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Grootswagers P, Bach D, Biemans Y, Behrouzi P, Horvath S, Kramer CS, Liu S, Manson JE, Shadyab AH, Stewart JD, Whitsel E, Yang B, de Groot L. Discovering the direct relations between nutrients and epigenetic ageing. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100324. [PMID: 39067141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Along with the ageing of society, the absolute prevalence of age-related diseases is expected to rise, leading to a substantial burden on healthcare systems and society. Thus, there is an urgent need to promote healthy ageing. As opposed to chronological age, biological age was introduced to accurately represent the ageing process, as it considers physiological deterioration that is linked to morbidity and mortality risk. Furthermore, biological age responds to various factors, including nutritional factors, which have the potential to mitigate the risk of age-related diseases. As a result, a promising biomarker of biological age known as the epigenetic clock has emerged as a suitable measure to investigate the direct relations between nutritional factors and ageing, thereby identifying potential intervention targets to improve healthy ageing. METHODS In this study, we analysed data from 3,969 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative to identify nutrients that are associated with the rate of ageing by using an accurate measure of biological age called the PhenoAge epigenetic clock. We used Copula Graphical Models, a data-driven exploratory analysis tool, to identify direct relationships between nutrient intake and age-acceleration, while correcting for every variable in the dataset. RESULTS We revealed that increased dietary intakes of coumestrol, beta-carotene and arachidic acid were associated with decelerated epigenetic ageing. In contrast, increased intakes of added sugar, gondoic acid, behenic acid, arachidonic acid, vitamin A and ash were associated with accelerated epigenetic ageing in postmenopausal women. CONCLUSION Our study discovered direct relations between nutrients and epigenetic ageing, revealing promising areas for follow-up studies to determine the magnitude and causality of our estimated diet-epigenetic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Grootswagers
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
| | - Daimy Bach
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ynte Biemans
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Pariya Behrouzi
- Biometris, Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA; Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Charlotte S Kramer
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James D Stewart
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eric Whitsel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lisette de Groot
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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2
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Reilly NA, Sonnet F, Dekkers KF, Kwekkeboom JC, Sinke L, Hilt S, Suleiman HM, Hoeksema MA, Mei H, van Zwet EW, Everts B, Ioan-Facsinay A, Jukema JW, Heijmans BT. Oleic acid triggers metabolic rewiring of T cells poising them for T helper 9 differentiation. iScience 2024; 27:109496. [PMID: 38558932 PMCID: PMC10981094 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells are the most common immune cells in atherosclerotic plaques, and the function of T cells can be altered by fatty acids. Here, we show that pre-exposure of CD4+ T cells to oleic acid, an abundant fatty acid linked to cardiovascular events, upregulates core metabolic pathways and promotes differentiation into interleukin-9 (IL-9)-producing cells upon activation. RNA sequencing of non-activated T cells reveals that oleic acid upregulates genes encoding key enzymes responsible for cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis. Transcription footprint analysis links these expression changes to the differentiation toward TH9 cells, a pro-atherogenic subset. Spectral flow cytometry shows that pre-exposure to oleic acid results in a skew toward IL-9+-producing T cells upon activation. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of either cholesterol or fatty acid biosynthesis abolishes this effect, suggesting a beneficial role for statins beyond cholesterol lowering. Taken together, oleic acid may affect inflammatory diseases like atherosclerosis by rewiring T cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie A. Reilly
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Friederike Sonnet
- Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LUCID), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Koen F. Dekkers
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lucy Sinke
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Stan Hilt
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hayat M. Suleiman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marten A. Hoeksema
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik W. van Zwet
- Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Everts
- Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases (LUCID), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Andreea Ioan-Facsinay
- Department of Rheumatology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J. Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T. Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands
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3
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Su H, Shi P, Shen Z, Meng H, Meng Z, Han X, Chen Y, Fan W, Fa Y, Yang C, Li F, Wang S. High-level production of nervonic acid in the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica by systematic metabolic engineering. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1125. [PMID: 37935958 PMCID: PMC10630375 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05502-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nervonic acid benefits the treatment of neurological diseases and the health of brain. In this study, we employed the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to overproduce nervonic acid oil by systematic metabolic engineering. First, the production of nervonic acid was dramatically improved by iterative expression of the genes ecoding β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase CgKCS, fatty acid elongase gELOVL6 and desaturase MaOLE2. Second, the biosynthesis of both nervonic acid and lipids were further enhanced by expression of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases and diacylglycerol acyltransferases from Malania oleifera in endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Third, overexpression of a newly identified ER structure regulator gene YlINO2 led to a 39.3% increase in lipid production. Fourth, disruption of the AMP-activated S/T protein kinase gene SNF1 increased the ratio of nervonic acid to lignoceric acid by 61.6%. Next, pilot-scale fermentation using the strain YLNA9 exhibited a lipid titer of 96.7 g/L and a nervonic acid titer of 17.3 g/L (17.9% of total fatty acids), the highest reported titer to date. Finally, a proof-of-concept purification and separation of nervonic acid were performed and the purity of it reached 98.7%. This study suggested that oleaginous yeasts are attractive hosts for the cost-efficient production of nervonic acid and possibly other very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Penghui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zhaoshuang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Huimin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, Qingdao, 266073, China
| | - Ziyue Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Xingfeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yanna Chen
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Biotech Co., LTD, Shaoxing, 312365, China
| | - Weiming Fan
- Zhejiang Zhenyuan Biotech Co., LTD, Shaoxing, 312365, China
| | - Yun Fa
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Chunyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Fuli Li
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Shi'an Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China.
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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von Schacky C, Kuipers RS, Pijl H, Muskiet FAJ, Grobbee DE. Omega-3 fatty acids in heart disease-why accurately measured levels matter. Neth Heart J 2023; 31:415-423. [PMID: 36795219 PMCID: PMC10602979 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-023-01759-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Current guidelines barely support marine omega‑3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cardiology, mainly because results of large trials were equivocal. Most large trials have tested EPA alone or EPA + DHA combined as a drug, thereby disregarding the relevance of their blood levels. These levels are frequently assessed with the Omega‑3 Index (percentage of EPA + DHA in erythrocytes), which is determined using a specific standardised analytical procedure. EPA and DHA are present in every human being at unpredictable levels (even in the absence of intake), and their bioavailability is complex. Both facts need to be incorporated into trial design and should direct clinical use of EPA and DHA. An Omega‑3 Index in the target range of 8-11% is associated with lower total mortality, fewer major adverse cardiac and other cardiovascular events. Moreover, functions of organs such as the brain benefit from an Omega‑3 Index in the target range, while untoward effects, such as bleeding or atrial fibrillation, are minimised. In pertinent intervention trials, several organ functions were improved, with improvements correlating with the Omega‑3 Index. Thus, the Omega‑3 Index is relevant in trial design and clinical medicine, which calls for a widely available standardised analytical procedure and a discussion on possible reimbursement of this test.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R S Kuipers
- Heart Centre, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Dijklander Hospital, Purmerend/Hoorn, The Netherlands
| | - H Pijl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - F A J Muskiet
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - D E Grobbee
- Julius Global Health, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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5
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Bock M, von Schacky C, Scherr J, Lorenz E, Lechner B, Krannich A, Wachter R, Duvinage A, Edelmann F, Lechner K. De Novo Lipogenesis-Related Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in the Blood Are Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in HFpEF Patients. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4938. [PMID: 37568339 PMCID: PMC10419368 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12154938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
De novo lipogenesis (DNL)-related monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in the blood are associated with incident heart failure (HF). This observation's biological plausibility may be due to the potential of these MUFAs to induce proinflammatory pathways, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and insulin resistance, which are pathophysiologically relevant in HF. The associations of circulating MUFAs with cardiometabolic phenotypes in patients with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are unknown. In this secondary analysis of the Aldosterone in Diastolic Heart Failure trial, circulating MUFAs were analysed in 404 patients using the HS-Omega-3-Index® methodology. Patients were 67 ± 8 years old, 53% female, NYHA II/III (87/13%). The ejection fraction was ≥50%, E/e' 7.1 ± 1.5, and the median NT-proBNP 158 ng/L (IQR 82-298). Associations of MUFAs with metabolic, functional, and echocardiographic patient characteristics at baseline/12 months follow-up (12 mFU) were analysed using Spearman's correlation coefficients and linear regression analyses, using sex/age as covariates. Circulating levels of C16:1n7 and C18:1n9 were positively associated with BMI/truncal adiposity and associated traits (dysglycemia, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and biomarkers suggestive of non-alcoholic-fatty liver disease). They were furthermore inversely associated with functional capacity at baseline/12 mFU. In contrast, higher levels of C20:1n9 and C24:1n9 were associated with lower cardiometabolic risk and higher exercise capacity at baseline/12 mFU. In patients with HFpEF, circulating levels of individual MUFAs were differentially associated with cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings speak against categorizing FA based on physicochemical properties. Circulating MUFAs may warrant further investigation as prognostic markers in HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Bock
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstraße 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Scherr
- University Center for Prevention and Sports Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elke Lorenz
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstraße 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Lechner
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Wachter
- Clinic and Policlinic for Cardiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August University, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - André Duvinage
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Edelmann
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Lechner
