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Gotlib IH, Buthmann JL, Uy JP. The growing interdisciplinarity of developmental psychopathology: Implications for science and training. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38516854 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The field of developmental psychopathology has grown exponentially over the past decades, and has become increasingly multifaceted. The initial focus on understanding abnormal child psychology has broadened to the study of the origins of psychopathology, with the goals of preventing and alleviating disorder and promoting healthy development. In this paper, we discuss how technological advances and global events have expanded the questions that researchers in developmental psychopathology can address. We do so by describing a longitudinal study that we have been conducting for the past dozen years. We originally planned to examine the effects of early adversity on trajectories of brain development, endocrine function, and depressive symptoms across puberty; it has since become an interdisciplinary study encompassing diverse domains like inflammation, sleep, biological aging, the environment, and child functioning post-pandemic, that we believe will advance our understanding of neurobehavioral development. This increase in the breadth in our study emerged from an expansion of the field; we encourage researchers to embrace these dynamic changes. In this context, we discuss challenges, opportunities, and institutional changes related to the growing interdisciplinarity of the field with respect to training the next generation of investigators to mitigate the burden of mental illness in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Jessica P Uy
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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2
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Heleniak C, Goff B, Gabard-Durnam LJ, Telzer EH, Humphreys KL, Lumian DS, Flannery JE, Caldera C, Shapiro M, Louie JY, Shen F, Vannucci A, Jain M, Glatt CE, Tottenham N. Telomere Erosion and Depressive Symptoms Across Development Following Institutional Care. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 63:365-375. [PMID: 37419142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A large literature has identified exposure to early caregiving adversities as a potent risk for developing affective psychopathology, with depression, in particular, increasing across childhood into adolescence. Evidence suggests telomere erosion, a marker of biological aging, may underlie associations between adverse early-life experiences and later depressive behavior; yet, little is understood about this association during development. METHOD The current accelerated longitudinal study examined concurrent telomere length and depressive symptoms concurrently, 2 and 4 years later, from the preschool period through adolescence among children exposed (n =116) and not exposed (n = 242) to early previous institutional (PI) care. RESULTS PI care was associated with shorter telomeres on average and with quadratic age-related growth in depressive symptoms, indicating a steeper association between PI care and depressive symptoms in younger age groups that leveled off in adolescence. Contrary to studies in adult samples, telomere length was not associated with depressive symptoms, and it did not predict future symptoms. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that early caregiving disruptions increase the risk for both accelerated biological aging and depressive symptoms, although these variables did not correlate with each other during this age range.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bonnie Goff
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Eva H Telzer
- University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | - Mor Shapiro
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Coe JL, Daniels T, Huffhines L, Seifer R, Marsit CJ, Kao HT, Porton B, Parade SH, Tyrka AR. Examining the Biological Impacts of Parent-Child Relationship Dynamics on Preschool-Aged Children who have Experienced Adversity. Dev Psychobiol 2024; 66:e22463. [PMID: 38601953 PMCID: PMC11003752 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Parent-child relationship dynamics have been shown to predict socioemotional and behavioral outcomes for children, but little is known about how they may affect biological development. The aim of this study was to test if observational assessments of parent-child relationship dynamics (cohesion, enmeshment, and disengagement) were associated with three biological indices of early life adversity and downstream health risk: (1) methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1), (2) telomere attrition, and (3) mitochondrial biogenesis, indexed by mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), all of which were measured in children's saliva. We tested hypotheses using a sample of 254 preschool-aged children (M age = 51.04 months) with and without child welfare-substantiated maltreatment (52% with documented case of moderate-severe maltreatment) who were racially and ethnically diverse (17% Black, 40% White, 23% biracial, and 20% other races; 45% Hispanic) and from primarily low-income backgrounds (91% qualified for public assistance). Results of path analyses revealed that: (1) higher parent-child cohesion was associated with lower levels of methylation of NR3C1 exon 1D and longer telomeres, and (2) higher parent-child disengagement was associated with higher levels of methylation of NR3C1 exon 1D and shorter telomeres. Results suggest that parent-child relationship dynamics may have distinct biological effects on children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L. Coe
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, E.P. Bradley Hospital, East Providence, RI, USA
- Initiative on Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR Initiative), Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Teresa Daniels
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Initiative on Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR Initiative), Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lindsay Huffhines
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, E.P. Bradley Hospital, East Providence, RI, USA
- Initiative on Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR Initiative), Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ronald Seifer
- Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hung-Teh Kao
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Barbara Porton
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stephanie H. Parade
