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Markey GE, Ryan S, Furuta GT, Menard-Katcher C, McNamee EN, Masterson JC. Hypoxia-inducible microRNA-155 negatively regulates epithelial barrier in eosinophilic esophagitis by suppressing tight junction claudin-7. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23358. [PMID: 38050671 PMCID: PMC10699209 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301934r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated mRNA regulation directs many homeostatic and pathological processes, but how miRNAs coordinate aberrant esophageal inflammation during eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is poorly understood. Here, we report a deregulatory axis where microRNA-155 (miR-155) regulates epithelial barrier dysfunction by selectively constraining tight junction CLDN7 (claudin-7). MiR-155 is elevated in the esophageal epithelium of biopsies from patients with active EoE and in cell culture models. MiR-155 localization using in situ hybridization (ISH) in patient biopsies and intra-epithelial compartmentalization of miR-155 show expression predominantly within the basal epithelia. Epithelial miR-155 activity was evident through diminished target gene expression in 3D organotypic cultures, particularly in relatively undifferentiated basal cell states. Mechanistically, generation of a novel cell line with enhanced epithelial miR-155 stable overexpression induced a functionally deficient epithelial barrier in 3D air-liquid interface epithelial cultures measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Histological assessment of 3D esophageal organoid cultures overexpressing miR-155 showed notable dilated intra-epithelial spaces. Unbiased RNA-sequencing analysis and immunofluorescence determined a defect in epithelial barrier tight junctions and revealed a selective reduction in the expression of critical esophageal tight junction molecule, claudin-7. Together, our data reveal a previously unappreciated role for miR-155 in mediating epithelial barrier dysfunction in esophageal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary E Markey
- Allergy, Inflammation & Remodelling Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Sinéad Ryan
- Allergy, Inflammation & Remodelling Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Glenn T Furuta
- Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Digestive Health Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, CO, USA
| | - Calies Menard-Katcher
- Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Digestive Health Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, CO, USA
| | - Eoin N McNamee
- Mucosal Immunology Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Joanne C Masterson
- Allergy, Inflammation & Remodelling Research Laboratory, Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
- Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Digestive Health Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, CO, USA
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2
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Marella S, Sharma A, Ganesan V, Ferrer-Torres D, Krempski JW, Idelman G, Clark S, Nasiri Z, Vanoni S, Zeng C, Dlugosz AA, Zhou H, Wang S, Doyle AD, Wright BL, Spence JR, Chehade M, Hogan SP. IL-13-induced STAT3-dependent signaling networks regulate esophageal epithelial proliferation in eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:1550-1568. [PMID: 37652141 PMCID: PMC11102758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal zone hyperplasia (BZH) and dilated intercellular spaces (DISs) are thought to contribute to the clinical manifestations of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE); however, the molecular pathways that drive BZH remain largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE We sought to define the role of IL-13-induced transcriptional programs in esophageal epithelial proliferation in EoE. METHODS We performed RNA sequencing, bioinformatics, Western blot, reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR, and histologic analyses on esophageal biopsies from healthy control and patients with EoE, primary esophageal cells derived from patients with EoE, and IL-13-stimulated esophageal epithelial keratinocytes grown at the air-liquid interface (EPC2-ALI). Genetic (shRNA) and pharmacologic (proteolysis-targeting chimera degrader) approaches and in vivo model of IL-13-induced esophageal epithelial remodeling (Krt5-rtTA x tetO-IL-13Tg) were used to define the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and STAT6 and secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) in esophageal epithelial proliferation. RESULTS RNA-sequencing analysis of esophageal biopsies (healthy control vs EoE) and EPC2-ALI revealed 82 common differentially expressed genes that were enriched for putative STAT3 target genes. In vitro and in vivo analyses revealed a link between IL-13-induced STAT3 and STAT6 phosphorylation, SFRP1 mRNA expression, and esophageal epithelial proliferation. In vitro studies showed that IL-13-induced esophageal epithelial proliferation was STAT3-dependent and regulated by the STAT3 target SFRP1. SFRP1 mRNA is increased in esophageal biopsies from patients with active EoE compared with healthy controls or patients in remission and identifies an esophageal suprabasal epithelial cell subpopulation that uniquely expressed the core EoE proinflammatory transcriptome genes (CCL26, ALOX15, CAPN14, ANO1, and TNFAIP6). CONCLUSIONS These studies identify SFRP1 as a key regulator of IL-13-induced and STAT3-dependent esophageal proliferation and BZH in EoE and link SFRP1+ esophageal epithelial cells with the proinflammatory and epithelial remodeling response in EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahiti Marella
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Varsha Ganesan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | | | - James W Krempski
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Gila Idelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Sydney Clark
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Zena Nasiri
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Simone Vanoni
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Chang Zeng
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Andrej A Dlugosz
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Haibin Zhou
- Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Alfred D Doyle
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Benjamin L Wright
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz; Section of Allergy and Immunology, Division of Pulmonology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz
| | - Jason R Spence
- Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Mirna Chehade
- Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
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3
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Wu X, Zhang Y, Wang P, Li X, Song Z, Wei C, Zhang Q, Luo B, Liu Z, Yang Y, Ren Z, Liu H. Clinical and preclinical evaluation of miR-144-5p as a key target for major depressive disorder. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:3598-3611. [PMID: 37308778 PMCID: PMC10580367 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal abnormalities are closely associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). Available evidence suggests a role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating the expression of genes involved in MDD. Hence, miRNAs that can be potential therapeutic targets need to be identified. METHODS A mouse model of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) was used to evaluate the function of miRNAs in MDD. miR-144-5p was screened from the hippocampi of CUS mice based on sequencing results. Adenovirus-associated vectors were used to overexpress or knockdown miR-144-5p in mice. BpV(pic) and LY294002 were used to determine the relationship between miR-144-5p target genes PTEN and TLR4 in neuronal impairment caused by miR-144-5p deficiency. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, ELISA immunosorbent assay, and Golgi staining were used to detect neuronal abnormalities. Serum samples from healthy individuals and patients with MDD were used to detect miR-144-5p levels in the serum and serum exosomes using qRT-PCR. RESULTS miR-144-5p expression was significantly decreased within the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of CUS mice. Upregulation of miR-144-5p in the DG ameliorated depression-like behavior in CUS mice and attenuated neuronal abnormalities by directly targeting PTEN and TLR4 expression. Furthermore, miR-144-5p knockdown in normal mice led to depression-like behavior via inducing neuronal abnormalities, including abnormal neurogenesis, neuronal apoptosis, altered synaptic plasticity, and neuroinflammation. miR-144-5p deficiency-mediated neuronal impairment was mediated by PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling. Furthermore, miR-144-5p levels were downregulated in the sera of patients with MDD and associated with depressive symptoms. Consistently, serum exosome-derived miR-144-5p levels were decreased in patients with MDD. CONCLUSION miR-144-5p plays a vital role in regulating neuronal abnormalities in depression. Our findings provide translational evidence that miR-144-5p is a new potential therapeutic target for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wu
- Department of PsychiatryChaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Department of PsychiatryChaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of PsychiatryChaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of AnatomyAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Zhen Song
- Department of PsychiatryChaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Chuke Wei
- Department of PsychiatryChaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of PsychiatryChaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Bei Luo
- Department of PsychiatryChaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Zhichun Liu
- Department of PsychiatryChaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Yingying Yang
- Department of PsychiatryChaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Zhenhua Ren
- Department of AnatomyAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Huanzhong Liu
- Department of PsychiatryChaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Psychiatric CenterAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
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Nuñez-Borque E, Fernandez-Bravo S, Rodríguez Del Rio P, Palacio-García L, Di Giannatale A, Di Paolo V, Galardi A, Colletti M, Pascucci L, Tome-Amat J, Cuesta-Herranz J, Ibañez-Sandin MD, Laguna JJ, Benito-Martin A, Esteban V. Novel mediator in anaphylaxis: decreased levels of miR-375-3p in serum and within extracellular vesicles of patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1209874. [PMID: 37965316 PMCID: PMC10642912 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1209874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anaphylaxis is among the most severe manifestations of allergic disorders, but its molecular basis remains largely unknown and reliable diagnostic markers are not currently available. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate several pathophysiological processes and have been proposed as non-invasive biomarkers. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate their involvement in anaphylactic reaction and their value as biomarkers. Methods Acute (anaphylaxis) and baseline (control) serum samples from 67 patients with anaphylaxis were studied. Among them, 35 were adults with drug-induced anaphylaxis, 13 adults with food-induced anaphylaxis and 19 children with food-induced anaphylaxis. The circulating serum miRNAs profile was characterized by next-generation sequencing (NGS). For this purpose, acute and baseline samples from 5 adults with drug-induced anaphylaxis were used. RNA was extracted, retrotranscribed, sequenced and the readings obtained were mapped to the human database miRBase_20. In addition, a system biology analysis (SBA) was performed with its target genes and revealed pathways related to anaphylactic mediators signaling. Moreover, functional and molecular endothelial permeability assays were conducted with miR-375-3p-transfected cells in response to cAMP. Results A total of 334 miRNAs were identified, of which 21 were significant differentially expressed between both phases. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were characterized by Western blot, electron microscopy and NanoSight. A decrease of miR-375-3p levels was determined by qPCR in both serum and EVs of patients with anaphylaxis (****p<.0001). Precisely, the decrease of miR-375-3p correlated with the increase of two inflammatory cytokines: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). On the other hand, functional and molecular data obtained showed that miR-375-3p partially blocked the endothelial barrier maintenance and stabilization by disassembly of cell-cell junctions exhibiting low Rac1-Cdc42 levels. Discussion These findings demonstrate a differential serum profile of circulating miRNAs in patients with anaphylaxis and exhibit the miR-375-3p modulation in serum and EVs during drug- and food-mediated anaphylactic reactions. Furthermore, the in silico and in vitro studies show a negative role for miR-375-3p/Rac1-Cdc42 in the endothelial barrier stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Nuñez-Borque
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Fernandez-Bravo
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Rodríguez Del Rio
- Allergy Department, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Fundación Hospital Niño Jesús (HNJ), Instituto de Investigación del Hospital de La Princesa (IIS-P), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Palacio-García
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela Di Giannatale
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Di Paolo
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Galardi
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Colletti
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Pascucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Jaime Tome-Amat
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Cuesta-Herranz
- Department of Allergy. Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Ibañez-Sandin