- Department of Cardiology, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Lazarettstraße 36, 80636 Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany
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6
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Zhang J, Luo Q, Hou J, Xiao W, Long P, Hu Y, Chen X, Wang H. Fatty acids and risk of dilated cardiomyopathy: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1068050. [PMID: 36875854 PMCID: PMC9980906 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1068050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous observational studies have shown intimate associations between fatty acids (FAs) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, due to the confounding factors and reverse causal association found in observational epidemiological studies, the etiological explanation is not credible. Objective To exclude possible confounding factors and reverse causal associations found in observational epidemiological studies, we used the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to verify the causal relationship between FAs and DCM risk. Method All data of 54 FAs were downloaded from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) catalog, and the summary statistics of DCM were extracted from the HF Molecular Epidemiology for Therapeutic Targets Consortium GWAS. Two-sample MR analysis was conducted to evaluate the causal effect of FAs on DCM risk through several analytical methods, including MR-Egger, inverse variance weighting (IVW), maximum likelihood, weighted median estimator (WME), and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test (MRPRESSO). Directionality tests using MR-Steiger to assess the possibility of reverse causation. Results Our analysis identified two FAs, oleic acid and fatty acid (18:1)-OH, that may have a significant causal effect on DCM. MR analyses indicated that oleic acid was suggestively associated with a heightened risk of DCM (OR = 1.291, 95%CI: 1.044-1.595, P = 0.018). As a probable metabolite of oleic acid, fatty acid (18:1)-OH has a suggestive association with a lower risk of DCM (OR = 0.402, 95%CI: 0.167-0.966, P = 0.041). The results of the directionality test suggested that there was no reverse causality between exposure and outcome (P < 0.001). In contrast, the other 52 available FAs were discovered to have no significant causal relationships with DCM (P > 0.05). Conclusion Our findings propose that oleic acid and fatty acid (18:1)-OH may have causal relationships with DCM, indicating that the risk of DCM from oleic acid may be decreased by encouraging the conversion of oleic acid to fatty acid (18:1)-OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Central Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjing Xiao
- Central Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pan Long
- Central Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yonghe Hu
- Central Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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7
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He GD, Liu XC, Hou XH, Feng YQ. The effect of trimethylamine N-oxide on the metabolism of visceral white adipose tissue in spontaneously hypertensive rat. Adipocyte 2022; 11:420-433. [PMID: 35975941 PMCID: PMC9387326 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2104783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong links have been reported among trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT), and cardiometabolic diseases. However, the effects of TMAO on vWAT in hypertension remained incompletely explored. The impact of a chronic 22-week-long treatment with 1 g/L TMAO on vWAT, and its transcriptional and metabolic changes in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were evaluated by serum cytokine measurements, histological analysis, fatty acid determinations, and co-expression network analyses. TMAO increased the serum interleukin-6 levels and insulin secretion in SHRs. The adipocyte size was diminished in the SHR 1 g/L TMAO group. In addition, one kind of monounsaturated fatty acids (cis-15-tetracosenoate) and four kinds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (cis-11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid, docosatetraenoate, docosapentaenoate n-3, and docosapentaenoate n-6) were elevated by TMAO treatment. Three co-expression modules significantly related to TMAO treatment were identified and pathway enrichment analyses indicated that phagosome, lysosome, fatty acid metabolism, valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation and metabolic pathways were the most significantly altered biological pathways. This study shed new light on the metabolic roles of TMAO on the vWAT of SHRs. TMAO regulated the metabolic status of vWAT, including reduced lipogenesis and an improved specific fatty acid composition. The mechanisms underlying these effects likely involve phagosome and lysosome pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong He
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Cong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xing-Hua Hou
- Research Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ying-Qing Feng
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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8
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Lazar AN, Hanbouch L, Boussicaut L, Fourmaux B, Daira P, Millan MJ, Bernoud-Hubac N, Potier MC. Lipid Dys-Homeostasis Contributes to APOE4-Associated AD Pathology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223616. [PMID: 36429044 PMCID: PMC9688773 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of the APOE4 (vs. APOE3) isoform with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unequivocal, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. A prevailing hypothesis incriminates the impaired ability of APOE4 to clear neurotoxic amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) from the brain as the main mechanism linking the apolipoprotein isoform to disease etiology. The APOE protein mediates lipid transport both within the brain and from the brain to the periphery, suggesting that lipids may be potential co-factors in APOE4-associated physiopathology. The present study reveals several changes in the pathways of lipid homeostasis in the brains of mice expressing the human APOE4 vs. APOE3 isoform. Carriers of APOE4 had altered cholesterol turnover, an imbalance in the ratio of specific classes of phospholipids, lower levels of phosphatidylethanolamines bearing polyunsaturated fatty acids and an overall elevation in levels of monounsaturated fatty acids. These modifications in lipid homeostasis were related to increased production of Aβ peptides as well as augmented levels of tau and phosphorylated tau in primary neuronal cultures. This suite of APOE4-associated anomalies in lipid homeostasis and neurotoxic protein levels may be related to the accrued risk for AD in APOE4 carriers and provides novel insights into potential strategies for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina-Nicoleta Lazar
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, LaMCoS, UMR5259, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
- Correspondence: (A.-N.L.); (M.-C.P.)
| | - Linda Hanbouch
- ICM Paris Brain Institute, CNRS UMR7225, INSERM U1127, Sorbonne University, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Bd de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Lydie Boussicaut
- ICM Paris Brain Institute, CNRS UMR7225, INSERM U1127, Sorbonne University, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Bd de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Baptiste Fourmaux
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, LaMCoS, UMR5259, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Patricia Daira
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, CNRS, LaMCoS, UMR5259, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mark J. Millan
- Institut De Recherche Servier IDRS, Neuroscience Inflammation Thérapeutic Area, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, France
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Vet and life Sciences, Glasgow University, 68 Hillhead Street, Glasgow G12 8QB, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Marie-Claude Potier
- ICM Paris Brain Institute, CNRS UMR7225, INSERM U1127, Sorbonne University, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47 Bd de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (A.-N.L.); (M.-C.P.)
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9
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Dietary Fats and Cardio-Metabolic Outcomes in a Cohort of Italian Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204294. [PMID: 36296979 PMCID: PMC9608185 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dietary fats, and especially saturated fatty acid (SFA), have been blamed for being the culprit in the dramatic increase in obesity and its associated diseases. However multiple systematic reviews and recent meta-analyses do not support the association between SFA and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, the objective of this study was to test whether specific types and subtypes of dietary fats are associated with metabolic outcomes in a cohort of Italian adults. Methods: Nutritional and demographic data of 1936 adults living in the south of Italy were examined. Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were administered to assess the intake of total dietary fat and each specific class of dietary fat, such as SFA, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). The intake of fatty acids was also examined according to the carbon-chain length of each individual class. Cases of hypertension, type-2 diabetes and dyslipidemias were collected from previous doctor-confirmed diagnosis records (or direct measurement of blood pressure). Results: After adjustment for potential confounding factors, individuals reporting higher intakes of total and saturated fats were associated with lower likelihood of having hypertension (odds ratio (OR) = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.91 and OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.89, respectively). Moreover, higher intake of short-chain saturated fatty acids (SCSFAs) and medium-chain saturated fatty acids (MCSFAs) was inversely associated with dyslipidemia and diabetes (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.82 and OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.72, respectively). Among MUFAs, C18:1 was inversely associated with hypertension and diabetes (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.92 and OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.67, respectively), while C14:1 intake was inversely associated only with hypertension (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.88). In contrast, C20:1 intake was associated with dyslipidemia (OR = 3.35, 95% CI: 1.33, 8.42). Regarding PUFA, C18:2 and 20:5 were inversely associated with hypertension (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.60 and OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.89, respectively). Conclusions: The consumption of SFA does not seem to be harmful to cardio-metabolic health and, on the contrary, SCSFA may exert beneficial effects. Further studies are needed to clearly validate the results of the present study.
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10
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Fatty Acid Levels and Their Inflammatory Metabolites Are Associated with the Nondipping Status and Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Stroke Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092200. [PMID: 36140306 PMCID: PMC9496373 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This paper discusses the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of nondipping blood pressure and its role in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of free fatty acids (FAs) and their inflammatory metabolites on the nondipping phenomenon and the risk of sleep apnea in stroke patients. Methods: Sixty-four ischemic stroke patients were included in the prospective study. Group I consisted of 33 patients with a preserved physiological dipping effect (DIP), while group II included 31 patients with the nondipping phenomenon (NDIP). All subjects had FA gas chromatography and inflammatory metabolite measurements performed with the use of liquid chromatography, their 24 h blood pressure was recorded, and they were assessed with the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Results: In the nondipping group a higher level of C16:0 palmitic acid was observed, while lower levels were observed in regard to C20:0 arachidic acid, C22:0 behenic acid and C24:1 nervonic acid. A decreased leukotriene B4 level was recorded in the nondipping group. None of the FAs and derivatives correlated with the ESS scale in the group of patients after stroke. Correlations were observed after dividing into the DIP and NDIP groups. In the DIP group, a higher score of ESS was correlated with numerous FAs and derivatives. Inflammation of a lower degree and a higher level of anti-inflammatory mediators from EPA and DHA acids favored the occurrence of the DIP. A high level of C18: 3n6 gamma linoleic acid indicating advanced inflammation, intensified the NDIP effect. Conclusions: We demonstrated potential novel associations between the FA levels and eicosanoids in the pathogenesis of the nondipping phenomenon. There are common connections between fatty acids, their metabolites, inflammation, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and nondipping in stroke patients.