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, E.P. Bradley Hospital, East Providence, RI, USA
- Initiative on Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR Initiative), Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Audrey R. Tyrka
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Initiative on Stress, Trauma, and Resilience (STAR Initiative), Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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4
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Ford JL, Pickler R, Browning CR, Tarrence J, Anderson AM, Kertes DA. Associations of depression and anxiety and adolescent telomere length. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 155:106310. [PMID: 37290379 PMCID: PMC10859186 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length (TL), a biomarker of cellular aging, is influenced by adverse life experiences. Although depression and anxiety are associated with shorter TL in adults, the relationship in younger ages has received little attention. We examined relationships between depression and anxiety diagnoses and symptomatology and TL in adolescence, an important developmental window for early intervention. Sex differences in relationships were also examined. METHODS Wave 1 survey and TL data from the Adolescent Health and Development in Context study were analyzed (N = 995). Depression and anxiety diagnosis were parent-reported measures categorized as: current diagnosis, prior diagnosis, and never diagnosed (reference category). Depressive symptoms were measured via adolescent-report using nine items from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale, short form. Anxiety symptoms were measured via adolescent-report using eight items from the pediatric anxiety scale obtained from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System. Genomic DNA was isolated from 500 μL saliva via ethanol precipitation. Genomic DNA TL was assessed using monoplexed quantitative polymerase chain reactions. Relative T/S quantities were calculated in accordance with established procedures. Covariates included sociodemographic factors (sex, age, race/ethnicity, caregiver marital status and education level, and household income), pubertal development, and season of collection. Descriptive and multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted, including an examination of sex as a moderator in the relationships between depression, anxiety, and TL. RESULTS In multivariable analysis, adolescents with a current depression diagnosis (b = -0.26, p < .05), but not a prior diagnosis (b =0.05, p > .05) had shorter TL than those who were never diagnosed; higher depressive symptom scores were associated with shorter TL (b = -0.12, p < .05). No significant associations were found between anxiety diagnosis and TL; however, higher anxiety symptom scores were associated with shorter TL (b = -0.14, p < .01). Sex did not significantly moderate any of the relationships between depression, anxiety and TL. CONCLUSIONS Depression and anxiety were associated with shorter TL in this diverse community sample of adolescents and the findings highlight the potential for impaired mental health to contribute to cellular senescence as early as adolescence. Prospective research on the long-term effect of depression and anxiety occurring earlier in the life span on TL over time is needed, including examination of potential mechanisms that may accelerate or buffer the negative effects of impaired mental health on TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi L Ford
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, 1577 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Rita Pickler
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, 1577 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Christopher R Browning
- The Ohio State University, Department of Sociology, 1885 Neil Avenue Mall, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Avery M Anderson
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing, 1577 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Darlene A Kertes
- University of Florida Department of Psychology, 945 Center Drive/P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL 32611-2250, USA
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Ochi S, Roy B, Prall K, Shelton RC, Dwivedi Y. Strong associations of telomere length and mitochondrial copy number with suicidality and abuse history in adolescent depressed individuals. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3920-3929. [PMID: 37735501 PMCID: PMC10730407 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in adolescents and is a major risk factor for suicidality. Recent evidence shows that accelerated cellular senescence/aging is associated with psychiatric illness, including depression, in adults. The present study examined if the relationships of telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), two critical indicators of cellular senescence/aging, are altered in depressed adolescents and whether these alterations are associated with suicidality, early-life adversities, and other co-occuring factors. In genomic DNA isolated from 53 adolescents (ages 16-19, 19 MDD with suicide attempt/suicidal ideation [MDD + SI/SA], 14 MDD without SA/SI [MDD-SI/SA], and 20 healthy controls [HC]), TL and mtDNAcn were measured as the ratio between the number of telomere repeats and that of a single-copy nuclear-hemoglobin [HBG] gene or the amount of mtDNA (NADH dehydrogenase, subunit 1) relative to HBG. Our data show that TL was significantly lower, and mtDNAcn was significantly higher in the total MDD group than HC. TL was significantly lower and mtDNAcn was significantly higher in the MDD + SA/SI group than in the HC, whereas there were no differences in the MDD-SI/SA group. TL was positively correlated with mtDNAcn in both HC and MDD-SA/SI groups; however, TL was negatively correlated with mtDNAcn in MDD + SA/SI. Furthermore, TL was negatively correlated with the severity of both depression and anxiety, while mtDNAcn was positively correlated with the severity of prior emotional abuse. Our study indicates that cellular senescence is more advanced in depressed adolescents with suicidal ideation and that childhood emotional abuse may participate in such a process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Ochi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Bhaskar Roy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kevin Prall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Richard C Shelton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Tripathi A, Bartosh A, Whitehead C, Pillai A. Activation of cell-free mtDNA-TLR9 signaling mediates chronic stress-induced social behavior deficits. