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Padillah R. Financial toxicity and psychological distress in parental unemployment: a serious problem for public health concern. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024; 46:e190-e191. [PMID: 37635367 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raup Padillah
- Departemennt of Guidance and Counselling, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi, Banyuwangi 41482, Indonesia
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Padillah R. Parental unemployment: a ticking time bomb for children's adverse childhood experiences. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:e820-e821. [PMID: 37340559 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Parental unemployment poses a significant threat to the well-being and development of children, acting as a ticking time bomb that can trigger adverse childhood experiences. To defuse this time bomb, comprehensive support systems must be in place, including financial assistance, emotional support, educational resources and social integration programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raup Padillah
- Universitas Negeri Malang, Java Timur 65139, Indonesia
- Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi, East Java 41482, Indonesia
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Estela-Delgado B, Montenegro G, Paan J, Morales-García WC, Castillo-Blanco R, Sairitupa-Sanchez L, Saintila J. Personal well-being and financial threats in Peruvian adults: The mediating role of financial well-being. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1084731. [PMID: 36778161 PMCID: PMC9912842 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1084731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Crises negatively affect the economy of a country, increasing financial risk, as they affect work activities and the well-being of the population. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of financial well-being in the relationship between personal well-being and financial threats. A predictive cross-sectional study was conducted. The variables analyzed were personal well-being, financial threats, and financial well-being. A total of 416 Peruvian adults from the three regions of Peru participated. The mean age was M = 35.36, SD = 8.84, with a range of 19-62 years. To represent the statistical mediation model, a structural equation model (SEM) was used. The analysis showed that the variables were significantly related (p < 0.001). The theoretical model indicated a perfect mediation, also obtaining a good fit, χ 2(168) = 394.3, CFI = 0.931, RMSEA = 0.057, SRMR = 0.062. The study showed that personal well-being serves as a basis for promoting financial well-being and this contributes to the reduction of financial threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertha Estela-Delgado
- Unidad de Administración, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Gilmer Montenegro
- Unidad de Administración, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Jimmy Paan
- Unidad de Administración, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Wilter C. Morales-García
- Unidad de Salud Pública, Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru,Escuela de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru,*Correspondence: Wilter C. Morales-García, ; Jacksaint Saintila,
| | | | - Liset Sairitupa-Sanchez
- Escuela Profesional de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Jacksaint Saintila
- Escuela de Medicina Humana, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo, Peru,*Correspondence: Wilter C. Morales-García, ; Jacksaint Saintila,
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Hossain MK, Mahfuz T, Latif S, Hossain ME. Determinants of financial stress among university students and its impact on their performance. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN HIGHER EDUCATION 2023; 15:226-237. [DOI: 10.1108/jarhe-02-2021-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
PurposeTo identify the financial stress and associate factors of tertiary level student.Design/methodology/approachTo identify the financial stress and associate factors, a structured questionnaire was developed to collect data from 571 students of different universities of Bangladesh through Google form. Chi square and Cramer's V were applied to find the associated factors with financial stress of students, whereas ordinal regression was performed to evaluate the influence of the associated factors on financial stress.FindingsGender, living status, borrowing loan factors have positive association with financial stress. Tuition fee dues have significant positive association with financial stress. A student who has tuition fee dues feels 1.48 times more stress compared to student who does not have dues. Females were found less likely to be financially stressed (AOR = 1.536) than male students. Students who borrowed loans were more likely to have financial stress than non-borrowed loan groups of students.Practical implicationsResults indicate that financial stress has a strong impact on participation in different academic and personal activities of a student. Therefore, parents, university administration and student counselor should consider the factor to assess stress of a student.Originality/valueThis study identified factors responsible for financial stress of Bangladeshi students of tertiary level.
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Ibrahim NM, Gamal-Elden DA, Gadallah MA, Kandil SK. Emotional distress symptoms and their determinants: screening of non-clinical hospital staff in an Egyptian University hospital. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:793. [PMID: 36522708 PMCID: PMC9754778 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04463-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-clinical hospital staff were rarely studied despite their potential exposure to workplace stressors. We aimed to measure the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress (emotional distress symptoms) and determine their association with perceived job stress level and socioeconomic factors among non-clinical hospital staff. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ain-Shams University Hospitals from March to May 2019. Tools were the Arabic Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21, Workplace Stress Scale, and Socioeconomic status scale. Independent correlates were determined using multivariable ordinal regression. RESULTS Out of 462 participants, 72.5% reported receiving insufficient income and 54.8% showed Effort-reward imbalance. Job stress was scored as severe/potentially dangerous by 30.1%. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress were 67.5, 69.0, and 51.7%; and the severe/extremely severe levels were 20.8, 34.6, and 17.6% respectively. Across all the severity levels, the likelihood of depression, anxiety, and stress were progressively higher with more serious levels of income insufficiency [in debt versus able to save, OR:5.82 (95%CI:2.35-14.43), OR:3.84 (95%CI:1.66-8.91), and OR:3.01 (95%CI:1.20-7.55) respectively] and with higher job stress levels. Specifically, the likelihood of depression, anxiety, and stress increased by 74, 56, and 53% respectively with feelings of unpleasant/unsafe work conditions and by 64, 38, and 62% respectively with the presence of work-life conflict; while the likelihood of depression and stress increased by 32 and 33% respectively when there was difficult communication with superiors; and only the likelihood of depression increased by 23% with underutilization of skills. CONCLUSION Non-clinical hospital staff were commonly affected by emotional distress symptoms with high rates of severe/very severe levels, and they often considered their workplace stress as severe/potentially dangerous. Workplace stress and income insufficiency were strong correlates with emotional distress symptoms. Decreasing work-life conflict, enhancing leadership skills, and mitigation of the economic hardship are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M. Ibrahim
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Community, Environmental, and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 38 Ramses St., Abbassia square, Cairo, 11566 Egypt
| | - Dina A. Gamal-Elden
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Community, Environmental, and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 38 Ramses St., Abbassia square, Cairo, 11566 Egypt
| | - Mohsen A. Gadallah
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Community, Environmental, and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 38 Ramses St., Abbassia square, Cairo, 11566 Egypt
| | - Sahar K. Kandil
