1
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Stolfo JB, Motta ACDA. Density of high endothelial venules and PDL-1 expression: relationship with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in primary cutaneous melanomas. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20230441. [PMID: 38511744 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have highlighted melanoma immunogenicity, and the prognostic importance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and mechanisms of tumor immune evasion, such as hyperexpression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL-1). High endothelial venules (HEV) are specialized blood vessels that can facilitate the lymphocytes migration to the tumor. Here we evaluate the association of HEV density and PDL-1 expression in primary cutaneous melanomas with the presence and degree of TILs and with other clinicopathological variables (age, sex, tumor location, melanoma histological type, Breslow thickness, ulceration, regression signs, mitotic index). HEV density and PDL-1 expression were assessed immunohistochemically in 78 melanoma cases, using a specific antibody, and were detected in 59% and 76% of these, respectively. Positive associations were identified between HEV density and PDL-1 expression with the presence and degree of lymphocytic infiltration, melanoma histological type and ulceration presence. No correlation was found between HEV density and PDL-1 expression. Our findings confirm the HEV role in the recruitment and facilitation of lymphocyte transport in cutaneous melanomas, where HEV density is strongly associated with the degree of TILs. Additionally, PDL-1 hyperexpression suggests a possible mechanism of tumor immune evasion, which may lead to inactivation and reduction of the tumor lymphocytes number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane B Stolfo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios, Campus I, BR 285, Km 171, São José, 99001-970 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana C DA Motta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Inovação e Negócios, Campus I, BR 285, Km 171, São José, 99001-970 Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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2
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Takeda-Uchimura Y, Ikezaki M, Akama TO, Ihara Y, Allain F, Nishitsuji K, Uchimura K. GlcNAc6ST2/CHST4 Is Essential for the Synthesis of R-10G-Reactive Keratan Sulfate/Sulfated N-Acetyllactosamine Oligosaccharides in Mouse Pleural Mesothelium. Molecules 2024; 29:764. [PMID: 38398516 PMCID: PMC10893525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We recently showed that 6-sulfo sialyl N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) in O-linked glycans recognized by the CL40 antibody is abundant in the pleural mesothelium under physiological conditions and that these glycans undergo complementary synthesis by GlcNAc6ST2 (encoded by Chst4) and GlcNAc6ST3 (encoded by Chst5) in mice. GlcNAc6ST3 is essential for the synthesis of R-10G-positive keratan sulfate (KS) in the brain. The predicted minimum epitope of the R-10G antibody is a dimeric asialo 6-sulfo LacNAc. Whether R-10G-reactive KS/sulfated LacNAc oligosaccharides are also present in the pleural mesothelium was unknown. The question of which GlcNAc6STs are responsible for R-10G-reactive glycans was an additional issue to be clarified. Here, we show that R-10G-reactive glycans are as abundant in the pulmonary pleura as CL40-reactive glycans and that GlcNAc6ST3 is only partially involved in the synthesis of these pleural R-10G glycans, unlike in the adult brain. Unexpectedly, GlcNAc6ST2 is essential for the synthesis of R-10G-positive KS/sulfated LacNAc oligosaccharides in the lung pleura. The type of GlcNAc6ST and the magnitude of its contribution to KS glycan synthesis varied among tissues in vivo. We show that GlcNAc6ST2 is required and sufficient for R-10G-reactive KS synthesis in the lung pleura. Interestingly, R-10G immunoreactivity in KSGal6ST (encoded by Chst1) and C6ST1 (encoded by Chst3) double-deficient mouse lungs was markedly increased. MUC16, a mucin molecule, was shown to be a candidate carrier protein for pleural R-10G-reactive glycans. These results suggest that R-10G-reactive KS/sulfated LacNAc oligosaccharides may play a role in mesothelial cell proliferation and differentiation. Further elucidation of the functions of sulfated glycans synthesized by GlcNAc6ST2 and GlcNAc6ST3, such as R-10G and CL40 glycans, in pathological conditions may lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the physiopathology of the lung mesothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Takeda-Uchimura
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France; (Y.T.-U.); (F.A.); or (K.N.)
| | - Midori Ikezaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan; (M.I.); (Y.I.)
| | - Tomoya O. Akama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 570-8506, Japan;
| | - Yoshito Ihara
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan; (M.I.); (Y.I.)
| | - Fabrice Allain
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France; (Y.T.-U.); (F.A.); or (K.N.)
| | - Kazuchika Nishitsuji
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France; (Y.T.-U.); (F.A.); or (K.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan; (M.I.); (Y.I.)
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576—UGSF—Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France; (Y.T.-U.); (F.A.); or (K.N.)
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3
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Jung S, Ben Nasr M, Bahmani B, Usuelli V, Zhao J, Sabiu G, Seelam AJ, Naini SM, Balasubramanian HB, Park Y, Li X, Khalefa SA, Kasinath V, Williams MD, Rachid O, Haik Y, Tsokos GC, Wasserfall CH, Atkinson MA, Bromberg JS, Tao W, Fiorina P, Abdi R. Nanotargeted Delivery of Immune Therapeutics in Type 1 Diabetes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300812. [PMID: 37357903 PMCID: PMC10629472 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Immune therapeutics holds great promise in the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Nonetheless, their progress is hampered by limited efficacy, equipoise, or issues of safety. To address this, a novel and specific nanodelivery platform for T1D that targets high endothelial venules (HEVs) presented in the pancreatic lymph nodes (PLNs) and pancreas is developed. Data indicate that the pancreata of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and patients with T1D are unique in their expression of newly formed HEVs. Anti-CD3 mAb is encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticles (NPs), the surfaces of which are conjugated with MECA79 mAb that recognizes HEVs. Targeted delivery of these NPs improves accumulation of anti-CD3 mAb in both the PLNs and pancreata of NOD mice. Treatment of hyperglycemic NOD mice with MECA79-anti-CD3-NPs results in significant reversal of T1D compared to those that are untreated, treated with empty NPs, or provided free anti-CD3. This effect is associated with a significant reduction of T effector cell populations in the PLNs and a decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokine in the mice treated with MECA79-anti-CD3-NPs. In summary, HEV-targeted therapeutics may be used as a means by which immune therapeutics can be delivered to PLNs and pancreata to suppress autoimmune diabetes effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwook Jung
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Moufida Ben Nasr
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Baharak Bahmani
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Vera Usuelli
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Jing Zhao
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Gianmarco Sabiu
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Andy Joe Seelam
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Said Movahedi Naini
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hari Baskar Balasubramanian
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Youngrong Park
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Salma Ayman Khalefa
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - Vivek Kasinath
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - MacKenzie D Williams
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Ousama Rachid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Yousef Haik
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, UAE
| | - George C Tsokos
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Clive H Wasserfall
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Departments of Surgery and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, DIBIC, Università di Milano, 20157, Milan, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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4
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Yasuoka Y. Tissue-specific expression of carbohydrate sulfotransferases drives keratan sulfate biosynthesis in the notochord and otic vesicles of Xenopus embryos. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:957805. [PMID: 36998246 PMCID: PMC10043435 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.957805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratan sulfate (KS) is a glycosaminoglycan that is enriched in vertebrate cornea, cartilage, and brain. During embryonic development, highly sulfated KS (HSKS) is first detected in the developing notochord and then in otic vesicles; therefore, HSKS has been used as a molecular marker of the notochord. However, its biosynthetic pathways and functional roles in organogenesis are little known. Here, I surveyed developmental expression patterns of genes related to HSKS biosynthesis in Xenopus embryos. Of these genes, the KS chain-synthesizing glycosyltransferase genes, beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (b3gnt7) and beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (b4galt4), are strongly expressed in the notochord and otic vesicles, but also in other tissues. In addition, their notochord expression is gradually restricted to the posterior end at the tailbud stage. In contrast, carbohydrate sulfotransferase (Chst) genes, chst2, chst3, and chst5.1, are expressed in both notochord and otic vesicles, whereas chst1, chst4/5-like, and chst7 are confined to otic vesicles. Because the substrate for Chst1 and Chst3 is galactose, while that for others is N-acetylglucosamine, combinatorial, tissue-specific expression patterns of Chst genes should be responsible for tissue-specific HSKS enrichment in embryos. As expected, loss of function of chst1 led to loss of HSKS in otic vesicles and reduction of their size. Loss of chst3 and chst5.1 resulted in HSKS loss in the notochord. These results reveal that Chst genes are critical for HSKS biosynthesis during organogenesis. Being hygroscopic, HSKS forms “water bags” in embryos to physically maintain organ structures. In terms of evolution, in ascidian embryos, b4galt and chst-like genes are also expressed in the notochord and regulate notochord morphogenesis. Furthermore, I found that a chst-like gene is also strongly expressed in the notochord of amphioxus embryos. These conserved expression patterns of Chst genes in the notochord of chordate embryos suggest that Chst is an ancestral component of the chordate notochord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuri Yasuoka
- Laboratory for Comprehensive Genomic Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yuuri Yasuoka, ,
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5
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Zhao J, Jung S, Li X, Li L, Kasinath V, Zhang H, Movahedi SN, Mardini A, Sabiu G, Hwang Y, Saxena V, Song Y, Ma B, Acton SE, Kim P, Madsen JC, Sage PT, Tullius SG, Tsokos GC, Bromberg JS, Abdi R. Delivery of costimulatory blockade to lymph nodes promotes transplant acceptance in mice. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e159672. [PMID: 36519543 PMCID: PMC9754003 DOI: 10.1172/jci159672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymph node (LN) is the primary site of alloimmunity activation and regulation during transplantation. Here, we investigated how fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) facilitate the tolerance induced by anti-CD40L in a murine model of heart transplantation. We found that both the absence of LNs and FRC depletion abrogated the effect of anti-CD40L in prolonging murine heart allograft survival. Depletion of FRCs impaired homing of T cells across the high endothelial venules (HEVs) and promoted formation of alloreactive T cells in the LNs in heart-transplanted mice treated with anti-CD40L. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the LNs showed that anti-CD40L promotes a Madcam1+ FRC subset. FRCs also promoted the formation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in vitro. Nanoparticles (NPs) containing anti-CD40L were selectively delivered to the LNs by coating them with MECA-79, which binds to peripheral node addressin (PNAd) glycoproteins expressed exclusively by HEVs. Treatment with these MECA-79-anti-CD40L-NPs markedly delayed the onset of heart allograft rejection and increased the presence of Tregs. Finally, combined MECA-79-anti-CD40L-NPs and rapamycin treatment resulted in markedly longer allograft survival than soluble anti-CD40L and rapamycin. These data demonstrate that FRCs are critical to facilitating costimulatory blockade. LN-targeted nanodelivery of anti-CD40L could effectively promote heart allograft acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Transplantation Research Center and
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sungwook Jung
- Transplantation Research Center and
