, a type of lung inflammation and fibrosis caused by long-term inhalation of SiO2 particles, lacks effective treatment currently. Based on the results of our previous animal experiments, in lungs of SiO2-induced silicosis rats, a large number of lymphatic vessels are generated in the early stage of inflammation, which is of great significance for the removal of dust and inflammatory mediators. Here, the molecular mechanism of lymphangiogenesis is further studied. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-C) is a key pro-lymphangiogenic factor, and its elevated expression is closely related to lymphangiogenesis. In this investigation, we demonstrated that the protein level of VEGF-C was differentially expressed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and alveolar macrophages (AM) in silicosis patients and healthy controls. We further stimulated human monocyte-macrophage line U937 with SiO2, collected the culture supernatants as conditioned medium (CM) for culturing lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in vitro, and observed the expression of VEGF-C in the supernatant and its effect on LEC tube formation. The results showed that both CM and single VEGF-C recombinant protein stimulation significantly enhanced LEC proliferation [(1.80 ± 0.18), (1.73 ± 0.16)], chemotaxis [chemotactic cell number (101.40 ± 13.83), (93.40 ± 9.61)], and tube formation [tube number (32.20 ± 7.26), (25.00 ± 6.25); branch number (77.20 ± 6.80), (84.60 ± 7.90)], whereas CM treated with VEGF-CmAb inhibited the proliferation (1.37 ± 0.17), chemotaxis [chemotactic cell number (57.40 ± 8.62)], and tube formation [tube number (7.40 ± 1.85); branch number (47.20 ± 13.44)] of LECs. In addition, CM and VEGF-C can promote the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) and lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1) in LECs, which may further mediate lymphangiogenesis by up-regulating the Src/eNOS downstream signaling molecular pathway. This study is the first to clarify the molecular mechanism of pulmonary lymphangiogenesis in silicosis and may point in the direction of eventual treatments, surveillance, and regulation at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Zhang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Jie Cui
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Xinying Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Xiaohui Hao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Lingli Guo
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Heliang Liu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China.
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Adamcakova J, Mokra D. New Insights into Pathomechanisms and Treatment Possibilities for Lung Silicosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084162. [PMID: 33920534 PMCID: PMC8072896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of silica particles is an environmental and occupational cause of silicosis, a type of pneumoconiosis. Development of the lung silicosis is a unique process in which the vicious cycle of ingestion of inhaled silica particles by alveolar macrophages and their release triggers inflammation, generation of nodular lesions, and irreversible fibrosis. The pathophysiology of silicosis is complex, and interactions between the pathomechanisms have not been completely understood. However, elucidation of silica-induced inflammation cascades and inflammation-fibrosis relations has uncovered several novel possibilities of therapeutic targeting. This article reviews new information on the pathophysiology of silicosis and points out several promising treatment approaches targeting silicosis-related pathways.
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27
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Qi XM, Luo Y, Song MY, Liu Y, Shu T, Liu Y, Pang JL, Wang J, Wang C. Pneumoconiosis: current status and future prospects. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:898-907. [PMID: 33879753 PMCID: PMC8078400 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pneumoconiosis refers to a spectrum of pulmonary diseases caused by inhalation of mineral dust, usually as the result of certain occupations. The main pathological features include chronic pulmonary inflammation and progressive pulmonary fibrosis, which can eventually lead to death caused by respiratory and/or heart failure. Pneumoconiosis is widespread globally, seriously threatening global public health. Its high incidence and mortality lie in improper occupational protection, and in the lack of early diagnostic methods and effective treatments. This article reviews the epidemiology, safeguard procedures, diagnosis, and treatment of pneumoconiosis, and summarizes recent research advances and future research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Mei Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ya Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mei-Yue Song
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ting Shu
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Physiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jun-Ling Pang