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3806-3815. [PMID: 37528226 PMCID: PMC10730412 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and social behavior deficits are associated with a number of neuropsychiatric disorders. Chronic stress, a major risk factor for depression and other mental health conditions is known to increase inflammatory responses and social behavior impairments. Disturbances in mitochondria function have been found in chronic stress conditions, however the mechanisms that link mitochondrial dysfunction to stress-induced social behavior deficits are not well understood. In this study, we found that chronic restraint stress (RS) induces significant increases in serum cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) levels in mice, and systemic Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) treatment attenuated RS-induced social behavioral deficits. Our findings revealed potential roles of mitophagy and Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) in mediating chronic stress-induced changes in cf-mtDNA levels and social behavior. Furthermore, we showed that inhibition of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) attenuates mtDNA-induced social behavior deficits. Together, these findings show that cf-mtDNA-TLR9 signaling is critical in mediating stress-induced social behavior deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Tripathi
- Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alona Bartosh
- Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carl Whitehead
- Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anilkumar Pillai
- Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Gaylord A, Cohen A, Kupsco A. Biomarkers of aging through the life course: A Recent Literature Update. CURRENT OPINION IN EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 2:7-17. [PMID: 38130910 PMCID: PMC10732539 DOI: 10.1097/pxh.0000000000000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review The development of biomarkers of aging has greatly advanced epidemiological studies of aging processes. However, much debate remains on the timing of aging onset and the causal relevance of these biomarkers. In this review, we discuss the most recent biomarkers of aging that have been applied across the life course. Recent findings The most recently developed aging biomarkers that have been applied across the life course can be designated into three categories: epigenetic clocks, epigenetic markers of chronic inflammation, and mitochondrial DNA copy number. While these have been applied at different life stages, the development, validation, and application of these markers has been largely centered on populations of older adults. Few studies have examined trajectories of aging biomarkers across the life course. As the wealth of molecular and biochemical data increases, emerging biomarkers may be able to capture complex and system-specific aging processes. Recently developed biomarkers include novel epigenetic clocks; clocks based on ribosomal DNA, transcriptomic profiles, proteomics, metabolomics, and inflammatory markers; clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential gene mutations; and multi-omics approaches. Summary Attention should be placed on aging at early and middle life stages to better understand trajectories of aging biomarkers across the life course. Additionally, novel biomarkers will provide greater insight into aging processes. The specific mechanisms of aging reflected by these biomarkers should be considered when interpreting results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Gaylord
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alan Cohen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- PRIMUS Research Group, Department of Family Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Research Center on Aging and Research Center of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Butler Columbia Aging Center, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Allison Kupsco
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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Francis M, Lindrose A, O'Connell S, Tristano RI, McGarvey C, Drury S. The interaction of socioeconomic stress and race on telomere length in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. SSM Popul Health 2023; 22:101380. [PMID: 37065841 PMCID: PMC10102414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Proposed mechanisms relating early life exposures to poor health suggest that biologic indicators of risk are observable in childhood. Telomere length (TL) is a biomarker of aging, psychosocial stress, and a range of environmental exposures. In adults, exposure to early life adversity, including low socioeconomic status (SES), is predictive of shorter TL. However, results in pediatric populations have been mixed. Defining the true relation between TL and SES in childhood is expected to enhance the understanding of the biological pathways through which socioeconomic factors influence health across the life span. Objective The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically review and quantitatively assess the published literature to better understand how SES, race, and TL are related in pediatric populations. Methods Studies in the United States in any pediatric population with any measure of SES were included and identified through the following electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Medline, Socindex, CINAHL, and Psychinfo. Analysis utilized a multi-level random-effects meta-analysis accounting for multiple effect sizes within a study. Results Thirty-two studies were included with a total of 78 effect sizes that were categorized into income-based, education-based, and composite indicators. Only three studies directly tested the relation between SES and TL as the primary study aim. In the full model, there was a significant relation between SES and TL (r = 0.0220 p = 0.0286). Analysis by type of SES categorization identified a significant moderating effect of income on TL (r = 0.0480, 95% CI: 0.0155 to 0.0802, p = 0.0045) but no significant effect for education or composite SES. Conclusions There is an overall association between SES and TL that is predominately due to the association with income-based SES measures implicating income disparities as a key target for efforts to address health inequity across the life span. Identification of associations between family income and biological changes in children that predict life-span health risk provides key data to support public health policies addressing economic inequality in families and presents a unique opportunity to assess the effect of prevention efforts at the biologic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariza Francis