- Allergy Department, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Fundación Hospital Niño Jesús (HNJ), Instituto de Investigación del Hospital de La Princesa (IIS-P), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Julio Laguna
- Allergy Unit, Allergo-Anaesthesia Unit, Cruz Roja Central Hospital, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio (UAX), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Benito-Martin
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio (UAX), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Esteban
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio (UAX), Madrid, Spain
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5
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Jhaveri PB, Lambert KA, Bogale K, Lehman E, Alexander C, Ishmael F, Jhaveri PN, Hicks SD. Salivary microRNAs in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis. Allergy Asthma Proc 2023; 44:145-152. [PMID: 36872450 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2023.44.220102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Diagnosis and management of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) occur via esophagogastroduodenoscopy with tissue biopsy. Objective: We sought to determine if salivary microribonucleic acid (miRNA) levels could differentiate children with EoE, serving as a noninvasive biomarker. Methods: Saliva was collected from children undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (N = 291). miRNA analysis was conducted on 150 samples: EoE (n = 50), no pathologic alteration (n = 100). RNA was quantified with high throughput sequencing and aligned to build hg38 of the human genome using sequencing and alignment software. Quantile normalized levels of robustly expressed miRNAs (raw counts > 10 in 10% of samples) were compared across EoE and non-EoE groups with Wilcoxon rank sum testing. miRNA biomarker candidates were selected based on variable importance projection (VIP) scoring with partial least squared discriminant analysis (VIP > 1.5). Ability of these miRNAs to differentiate EoE status was assessed via logistic regression. Putative biologic targets for the miRNA candidates were determined in miRNA pathway analysis software. Results: Of the 56 salivary miRNAs reliably detected, miR-205-5p displayed the largest difference between EoE and non-EoE groups (V = 1623, adjusted p = 0.029). Six miRNAs (miR-26b-5p, miR-27b-3p, Let-7i-5p, miR-142-5p, miR-30a-5p, miR-205-5p) displayed elevated VIP scores (>1.5) and were able to differentiate EoE samples on logistic regression analysis with 70% sensitivity and 68% specificity. These six miRNAs demonstrated significant enrichment for gene targets involved in valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis (p = 0.0012), 2-oxycarboxylic acid metabolism (p = 0.043), and steroid hormone biosynthesis (p = 0.048). Conclusions: Salivary miRNAs represent a noninvasive, biologically relevant measure that may aid disease monitoring of EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Bm Jhaveri
- From the Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristin A Lambert
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital & Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kaleb Bogale
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Erik Lehman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Chandran Alexander
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Faoud Ishmael
- Department of Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Mount Nittany Medical Group, State College, Pennsylvania, and
| | - Punit N Jhaveri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Steve D Hicks
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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6
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Grueso-Navarro E, Navarro P, Laserna-Mendieta EJ, Lucendo AJ, Arias-González L. Blood-Based Biomarkers for Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Concomitant Atopic Diseases: A Look into the Potential of Extracellular Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043669. [PMID: 36835081 PMCID: PMC9967575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, Th2-inflammatory disease of the esophagus that can severely affect food intake. Currently, diagnosis and assessing response to treatment of EoE is highly invasive and requires endoscopy with esophageal biopsies. Finding non-invasive and accurate biomarkers is important for improving patient well-being. Unfortunately, EoE is usually accompanied by other atopies, which make it difficult to identify specific biomarkers. Providing an update of circulating EoE biomarkers and concomitant atopies is therefore timely. This review summarizes the current knowledge in EoE blood biomarkers and two of its most common comorbidities, bronchial asthma (BA) and atopic dermatitis (AD), focusing on dysregulated proteins, metabolites, and RNAs. It also revises the current knowledge on extracellular vesicles (EVs) as non-invasive biomarkers for BA and AD, and concludes with the potential use of EVs as biomarkers in EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grueso-Navarro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital General de Tomelloso, Tomelloso, 13700 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45004 Toledo, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.G.-N.); (A.J.L.)
| | - Pilar Navarro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital General de Tomelloso, Tomelloso, 13700 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - Emilio J. Laserna-Mendieta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital General de Tomelloso, Tomelloso, 13700 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45004 Toledo, Spain
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo J. Lucendo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital General de Tomelloso, Tomelloso, 13700 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45004 Toledo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.G.-N.); (A.J.L.)
| | - Laura Arias-González
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital General de Tomelloso, Tomelloso, 13700 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45004 Toledo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Zhang C, Talifu Z, Xu X, Liu W, Ke H, Pan Y, Li Y, Bai F, Jing Y, Li Z, Li Z, Yang D, Gao F, Du L, Li J, Yu Y. MicroRNAs in spinal cord injury: A narrative review. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1099256. [PMID: 36818651 PMCID: PMC9931912 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1099256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a global medical problem with high disability and mortality rates. At present, the diagnosis and treatment of SCI are still lacking. Spinal cord injury has a complex etiology, lack of diagnostic methods, poor treatment effect and other problems, which lead to the difficulty of spinal cord regeneration and repair, and poor functional recovery. Recent studies have shown that gene expression plays an important role in the regulation of SCI repair. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules that target mRNA expression in order to silence, translate, or interfere with protein synthesis. Secondary damage, such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation, occurs after SCI, and differentially expressed miRNAs contribute to these events. This article reviews the pathophysiological mechanism of miRNAs in secondary injury after SCI, focusing on the mechanism of miRNAs in secondary neuroinflammation after SCI, so as to provide new ideas and basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of miRNAs in SCI. The mechanisms of miRNAs in neurological diseases may also make them potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for spinal cord injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjia Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Zuliyaer Talifu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Wubo Liu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China,Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Han Ke
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China,Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yunzhu Pan
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Bai
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Yingli Jing
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Li
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Zehui Li
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Degang Yang
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Liangjie Du
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China,*Correspondence: Jianjun Li,
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,Yan Yu,
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8
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MicroRNA-21-5p promotes mucosal type 2 inflammation via regulating GLP1R/IL-33 signaling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:1460-1475. [PMID: 35835254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been known that chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a type 2 inflammation-dominated disease; however, the reasons causing such type of mucosal inflammation in CRSwNP are not well elucidated. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the role of microRNA-21-5p (miR-21-5p) in regulating mucosal type 2 inflammation in CRSwNP. METHODS miR-21-5p expression was detected in nasal mucosa of patients with CRSwNP. Correlations between miR-21-5p and indicators of type 2 inflammation were further analyzed. miR-21 knockout mice were used to explore the role of miR-21-5p in a murine model of eosinophilic (E) CRSwNP. Target gene of miR-21-5p related to type 2 inflammation in CRSwNP was identified. RESULTS The upregulated miR-21-5p in the nasal mucosa of patients with CRSwNP, compared with control subjects, was expressed higher in patients with ECRSwNP than in patients with nonECRSwNP. miR-21-5p expression was positively correlated with mucosal eosinophil infiltrations and the expression of type 2 inflammatory cytokines. In the CRSwNP mice, miR-21 knockout significantly attenuated type 2 inflammation, as indicated by eosinophil infiltrations and expression of cytokines/chemokines in nasal mucosa and lavage fluid; moreover, genes associated with type 2 inflammation were extensively downregulated at the transcriptome level in miR-21 knockout mice. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor, which was negatively correlated with miR-21-5p expression in human nasal mucosa, was identified as the target of miR-21-5p. Overexpression of miR-21-5p induced IL-33 expression, whereas glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist decreased IL-33 production in airway epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS miR-21-5p aggravates type 2 inflammation in the nasal mucosa of patients with CRSwNP via targeting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor/IL-33 signaling, which may be a potential therapeutic target for CRSwNP.
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Patel V, Ma S, Yadlapati R. Salivary biomarkers and esophageal disorders. Dis Esophagus 2022; 35:6566015. [PMID: 35397479 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doac018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Saliva is a complex physiologic fluid that contains an abundance of biological analytes, or biomarkers. Recent research has shown that these biomarkers may be able to convey the physiologic health of a person. Work has been done linking derangements in these salivary biomarkers to a wide variety of pathologic disorders ranging from oncologic diseases to atopic conditions. The specific area of interest for this review paper is esophageal disorders. Particularly because the diagnosis and management of esophageal disorders often includes invasive testing such as esophagogastroduodenoscopy, prolonged pH monitoring, and biopsy. The aim of this review will be to explore salivary biomarkers (pepsin, bile, epidermal growth factor, and micro-RNA) that are being studied as they relate specifically to esophageal disorders. Finally, it will explore the benefits of salivary testing and identify areas of possible future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandan Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rena Yadlapati
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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10
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Inhibition of microRNA-665 Alleviates Septic Acute Kidney Injury by Targeting Bcl-2. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:2961187. [PMID: 35281537 PMCID: PMC8913057 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2961187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis can easily cause acute kidney injury (AKI) and seriously endanger human health. This article aims to investigate and study the role of microRNA-665 (miR-665) in septic AKI and the underlying molecular mechanism. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to construct cell and animal models of septic AKI. The expression of miR-665 in cells and kidney tissues was detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The contents of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the cell supernatant were detected using commercial kits. Renal tissue damage was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Kidney function was assessed by serum Cr, serum BUN, and urine NAG levels. The apoptosis of HK-2 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. Luciferase activity assay was performed for the verification of the target of miR-665. The expression of miR-665 was increased in the cell model and animal model of septic AKI constructed by LPS. By transfecting miR-665 inhibitor in HK-2 cells and injecting miR-665 antagomir (antagomiR-665) through the tail vein of rats, the expression of miR-665 in HK-2 cells and rat kidneys was remarkably reduced. Silencing miR-665 dramatically inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in LPS-induced HK-2 cells and reduced LPS-induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells. At the same time, the levels of serum Cr, serum BUN, and urine NAG decreased markedly, and the damage of the kidney was also alleviated. Finally, luciferase reporter experiments demonstrated that miR-665 directly targets Bcl-2. We revealed that miR-665 expression was increased in septic AKI, and silencing miR-665 could inhibit LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis of the kidney by targeting Bcl-2, thereby improving renal function.