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Physiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Lenz M, Kaun C, Krychtiuk KA, Haider P, Brekalo M, Maier N, Goederle L, Binder CJ, Huber K, Hengstenberg C, Wojta J, Hohensinner PJ, Speidl WS. Effects of Nicorandil on Inflammation, Apoptosis and Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020120. [PMID: 33513743 PMCID: PMC7912627 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicorandil, a balanced vasodilator, is used in the second-line therapy of angina pectoris. In this study, we aimed to illuminate the effects of nicorandil on inflammation, apoptosis, and atherosclerotic plaque progression. Twenty-five LDL-R -/- mice were fed a high-fat diet for 14 weeks. After 6 weeks mice were randomly allocated to treatment with nicorandil (10 mg/kg/day) or tap water. Nicorandil treatment led to a more stable plaque phenotype, displaying an increased thickness of the fibrous cap (p = 0.014), a significant reduction in cholesterol clefts (p = 0.045), and enhanced smooth muscle cell content (p = 0.009). In endothelial cells nicorandil did not reduce the induction of adhesion molecules or proinflammatory cytokines. In H2O2 challenged endothelial cells, pretreatment with nicorandil significantly reduced the percentage of late apoptotic/necrotic cells (p = 0.016) and the ratio of apoptotic to living cells (p = 0.036). Atherosclerotic lesions of animals treated with nicorandil exhibited a significantly decreased content of cleaved caspase-3 (p = 0.034), lower numbers of apoptotic nuclei (p = 0.040), and reduced 8-oxogunanine staining (p = 0.039), demonstrating a stabilizing effect of nicorandil in established atherosclerotic lesions. We suggest that nicorandil has a positive effect on atherosclerotic plaque stabilization by reducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Lenz
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (C.K.); (K.A.K.); (P.H.); (M.B.); (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.W.); (W.S.S.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Kaun
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (C.K.); (K.A.K.); (P.H.); (M.B.); (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.W.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Konstantin A. Krychtiuk
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (C.K.); (K.A.K.); (P.H.); (M.B.); (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.W.); (W.S.S.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Haider
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (C.K.); (K.A.K.); (P.H.); (M.B.); (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.W.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Mira Brekalo
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (C.K.); (K.A.K.); (P.H.); (M.B.); (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.W.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Nadine Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (C.K.); (K.A.K.); (P.H.); (M.B.); (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.W.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Laura Goederle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.G.); (C.J.B.)
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph J. Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.G.); (C.J.B.)
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kurt Huber
- 3rd Medical Department for Cardiology and Emergency Medicine, Wilhelminenhospital and Sigmund Freud University, 1160 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (C.K.); (K.A.K.); (P.H.); (M.B.); (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.W.); (W.S.S.)
| | - Johann Wojta
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (C.K.); (K.A.K.); (P.H.); (M.B.); (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.W.); (W.S.S.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp J. Hohensinner
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (C.K.); (K.A.K.); (P.H.); (M.B.); (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.W.); (W.S.S.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-73515
| | - Walter S. Speidl
- Department of Internal Medicine II—Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (C.K.); (K.A.K.); (P.H.); (M.B.); (N.M.); (C.H.); (J.W.); (W.S.S.)
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Ezzat DM, Soliman AM, El-Kashef DH. Nicorandil mitigates folic acid-induced nephrotoxicity in mice: Role of iNOS and eNOS. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22692. [PMID: 33404076 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a commonly used model in experimental animals for studying renal injury. This study aimed to investigate the probable protecting impact of nicorandil against FA-induced renal dysfunction. A mouse model was executed by a single injection of FA (250 mg/kg). Nicorandil was orally administrated in two doses (50 and 100 mg/kg) for 10 days. Nicorandil repressed the progression of FA-induced AKI as evidenced by the improvement of histopathological alterations and the substantial decrease of serum levels of creatinine, urea, blood urea nitrogen, malondialdehyde (MDA), and urinary protein levels. Moreover, nicorandil resulted in a profound reduction in oxidative stress as manifested by decreased MDA and increased reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase in renal tissue. Notably, nicorandil suppressed FA-induced inflammation; it reduced renal levels of nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6. Furthermore, nicorandil decreased renal levels of nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Lastly, nicorandil efficiently decreased expression of the proapoptotic protein (Bax) and caspase 3. Nicorandil confers dose-dependent protection against FA-induced AKI by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammation besides modulating nitric oxide synthase and reducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia M Ezzat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Dalia H El-Kashef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Mohamed SA, El-Kashef DH, Nader MA. Tiron alleviates MPTP-induced Parkinsonism in mice via activation of Keap-1/Nrf2 pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22685. [PMID: 33368846 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Parkinsonism is a neurodegenerative disease that is common all over the world. This study aimed at exploring the neuroprotective effect of tiron against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinsonism. MPTP (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [ip]) was injected in mice daily for 5 consecutive days. Mice were treated with tiron (140 and 280 mg/kg, ip) or levodopa (8.4 mg/kg, orally) for 10 consecutive days starting 5 days before MPTP injection. At the end of the experiment, behavioral tests were conducted to assess the neuroprotective effect of tiron. Moreover, oxidative stress was assessed via measuring antioxidant enzyme, such as catalase, and lipid peroxidation was evaluated as malondialdehyde. Neuronal damage was also detected by histopathological examination and via estimating hippocampal levels of dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2. In addition, the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 and heme oxygenase-1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Compared with the blank control group and the positive control group, the inhibitory effect of tiron on MPTP-induced neurodegenerative injury was statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrook A Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Dalia H El-Kashef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manar A Nader
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Ashour H, Elsayed MH, Elmorsy S, Harb IA. Hypothesis: The potential therapeutic role of nicorandil in COVID-19. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1791-1797. [PMID: 32881062 PMCID: PMC7436472 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
At present, there is yet no specific antiviral treatment or immunization against the newly identified human severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS‐CoV2) that results in a rapidly progressive pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). We believe in a crucial need for a clinical strategy to counteract this viral pandemic based on the known pathogenesis throughout the disease course. Evidence suggests that exaggerated patient's inflammatory response and oxidative stress are likely to aggravate the disease pathology. The resulting endothelial dysfunction further induces fibrosis and coagulopathy. These disturbances can generate severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that can progress into respiratory and circulatory failure. Nicorandil is an anti‐anginal vasodilator drug acts by increasing nitric oxide bioavailability and opening of the KATP channel. Recently, nicorandil has been recognized to possess multiple protective effects against tissue injury. Here, we address a possible modulatory role of nicorandil against COVID‐19 pathogenesis. We hypothesise nicorandil would be an effective form of adjuvant therapy against COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Ashour
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kasr Alainy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Elsayed
- Department of Pediatrics ICU, Al-Ahrar Teaching Hospital, Zagazig, Egypt.,Department of Pediatrics ICU, King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha Elmorsy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Inas A Harb
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Liu S, Chen D, Li X, Guan M, Zhou Y, Li L, Jia W, Zhou C, Shu C, Wang C, Bai C. Fullerene nanoparticles: a promising candidate for the alleviation of silicosis-associated pulmonary inflammation. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:17470-17479. [PMID: 32808001 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04401f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to crystalline silica causes the development of silicosis, which is one of the most important occupational diseases worldwide. In the early stage of silicosis, inhaled silica crystals initiate oxidative stress, a cycle of persistent inflammation and lung injury. And it is crucial to prevent the deteriorative progression in the onset of the disease. Herein, we present a promising candidate for the treatment of crystalline silica-induced pulmonary inflammation, using a silicosis mouse model caused by intratracheal instillation based on local administration of β-alanine and hydroxyl functionalized C70 fullerene nanoparticles (FNs). The results demonstrate that FNs could significantly alleviate inflammatory cells infiltration, lower the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reduce the destruction of lung architecture stimulated by crystalline silica. Further investigations reveal that FNs could effectively inhibit the activation of NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3) inflammasome, and thus prevent the secretion of mature IL-1β and neutrophil influx, deriving from the superior ROS scavenging capability. Importantly, FNs could not cause any obvious toxicity after pulmonary administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daiqin Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mirong Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wang Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunying Shu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunru Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunli Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Abdelzaher WY, Khalaf HM, El-Hussieny M, Bayoumi A, Shehata S, Refaie M. Role of nitric oxide donor in methotrexate-induced testicular injury via modulation of pro-inflammatory mediators, eNOS and P-glycoprotein. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1700-1709. [PMID: 32666843 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120940361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent but its clinical use is challenged with different forms of toxicities including testicular injury. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of potassium channel opener, nicorandil (NIC) (3 and 10 mg/kg/day) on MTX-induced testicular injury in a rat model. Rats were randomly divided into four groups (nine rats each) and treated for 2 weeks as follows: (I) normal control (CON group) received vehicle, (II) model group (MTX group) given MTX (20 mg/kg) single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection dose on 11th day, (III) MTX + NLD group treated with NIC (3 mg/kg/day) orally for 2 weeks and MTX (20 mg/kg) single i.p. dose on 11th day, and (IV) MTX + NHD group treated with NIC (10 mg/kg/day) orally for 2 weeks and MTX (20 mg/kg) single i.p. injection on the 11th day. The testicular injury was assessed biochemically via serum testosterone, total antioxidant capacity, testicular oxidative stress parameters, P-glycoprotein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1β. Furthermore, histopathological evaluation, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) immunoexpression, and detection of p53 expression level using Western blotting were performed. Results showed that MTX induced testicular injury which was proved by both biochemical and histopathological evaluations. Our results concluded that NIC pretreatment attenuated MTX-induced testicular injury via significantly increased eNOS immunoexpression, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Interestingly, NIC high dose is more protective than low dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Abdelzaher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - H M Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - M El-Hussieny
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ama Bayoumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - S Shehata
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mmm Refaie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Makled MN, El-Kashef DH. Saroglitazar attenuates renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction via inhibiting TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Life Sci 2020; 253:117729. [PMID: 32348836 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive nephropathy is a common clinical case that causes chronic kidney disease and ultimately progresses to end-stage renal disease. The activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) reduces tubulointerstitial fibrosis and inflammation associated with obstructive nephropathy. AIMS This study was carried out to investigate the potential effect of saroglitazar, dual PPAR-α/γ agonist, in alleviating renal fibrosis induced by unilateralureteral obstruction (UUO). MAIN METHODS Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were haphazardly divided into four groups of six rats each, including sham operated group, vehicle- or saroglitazar-treated UUO and saroglitazar groups. Rats received oral gavage of saroglitazar (3 mg/kg/day) for 13 days. On day 14, all rats were sacrificed; blood and renal tissues were collected. KEY FINDINGS Saroglitazar inhibited UUO-induced oxidative stress; it decreased the elevated levels of MDA and nitric oxide and increased levels of GSH and SOD in renal tissue. Moreover, saroglitazar repressed UUO-induced inflammation; it decreased the renal levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Furthermore, saroglitazar inhibited the accumulation of extracellular matrix via decreasing collagen, hydroxylproline and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels. Saroglitazar also decreased the expression of both the alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-β). These effects were in parallel with reduction in mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (smad3) expression and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, the protective impact of saroglitazar might be attributed to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects against UUO-induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis through its regulatory effect on TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirhan N Makled
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Dalia H El-Kashef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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Ameliorative effect of nicorandil in ovarian ischemia-reperfusion-induced injury in rats: role of potassium channel. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1599-1610. [PMID: 32266443 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01854-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian torsion is a gynecological emergency that leads to serious outcomes. Nicorandil (NIC) is an ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel activator that protects the heart from ischemia. The current study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of action of NIC in ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (OIR) and possible KATP participation. Twenty-four female albino rats were classified into 4 groups: sham control, OIR, OIR + NIC, OIR + NIC+ glibenclamide (GLB) groups. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), ovarian malondialdehyde (MDA), total nitrites (NOx) contents, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were evaluated. Bax and Bcl2 mRNA were also assessed. Histological and immunohistochemical (anti-COX-2 and anti CD68) studies were done. The OIR non-treated group showed histopathological ovarian injury with decreased AMH level. Ovarian MDA, NOx, and Bax mRNA and the expression of COX-2 and CD68 were increased; however, SOD activity and Bcl2 mRNA level were decreased by OIR. NIC significantly ameliorated the histopathological ovarian injury with the restoration of AMH level. NIC significantly corrected oxidative stress and apoptotic biomarkers with decreased COX-2 and CD68 immunostaining. GLB co-administration significantly decreased the protection afforded by NIC. These results imply that NIC has a protective role against OIR via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects and such protection relies, at least partially, on the KATP channel.