- Neuroscience Program, Tulane Brain Institute and School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Ave., New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Alyssa Lindrose
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Samantha O'Connell
- Office of Academic Affairs and Provost, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Renee I. Tristano
- Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Cecile McGarvey
- Neuroscience Program, Tulane Brain Institute and School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Ave., New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Stacy Drury
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Tulane Brain Institute and School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Ave., New Orleans, LA, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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9
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Han MH, Lee EH, Park HH, Choi SH, Koh SH. Relationship between telomere shortening and early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints in older adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:914-931. [PMID: 36805537 PMCID: PMC10008503 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) has been reported to be associated with depression and cognitive impairment in elderly. Early detection of depression and cognitive impairment is important to delay disease progression. Therefore, we aimed to identify whether TL is associated with early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints among healthy elderly subjects. This study was a multicenter, outcome assessor-blinded, 24-week, randomized controlled trial (RCT). Measurement of questionnaire and physical activity scores and blood sample analyses were performed at baseline and after six months of follow-up in all study participants. Linear regression analyses were performed to identify whether early subjective depressive symptoms, cognitive complaints, and several blood biomarkers are associated with TL. Altogether, 137 relatively healthy elderly individuals (60-79 years old) were enrolled in this prospective RCT. We observed an approximate decrease of 0.06 and 0.11-0.14 kbps of TL per one point increase in the geriatric depression scale and cognitive complaint interview scores, respectively, at baseline and after six months of follow-up. We also found an approximate decrease of 0.08-0.09 kbps of TL per one point increase in interleukin (IL)-6 levels at baseline and after six months of follow-up. Our study showed that both early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints were associated with a relatively shorter TL in relatively healthy elderly individuals. In addition, based on our findings, we believe that IL-6 plays an important role in the relationship between shortening TL and early subjective depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Hoon Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, South Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee Park
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, South Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Koh
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri 11923, South Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul 04763, South Korea
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Hummel EM, Piovesan K, Berg F, Herpertz S, Kessler H, Kumsta R, Moser DA. Mitochondrial DNA as a marker for treatment-response in post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 148:105993. [PMID: 36462294 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious mental health condition thought to be mediated by a dysregulated stress response system. Stress, especially chronic stress, affects mitochondrial activity and their efficiency in duplicating their genomes. Human cells contain numerous mitochondria that harbor multiple copies of their own genome, which consist of a mixture of wild type and variant mtDNA - a condition known as mitochondrial heteroplasmy. Number of mitochondrial genomes in a cell and the degree of heteroplasmy may serve as an indicator of mitochondrial allostatic load. Changes in mtDNA copy number and the proportion of variant mtDNA may be related to mental disorders and symptom severity, suggesting an involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction also in PTSD. Therefore, we examined number and composition of mitochondrial DNA before and after six weeks of inpatient psychotherapy treatment in a cohort of 60 female PTSD patients. We extracted DNA from isolated monocytes before and after inpatient treatment and quantified cellular mtDNA using multiplex qPCR. We hypothesized that treatment would lead to changes in cellular mtDNA levels and that change in mtDNA level would be associated with PTSD symptom severity and treatment response. It could be shown that mtDNA copy number and the ratio of variant mtDNA decreased during therapy, however, this change did not correlate with treatment response. Our results suggest that inpatient treatment can reduce signs of mitochondrial allostatic load, which could have beneficial effects on mental health. The quantification of mtDNA and the determination of cellular heteroplasmy could represent valuable biomarkers for the molecular characterization of mental disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Hummel
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - K Piovesan
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - F Berg
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Herpertz
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - H Kessler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Fulda Hospital, University Medicine Marburg Campus Fulda, Fulda, Germany
| | - R Kumsta
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany; Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Laboratory for Stress and Gene-Environment nterplay, University of Luxemburg, Porte des Sciences, L-4366 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxemburg
| | - D A Moser
- Department of Genetic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