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Transplantation Research Center and
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lushen Li
- Department of Surgery and
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vivek Kasinath
- Transplantation Research Center and
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hengcheng Zhang
- Transplantation Research Center and
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Said N. Movahedi
- Transplantation Research Center and
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ahmad Mardini
- Transplantation Research Center and
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gianmarco Sabiu
- Transplantation Research Center and
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yoonha Hwang
- IVIM Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vikas Saxena
- Department of Surgery and
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Bing Ma
- Institute for Genome Sciences and
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sophie E. Acton
- Stromal Immunology Group, Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pilhan Kim
- IVIM Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology and
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Joren C. Madsen
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, and
| | - Peter T. Sage
- Transplantation Research Center and
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stefan G. Tullius
- Division of Transplant Surgery and Transplant Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George C. Tsokos
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan S. Bromberg
- Department of Surgery and
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center and
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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6
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Hussain B, Kasinath V, Ashton-Rickardt GP, Clancy T, Uchimura K, Tsokos G, Abdi R. High endothelial venules as potential gateways for therapeutics. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:728-740. [PMID: 35931612 PMCID: PMC10804419 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
High endothelial venules (HEVs) are specialized blood vessels that support the migration of lymphocytes from the bloodstream into lymph nodes (LNs). They are also formed ectopically in mammalian organs affected by chronic inflammation and cancer. The recent arrival of immunotherapy at the forefront of many cancer treatment regimens could boost a crucial role for HEVs as gateways for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we describe the microanatomical and biochemical characteristics of HEVs, mechanisms of formation of newly made HEVs, immunotherapies potentially dependent on HEV-mediated T cell homing to tumors, and finally, how HEV-targeted therapies might be used as a complementary approach to potentially shape the therapeutic landscape for the treatment of cancer and immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Hussain
- Transplantation Research Center and Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vivek Kasinath
- Transplantation Research Center and Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Thomas Clancy
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- University Lille, CNRS, UMR8576 - UGSF - Unite de Glycogiologie Structurale et Functionelle, 59000 Lille, France
| | - George Tsokos
- Division of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center and Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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7
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Takeda-Uchimura Y, Ikezaki M, Akama TO, Nishioka K, Ihara Y, Allain F, Nishitsuji K, Uchimura K. Complementary Role of GlcNAc6ST2 and GlcNAc6ST3 in Synthesis of CL40-Reactive Sialylated and Sulfated Glycans in the Mouse Pleural Mesothelium. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144543. [PMID: 35889417 PMCID: PMC9320226 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X (6-sulfo sLeX) and its derivative sialyl 6-sulfo N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) are sialylated and sulfated glycans of sialomucins found in the high endothelial venules (HEVs) of secondary lymphoid organs. A component of 6-sulfo sLeX present in the core 1-extended O-linked glycans detected by the MECA-79 antibody was previously shown to exist in the lymphoid aggregate vasculature and bronchial mucosa of allergic and asthmatic lungs. The components of 6-sulfo sLeX in pulmonary tissues under physiological conditions remain to be analyzed. The CL40 antibody recognizes 6-sulfo sLeX and sialyl 6-sulfo LacNAc in O-linked and N-linked glycans, with absolute requirements for both GlcNAc-6-sulfation and sialylation. Immunostaining of normal mouse lungs with CL40 was performed and analyzed. The contribution of GlcNAc-6-O-sulfotransferases (GlcNAc6STs) to the synthesis of the CL40 epitope in the lungs was also elucidated. Here, we show that the expression of the CL40 epitope was specifically detected in the mesothelin-positive mesothelium of the pulmonary pleura. Moreover, GlcNAc6ST2 (encoded by Chst4) and GlcNAc6ST3 (encoded by Chst5), but not GlcNAc6ST1 (encoded by Chst2) or GlcNAc6ST4 (encoded by Chst7), are required for the synthesis of CL40-positive glycans in the lung mesothelium. Furthermore, neither GlcNAc6ST2 nor GlcNAc6ST3 is sufficient for in vivo expression of the CL40 epitope in the lung mesothelium, as demonstrated by GlcNAc6ST1/3/4 triple-knock-out and GlcNAc6ST1/2/4 triple-knock-out mice. These results indicate that CL40-positive sialylated and sulfated glycans are abundant in the pleural mesothelium and are synthesized complementarily by GlcNAc6ST2 and GlcNAc6ST3, under physiological conditions in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Takeda-Uchimura
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, F-59655 Lille, France; (Y.T.-U.); (F.A.)
| | - Midori Ikezaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan; (M.I.); (Y.I.); (K.N.)
| | - Tomoya O. Akama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 570-8506, Japan;
| | - Kaho Nishioka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan;
| | - Yoshito Ihara
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan; (M.I.); (Y.I.); (K.N.)
| | - Fabrice Allain
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, F-59655 Lille, France; (Y.T.-U.); (F.A.)
| | - Kazuchika Nishitsuji
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan; (M.I.); (Y.I.); (K.N.)
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, F-59655 Lille, France; (Y.T.-U.); (F.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)-20-33-72-39
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8
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Qin R, Kurz E, Chen S, Zeck B, Chiribogas L, Jackson D, Herchen A, Attia T, Carlock M, Rapkiewicz A, Bar-Sagi D, Ritchie B, Ross TM, Mahal LK. α2,6-Sialylation is Upregulated in Severe COVID-19 Implicating the Complement Cascade. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2022:2022.06.06.22275981. [PMID: 35702159 PMCID: PMC9196116 DOI: 10.1101/2022.06.06.22275981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Better understanding of the mechanisms of COVID-19 severity is desperately needed in current times. Although hyper-inflammation drives severe COVID-19, precise mechanisms triggering this cascade and what role glycosylation might play therein is unknown. Here we report the first high-throughput glycomic analysis of COVID-19 plasma samples and autopsy tissues. We find α2,6-sialylation is upregulated in plasma of patients with severe COVID-19 and in the lung. This glycan motif is enriched on members of the complement cascade, which show higher levels of sialylation in severe COVID-19. In the lung tissue, we observe increased complement deposition, associated with elevated α2,6-sialylation levels, corresponding to elevated markers of poor prognosis (IL-6) and fibrotic response. We also observe upregulation of the α2,6-sialylation enzyme ST6GAL1 in patients who succumbed to COVID-19. Our work identifies a heretofore undescribed relationship between sialylation and complement in severe COVID-19, potentially informing future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Emma Kurz
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Avenue, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shuhui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Research Institute, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Briana Zeck
- Center for Biospecimen Research and Development, NYU Langone, New York, New York, USA
| | - Luis Chiribogas
- Center for Biospecimen Research and Development, NYU Langone, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dana Jackson
- University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alex Herchen
- University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tyson Attia
- University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Carlock
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Amy Rapkiewicz
- Department of Pathology, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA
| | - Dafna Bar-Sagi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bruce Ritchie
- University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ted M. Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Lara K. Mahal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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9
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Nakashima K, Sakai Y, Hoshino H, Umeda Y, Kawashima H, Sekido Y, Ishizuka T, Kobayashi M. Sulfated Glycans Recognized by S1 Monoclonal Antibody can Serve as a Diagnostic Marker for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Lung 2022; 200:339-346. [PMID: 35394203 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-022-00531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a malignant neoplasm of the pleura caused by asbestos exposure. For diagnosis of MPM, immunohistochemistry using multiple markers is recommended to rule out differential diagnoses, such as pulmonary adenocarcinoma. However, the specificity of currently used markers is not fully satisfactory. We previously developed a monoclonal antibody named S1, which recognizes 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x, an L-selectin ligand expressed on high endothelial venules. During the screening process, we discovered that this antibody stained normal pleural mesothelium. This finding prompted us to hypothesize that the epitope recognized by S1 might serve as a new diagnostic marker for MPM. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we immunostained human MPM (n = 22) and lung adenocarcinoma (n = 25) tissues using S1 antibody. RESULTS 77.3% of MPM were S1 positive, and if limited to epithelioid type, the positivity rate was 100%, while that of lung adenocarcinoma was only 36.0%. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in the S1 positivity rate between each disease. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry using a series of anti-carbohydrate antibodies combined with glycosidase digestion revealed the structure of sulfated glycans expressed in MPM to be 6-sulfo sialyl N-acetyllactosamine attached to core 2-branched O-glycans. CONCLUSION We propose that the S1 glycoepitope could serve as a new diagnostic marker for MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Nakashima
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.,Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hoshino
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Umeda
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sekido
- Division of Cancer Biology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Ishizuka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
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10
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Pandey VK, Sharma R, Prajapati GK, Mohanta TK, Mishra AK. N-glycosylation, a leading role in viral infection and immunity development. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8109-8120. [PMID: 35364718 PMCID: PMC8974804 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07359-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
N-linked protein glycosylation is an essential co-and posttranslational protein modification that occurs in all three domains of life; the assembly of N-glycans follows a complex sequence of events spanning the (Endoplasmic Reticulum) ER and the Golgi apparatus. It has a significant impact on both physicochemical properties and biological functions. It plays a significant role in protein folding and quality control, glycoprotein interaction, signal transduction, viral attachment, and immune response to infection. Glycoengineering of protein employed for improving protein properties and plays a vital role in the production of recombinant glycoproteins and struggles to humanize recombinant therapeutic proteins. It considers an alternative platform for biopharmaceuticals production. Many immune proteins and antibodies are glycosylated. Pathogen’s glycoproteins play vital roles during the infection cycle and their expression of specific oligosaccharides via the N-glycosylation pathway to evade detection by the host immune system. This review focuses on the aspects of N-glycosylation processing, glycoengineering approaches, their role in viral attachment, and immune responses to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kant Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Netaji Subhas University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Rajani Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Niwaranpur, Ranchi, 834002, India.
| | | | | | - Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, South Korea.