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11
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Ghisa M, Savarino V, Buda A, Katzka DA, Savarino E. Toward a potential association between eosinophilic esophagitis and Klinefelter syndrome: a case series and review of the literature. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2022; 15:17562848221076888. [PMID: 35186122 PMCID: PMC8855470 DOI: 10.1177/17562848221076888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a sex aneuploidy abnormality comprised by one additional X chromosome. It occurs in 1:500-1000 male births. As with women, an increased susceptibility to autoimmune diseases is present. We report three cases of coexisting EoE and KS for a prevalence of 2% in our EoE clinic. Possible changes in gene expression in KS are reviewed, some of which may be related to activation of genes located on the X chromosome. We postulate that these X-activated genes in patients with KS yield a greater likelihood of developing EoE because of their genetic predisposition to autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ghisa
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgery,
Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of
Oncological Gastrointestinal Surgery, S. Maria del Prato Hospital, Feltre,
Italy
| | - Vincenzo Savarino
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal
Medicine, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino,
Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Buda
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of
Oncological Gastrointestinal Surgery, S. Maria del Prato Hospital, Feltre,
Italy
| | - David A. Katzka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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12
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Juzenas S, Hübenthal M, Lindqvist CM, Kruse R, Steiert TA, Degenhardt F, Schulte D, Nikolaus S, Zeissig S, Bergemalm D, Almer S, Hjortswang H, Bresso F, Strüning N, Kupcinskas J, Keller A, Lieb W, Rosenstiel P, Schreiber S, D’Amato M, Halfvarson J, Hemmrich-Stanisak G, Franke A. Detailed Transcriptional Landscape of Peripheral Blood Points to Increased Neutrophil Activation in Treatment-Naïve Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:1097-1109. [PMID: 35022690 PMCID: PMC9351981 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is a chronic relapsing disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, which generally manifests as Crohn's disease [CD] or ulcerative colitis [UC]. These subtypes are heterogeneous in terms of disease location and histological features, while sharing common clinical presentation, genetic associations and, thus, common immune regulatory pathways. METHODS Using miRNA and mRNA coupled transcriptome profiling and systems biology approaches, we report a comprehensive analysis of blood transcriptomes from treatment-naïve [n = 110] and treatment-exposed [n = 177] IBD patients as well as symptomatic [n = 65] and healthy controls [n = 95]. RESULTS Broadly, the peripheral blood transcriptomes of CD and UC patients were similar. However, there was an extensive gene deregulation in the blood of IBD patients, while only a slight deregulation in symptomatic controls, when compared with healthy controls. The deregulated mRNAs and miRNAs are mainly involved in the innate immunity and are especially enriched in neutrophil activation-related pathways. Oxidative phosphorylation and neutrophil activation-related modules were found to be differentially co-expressed among treatment-naïve IBD as compared to healthy controls. In the deregulated neutrophil activation-related co-expression module, IL1B was identified as the central gene. Levels of co-expression among IL1B and chemosensing receptor [CXCR1/2 and FPR1/2] genes were reduced in the blood of IBD patients when compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Immune dysregulation seen in peripheral blood transcriptomes of treatment-naïve IBD patients is mainly driven by neutrophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonas Juzenas
- Corresponding author: Simonas Juzenas, PhD, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel (CAU), Rosalind-Franklin-Str. 12, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Matthias Hübenthal
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany,Department of Dermatology, Quincke Research Center, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carl Mårten Lindqvist
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Robert Kruse
- Department of Clinical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden,iRiSC – Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Tim Alexander Steiert
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Frauke Degenhardt
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dominik Schulte
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany,Institute of Diabetes and Clinical Metabolic Research, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanna Nikolaus
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zeissig
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden), Dresden, Germany,Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Bergemalm
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Sven Almer
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, and Division of Gastroenterology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Hjortswang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linköping University, Linköping, and Department of Health, Medicine, and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Francesca Bresso
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, and Division of Gastroenterology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Nina Strüning
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Andreas Keller
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mauro D’Amato
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Gastrointestinal Genetics Lab, CIC bioGUNE – BRTA, Derio, Spain,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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13
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Yuan S, Wu Q, Wang Z, Che Y, Zheng S, Chen Y, Zhong X, Shi F. miR-223: An Immune Regulator in Infectious Disorders. Front Immunol 2021; 12:781815. [PMID: 34956210 PMCID: PMC8702553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.781815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are diminutive noncoding RNAs that can influence disease development and progression by post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression. The anti-inflammatory miRNA, miR-223, was first identified as a regulator of myelopoietic differentiation in 2003. This miR-223 exhibits multiple regulatory functions in the immune response, and abnormal expression of miR-223 is shown to be associated with multiple infectious diseases, including viral hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and tuberculosis (TB) by influencing neutrophil infiltration, macrophage function, dendritic cell (DC) maturation and inflammasome activation. This review summarizes the current understanding of miR-223 physiopathology and highlights the molecular mechanism by which miR-223 regulates immune responses to infectious diseases and how it may be targeted for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanjia Che
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sihao Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Association of Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:2669-2673. [PMID: 32851497 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06566-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is thought to be an atopic disorder causing dysphagia. HIV patients have dysphagia from both common (reflux esophagitis) and uncommon causes (idiopathic esophageal ulceration). Only a single case report about the occurrence of EoE in an HIV patient exists in literature. AIM The aim of this study was to determine if HIV and EoE occur concurrently using a large inpatient database. METHODS Data on hospital admissions of all HIV adult patients were extracted from the 2002-2014 National Inpatient Sample. Comorbidities and outcomes of interest were defined by querying all diagnostic and procedural fields for the corresponding ICD-9 codes. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between HIV and EoE. Similarly, we assessed the relation between HIV and eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE). RESULTS The total population comprised of 101,137,145 patients, of which 231,691 (0.229%) have HIV and 5038 (0.004%) have EoE. HIV patients were younger (45.2 vs 48 years old and more likely to be male (62.2% vs 41.5%) and African American (53.9% vs 14.2%) compared to non-HIV patients (P < 0.001 for all). After adjusting for potential cofounding factors, HIV patients had a statistically significant higher rate of EoE (Odds Ratio 2.108, with 95% confidence interval 1.268-3.506, P = 0.004) compared to the non-HIV group. On the other hand, HIV was not associated with increased risk of EGE (Odds Ratio 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.109-5.557, P = 0.804). CONCLUSION Patients with HIV are twice as likely to have EoE compared to those without HIV. Evaluation of dysphagia in HIV patients should include assessment for EoE, especially when empiric antifungal therapy for candida esophagitis does not improve clinical symptoms.
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15
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Biomarkers in Different Asthma Phenotypes. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060801. [PMID: 34070316 PMCID: PMC8226821 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most common respiratory disease. It has multiple phenotypes thatcan be partially differentiated by measuring the disease’s specific characteristics—biomarkers. The pathogenetic mechanisms are complex, and it is still a challenge to choose suitable biomarkers to adequately stratify patients, which became especially important with the introduction of biologicals in asthma treatment. Usage of biomarkers and an understanding of the underlying pathobiological mechanisms lead to the definition of endotypes. Asthma can be broadly divided into two endotypes, T2-high and T2-low. The right combination of various biomarkers in different phenotypes is under investigation, hoping to help researchers and clinicians in better disease evaluation since theindividual approach and personalized medicine are imperative. Multiple biomarkers are superior to a single biomarker.
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16
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Identification of candidate microRNA markers of endometriosis with the use of next-generation sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Fertil Steril 2021; 113:1232-1241. [PMID: 32482255 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify novel candidate diagnostic microRNA (miRNA) markers of endometriosis by means of an unbiased search with confirmation by means of targeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DESIGN Retrospective cohort. SETTING University teaching hospitals. PATIENT(S) Women with endometriosis and control women, confirmed with the use of laparoscopy. INTERVENTIONS(S) Diagnostic laparoscopy and blood sample. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULT(S) Candidate miRNAs differentially expressed in women with endometriosis compared with control women were identified by means of NGS and selected for qRT-PCR. Plasma samples from another cohort of women with surgically confirmed endometriosis (n = 53) and disease-free control women (n = 53) were checked for hemolysis using spectrophotometry and the ratio of miR-23a and miR-451 by means of qRT-PCR. MicroRNA signatures were quantified by means of qRT-PCR in hemolysis-free plasma samples of case subjects (n = 25) and control subjects (n = 28) with the use of miRcury LNA miRNA. Circulating levels of eight miRNAs (miR-199a-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-340-5p, let-7b-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-103a-3p) were significantly lower in case subjects compared to control subjects. The sensitivity and specificity for individual miRNAs ranged from 0.36 to 1.00 and from 0.43 to 1.00, respectively, but when combined produced sensitivity and specificity of 0.92 and 0.86 with positive (PPV) and (NPV) predictive values of 0.85 and 0.92, respectively. However, combination of five miRNAs (miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-199a-3p, miR-143-3p, and let-7b-5p) produced sensitivity and specificity of 0.96 and 0.79 with PPV and NPV of 0.80 and 0.96, respectively. CONCLUSION(S) We conclude that a panel of candidate miRNAs was comparable to laparoscopy in distinguishing between women with endometriosis and control women.