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36
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Effects of nicorandil on neurobehavioral function, BBB integrity, edema and stereological parameters of the brain in the sub-acute phase of stroke in a rat model. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-0021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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El-Kashef DH, Abdelrahman RS. Montelukast ameliorates Concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice via inhibiting TNF-α/JNK signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 393:114931. [PMID: 32109511 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.114931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concanavalin A (ConA) is a well-established model to induce autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in mice which mimics pathological alterations that occur in human. The pathogenesis of ConA-induced AIH involves many signaling pathways. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that is mainly used in the management of asthma. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of montelukast have been reported in previous studies. Lately, montelukast has been documented to confer protection against various inflammatory diseases. Up to date, no study has explored the effect of montelukast on AIH induced by ConA. AIM AND METHOD This study aims to detect the protective effects of montelukast (10 mg/kg) on ConA (20 mg/kg)- induced AIH in mice and to demonstrate its hepatoprotective mechanisms. Hepatic function, histological changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, and apoptotic markers were investigated. RESULTS Hepatic function and histological data revealed that treatment with montelukast significantly attenuated ConA-induced hepatic damage. Montelukast significantly reduced JNK level and NFκB p65 expression, and inhibited proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) as well as oxidative stress (MDA, NO, and GSH). Moreover, inflammatory cells (CD4+ infiltration and the levels of apoptotic markers (Bax and caspase-3) besides autophagy biomarkers (Beclin1 and LC3) were reduced. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that montelukast could be a potential therapeutic drug against the ConA-induced AIH through its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti- autophagy as well as anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia H El-Kashef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rehab S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawwarah, 30001, Saudi Arabia. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Kseibati MO, Shehatou GSG, Sharawy MH, Eladl AE, Salem HA. Nicorandil ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats through modulating eNOS, iNOS, TXNIP and HIF-1α levels. Life Sci 2020; 246:117423. [PMID: 32057902 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bleomycin (BLM) is one of the most common anti-cancer drugs used to treat numerous types of tumors. However, pulmonary toxicity is considered the most dramatic effect of BLM. Therefore, BLM has been frequently used for induction of pulmonary fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nicorandil on BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis and explore the possible mechanisms. BLM was instilled intratracheally into male Sprague-Dawley rats as a single dose (5 mg/kg) and oral nicorandil was given (30 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks after BLM challenge. At the end of experimental period, rats were sacrificed, and lung histopathology and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Nicorandil therapy attenuated lung inflammation and fibrosis elicited by BLM. Nicorandil significantly reduced total protein content, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and total and differential cell counts. Moreover, nicorandil diminished lung levels of malondialdehyde and total nitrite/nitrate, in addition to increasing lung contents of reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity. Nicorandil reduced lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid contents of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and lung content of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). Besides, nicorandil significantly improved histological lesions and reduced collagen deposition as well as hydroxyproline content. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that nicorandil-treated rats exhibited significant diminutions in protein expression levels of transforming growth factor beta-1(TGF-β1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and enhanced pulmonary protein expression of endothelial NOS (eNOS). In conclusion, these results illustrate the possible potential effects of nicorandil for managing pulmonary fibrosis caused by BLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed O Kseibati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - George S G Shehatou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for science and Technology, Gamasa City, Egypt
| | - Maha H Sharawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed E Eladl
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hatem A Salem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Zhao Y, Xu G, Li H, Chang M, Guan Y, Li Y, Wu W, Yao S. Overexpression of endogenous lipoic acid synthase attenuates pulmonary fibrosis induced by crystalline silica in mice. Toxicol Lett 2020; 323:57-66. [PMID: 32017981 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammatory processes are proposed to mediate the development of silicosis. However, antioxidant therapy has not produced consistent results during the treatment of silicosis. α-Lipoic acid synthesized by lipoic acid synthase is a powerful anti-oxidant and helps protect mitochondria. Thus far, the effect of endogenous α-Lipoic acid on silicosis has not been elucidated yet. We established an experimental model of silicosis with wildtype and LiasH/H mice, a new antioxidant mouse model which has overexpressed Lias gene (∼150 %) relative to its wild type counterpart. We systemically examined main pathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis, and explored α-lipoic acid effects on oxidative stress, inflammatory and pulmonary fibrosis biomarkers in silica-instillated mice. In LiasH/H mice over-expression of lipoic acid alleviated the severity of major pathological alterations in the early stage of pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica compared with wild type mice. Silica significantly increased oxidative stress in both wild type and LiasH/H mice. The antioxidant defense was strengthen including increased NRF2 and LIAS production in LiasH/H mice. Relieved oxidative stress resulted in decreased inflammatory response and secretion of chemokines. LiasH/H mice reduced chronic inflammatory response and inhibition of NF-κB activity after silica instillation. The LiasH/H mouse model overexpression of lipoic acid synthase gene retarded the development of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Strengthen antioxidant defense by increased lipoic acid synthase is a potential strategy for protection against silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzheng Zhao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province 063009, PR China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Guangcui Xu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Haibin Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province 063009, PR China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Meiyu Chang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Yi Guan
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province 063009, PR China
| | - Yuchun Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province 063009, PR China; School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453003, PR China.