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Community, Environmental, and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 38 Ramses St., Abbassia square, Cairo, 11566 Egypt
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Nardi B, Del Prete L, Amatori G, Carpita B, Carmassi C, Pompili M, Dell'Osso L. An attempted "suicide pact" in Covid-19 era - psychiatric perspectives. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:686. [PMID: 36333800 PMCID: PMC9636834 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04333-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A "suicide pact" is a joint and actively induced death of two individuals with the essential and unavoidable characteristic of a mutual consent. One of the partners (dominant in the relationship, commonly male) usually induces the action and in most cases, it is the one who actively carries it out. Undiagnosed psychopathological dimension or pathological subthreshold traits are found in those who enter into suicide agreements, the presence of cluster B personality traits such as narcissistic or borderline is of particular relevance in the dominant partner, while in the submissive one dependent personality traits are more frequent. As in the case of other similar health emergencies, COVID-19 pandemic seems to lead to greater suicidality, including the "suicide pacts" of couples whose motivation varies including firstly financial problems, strictly followed by fear of infection and not being able to return home from abroad. CASE PRESENTATION We reported a case of a couple who entered a suicide agreement consequently to the economic difficulties caused by COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalized in our department. Both partners were assessed with Adult Autism Subthreshold Spectrum (AdAS Spectrum) and both crossed the threshold for clinically relevant autistic traits (M = 67; F = 49). CONCLUSION This case further confirms the link between COVID-19 pandemics and suicidality. The role of autism spectrum traits as a vulnerability factor towards the development of severe psychopathological consequences after traumatic events is also stressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Nardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Luca Del Prete
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Amatori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Barbara Carpita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Carmassi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127, Pisa, Italy
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Li Y, Chen H, Liu C, Liu H. How does COVID-19 pandemic affect entrepreneur anxiety? The role of threat perception and performance pressure. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1044011. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1044011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The entrepreneurial firms may be more vulnerable to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the entrepreneurs of entrepreneurial firms are also threatened by the revenues decline and business failure, which vehemently affect their well-being. The mental health of the entrepreneur decides whether the entrepreneurial firms can make the right decision, which is related to the healthy development of the entrepreneurial firms. Based on the event system theory and the cognitive appraisal theory, this paper aims to explore the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the entrepreneur anxiety, and the threat perception and performance pressure are introduced to investigate the mediating mechanism and boundary of this effect. Using the simple random sampling to obtain questionnaire survey data, 168 entrepreneurs of entrepreneurial firms have participated in the empirical study, and the research results are as follows. First, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly positively affects entrepreneur anxiety. Second, the entrepreneur threat perception plays a mediating role between the COVID-19 pandemic and the entrepreneur anxiety, which means the COVID-19 pandemic can enhance the external threat perception of entrepreneurs, and then affect the entrepreneur anxiety. Third, the positive effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the entrepreneur anxiety is strengthened by the entrepreneur performance pressure, while the positive effect of entrepreneur threat perception on entrepreneur anxiety is weakened by the entrepreneur performance pressure. The above findings are helpful to explore the mechanism of the COVID-19 pandemic and other critical crisis events on entrepreneurs’ mental health from the new perspective of cognitive appraisal theory and event system theory, filling the research gaps between the COVID-19 pandemic and entrepreneur anxiety. Besides, this study broadens the applied range of the cognitive appraisal theory and the event system theory in the fields of crisis situations and entrepreneur research, and enriches the research outputs. Furthermore, this study will help provide a new theoretical analysis insight for the related research on how the COVID-19 pandemic affects entrepreneurs’ psychology, and further deepen researchers to understand the mechanism of entrepreneur anxiety under the COVID-19 pandemic, providing theoretical inspirations for reducing entrepreneur anxiety. What’s more, this study finds that individual pressure can affect their cognitive appraisal, which means that future research should take the pressure influential mechanism into consideration in the process of exploring “external stimulus--cognitive appraisal--emotional response,” further expanding the theoretical model of cognitive appraisal proposed from the perspective of pressure.
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Qin X, Xu S, Ma M, Fan X, Nie X, Zhang Y, Liu B, Li L. Differences in associations between family functioning and anxious and depressive symptoms in Chinese women and their partners in early pregnancy. BJPsych Open 2022; 8:e158. [PMID: 35983767 PMCID: PMC9438476 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2022.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family functioning is associated with anxiety and depression. Perinatal depression and anxiety are common and influence the well-being of women, partners and their offspring. However, little is known about differences in associations between family functioning and mood symptoms in women and their partners in early pregnancy. AIMS Investigating differences in associations between family functioning and anxious and depressive symptoms in women and their partners in early pregnancy. METHOD In total, 171 woman-partner pairs were enrolled. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item scale (GAD-7) and Family Assessment Device (FAD) were performed. Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were applied to investigate the associations. RESULTS In pregnant women, all the subscale scores on the FAD were correlated with total scores on the EPDS and GAD-7 (all P < 0.05), whereas only the Roles subscale showed a predicting effect in regression models (P < 0.01). In partners, all the subscale scores on the FAD were related to total scores on the PHQ-9 (all P < 0.05), whereas only the Problem Solving subscale showed a predicting effect (P = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that family functioning in the domain of roles is associated with anxious and depressive symptoms in pregnant women and functioning in the domain of problem solving is associated with depressive symptoms in partners. Clinicians should pay special attention to roles and problem solving when assessing mood symptoms in pregnant women and their partners. This study also provides a basis for family health education in early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Qin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; and Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shuyin Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; and Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Mohan Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; and Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xueqing Nie
- Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; and Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Bangshan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; and Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lingjiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China; and Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