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11
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Fan G, Li Y, Liu Y, Suo X, Jia Y, Yang X. Gondoic acid alleviates LPS‑induced Kupffer cells inflammation by inhibiting ROS production and PKCθ/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109171. [PMID: 35998508 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Kupffer cells (KCs) is the main macrophage in liver, and its inflammation is related to liver diseases. It has been shown that inflammatory macrophages are accompanied by changes in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content. However, the effect of gondoic acid (GA) on inflammation and its underlying mechanism have not been described. In the current study, we demonstrated that GA significantly inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in LPS-exposed KCs. Further research found that GA reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and enhanced the expression of antioxidant genes. Meanwhile, GA obviously blocked the LPS-stimulated PKCθ/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathways to alleviate the inflammatory responses. These results demonstrated for the first time that GA improves KCs inflammation through the inhibition of ROS production and PKCθ/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway, the results assist in the potential development of functional foods or prodrugs based on the GA rich plant oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Fan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yanfei Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yaxin Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Suo
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yimin Jia
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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12
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Correa SS, Oliveira GG, dos Santos FV, Coradini MF, de Souza Alves LF, Matiucci MA, Gasparino E, dos Reis Goes ES, Feihrmann AC, de Souza MLR. Flavored Amazonic pirarucu ( Arapaima giga) waste flour (salted and sweet) for inclusion in food products. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:3053-3062. [PMID: 35872727 PMCID: PMC9304487 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop flavored flours (salty and sweet) from Amazonic pirarucu waste (Arapaima gigas), include them in extruded snacks, and evaluate the nutritional, physicochemical, microbiological, and acceptance characteristics of these products. A standard flour was elaborated with pirarucu carcass, which presented 54.42% of protein and 7.24% of lipids, and from this, flavored flours were elaborated (salty and sweet). The standard flour had higher levels of protein, calcium, and phosphorus; and the salted one had higher levels of lipids. The fatty acids present in greater quantities were oleic (average of 32.21%), linolenic (average of 20.74%), and palmitic (average of 17.81%). The flavored flours were better accepted than the standard flour, for all sensory attributes and purchase intention. The snacks with sweet flour, despite better results in the sensory attributes of color, aroma, and flavor, were the ones that presented the lowest content of protein and ash, when compared to those with inclusion of standard flour. It is concluded that the pirarucu waste can be used for producing flavored flours and extruded snacks, with the purpose of improved food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefane Santos Correa
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR Brazil
- Institute of Rural Development of Amapá, Santana, AP Brazil
| | | | | | - Melina Franco Coradini
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR Brazil
| | | | | | - Eliane Gasparino
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Luiza Rodrigues de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá - UEM, Maringá, PR Brazil
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13
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Omer M, Ali H, Orlovskaya N, Ballesteros A, Cheong VS, Martyniak K, Wei F, Collins BE, Yarmolenko SN, Asiatico J, Kinzel M, Ngo C, Sankar J, Calder A, Gilbertson T, Meckmongkol T, Ghosh R, Coathup M. Omega-9 Modifies Viscoelasticity and Augments Bone Strength and Architecture in a High-Fat Diet-Fed Murine Model. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153165. [PMID: 35956341 PMCID: PMC9370223 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of diet on the development of osteoporosis is significant and not fully understood. This study investigated the effect of diets of varying lipid profiles and ω-3, ω-6 and ω-9 composition on the structural and mechanical properties of bone. The hypothesis studied was that a diet high in saturated fat would induce osteoporosis and produce an overall increased detrimental bony response when compared with a diet high in unsaturated ω-6, or ω-9. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a control diet, 50:50 mix (saturated:unsaturated) high in ω-9 (HFD50:50), a diet high in saturated fat (HSF) or a polyunsaturated fat diet high in ω-6 (PUFA) over an 8-week duration. Tibiae were retrieved and evaluated using DMA, 3-point-bending, histomorphometry, and microCT. Mice fed a HSF diet displayed key features characteristic of osteoporosis. The loss tangent was significantly increased in the HFD50:50 diet group compared with control (p = 0.016) and PUFA-fed animals (p = 0.049). HFD50:50-fed mice presented with an increased viscous component, longer tibiae, increased loss modulus (p = 0.009), and ultimate stress, smaller microcracks (p < 0.001), and increased trabecular width (p = 0.002) compared with control animals. A diet high in ω-9 resulted in an overall superior bone response and further analysis of its role in bone health is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Omer
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (H.A.); (N.O.); (J.A.); (M.K.); (R.G.)
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.B.); (K.M.); (F.W.); (C.N.); (T.M.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hessein Ali
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (H.A.); (N.O.); (J.A.); (M.K.); (R.G.)
| | - Nina Orlovskaya
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (H.A.); (N.O.); (J.A.); (M.K.); (R.G.)
| | - Amelia Ballesteros
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.B.); (K.M.); (F.W.); (C.N.); (T.M.); (M.C.)
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Vee San Cheong
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, Insigneo Institute for In Silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK;
| | - Kari Martyniak
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.B.); (K.M.); (F.W.); (C.N.); (T.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Fei Wei
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.B.); (K.M.); (F.W.); (C.N.); (T.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Boyce E. Collins
- Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Biomaterials, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (B.E.C.); (S.N.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Sergey N. Yarmolenko
- Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Biomaterials, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (B.E.C.); (S.N.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Jackson Asiatico
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (H.A.); (N.O.); (J.A.); (M.K.); (R.G.)
| | - Michael Kinzel
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (H.A.); (N.O.); (J.A.); (M.K.); (R.G.)
| | - Christopher Ngo
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.B.); (K.M.); (F.W.); (C.N.); (T.M.); (M.C.)
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Jagannathan Sankar
- Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Biomaterials, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA; (B.E.C.); (S.N.Y.); (J.S.)
| | - Ashley Calder
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Timothy Gilbertson
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Teerin Meckmongkol
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.B.); (K.M.); (F.W.); (C.N.); (T.M.); (M.C.)
- Department of General Surgery, Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Ranajay Ghosh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (H.A.); (N.O.); (J.A.); (M.K.); (R.G.)
| | - Melanie Coathup
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.B.); (K.M.); (F.W.); (C.N.); (T.M.); (M.C.)
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA; (A.C.); (T.G.)
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14
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Metelcová T, Zamrazilová H, Vaňková M, Hill M, Tvrzická E, Staňková B, Taxová Braunerová R, Hainer V, Kunešová M. The fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids in adolescents is associated with body composition in early adulthoods: an eight-year follow-up study. Physiol Res 2022; 71:349-356. [PMID: 35616037 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The fatty acid composition is associated with obesity. Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) could have a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of many disorders, including cardiometabolic diseases. A cohort of 84 men and 131 women were examined in adolescence and after 8 years. Body weight (BW) and fat mass (FM) were measured. The composition of fatty acids (FAs) of serum phospholipids was assessed using gas chromatography. Statistics: PLS method. Aim: to determine the relationships between FAs in adolescence and FM (explanatory variable 1, EV1) and BW (explanatory variable 2, EV2) in adulthood. In the predictive models, a cluster of FAs in boys explained 47.2 % of EV1 and a cluster of 6 FAs in girls explained 32.3 % of EV1 measured in adulthood. FAs measured in adolescents explained 23.7 % of EV2 in early adults regardless of gender. A significant negative association was found between 18:1n-9c and EV1 in males and EV2 in both genders. We found a significant negative association between 18:2n-6 and 20:0 and both EV1 and EV2. In all analyses, we found a significant negative association of 20:1n-9 and 18:3n-3 with EV1-2 in both genders. A significant positive association was found in 20:3n-6 with EV1 and EV2 in males. 20:4n-6 was positively associated with EV1 in females and EV2 in both genders. A positive association between FM and very long chain n- 6 PUFAs was also observed. It is concluded that serum MUFAs and essential PUFAs in adolescence are associated with lower BW and FM in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Metelcová
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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15
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Zhu Y, Vogelpohl FA, Heiner-Fokkema MR, Pranger IG, Minović I, Navis GJ, Bakker SJL, Riphagen IJ. Circulating de novo lipogenesis fatty acids and all-cause mortality in a prospective Dutch population cohort. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:658-666. [PMID: 35909048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating fatty acids (FA) from de novo lipogenesis (DNL) are associated with all-cause mortality in individuals with elevated CVD risk. However, compared to FA early in the DNL synthetic pathway, cis-vaccenic acid, one of the FA distal in the DNL synthetic pathway, has rarely been studied in a general population cohort. We hypothesized that circulating cis-vaccenic acid is more strongly related to all-cause mortality than other circulating DNL-related FA. OBJECTIVES The primary and secondary objectives of this study were to investigate the prospective associations of plasma levels of cis-vaccenic acid and other DNL-related FA with all-cause mortality in a general population, respectively. METHODS We included 850 participants (mean ± SD age 53 ± 15 years) from the Dutch Lifelines cohort study. Circulating levels of palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1n7), cis-vaccenic (cis-C18:1n7), stearic (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1n9) in plasma phospholipids (PL) and triglycerides (TG) were measured by gas chromatography. The associations of circulating cis-C18:1n7 and other DNL-related FA with all-cause mortality were assessed using Cox regression analyses. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 9.3 (IQR: 5.4-10.8) years, 34 (4.0%) participants had died. In plasma PL, a 1-SD increase in cis-C18:1n7 was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in univariate and multivariate models (p<0.02 for all), with a HR [95% CI] of 1.60 [1.13-2.25] after adjustment for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS Circulating plasma PL cis-C18:1n7 was associated with a higher risk for all-cause mortality. More studies are needed in different cohorts to verify and validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker).
