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Guo Y, Cai S, Liang F. The prevalence of cyberbullying and the association between cyberbullying emotional exhaustion and perception of collective efficacy among Chinese college students. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:145-151. [PMID: 38945406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE With the rapid development of information and communications technology, the prevalence of cyberbullying and its influences on mental health among college students have received increasing attention. The purpose of this study was to survey the prevalence of cyberbullying in Chinese college students and to investigate the association between cyberbullying, emotional exhaustion and the perception of collective efficacy. METHODS The study sample included 5315 respondents from ten different colleges in Liaoning Province. Their demographic characteristics and characteristics of online behaviors and instruments including a Cyberbullying Scale with 12 items, the Emotional Exhaustion measuring scale, and the Perception of Collective Efficacy Scale, were employed. RESULTS The prevalence of cyberbullying victimization was 26.45 % (1406/5315). Younger male college students who had more active online lives were more likely to be cyberbullying victims. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that being a cyberbullying victim (odds ratio, OR = 2.188; 95%CI, 1.841-2.600, p < 0.001) was associated with emotional exhaustion. Perceptions of collective efficacy (PCE) is negatively associated with cyberbullying and, thus, alleviate emotional exhaustion and mediate the negative effect of emotional exhaustion after it occurs. CONCLUSION Cyberbullying occurs quite frequently among Chinese college students. Cyberbullying is a predictor of emotional exhaustion. PCE play a bidirectional role before and after cyberbullying occurs. Our study highlights the importance of the identification of potential cyberbullying victims and of the provision of early interventions in cyberbullying among Chinese college students to improve their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqi Guo
- College of Marxism, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - ShiKui Cai
- College of Marxism, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
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Xu RH, Chen C. Moderating Effect of Coping Strategies on the Association Between the Infodemic-Driven Overuse of Health Care Services and Cyberchondria and Anxiety: Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling Study. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e53417. [PMID: 38593427 DOI: 10.2196/53417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a substantial increase in health information, which has, in turn, caused a significant rise in cyberchondria and anxiety among individuals who search for web-based medical information. To cope with this information overload and safeguard their mental well-being, individuals may adopt various strategies. However, the effectiveness of these strategies in mitigating the negative effects of information overload and promoting overall well-being remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the moderating effect of coping strategies on the relationship between the infodemic-driven misuse of health care and depression and cyberchondria. The findings could add a new dimension to our understanding of the psychological impacts of the infodemic, especially in the context of a global health crisis, and the moderating effect of different coping strategies on the relationship between the overuse of health care and cyberchondria and anxiety. METHODS The data used in this study were obtained from a cross-sectional web-based survey. A professional survey company was contracted to collect the data using its web-based panel. The survey was completed by Chinese individuals aged 18 years or older without cognitive problems. Model parameters of the relationships between infodemic-driven overuse of health care, cyberchondria, and anxiety were analyzed using bootstrapped partial least squares structural equation modeling. Additionally, the moderating effects of coping strategies on the aforementioned relationships were also examined. RESULTS A total of 986 respondents completed the web-based survey. The mean scores of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Cyberchondria Severity Scale-12 were 8.4 (SD 3.8) and 39.7 (SD 7.5), respectively. The mean score of problem-focused coping was higher than those of emotion- and avoidant-focused coping. There was a significantly positive relationship between a high level of infodemic and increased overuse of health care (bootstrapped mean 0.21, SD 0.03; 95% CI 0.1581-0.271). The overuse of health care resulted in more severe cyberchondria (bootstrapped mean 0.107, SD 0.032) and higher anxiety levels (bootstrapped mean 0.282, SD 0.032) in all the models. Emotion (bootstrapped mean 0.02, SD 0.008 and 0.037, SD 0.015)- and avoidant (bootstrapped mean 0.026, SD 0.009 and 0.049, SD 0.016)-focused coping strategies significantly moderated the relationship between the overuse of health care and cyberchondria and that between the overuse of health care and anxiety, respectively. Regarding the problem-based model, the moderating effect was significant for the relationship between the overuse of health care and anxiety (bootstrapped mean 0.007, SD 0.011; 95% CI 0.005-0.027). CONCLUSIONS This study provides empirical evidence about the impact of coping strategies on the relationship between infodemic-related overuse of health care services and cyberchondria and anxiety. Future research can build on the findings of this study to further explore these relationships and develop and test interventions aimed at mitigating the negative impact of the infodemic on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Huan Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Caiyun Chen
- Nanjing Academy of Administration, Nanjing, China
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Huang N, Zhang S, Mu Y, Yu Y, Riem MME, Guo J. Does the COVID-19 Pandemic Increase or Decrease the Global Cyberbullying Behaviors? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:1018-1035. [PMID: 37177992 PMCID: PMC10185480 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231171185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Although cyberbullying is an emerging public health problem, it is unclear how the COVID-19 pandemic affects cyberbullying. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on cyberbullying, to estimate the global cyberbullying prevalence and to explore factors related to cyberbullying during the COVID-19 pandemic. We searched the Medline, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Eric, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, Chinese CNKI, and EBSCO databases to identify relevant empirical studies published between 2019 and 2022. A total of 36 studies were included. Quality assessment, meta-analyses, and subgroup analyses were conducted. The pooled prevalences were 16% for overall cyberbullying, 18% for victimization and 11% for perpetration during the COVID-19 pandemic, which were lower than before the COVID-19 pandemic. The pooled prevalence of postpandemic cyberbullying perpetration is lower in children than in adults. In addition, both virus- and lockdown-related stressors were the main factors contributing to cyberbullying. The COVID-19 crisis may reduce cyberbullying, and the pooled prevalence of cyberbullying during the pandemic in adults is higher than in children and adolescents. In addition, the transient-enduring factor model of postpandemic cyberbullying built in this review could help identify people at high risk of cyberbullying during public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yakun Mu