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Wang S, Zhao X, Yu Y, Tao F, Liu D, Sun Y. Prolonged Rather Than Early Childhood Parent-Child Separation Predicts Change in Molecular Markers of Cellular Aging: A Consideration of the Role of Adolescence. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:165-176. [PMID: 36149547 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01681-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Early life adversity is a major risk factor for the onset of psychopathology, and cellular aging may be a mechanism underlying these associations. It is unknown whether and how the pattern (timing and duration) of parent-child separation is associated with accelerated cellular aging, particularly with respect to functional aging and replicative senescence, indexed by mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) elevation and telomere length (TL) attrition. This cohort study included 252 rural adolescents (mean age 11.62 years, SD: 1.56). Nearly one in five participants were persistently separated from both parents since birth. Compared with participants who never separated from their parents, adolescents with prolonged parent-child separation had higher acceleration both in functional aging and replicative senescence of cells. However, that was not the case in adolescents who experienced parent-child separation in early childhood but regained stable parental care during adolescence. These findings indicate that pubertal development reopens a window of opportunity for buffering the adverse biological effect based on significant improvements in the supportiveness of the caregiving environment relative to that in childhood. Translating such knowledge to inform intervention and prevention strategies for youths exposed to adversity is a critical goal for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Deyun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China. .,Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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12
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Panelli DM, Diwan M, Cruz GI, Leonard SA, Chueh J, Gotlib IH, Bianco K. An exploratory analysis of leukocyte telomere length among pregnant and non-pregnant people. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 25:100506. [PMID: 36110146 PMCID: PMC9467886 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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13
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Linghu T, Zhao Y, Wu W, Gao Y, Tian J, Qin X. Novel targets for ameliorating energy metabolism disorders in depression through stable isotope-resolved metabolomics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148578. [PMID: 35640666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The severe harm of depression to human health and life has attracted global attention, but the exact mechanism is not yet known due to the complicated pathogenesis. The existing antidepressants are far from ideal, indicating it is urgently needed to seek safe and effective drugs from a unique perspective. Based on the hypothesis of "mitochondrial dysfunction" proposed recently, we attempt to focus on the substrates supply of energy metabolism. We applied stable isotope-resolved metabolomics, and revealed that significantly decreased TCA cycle and abnormally increased gluconeogenesis pathway in CUMS rats. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and pyruvate carboxylase (PC) maybe the key metabolic enzymes. This metabolic reprogramming was confirmed through ELISA assays and Western blot analysis. To explore the causes of substrates supply disorder in depression, we conducted the mitochondrial structure-function evaluation. Interestingly, the levels of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) decreased significantly, which is essential for the entry of pyruvic acid into the TCA cycle. Together, MPC, PDH and PC are expected to become potential novel therapeutic targets for treating depressive disorders. This research provides a unique insight for re-cognizing the pathological mechanisms of depression, the novel targets for development of ideal antidepressants, as well as a paradigm for deciphering abnormal metabolic pathways in other metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Linghu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Institute for Biomedicine and Health, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, the Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yunhao Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Institute for Biomedicine and Health, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, the Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenze Wu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Institute for Biomedicine and Health, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, the Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Junsheng Tian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Institute for Biomedicine and Health, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, the Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Institute for Biomedicine and Health, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, the Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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14
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Miller JG, Buthmann JL, Gotlib IH. Hippocampal volume indexes neurobiological sensitivity to the effect of pollution burden on telomere length in adolescents. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev 2022; 2022:155-172. [PMID: 35738556 DOI: 10.1002/cad.20471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants has been associated with cellular aging in children and adolescents. Individuals may vary, however, in their sensitivity or vulnerability to the effects of environmental pollutants. Larger hippocampal volume has emerged as a potential index of increased sensitivity to social contexts. In exploratory analyses (N = 214), we extend work in this area by providing evidence that larger hippocampal volume in early adolescence reflects increased sensitivity to the effect of neighborhood pollution burden on telomere length (standardized β = -0.40, 95% CI[-0.65, -0.15]). In contrast, smaller hippocampal volume appears to buffer this association (standardized β = 0.02). In youth with larger hippocampal volume, pollution burden was indirectly associated with shorter telomere length approximately 2 years later through shorter telomere length at baseline (indirect standardized β = -0.25, 95% CI[-0.40, 0.10]). For these youth, living in high or low pollution-burdened neighborhoods may predispose them to develop shorter or longer telomeres, respectively, later in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas G Miller
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jessica L Buthmann