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17
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Paul S, Ruiz-Manriquez LM, Ledesma-Pacheco SJ, Benavides-Aguilar JA, Torres-Copado A, Morales-Rodríguez JI, De Donato M, Srivastava A. Roles of microRNAs in chronic pediatric diseases and their use as potential biomarkers: A review. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 699:108763. [PMID: 33460581 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding highly conserved RNA molecules that can act as master regulators of gene expression in a sequence-specific manner either by translation repression or mRNA degradation, influencing a wide range of biologic processes that are essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Chronic pediatric diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide among children and the recent evidence indicates that aberrant miRNA expression significantly contributes to the development of chronic pediatric diseases. This review focuses on the role of miRNAs in five major chronic pediatric diseases including bronchial asthma, congenital heart diseases, cystic fibrosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and epilepsy, and their potential use as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Paul
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico.
| | - Luis M Ruiz-Manriquez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - S Janin Ledesma-Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Javier A Benavides-Aguilar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Andrea Torres-Copado
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Jonathan I Morales-Rodríguez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Marcos De Donato
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, 76130, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Aashish Srivastava
- Section of Bioinformatics, Clinical Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5021, Norway
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Proton-pump Inhibitor Response Prediction Using Esophageal microRNAs in Children With Eosinophilic Esophagitis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2020; 71:755-763. [PMID: 33003164 PMCID: PMC7752232 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic esophageal disease characterized by eosinophilic inflammation. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) induce disease remission but no predictive factors of PPI-responsiveness have been identified yet. So, a biomarker must be found to differentiate between responders (PPI-R) and nonresponder patients (PPI-NR) to PPI. Aims were to identify any molecular biomarker that could predict PPI responsiveness and to study molecular remission after PPI therapy. METHODS This prospective study enrolled 39 controls and 43 pediatric children with EoE from 2 hospitals, and they were treated with esomeprazole for 8 to 12 weeks. After therapy, patients were classified as either PPI-R or PPI-NR. Biopsies were collected and RNA, microRNAs, and proteins were isolated from them, measuring levels by qPCR and Western blot (WB). Also, miRNAs were evaluated in serum. RESULTS We found several esophageal miRNAs with different expression values between PPI-R and PPI-NR children, which can be used to discriminate them (area under curve = 0.90). No useful serum miRNAs were, however, identified. Also, these miRNAs were dysregulated in responder patients before and after PPI therapy. Moreover, we corroborated in this child population, that PPI-R displayed a significant decrease in eotaxin-3, IL-5, IL-13, periostin, and major basic protein (P < 0.05) and a significant increase in filaggrin levels after PPI treatment (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Esophageal miRNA levels found are able to discriminate between both PPI-R and PPI-NR at baseline, and before and after treatment in PPI-R, so they could be used as biomarkers. Furthermore, we observed clinical and esophageal molecular restoration in PPI-R patients after PPI therapy.
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19
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Collison AM, Sokulsky LA, Nightingale S, Percival E, LeFevre A, Meredith J, Krauss S, Foster PS, Mattes J. In vivo targeting of miR-223 in experimental eosinophilic oesophagitis. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1210. [PMID: 33282292 PMCID: PMC7683276 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is characterised by oesophageal inflammation, fibrosis and dysfunction. Micro (mi)-RNAs interfere with pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic transcriptional programs, and miR-223 was upregulated in oesophageal mucosal biopsy specimens from EoE patients. The therapeutic potential of modulating miR-223 expression in vivo has not been determined. We aimed to elucidate the relevance of oesophageal miR-223 expression in an in vivo model of EoE by inhibiting miR-223 tissue expression. Methods The expression of miR-223 and the validated miR-223 target insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R) protein was determined in our paediatric cohort of EoE patients. A murine model of Aspergillus fumigatus-induced EoE was employed, and oesophagi were assessed for miR-233, IGF1R, T lymphocyte type 2 (T2) cytokine expression and eosinophil infiltration. Mice were treated with antagomirs targeting miR-223 or resveratrol targeting its upstream regulator Midline-1(MID-1). Results There was an inverse relationship between an increased expression of miR-223 and a decreased IGF1R protein concentration in biopsy specimens from EoE patients. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand deficiency, MID-1 inhibition and resveratrol treatment suppressed miR-223 expression. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-223 and treatment with resveratrol in the oesophagus resulted in an amelioration of EoE hallmark features including eosinophilic infiltration, oesophageal circumference and a reduction in T2 cytokine expression. Conclusion miR-223 has a key role in the perpetuation of EoE hallmark features downstream of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and MID-1 in an experimental model. These studies highlight a potentially critical role of miRNA function in EoE aetiology. miR-223 expression in the oesophagus may be therapeutically modulated by resveratrol, providing a potential new therapeutic option to be explored in EoE patients for this increasingly prevalent condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Collison
- Experimental and Translational Respiratory Medicine Group Newcastle NSW Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Leon A Sokulsky
- Experimental and Translational Respiratory Medicine Group Newcastle NSW Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle NSW Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Scott Nightingale
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle NSW Australia.,Paediatric Gastroenterology Department John Hunter Children's Hospital Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Elizabeth Percival
- Experimental and Translational Respiratory Medicine Group Newcastle NSW Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Anna LeFevre
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Joseph Meredith
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Sybille Krauss
- Faculty IV: School of Science and Technology Institute of Biology Department Human Biology/Neurobiology University of Siegen Siegen Germany
| | - Paul S Foster
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - Joerg Mattes
- Experimental and Translational Respiratory Medicine Group Newcastle NSW Australia.,Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute Newcastle NSW Australia.,Paediatric Respiratory & Sleep Medicine Department Newcastle Children's Hospital Kaleidoscope Newcastle NSW Australia
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20
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Anlar HG, Galbiati V, Corsini E, BaŞaran N. Evaluation of the Possible Role of miRNAs in Chemical Allergen Potency. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 17:452-456. [PMID: 32939143 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.25349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, endogenous noncoding RNA molecules that can bind to certain parts of target mRNAs, thereby regulating gene expression. Studies showed that miRNAs could be up- or downregulated in different allergic skin conditions but there is still need for further studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of miRNAs in response to the common contact allergen Bandrowski's base (BB), the principal allergen in patients reacting to p-phenylenediamine (PPD). Materials and Methods The human promyelocytic cell line THP-1 was exposed to BB at a concentration of 1 μg/mL for 24, 48, and 72 h. The dose was selected from the results of cytotoxicity assays. RNA was purified and miRNA expression profile and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) were performed to identify up- or downregulated miRNAs and confirm their modulations. Results Among the different modulated miRNAs, the upregulation of miRNA-155 and the downregulation of miRNA-21 were found to be important because these are related to immune system. This expression profile of miRNAs was also confirmed by RT-PCR. Conclusion These preliminary results showed that miR-155 and miR-21 may play a role in the pathogenesis of allergic contact dermatitis, but further studies are needed to clarify their definite roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Gül Anlar
- Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Valentina Galbiati
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Milan, Italy
| | - Nurşen BaŞaran
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Bhardwaj N, Sena M, Ghaffari G, Ishmael F. MiR-4668 as a Novel Potential Biomarker for Eosinophilic Esophagitis. ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY 2020; 11:2152656720953378. [PMID: 32923026 PMCID: PMC7457706 DOI: 10.1177/2152656720953378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a clinico-pathological diagnosis
characterized by esophageal dysfunction and eosinophilic infiltration of the
esophagus. Demonstration of esophageal eosinophilia (more than 15
eosinophils/hpf) in biopsy specimen obtained by esophagogastroduodenoscopy
(EGD) continues to be the gold standard for diagnosis and monitoring of
response to therapy. There is a growing necessity for non-invasive
biomarkers that can accurately diagnose this condition and assess response
to therapy. While microRNAs (miRNA) are being investigated in allergic
diseases, including EoE, not many studies have explored the role of salivary
miRNAs in EoE. MiR-4668-5p is a particularly interesting candidate, as it is
predicted to regulate TGF-beta signaling and has not previously been
identified as a target in any allergy disease. We sought to further
investigate the role of miR-4668 as a biomarker to characterize and monitor
response to treatment with swallowed topical glucocorticoids. Methods After IRB approval, twenty-two adult patients with EoE were randomly enrolled
to provide a saliva sample before and after 2 months of swallowed
fluticasone therapy. Differences of miRNA expression before and after
treatment were analyzed by paired T-test. A significance cutoff of <0.05
was used for all analyses. Results Expression of miR-4668 was higher in EoE vs. non-EoE subjects. The level of
miR-4668 decreased in all subjects except one, with a mean fold change
0.49 ± 0.25. There was an association between miRNA expression and number of
positive aeroallergens. The miR-4668 high group had a higher number of
positive aeroallergen tests, while the miR-4668 low group had a greater
number of subjects with drug allergies. Conclusions In this study, we identified that salivary miRNAs may serve as biomarkers to
characterize EoE and response to topical corticosteroids. We specifically
identified miR-4668 as a novel potential biomarker, which was not previously
discovered as a target in EoE or any other allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeti Bhardwaj
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Pennsylvania State Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Maria Sena
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Gisoo Ghaffari
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Faoud Ishmael
- Mount Nittany Medical Center, Allergy and Immunology Group, State College, Pennsylvania
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22
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Luo X, Zeng Q, Yan S, Liu W, Luo R. MicroRNA-375-mediated regulation of ILC2 cells through TSLP in allergic rhinitis. World Allergy Organ J 2020; 13:100451. [PMID: 32802247 PMCID: PMC7419668 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2020.100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that the number and function of type II innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) in peripheral blood of allergic rhinitis (AR) children increased significantly. This study aims to evaluate the role of miR-375 in the regulation of the differentiation and function of ILC2 through both in vivo and in vitro studies. Methods The expression of miR-375, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and the frequency of ILC2 were detected and compared between AR children and controls by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry, respectively. The miR-375 mimics or inhibitors were transfected into human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs), and the production of TSLP was detected by ELISA. HNECs and ILC2s were co-cultured to explore the role of miR-375 on ILC2s. AR mice models were established to prove the effect of miR-375 on ILC2s in vivo. Results The expression of TSLP, miR-375, and the frequency of ILC2 were significantly higher in AR compared with controls. We found that the TSLP expression by HNECs were significantly higher when transfected with miR-375 mimics than in those transfected with miR-control and miR-375 inhibitor. In the coculture system, HNECs transfected with miR-375 mimics promote the type II cytokines production by ILC2, and this effect was blocked by anti-TSLP. Our results also showed that the miR-375 inhibitors attenuate allergic symptoms and production of type II cytokines in AR mice. Conclusions Our findings suggest that miR-375-mediated regulation of ILC2 cells through TSLP, providing new potential treatment target for AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingxiang Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengbao Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renzhong Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Weidner J, Ekerljung L, Malmhäll C, Miron N, Rådinger M. Circulating microRNAs correlate to clinical parameters in individuals with allergic and non-allergic asthma. Respir Res 2020; 21:107. [PMID: 32381094 PMCID: PMC7203878 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01351-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic airway disease affecting millions of people. Better methods to define asthma subgroups using clinical parameters and molecular biomarkers are crucial in the development of personalized medicine. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine if circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may be used to distinguish well-defined asthma groups. METHODS Blood serum from 116 well-defined subjects, including healthy controls and individuals with allergic or non-allergic asthma, from the West Sweden Asthma Study were included. Serum was analyzed for circulating miRNA expression of miR-126, - 145, -146a, - 155, - 223, and -374a and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). Correlations between clinical characteristics and circulating miRNA expression as well as potential miRNA gene targets were investigated. RESULTS A subset of miRNAs were differentially expressed between allergic and non-allergic asthmatic individuals. Alterations in expression of miR-155, -146a, -374a and - 145 were observed in allergic asthmatics in response to inhaled corticosteroid usage. Additionally, miR-223 and miR-374a expression varied in non-allergic asthmatics based on blood eosinophil numbers. Numerous clinical parameters, including lung function measurements, correlated with subsets of miRNAs. Finally, pathway analysis revealed a potential role for inhaled corticosteroid induced miRNAs in leukocyte regulation, IL-6 signaling and glucocorticoid response. CONCLUSION Circulating miRNA expression was altered in subjects with allergic and non-allergic asthma and correlated to clinical parameters including lung function and potential gene targets involved in immune processes. This combination of clinical and molecular data may be a basis for the further, more precise classification of asthma subgroups. Taken together, these findings would further asthma research and benefit future patients through the discovery of molecular mechanisms as well as identifying asthma subgroups contributing to the development of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Weidner