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Omidiji J, Samuel U, Busa F, Ayeni A. Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 safety measures and related uncertainties among socially vulnerable groups in Lagos megacity. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10090. [PMID: 36033275 PMCID: PMC9391079 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the unique coronavirus disease (COVID-19), associated safety measures and impacts have been experienced differently across various sociodemographic and livelihood groups. As a result of the impacts of the COVID-19 restrictions, this study examined experiences and livelihood uncertainties from socially vulnerable groups. One hundred and fifty responses (150) were recorded from residents in Iwaya, and Makoko areas within Lagos Mainland Local Government Area of Lagos state. Complete lockdown or stay-at-home orders, compulsory face masks in public spaces, curfews, physical and social distancing and restriction of inter-state movements are some of the precautionary/safety measures introduced by the Government and enforced by security agents. The findings show that curfews and restriction of inter-state movements were two of the safety measures that had no or reduced impact (p-values > 0.01) on the respondents’ means of livelihood. Our results reveal that because a larger percentage of male participants are self-employed and owned personal businesses they were more affected by COVID-19 restrictions than females. 42.7% (64) of females and 57.3% (86) of males reported COVID-19-related anxieties and stress from fear of starvation, and contracting the virus, to impacts on money/finances, slow sales and businesses, food supply, job loss, erratic power supply affecting work from home options. 54.7% of respondents had more than 5 people living together, while 84.7% of housing types (128) are bungalows with several rooms inhabited by an average of three to four people per household. Increased stress, fear of hunger, loss of jobs and source of income were some of the negative impacts resulting from the introduction of the COVID-19 safety measures which adversely affected occupations like traders, people engaged in fishing activities, painters, carpenters, hairdressers and barbers, printers and bricklayers. Our work provides insights into the effects of the COVID-19-safety measures and subjective impact across vulnerable groups and occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jokotola Omidiji
- Geography Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Udofia Samuel
- Geography Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fashoto Busa
- Geography Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Amidu Ayeni
- Geography Department, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
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Lathabhavan R. COVID-19 and Mental Health Concerns Among Business Owners: a Cross-Sectional Study from India. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022; 21:1-11. [PMID: 35465028 PMCID: PMC9017730 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00824-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The study examines the relationship between pandemic-induced financial distress and mental health of entrepreneurs in India. A cross-sectional research design was used, and a survey was conducted among 816 small-scale entrepreneurs of diverse business entities. Structural equation modeling was performed to analyze the data. Both economic hardship and financial threat reported significant positive relationships with depression, anxiety, and stress. Financial wellbeing was found to be negatively related with depression, anxiety, and stress. The study stands among pioneers who have investigated the mental health issues among entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study provides holistic implications by recommending a collective mechanism that involves individuals, governments, and institutions, for helping small business entrepreneurs cope with the situation, avoid trauma, and have a positive mental health. Future studies can focus on longitudinal data collection to provide better accuracy and consistency.
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Ali M, Uddin Z, Amran Hossain KM, Uddin TR. Depression, anxiety, stress, and suicidal behavior among Bangladeshi undergraduate rehabilitation students: An observational study amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e549. [PMID: 35284647 PMCID: PMC8905129 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Common mental health symptoms (CMHS) like depressive moods, anxiety, and stress are the underlying causes of suicidal behavior. The incidence of suicide is higher among Bangladeshi students. Due to the pandemic, students of health/rehabilitation sciences are at the most significant risk. This study aimed to measure the prevalence rate and predicting factors for depression, anxiety and stress, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts in Bangladeshi undergraduate rehabilitation students. Methods This cross-sectional study included data from 731 participants. Descriptive analyses estimated prevalence, and multivariate logistic regression models identified the factors associated with CMHS and suicidal behavior after adjusting the confounders. Results The result shows a high prevalence of moderate to very severe CMHS and a higher risk of suicidal ideation among rehabilitation students. Sociodemographic factors, illness, behavior, institution, and subject-related issues were identified as the predicting factors of CMHS and suicidal behavior. The students suffering from mental health symptoms reported suicidal ideation and attempted at a significantly higher rate. Conclusion To deal with CHMS and suicide risk, a holistic, supportive approach from government and academic institutions are essential for minimizing the predicting factors identified by this study. The study is helpful for the government regulatory body and policymakers to take immediate steps for preventing CMHS and suicidal behavior among rehabilitation students in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali
- Department of Physiotherapy and RehabilitationUttara Adhunik Medical College and HospitalDhakaBangladesh
- Hasna Hena PainPhysiotherapy and Public Health Research Center (HPRC)DhakaBangladesh
| | - Zakir Uddin
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Kazi M. Amran Hossain
- Department of PhysiotherapyBangladesh Health Professions Institute, CRPDhakaBangladesh
- Cross Specialty Research TeamEast Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation TrustKentUK
| | - Turjo R. Uddin
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
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Duisekova S, Kerimbayeva Z, Mustafin A, Mussakhanova A, Turgambayeva A, Stukas R. Unemployment as a Medical and Social Problem and Incidence among Unemployed Young People. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The problem of unemployment among young people worries the world for many generations, since young people are the stratum of the population on which the future in each country depends (Brydsten et al. 2016). The socioeconomic situation of young people, especially the unemployed, is alarming, which is not always emphasized in the priorities of social policy. The study of incidence among unemployed youth is carried out in many countries, where it is noted that the unemployed people have worse mental and physical health compared to employed one (Grzegorczyk and Wolff, 2020).
AIM: Our study aims to assess the difference between the incidence of working and unemployed youth.
METHODS: The study involved 536 people, from 18 to 29-years-old, among whom women - 69.2%, men - 30.8%, from all regions of Kazakhstan.
RESULTS: The results of the work showed that the level of youth unemployment increased during the pandemic by an average of 1% in the world and in Kazakhstan, young people had limitations in receiving medical and social assistance due to financial constraints, deficiency of health insurance and personal reluctance. It was also found that social status is a significant predictor of vaccination (beta = −0.225, R2 = 0.0507, p < 0.001) and a predictor of alcohol consumption (beta = −0.0908, R2 = 0.00824, p = 0.037). More often unemployed youth noted health problems over the past year (42.3%) than in other social groups (35.6–37.8%), a similar situation was observed when assessing the frequency of chronic diseases (p = 0.365).
CONCLUSION: In our study, we show that the decline in health by virtue of unemployment is likely to be significant, since our estimated effect implies that the health of young people is almost 10% worse (in absolute terms) due to unemployment compared to the employed population. This further underscores that unemployment is a public health problem that needs more attention. Furthermore, the results obtained show that unemployment has the most negative consequences for vulnerable people, including young people.