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ian H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Telomere biology is an emerging area of scientific interest. Telomeres are deoxynucleic acid caps at the ends of chromosomes that naturally shorten over one's lifespan; because of this, short telomeres have been studied as a marker of cellular aging. Given the association between short telomeres and genetic and environmental factors, their role in pregnancy has become an intriguing area of research. RECENT FINDINGS This review describes recent data on telomeres in pregnancy. Specifically, we discuss the association between short maternal leukocyte telomeres and poor nutritional status, between short neonatal telomeres and greater maternal psychosocial stress, and between shorter fetal amniotic membrane telomeres and the spontaneous onset of parturition. We also review recent studies suggesting that events during pregnancy can impact telomeres in the offspring years into the future. SUMMARY Telomere length varies in maternal, placental, and neonatal cells, but within each of these compartments telomeres may play their own distinct role during pregnancy. Whether telomeres are reflective of the cumulative impact of stressors, or part of an as-yet unknown fetal programming mechanism is an area of interest. With future research, we may work toward a better understanding of gestational biology which could have far reaching intergenerational impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M. Panelli
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katherine BIANCO
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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16
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Miller JG, López V, Buthmann JL, Garcia JM, Gotlib IH. A Social Gradient of Cortical Thickness in Adolescence: Relations With Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Family Socioeconomic Status, and Depressive Symptoms. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 2:253-262. [PMID: 36032055 PMCID: PMC9410503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas G. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Address correspondence to Jonas G. Miller, Ph.D.
| | - Vanessa López
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Jordan M. Garcia
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Ian H. Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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17
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Stout-Oswald SA, Glynn LM, Bisoffi M, Demers CH, Davis EP. Prenatal exposure to maternal psychological distress and telomere length in childhood. Dev Psychobiol 2022; 64:e22238. [PMID: 35050506 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) is a biological marker of cellular aging, and shorter TL in adulthood is associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk. It is likely that these differences in TL are established long before adulthood, and there is growing evidence that TL can reflect prenatal experiences. Although maternal prenatal distress predicts newborn TL, it is unknown whether the relation between prenatal exposure to maternal distress and child TL persists through childhood. The purpose of the current longitudinal, prospective study is to examine the relation between prenatal exposure to maternal distress (perceived stress, depressive symptoms, pregnancy-related anxiety) and TL in childhood. Participants included 102 children (54 girls) and their mothers. Mothers' distress was assessed five times during pregnancy, at 12 weeks postpartum, and at the time of child telomere measurement between 6 and 16 years of age. Maternal distress during pregnancy predicted shorter offspring TL in childhood, even after accounting for postnatal exposure to maternal distress and other covariates. These findings indicate that maternal mental health predicts offspring TL biology later in childhood than previously observed. This study bolsters claims that telomere biology is subject to fetal programming and highlights the importance of supporting maternal mental health during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura M Glynn
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, California, USA
| | - Marco Bisoffi
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, California, USA
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, California, USA
- School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Orange, California, USA
| | - Catherine H Demers
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Elysia Poggi Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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18
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Sex differences in myelin content of white matter tracts in adolescents with depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:2295-2303. [PMID: 34215842 PMCID: PMC8580976 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a chronic and debilitating condition that often emerges during adolescence, a period of significant brain maturation. Few studies, however, have examined how mechanisms of neuroplasticity, including myelination, are affected by adolescent-onset depression. Here, we used multimodal MR imaging to characterize myelin, indexed by R1, in white matter tracts previously associated with depression and compare 48 adolescents with lifetime depression (45 with current depression, 3 remitted) and 35 healthy controls in R1. Compared to healthy controls, R1 was higher in adolescents with lifetime depression in the uncinate fasciculus and corpus callosum genu (all βs > 0.42; all ps < 0.037). Sex significantly moderated the association between depression and R1 in the left uncinate fasciculus and corpus callosum genu (all βs > 0.86; all ps < 0.02), such that depressed female adolescents had significantly higher R1 in these tracts than did healthy female adolescents (all βs > 0.82; all ps < 0.0012). In contrast, depressed and non-depressed male adolescents did not differ in R1 in these tracts (all ps > 0.32). While fractional anisotropy (FA), a commonly examined measure of white matter organization based on diffusion-weighted MRI, in the left uncinate was positively associated with lifetime depression in our sample (β = 0.56; p = 0.016), we found no evidence of sex-specific effects of depression in FA. Our results suggest that R1 is more sensitive to sex-specific effects of depression than FA, particularly in female adolescents. Given evidence that myelin inhibits synapse formation and reduces brain plasticity, our findings implicate experience-driven regional myelination as a mechanism underlying depression during periods of significant neural maturation such as adolescence.