- Krefting Research Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linda Ekerljung
- Krefting Research Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carina Malmhäll
- Krefting Research Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nicolae Miron
- Clinical Immunology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Madeleine Rådinger
- Krefting Research Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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24
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Min H, Ma D, Zou W, Wu Y, Ding Y, Zhu C, Lin A, Song S, Liang Q, Chen B, Zhang B, Wan Y, Ye M, Pan Y, Wen Y, Yi L, Gao Q. FLCN-regulated miRNAs suppressed reparative response in cells and pulmonary lesions of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome. Thorax 2020; 75:476-485. [PMID: 32184379 PMCID: PMC7279199 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome (BHDS) characterised by skin fibrofolliculomas, kidney tumour and pulmonary cysts/pneumothorax is caused by folliculin (FLCN) germline mutations. The pathology of both neoplasia and focused tissue loss of BHDS strongly features tissue-specific behaviour of the gene. Isolated cysts/pneumothorax is the most frequent atypical presentation of BHDS and often misdiagnosed as primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP). Deferential diagnosis of BHDS with isolated pulmonary presentation (PSP-BHD) from PSP is essential in lifelong surveillance for developing renal cell carcinoma. Methods The expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cystic lesions of PSP-BHD and PSP were determined via microarray. The selected upregulated miRNAs were further confirmed in the plasma of an expanded cohort of PSP-BHD patients by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Their diagnostic accuracy was evaluated. Moreover, the cellular functions and targeted signalling pathways of FLCN-regulated miRNAs were assessed in various cell lines and in the lesion tissue contexts. Results Cystic lesions of PSP-BHD and PSP showed different miRNAs profiles with a significant upregulation of miR-424–5p and let-7d-5p in PSP-BHD. The combination of the two effectively predicted BHDS patients. In vitro studies revealed a suppressive effect of FLCN on miR-424–5p and let-7d-5p expressions specifically in lung epithelial cells. The ectopic miRNAs triggered epithelial apoptosis and epithelial transition of mesenchymal cells and suppressed the reparative responses in cells and tissues with FLCN deficiency. Conclusion The upregulation of miR-424–5p and let-7d-5p by FLCN deficiency occurred in epithelial cells and marked the PSP-BHD condition, which contributed to a focused degenerative pathology in the lung of PSP-BHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Min
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dehua Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongzheng Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yibing Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengchu Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyu Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiao Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baofu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueming Wan
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minhua Ye
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanqing Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing Chest Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanting Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Long Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China .,Center for Translational Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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25
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Correlation between miR-223 and IL-35 and their regulatory effect in children with allergic rhinitis. Clin Immunol 2020; 214:108383. [PMID: 32169441 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between microRNA (miR) and immune activity in allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unclear. 37 children with AR and 30 healthy children were enrolled to study the correlation of miR-223 and IL-35. There was a significant inverse correlation between plasma levels of IL-35 and serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels and eosinophils counts, while there was a positive correlation between serum miR-223 level and ECP levels and eosinophils counts. Besides, the serum levels of IL-35 or miR-223 were found to be negatively or positively correlated with TNSS respectively. The serum level of miR-223 was increased, while IL-35 level was decreased. Moreover, the expression of miRNA-223 was inversely correlated with expression of IL-35. Finally, the levels of miR-223 and IL-35 were related to Th1/Th2 cytokines, eosinophils count as well as the clinical severity. Our study suggests the potential of miR-223 and IL-35 as a molecular target for the treatment of AR.
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26
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ncRNAs in Type-2 Immunity. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:ncrna6010010. [PMID: 32155783 PMCID: PMC7151598 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunological diseases, including asthma, autoimmunity and immunodeficiencies, affect a growing percentage of the population with significant unmet medical needs. As we slowly untangle and better appreciate these complex genetic and environment-influenced diseases, new therapeutically targetable pathways are emerging. Non-coding RNA species, which regulate epigenetic, transcriptional and translational responses are critical regulators of immune cell development, differentiation and effector function, and may represent one such new class of therapeutic targets. In this review we focus on type-2 immune responses, orchestrated by TH2 cell-derived cytokines, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, which stimulate a variety of immune and tissue responses- commonly referred to as type-2 immunity. Evolved to protect us from parasitic helminths, type-2 immune responses are observed in individuals with allergic diseases, including Asthma, atopic dermatitis and food allergy. A growing number of studies have identified the involvement of various RNA species, including microRNAs (miRNA) and long non-coding (lncRNA), in type-2 immune responses and in both clinical and pre-clinical disease settings. We highlight these recent findings, identify gaps in our understanding and provide a perspective on how our current understanding can be harnessed for novel treat opportunities to treat type-2 immune-mediated diseases.
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27
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Baskara-Yhuellou I, Tost J. The impact of microRNAs on alterations of gene regulatory networks in allergic diseases. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2020; 120:237-312. [PMID: 32085883 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases including asthma are worldwide on the rise and contribute significantly to health expenditures. Allergic diseases are prototypic diseases with a strong gene by environment interaction component and epigenetic mechanisms might mediate the effects of the environment on the disease phenotype. MicroRNAs, small non-coding RNAs (miRNAs), regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Functional single-stranded miRNAs are generated in multiple steps of enzymatic processing from their precursors and mature miRNAs are included into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). They imperfectly base-pair with the 3'UTR region of targeted genes leading to translational repression or mRNA decay. The cellular context and microenvironment as well the isoform of the mRNA control the dynamics and complexity of the regulatory circuits induced by miRNAs that regulate cell fate decisions and function. MiR-21, miR-146a/b and miR-155 are among the best understood miRNAs of the immune system and implicated in different diseases including allergic diseases. MiRNAs are implicated in the induction of the allergy reinforcing the Th2 phenotype (miR-19a, miR-24, miR-27), while other miRNAs promote regulatory T cells associated with allergen tolerance or unresponsiveness. In the current chapter we describe in detail the biogenesis and regulatory function of miRNAs and summarize current knowledge on miRNAs in allergic diseases and allergy relevant cell fate decisions focusing mainly on immune cells. Furthermore, we evoke the principles of regulatory loops and feedback mechanisms involving miRNAs on examples with relevance for allergic diseases. Finally, we show the potential of miRNAs and exosomes containing miRNAs present in several biological fluids that can be exploited with non-invasive procedures for diagnostic and potentially therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indoumady Baskara-Yhuellou
- Laboratory for Epigenetics & Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA-Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France
| | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics & Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA-Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France
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28
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Kabesch M, Tost J. Recent findings in the genetics and epigenetics of asthma and allergy. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:43-60. [PMID: 32060620 PMCID: PMC7066293 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In asthma and allergy genetics, a trend towards a few main topics developed over the last 2 years. First, a number of studies have been published recently which focus on overlapping and/or very specific phenotypes: within the allergy spectrum but also reaching beyond, looking for common genetic traits shared between different diseases or disease entities. Secondly, an urgently needed focus has been put on asthma and allergy genetics in populations genetically different from European ancestry. This acknowledges that the majority of new asthma patients today are not white and asthma is a truly worldwide disease. In epigenetics, recent years have seen several large-scale epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) being published and a further focus was on the interaction between the environment and epigenetic signatures. And finally, the major trends in current asthma and allergy genetics and epigenetics comes from the field of pharmacogenetics, where it is necessary to understand the susceptibility for and mechanisms of current asthma and allergy therapies while at the same time, we need to have scientific answers to the recent availability of novel drugs that hold the promise for a more individualized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kabesch
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergy, St. Hedwig's Hospital of the order of St. John, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), Steinmetzstr. 1-3, 93049, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA - Institut de Biologie François Jacob, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000, Evry, France
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29
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Vanoni S, Zeng C, Marella S, Uddin J, Wu D, Arora K, Ptaschinski C, Que J, Noah T, Waggoner L, Barski A, Kartashov A, Rochman M, Wen T, Martin L, Spence J, Collins M, Mukkada V, Putnam P, Naren A, Chehade M, Rothenberg ME, Hogan SP. Identification of anoctamin 1 (ANO1) as a key driver of esophageal epithelial proliferation in eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:239-254.e2. [PMID: 31647967 PMCID: PMC7366251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathology of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is characterized by eosinophil-rich inflammation, basal zone hyperplasia (BZH), and dilated intercellular spaces, and the underlying processes that drive the pathologic manifestations of the disease remain largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the involvement of the calcium-activated chloride channel anoctamin 1 (ANO1) in esophageal proliferation and the histopathologic features of EoE. METHODS We examined mRNA and protein expression of ANO1 in esophageal biopsy samples from patients with EoE and in mice with EoE. We performed molecular and cellular analyses and ion transport assays on an in vitro esophageal epithelial 3-dimensional model system (EPC2-ALI) and murine models of EoE to define the relationship between expression and function of ANO1 and esophageal epithelial proliferation in patients with EoE. RESULTS We observed increased ANO1 expression in esophageal biopsy samples from patients with EoE and in mice with EoE. ANO1 was expressed within the esophageal basal zone, and expression correlated positively with disease severity (eosinophils/high-power field) and BZH. Using an in vitro esophageal epithelial 3-dimensional model system revealed that ANO1 undergoes chromatin modification and rapid upregulation of expression after IL-13 stimulation, that ANO1 is the primary apical IL-13-induced Cl- transport mechanism within the esophageal epithelium, and that loss of ANO1-dependent Cl- transport abrogated esophageal epithelial proliferation. Mechanistically, ANO1-dependent regulation of basal cell proliferation was associated with modulation of TP63 expression and phosphorylated cyclin-dependent kinase 2 levels. CONCLUSIONS These data identify a functional role for ANO1 in esophageal cell proliferation and BZH in patients with EoE and provide a rationale for pharmacologic intervention of ANO1 function in patients with EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Vanoni
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; PharmGenetix Gmbh, Niederalm-Anif, Austria
| | - Chang Zeng
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sahiti Marella
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center and Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Jazib Uddin
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center and Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - David Wu
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kavisha Arora
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Jianwen Que
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Taeko Noah
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center and Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Lisa Waggoner
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Artem Barski
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Andrey Kartashov
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mark Rochman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Ting Wen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lisa Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jason Spence
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Internal Medicine and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Margaret Collins
- Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Vincent Mukkada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Hepatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Phillip Putnam
- Division of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Hepatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Anjaparavanda Naren
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mirna Chehade
- Mount Sinai Center for Eosinophilic Disorders, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center and Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Mich.