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Rajan S, Paton LW, Chowdhury AH, Zavala GA, Aslam F, Huque R, Khalid H, Murthy P, Nizami AT, Prasad Muliyala K, Shiers D, Siddiqi N, Boehnke JR. Knowledge and Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in People With Severe Mental Illness in Bangladesh and Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:785059. [PMID: 35237185 PMCID: PMC8884107 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.785059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) are likely to face disproportionate challenges during a pandemic. They may not receive or be able to respond to public health messages to prevent infection or to limit its spread. Additionally, they may be more severely affected, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS We conducted a telephone survey (May-June 2020) in a sample of 1,299 people with SMI who had attended national mental health institutes in Bangladesh and Pakistan before the pandemic. We collected information on top worries, socioeconomic impact of the pandemic, knowledge of COVID-19 (symptoms, prevention), and prevention-related practices (social distancing, hygiene). We explored the predictive value of socio-demographic and health-related variables for relative levels of COVID-19 knowledge and practice using regularized logistic regression models. FINDINGS Mass media were the major source of information about COVID-19. Finances, employment, and physical health were the most frequently mentioned concerns. Overall, participants reported good knowledge and following advice. In Bangladesh, being female and higher levels of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) predicted poor and better knowledge, respectively, while in Pakistan being female predicted better knowledge. Receiving information from television predicted better knowledge in both countries. In Bangladesh, being female, accessing information from multiple media sources, and better HRQoL predicted better practice. In Pakistan, poorer knowledge of COVID-19 prevention measures predicted poorer practice. CONCLUSION Our paper adds to the literature on people living with SMIs and their knowledge and practices relevant to COVID-19 prevention. Our results emphasize the importance of access to mass and social media for the dissemination of advice and that the likely gendered uptake of both knowledge and practice requires further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Rajan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Lewis W Paton
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gerardo A Zavala
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Faiza Aslam
- Institute of Psychiatry, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Humaira Khalid
- Institute of Psychiatry, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Pratima Murthy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Asad T Nizami
- Institute of Psychiatry, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Krishna Prasad Muliyala
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - David Shiers
- Greater Manchester Mental Health National Health Service Trust, Trust Headquarters, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Psychology and Mental Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Najma Siddiqi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom.,Hull York Medical School, York, United Kingdom.,Bradford District Care National Health Service Foundation Trust, Shipley, United Kingdom
| | - Jan R Boehnke
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom.,School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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14
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Yao R, Wu W. Mental Disorders Associated with COVID-19 Related Unemployment. APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE 2022; 17:949-970. [PMID: 33968280 PMCID: PMC8096626 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-021-09950-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, restrictions on economic activities have resulted in a sharp rise of unemployment. The purpose of this research is to explore mental disorders associated with COVID-19 related unemployment using a large, nationally representative dataset, the 2020 COVID-19 Household Pulse Survey. ANOVA with post hoc tests (Tukey HSD) are utilized to reveal the mean difference of mental disorders between various employment status, as well as between reasons of unemployment. Binary logit model is used to investigate the potential effect of different reasons of unemployment on mental disorders. Individuals who were not working during the pandemic due to involuntary reasons had higher probabilities of mental disorders than those who were working and those who voluntarily separated from work. Among respondents who were not working due to COVID-19 related reasons, respondents whose employer went out of business were the most likely to experience mental disorders. Household job uncertainty in the next four weeks positively contributed to mental disorders. Government should consider measures to contain the spread of virous while keeping as many people employed as possible. Government should also consider providing adequate financial and counseling assistance to individuals who are in the greatest need for such support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yao
- Department of Personal Financial Planning, University of Missouri, 239B Stanley Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Weipeng Wu
- Department of Personal Financial Planning, University of Missouri, 240A Stanley Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
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15
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Levy I, Cohen-Louck K, Bonny-Noach H. Gender, employment, and continuous pandemic as predictors of alcohol and drug consumption during the COVID-19. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 228:109029. [PMID: 34500243 PMCID: PMC8411591 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to assess the impacts of the continuous pandemic state, gender and employment status on changes in substance use during the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS A sample of 828 Israelis participated in an online survey and answered questions on demographic characteristics, ranking their substance consumption, and perceived increase in alcohol/drug consumption. The age range was 18-65 (Mean = 30.10, S.D. = 11.99), and the majority (72.9 %) were female. We gathered the data in two waves: 1) during and following the early first lockdown; 2) following the second lockdown. RESULTS Men reported higher beer, hard liquor, and illegal drug consumption than women. Continuous COVID-19 was associated with higher consumption of all alcohol, and cannabis, and higher perceived increases in substance consumption than short-term COVID-19. Significant interactions were found between gender and employment regarding all-drug consumption measurements and interactions between gender, employment, and pandemic duration (short/continuous) were found regarding cannabis consumption. CONCLUSIONS The discussion addresses the results in the context of continuous COVID-19 and traditional gender roles. Policymakers should develop prevention and harm reduction interventions for substance use and abuse, focusing on unemployed men as an at-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Levy
- Department of Criminology, Ariel University, Israel; Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Zefat Academic College, 11 Jerusalem Street, Zefat, 13206, Israel.