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11
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Wang F, Zhang H, Qiu G, Li Z, Wang Y. The LINC00452/miR-204/CHST4 Axis Regulating Thymic Tregs Might Be Involved in the Progression of Thymoma-Associated Myasthenia Gravis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:828970. [PMID: 35432149 PMCID: PMC9005856 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.828970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects neuromuscular junctions and is usually associated with immune disorders in the thymoma. The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis has been demonstrated to be an intrinsic mechanism regulating the development of several autoimmune diseases; however, the mechanism where the ceRNA network regulates immune cells in patients with thymoma-associated MG (TAMG) has rarely been explored. Methods RNA-seq data and clinical information of 124 patients with thymoma were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they were diagnosed with MG. We applied the propensity score matching method to reduce the incidence of baseline confounders. We then constructed a ceRNA network with differentially expressed RNAs between the groups based on four public databases. The expression of genes of interest was validated by qPCR. Moreover, we predicted the immune cells that infiltrated the thymoma and then analyzed the association between immune cells and RNA in the ceRNA network. To further determine the function of the mRNAs associated with immune cells in patients with TAMG, we performed gene set enrichment analysis in thymoma patients with MG. Results After matching, 94 patients were included in the following analysis. A total of 847 mRNAs, 409 lncRNAs, and 45 miRNAs were differentially expressed between the groups. The ceRNA network, including 18 lncRNAs, four miRNAs, and 13 mRNAs, was then constructed. We then confirmed that CHST4 and LINC00452, miR-204-3p and miR-204-5p were differentially expressed between patients with TAMG and thymoma patients without MG (NMG) by qPCR. Moreover, we found that the percentage of predicted regulatory T (Treg) cells was significantly decreased in patients with TAMG. Further analysis indicated that the LINC00452/miR-204/CHST4 axis might regulate thymic regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the progression of MG. Conclusions In this research, we constructed a ceRNA network involved in the progression of TAMG, discovered that thymic Tregs were significantly decreased in patients with TAMG, and assumed that the LINC00452/miR-204/CHST4 axis may regulate thymic Tregs in the development of TAMG. These findings may deepen our understanding of the roles of the ceRNA network in regulating TAMG and highlight the function of CHST4 in recruiting peripheral T cells in the progression of TAMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanlu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guanghao Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyang Li
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yun Wang
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12
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Santin JR, Benvenutti L, Broering MF, Nunes R, Goldoni FC, Patel YBK, de Souza JA, Kopp MAT, de Souza P, da Silva RDCV, Pastor MVD, de Souza AB, Testoni LD, Couto AG, Bresolin TMB, Quintão NLM. Sambucus nigra: A traditional medicine effective in reducing inflammation in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 283:114736. [PMID: 34648899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sambucus nigra L. is a plant of European origin and popularly known as elder, elderberry, black elder, European elder, European elderberry, and European black elderberry, being described in pharmacopoeia of several countries. Its flowers and berries have been used in folk medicine to treat feverish conditions, coughing, nasal congestion, and influenza besides its popular use as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic agent. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this investigation was to elucidate the anti-inflammatory and the relaxant effect of the lyophilized aqueous extract obtained from S. nigra's flowers on in vivo and in vitro inflammation assays and on the isolated rat vascular and airway smooth muscle tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was investigated using carrageenan-induced inflammation model in the subcutaneous tissue of male Swiss mice orally treated with S. nigra extract (30, 100, 300 or 600 mg/kg). Leukocyte influx and the secretion of chemical mediators were quantified in the inflamed exudate. Additionally, histological analysis of the pouches was performed. N-Formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine-induced chemotaxis, lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10 and NO production, and adhesion molecule expression (CD62L, CD49d and CD18, flow cytometry) were analyzed in vitro using oyster glycogen-recruited peritoneal neutrophils or macrophages (RAW 264.7) stimulated with LPS and treated with the extract (1, 10 or 100 μg/mL). The resolution of inflammation was accessed by efferocytosis assay, and the antinociceptive activity was investigated using carrageenan-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. Finally, the effect of the extract was evaluated in isolated rat aorta and trachea rings. RESULTS The oral treatment with S. nigra promoted reduction in the neutrophil migration as well as the decrease of TNF, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in the inflamed exudate. In vitro treatment with S. nigra decreased NO2-, TNF, IL-1β and IL-6 and promoted increase of IL-10 in LPS-stimulated neutrophils. Similarly, the extract reduced the NO2-, TNF and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Rutin, the major constituent of S. nigra extract reduced NO2-, TNF, IL-1β, and IL-6 and promoted the increase of IL-10 in LPS-stimulated neutrophils supernatant. The extract also shed CD62L and CD18 expressions. The extract was able to increase the efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by increasing the IL-10 and decreasing the TNF levels. Additionally, the extract reduced the hypersensitivity induced by carrageenan and promoted a relaxant effect in isolated vascular and non-vascular rat tissue. CONCLUSIONS S. nigra flowers extract presents anti-inflammatory effect by modulating macrophage and neutrophil functions including the production of inflammatory mediators and cell migration, by promoting efferocytosis and consequently the resolution of acute inflammation, besides exerting antinociceptive effects, scientifically proving its popular use as medicinal plant. Allied to the relaxant effect in both vascular and non-vascular smooth muscle tissue, S. nigra extract represents an important tool for the management of acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Roberto Santin
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Larissa Benvenutti
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Milena Fronza Broering
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Roberta Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Capitanio Goldoni
- Biomedicine Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Jade André de Souza
- Biomedicine Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mainara Adriane Tesser Kopp
- Biomedicine Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Angelita Boldieri de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Letícia Debatin Testoni
- Pharmacy Course, School of Health Sciences, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Angélica Garcia Couto
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Tania Mari Belle Bresolin
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nara Lins Meira Quintão
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Do Vale Do Itajaí, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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13
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Qin M, Jin Y, Pan LY. Tertiary lymphoid structure and B-cell-related pathways: A potential target in tumor immunotherapy. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:836. [PMID: 34712360 PMCID: PMC8548801 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS), also referred to as the ectopic lymphoid structure, has recently become a focus of attention. The TLS consists of T-cell and B-cell-rich regions, as well as plasma cells, follicular helper T cells, follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), germinal centers (GCs) and high endothelial venules. TLSs can be divided into different subtypes and mature stages according to the density of FDCs and GCs. The TLS serves as an effective site in which an antitumor inflammatory response is generated through infiltrating immune cells. B-cell-related pathways, known as the CXC chemokine ligand 13/CXC chemokine receptor type 5 axis and the CC chemokine ligand (CCL)19/CCL21/CC-chemokine receptor 7 axis, play a key role in the generation and formation of TLSs. The aim of the present review was to systematically summarize updated research progress on the formation, subtypes, evaluation and B-cell-related pathways of TLSs. Furthermore, researchers have previously reported that TLSs are present in several types of solid cancers and that they are associated with survival outcomes. Therefore, studies on TLS in breast, lung, colorectal and ovarian cancers and melanoma were summarized and compared. The TLS and B-cell-related pathways require further investigation as important immune signals and promising new immunotherapy targets in the era of T-cell therapy revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Ya Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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14
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Ichimiya T, Okamatsu M, Kinoshita T, Kobayashi D, Ichii O, Yamamoto N, Sakoda Y, Kida H, Kawashima H, Yamamoto K, Takase-Yoden S, Nishihara S. Sulfated glycans containing NeuAcα2-3Gal facilitate the propagation of human H1N1 influenza A viruses in eggs. Virology 2021; 562:29-39. [PMID: 34246113 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
When human influenza viruses are isolated and passaged in chicken embryos, variants with amino acid substitutions around the receptor binding site of hemagglutinin (HA) are selected; however, the mechanisms that underlie this phenomenon have yet to be elucidated. Here, we analyzed the receptor structures that contributed to propagation of egg-passaged human H1N1 viruses. The analysis included seasonal and 2009 pandemic strains, both of which have amino acid substitutions of HA found in strains isolated or passaged in eggs. These viruses exhibited high binding to sulfated glycans containing NeuAcα2-3Gal. In MDCK cells overexpressing the sulfotransferase that synthesize Galβ1-4(SO3--6)GlcNAc, production of human H1N1 viruses was increased up to 90-fold. Furthermore, these sulfated glycans were expressed on the allantoic and amniotic membranes of chicken embryos. These results suggest that 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X and/or NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(SO3--6)GlcNAc are involved in efficient propagation of human H1N1 viruses in chicken embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Ichimiya
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Okamatsu
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kinoshita
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Osamu Ichii
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sakoda
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18-Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20-Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kida
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20-Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan; International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20-Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamamoto
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan
| | - Sayaka Takase-Yoden
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan; Glycan and Life Systems Integration Center (GaLSIC), Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan.
| | - Shoko Nishihara
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan; Glycan and Life Systems Integration Center (GaLSIC), Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan.