| | - Fabian A Vogelpohl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - M Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Dr Heiner-Fokkema)
| | - Ilse G Pranger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - Isidor Minović
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Dr Minović)
| | - Gerjan J Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (Zhu, Vogelpohl, Pranger, Navis, and Bakker)
| | - Ineke J Riphagen
- Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands (Dr Riphagen)
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16
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Terluk MR, Tieu J, Sahasrabudhe SA, Moser A, Watkins PA, Raymond GV, Kartha RV. Nervonic Acid Attenuates Accumulation of Very Long-Chain Fatty Acids and is a Potential Therapy for Adrenoleukodystrophy. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1007-1017. [PMID: 35378685 PMCID: PMC9294126 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01226-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is an X-linked inherited peroxisomal disorder due to mutations in the ALD protein and characterized by accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA), specifically hexacosanoic acid (C26:0). This can trigger other pathological processes such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which if involves the brain tissues can result in a lethal form of the disease called childhood cerebral ALD. With the recent addition of ALD to the Recommended Uniform Screening Panel, there is an increase in the number of individuals who are identified with ALD. However, currently, there is no approved treatment for pre-symptomatic individuals that can arrest or delay symptom development. Here, we report our observations investigating nervonic acid, a monounsaturated fatty acid as a potential therapy for ALD. Using ALD patient-derived fibroblasts, we examined whether nervonic acid can reverse VLCFA accumulation similar to erucic acid, the active ingredient in Lorenzo's oil, a dietary intervention believed to alter disease course. We have shown that nervonic acid can reverse total lipid C26:0 accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner in ALD cell lines. Further, we show that nervonic acid can protect ALD fibroblasts from oxidative insults, presumably by increasing intracellular ATP production. Thus, nervonic acid can be a potential therapeutic for individuals with ALD, which can alter cellular biochemistry and improve its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia R Terluk
- Center for Orphan Drug Research, University of Minnesota, McGuire Translational Research Facility, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Julianne Tieu
- Center for Orphan Drug Research, University of Minnesota, McGuire Translational Research Facility, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Siddhee A Sahasrabudhe
- Center for Orphan Drug Research, University of Minnesota, McGuire Translational Research Facility, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Ann Moser
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Paul A Watkins
- Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Gerald V Raymond
- Department of Neurology, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Reena V Kartha
- Center for Orphan Drug Research, University of Minnesota, McGuire Translational Research Facility, 2001 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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17
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Bellien J, Bozec E, Bounoure F, Khettab H, Malloizel-Delaunay J, Skiba M, Iacob M, Donnadieu N, Coquard A, Morio B, Laillet B, Rigaudière JP, Chardigny JM, Monteil C, Vendeville C, Mercier A, Cailleux AF, Blanchard A, Amar J, Fezeu LK, Pannier B, Bura-Rivière A, Boutouyrie P, Joannidès R. The effect of camelina oil on vascular function in essential hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 115:694-704. [PMID: 34791007 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of a dietary supplementation with the vegetable ω-3 α-linolenic acid (ALA) on cardiovascular homeostasis are unclear. In this context, it would be interesting to assess the effects of camelina oil. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the cardiovascular and metabolic effects of camelina oil in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS In a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study, treated essential hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome received, during 6 mo, either cyclodextrin-complexed camelina oil containing ≈ 1.5 g ALA/d (n = 40) or an isocaloric placebo (n = 41), consisting of the same quantity of cyclodextrins and wheat starch. Anthropometric data, plasma lipids, glycemia, insulinemia, creatininemia, TBARs, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and n-3, n-6, and n-9 fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes were measured. Peripheral and central blood pressures, arterial stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness, and brachial artery endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and endothelium-independent dilatation were assessed. RESULTS Compared with placebo, camelina oil increased ALA (mean ± SD: 0 ± 0.04 compared with 0.08 ± 0.06%, P <0.001), its elongation product EPA (0 ± 0.5 compared with 0.16 ± 0.65%, P <0.05), and the n-9 gondoic acid (GA; 0 ± 0.04 compared with 0.08 ± 0.04%, P <0.001). No between-group difference was observed for cardiovascular parameters. However, changes in FMD were associated with the magnitude of changes in EPA (r = 0.26, P = 0.03). Compared with placebo, camelina oil increased fasting glycemia (-0.2 ± 0.6 compared with 0.3 ± 0.5 mmol/L, P <0.001) and HOMA-IR index (-0.8 ± 2.5 compared with 0.5 ± 0.9, P <0.01), without affecting plasma lipids, or inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Changes in HOMA-IR index were correlated with the magnitude of changes in GA (r = 0.32, P <0.01). Nutritional intake remained similar between groups. CONCLUSION ALA supplementation with camelina oil did not improve vascular function but adversely affected glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome. Whether this adverse effect on insulin sensitivity is related to GA enrichment, remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Bellien
- Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, Rouen Normandy University (UNIROUEN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire CArdiac Research Network on Aortic VAlve and heart faiLure (FHU CARNAVAL), Rouen, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC)-INSERM 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Erwan Bozec
- Université de Paris, Service de Pharmacologie, INSERM U970, équipe 7, Paris, France.,Université de Lorraine, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique, INSERM 1433, CHRU Nancy, Inserm DCAC, and F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
| | - Frédéric Bounoure
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Pharmacie Galénique, Rouen France
| | - Hakim Khettab
- Université de Paris, Service de Pharmacologie, INSERM U970, équipe 7, Paris, France.,Service de Pharmacologie, AP-HP, HEGP, Paris, France
| | | | - Mohamed Skiba
- Service de Pharmacologie, AP-HP, HEGP, Paris, France
| | - Michèle Iacob
- Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, Rouen Normandy University (UNIROUEN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire CArdiac Research Network on Aortic VAlve and heart faiLure (FHU CARNAVAL), Rouen, France
| | | | - Aude Coquard
- Department of Pharmacy, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Béatrice Morio
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Brigitte Laillet
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Paul Rigaudière
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Michel Chardigny
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - Alain Mercier
- Department of General Practice, University of Paris 13, SMBH, Bobigny, France
| | | | - Anne Blanchard
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique INSERM CIC-1418, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Amar
- Department of Arterial Hypertension, Toulouse University III, Toulouse, France
| | - Léopold K Fezeu
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center-University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Bruno Pannier
- Department of Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier FH Manhès, Fleury-Mérogis, France
| | | | - Pierre Boutouyrie
- Université de Paris, Service de Pharmacologie, INSERM U970, équipe 7, Paris, France.,Service de Pharmacologie, AP-HP, HEGP, Paris, France
| | - Robinson Joannidès
- Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.,Normandie Université, Rouen Normandy University (UNIROUEN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire CArdiac Research Network on Aortic VAlve and heart faiLure (FHU CARNAVAL), Rouen, France.,Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC)-INSERM 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
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18
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Reilly NA, Lutgens E, Kuiper J, Heijmans BT, Jukema JW. Effects of fatty acids on T cell function: role in atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:824-837. [PMID: 34253911 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00582-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
T cells are among the most common cell types present in atherosclerotic plaques and are increasingly being recognized as a central mediator in atherosclerosis development and progression. At the same time, triglycerides and fatty acids have re-emerged as crucial risk factors for atherosclerosis. Triglycerides and fatty acids are important components of the milieu to which the T cell is exposed from the circulation to the plaque, and increasing evidence shows that fatty acids influence T cell function. In this Review, we discuss the effects of fatty acids on four components of the T cell response - metabolism, activation, proliferation and polarization - and the influence of these changes on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We also discuss how quiescent T cells can undergo a type of metabolic reprogramming induced by exposure to fatty acids in the circulation that influences the subsequent functions of T cells after activation, such as in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie A Reilly
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan T Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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19
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Aragón-Herrera A, Feijóo-Bandín S, Moraña-Fernández S, Anido-Varela L, Roselló-Lletí E, Portolés M, Tarazón E, Lage R, Moscoso I, Barral L, Bani D, Bigazzi M, Gualillo O, González-Juanatey JR, Lago F. Relaxin has beneficial effects on liver lipidome and metabolic enzymes. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21737. [PMID: 34143495 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002620rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Relaxin is an insulin-like hormone with pleiotropic protective effects in several organs, including the liver. We aimed to characterize its role in the control of hepatic metabolism in healthy rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with human recombinant relaxin-2 for 2 weeks. The hepatic metabolic profile was analyzed using UHPLC-MS platforms. Hepatic gene expression of key enzymes of desaturation (Fads1/Fads2) of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) N-methyltransferase (Pemt), of fatty acid translocase Cd36, and of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (Gpi) were quantified by Real Time-PCR. Activation of 5'AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was analyzed by Western Blot. Relaxin-2 significantly modified the hepatic levels of 19 glycerophospholipids, 2 saturated (SFA) and 1 monounsaturated (MUFA) fatty acids (FA), 3 diglycerides, 1 sphingomyelin, 2 aminoacids, 5 nucleosides, 2 nucleotides, 1 carboxylic acid, 1 redox electron carrier, and 1 vitamin. The most noteworthy changes corresponded to the substantially decreased lysoglycerophospholipids, and to the clearly increased FA (16:1n-7/16:0) and MUFA + PUFA/SFA ratios, suggesting enhanced desaturase activity. Hepatic gene expression of Fads1, Fads2, and Pemt, which mediates lipid balance and liver health, was increased by relaxin-2, while mRNA levels of the main regulator of hepatic FA uptake Cd36, and of the essential glycolysis enzyme Gpi, were decreased. Relaxin-2 augmented the hepatic activation of the hepatoprotector and master regulator of energy homeostasis AMPK. Relaxin-2 treatment also rised FADS1, FADS2, and PEMT gene expression in cultured Hep G2 cells. Our results bring to light the hepatic metabolic features stimulated by relaxin, a promising hepatoprotective molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Aragón-Herrera
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Unit and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Feijóo-Bandín
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Unit and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Moraña-Fernández
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Unit and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Cardiology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela and Health Research Institute, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Anido-Varela
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Unit and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Esther Roselló-Lletí
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Institute La Fe University Hospital (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Portolés
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Institute La Fe University Hospital (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Estefanía Tarazón
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Institute La Fe University Hospital (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lage
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela and Health Research Institute, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Isabel Moscoso
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiology Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela and Health Research Institute, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luis Barral
- Polymers Research Group, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of A Coruña, Polytechnic University School of Serantes, Ferrol, Spain
| | - Daniele Bani
- Research Unit of Histology and Embryology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mario Bigazzi
- Endocrine Section, Prosperius Institute, Florence, Italy
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saúde) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago) NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Unit and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Lago
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Unit and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Maternal diet high in linoleic acid alters offspring fatty acids and cardiovascular function in a rat model. Br J Nutr 2021; 127:540-553. [PMID: 33858529 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521001276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA), an essential n-6 fatty acid (FA), is critical for fetal development. We investigated the effects of maternal high LA (HLA) diet on offspring cardiac development and its relationship to circulating FA and cardiovascular function in adolescent offspring, and the ability of the postnatal diet to reverse any adverse effects. Female Wistar Kyoto rats were fed low LA (LLA; 1·44 % energy from LA) or high LA (HLA; 6·21 % energy from LA) diets for 10 weeks before pregnancy and during gestation/lactation. Offspring, weaned at postnatal day 25, were fed LLA or HLA diets and euthanised at postnatal day 40 (n 6-8). Maternal HLA diet decreased circulating total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in females and decreased total plasma n-3 FA in males, while maternal and postnatal HLA diets decreased total plasma n-3 FA in females. α-Linolenic acid (ALA) and EPA were decreased by postnatal but not maternal HLA diets in both sexes. Maternal and postnatal HLA diets increased total plasma n-6 and LA, and a maternal HLA diet increased circulating leptin, in both male and female offspring. Maternal HLA decreased slopes of systolic and diastolic pressure-volume relationship (PVR), and increased cardiac Col1a1, Col3a1, Atp2a1 and Notch1 in males. Maternal and postnatal HLA diets left-shifted the diastolic PVR in female offspring. Coronary reactivity was altered in females, with differential effects on flow repayment after occlusion. Thus, maternal HLA diets impact lipids, FA and cardiac function in offspring, with postnatal diet modifying FA and cardiac function in the female offspring.