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16
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Sharif Nia H, Gorgulu O, Naghavi N, Robles-Bello MA, Sánchez-Teruel D, Khoshnavay Fomani F, She L, Rahmatpour P, Allen KA, Arslan G, Pahlevan Sharif S. Spiritual Well-Being, Social Support, and Financial Distress in Determining Depression: The Mediating Role of Impact of Event During COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:754831. [PMID: 34777060 PMCID: PMC8581494 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.754831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between spiritual well-being, social support, and financial distress with depressive symptoms due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A path analysis was used to analyze data collected from 1,156 Iranian participants via an online survey. The results showed that spiritual well-being and social support were negatively related to depressive symptoms and financial distress. The impact of COVID-19 events showed negative associations with depressive symptoms. In addition, the link between spiritual well-being and financial distress with depressive symptoms was partially mediated by the impact of events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Sharif Nia
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ozkan Gorgulu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Information, Faculty of Medicine, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Navaz Naghavi
- Taylor's Business School, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - María Auxiliadora Robles-Bello
- Area of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-Teruel
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Long She
- Faculty of Business and Law, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Pardis Rahmatpour
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kelly-Ann Allen
- School of Educational Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Education, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Wellbeing Science, The Melbourne Graduate School of Education, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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17
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Mamun MA, Safiq MB, Hosen I, al Mamun F. Burnout, does the university entrance test failing attribute? A Bangladeshi exploratory study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258100. [PMID: 34610010 PMCID: PMC8491878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Getting admission into a university is highly competitive globally and can be regarded as a mental stressor for some individuals. In Bangladesh, most of the universities allow students to repeat the test, whereas repeat test-taking students are supposed to suffer from psychological issues like burnout because of academic non-achievement in their first attempt. But there is no prior study assessing burnout to the population, which was investigated herein. A cross-sectional study was carried out among a total of 911 Bangladeshi university entrance test-taking students (i.e., 49.5% first-time test-takers). The survey measures included socio-demographics, admission-related issues, and mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and burnout). Of the mental health problems, depression, anxiety, and burnout were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS), respectively. In light of two-dimensional and three-dimensional cutoff schemes of the MBI-SS, about 43.7% and 17.3% of the test-taking students, respectively, were classified to be burnout in the total sample. Additionally, 48.1%, 71.4%, and 49.1% of the students in the total sample reported higher emotional exhaustion, higher cynicism, and lower academic efficacy, respectively. In respect to the student status, two-dimensional burnout (48.0% vs. 39.2%; χ2 = 7.164, p = 0.007), and emotional exhaustion (52.2% vs. 43.9%, χ2 = 6.789, p = 0.034) were significantly higher among the repeat test-taking students. Satisfaction with previous mock tests, depression, and anxiety were the associated factors of burnout in all three samples. Based on the present study, it can be concluded that the university entrance test appearing students are highly prevalent to burnout, and the rate increases with academic non-achievement. As the first study assessing burnout to the population, the findings are anticipated to be helpful for policymaking and further studies both inside and outside Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ismail Hosen
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firoj al Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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18
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Faruk MO, Mamun MA, Siddique AB, Griffiths MD. Risk Factors for Depression and Anxiety Disorders Among Bangladeshi Dental Students: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00603-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDental students are highly prone to mental health suffering due to the stressors related to their educational, academic, and clinical environment. However, there are no previous studies that evaluated the mental health problems among dental students in Bangladesh. Therefore, the present study assessed the prevalence of depression and anxiety and its covariates. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among the students of five (out of a total of nine) Bangladeshi public dental institutes. The survey included the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, and questions relating to sociodemographic factors, personal suffering, and family mental health history. Results indicated that the prevalence rates for moderate to severe depression and anxiety were 27.4% and 18.2%, respectively. The risk factors for depression and anxiety were being female, coming from city areas, having past-year psychological and physical suffering, having past-year traumatic events, and having a family history of mental illness, as well as a range of suicide-related behaviors. The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety in the present study were relatively lower than other dental student cohorts residing outside Bangladesh. Further investigations are suggested based on the limitations and strengths of the present study.
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19
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Mamun MA. The first COVID-19 triadic (homicide!)-suicide pact: Do economic distress, disability, sickness, and treatment negligence matter? Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1528-1531. [PMID: 33241581 PMCID: PMC7753460 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dyadic suicide-pact is rare but possible incidence in the COVID-19 time. No prior evidences available on triadic suicide-pact, which is presented herein for the first-time. CASE PRESENTATION An Indian family consisting of three members, committed suicide. There is no evidence of homicide-suicide, which suggests the cases to be mutual suicide-pact. However, the suicide risk factors can be evidently noted as (i) economic distress, (ii) feeling burden of disability and sick people, and (iii) being stubborn as of not getting hospital treatment. Poisoning is reported for the suicide method; besides, the victims left a suicide note. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The present case highlights the possibilities of further suicide-pacts in economically unprivileged family, whereas having disabled and/or sick people may add extra burdens in taking such extreme decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Mamun
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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20
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Sakib N, Islam M, Al Habib MS, Bhuiyan AKMI, Alam MM, Tasneem N, Hossain M, Islam SMS, Griffiths MD, Mamun MA. Depression and suicidality among Bangladeshi students: Subject selection reasons and learning environment as potential risk factors. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1150-1162. [PMID: 33135191 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the role of subject-selection reasons and learning environment factors in students' depression and suicidality. DESIGN AND METHODS This study surveyed 960 students from five different Bangladeshi universities using questions concerning socio-demographics, lifestyles, subject-selection reasons, learning and academic environment, suicidal behaviors, and the Bangla Patient Health Questionnaire. FINDINGS Approximately half of the participants were depressed (47.7%), and just over a quarter reported past-year suicidality (28.5%). Risk factors for both depression and suicidal behavior included not studying at their desired institute, selecting subjects based on future career prospects (rather than choosing what they want to study), not having a study-friendly and research-friendly environment, and unsupportive teachers. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The findings will help in formulating policies for educational institutions as well as providing benchmark data for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmuj Sakib
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Microbiology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Merajul Islam
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Syeed Al Habib
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - A K M Israfil Bhuiyan
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahbub Alam
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Noshin Tasneem
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Moazzem Hossain
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mohammed A Mamun
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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21
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Graduate Students’ Behavioral Intention towards Social Entrepreneurship: Role of Social Vision, Innovativeness, Social Proactiveness, and Risk Taking. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13116386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In prior studies, several researchers have adopted entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in determining students’ intention toward entrepreneurship, although the application of EO is scant in determining intention toward social entrepreneurship in existing literature. Hence, in consideration of this research gap, the current study empirically examines the influence of the dimensions of social entrepreneurial orientation (SEO): social vision, social proactiveness, innovativeness, and risk-taking motive on graduate students’ entrepreneurial intention toward social entrepreneurship-based business start-up. An online-based survey method was used to collect data from a sample of 465 students purposively who were studying at different universities in Bangladesh. A PLS-based SEM was applied to analyze the data and examined the proposed relationships in the conceptual model. The findings reveal that Graduate students’ social proactiveness, innovativeness, and risk-taking motive significantly affect their social entrepreneurial intention. However, students’ social vision does not have direct influence but has indirect influence on social entrepreneurial intention through their social entrepreneurial attitudes. The research contributes to the body of knowledge in the existing social entrepreneurship literature as well as provides practical implications for the policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders working toward flourishing of social-based entrepreneurship, venture, and start-up.