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15
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Thomsson KA, Vitiazeva V, Mateoiu C, Jin C, Liu J, Holgersson J, Weijdegård B, Sundfeldt K, Karlsson NG. Sulfation of O-glycans on Mucin-type Proteins From Serous Ovarian Epithelial Tumors. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100150. [PMID: 34555499 PMCID: PMC8527052 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite sulfated O-linked glycans being abundant on ovarian cancer (OC) glycoproteins, their regulation during cancer development and involvement in cancer pathogenesis remain unexplored. We characterized O-glycans carrying sulfation on galactose residues and compared their expression with defined sulfotransferases regulated during OC development. Desialylated sulfated oligosaccharides were released from acidic glycoproteins in the cyst fluid from one patient with a benign serous cyst and one patient with serous OC. Oligosaccharides characterized by LC-MSn were identified as core 1 and core 2 O-glycans up to the size of decamers and with 1 to 4 sulfates linked to GlcNAc residues and to C-3 and/or C-6 of Gal. To study the specificity of the potential ovarian sulfotransferases involved, Gal3ST2 (Gal-3S)-, Gal3ST4 (Gal-3S)-, and CHST1 (Gal-6S)-encoding expression plasmids were transfected individually into CHO cells also expressing the P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1/mouse immunoglobulin G2b (PSGL-1/mIg G2b) fusion protein and the human core 2 transferase (GCNT1). Characterization of the PSGL-1/mIg G2b O-glycans showed that Gal3ST2 preferentially sulfated Gal on the C-6 branch of core 2 structures and Gal3ST4 preferred Gal on the C-3 branch independently if core-1 or -2. CHST1 sulfated Gal residues on both the C-3 (core 1/2) and C-6 branches of core 2 structures. Using serous ovarian tissue micro array, Gal3ST2 was found to be decreased in tissue classified as malignant compared with tissues classified as benign or borderline, with the lowest expression in poorly differentiated malignant tissue. Neither Gal3ST4 nor CHST1 was differentially expressed in benign, borderline, or malignant tissue, and there was no correlation between expression level and differentiation stage. The data displays a complex sulfation pattern of O-glycans on OC glycoproteins and that aggressiveness of the cancer is associated with a decreased expression of the Gal3ST2 transferase. Ovarian cancer tissue contains highly sulfated O-glycoproteins. Sulfation occurs on GlcNAc (6-position) and Gal (3- and 6-position). Sulfation of Gal can be mimicked recombinantly with selected sulfotransferase. The Gal3ST2 sulfotransferase level is lower in malignant cancer compared with benign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina A Thomsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Varvara Vitiazeva
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Constantina Mateoiu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hostpital, Gotenburg, Sweden
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jining Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Holgersson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Weijdegård
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Sundfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Life Sciences and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
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16
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Anti-Inflammatory and Healing Activity of the Hydroalcoholic Fruit Extract of Solanum diploconos (Mart.) Bohs. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:9957451. [PMID: 34337087 PMCID: PMC8315888 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9957451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Solanum diploconos (Mart.) Bohs is a native Brazilian plant belonging to the Solanaceae family, popularly known as “tomatinho do mato” and poorly investigated. Herein, we presented for the first time evidence for the anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities of S. diploconos fruit hydroalcoholic extract. Material and Methods. In vitro fMLP-induced chemotaxis, LPS-induced inflammatory mediator levels (cytokines by ELISA and NO release by Griess reaction), and adhesion molecule expression (CD62L, CD49d, and CD18, by flow-cytometry) were assessed in neutrophils treated with different concentrations of the extract. Inflammation resolution was measured by the efferocytosis assay and the healing activity by in vivo and in vitro assays. The air pouch model of carrageenan-induced inflammation in Swiss mice was used to investigate the in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of the extract. Leukocyte influx (by optical microscopy) and cytokine release were quantified in the pouch exudates. Additionally, the acute and subacute toxic and genotoxic effects of the extract were evaluated. Results In vitro, the extract impaired neutrophil chemotaxis and its ability to produce and/or release cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6) and NO upon LPS stimuli (p < 0.01). LPS-treated neutrophils incubated with the extract presented increased CD62L expression (p < 0.01), indicating a reduced activation. An enhanced efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages was observed and accompanied by higher IL-10 and decreased TNFα secretion (p < 0.01). In vivo, similar results were noted, including reduction of neutrophil migration, protein exudation, and cytokine release (p < 0.01). Also, the extract increased fibroblast proliferation and promoted skin wound healing (p < 0.01). No signs of toxicity or genotoxicity were observed for the extract. Conclusion S. diploconos fruit extract is anti-inflammatory by modulating neutrophil migration/activation as well macrophage-dependent efferocytosis and inflammatory mediator release. It also indicates its potential use as a healing agent. Finally, the absence of acute toxic and genotoxic effects reinforces its possible use as medicinal product.
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17
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Choe K, Moon J, Lee SY, Song E, Back JH, Song JH, Hyun YM, Uchimura K, Kim P. Stepwise transmigration of T- and B cells through a perivascular channel in high endothelial venules. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/8/e202101086. [PMID: 34187874 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
High endothelial venules (HEVs) effectively recruit circulating lymphocytes from the blood to lymph nodes. HEVs have endothelial cells (ECs) and perivascular sheaths consisting of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs). Yet, post-luminal lymphocyte migration steps are not well elucidated. Herein, we performed intravital imaging to investigate post-luminal T- and B-cell migration in popliteal lymph node, consisting of trans-EC migration, crawling in the perivascular channel (a narrow space between ECs and FRCs) and trans-FRC migration. The post-luminal migration of T cells occurred in a PNAd-dependent manner. Remarkably, we found hot spots for the trans-EC and trans-FRC migration of T- and B cells. Interestingly, T- and B cells preferentially shared trans-FRC migration hot spots but not trans-EC migration hot spots. Furthermore, the trans-FRC T-cell migration was confined to fewer sites than trans-EC T-cell migration, and trans-FRC migration of T- and B cells preferentially occurred at FRCs covered by CD11c+ dendritic cells in HEVs. These results suggest that HEV ECs and FRCs with perivascular DCs delicately regulate T- and B-cell entry into peripheral lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kibaek Choe
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Moon
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yun Lee
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjoo Song
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Back
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hye Song
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 CNRS, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Pilhan Kim
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea .,Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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18
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Jin W, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ. Glycosaminoglycans in Neurodegenerative Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1325:189-204. [PMID: 34495536 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear polysaccharides that consist of alternating disaccharides sequences of uronic acids and/or galactose hexamino sugars most of which are sulfated. GAGs are ubiquitously expressed on the cell surface, in the intracellular milieu and in the extracellular matrix of all animal cells. Thus, GAGs exhibit many essential roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The targets of GAGs are GAG-binding proteins and related proteins that are of significant interest to both the academic community and in the pharmaceutical industry. In this review, the structures of GAGs, their binding proteins, and analogs are presented that further the development of GAGs and their analogs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA. .,Department of Biological Science, Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
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19
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Inada R, Miyamoto K, Tanaka N, Moriguchi K, Kadomatsu K, Takeuchi K, Igarashi M, Kusunoki S. Chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosyltransferase-1 knockout shows milder phenotype in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis than in wild type. Glycobiology 2020; 31:260-265. [PMID: 32839819 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycans (PGs) are one of the main components in the extracellular matrix of the central nervous system. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG), which is composed of major PGs. Similar to keratin sulfate (KS), another GAG, CS inhibits axon regeneration. However, the influence of these GAGs on the pathogenicity of neuroimmunological diseases is unclear. Here, we induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice lacking CS N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-1 (CSGalNAcT1-KO), an important enzyme for CS synthesis. In our study, CSGalNAcT1-KO mice showed milder EAE symptoms than those in wild-type (WT) mice. The recall response of antigen-specific lymphocytes showed that CSGalNAcT1-KO-derived lymphocytes had a milder cell proliferation response than that in WT-derived lymphocytes. These results suggest that CS contributes toward the induction phase of EAE. We previously performed EAE experiments in GlcNAc-6-O-sulfotransferase KO (GlcNAc6ST-KO) and C6ST1-KO mice, which had reduced KS and reduced CS-C, respectively. EAE in CSGalNAcT1-KO mice was more similar to that in GlcNAc6ST-KO mice than in C6ST1-KO mice. In conclusion, the distinct GAG sugar chains are associated with severe or mild phenotypes of EAE and are therefore potential new therapeutic targets for neuroimmunological diseases, including multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rino Inada
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Katsuichi Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Noriko Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kota Moriguchi
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kosei Takeuchi
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Michihiro Igarashi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Niigata University School of Medicine and Graduate School of Medical/Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Susumu Kusunoki
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
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20
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Hughes MR, Canals Hernaez D, Cait J, Refaeli I, Lo BC, Roskelley CD, McNagny KM. A sticky wicket: Defining molecular functions for CD34 in hematopoietic cells. Exp Hematol 2020; 86:1-14. [PMID: 32422232 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The CD34 cell surface antigen is widely expressed in tissues on cells with progenitor-like properties and on mature vascular endothelia. In adult human bone marrow, CD34 marks hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) starting from the bulk of hematopoietic stem cells with long-term repopulating potential (LT-HSCs) throughout expansion and differentiation of oligopotent and unipotent progenitors. CD34 protein surface expression is typically lost as cells mature into terminal effectors. Because of this expression pattern of HSPCs, CD34 has had a central role in the evaluation or selection of donor graft tissue in HSC transplant (HSCT). Given its clinical importance, it is surprising that the biological functions of CD34 are still poorly understood. This enigma is due, in part, to CD34's context-specific role as both a pro-adhesive and anti-adhesive molecule and its potential functional redundancy with other sialomucins. Moreover, there are also critical differences in the regulation of CD34 expression on HSPCs in humans and experimental mice. In this review, we highlight some of the more well-defined functions of CD34 in HSPCs with a focus on proposed functions most relevant to HSCT biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Hughes
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Diana Canals Hernaez
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jessica Cait
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ido Refaeli
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bernard C Lo
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Calvin D Roskelley
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly M McNagny
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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21
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Inamura S, Ito H, Shinagawa T, Tsutsumiuchi M, Taga M, Tsuchiyama K, Kobayashi M, Yokoyama O. Serum C‐reactive protein level is not associated with prostatic inflammation but with overactive detrusor in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Neurourol Urodyn 2019; 38:1728-1736. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.24051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- So Inamura
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
| | - Hideaki Ito
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
| | - Tomochika Shinagawa
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
| | - Manami Tsutsumiuchi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
| | - Minekatsu Taga
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
| | - Katsuki Tsuchiyama
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
| | - Osamu Yokoyama
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of FukuiEiheiji Japan
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22
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Narentuya, Takeda-Uchimura Y, Foyez T, Zhang Z, Akama TO, Yagi H, Kato K, Komatsu Y, Kadomatsu K, Uchimura K. GlcNAc6ST3 is a keratan sulfate sulfotransferase for the protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTPRZ in the adult brain. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4387. [PMID: 30867513 PMCID: PMC6416290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratan sulfate (KS) is a carbohydrate side chain covalently attached to extracellular proteoglycans. KS is composed of disaccharide units of 6-sulfated N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and galactose. We have previously shown that GlcNAc-6-O-sulfotransferase (GlcNAc6ST) 1 encoded by Chst2 is an enzyme necessary for the synthesis of GlcNAc-6-sulfated KS chains that are required for neuronal plasticity in the visual cortex of the mouse brain during the critical period, but not in adulthood. Here, we show that GlcNAc-6-sulfated KS recognized by the R-10G anti-KS antibody, of which the minimum epitope structure is Galß1-4GlcNAc(6S)ß1-3Galß1-4GlcNAc(6S), distributes diffusely in neuropils and presents densely in close proximity to the perineuronal region of the perineuronal net (PNN)-positive neurons in the adult visual cortex. Surprisingly, GlcNAc6ST3, which was discovered as an intestinal GlcNAc6ST encoded by Chst5, is a major brain KS sulfotransferase expressed in oligodendrocytes in adulthood. Moreover, we identified an isoform of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTPRZ as a R-10G-reactive KS proteoglycan. These results indicate that GlcNAc6ST3 may play a role in synthesis of a component of PNN in the adult brain, and that the KS-modified isoform of PTPRZ encoded by Ptprz1 could be an extracellular molecule associated with PNNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narentuya
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Takeda-Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Tahmina Foyez
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka-1229, Bashundhara, Bangladesh
| | - Zui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tomoya O Akama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 570-8506, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Yagi
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Yukio Komatsu
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 CNRS, Université de Lille, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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23
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Clemente-Napimoga JT, Silva MASM, Peres SNC, Lopes AHP, Lossio CF, Oliveira MV, Osterne VJS, Nascimento KS, Abdalla HB, Teixeira JM, Cavada BS, Napimoga MH. Dioclea violacea lectin ameliorates inflammation in the temporomandibular joint of rats by suppressing intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression. Biochimie 2018; 158:34-42. [PMID: 30557594 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tissues are the most common cause of pain conditions associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). After a tissue and/or neural damage, the inflammatory response is characterized by plasma extravasation and leukocytes infiltration in the TMJ tissues, which in turn, release inflammatory cytokines cascades responsible for inflammatory pain. Lectins are glycoproteins widely distributed in nature that may exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. This study demonstrated by molecular docking and MM/PBSA that the lectin from Dioclea violacea (DVL) interacts favorably with α-methyl-D-mannoside, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and core1-sialyl-Lewis X which are associated with leukocytes migration during an inflammatory response. Wistar rats pretreated with intravenously injection of DVL demonstrated a significant inhibition of plasma extravasation induced by carrageenan (a non-neurogenic inflammatory inductor) and mustard oil (a neurogenic inflammatory inductor) in the TMJ periarticular tissues (p < 0.05; ANOVA, Tukey's test). In addition, DVL significantly reduced carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration in the TMJ periarticular tissues mediated by down-regulation of ICAM-1 expression. These results suggest a potential anti-inflammatory effect of DVL in inflammatory conditions of TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana T Clemente-Napimoga
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Área de Fisiologia, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Maria A S M Silva
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Área de Fisiologia, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sylvia N C Peres
- Laboratory of Biopathology and Molecular Biology, University of Uberaba, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Alexandre H P Lopes
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Claudia F Lossio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Messias V Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Vinicius J S Osterne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Kyria S Nascimento
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Henrique B Abdalla
- Laboratory of Orofacial Pain, Department of Physiology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Teixeira
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Área de Fisiologia, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Benildo S Cavada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo H Napimoga
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Área de Imunologia, Campinas, Brazil.