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21
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Yuenyong J, Pokkanta P, Phuangsaijai N, Kittiwachana S, Mahatheeranont S, Sookwong P. GC-MS and HPLC-DAD analysis of fatty acid profile and functional phytochemicals in fifty cold-pressed plant oils in Thailand. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06304. [PMID: 33665454 PMCID: PMC7907780 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold-pressed oil is one of the healthiest plant extracts, but its use is limited only in some kinds of plants. Therefore, we aimed to investigate some potential cold-pressed oils with attractive fatty acid profiles and high amounts of functional phytochemicals. Fifty cold-pressed plant oils were prepared from various plant materials in Thailand, in which some of them were from uncommon or unattended plant materials. The oils included were nut oils (n = 9), pseudo-cereal oils (n = 9), legume oils (n = 3), amaranth oils (n = 3), marrow seed oils (n = 8), cruciferous seed oils (n = 7), and leafy green seed oils (n = 11). Gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) were employed to analyze fatty acid profile and five functional phytochemicals (e.g., phytosterols, cholecalciferol, and squalene). Saturated fatty acids were detected around 7.87-36.04%, monounsaturated fatty acids 10.17-80.25%, and polyunsaturated fatty acids nondetectable (ND)-78.25%, phytosterols 663-15123 μg g-1, squalene 265-5979 μg g-1, and cholecalciferol ND-1287.75 μg g-1. The study showed chemical characteristic of the analyzed oils: some contained good fatty acid composition and some were rich in functional phytochemical content. Among the obtained oils, marrow seed oils are a good source of phytosterol, cholecalciferol, and linoleic acid. Pseudo-cereal oils are rich in squalene and linolenic acid. Legume oils are rich in phytosterols and oleic acid. Besides, principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to identify the significance of oils that share compositional similarity (e.g., the samples from pseudo-cereal oil were found on the lower side of the PCA space, which separated them from marrow and leafy green seed oils distributed on the upper part of the plot). In summary, the qualitative and quantitative data would provide a good foundation for further application or selection of those plant oils for health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitkunya Yuenyong
- Rice and Cereal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Master's Degree Program in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Piramon Pokkanta
- Rice and Cereal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nutthatida Phuangsaijai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sila Kittiwachana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sugunya Mahatheeranont
- Rice and Cereal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Phumon Sookwong
- Rice and Cereal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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22
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Pellegrini CN, Buzkova P, Lichtenstein AH, Matthan NR, Ix JH, Siscovick DS, Heckbert SR, Tracy RP, Mukamal KJ, Djoussé L, Kizer JR. Individual non-esterified fatty acids and incident atrial fibrillation late in life. Heart 2021; 107:1805-1812. [PMID: 33483356 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity and dysmetabolism are major risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF). Expansion of fat depots is associated with increased circulating total non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs), elevated levels of which are associated with incident AF. We undertook comprehensive serum measurement of individual NEFA to identify specific associations with new-onset AF late in life. METHODS The present study focused on participants with available serum and free of AF selected from the Cardiovascular Health Study, a community-based longitudinal investigation of older US adults. Thirty-five individual NEFAs were measured by gas chromatography. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association of individual NEFAs with incident AF. RESULTS The study sample included 1872 participants (age 77.7±4.4). During median follow-up of 11.3 years, 715 cases of incident AF occurred. After concurrent adjustment of all NEFAs and full adjustment for potential confounders, higher serum concentration of nervonic acid (24:1 n-9), a long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid, was associated with higher risk of AF (HR per SD: 1.18, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.29; p<0.001). Conversely, higher serum concentration of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) (18:3 n-6), a polyunsaturated n-6 fatty acid, was associated with lower risk of AF (HR per SD: 0.81, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.94; p=0.004). None of the remaining NEFAs was significantly associated with AF. CONCLUSIONS Among older adults, serum levels of non-esterified nervonic acid were positively associated, while serum levels of non-esterified GLA were inversely associated, with incident AF. If confirmed, these results could offer new strategies for AF prevention and early intervention in this segment of the population at highest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara N Pellegrini
- Medical Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA .,Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Petra Buzkova
- Biostatics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nirupa R Matthan
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David S Siscovick
- Medicine and Epidemiology, New York Academy of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Pathology and Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luc Djoussé
- Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Medical Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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23
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Circulating fatty acid profiles are associated with protein energy wasting in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1416. [PMID: 33446880 PMCID: PMC7809126 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80812-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic impact of circulating fatty acids (FAs) in patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) is unknown. We investigated the associations between plasma triglyceride (TG) FAs and markers of inflammation, insulin resistance, nutritional status and body composition. Plasma TG-FAs were measured using gas chromatography in 341 patients on HD (age = 55.2 ± 14.0 years and 54.3% males). Cross-sectional associations of TG-FAs with 13 markers were examined using multivariate linear regression adjusted for potential confounders. Higher levels of TG saturated fatty acids were associated with greater body mass index (BMI, r = 0.230), waist circumference (r = 0.203), triceps skinfold (r = 0.197), fat tissue index (r = 0.150), serum insulin (r = 0.280), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.276), but lower malnutrition inflammation score (MIS, r = − 0.160). Greater TG monounsaturated fatty acid levels were associated with lower lean tissue index (r = − 0.197) and serum albumin (r = − 0.188), but higher MIS (r = 0.176). Higher levels of TG n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were associated with lower MIS (r = − 0.168) and interleukin-6 concentrations (r = − 0.115). Higher levels of TG n-6 PUFAs were associated with lower BMI (r = − 0.149) but greater serum albumin (r = 0.112). In conclusion, TG monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with poor nutritional status, while TG n-3 PUFAs were associated with good nutritional status. On the other hand, TG saturated fatty acids and TG n-6 PUFAs had both favorable and unfavorable associations with nutritional parameters.
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24
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Fragopoulou E, Detopoulou P, Alepoudea E, Nomikos T, Kalogeropoulos N, Antonopoulou S. Associations between red blood cells fatty acids, desaturases indices and metabolism of platelet activating factor in healthy volunteers. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 164:102234. [PMID: 33373961 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Platelet-activating-factor is an inflammatory lipid mediator. Key enzymes of its biosynthesis are CDP-choline:1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol-cholinephosphotransferase (PAF-CPT) and acetyl-CoA:lyso-PAF-acetyltransferases (Lyso-PAF-AT) while PAF-AH/Lp-PLA2 degrade PAF. The interplay between PAF and fatty acids metabolism was explored. MATERIAL AND METHODS In a healthy population, PAF levels, its metabolic enzymes activity and RBC fatty acids were measured while desaturases indices (D) were estimated. A principal component analysis was also applied to assess patterns of RBC fatty acids. RESULTS SFA were related to increased PAF biosynthesis and decreased Lp-PLA2 only in women. MUFA were inversely associated with PAF biosynthesis and positively with Lp-PLA2. Omega-6 fatty acids were positively correlated only with PAF-CPT while no significant correlations were observed with n3 fatty acids. D6 index was positively related with PAF biosynthetic enzymes and inversely with Lp-PLA2 while D9 correlated positively with Lp-PLA2. The pattern of high MUFA and low n6 was associated with reduced PAF biosynthesis and/or increased catabolism in both sexes. CONCLUSION The role of fatty acids in amplifying or reducing inflammation seems to be also reflected in PAF metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fragopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - P Detopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - E Alepoudea
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - T Nomikos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - N Kalogeropoulos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece
| | - S Antonopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Street, 17671, Athens, Greece.