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Tost J. A translational perspective on epigenetics in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 142:715-726. [PMID: 30195377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of epigenetic modifications in allergic diseases has recently attracted substantial interest because epigenetic modifications can mediate the effects of the environment on the development of or protection from allergic diseases. Furthermore, recent research has provided evidence for an altered epigenomic landscape in disease-relevant cell populations. Although still in the early phase, epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation and microRNAs, might have potential for assisting in the stratification of patients for treatment and complement or replace in the future biochemical or clinical tests. The first epigenetic biomarkers correlating with the successful outcome of immunotherapy have been reported, and with personalized treatment options being rolled out, epigenetic modifications might well play a role in monitoring or even predicting the response to tailored therapy. However, further studies in larger cohorts with well-defined phenotypes in specific cell populations need to be performed before their implementation. Furthermore, the epigenome provides an interesting target for therapeutic intervention, with microRNA mimics, inhibitors, and antisense oligonucleotides being evaluated in clinical trials in patients with other diseases. Selection or engineering of populations of extracellular vesicles and epigenetic editing represent novel tools for modulation of the cellular phenotype and responses, although further technological improvements are required. Moreover, interactions between the host epigenome and the microbiome are increasingly recognized, and interventions of the microbiome could contribute to modulation of the epigenome with a potential effect on the overall goal of prevention of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, CEA-Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France.
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31
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Atherton LJ, Jorquera PA, Bakre AA, Tripp RA. Determining Immune and miRNA Biomarkers Related to Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccine Types. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2323. [PMID: 31649663 PMCID: PMC6794384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) causes serious respiratory tract illness and substantial morbidity and some mortality in populations at the extremes of age, i.e., infants, young children, and the elderly. To date, RSV vaccine development has been unsuccessful, a feature linked to the lack of biomarkers available to assess the safety and efficacy of RSV vaccine candidates. We examined microRNAs (miR) as potential biomarkers for different types of RSV vaccine candidates. In this study, mice were vaccinated with a live attenuated RSV candidate that lacks the small hydrophobic (SH) and attachment (G) proteins (CP52), an RSV G protein microparticle (GA2-MP) vaccine, a formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) vaccine or were mock-treated. Several immunological endpoints and miR expression profiles were determined in mouse serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) following vaccine priming, boost, and RSV challenge. We identified miRs that were linked with immunological parameters of disease and protection. We show that miRs are potential biomarkers providing valuable insights for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia J Atherton
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Patricia A Jorquera
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Abhijeet A Bakre
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ralph A Tripp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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Russo P, Lococo F, Kisialiou A, Prinzi G, Lamonaca P, Cardaci V, Tomino C, Fini M. Pharmacological Management of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD). Focus on Mutations - Part 1. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1721-1733. [PMID: 29852859 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180601100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report a comprehensive overview of current Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD) therapies and discuss the development of possible new pharmacological approaches based on "new" knowledge. Specifically, sensitivity/resistance to corticosteroids is evaluated with a special focus on the role of gene mutations in drug response. OBJECTIVE Critically review the opportunities and the challenges occurring in the treatment of COPD. CONCLUSION Findings from "omics" trials should be used to learn more about biological targeted drugs, and to select more specific drugs matching patient's distinctive molecular profile. Specific markers of inflammation such as the percentage of eosinophils are important in determining sensitivity/resistance to corticosteroids. Specific gene variations (Single nucleotide polymorphisms: SNPs) may influence drug sensitivity or resistance. Clinicians working in a real-world need to have a suitable interpretation of molecular results together with a guideline for the treatment and recommendations. Far more translational research is required before new results from omics techniques can be applied in personalized medicine in realworld settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Russo
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Via di Valcannuta, 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Lococo
- Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Aliaksei Kisialiou
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Via di Valcannuta, 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Prinzi
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Via di Valcannuta, 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Palma Lamonaca
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Via di Valcannuta, 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Cardaci
- Unit of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Via di Valcannuta, 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Tomino
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Via di Valcannuta, 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Fini
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana Via di Valcannuta, 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
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Wheeler JC, Vanoni S, Zeng C, Waggoner L, Yang Y, Wu D, Uddin J, Karns R, Kottyan L, Mukkada V, Rothenberg ME, Hogan SP. 17β-Estradiol protects the esophageal epithelium from IL-13-induced barrier dysfunction and remodeling. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 143:2131-2146. [PMID: 30578870 PMCID: PMC6556402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is greater in male than female subjects, and the underlying molecular basis for this sex bias remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to delineate the contribution of the sex hormone estrogen to the EoE phenotype and esophageal epithelial barrier function and remodeling. METHODS We performed demographic and incidence analyses of EoE in male and female subjects from a single-center pediatric cohort. Estrogen-responsive gene expression analyses and estrogen receptor (ESR) immunofluorescence staining of esophageal biopsy specimens from patients with EoE and control subjects were performed. The effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) on IL-13-induced signaling pathways, gene expression, and esophageal epithelial architecture and barrier function in a primary human esophageal keratinocyte cell (EPC2) culture system (EPC2-air-liquid interface) was examined. RESULTS We observed a male predominance in patients with EoE. Analyses of RNA sequencing data sets revealed a significant dysregulation of the estrogen-responsive gene network and expression of ESR1 and ESR2 in esophageal biopsy specimens from patients with EoE compared with control subjects. IL-13 stimulation of EPC2-air-liquid interface cells led to altered cellular architecture with induced dilation of intercellular spaces and barrier dysfunction. Pretreatment of EPC2s with E2 prior to IL-13 exposure abrogated IL-13-induced architectural changes and esophageal barrier dysfunction. Mechanistically, E2-protective effects were dependent on ESR2 and associated with diminishing of IL-13-induced tyrosine kinase 2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 phosphorylation and EoE-dysregulated gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Estrogen-responsive genes are modified in patients with EoE compared with control subjects. E2 attenuated IL-13-induced architectural changes and esophageal epithelial barrier dysfunction through inhibition of the IL-13/tyrosine kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 pathway via ESR2-dependent process. Estrogen hormone signaling may protect against development of EoE in female subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Wheeler
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Simone Vanoni
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Chang Zeng
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lisa Waggoner
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yanfen Yang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - David Wu
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jazib Uddin
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Rebekah Karns
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Leah Kottyan
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Vincent Mukkada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
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Specjalski K, Maciejewska A, Pawłowski R, Zieliński M, Trzonkowski P, Pikuła M, Jassem E. Changing microRNA Expression during Three-Month Wasp Venom Immunotherapy. Immunol Invest 2019; 48:835-843. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2019.1617303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnieszka Maciejewska
- Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ryszard Pawłowski
- Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Zieliński
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michał Pikuła
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Jassem
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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35
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Vinit C, Dieme A, Courbage S, Dehaine C, Dufeu C, Jacquemot S, Lajus M, Montigny L, Payen E, Yang D, Dupont C. Eosinophilic esophagitis: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Arch Pediatr 2019; 26:182-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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microRNA diagnostic panel for Alzheimer's disease and epigenetic trade-off between neurodegeneration and cancer. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 49:125-143. [PMID: 30391753 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied as potential biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Their profiles have been analyzed in blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain tissue. However, due to the high variability between the reported data, stemming from the lack of methodological standardization and the heterogeneity of AD, the most promising miRNA biomarker candidates have not been selected. Our literature review shows that out of 137 miRNAs found to be altered in AD blood, 36 have been replicated in at least one independent study, and out of 166 miRNAs reported as differential in AD CSF, 13 have been repeatedly found. Only 3 miRNAs have been consistently reported as altered in three analyzed specimens: blood, CSF and the brain (hsa-miR-146a, hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-135a). Nonetheless, all 36 repeatedly differential miRNAs in AD blood are promising as components of the diagnostic panel. Given their predicted functions, such miRNA panel may report multiple pathways contributing to AD pathology, enabling the design of personalized therapies. In addition, the analysis revealed that the miRNAs dysregulated in AD overlap highly with miRNAs implicated in cancer. However, the directions of the miRNA changes are usually opposite in cancer and AD, indicative of an epigenetic trade-off between the two diseases.
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Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the esophagus associated with an atopic predisposition which appears to be increasing in prevalence over the last few decades. Symptoms stem from fibrosis, swelling, and smooth muscle dysfunction. In the past two decades, the etiology of EoE has been and is continuing to be revealed. This review provides an overview of the effects of genetics, environment, and immune function including discussions that touch on microbiome, the role of diet, food allergy, and aeroallergy. The review further concentrates on the pathophysiology of the disease with particular focus on the important concepts of the molecular etiology of EoE including barrier dysfunction and allergic hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P Davis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA.