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24
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Bahmani B, Uehara M, Jiang L, Ordikhani F, Banouni N, Ichimura T, Solhjou Z, Furtmüller GJ, Brandacher G, Alvarez D, von Andrian UH, Uchimura K, Xu Q, Vohra I, Yilmam OA, Haik Y, Azzi J, Kasinath V, Bromberg JS, McGrath MM, Abdi R. Targeted delivery of immune therapeutics to lymph nodes prolongs cardiac allograft survival. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:4770-4786. [PMID: 30277476 PMCID: PMC6205374 DOI: 10.1172/jci120923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs to lymph nodes (LNs) provides an unprecedented opportunity to improve the outcomes of transplantation and immune-mediated diseases. The high endothelial venule is a specialized segment of LN vasculature that uniquely expresses peripheral node addressin (PNAd) molecules. PNAd is recognized by MECA79 mAb. We previously generated a MECA79 mAb-coated microparticle (MP) that carries tacrolimus. Although this MP trafficked to LNs, it demonstrated limited therapeutic efficacy in our transplant model. Here, we have synthesized a nanoparticle (NP) as a carrier of anti-CD3, and optimized the conjugation strategy to coat the NP surface with MECA79 mAb (MECA79-anti-CD3-NP) to enhance LN accumulation. As compared with nonconjugated NPs, a significantly higher quantity of MECA79-NPs accumulated in the draining lymph node (DLN). Many MECA79-NPs underwent internalization by T cells and dendritic cells within the LNs. Short-term treatment of murine cardiac allograft recipients with MECA79-anti-CD3-NP resulted in significantly prolonged allograft survival in comparison with the control groups. Prolonged graft survival following treatment with MECA79-anti-CD3-NP was characterized by a significant increase in intragraft and DLN Treg populations. Treg depletion abrogated the prolongation of heart allograft survival. We believe this targeted approach of drug delivery could redefine the methods of administering immune therapeutics in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baharak Bahmani
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mayuko Uehara
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Liwei Jiang
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Farideh Ordikhani
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naima Banouni
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Takaharu Ichimura
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhabiz Solhjou
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Georg J Furtmüller
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gerald Brandacher
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David Alvarez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- Unite de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 CNRS, Universite de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Qiaobing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ishaan Vohra
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Osman A Yilmam
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yousef Haik
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jamil Azzi
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vivek Kasinath
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Department of Surgery and Microbiology and Immunobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Martina M McGrath
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center and.,Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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25
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Issa SMA, Vitiazeva V, Hayes CA, Karlsson NG. Higher Energy Collisional Dissociation Mass Spectrometry of Sulfated O-Linked Oligosaccharides. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:3259-3267. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samah M. A. Issa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 440, Medicinaregatan 9A, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Varvara Vitiazeva
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 440, Medicinaregatan 9A, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Catherine A. Hayes
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 440, Medicinaregatan 9A, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niclas G. Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 440, Medicinaregatan 9A, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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26
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Endometrial L-selectin ligand is downregulated in the mid-secretory phase during the menstrual cycle in women with adenomyosis. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 57:507-516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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Low S, Hirakawa J, Hoshino H, Uchimura K, Kawashima H, Kobayashi M. Role of MAdCAM-1-Expressing High Endothelial Venule-Like Vessels in Colitis Induced in Mice Lacking Sulfotransferases Catalyzing L-Selectin Ligand Biosynthesis. J Histochem Cytochem 2018; 66:415-425. [PMID: 29350564 PMCID: PMC5977439 DOI: 10.1369/0022155417753363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease histologically characterized by diffuse mononuclear cell infiltrates in colonic mucosa. These inflammatory cells are considered to be recruited via high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels displaying mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1), the ligand for α4β7 integrin, and/or peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd), an L-selectin ligand. 6- O-sulfation of N-acetylglucosamine in the carbohydrate moiety of PNAd is catalyzed exclusively by N-acetylglucosamine-6- O-sulfotransferase 1 (GlcNAc6ST-1) and GlcNAc6ST-2. To determine the role of 6- O-sulfation of N-acetylglucosamine on HEV-like vessels in UC, we used a chronic dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model using mice deficient in both GlcNAc6ST-1 and GlcNAc6ST-2. We found that more inflammatory cells, with expression of tumor necrosis factor α, were infiltrated in double knockout mouse colitis compared with that in wild-type mice. Moreover, the number of MAdCAM-1-positive vessels was increased in double knockout mouse colitis, and these vessels were bound by E-selectin•IgM chimeras that bind to unsulfated sialyl Lewis X (sLeX). These findings suggest that interactions between MAdCAM-1 and α4β7 integrin and/or unsulfated sLeX and L-selectin may become a dominant mechanism for inflammatory cell recruitment in the absence of 6-sulfo sLeX and contribute to more severe colitis phenotypes seen in double knockout mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Low
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Jotaro Hirakawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hoshino
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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Lai TH, Chang FW, Lin JJ, Ling QD. Gene expression of human endometrial L-selectin ligand in relation to the phases of the natural menstrual cycle. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1443. [PMID: 29362381 PMCID: PMC5780486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates peptide components of L-selectin ligand (LSL) and their gene expressions in human endometrium during the natural menstrual cycle. We recruited 41 endometrial samples from reproductive-aged women with leiomyoma and undergoing hysterectomy and 11 endometrial samples from menopausal women as controls. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong MECA-79 expression from the early through the mid-secretory phase and low expression in menopausal endometrium. Five peptide components of LSL were detected in reproductive and menopausal endometrium by one-step quantitative RT-PCR: podocalyxin, endomucin, nepmucin, GlyCAM-1, and CD34. Endomucin differed significantly between the proliferative and early-secretory phases. CHST2 and CHST4 genes (which are involved in the generation of LSL epitopes) were expressed without significant differences among phases. The gene expression of progesterone receptor decreased from the proliferative to the late-secretory phase, and the difference was significant. However, estrogen receptor α expression showed stability among phases. The significant expression of endomucin between the proliferative and early-secretory phases might play a vital role in endometrial receptivity. Further studies are needed to investigate the factors that regulate the expression of endomucin and other LSL peptide components in different phases of the menstrual cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Hsuan Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, 10693, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan City, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Wei Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Jie Lin
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan City, 32001, Taiwan
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, 22174, Taiwan
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan City, 32001, Taiwan.
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, 22174, Taiwan.