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25
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Yu D, Chen J, Zhou Q, Wang X, Chen Y, Wang L, Yu B. Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Low-erucic-acid Rapeseed Oil over a Ni-Ag 0.15/SBA15 Catalyst. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:1191-1198. [PMID: 32908091 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The kinetics of catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of low-erucic-acid rapeseed oil using ammonium formate as a hydrogen donor over a Ni-Ag0.15/SBA15 catalyst were studied. Then, a kinetic model for the hydrogenation of low-erucic-acid rapeseed oil was established, and it was found that the reaction rate constants of hydrogenations of 9c-18:1 and 12c-18:1 oleic acid were 0.1262 and 0.0148, and the catalytic selectivity of linoleic acid was 2.04. For the catalyst loading of 0.23%, the hydrogenation temperature was 80°C, the ammonium formate concentration was 0.32 mol/50 mL, and the low-erucic-acid rapeseed oil was hydrogenated in 90 min; it was also found that the iodine value of low-erucic-acid rapeseed oil was 80 g I2/100 g, the oleic acid content was 65%, and the trans fatty acids (TFAs) content was only 6.7%. Therefore, CTH may be widely used in the modification of oils and fats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianyu Yu
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Qi Zhou
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Liqi Wang
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce
| | - Bohan Yu
- School of Information Science and Technology, Peking University
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26
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Ortega MA, Saez MA, Sainz F, Fraile-Martínez O, García-Gallego S, Pekarek L, Bravo C, Coca S, Mon MÁ, Buján J, García-Honduvilla N, Asúnsolo Á. Lipidomic profiling of chorionic villi in the placentas of women with chronic venous disease. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2790-2798. [PMID: 33162806 PMCID: PMC7645335 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.49236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a prevalent lower limb venous pathology that especially affects women, who also show an increased risk of this disease during pregnancy. Studies have shown significant structural changes in the placentas of women with CVD and several markers of tissue damage have been also described. Patients and Methods: To try to understand the different placental pathologies, research efforts have focused on examining metabolomic profiles as indicators of the repercussions of these vascular disorders. This study examines changes produced in the metabolomic profiles of chorionic villi in the placentas of women with CVD. In a study population of 12 pregnant women, 6 with and 6 without CVD, we compared through mass spectroscopy coupled to ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC-MS), 240 metabolites in chorionic villus samples. Results: This study is the first to detect in the placental villi of pregnant women with CVD, modifications in lysophosphatidylcholines and amino acids along with diminished levels of other lipids such as triglycerides, sphingomyelins, and non-esterified omega 9 fatty acids, suggesting a role of these abnormalities in the pathogenesis of CVD. Conclusions: Our findings are a starting point for future studies designed to examine the impacts of CVD on maternal and fetal well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Saez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Sainz
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Angiology and Vascular Surgery Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra García-Gallego
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, and Research Institute in Chemistry “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonel Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Bravo
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Service of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Section of Fetal Maternal Medicine, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Coca
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez- Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain
- Internal Medicine and Oncology Service Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, CIBEREHD, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Buján
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- University Center for the Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), 28047 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Asúnsolo
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Healthcare Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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Keppley LJW, Walker SJ, Gademsey AN, Smith JP, Keller SR, Kester M, Fox TE. Nervonic acid limits weight gain in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. FASEB J 2020; 34:15314-15326. [PMID: 32959931 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000525r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipid perturbations contribute to detrimental outcomes in obesity. We previously demonstrated that nervonic acid, a C24:1 ω-9 fatty acid, predominantly acylated to sphingolipids, including ceramides, are selectively reduced in a mouse model of obesity. It is currently unknown if deficiency of nervonic acid-sphingolipid metabolites contribute to complications of obesity. Mice were fed a standard diet, a high fat diet, or these diets supplemented isocalorically with nervonic acid. The primary objective was to determine if dietary nervonic acid content alters the metabolic phenotype in mice fed a high fat diet. Furthermore, we investigated if nervonic acid alters markers of impaired fatty acid oxidation in the liver. We observed that a nervonic acid-enriched isocaloric diet reduced weight gain and adiposity in mice fed a high fat diet. The nervonic acid enrichment led to increased C24:1-ceramides and improved several metabolic parameters including blood glucose levels, and insulin and glucose tolerance. Mechanistically, nervonic acid supplementation increased PPARα and PGC1α expression and improved the acylcarnitine profile in liver. These alterations indicate improved energy metabolism through increased β-oxidation of fatty acids. Taken together, increasing dietary nervonic acid improves metabolic parameters in mice fed a high fat diet. Strategies that prevent deficiency of, or restore, nervonic acid may represent an effective strategy to treat obesity and obesity-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J W Keppley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Susan J Walker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Alexis N Gademsey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jason P Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Susanna R Keller
- Medicine: Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Todd E Fox
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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28
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Sun L, Zong G, Li H, Lin X. Fatty acids and cardiometabolic health: a review of studies in Chinese populations. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 75:253-266. [PMID: 32801302 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rapid nutrition transition from plant-based traditional diet to westernized diet has led to dramatically heightening burdens of cardiometabolic diseases in China in past decades. Recently, national surveys reported that poor dietary quality including low marine n-3 fatty acids and high intakes of red meat and processed meat was associated with considerably elevated cardiometabolic deaths. Previous studies mainly from Western population-based cohorts have indicated that not only fat quantity but also quality linked with different cardiometabolic outcomes. Compared with Western peoples, Asian peoples, including Chinese, are known to have different dietary patterns and lifestyle, as well as genetic heterogeneities, which may modify fatty acid metabolism and disease susceptibility in certain degree. To date, there were limited prospective studies investigating the relationships between fatty acids and cardiometabolic disease outcomes in Chinese, and most existing studies were cross-sectional nature and within one or two region(s). Notably, shifting dietary patterns could change not only amount, types, and ratio of fatty acids accounting for overall energy intake, but also their food sources and ratio to other macronutrients. Moreover, large geographic and urban-rural variations in prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases among Chinese may also reflect the effects of socioeconomic development and local diets on health status. Therefore, current review will summarize available literatures with more focus on the Chinese-based studies which may extend current knowledge about the roles of fatty acids in pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases for Asian populations and also provide useful information for trans-ethnic comparisons with other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Geng Zong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Huaixing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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29
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Shramko VS, Polonskaya YV, Kashtanova EV, Stakhneva EM, Ragino YI. The Short Overview on the Relevance of Fatty Acids for Human Cardiovascular Disorders. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1127. [PMID: 32751513 PMCID: PMC7464661 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents existing evidence of the influence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Data are discussed regarding the roles of the most relevant fatty acids, such as myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), α-linolenic (C18:3, ω-3), γ-linolenic (C18:3, ω-6), arachidonic (C20:4), eicosapentaenoic (C20:5), docosahexaenoic (C22:6), and docosapentaenoic (C22:5) acid. The accumulated knowledge has expanded the understanding of the involvement of fatty acids in metabolic processes, thereby enabling the transition from basic exploratory studies to practical issues of application of these biomolecules to CVD treatment. In the future, these findings are expected to facilitate the interpretation and prognosis of changes in metabolic lipid aberrations in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ekaterina M. Stakhneva
- Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia; (V.S.S.); (Y.V.P.); (E.V.K.); (Y.I.R.)
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30
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Katoh A, Ikeda H, Matsushima Y, Sasaki M, Okina N, Niiyama H, Harada H, Nishiyama Y, Kai H. Long‐chain fatty acids in sarcopenia patients with cardiovascular diseases: importance of n‐9 monounsaturated fatty acids. JCSM CLINICAL REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/crt2.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Katoh
- Department of Cardiology Kurume University Medical Center Kurume Japan
| | - Hisao Ikeda
- Department of Cardiology Sugi Hospital Omuta Japan
| | | | - Motoki Sasaki
- Department of Cardiology Kurume University Medical Center Kurume Japan
| | - Norihito Okina
- Department of Cardiology Kurume University Medical Center Kurume Japan
| | - Hiroshi Niiyama
- Department of Cardiology Kurume University Medical Center Kurume Japan
| | - Haruhito Harada
- Department of Cardiology Kurume University Medical Center Kurume Japan
| | | | - Hisashi Kai
- Department of Cardiology Kurume University Medical Center Kurume Japan
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31
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Scurria A, Fabiano Tixier AS, Lino C, Pagliaro M, D’Agostino F, Avellone G, Chemat F, Ciriminna R. High Yields of Shrimp Oil Rich in Omega-3 and Natural Astaxanthin from Shrimp Waste. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:17500-17505. [PMID: 32715235 PMCID: PMC7377226 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A valued marine oil rich in omega-3 lipids and natural astaxanthin is obtained with remarkably high yield (up to 5 wt %) extending to pink shrimp waste (head and carapace) using the approach to extract fish oil from fish processing byproducts using d-limonene. Biobased limonene is an excellent solvent for both unsaturated lipids and astaxanthin-based carotenoids preventing oxidative degradation during the extraction cycle including solvent separation at 85 °C. Explaining the deep red color of the shrimp oil obtained, computational simulation suggests that d-limonene is also a good solvent for natural astaxanthin abundant in shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Scurria
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati,
CNR, via U. La Malfa
153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Lino
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati,
CNR, via U. La Malfa
153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati,
CNR, via U. La Malfa
153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio D’Agostino
- Istituto per lo Studio
degli Impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in ambiente marino,
CNR, via del Mare 3, Capo Granitola, 91021 Campobello
di Mazara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Avellone
- Dipartimento di Scienze
e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Farid Chemat
- Avignon University, INRA, UMR 408, GREEN
Team Extraction, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati,
CNR, via U. La Malfa
153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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32
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Sadu Singh BK, Narayanan SS, Khor BH, Sahathevan S, Abdul Gafor AH, Fiaccadori E, Sundram K, Karupaiah T. Composition and Functionality of Lipid Emulsions in Parenteral Nutrition: Examining Evidence in Clinical Applications. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:506. [PMID: 32410990 PMCID: PMC7201073 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid emulsions (LEs), an integral component in parenteral nutrition (PN) feeding, have shifted from the primary aim of delivering non-protein calories and essential fatty acids to defined therapeutic outcomes such as reducing inflammation, and improving metabolic and clinical outcomes. Use of LEs in PN for surgical and critically ill patients is particularly well established, and there is enough literature assigning therapeutic and adverse effects to specific LEs. This narrative review contrarily puts into perspective the fatty acid compositional (FAC) nature of LE formulations, and discusses clinical applications and outcomes according to the biological function and structural functionality of fatty acids and co-factors such as phytosterols, α-tocopherol, emulsifiers and vitamin K. In addition to soybean oil-based LEs, this review covers clinical studies using the alternate LEs that incorporates physical mixtures combining medium- and long-chain triglycerides or structured triglycerides or the unusual olive oil or fish oil. The Jaded score was applied to assess the quality of these studies, and we report outcomes categorized as per immuno-inflammatory, nutritional, clinical, and cellular level FAC changes. It appears that the FAC nature of LEs is the primary determinant of desired clinical outcomes, and we conclude that one type of LE alone cannot be uniformly applied to patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birinder Kaur Sadu Singh
- Nutrition Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Ban Hock Khor
- Dietetics Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sharmela Sahathevan
- Dietetics Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Halim Abdul Gafor
- Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Enrico Fiaccadori
- Acute and Chronic Renal Failure Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Tilakavati Karupaiah
- Faculty of Health & Medical Science, School of BioSciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
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33
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Toomer OT, Livingston M, Wall B, Sanders E, Vu T, Malheiros RD, Livingston KA, Carvalho LV, Ferket PR, Dean LL. Feeding high-oleic peanuts to meat-type broiler chickens enhances the fatty acid profile of the meat produced. Poult Sci 2020; 99:2236-2245. [PMID: 32241509 PMCID: PMC7587852 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Early feeding trials using peanut meal prepared from normal-oleic peanuts helped to identify peanuts as a suitable alternative feed ingredient for poultry. Yet no studies to date have examined the use of high-oleic peanuts (HO-PN) as a feed ingredient for meat type chickens. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of feeding whole unblanched HO-PN on the fatty acid profile of the meat produced from broilers. At hatch male chicks were randomly placed in raised wire cages, in 10 replicate pens per treatment with 10 chicks per pen, and fed with one of the 3 isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets ad libitum for 42 days: (1) conventional control of soybean meal + corn, (2) 10 to 12% HO-PN and corn diet, or (3) control diet spiked with ≈6.0% oleic acid oil. All body weights (BW) were collected, and broiler selection for processing was determined by individual BW within one-half a standard deviation of the experiment 42-D mean BW, with one bird selected per pen (10 replicate pens per treatment, 3 treatments, 10 birds selected per treatment, yielding a total sample size of 30 birds). Performance was determined weekly and breast samples were analyzed for fatty acid and amino acid profile. All data was analyzed using analysis of variance, with t-test mean comparisons at P < 0.05. BW were similar between broilers fed the HO-PN and control diet, while feed conversion ratio of broilers fed the HO-PN diet was significantly higher at weeks 2, 4, and 6 in comparison to the other treatments (P ≤ 0.03). Broilers fed with HO-PN diet had reduced carcass and pectoralis major weights in comparison to the other treatments. Chicken breast from broilers fed the HO-PN diet had significantly reduced saturated and trans fatty acid content in comparison to the controls (P ≤ 0.0002). Although additional studies must be conducted, this study suggests that feeding whole unblanched HO-PN to broiler chickens may serve as a means to enrich the meat produced with unsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondulla T Toomer
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Market Quality & Handling Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695.