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38
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Fekonja S, Korošec P, Rijavec M, Jeseničnik T, Kunej T. Asthma MicroRNA Regulome Development Using Validated miRNA-Target Interaction Visualization. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2018; 22:607-615. [PMID: 30124362 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2018.0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a common multifactorial complex disease caused by an interaction of genetic and environmental factors. There are no robust biomarkers or molecular diagnostics for asthma or its detailed phenotypic stratification in the clinic. Regulatory and epigenomic factors are priority candidates for asthma biomarker discovery and translational research because this common disease emerges in association with host/environment interactions. In this context, epigenomic molecular events such as microRNA (miRNA) silencing affect asthma susceptibility and severity. We report here an analysis of the miRNAs in the literature, their targets associated with asthma, and present the findings organized as an miRNA-target network, an miRNA regulome of asthma. The miRNA-target interactions in asthma were extracted from the PubMed and the Web of Science databases, while the miRNA-target network was visualized with the Cytoscape tool. Genomic locations of miRNA and target genes were displayed using the Ensembl Whole Genome tool. We cataloged miRNAs associated with asthma and their experimentally validated targets, retrieving 48 miRNAs associated with asthma, and 54 experimentally validated miRNA targets. Four central molecules involved in 34.5% of all interactions were identified in the network. The miRNA-target pairs were constructed as an asthma-associated miRNA-target regulatory network. The network revealed subnetworks pointing toward potential asthma biomarker candidates. The asthma miRNA regulome reported here offers a strong foundation for future translational research and systems medicine applications for asthma diagnostic and therapeutic innovation. Developed protocol for constructing miRNA regulome could now be used for biomarker development in multifactorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Fekonja
- 1 Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana , Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Peter Korošec
- 2 Laboratory for Clinical Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnick, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Matija Rijavec
- 2 Laboratory for Clinical Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnick, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Taja Jeseničnik
- 3 Agronomy Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana , Jamnikarjeva, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Kunej
- 1 Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana , Domžale, Slovenia
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Johansson K, Weidner J, Rådinger M. MicroRNAs in type 2 immunity. Cancer Lett 2018; 425:116-124. [PMID: 29604393 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 immunity drives the pathology of allergic diseases and is necessary for expulsion of parasitic worms as well as having important implications in tumor progression. Over the last decade, a new research field has emerged describing a significant link between type 2 immunity and cancer development, called AllergoOncology. Thus, type 2 immune responses must be carefully regulated to mediate effective protection against damaging environmental factors, yet avoid excessive activation and immunopathology. Regulation of gene expression by microRNAs is required for normal behavior of most mammalian cells and has been studied extensively in the context of cancer. Although microRNA regulation of the immune system in cancer is well established and includes type 2 immune reactions in the tumor microenvironment, the involvement of microRNAs in these responses initiated by allergens, parasites or other environmental factors is just emerging. In this review, we focus on recent advances which increase the understanding of microRNA-mediated regulation of key mechanisms of type 2 immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Johansson
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julie Weidner
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Madeleine Rådinger
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Croston TL, Lemons AR, Beezhold DH, Green BJ. MicroRNA Regulation of Host Immune Responses following Fungal Exposure. Front Immunol 2018; 9:170. [PMID: 29467760 PMCID: PMC5808297 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal bioaerosols are ubiquitous in the environment and human exposure can result in a variety of health effects ranging from systemic, subcutaneous, and cutaneous infections to respiratory morbidity including allergy, asthma, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Recent research has focused on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) following fungal exposure and is overlooked, yet important, group of regulators capable of influencing fungal immune responses through a variety of cellular mechanisms. These small non-coding ribose nucleic acids function to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and have been shown to participate in multiple disease pathways including cancer, heart disease, apoptosis, as well as immune responses to microbial hazards and occupational allergens. Recent animal model studies have characterized miRNAs following the exposure to inflammatory stimuli. Studies focused on microbial exposure, including bacterial infections, as well as exposure to different allergens have shown miRNAs, such as miR-21, miR-146, miR-132, miR-155, and the let-7 family members, to be involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Interestingly, the few studies have assessed that the miRNA profiles following fungal exposure have identified the same critical miRNAs that have been characterized in other inflammatory-mediated and allergy-induced experimental models. Review of available in vitro, animal and human studies of exposures to Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and Stachybotrys chartarum identified several miRNAs that were shared between responses to these species including miR-125 a/b (macrophage polarization/activation), miR-132 [toll-like receptor (TLR)2-mediated signaling], miR-146a (TLR mediated signaling, alternative macrophage activation), and miR-29a/b (natural killer cell function, C-leptin signaling, inhibition of Th1 immune response). Although these datasets provide preliminary insight into the role of miRNAs in fungal exposed models, interpretation of miRNA datasets can be challenging for researchers. To assist in navigating this rapidly evolving field, the aim of this review is to describe miRNAs in the framework of host recognition mechanisms and provide initial insight into the regulatory pathways in response to fungal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Croston
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Angela R Lemons
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Donald H Beezhold
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Brett J Green
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, United States
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41
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D'Argenio V, Del Monaco V, Paparo L, De Palma FDE, Nocerino R, D'Alessio F, Visconte F, Discepolo V, Del Vecchio L, Salvatore F, Berni Canani R. Altered miR-193a-5p expression in children with cow's milk allergy. Allergy 2018; 73:379-386. [PMID: 28857182 DOI: 10.1111/all.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most common food allergies in children. Epigenetic mechanisms have been suggested to play a role in CMA pathogenesis. We have shown that DNA methylation of Th1/Th2 cytokine genes and FoxP3 affects CMA disease course. Preliminary evidence suggests that also the miRNome could be implicated in the pathogenesis of allergy. Main study outcome was to comparatively evaluate miRNome in children with CMA and in healthy controls. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained from children aged 4-18 months: 10 CMA patients, 9 CMA patients who outgrew CMA, and 11 healthy controls. Small RNA libraries were sequenced using a next-generation sequencing-based approach. Functional assessment of IL-4 expression was also performed. RESULTS Among the miRNAs differently expressed, 2 were upregulated and 14 were downregulated in children with active CMA compared to healthy controls. miR-193a-5p resulted the most downregulated miRNA in children with active CMA compared to healthy controls. The predicted targets of miR-193a-5p resulted upregulated in CMA patients compared to healthy controls. Peripheral blood CD4+ T cells transfected with a miR193a-5 inhibitor showed a significant upregulation of IL-4 mRNA and its protein expression. Children who outgrew CMA showed miRNA-193a-5p level, and its related targets expression, similar to that observed in healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that miR-193a-5p is a post-transcriptional regulator of IL-4 expression and could have a role in IgE-mediated CMA. This miRNA could be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for this common form of food allergy in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. D'Argenio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l.; Naples Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - V. Del Monaco
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l.; Naples Italy
| | - L. Paparo
- Department of Translational Medical Science; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | | | - R. Nocerino
- Department of Translational Medical Science; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - F. D'Alessio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l.; Naples Italy
| | - F. Visconte
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l.; Naples Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - V. Discepolo
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l.; Naples Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Science; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - L. Del Vecchio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l.; Naples Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - F. Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l.; Naples Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
- IRCCS-Fondazione SDN; Naples Italy
| | - R. Berni Canani
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l.; Naples Italy
- Department of Translational Medical Science; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
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miR-675-5p enhances tumorigenesis and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting REPS2. Oncotarget 2017; 7:30730-47. [PMID: 27120794 PMCID: PMC5058713 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently H19 has been demonstrated to be up-regulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and shown to be the precursor of miR-675 that encodes miR-675-5p conservatively. miR-675 is overexpressed in many human cancers; however, the function of miR-675-5p is largely unknown in ESCC. In this study, we found that miR-675-5p expression was significantly increased in ESCC tissues and cell lines and related with ESCC progression and poor prognosis. We also showed here that down-regulation of miR-675-5p in ESCC cells dramatically induced cell G1 arrest and reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in vitro as well as tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis in vivo. We subsequently identified that REPS2 was a target gene of miR-675-5p. We found that inhibition of miR-675-5p up-regulated the expression of REPS2, inhibited RalBP1/RAC1/CDC42 signaling pathway. Inversely, interference of REPS2 abrogated the effect induced by miR-675-5p inhibition, which resembled the function of miR-675-5p up-regulation. Taken together, our findings suggested that miR-675-5p might play an oncogenic role in ESCC through RalBP1/RAC1/CDC42 signaling pathway by inhibiting REPS2 and might serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC patients.