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Hijmans RS, Shrestha P, Sarpong KA, Yazdani S, el Masri R, de Jong WHA, Navis G, Vivès RR, van den Born J. High sodium diet converts renal proteoglycans into pro-inflammatory mediators in rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178940. [PMID: 28594849 PMCID: PMC5464595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High dietary sodium aggravates renal disease by affecting blood pressure and by its recently shown pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects. Moreover, pro-inflammatory modification of renal heparan sulfate (HS) can induce tissue remodeling. We aim to investigate if high sodium intake in normotensive rats converts renal HS into a pro-inflammatory phenotype, able to bind more sodium and orchestrate inflammation, fibrosis and lymphangiogenesis. METHODS Wistar rats received a normal diet for 4 weeks, or 8% NaCl diet for 2 or 4 weeks. Blood pressure was monitored, and plasma, urine and tissue collected. Tissue sodium was measured by flame spectroscopy. Renal HS and tubulo-interstitial remodeling were studied by biochemical, immunohistochemical and qRT-PCR approaches. RESULTS High sodium rats showed a transient increase in blood pressure (week 1; p<0.01) and increased sodium excretion (p<0.05) at 2 and 4 weeks compared to controls. Tubulo-interstitial T-cells, myofibroblasts and mRNA levels of VCAM1, TGF-β1 and collagen type III significantly increased after 4 weeks (all p<0.05). There was a trend for increased macrophage infiltration and lymphangiogenesis (both p = 0.07). Despite increased dermal sodium over time (p<0.05), renal concentrations remained stable. Renal HS of high sodium rats showed increased sulfation (p = 0.05), increased L-selectin binding to HS (p<0,05), and a reduction of sulfation-sensitive anti-HS mAbs JM403 (p<0.001) and 10E4 (p<0.01). Hyaluronan expression increased under high salt conditions (p<0.01) without significant changes in the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan versican. Statistical analyses showed that sodium-induced tissue remodeling responses partly correlated with observed HS changes. CONCLUSION We show that high salt intake by healthy normotensive rats convert renal HS into high sulfated pro-inflammatory glycans involved in tissue remodeling events, but not in increased sodium storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryanne S. Hijmans
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Pragyi Shrestha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kwaku A. Sarpong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Saleh Yazdani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rana el Masri
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Wilhelmina H. A. de Jong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjan Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Romain R. Vivès
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jacob van den Born
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Yoshida H, Hoshino H, Imamura Y, Yoshimura H, Sano K, Kobayashi M. Role of sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X in antitumor immunity against oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:759-765. [PMID: 28425129 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) reportedly play a pivotal role in antitumor immunity against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC); however, mechanisms governing TIL recruitment to OSCC tissues remain to be clarified. This study was undertaken to assess a potential association between TILs and high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels that express sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X (LeX). METHODS OSCC tissue sections (n=41) were subjected to immunohistochemistry for sialyl 6-sulfo LeX and CD34 to allow quantitation of HEV-like vessels. Triple immunohistochemistry for sialyl 6-sulfo LeX and either CD3 and CD20 or CD4 and CD8 was conducted to determine which lymphocyte subset is more closely associated with HEV-like vessels. RESULTS HEV-like vessels expressing sialyl 6-sulfo LeX were detected in 27 of 41 (65.9%) OSCC cases, and these vessels were more frequently found in early disease (T1/T2 stages) compared with advanced (T3/T4) stages. The number of T cells attached to the inner surface of these HEV-like vessels was significantly greater than that of B cells, while the number of CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells did not differ significantly. Interestingly, sialyl 6-sulfo LeX was also expressed on the membrane of a fraction of OSCC cells, and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells were almost exclusively found attached to these carcinoma cells. CONCLUSIONS Sialyl 6-sulfo LeX is displayed not only on HEV-like vessels but also on OSCC cells and may potentially function in antitumor immunity against OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Yoshida
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hoshino
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Imamura
- Division of Surgical Pathology, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sano
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
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31
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Inamura S, Shinagawa T, Hoshino H, Sakai Y, Imamura Y, Yokoyama O, Kobayashi M. Appearance of High Endothelial Venule-Like Vessels in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia is Associated With Lower Urinary tract Symptoms. Prostate 2017; 77:794-802. [PMID: 28181681 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic prostatic inflammation is implicated in the pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)-associated lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Previous studies evaluated the degree of chronic prostatic inflammation based on histological scores, which may contain subjective factors. We previously demonstrated that the number of high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels correlates positively with the magnitude of inflammation in chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. Here, we evaluated the degree of BPH-associated chronic prostate inflammation based on appearance of HEV-like vessels and determined whether the extent of inflammation correlated with LUTS severity, as evaluated by a urodynamic study. METHODS Eighty-six BPH tissue specimens derived from patients who had undergone urodynamic analysis were immunostained for CD34 and MECA-79 to determine HEV-like vessel number. Triple immunohistochemistry for either CD3 and CD20 or CD4 and CD8, together with MECA-79, was conducted to identify lymphocyte subsets associated with HEV-like vessels. We also determined whether the magnitude of chronic prostatic inflammation, as assessed by HEV-like vessel number, correlated with the degree of LUTS. RESULTS HEV-like vessels were induced in lymphoid aggregates seen frequently in BPH. The number of HEV-like vessels positively correlated not only with the magnitude of chronic prostatic inflammation but also with the degree of LUTS, particularly with symptoms associated with voiding function, which was measured objectively in a pressure flow study. CONCLUSIONS Chronic prostate inflammation may promote BPH and resulting voiding dysfunction. Assessment of the number of HEV-like vessels could be a surrogate for identifying the degree of chronic prostatic inflammation. Prostate 77:794-802, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Inamura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Tomochika Shinagawa
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hoshino
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakai
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Imamura
- Division of Surgical Pathology, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokoyama
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
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32
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Zhang Z, Takeda-Uchimura Y, Foyez T, Ohtake-Niimi S, Narentuya, Akatsu H, Nishitsuji K, Michikawa M, Wyss-Coray T, Kadomatsu K, Uchimura K. Deficiency of a sulfotransferase for sialic acid-modified glycans mitigates Alzheimer's pathology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E2947-E2954. [PMID: 28320965 PMCID: PMC5389269 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1615036114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that microglial keratan sulfate (KS) was induced in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, the functional roles of the glycan and its synthetic enzyme in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive disorder, are unclear. In our study, KS modified with sialic acids having a molecular mass of 125-220 kDa and the carbohydrate sulfotransferase GlcNAc6ST1 were up-regulated in the brains of two transgenic mouse models (J20 and Tg2576) and the brains of patients with AD. GlcNAc6ST1-deficient J20 (J20/GlcNAc6ST1-/-) mice demonstrated a complete absence of the microglial sialylated KS. J20/GlcNAc6ST1-/- primary microglia showed an increased level of amyloid-β phagocytosis and were hyperresponsive to interleukin 4, a potent antiinflammatory cytokine. Moreover, J20/GlcNAc6ST1-/- mice manifested reduced cerebral amyloid-β deposition. GlcNAc6ST1-synthesizing sialylated KS thus modulates AD pathology. Inhibition of KS synthesis by targeting GlcNAc6ST1 may therefore be beneficial for controlling AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Takeda-Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tahmina Foyez
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shiori Ohtake-Niimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Narentuya
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Akatsu
- Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura Hospital, Toyohashi, 441-8124, Japan
- Department of Community-Based Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuchika Nishitsuji
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Makoto Michikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
- Department of Alzheimer's Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Tony Wyss-Coray
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan;
- Department of Alzheimer's Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, 474-8511, Japan
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Chitgupi U, Li Y, Chen M, Shao S, Beitelshees M, Tan MJ, Neelamegham S, Pfeifer BA, Jones C, Lovell JF. Bimodal Targeting Using Sulfonated, Mannosylated PEI for Combined Gene Delivery and Photodynamic Therapy. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:600-608. [PMID: 27935058 DOI: 10.1111/php.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and gene delivery have both been used to target both cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Given the complex nature of tumor tissue, there could be merit in combining these strategies simultaneously. In this study, we developed a bimodal targeting approach to both cancer cells and macrophages, employing materials conducive to both gene delivery and PDT. Polymers libraries were created that consisted of cationic polyethyleneimine (PEI) conjugated to the photosensitizer pyropheophorbide-a, with sulfonation (to target selectin-expressing cells) and mannosylation (to target TAMs). Polyplexes, consisting of these polymers electrostatically bound to DNA, were analyzed for transfection efficacy and cytotoxicity toward epithelial cells and macrophages to assess dual-targeting. This study provides preliminary proof of principle for using modified PEI for targeted gene delivery and PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra Chitgupi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Mingfu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Marie Beitelshees
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Myles Joshua Tan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Sriram Neelamegham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Blaine A Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | | | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
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TAKEDA A, SASAKI N, MIYASAKA M. The molecular cues regulating immune cell trafficking. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2017; 93:183-195. [PMID: 28413196 PMCID: PMC5489428 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.93.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocyte recirculation between the blood and the lymphoid/non-lymphoid tissues is an essential homeostatic mechanism that regulates humoral and cellular immune responses in vivo. This system promotes the encounter of naïve T and B cells with their specific cognate antigen presented by dendritic cells, and with the regulatory cells with which they need to interact to initiate, maintain, and terminate immune responses. The constitutive lymphocyte trafficking is mediated by particular types of blood vessels, including the high endothelial venules (HEVs) in lymph nodes and Peyer's patches, and the flat-walled venules in non-lymphoid tissues including the skin. The lymphocyte migration across HEVs involves tethering/rolling, arrest/firm adhesion/intraluminal crawling, and transendothelial migration. On the other hand, relatively little is known about how lymphocytes and other types of cells migrate across the venules of non-lymphoid tissues. Here we summarize recent findings about the molecular mechanisms that govern immune cell trafficking, including the roles of chemokines and lysophospholipids in regulating immune cell motility and endothelial permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira TAKEDA
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Naoko SASAKI
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masayuki MIYASAKA
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Hoshino H, Ohta M, Ito M, Uchimura K, Sakai Y, Uehara T, Low S, Fukushima M, Kobayashi M. Apical membrane expression of distinct sulfated glycans represents a novel marker of cholangiolocellular carcinoma. J Transl Med 2016; 96:1246-1255. [PMID: 27748735 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver neoplasm, followed by hepatocellular carcinoma. ICC can be further subclassified as (i) perihilar and (ii) peripheral types, the latter histologically resembling small-sized intrahepatic bile ducts, such as interlobular bile ducts, cholangioles/ductules and the canals of Hering. Cholangiolocellular carcinoma (CoCC), now classified by the World Health Organization as a subtype of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma, is currently regarded as a subtype of peripheral-type ICC. The present study was undertaken to determine whether sulfated glycans recognized by the MECA-79 monoclonal antibody could serve as a CoCC marker. Using immunohistochemistry, we show that MECA-79 sulfated glycans are preferentially expressed at the apical membrane of cholangiocytes found in small-sized intrahepatic bile ducts in normal liver and in canalicular structures formed in CoCC. We also report that apical membrane MECA-79 sulfated glycan expression colocalizes with that of mucin 1 (MUC1) core proteins. We also present immunoblotting of Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing FLAG-tagged MUC1 to show that MUC1 serves as a MECA-79 scaffold. Furthermore, we report that SSP-25 human ICC cells overexpressing N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase 2 (GlcNAc6ST-2), but not GlcNAc6ST-1, exhibit membrane expression of MECA-79 sulfated glycans, suggesting that GlcNAc6ST-2 catalyzes MECA-79 epitope biosynthesis in cholangiocytes. Moreover, both wild-type and GlcNAc6ST-1 knockout mice exhibit apical membrane MECA-79 expression in small-sized intrahepatic bile ducts, namely interlobular bile ducts, whereas MECA-79 expression was completely absent in comparable tissues from GlcNAc6ST-1 and GlcNAc6ST-2 double knockout mice. These data collectively indicate that apical membrane localization of MUC1 proteins decorated with GlcNAc6ST-2-dependent MECA-79 sulfated glycans may mark cholangiocytes with cholangiolar/ductular differentiation and could serve as a useful CoCC marker.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Surface/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Surface/chemistry
- Antigens, Surface/metabolism
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/biosynthesis
- Bile Duct Neoplasms/metabolism
- Bile Duct Neoplasms/pathology
- Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/metabolism
- Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic/pathology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- CHO Cells
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Cell Membrane/pathology
- Cell Polarity
- Cholangiocarcinoma/metabolism
- Cholangiocarcinoma/pathology
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Humans
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis
- Membrane Proteins/chemistry
- Mice, Knockout
- Mucin-1/genetics
- Mucin-1/metabolism
- Polysaccharides/biosynthesis
- Polysaccharides/metabolism
- Protein Transport
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Sulfotransferases/genetics
- Sulfotransferases/metabolism
- Sulfuric Acid Esters/metabolism
- Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Hoshino
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohta
- Department of Pathology, Fukui Red Cross Hospital, Fukui, Japan
| | - Makoto Ito
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kariya Toyota General Hospital, Kariya, Japan
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uehara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shulin Low
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Mana Fukushima
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
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Low S, Sakai Y, Hoshino H, Hirokawa M, Kawashima H, Higuchi K, Imamura Y, Kobayashi M. High endothelial venule-like vessels and lymphocyte recruitment in diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Pathology 2016; 48:666-674. [PMID: 27956273 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSPTC) is a rare subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma with a high incidence of lymph node metastasis. One of its characteristic histological features is the presence of dense lymphocyte infiltrates; however, how these lymphocytes are recruited in this pathological setting remains unclear. Here, we analysed 17 DSPTC cases immunohistologically for cell adhesion molecules expressed on endothelial cells. We found that venules morphologically similar to high endothelial venules (HEVs) in secondary lymphoid organs were induced in lymphoid aggregates in DSPTC, and such HEV-like vessels expressed 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) glycans as well as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Triple immunohistochemistry revealed that CD8+ cytotoxic T cells were the major lymphocyte subset attached to the luminal surface of HEV-like vessels. sLeX-type glycans were also expressed on DSPTC carcinoma cells, which in binding assays were decorated with E-selectin•IgM chimaeras calcium-dependently. These findings collectively suggest that 6-sulfo sLeX glycans, together with ICAM-1, on HEV-like vessels may function to recruit CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in DSPTC. Additionally, sLeX-type glycans on carcinoma cells might partly contribute to highly metastatic properties of DSPTC through interaction with E-selectin expressed on endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Low
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakai
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hoshino
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | | | - Hiroto Kawashima
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kayoko Higuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Aizawa Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Imamura
- Division of Surgical Pathology, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan.