| | - Matthew Livingston
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Brittany Wall
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Elliott Sanders
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Thien Vu
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Market Quality & Handling Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Ramon D Malheiros
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Kim A Livingston
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Luiz Victor Carvalho
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Peter R Ferket
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Lisa L Dean
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Market Quality & Handling Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695
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Gollasch B, Dogan I, Rothe M, Gollasch M, Luft FC. Effects of hemodialysis on blood fatty acids. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14332. [PMID: 31981323 PMCID: PMC6981304 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids have beneficial cardiovascular effects, perhaps also in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. A low omega-3 index is an independent cardiovascular risk factor in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) dialysis patients. However, the plasma measurements invariably ignore circulating blood cells, including the preponderant erythrocytes (RBCs). We measured fatty acids (HPLC-MS lipidomics) in all components of the circulating blood, since RBC n-3 fatty acid status has been linked to cardiovascular disease and mortality. We studied 15 healthy persons and 15 CKD patients undergoing regular hemodialysis treatments. While total fatty acid levels differed significantly in RBCs from healthy controls and CKD patients, the hemodialysis treatment had no effect on plasma or RBC fatty acid levels. No changes occurred in the percentage of eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3; DHA) (omega-3 quotient) in RBC membrane fatty acids. Nonetheless, hemodialysis treatments increased plasma levels of various total fatty acids, namely C12:0, C14:0, C16:0, C20:2 n-6, C20:4 n-6, and C22:6 n-3 (DHA), while plasma levels of free fatty acids were unchanged. These data suggest that despite significant changes in fatty acids signatures between healthy persons and CKD patients, hemodialysis does not alter RBC n-3 fatty acid status, including the omega-3 quotient. The dialysis treatment per se does not appear to be responsible for a lower omega-3 index in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC)A joint institution of the Charité Medical Faculty and Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
- HELIOS Klinikum Berlin‐BuchBerlinGermany
| | | | | | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC)A joint institution of the Charité Medical Faculty and Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
- Universitätsmedizin GreifswaldKlinik für GeriatrieGreifswaldGermany
| | - Friedrich C. Luft
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC)A joint institution of the Charité Medical Faculty and Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
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35
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[Confusion about the effects of omega-3 fatty acids : Contemplation of study data taking the omega-3 index into consideration]. Internist (Berl) 2019; 60:1319-1327. [PMID: 31591673 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-019-00687-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Confusion reigns about omega‑3 fatty acids and their effects. Scientific investigations did not appear to clarify the issue. Guidelines and regulatory authorities contradict each other. OBJECTIVE This article provides clarity by considering not intake but levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in erythrocytes as a percentage of all fatty acids measured (omega‑3 index). CURRENT DATA The largest database of all methods of fatty acid analyses has been generated with the standardized HS-Omega‑3 Index® (Omegametrix, Martinsried, Deutschland). The omega‑3 index assesses the in EPA+DHA status of a person, has a minimum of 2%, a maximum of 20%, and is optimal between 8% and 11%. In many western countries but not in Japan or South Korea, mean levels are suboptimal. Suboptimal levels correlate with increased total mortality, sudden cardiac death, fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, other cardiovascular diseases, cognitive impairment, major depression, premature birth and other health issues. Interventional studies on surrogate and intermediary parameters demonstrated many positive effects, correlating with the omega‑3 index when measured. Due to issues in methodology that became apparent from the perspective of the omega‑3 index many, even large interventional trials with clinical endpoints were not positive, which is reflected in pertinent meta-analyses. In contrast, interventional trials without issues in methodology the clinical endpoints mentioned were reduced. CONCLUSION All humans have levels of EPA+DHA that if methodologically correctly assessed in erythrocytes, are optimal between 8% and 11%. Deficits can cause serious health issues that can be prevented by optimal levels.
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36
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Hudek R, von Schacky C, Passow A, Abdelkawi AF, Werner B, Gohlke F. Degenerative rotator cuff tears are associated with a low Omega-3 Index. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2019; 148:35-40. [PMID: 31492432 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of degenerative rotator cuff tears is multifactorial but chronic inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis. Some polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can modulate inflammation and marine n-3 (Omega-3) PUFA have anti-inflammatory effects. We hypothesized that the Omega-3 Index is lower in patients with degenerative rotator cuff tears when compared to controls without rotator cuff tendinopathy. METHODS From 684 consecutive patients with full thickness rotator cuff tears 655 were excluded because of possible bias. In the remaining 29 patients (22 m, 7 f; 53,9 y) with degenerative full thickness rotator-cuff tears, erythrocyte fatty acids were analyzed using the HS-Omega-3 Index® methodology. 15 healthy volunteers (10 m, 5 f; 52.5y) served as a control. RESULTS The Omega-3 Index (% EPA + DHA) was 5.01% (95% CI: 3.81-4.66) in patients and 6.01% (95% CI: 4.48-5.72) in controls (p = 0.028) CONCLUSIONS: Patients with full thickness degenerative rotator cuff tears had a significantly lower Omega-3 Index than controls without rotator cuff tendinopathy. Whether a lower Omega-3 Index represents an independent risk factor for degenerative rotator cuff tears should be further investigated, e.g. in a longitudinal study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hudek
- RHÖN Klinikum AG, Klinik für Schulterchirurgie, Salzburger Leite 1, 97616 Bad Neustadt, Germany.
| | | | - Adrian Passow
- Omegametrix GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Ayman F Abdelkawi
- RHÖN Klinikum AG, Klinik für Schulterchirurgie, Salzburger Leite 1, 97616 Bad Neustadt, Germany
| | - Birgit Werner
- RHÖN Klinikum AG, Klinik für Schulterchirurgie, Salzburger Leite 1, 97616 Bad Neustadt, Germany
| | - Frank Gohlke
- RHÖN Klinikum AG, Klinik für Schulterchirurgie, Salzburger Leite 1, 97616 Bad Neustadt, Germany.
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37
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A mini review of nervonic acid: Source, production, and biological functions. Food Chem 2019; 301:125286. [PMID: 31382110 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nervonic acid (NA) has attracted considerable attention because of its close relationship with brain development. Sources of NA include oil crop seeds, oil-producing microalgae, and other microorganisms. Transgenic technology has also been applied to improve the sources and production of NA. NA can be separated and purified by urea adduction fractionation, molecular distillation, and crystallization. Studies on NA functionality involved treatments for demyelinating diseases and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, as well as prediction of mortality due to cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. This mini review focuses on the sources, production, and biological functions of NA and provides prospective trends in the investigation of NA.