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22
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Huda MN, Billah M, Sharmin S, Amanullah ASM, Hossin MZ. Associations between family social circumstances and psychological distress among the university students of Bangladesh: To what extent do the lifestyle factors mediate? BMC Psychol 2021; 9:80. [PMID: 33993887 PMCID: PMC8126148 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00587-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While there is a growing body of empirical studies focusing on the social and behavioral predictors of psychological health, the mechanisms that may underlie the reported associations have not been adequately explored. This study aimed to examine the association of social and lifestyle factors with psychological distress, and the potential mediating role of the lifestyle factors in the estimated associations between social circumstances and psychological distress. Methods A total of 742 tertiary level students (53% females) from a range of socio-economic backgrounds and multiple educational institutions participated in this cross-sectional study. The 12-items General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was utilized for measuring psychological distress. Data related to students’ socio-demographic characteristics, family social circumstances, and lifestyle factors were also collected. Modified Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate the risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The multivariable regression analysis suggests heightened risks of psychological distress associated with low parental Socio-Economic Position (SEP) (RR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.76), childhood poverty (RR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.55), and living away from the family (RR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.54). Among the lifestyle factors, past smoking, physical inactivity, inadequate fruit intake, and poor sleep quality were strongly associated with psychological distress and these associations persisted when the family social circumstances and lifestyle factors were mutually adjusted for. The lifestyle factors did not considerably mediate the estimated associations between family social circumstances and psychological distress. Conclusion The social and lifestyle factors operated independently to increase students’ risk of psychological distress. Accordingly, while promoting students’ healthy lifestyles may reduce the overall burden of psychological distress, any equity initiative aiming to minimize the social inequalities in psychological health should be targeted to improving the living conditions in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nazmul Huda
- School of Population Health, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,School of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Masum Billah
- Department of Sociology, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sonia Sharmin
- Research and Evaluation, Take Two, Berry Street, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Occupational Therapy and Social Work and Social Policy, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A S M Amanullah
- Department of Sociology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Zakir Hossin
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Tomtebodavägen 18, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of General Education, Eastern University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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23
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Ali M, Uddin Z, Ahsan NF, Haque MZ, Bairagee M, Khan SA, Hossain A. Prevalence of mental health symptoms and its effect on insomnia among healthcare workers who attended hospitals during COVID-19 pandemic: A survey in Dhaka city. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06985. [PMID: 34027184 PMCID: PMC8120937 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, the high workload, risk of infection, and safety issues for family members may pose a threat to the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs) working in hospital settings. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms were among HCWs, as well as the factors related to these mental health issues. Methods We conducted an online survey of HCWs employed in Dhaka city from June 6 to July 6, 2020. Symptoms of anxiety, depression, and insomnia were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder, the depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire, and the Insomnia Severity Index, respectively. The related factors of anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms were identified using three regression models. Results This research included responses from 294 HCWs (mean ± standard deviation age: 28.86 ± 5.5 years; 43.5% were female). Anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms were found in 20.7%, 26.5%, and 44.2% of HCWs, respectively. The variable financial difficulties was commonly found as an associated factor for anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms. Female HCWs were more prone to mental health symptoms and insomnia compared to male HCWs (Adjusted odds ratio- AOR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.27-3.79). The depression symptoms among HCWs were found to be a factor for insomnia (AOR = 6.321, 95% CI = 3.158-12.650). Conclusion In the current pandemic, the high prevalence of mental health symptoms among HCWs indicates that this occupational group being associated with increased mental distress. Increasing financial support for HCWs and providing support to female workers in care facilities could help to alleviate the burden of mental illness. Supportive, training, and educational strategies, particularly through knowledge and communication platforms, could be recommended to the care facilities, which can reduce the burden of mental health symptoms among HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Uttara Adhunik Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh.,Hasna Hena Pain, Physiotherapy and Public Health Research Center (HPRC), Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh.,NSU Global Health Institute, Basundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Zakir Uddin
- Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Bangladesh
| | | | - Muhammad Zahirul Haque
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Basundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Monisha Bairagee
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Basundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ahmed Hossain
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Basundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.,NSU Global Health Institute, Basundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
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24
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Ali M, Uddin Z, Hossain A. Economic stressors and mental health symptoms among Bangladeshi rehabilitation professionals: A cross-sectional study amid COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06715. [PMID: 33898834 PMCID: PMC8056424 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health symptoms are considered a public health concern by many professionals and are frequently impacted by factors related to occupation, employment opportunities, and economic stressors. This study investigated the relationship between economic stressors and mental health symptoms among Bangladeshi rehabilitation professionals. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 420 rehabilitation professionals between July 2020 and October 2020. Economic stressors were measured using Economic Hardship Questionnaire, Financial Threat Scale, and Financial Well-Being Scale. Mental health symptoms were measured using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to find associated factors on mental health problems after adjusting confounders. RESULTS Among 420 rehabilitation professionals 62.1% were male, 38.6% were post-graduated and 75% were in practice. The overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 51.0%, 58.6%, and 33.6%, respectively. The multivariable regression analysis indicated that without a high professional degree, lack of opportunity to practice, and loss of income were the associated factors for mental health symptoms. The modelling of the structural equation showed that financial threat is significantly associated with mental health symptoms. CONCLUSION During the era of COVID-19, a high prevalence of mental health symptoms was observed among rehabilitation professionals. To minimize the burden of mental health, we recommend that all rehabilitation organizations and the government come together to create equal opportunities to practice and enable individuals to obtain high professional degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Uttara Adhunik Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Hasna Hena Pain, Physiotherapy and Public Health Research Center (HPRC), Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Zakir Uddin
- Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Mirpur, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Hossain
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Basundhara, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