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Ueno R, Miyamoto K, Tanaka N, Moriguchi K, Kadomatsu K, Kusunoki S. Keratan sulfate exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neurosci Res 2015; 93:1874-80. [PMID: 26340909 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Proteoglycans (PGs) are the components of extracellular matrices in the central nervous system (CNS). Keratan sulfate (KS) is a glycosaminoglycan that is included in the KSPG that acts as an inhibitory factor in nerve regeneration after CNS injury. To investigate the role of KS in immune diseases, we induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice that were deficient in the N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-6-O-sulfotransferase 1 (GlcNAc6ST1) gene (KS-KO). KS-KO mice developed less severe EAE and showed repressed recall response in the induction phase. Furthermore, GlcNAc6ST1 might have roles in the passage of the pathogenic lymphocytes through the blood-brain barrier via adhesion molecules. Thus, modulation of KS may become a treatment for neuroimmunological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rino Ueno
- Department of Neurology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Katsuichi Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Noriko Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Kota Moriguchi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Susumu Kusunoki
- Department of Neurology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
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Takeda-Uchimura Y, Uchimura K, Sugimura T, Yanagawa Y, Kawasaki T, Komatsu Y, Kadomatsu K. Requirement of keratan sulfate proteoglycan phosphacan with a specific sulfation pattern for critical period plasticity in the visual cortex. Exp Neurol 2015; 274:145-55. [PMID: 26277687 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Proteoglycans play important roles in regulating the development and functions of the brain. They consist of a core protein and glycosaminoglycans, which are long sugar chains of repeating disaccharide units with sulfation. A recent study demonstrated that the sulfation pattern of chondroitin sulfate on proteoglycans contributes to regulation of the critical period of experience-dependent plasticity in the mouse visual cortex. In the present study, we investigated the role of keratan sulfate (KS), another glycosaminoglycan, in critical period plasticity in the mouse visual cortex. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated the presence of KS containing disaccharide units of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-6-sulfate and nonsulfated galactose during the critical period, although KS containing disaccharide units of GlcNAc-6-sulfate and galactose-6-sulfate was already known to disappear before that period. The KS chains were distributed diffusely in the extracellular space and densely around the soma of a large population of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that the KS was localized within the perisynaptic spaces and dendrites but not in presynaptic sites. KS was mainly located on phosphacan. In mice deficient in GlcNAc-6-O-sulfotransferase 1, which is one of the enzymes necessary for the synthesis of KS chains, the expression of KS was one half that in wild-type mice. In the knockout mice, monocular deprivation during the critical period resulted in a depression of deprived-eye responses but failed to produce potentiation of nondeprived-eye responses. In addition, T-type Ca(2+) channel-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP), which occurs only during the critical period, was not observed. These results suggest that regulation by KS-phosphacan with a specific sulfation pattern is necessary for the generation of LTP and hence the potentiation of nondeprived-eye responses after monocular deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Takeda-Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Department of Neuroscience, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Sugimura
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuchio Yanagawa
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Toshisuke Kawasaki
- Research Center for Glycobiotechnology, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yukio Komatsu
- Department of Neuroscience, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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Taga M, Hoshino H, Low S, Imamura Y, Ito H, Yokoyama O, Kobayashi M. A potential role for 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X in metastasis of bladder urothelial carcinoma. Urol Oncol 2015; 33:496.e1-9. [PMID: 26137907 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It is widely accepted that sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) and sialyl Lewis A (sLeA, also known as CA 19-9) glycans expressed on cancer cells function in E-selectin-mediated metastasis. Recently, it was reported that 6-sulfo sLeX glycans detected by the MECA-79 monoclonal antibody are expressed in roughly a quarter of gastric adenocarcinoma cases, and that these cases show a poorer prognosis than MECA-79-negative cases do. The present study was undertaken to assess expression of 6-sulfo sLeX glycans in bladder urothelial carcinoma and evaluate potential clinical implications. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 78 specimens representing bladder urothelial carcinoma, as well as 4 bladder urothelial carcinoma cell lines, by immunostaining with a battery of anticarbohydrate antibodies. We also undertook an E-selectin·IgM chimera binding assay to assess E-selectin binding to 6-sulfo sLeX expressed on bladder urothelial carcinoma cells and performed reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and complementary DNA transfection to determine which N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferases function in 6-sulfo sLeX biosynthesis in those cells. Finally, we performed double-immunofluorescence staining for MECA-79 and either CD3 or CD8 to evaluate potential association between high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels and tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes. RESULTS 6-Sulfo sLeX glycans were expressed in ~20% of bladder urothelial carcinoma cases, particularly in plasmacytoid and micropapillary variants. Positive cells were also bound by E-selectin·IgM chimeras in a calcium-dependent manner. Transcripts encoding N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase-2 were detected preferentially in HT-1197 bladder urothelial carcinoma cells expressing 6-sulfo sLeX, and transfection of the enzyme complementary DNA into HT-1376 cells, which do not express 6-sulfo sLeX glycans, resulted in cell surface expression of 6-sulfo sLeX. Furthermore, 6-sulfo sLeX glycans were expressed in HEV-like vessels induced in and around lymphocyte aggregates formed near carcinoma cell nests. These HEV-like vessel-associated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were composed primarily of CD3(+) T cells, with a fraction of CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that 6-sulfo sLeX glycans likely play 2 roles in bladder urothelial carcinoma progression: one in lymphocyte recruitment to enhance antitumor immune responses, and the other in E-selectin-mediated tumor cell adhesion to vascular endothelial cells, which is potentially associated with metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minekatsu Taga
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hoshino
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Shulin Low
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Imamura
- Division of Surgical Pathology, University of Fukui Hospital, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Hideaki Ito
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokoyama
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kobayashi
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathological Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Eiheiji, Japan.
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Selectin-mediated leukocyte trafficking during the development of autoimmune disease. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:984-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Foyez T, Takeda-Uchimura Y, Ishigaki S, Narentuya, Zhang Z, Sobue G, Kadomatsu K, Uchimura K. Microglial keratan sulfate epitope elicits in central nervous tissues of transgenic model mice and patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:3053-65. [PMID: 26362733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The functional role of 5D4 antibody-reactive keratan sulfate (KS) in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is unknown. We therefore studied the expression of 5D4-reactive KS in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a motor neuron-degenerative disease, with the use of SOD1(G93A) ALS model mice and patients with ALS. Histochemical and immunoelectron microscopic characterizations showed that the 5D4-reactive KS is expressed in Mac2/galectin-3-positive activated or proliferating microglia of SOD1(G93A) ALS model mice at disease end stage and that the KS is an O-linked glycan modified with sialic acid and fucose, which was thus far shown to exist in cartilage. Intriguingly, microglial KS was detected in the spinal cord and brainstem but not in the cerebral cortex of SOD1(G93A) mice. We found that KSGal6ST, a galactose-6-sulfotransferase, is required for biosynthesis of the microglial 5D4-reactive KS by generating SOD1(G93A)/KSGal6ST(-/-) mice. The requirement of GlcNAc6ST1 for this synthesis was corroborated by analyzing SOD1(G93A)/GlcNAc6ST1(-/-) mice. These results indicate that both galactose-6- and N acteylglucosamine-6-sulfated KS elicited in the spinal cord and brainstem are associated with the degeneration of spinal and bulbar lower motor neurons in ALS pathology and may play a role in disease progression via microglial activation and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmina Foyez
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Shinsuke Ishigaki
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Narentuya
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Zui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Kenji Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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Abstract
Nodular gastritis is a form of chronic Helicobacter pylori gastritis affecting the gastric antrum and characterised endoscopically by the presence of small nodular lesions resembling gooseflesh. It is generally accepted that hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles histologically characterises nodular gastritis; however, quantitative analysis in support of this hypothesis has not been reported. Our goal was to determine whether nodular gastritis is characterised by lymphoid follicle hyperplasia.The number, size, and location of lymphoid follicles in nodular gastritis were determined and those properties compared to samples of atrophic gastritis. The percentages of high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels were also evaluated.The number of lymphoid follicles was comparable between nodular and atrophic gastritis; however, follicle size in nodular gastritis was significantly greater than that seen in atrophic gastritis. Moreover, lymphoid follicles in nodular gastritis were positioned more superficially than were those in atrophic gastritis. The percentage of MECA-79 HEV-like vessels was greater in areas with gooseflesh-like lesions in nodular versus atrophic gastritis.Superficially located hyperplastic lymphoid follicles characterise nodular gastritis, and these follicles correspond to gooseflesh-like nodular lesions observed endoscopically. These observations suggest that MECA-79 HEV-like vessels could play at least a partial role in the pathogenesis of nodular gastritis.