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19
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Tripathi A, Scaini G, Barichello T, Quevedo J, Pillai A. Mitophagy in depression: Pathophysiology and treatment targets. Mitochondrion 2021; 61:1-10. [PMID: 34478906 PMCID: PMC8962570 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria, the 'powerhouse' of eukaryotic cells, play a key role in cellular homeostasis. However, defective mitochondria increase mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production and cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release, leading to increased inflammation. Mitophagy is a vital pathway, which selectively removes defective mitochondria through the process of autophagy. Thus, an impairment in the mitophagy pathway might trigger the gradual accumulation of defective mitochondria. Accumulating evidence suggest that inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction are linked to the pathogenesis of depression. In this article, we have reviewed the role of impaired mitophagy as a contributing factor in depression pathophysiology. Further, we have discussed the potential therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating mitophagy in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Tripathi
- Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Anilkumar Pillai
- Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA; Research and Development, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
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20
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Methylome-wide change associated with response to electroconvulsive therapy in depressed patients. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:347. [PMID: 34091594 PMCID: PMC8179923 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a quick-acting and powerful antidepressant treatment considered to be effective in treating severe and pharmacotherapy-resistant forms of depression. Recent studies have suggested that epigenetic mechanisms can mediate treatment response and investigations about the relationship between the effects of ECT and DNA methylation have so far largely taken candidate approaches. In the present study, we examined the effects of ECT on the methylome associated with response in depressed patients (n = 34), testing for differentially methylated CpG sites before the first and after the last ECT treatment. We identified one differentially methylated CpG site associated with the effect of ECT response (defined as >50% decrease in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score, HDRS), TNKS (q < 0.05; p = 7.15 × 10-8). When defining response continuously (ΔHDRS), the top suggestive differentially methylated CpG site was in FKBP5 (p = 3.94 × 10-7). Regional analyses identified two differentially methylated regions on chromosomes 8 (Šídák's p = 0.0031) and 20 (Šídák's p = 4.2 × 10-5) associated with ΔHDRS. Functional pathway analysis did not identify any significant pathways. A confirmatory look at candidates previously proposed to be involved in ECT mechanisms found CpG sites associated with response only at the nominally significant level (p < 0.05). Despite the limited sample size, the present study was able to identify epigenetic change associated with ECT response suggesting that this approach, especially when involving larger samples, has the potential to inform the study of mechanisms involved in ECT and severe and treatment-resistant depression.