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yebo Yu
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Madelon M. E. Riem
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud
University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Jing Guo
- Peking University, Beijing, China
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Wang X, Wang Y. Association between digital engagement and urban-rural disparities in Chinese women's depressive symptoms: A national-level cross-sectional study. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241239246. [PMID: 38577314 PMCID: PMC10993679 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241239246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to investigate the impact of digital engagement on urban-rural disparities in depressive symptoms among Chinese women. Methods Using a dataset from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) wave 2020, this study analyzes the impact of digital engagement on the urban-rural disparity in women's depressive symptoms using multiple linear regression and recentered influence function (RIF) models. Furthermore, the extent to which digital engagement affects the urban-rural disparity in women's depressive symptoms was calculated using the RIF decomposition method. Results Analysis showed that rural women had significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms compared to urban women; digital engagement significantly reduced women's depressive symptoms levels and mitigated the urban-rural disparity for women with moderate to high levels of depressive symptoms, and the mitigating effect was stronger for the highly depressed sample, but still widened the urban-rural disparity in women's depressive symptoms overall. In addition, the results of the RIF decomposition showed that digital engagement explained 28.28% of the urban-rural disparity in women's depressive symptoms. Conclusion There is a significant disparity in depressive symptoms levels between urban and rural women in China. Digital engagement reduces women's depressive symptoms, but it also widens the depressive symptoms disparity between urban and rural women overall. Digital engagement is potentially positive for reducing women's depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Wang
- Faculty of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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5
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Lee M, Park IY, Park M, Tran PK, Cozier YC, Hahm HC. COVID-19-Related Racial Discrimination during Lockdown and Its Impact on Asian American Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6546. [PMID: 37623132 PMCID: PMC10454441 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20166546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
During the lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic, Asian American (AA) women have experienced a surge in anti-Asian hate crimes and racial discrimination, and a majority of studies have quantitatively shown the negative impact of these incidents on Asian Americans' well-being. Our research expands on the existing literature by qualitatively investigating types of COVID-19-related racial discrimination during lockdown and its impacts on changes in emotions, behaviors, well-being, and racial identity development among AA women. This study covered two timepoints (December 2019 to May 2020) and the data were collected using an open-ended survey with 40 AA women. Thematic analysis identified core themes related to types of racial discrimination, emotional and behavioral changes, and racial identity status that emerged due to COVID-19-related racial discrimination experiences. The findings shed light on the long-lasting impacts of racial discrimination on AA women's overall well-being and dynamic development of racial identity. Altogether, our findings underscore the need for systematic forms of advocacy to combat anti-Asian racism and call for solidarity for AA women's well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Lee
- Department of Social Work, College of Community and Public Affairs, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA;
| | - In Young Park
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Boston, MA 02467, USA;
| | - Michael Park
- School of Social Work, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Phuong Khanh Tran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Yvette C. Cozier
- School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
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6
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Tran HGN, Thai TT, Dang NTT, Vo DK, Duong MHT. Cyber-Victimization and Its Effect on Depression in Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:1124-1139. [PMID: 34689637 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211050597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The difference in participants' characteristics between samples and the inconsistency in the methodology have led to variability in both direction and magnitude of association between cyber-victimization and depression in adolescents. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the relationship between cyber-victimization and depression in adolescents. Primary studies on cyber-victimization and depression among adolescents (10-19 years of age based on WHO definition) on PubMed and EMBASE databases were included. The forward and backward snowballing searching method was also used to explore more publications. The main effect estimate extracted from eligible studies was the odds ratio which was synthesized based on the random-effect model. The protocol of this study was prospectively registered on PROSPERO database (registration number: CRD42020185700). Among 1,008 research articles identified, 17 were eligible which comprised a total sample of 79,202 adolescents. The odds of depression among cyber-victims was almost three-fold higher (OR = 2.73; 95% CI 2.25-3.31) compared to non-cyber-victims. The overall effect estimate remained positive irrespective of differences in sample and method characteristics (study location, female percentage, sampling procedures, the use of single vs. multiple items, and elaboration of cyber-bullying definition). The presence of traditional bullying items was found to be important moderator of this relationship. However, none of the anticipated moderators had a clear impact on this relationship. Moreover, absence of publication bias was confirmed. This study confirms findings from the literature about the significant association between cyber-victimization and depression in adolescents across settings and populations. More efforts should be made to address this issue rigorously and to a greater extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Giang Nguyen Tran