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Ager A, May MJ. Understanding high endothelial venules: Lessons for cancer immunology. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1008791. [PMID: 26155419 PMCID: PMC4485764 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1008791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High endothelial venules (HEVs) are blood vessels especially adapted for lymphocyte trafficking which are normally found in secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes (LN) and Peyer's patches. It has long been known that HEVs develop in non-lymphoid organs during chronic inflammation driven by autoimmunity, infection or allografts. More recently, HEVs have been observed in solid, vascularized tumors and their presence correlated with reduced tumor size and improved patient outcome. It is proposed that newly formed HEV promote antitumor immunity by recruiting naive lymphocytes into the tumor, thus allowing the local generation of cancerous tissue-destroying lymphocytes. Understanding how HEVs develop and function are therefore important to unravel their role in human cancers. In LN, HEVs develop during embryonic and early post-natal life and are actively maintained by the LN microenvironment. Systemic blockade of lymphotoxin-β receptor leads to HEV de-differentiation, but the LN components that induce HEV differentiation have remained elusive. Recent elegant studies using gene-targeted mice have demonstrated clearly that triggering the lymphotoxin-β receptor in endothelial cells (EC) induces the differentiation of HEV and that CD11c+ dendritic cells play a crucial role in this process. It will be important to determine whether lymphotoxin-β receptor-dependent signaling in EC drives the development of HEV during tumorigenesis and which cells have HEV-inducer properties. This may reveal therapeutic approaches to promote HEV neogenesis and determine the impact of newly formed HEV on tumor immunity.
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Key Words
- EC, endothelial cells
- FRC, fibroblast reticular cells
- HEC, high endothelial cells
- HEV, high endothelial venules
- LN, lymph nodes
- LPA, lysophosphatidic acid
- LT, lymphotoxin
- LT-βR, lymphotoxin-β receptor
- MAdCAM, mucosal cell adhesion molecule
- PNAd, peripheral node addressin
- SIP, sphingosine-1-phosphate
- T cell homing
- TLO, tertiary lymphoid organ
- VE-cadherin, vascular endothelial cadherin
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- dendritic cells
- high endothelial venules
- lymphotoxin-β receptor
- tumor immunotherapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Ager
- Infection and Immunity; School of Medicine; Cardiff University ; Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J May
- School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Pennsylvania ; Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Abstract
Keratan sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan that has been investigated in the cornea and skeletal tissues for decades. Endoglycosidases and monoclonal antibodies specific for keratan sulfate have been developed. These materials have facilitated the analysis of keratan sulfate biosynthesis and structures. Likewise, they have expedited study of the biological roles of keratan sulfate in vitro and in vivo. It has been shown that keratan sulfate is also expressed in the central nervous system and functions as a regulator of neuronal regeneration/sprouting. Here, we describe methods to determine the enzymatic activity of GlcNAc6ST, which is involved in keratan sulfate biosynthesis, and to extract and prepare ocular keratan sulfate for a disaccharide composition analysis. Immunohistochemistry for an anti-keratan sulfate epitope in the brain is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Uchimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan,
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DBA/2J mice are susceptible to diabetic nephropathy and diabetic exacerbation of IOP elevation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107291. [PMID: 25207540 PMCID: PMC4160242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Some pathological manifestations of diabetes in the eye include retinopathy, cataracts and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in non-proliferative stages of diabetic retinopathy and small increases in IOP in diabetic patients has raised the possibility that diabetes affects the development and progression of ocular hypertension and glaucoma. The Ins2Akita mutation is known to cause diabetes and retinopathy on a C57BL/6J (B6) background by as early as 3 months of age. Here, the impact of the Akita mutation on glaucoma was assessed using DBA/2J (D2) mice, a widely used mouse model of ocular hypertension induced glaucoma. In D2.Ins2Akita/+ mice, the contribution of diabetes to vascular permeability, IOP elevation, RGC loss, and glaucoma development was assessed. D2.Ins2Akita/+ mice developed a severe diabetic nephropathy and early mortality between 6-8 months of age. This agrees with previous reports showing that the D2 background is more susceptible to diabetes than the B6 background. In addition, D2.Ins2Akita/+ mice had vascular leakage, astrocyte reactivity and a significant increase in IOP. However no RGC loss and no anterograde axonal transport dysfunction were found at 8.5 months of age. Therefore, our data show that despite severe diabetes and an increased IOP compared to controls, RGCs do not lose axon transport or degenerate. This may be due to a DBA/2J-specific genetic modifier(s) that could provide novel and important avenues for developing new therapies for diabetic retinopathy and possibly glaucoma.
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Synthetic di-sulfated iduronic acid attenuates asthmatic response by blocking T-cell recruitment to inflammatory sites. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:8173-8. [PMID: 24835176 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1319870111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of carbohydrate sequences that determine affinity to specific chemokines is a critical step for strategies to interfere with chemokine-mediated leukocyte trafficking. Here, we first characterized the development of allergic asthma in Tie2-dependent and inducible Ext1-knockout (Tie2-Ext1(iKO)) mice. We showed that heparan sulfate is essential for leukocyte recruitment in the peribronchial region and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and is crucial for induction of airway hyperresponsiveness. Our glycan microarray showed a unique affinity profile of chemokine CCL20 to substructures of heparin and heparin-like oligo/di/monosaccharides. Among them, we identified a synthetic and not naturally occurring monosaccharide, 2,4-O-di-sulfated iduronic acid (Di-S-IdoA), as a potential inhibitor for CCL20-heparan sulfate interaction. Mice injected with Di-S-IdoA via tail vain or nasal inhalation showed attenuated leukocyte recruitment into inflammatory sites and BALF. These results demonstrate a critical role of chemokine-heparan sulfate interaction in the asthma development and Di-S-IdoA as a potential drug for asthma treatment.
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Hoshino H, Foyez T, Ohtake-Niimi S, Takeda-Uchimura Y, Michikawa M, Kadomatsu K, Uchimura K. KSGal6ST is essential for the 6-sulfation of galactose within keratan sulfate in early postnatal brain. J Histochem Cytochem 2014; 62:145-56. [PMID: 24152993 PMCID: PMC3902094 DOI: 10.1369/0022155413511619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratan sulfate (KS) comprises repeating disaccharides of galactose (Gal) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Residues of Gal and GlcNAc in KS are potentially modified with sulfate at their C-6 positions. The 5D4 monoclonal antibody recognizes KS structures containing Gal and GlcNAc, both 6-sulfated, and has been used most extensively to evaluate KS expression in mammalian brains. We previously showed that GlcNAc6ST1 is an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of the 5D4 epitope in developing brain and in the adult brain, where it is induced after injury. It has been unclear which sulfotransferase is responsible for Gal-6-sulfation within the 5D4 KS epitope in developing brains. We produced mice deficient in KSGal6ST, a Gal-6-sulfotransferase. Western blotting and immunoprecipitation revealed that all 5D4-immunoreactivity to proteins, including phosphacan, were abolished in KSGal6ST-deficient postnatal brains. Likewise, the 5D4 epitope, expressed primarily in the cortical marginal zone and subplate and dorsal thalamus, was eliminated in KSGal6ST-deficient mice. Disaccharide analysis showed the loss of Gal-6-sulfate in KS of the KSGal6ST-deficient brains. Transfection studies revealed that GlcNAc6ST1 and KSGal6ST cooperated in the expression of the 5D4 KS epitope in HeLa cells. These results indicate that KSGal6ST is essential for C-6 sulfation of Gal within KS in early postnatal brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Hoshino
- Section of Pathophysiology and Neurobiology, Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, (HH, SO, KU), Obu, Japan
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Kadomatsu K, Sakamoto K. Sulfated glycans in network rewiring and plasticity after neuronal injuries. Neurosci Res 2014; 78:50-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Umemoto E, Takeda A, Jin S, Luo Z, Nakahogi N, Hayasaka H, Lee CM, Tanaka T, Miyasaka M. Dynamic changes in endothelial cell adhesion molecule nepmucin/CD300LG expression under physiological and pathological conditions. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83681. [PMID: 24376728 PMCID: PMC3871519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells often change their phenotype to adapt to their local microenvironment. Here we report that the vascular endothelial adhesion molecule nepmucin/CD300LG, which is implicated in lymphocyte binding and transmigration, shows unique expression patterns in the microvascular endothelial cells of different tissues. Under physiological conditions, nepmucin/CD300LG was constitutively and selectively expressed at the luminal surface of the small arterioles, venules, and capillaries of most tissues, but it was only weakly expressed in the microvessels of the splenic red pulp and thymic medulla. Furthermore, it was barely detectable in immunologically privileged sites such as the brain, testis, and uterus. The nepmucin/CD300LG expression rapidly decreased in lymph nodes receiving acute inflammatory signals, and this loss was mediated at least in part by TNF-α. It was also down-regulated in tumors and tumor-draining lymph nodes, indicating that nepmucin/CD300LG expression is negatively regulated by locally produced signals under these circumstances. In contrast, nepmucin/CD300LG was induced in the high endothelial venule-like blood vessels of chronically inflamed pancreatic islets in an animal model of non-obese diabetes. Interestingly, the activated CD4+ T cells infiltrating the inflamed pancreas expressed high levels of the nepmucin/CD300LG ligand(s), supporting the idea that nepmucin/CD300LG and its ligand interactions are locally involved in pathological T cell trafficking. Taken together, these observations indicate that the nepmucin/CD300LG expression in microvascular endothelial cells is influenced by factor(s) that are locally produced in tissues, and that its expression is closely correlated with the level of leukocyte infiltration in certain tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Umemoto
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Akira Takeda
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Soojung Jin
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Zhijuan Luo
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakahogi
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruko Hayasaka
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chun Man Lee
- Medical Center for Translational Research, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masayuki Miyasaka
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, World Premier International Research Center Initiative-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Ichimiya T, Nishihara S, Takase-Yoden S, Kida H, Aoki-Kinoshita K. Frequent glycan structure mining of influenza virus data revealed a sulfated glycan motif that increased viral infection. Bioinformatics 2013; 30:706-11. [DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btt573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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