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40
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Helal MG, El-Kashef DH. Krill oil alleviates oxidative stress, iron accumulation and fibrosis in the liver and spleen of iron-overload rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:3950-3961. [PMID: 31823254 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Krill oil (KO) is a recent supplement which is rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). These fatty acids are found in both krill oil and fish oil. In krill oil, they esterified to phospholipids, but in fish oil, they are esterified to triacylglycerols. The target of this study was to investigate whether KO could help against iron overload-induced toxicity in liver and spleen. Rats were randomly assigned into 3 categories: control rats, rats received iron in a drinking water for 8 weeks followed by either vehicle or KO (40 mg/kg) treatment for an extra 8 weeks. Extent of hepatic and splenic injury was assessed via biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations. KO effectively improved the microscopic features of liver and spleen. Moreover, it decreased the increased levels of serum transaminases, ALP, LDH, iron, and ferritin and increased albumin serum level as well. In addition, it restored the balance between oxidants and antioxidants in the hepatic and splenic tissues. Furthermore, it decreased HO-1 levels, upregulated the production of Nrf2, and limited the expression of MMP9. These findings altogether suggest that KO might be a new candidate for treatment of iron overload-induced toxicity. Graphical abstract Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar G Helal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Dalia H El-Kashef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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Khames A, Khalaf MM, Gad AM, Abd El-raouf OM, Kandeil MA. Nicorandil combats doxorubicin–induced nephrotoxicity via amendment of TLR4/P38 MAPK/NFκ-B signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2019. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Li L, Li Q, Wei L, Wang Z, Ma W, Liu F, Shen Y, Zhang S, Zhang X, Li H, Qian Y. Dexamethasone combined with berberine is an effective therapy for bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2385-2392. [PMID: 31555349 PMCID: PMC6755270 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a heterogeneous pathological process in lung tissues with a considerable mortality rate. Currently, combination therapy represents an effective approach to treat PF. Dexamethasone (Dxs) and berberine (BBR) are widely applied to inhibit the progression of PF. Dxs plus penehyclidine hydrochloride or alfacalcidol have been reported more effective in therapy compared with any single drug treatment. However, whether Dxs plus BBR induces an increased antifibrotic effect remains unknown. The current study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of BBR plus Dxs in bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF. A PF model in rats was established and rats were divided into control, BLM, BBR, Dxs and BBR plus Dxs groups (n=9/group). On days 3, 7 and 14, blood samples were collected from the eyes of the rats (n=6/group). CXC chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14), collagen I, collagen III, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and MMP9 serum levels were measured by ELISA. On day 14, all rats were sacrificed. Hematoxylin and eosin analysis, Masson staining and hydroxyproline (Hyp) assessment were performed to observe histopathological changes and collagen deposition. mRNA and protein levels of CXCL14, CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), collagen I/III, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), MMP2/9 and phosphorylated-Smad 2/3 in lung tissue were further evaluated. Similar effects in preventing lung damage were observed histopathologically for Dxs and BBR compared with the BLM group. These treatments further reduced levels of Hyp, CXCL14, CXCR4, collagen I/III, MMP2/9, α-SMA and p-Smad 2/3. The combination of Dxs and BBR exhibited increased effectiveness compared with the single treatments. Results further suggested that antifibrotic mechanisms were involved in inhibiting CXCL14 and MMP2/MMP9 expression, and preventing the activation of Smad2/3 and hedgehog signaling pathways. The combined use of Dxs and BBR may represent a potential therapeutic approach for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
| | - Fangying Liu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Shen
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
| | - Shanfang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
| | - Xiulian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
| | - Huiping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yechang Qian
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200431, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Disease, Baoshan District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai 201900, P.R. China