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Kundu S, Bakchi J, Al Banna MH, Sayeed A, Hasan MT, Abid MT, Ghosh S, Sarker N, Islam Khan MS. Depressive symptoms associated with loneliness and physical activities among graduate university students in Bangladesh: findings from a cross-sectional pilot study. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06401. [PMID: 33748473 PMCID: PMC7969900 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In low-resource settings like Bangladesh, there is a dearth of research on the mental health of university students. This pilot study aimed to identify the prevalence of depressive symptoms, loneliness, and physical activities as well as the associated factors of depressive symptoms among graduate students in a public university of Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 323 graduate students between February 2019 and May 2019. By the convenience sampling technique, data were collected by a pretested, structured questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the validated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) tool with a cut-off score of ≥10 vs. less; University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) loneliness scale was applied to assess loneliness, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) scale was used to measure physical activity level. The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 52% and about 43% of participants felt most lonely. About 32.8% of students were involved in low physical activity. Being female, from lower income families, having poor academic performance, experiencing shorter sleep time, lower physical activity, and being lonely were potential risk factors for depressive symptoms among graduate university students. A positive correlation was found between loneliness and depressive symptoms of students (r = 0.367, p < 0.001). The higher prevalence of depressive symptoms among Bangladeshi graduate university students suggests the need for situation analysis, confirmatory clinical diagnosis, in-depth qualitative explorations, and large-scale surveys to explore the burden of such disorders and design appropriate low-intensity interventions like implementing student counselling service, offering mental assistance or other mental health support program in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Jhantu Bakchi
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hasan Al Banna
- Department of Food Microbiology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Sayeed
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology and Marketing, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - M Tasdik Hasan
- Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,Public Health Foundation, Bangladesh (PHF,BD), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Tazrian Abid
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Subarna Ghosh
- Department of Public Health Nutrition, Primeasia University, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Nobonita Sarker
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shafiqul Islam Khan
- Department of Food Microbiology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
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26
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The Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic and the Well-Being of Polish Students: The Risk Factors of the Emotional Distress during COVID-19 Lockdown. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10050944. [PMID: 33804368 PMCID: PMC7957694 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a significant impact on both physical and mental health. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to (1) evaluate depression, anxiety, and stress levels among students from Polish universities during the first weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) assess the risk factors of the higher intensity of emotional distress. We conducted an online survey using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) to assess well-being. The study included 2172 respondents (73% female, 27% male) with a mean age of 22.1 ± 2.2. Moderate to extremely severe scores of depression, anxiety, and stress were reported by 43.4%, 27.3%, and 41.0% of the respondents, respectively. Higher scores of DASS-21 were related to female sex (odds ratio (OR) = 3.01), studying sciences (OR = 2.04), co-residence with the roommates (OR = 1.25), suffering from a mental disorder (OR = 5.88), loneliness (OR = 293.30), the usage of psychiatric support before pandemic (OR = 8.06), poor economic situation (OR = 13.49), and the lower scores were found for being currently employed (OR = 0.4). This study highlights an urgent need for (1) crisis-oriented psychological and psychiatric support for students during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) preparing appropriate psychological interventions to improve the mental health of students for a possible similar situation in the future.
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27
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Nisar QA, Haider S, Ali F, Naz S, Ryu K. Depletion of psychological, financial, and social resources in the hospitality sector during the pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT 2021; 93:102794. [PMID: 33519016 PMCID: PMC7833097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study details how psychological, financial, and social factors shape employee deviant interpersonal behaviors during a pandemic. Data were collected with a survey of 372 front-line employees of hotels and analyzed with PLS-SEM. The findings showed social disconnectedness and perceived risk of unemployment leads to perceived isolation, which further creates depression in employees. The findings also showed that depression is positively related to employee deviance. Financial strain is a major cause of perceived isolation, depression, and deviant behaviors among front-line employees. Results also proved that social support reduces fear of isolation, depression, and employee deviance. This study provides guidelines that hotels need to understand the psychological stance of employees and design policies to overcome employee perceived fears and psychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim Ali Nisar
- Faculty of Business and Management Sciences, The Superior College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Haider
- School of Business Management, University Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Faizan Ali
- School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of South Florida, Sarasota, FL, 34243, United States
| | - Shumaila Naz
- Faculty of Business and Management Sciences, The Superior College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kisang Ryu
- College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, South Korea
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28
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Mamun MA, Safiq MB, Hosen I, Al Mamun F. Suicidal Behavior and Flood Effects in Bangladesh: A Two-Site Interview Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:129-142. [PMID: 33469396 PMCID: PMC7812054 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s282965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bangladeshi flood survivors are reported with such higher mental disorders that are not ever observed in any other cohorts. Although there are a few studies that assessed mental disorders, suicide or suicidal behaviors are not investigated yet. Hence, the present study for the first time investigated suicidal behaviors and its relationship with socio-demographics, flood effects and psychopathology. Methods A cross-sectional interview study was carried out between November and December 2019, after 4/5 months of the flood occurrence. Two completely affected villages from two districts residing in two parts of the country were randomly selected (whereas Manikganj district was less affected by the recent flood compared to Kurigram), and a total of 348 flood survivors were interviewed (45.53 ± 14.85 years). Questions related to basic socio-demographics, flood effects, psychological impacts, and suicidal behaviors were asked in the interviews. Results In the total sample, 57.5% of flood survivors reported having suicidal ideation, whereas 5.7% and 2.0% madea suicide plan and suicide attempt, respectively. Within two study sites, participants belonging to Kurigram reported significantly higher suicidal ideation compared to Manikganj (84.8% vs 33.2%, χ2 = 94.475, p<0.001). Belonging to a lower-class family, having less education, and less earning members in the family, being affected severely by the flood, suffering from depression, anxiety, and PTSD, and experiencing financial threat, and economic hardship were suicidal behavior risk factors in the total sample. Conclusion Considering the present findings (ie, suicidality commensurately increases with flood effects), a multi-sectoral policy and its effective implementation should be adopted for alleviating the flood-related psychological burdens. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/WhOnKXpTDNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Mamun
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh (CHINTA Research Bangladesh), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mariam Binte Safiq
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh (CHINTA Research Bangladesh), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ismail Hosen
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh (CHINTA Research Bangladesh), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firoj Al Mamun
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh (CHINTA Research Bangladesh), Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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29