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21
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Öğütlü H, Esin İS, Erdem HB, Tatar A, Dursun OB. Mitochondrial DNA copy number may be associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder severity in treatment: a one-year follow-up study. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2021; 25:37-42. [PMID: 33555215 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2021.1879158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies on etiopathogenesis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are increasingly focussing on mitochondrial dysfunction. Children diagnosed with ADHD who had significantly higher mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy numbers than healthy children in our first study were re-examined in 1-year follow-up to investigate effects of severity and treatment of ADHD on mtDNA. METHODS Twenty-eight patients who participated in previous study were included in this follow-up study. Patients were equally divided into two groups according to whether they had been receiving treatment. Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version, and Conners Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) were used. Polymerase chain reaction was performed. RESULTS Means of the first and second mtDNA copy were similar in all patients. mtDNA copy numbers did not change between two measurements in treated and non-treated groups. There was a correlation between CPRS ADHD index and inattention scores and mtDNA copy number in treated group. mtDNA copy number did not change in patients with ADHD over a period of 1 year regardless of treatment. CONCLUSIONS There may be a relationship between decreased ADHD severity with treatment and positive effects of mitochondrial functions. Mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in pathophysiology of ADHD.KEY POINTSThis was the first study to follow up ADHD patients in order to investigate mitochondrial dysfunction by measuring mtDNA copy numbers 1 year after the initial measurements.mtDNA copy number, one of the best markers of mitochondrial dysfunction, did not change in ADHD patients over a period of 1 year regardless of treatment.Mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in the pathophysiology of ADHD, where it may be involved with or without treatment.In the treated group, there was an association between decreased ADHD severity and reduced mtDNA copy numbers.There may be a relationship between decreased ADHD severity with treatment and the positive effects of mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Öğütlü
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Selçuk Esin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Haktan Bağış Erdem
- Department of Medical Genetic, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdülgani Tatar
- Department of Medical Genetic, Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Onur Burak Dursun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
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22
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Pisanu C, Congiu D, Manchia M, Caria P, Cocco C, Dettori T, Frau DV, Manca E, Meloni A, Nieddu M, Noli B, Pinna F, Robledo R, Sogos V, Ferri GL, Carpiniello B, Vanni R, Bocchetta A, Severino G, Ardau R, Chillotti C, Zompo MD, Squassina A. Differences in telomere length between patients with bipolar disorder and controls are influenced by lithium treatment. Pharmacogenomics 2020; 21:533-540. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess the role of lithium treatment in the relationship between bipolar disorder (BD) and leukocyte telomere length (LTL). Materials & methods: We compared LTL between 131 patients with BD, with or without a history of lithium treatment, and 336 controls. We tested the association between genetically determined LTL and BD in two large genome-wide association datasets. Results: Patients with BD with a history lithium treatment showed longer LTL compared with never-treated patients (p = 0.015), and similar LTL compared with controls. Patients never treated with lithium showed shorter LTL compared with controls (p = 0.029). Mendelian randomization analysis showed no association between BD and genetically determined LTL. Conclusion: Our data support previous findings showing that long-term lithium treatment might protect against telomere shortening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Pisanu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Donatella Congiu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Mirko Manchia
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical & Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Paola Caria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology & Genetics, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Cristina Cocco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, NEF Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Tinuccia Dettori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology & Genetics, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Daniela Virginia Frau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology & Genetics, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Elias Manca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, NEF Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Anna Meloni
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Mariella Nieddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology & Genetics, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Barbara Noli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, NEF Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Federica Pinna
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical & Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy
| | - Renato Robledo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology & Genetics, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Valeria Sogos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Ferri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, NEF Laboratory, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Bernardo Carpiniello
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical & Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy
| | - Roberta Vanni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Biology & Genetics, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Alberto Bocchetta
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Severino
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
| | - Raffaella Ardau
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy
| | - Caterina Chillotti
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy
| | - Maria Del Zompo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Science, Section of Neuroscience & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, 09042, Italy
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Miller JG, Ho TC, Humphreys KL, King LS, Foland-Ross LC, Colich NL, Ordaz SJ, Lin J, Gotlib IH. Early Life Stress, Frontoamygdala Connectivity, and Biological Aging in Adolescence: A Longitudinal Investigation. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:4269-4280. [PMID: 32215605 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) may accelerate frontoamygdala development related to socioemotional processing, serving as a potential source of resilience. Whether this circuit is associated with other proposed measures of accelerated development is unknown. In a sample of young adolescents, we examined the relations among ELS, frontoamygdala circuitry during viewing of emotional faces, cellular aging as measured by telomere shortening, and pubertal tempo. We found that greater cumulative severity of ELS was associated with stronger negative coupling between bilateral centromedial amygdala and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a pattern that may reflect more mature connectivity. More negative frontoamygdala coupling (for distinct amygdala subdivisions) was associated with slower telomere shortening and pubertal tempo over 2 years. These potentially protective associations of negative frontoamygdala connectivity were most pronounced in adolescents who had been exposed to higher ELS. Our findings provide support for the formulation that ELS accelerates maturation of frontoamygdala connectivity and provide novel evidence that this neural circuitry confers protection against accelerated biological aging, particularly for adolescents who have experienced higher ELS. Although negative frontoamygdala connectivity may be an adaptation to ELS, frontoamygdala connectivity, cellular aging, and pubertal tempo do not appear to be measures of the same developmental process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas G Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Tiffany C Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.,Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kathryn L Humphreys
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Lucy S King
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lara C Foland-Ross
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Natalie L Colich
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Sarah J Ordaz
- Ordaz Psychological Health, Inc., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jue Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ian H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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