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Khoury P, Makiya M, Klion AD. Clinical and Biological Markers in Hypereosinophilic Syndromes. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:240. [PMID: 29312946 PMCID: PMC5743906 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are rare, heterogeneous syndromes characterized by markedly elevated eosinophil counts in the blood and/or tissue and evidence of eosinophil-associated pathology. Although parasitic infections, drug hypersensitivity, and other disorders of defined etiology can present as HES (associated HES), treatment is directed at the underlying cause rather than the eosinophilia itself. A number of additional subtypes of HES have been described, based on clinical and laboratory features. These include (1) myeloid HES—a primary disorder of the myeloid lineage, (2) lymphocytic variant HES—eosinophilia driven by aberrant or clonal lymphocytes secreting eosinophil-promoting cytokines, (3) overlap HES—eosinophilia restricted to a single organ or organ system, (4) familial eosinophilia—a rare inherited form of HES, and (5) idiopathic HES. Since clinical manifestations, response to therapy, and prognosis all differ between HES subtypes, this review will focus on clinical and biological markers that serve as markers of disease activity in HES (excluding associated HES), including those that are likely to be useful only in specific clinical subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paneez Khoury
- Human Eosinophil Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michelle Makiya
- Human Eosinophil Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Amy D Klion
- Human Eosinophil Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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44
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Sun YX, Zhang JF, Xu J, Xu LL, Wu TY, Wang B, Pan XH, Li G. MicroRNA-144-3p inhibits bone formation in distraction osteogenesis through targeting Connexin 43. Oncotarget 2017; 8:89913-89922. [PMID: 29163798 PMCID: PMC5685719 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Distraction osteogenesis (DO), one of effective therapies for bone regeneration, has been received more attention in recent years. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in regulating osteogenesis and bone formation. We therefore provided the hypothesis that miRNAs could involve in the DO-mediated bone regeneration. After successfully established the DO model of rats, a miRNA microarray was performed to find the differently expressed miRNAs in DO and control groups in this study. As one of the most downregulated miRNAs, miR-144-3p was found to be decreased during osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells of rats (rBMSCs) and DO model. And miR-144-3p overexpression suppressed the osteogenesis while its inhibitor promoted osteogenesis. Furthermore, Connexin-43, an essential regulator for osteogenesis, was validated to be a novel target for miR-144-3p. Finally, miR-144-3p inhibitor modified MSCs promoted mineralization of distracted bone in rat DO model. In conclusion, miR-144-3p was found to regulate osteogenesis and inhibition of miR-144-3p resulted in acceleration of mineralization of DO, which not only give clues to understanding the mechanism of DO but also provide a potential therapeutic target in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bao-An District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.,The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jin-Fang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.,The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Liang-Liang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Tian-Yi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hua Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bao-An District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bao-An District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, PR China.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.,The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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45
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Schultheiss CS, Laggai S, Czepukojc B, Hussein UK, List M, Barghash A, Tierling S, Hosseini K, Golob-Schwarzl N, Pokorny J, Hachenthal N, Schulz M, Helms V, Walter J, Zimmer V, Lammert F, Bohle RM, Dandolo L, Haybaeck J, Kiemer AK, Kessler SM. The long non-coding RNA H19 suppresses carcinogenesis and chemoresistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Stress 2017; 1:37-54. [PMID: 31225433 PMCID: PMC6551655 DOI: 10.15698/cst2017.10.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 represents a maternally expressed and epigenetically regulated imprinted gene product and is discussed to have either tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive actions. Recently, H19 was shown to be regulated under inflammatory conditions. Therefore, aim of this study was to determine the function of H19 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), an inflammation-associated type of tumor. In four different human HCC patient cohorts H19 was distinctly downregulated in tumor tissue compared to normal or non-tumorous adjacent tissue. We therefore determined the action of H19 in three different human hepatoma cell lines (HepG2, Plc/Prf5, and Huh7). Clonogenicity and proliferation assays showed that H19 overexpression could suppress tumor cell survival and proliferation after treatment with either sorafenib or doxorubicin, suggesting chemosensitizing actions of H19. Since HCC displays a highly chemoresistant tumor entity, cell lines resistant to doxorubicin or sorafenib were established. In all six chemoresistant cell lines H19 expression was significantly downregulated. The promoter methylation of the H19 gene was significantly different in chemoresistant cell lines compared to their sensitive counterparts. Chemoresistant cells were sensitized after H19 overexpression by either increasing the cytotoxic action of doxorubicin or decreasing cell proliferation upon sorafenib treatment. An H19 knockout mouse model (H19Δ3) showed increased tumor development and tumor cell proliferation after treatment with the carcinogen diethylnitrosamine (DEN) independent of the reciprocally imprinted insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2). In conclusion, H19 suppresses hepatocarcinogenesis, hepatoma cell growth, and HCC chemoresistance. Thus, mimicking H19 action might be a potential target to overcome chemoresistance in future HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephan Laggai
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Beate Czepukojc
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Usama K Hussein
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Bani Suwaif, Egypt
| | - Markus List
- Department for Computational Biology and Applied Algorithmics, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ahmad Barghash
- School of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sascha Tierling
- Department of Genetics and Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Kevan Hosseini
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Juliane Pokorny
- Institute of Pathology, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, Homburg (Saar), Germany
| | - Nina Hachenthal
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marcel Schulz
- Department for Computational Biology and Applied Algorithmics, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence in Multimodal Computing and Interaction, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Volkhard Helms
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics and Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Vincent Zimmer
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg (Saar), Germany
| | - Frank Lammert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Homburg (Saar), Germany
| | - Rainer M Bohle
- Institute of Pathology, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, Homburg (Saar), Germany
| | - Luisa Dandolo
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sonja M Kessler
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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46
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Bunning BJ, DeKruyff RH, Nadeau KC. Epigenetic Changes During Food-Specific Immunotherapy. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2017; 16:87. [PMID: 27943047 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-016-0665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The prevalence and severity of IgE-mediated food allergy has increased dramatically over the last 15 years and is becoming a global health problem. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that epigenetic modifications of the genome resulting from gene-environment interactions have a key role in the increased prevalence of atopic disease. In this review, we describe the recent evidence suggesting how epigenetic changes mediate susceptibility to food allergies, and discuss how immunotherapy (IT) may reverse these effects. We discuss the areas of the epigenome as yet unexplored in terms of food allergy and IT such as histone modification and chromatin accessibility, and new techniques that may be utilized in future studies. RECENT FINDINGS Recent findings provide strong evidence that DNA methylation of certain promoter regions such as Forkhead box protein 3 is associated with clinical reactivity, and further, can be changed during IT treatment. Reports on other epigenetic changes are limited but also show evidence of significant change based on both disease status and treatment. In comparison to epigenetic studies focusing on asthma and allergic rhinitis, food allergy remains understudied. However, within the next decade, it is likely that epigenetic modifications may be used as biomarkers to aid in diagnosis and treatment of food-allergic patients. DNA methylation at specific loci has shown associations between food challenge outcomes, successful desensitization treatment, and overall phenotype compared to healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J Bunning
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rosemarie H DeKruyff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, CCSR 3215, MC 5366, Stanford, CA, 94305-5101, USA.
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47
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that are increasingly being recognized as important epigenetic regulators. They have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, connective tissue diseases, and neuromuscular disorders. RECENT FINDINGS A few miRNAs have already been recognized as a core set of miRNAs important in allergic inflammation. These include let-7, miR-21, miR-142, and miR-146. This review aims to bring together some of the recent findings on how miRNAs regulate allergic inflammation with special focus on asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and eosinophilic esophagitis. We will also touch upon extracellular miRNAs and future perspective of this field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eishika Dissanayake
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuzaburo Inoue
- Department of General Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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48
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Wen T, Rothenberg ME. Clinical Applications of the Eosinophilic Esophagitis Diagnostic Panel. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:108. [PMID: 28770203 PMCID: PMC5509802 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a recently recognized upper gastrointestinal allergic disorder characterized by esophageal dysfunction (e.g., dysphagia) and esophageal eosinophilia of ≥15 eosinophils/high-power field in patients who have persistent esophagitis even on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. The histologic method is the gold standard of EoE diagnosis. However, EoE clinical symptoms do not always correlate with histology, and the histologic method has sensitivity and specificity issues due to the patchiness of EoE and the subjective nature of the method. The “EoE transcriptome” was initially discovered in 2006, which led to the invention of the EoE diagnostic panel (EDP). In addition to providing a definitive EoE diagnosis with high accuracy, the EDP has been useful in elucidating several key elements about the disease including the efficacy of specific drugs such as swallowed glucocorticoids and anti-IL-13 humanized antibody therapy, the relationship between EoE and PPI-responsive esophageal eosinophilia, and predicting the disease course and responsiveness to therapy. The EDP’s long-term potential arises from its plasticity to incorporate new genes and uncover novel disease pathogenesis. We expect that the EDP will be increasingly helpful for personalized medicine approaches and improved diagnostics and disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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49
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Skevaki C, Van den Berg J, Jones N, Garssen J, Vuillermin P, Levin M, Landay A, Renz H, Calder PC, Thornton CA. Immune biomarkers in the spectrum of childhood noncommunicable diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 137:1302-16. [PMID: 27155027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A biomarker is an accurately and reproducibly quantifiable biological characteristic that provides an objective measure of health status or disease. Benefits of biomarkers include identification of therapeutic targets, monitoring of clinical interventions, and development of personalized (or precision) medicine. Challenges to the use of biomarkers include optimizing sample collection, processing and storage, validation, and often the need for sophisticated laboratory and bioinformatics approaches. Biomarkers offer better understanding of disease processes and should benefit the early detection, treatment, and management of multiple noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). This review will consider the utility of biomarkers in patients with allergic and other immune-mediated diseases in childhood. Typically, biomarkers are used currently to provide mechanistic insight or an objective measure of disease severity, with their future role in risk stratification/disease prediction speculative at best. There are many lessons to be learned from the biomarker strategies used for cancer in which biomarkers are in routine clinical use and industry-wide standardized approaches have been developed. Biomarker discovery and validation in children with disease lag behind those in adults; given the early onset and therefore potential lifelong effect of many NCDs, there should be more studies incorporating cohorts of children. Many pediatric biomarkers are at the discovery stage, with a long path to evaluation and clinical implementation. The ultimate challenge will be optimization of prevention strategies that can be implemented in children identified as being at risk of an NCD through the use of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysanthi Skevaki
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH Baldingerstr, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jolice Van den Berg
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Department of Immunology/Microbiology Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Nicholas Jones
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales
| | - Johan Garssen
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Beta Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Vuillermin
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Levin
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Division of Asthma and Allergy, University of Cape Town, and the Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alan Landay
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Department of Immunology/Microbiology Rush University Medical Center Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Harald Renz
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Philipps University Marburg, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH Baldingerstr, Marburg, Germany
| | - Philip C Calder
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine A Thornton
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network of the World Universities Network; Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales.
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50
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Specific MicroRNA Pattern in Colon Tissue of Young Children with Eosinophilic Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051050. [PMID: 28498330 PMCID: PMC5454962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is a common cause of haematochezia in infants and young children. The exact pathomechanism is not understood, and the diagnosis is challenging. The role of microRNAs as key class of regulators of mRNA expression and translation in patients with EC has not been explored. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the miRNA profile in EC with respect to eosinophilic inflammation. Patients enrolled in the study (n = 10) had persistent rectal bleeding, and did not respond to elimination dietary treatment. High-throughput microRNA sequencing was carried out on colonic biopsy specimens of children with EC (EC: n = 4) and controls (C: n = 4) as a preliminary screening of the miRNA profile. Based on the next-generation sequencing (NGS) results and literature data, a potentially relevant panel of miRNAs were selected for further measurements by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR (EC: n = 14, C: n = 10). Validation by RT-PCR resulted in significantly altered expression of miR-21, -31, -99b, -125a, -146a, -184, -221, -223, and -559 compared to controls (p ≤ 0.05). Elevation in miR-21, -99b, -146a, -221, and -223 showed statistically significant correlation to the extent of tissue eosinophilia. Based on our results, we conclude that the dysregulated miRNAs have a potential role in the regulation of apoptosis by targeting Protein kinase B/Mechanistic target of rapamycin (AKT/mTOR)-related pathways in inflammation by modulating Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)-related signalling and eosinophil cell recruitment and activation, mainly by regulating the expression of the chemoattractant eotaxin and the adhesion molecule CD44. Our results could serve as a basis for further extended research exploring the pathomechanism of EC.
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