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Mao L, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhuang P, Wu F, Jiao J. Plant-sourced and animal-sourced monounsaturated fatty acid intakes in relation to mortality: a prospective nationwide cohort study. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1989-1998. [PMID: 31297602 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) are typical components of various plant-sourced and animal-sourced foods. However, the associations of MUFA consumption from different sources with mortality remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between MUFA intakes from plant and animal sources and mortality. METHODS A total of 14,305 participants from China Health and Nutrition Survey were prospectively followed up for 14 years. Dietary intake of MUFAs was assessed by 3-day 24-h dietary records in each round. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS A total of 1006 deaths occurred during 199,091 person-years of follow-up. Intake of total MUFAs was not associated with mortality (P-trend = 0.17). The plant-sourced MUFA intake was strongly associated with lower mortality [HRQ4vsQ1 (95% CI) 0.72 (0.58-0.89); P-trend = 0.008], whereas animal-sourced MUFA intake showed no significant association. Likewise, oleic acid (OA) and palmitoleic acid (PA) intakes from plant sources were also inversely associated with mortality [HRQ4vsQ1 (95% CI) 0.66 (0.52-0.84) for OA and 0.73 (0.59-0.91) for PA], while animal-sourced OA and PA were not related to mortality. Theoretically replacing saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (5% of total energy) with isocaloric plant-sourced MUFAs was associated with 15% (95% CI 5-25%) lower mortality. In addition, 18% (95% CI 10-26%) lower mortality was observed when theoretically replacing the sum of SFAs and animal-sourced MUFAs with isocaloric plant-sourced MUFAs. CONCLUSIONS Intakes of MUFAs, including OA and PA, from plant but not animal sources were associated with lower total mortality. These findings suggested the importance of consuming MUFAs from plant-based foods for overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Mao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenqiao Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Zhuang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Gollasch B, Dogan I, Rothe M, Gollasch M, Luft FC. Maximal exercise and erythrocyte fatty-acid status: a lipidomics study. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14040. [PMID: 31016868 PMCID: PMC6479222 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids have long been ascribed a positive cardiovascular function. However, the plasma measurements invariably ignore 40% of the blood specimen, cells that engage in continuous exchange with their environment. In our study, we included all components of the circulating blood. Erythrocyte or red-blood-cell (RBC) n-3 fatty acid status has been linked to cardiovascular disease and death. A low omega-3 index is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. We tested the hypothesis that acute, maximal exercise would influence the relationship between RBC and serum fatty acids. RBC fatty acids profiling was achieved using targeted HPLC-MS mass spectrometry. Healthy volunteers performed maximal treadmill exercise testing using the modified Bruce protocol. Central hemodynamics were monitored and maximal workload was assessed in metabolic equivalents (METs). Venous blood was obtained for RBC lipidomics. With the incremental exercise test, no fatty acid-level variations were found in RBCs, while heart rate and arterial blood pressure increased significantly. No changes occurred in the omega-3 quotient, namely the percentage of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in RBC fatty acids in the RBC membrane. Nonetheless, maximal (13.50 ± 1.97 METs) exercise intensity led to a decrease of RBC lauric acid (C12:0) in the recovery period. These data suggest that despite significant hemodynamic effects, short-term maximal exercise is insufficient to alter RBC n-3 and other fatty-acid status, including the omega-3 quotient, in healthy individuals. RBC lauric acid deserves further scrutiny as a potential regulator of cardiovascular and metabolic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC)A Joint Institution of the Charité Medical Faculty and Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
- HELIOS Klinikum Berlin‐BuchBerlinGermany
| | | | | | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC)A Joint Institution of the Charité Medical Faculty and Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
| | - Friedrich C. Luft
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC)A Joint Institution of the Charité Medical Faculty and Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular MedicineBerlinGermany
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Mužáková V, Meloun M, Jindrová A, Čegan A. The effect of fatty acids in red blood cell membranes on the dynamics of inflammatory markers following the coronary stent implantation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 166:310-325. [PMID: 30690246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of 20 fatty acids in erythrocyte cell membranes on the extent of inflammatory response and cell oxidative stress was evaluated using multidimensional statistical data analysis in 54 patients suffering from ischemic heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with coronary stent implantation using multidimensional statistical data analysis. A systemic inflammatory response was indicated by an increase of C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) and ceruloplasmin 48 h after stent implantation and by an increase of interleukin-6 (IL-6) 24 h after intervention. The increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) after 48 h was used as a marker of cell damage by oxidative stress. Multiple linear regression revealed statistically significant relationships between concentration of some fatty acids and the magnitude of inflammatory response, or oxidative stress, after stent implantation. The most significant relationship with an increase of plasma CRP was found for myristic acid and, to a lesser extent, for oleic acid. Trans octadecenoic acid, and to a lesser extent palmitooleic and nervonic fatty acids were found in inverse correlation with the CRP increase. The increase of IL-6 showed a statistically significant correlation with myristic acid, to a lesser extent with cis-9-eicosenoic acid and to the least extent with docosahexaenoic acid, inversely with pentadecanoic, γ-linolenic and stearic acids. An increase of oxidative stress (MDA) significantly correlated only with γ-linolenic acid. Other studied markers of inflammatory response to coronary stenting were SAA and ceruloplasmin (Cp). Statistical evaluation revealed that SAA and Cp are not suitable markers for assessment relationships between inflammation and erythrocyte membrane fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimíra Mužáková
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Meloun
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Pardubice, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Andrea Jindrová
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Čegan
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Muralidharan J, Papandreou C, Sala-Vila A, Rosique-Esteban N, Fitó M, Estruch R, Angel Martínez-González M, Corella D, Ros E, Razquín C, Castañer O, Salas-Salvadó J, Bulló M. Fatty Acids Composition of Blood Cell Membranes and Peripheral Inflammation in the PREDIMED Study: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030576. [PMID: 30866565 PMCID: PMC6471987 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited evidence from epidemiological studies for the inflammatory or anti-inflammatory properties of fatty acids in blood cell membranes. Therefore, this study examined associations between baseline (n = 282) and 1-year (n = 143) changes in the levels of fatty acids in blood cell membranes with circulating inflammatory markers in older adults at high cardiovascular risk. The data for this cross-sectional analysis was obtained from a case-control study within the PREDIMED study. Linear regression with elastic net penalty was applied to test associations between measured fatty acids and inflammatory markers. Several fatty acids were associated with interferon-γ (IFNγ) and interleukins (ILs) IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 at baseline and additionally also with IL-1b at 1 year. Omega-6 fatty acids were consistently positively associated with pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-8 at baseline. Omega-3 fatty acids including C20:5n3 and C18:3n3 were negatively associated with IFN-γ at 1 year. It is interesting to note that the cis and trans forms of C16:1n7 at 1 year were oppositely associated with the inflammatory markers. C16:1n7trans was negatively associated with IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-1b, whereas C16:1n7cis was positively associated with IL-1b. This study adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting potential differences in inflammatory or anti-inflammatory properties of fatty acids in blood cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jananee Muralidharan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Rovira i Virgili University, 43003 Reus, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Christopher Papandreou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Rovira i Virgili University, 43003 Reus, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Nuria Rosique-Esteban
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Rovira i Virgili University, 43003 Reus, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miguel Angel Martínez-González
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Razquín
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Olga Castañer
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition (Regicor Study Group), Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Rovira i Virgili University, 43003 Reus, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Monica Bulló
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Rovira i Virgili University, 43003 Reus, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Khor BH, Narayanan SS, Chinna K, Gafor AHA, Daud ZAM, Khosla P, Sundram K, Karupaiah T. Blood Fatty Acid Status and Clinical Outcomes in Dialysis Patients: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101353. [PMID: 30248953 PMCID: PMC6213187 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood fatty acids (FAs) are derived from endogenous and dietary routes. Metabolic abnormalities from kidney dysfunction, as well as cross-cultural dietary habits, may alter the FA profile of dialysis patients (DP), leading to detrimental clinical outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to (i) summarize FA status of DP from different countries, (ii) compare blood FA composition between healthy controls and DP, and (iii) evaluate FA profile and clinical endpoints in DP. Fifty-three articles from 1980 onwards, reporting FA profile in hemodialysis and peritoneal DP, were identified from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library. Studies on pediatric, predialysis chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, and transplant patients were excluded. Moderate to high levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were reported in Japan, Korea, Denmark, and Sweden. Compared to healthy adults, DP had lower proportions of n-3 and n-6 PUFA, but higher proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids. Two studies reported inverse associations between n-3 PUFAs and risks of sudden cardiac death, while one reported eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid)/arachidonic acid ratio was inversely associated with cardiovascular events. The relationship between all-cause mortality and blood FA composition in DP remained inconclusive. The current evidence highlights a critical role for essential FA in nutritional management of DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ban-Hock Khor
- Dietetics Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
| | | | - Karuthan Chinna
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Abdul Halim Abdul Gafor
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Zulfitri Azuan Mat Daud
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Pramod Khosla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | | | - Tilakavati Karupaiah
- Dietetics Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
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Saturated fatty acids and mortality in patients referred for coronary angiography—The Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health study. J Clin Lipidol 2018; 12:455-463.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Genome-Wide Interaction Study of Omega-3 PUFAs and Other Fatty Acids on Inflammatory Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Health in the Framingham Heart Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080900. [PMID: 28820441 PMCID: PMC5579693 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous genetic loci have been identified as being associated with circulating fatty acid (FA) levels and/or inflammatory biomarkers of cardiovascular health (e.g., C-reactive protein). Recently, using red blood cell (RBC) FA data from the Framingham Offspring Study, we conducted a genome-wide association study of over 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 22 RBC FAs (and associated ratios), including the four Omega-3 FAs (ALA, DHA, DPA, and EPA). Our analyses identified numerous causal loci. In this manuscript, we investigate the extent to which polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels moderate the relationship of genetics to cardiovascular health biomarkers using a genome-wide interaction study approach. In particular, we test for possible gene–FA interactions on 9 inflammatory biomarkers, with 2.5 million SNPs and 12 FAs, including all Omega-3 PUFAs. We identified eighteen novel loci, including loci which demonstrate strong evidence of modifying the impact of heritable genetics on biomarker levels, and subsequently cardiovascular health. The identified genes provide increased clarity on the biological functioning and role of Omega-3 PUFAs, as well as other common fatty acids, in cardiovascular health, and suggest numerous candidate loci for future replication and biological characterization.
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