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Khames A, Khalaf MM, Gad AM, Abd El-Raouf OM, Kandeil MA. Nicorandil combats doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity via amendment of TLR4/P38 MAPK/NFκ-B signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 311:108777. [PMID: 31376360 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nicorandil ameliorated doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity; this study aimed to show and explain the mechanism of this protection. A precise method was elucidated to study the effect of nicorandil on doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats depending on the critical inflammation pathway TLR4/MAPK P38/NFκ-B. Adult male rats were subdivided into four groups. The 1st group was normal control, the 2nd group received nicorandil (3 mg/kg; p.o., for 4 weeks), the 3rd group received doxorubicin (2.6 mg/kg, i.p., twice per week for 4 weeks), and the fourth group was combination of doxorubicin and nicorandil for 4 weeks. Nephrotoxicity was assessed by biochemical tests through measuring Kidney function biomarkers such as [serum levels of urea, creatinine, albumin and total protein] besides renal kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and cystatin C], oxidative stress parameters such as [renal tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), SOD, catalase and nrf-2], mediators of inflammation such as [Toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4), Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), p38 MAPK, Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 β), and Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)] and markers of apoptosis [BAX and Bcl-2 in renal tissue]. Finally, our data were supported by histopathology examination. Nicorandil pretreatment resulted in a significant decrease in nephrotoxicity biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory mediators and prevented apoptosis through decreasing BAX and increasing Bcl-2 in renal tissues. Nicorandil prevented all the histological alterations caused by doxorubicin. Nicorandil is a promising antidote against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity by neutralizing all toxicity mechanisms caused by doxorubicin through normalizing inflammatory cascade of TLR4/MAPK P38/NFκ-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khames
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Amany M Gad
- Department of Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola M Abd El-Raouf
- Department of Pharmacology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Kandeil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Sitagliptin ameliorates thioacetamide-induced acute liver injury via modulating TLR4/NF-KB signaling pathway in mice. Life Sci 2019; 228:266-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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45
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Role of Nephronectin in Pathophysiology of Silicosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102581. [PMID: 31130697 PMCID: PMC6566895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is a typical form of pneumoconiosis and is characterized as a type of lung fibrosis. Silica particles are captured and recognized upon by alveolar macrophages via the macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO) scavenger receptor, and thereafter the inflammasome is activated. Thereafter, various chemokines/cytokines play their roles to eventually form fibrosis. Additionally, silica particles chronically activate T helper cells which sets the background for the formation of silicosis-associated autoimmune disturbances. The occurrence and progression of lung fibrosis, the extracellular matrix-related molecules such as integrins and their ligands including fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin, and collagens, all play important roles. Here, the roles of these molecules in silicosis-related lung fibrosis are reviewed from the literature. Additionally, the measurement of serum nephronectin (Npnt), a new member of the integrin family of ligands, is discussed, together with investigations attempting to delineate the role of Npnt in silica-induced lung fibrosis. Serum Npnt was found to be higher in silicosis patients compared to healthy volunteers and seems to play a role in the progression of fibrosis with other cytokines. Therefore, serum Npnt levels may be employed as a suitable marker to monitor the progression of fibrosis in silicosis patients.
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Xu X, Luo S, Li B, Dai H, Zhang J. IL-25 contributes to lung fibrosis by directly acting on alveolar epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:770-780. [PMID: 30997832 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219843827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Our work focused on alveolar epithelial cells (AECs)-derived type-2 cytokine (interleukin [IL]-25) in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We showed that IL-25 and IL-17BR (IL-25's receptor) is upregulated in lung tissues (especially in AECs and lung fibroblasts) of IPF patients and contributes to lung fibrosis by directly activating lung fibroblasts and modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of AECs. We suggest that IL-25 may be one of the master switches hidden in the milieu of abnormal epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk. Treatment targeting IL-25 may be the potential and novel method for IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Xu
- 1 Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Sa Luo
- 2 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Beijing 100029, China.,3 National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Biyun Li
- 2 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Beijing 100029, China.,3 National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huaping Dai
- 2 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Beijing 100029, China.,3 National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinglan Zhang
- 1 Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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