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Sultana MS, Khan AH, Hossain S, Islam T, Hasan MT, Ahmed HU, Li Z, Khan JAM. The Association Between Financial Hardship and Mental Health Difficulties Among Adult Wage Earners During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:635884. [PMID: 34616314 PMCID: PMC8488168 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.635884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has created several challenges including financial burdens that may result in mental health conditions. This study was undertaken to gauge mental health difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic and gain an insight into wage earners' mental health. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey. A t total of 707 individual Bangladeshi wage earners were enrolled between 20 and 30 May 2020. The questionnaire had sections on sociodemographic information, COVID-19 related questions, PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales. STATA version 14.1 program was used to carry out all the analyses. Results: The study revealed that 58.6 and 55.9% of the respondents had moderate to severe anxiety and depressive symptoms, respectively. The total monthly income was <30,000 BDT (353.73USD) and displayed increased odds of suffering from depressive symptoms (OR = 4.12; 95% CI: 2.68-6.34) and anxiety (OR = 3.31; 95% CI: 2.17-5.03). Participants who did not receive salary income, had no income source during the pandemic, had financial problems, and inadequate food supply and were more likely to suffer from anxiety and depressive symptoms (p ≤ 0.01). Perceiving the upcoming financial crisis as a stressor was a potential risk factor for anxiety (OR = 1.91; 95% CI:1.32-2.77) and depressive symptoms (OR = 1.50; 95% CI:1.04-2.16). Limitations: The online survey method used in this study limits the generalizability of the findings and self-reported answers might include selection and social desirability bias as a community-based survey was not possible during the pandemic. Conclusion: Wage earners in a low resource setting like Bangladesh require mental health attention and financial consideration to deal with mental health difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Sadia Sultana
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abid Hasan Khan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sahadat Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Public Health Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tauhidul Islam
- Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - M Tasdik Hasan
- Public Health Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Helal Uddin Ahmed
- National Institute of Mental Health, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jahangir A M Khan
- Health Economics and Policy Unit, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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30
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Mamun MA, Syed NK, Griffiths MD. Indian celebrity suicides before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and their associated risk factors: Evidence from media reports. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 131:177-179. [PMID: 32979693 PMCID: PMC7477604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nabeel Kashan Syed
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, Nottingham, Trent University, United Kingdom
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31
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Mamun MA, Bhuiyan AKMI, Manzar MD. The first COVID-19 infanticide-suicide case: Financial crisis and fear of COVID-19 infection are the causative factors. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 54:102365. [PMID: 33271687 PMCID: PMC7455108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global suicide occurrences have been aggravated because of COVID-19 crisis-related issues such as fear of infection, the financial crisis, being infected with COVID-19, loneliness, social boycott, etc. Although two studies reported about the seven dyadic suicidality cases (i.e., suicide pacts), child homicide-suicide has not been studied. CASE PRESENTATION On 14 May, two dead bodies (i.e., a 30-years old Indian woman and her six-month-old baby) were found in a Riyadh apartment complex. The perpetrator (a person who kills the others and later commits suicide) - a trained nurse, was in search of a job. The woman's husband was recently retrenched from his technician job at a company in Madinah Airport. Her husband was admitted to a hospital with symptoms related to the COVID-19 infection four days before the suicide incidence. The 70-year-old mother-in-law alerted the neighbors after finding that the apartment is locked from inside and there was no response on knocking the doors. After this, the neighbors gathered and called the police. Police found two dead-bodies after opening the flat and suspected that the child was killed before the woman committed suicide. CONCLUSIONS Based on the present findings, further child filicide-suicide possibilities in families with economically distressed and/or positive COVID-19 status are expected. Hence, proper financial supports, providing authentic information (COVID-19), and mental health promotional strategies are suggested for decreasing incidences of COVID-19 related infanticide-suicide cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Mamun
- Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Md Dilshad Manzar
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia.
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32
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Mamun MA, Akter T, Zohra F, Sakib N, Bhuiyan AI, Banik PC, Muhit M. Prevalence and risk factors of COVID-19 suicidal behavior in Bangladeshi population: are healthcare professionals at greater risk? Heliyon 2020; 6:e05259. [PMID: 33072926 PMCID: PMC7554485 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current COVID-19 researches suggest that both general population and health-care providers (HCPs) are at risk of elevated psychological sufferings including suicidality. However, suicidality has not been addressed properly, although mental health problems are studied globally. Besides, the extreme fear of COVID-19 infection is being existed among the Bangladeshi HCPs, that is reported by a recent patients' suicide because of HCPs treatment negligence. METHODS A web-based cross-sectional study was administered through the social media platforms. A total 3,388 respondents took part in the survey (mean age 30.1 ± 6.4 years) among them 834 were frontline HCPs (30.7 ± 5.6 years). The measures included socio-demographics, PPE-related and patient-care related information and a question concerned with the COVID-19 suicidal behavior. RESULTS About 6.1% of the total participants had suicidal behavior, with no detectable differences within the groups (i.e., general population and HCPs). Regression analysis showed that being female, being divorced, and having no child were emerged as independent predictors for suicidality. There was no significant association between the PPE-related or patient-care related variables and suicidal behavior of the HCPs. Majority of the participants sometimes had fear of death although no significant relation of the factor was found with suicidality. LIMITATIONS The study can be limited because of its nature (i.e., cross-sectional self-reporting online survey) and not considering non-COVID-19 related suicide risk factors etc. CONCLUSIONS The present findings identified the substantial proportion of the HCPs and general population had COVID 19 related suicidal behavior. It can be used to advocate a large-scale suicide safety plan using a multidisciplinary approach herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Mamun
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tahmina Akter
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Epidemiology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fatematuz Zohra
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of One Health, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Najmuj Sakib
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Microbiology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - A.K.M. Israfil Bhuiyan
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Palash Chandra Banik
- Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Muhit
- CSF Global, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Asian Institute of Disability and Development, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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33
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Mojtahedi D, Dagnall N, Denovan A, Clough P, Hull S, Canning D, Lilley C, Papageorgiou KA. The Relationship Between Mental Toughness, Job Loss, and Mental Health Issues During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:607246. [PMID: 33613333 PMCID: PMC7886783 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.607246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Concerns toward public well-being and mental health are increasing considering the COVID-19 pandemic's global societal and individual impact. The present study builds on the current body of COVID-19 literature by examining the role of mental toughness (MT) in predicting negative affective states (depression, anxiety and stress) during the pandemic. The study also examined the effects of changes in employment on mental health and MT. Participants (N = 723) completed a battery of questionnaires including the Mental Toughness Questionnaire 48-item, The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 items. Participants reported relatively higher levels of depression, stress and anxiety in comparison to pre-COVID-19 samples from previous research, with respondents who had lost their jobs during the pandemic reporting higher levels of negative affective states. Despite this, mentally tough individuals appeared to report lower levels of depression, anxiety and stress. Moreover, moderation analyses identified some interaction between MT and employment status when predicting depression, anxiety and stress. Our findings suggest that MT may have some utility in reducing the adverse mental health effects of the pandemic on individuals, however, further longitudinal research is needed to support these implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Mojtahedi
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognition and Neuroscience, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Dagnall
- Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Denovan
- Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Clough
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognition and Neuroscience, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Hull
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognition and Neuroscience, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Derry Canning
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognition and Neuroscience, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Lilley
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognition and Neuroscience, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
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