- Training and Scientific Research Department, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Truc Thanh Thai
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngan Thien Thi Dang
- Center of Direction of Healthcare Activity, 249325Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Duy Kim Vo
- Long Dien District Medical Center, Ba Ria Vung Tau, Vietnam
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Wu Q, Zhang TM. Association between self-compassion and cyber aggression in the COVID-19 context: roles of attribution and public stigma. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:66. [PMID: 36899411 PMCID: PMC9999325 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-compassion is negatively associated with aggressive behaviors. However, the association between self-compassion and cyber aggression toward stigmatized people (e.g., people infected with COVID-19) has not been investigated in the COVID-19 context and the mechanism underlying this association remains underexplored. On the basis of emotion regulation theory and attribution theory, this study examined the indirect effects of self-compassion on cyber aggression toward people infected with COVID-19 through attribution and public stigma of COVID-19. Data were collected from 1162 Chinese college students (415 male, mean age = 21.61 years). Participants completed an online questionnaire including measurement of the key variables and basic demographic information. Results indicated that self-compassion was negatively associated with cyber aggression through the lower attribution of COVID-19 and lower public stigma of COVID-19. A sequential pathway from the attribution of COVID-19 to public stigma of COVID-19 was identified in the relationship between self-compassion and cyber aggression. Our findings are consistent with emotion regulation theory and attribution theory, which posit that emotion regulation strategies are associated with interpersonal mistreatment through cognitive pathways. These findings suggest that emotional self-regulation strategies can be used to reduce cyber aggression toward stigmatized people by reducing attribution and public stigma in the COVID-19 context. Self-compassion improvement could be target for the interventions aiming at alleviating public stigma and interpersonal mistreatment toward stigmatized people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglu Wu
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tian-Ming Zhang
- Department of Social Work, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, BaoShan District, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Zirui M, Bin G. A Privacy-Preserved and User Self-Governance Blockchain-Based Framework to Combat COVID-19 Depression in Social Media. IEEE ACCESS 2023; 11:35255-35280. [DOI: 10.1109/access.2023.3264598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ma Zirui
- Department of Electronic Business, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gu Bin
- Department of Electronic Business, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Peker A, Yalçın RÜ. Resilience levels of Turkish adolescents cyber-victims in social networking sites: The mediation roles of cyberbullying and active coping. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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10
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Fredrick SS, Coyle S, King J. Middle and high school teachers' perceptions of cyberbullying prevention and digital citizenship. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie S. Fredrick
- Alberti Center for Bullying Abuse Prevention University at Buffalo, SUNY Buffalo New York USA
| | - Samantha Coyle
- Department of Psychology Montclair State University Montclair New Jersey USA
| | - Jay'ana King
- Alberti Center for Bullying Abuse Prevention University at Buffalo, SUNY Buffalo New York USA
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Lian Y, Zhou Y, Lian X, Dong X. Cyber violence caused by the disclosure of route information during the COVID-19 pandemic. HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 9:417. [PMID: 36466702 PMCID: PMC9702928 DOI: 10.1057/s41599-022-01450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Disclosure of patients' travel route information by government departments has been an effective and indispensable pandemic prevention and control measure during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this measure may make patients susceptible to cyber violence (CV). We selected 13 real cases that occurred in China during the COVID-19 pandemic for analysis. We identified several characteristics that commonly appeared due to route information, such as rumors about and moral condemnation of patients, and determined that patients who are the first locally confirmed cases of a particular wave of the pandemic are more likely to be the victims of CV. We then analyzed and compared six real cases using data mining and network analysis approaches. We found that disclosing travel route information increases the risk of exposing patients to CV, especially those who violate infection prevention regulations. In terms of disseminating information, we found that mainstream media and influential we-media play an essential role. Based on the findings, we summarized the formation mechanism of route information disclosure-caused CV and proposed three practical suggestions-namely, promote the publicity of the media field with the help of mainstream media and influential we-media, optimize the route information collection and disclosure system, and ease public anxiety about the COVID-19 pandemic. To our knowledge, this study is one of the first to focus on CV on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. We believe that our findings can help governments better carry out pandemic prevention and control measures on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lian
- School of Journalism, Communication University of China, No.1 Dingfuzhuang East Street, 100024 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueting Zhou
- School of Journalism, Communication University of China, No.1 Dingfuzhuang East Street, 100024 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueying Lian
- College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, 100124 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefan Dong
- College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, 100124 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research Base of Beijing Modern Manufacturing Development, Beijing University of Technology, 100124 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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12
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David AB, Park CL, Awao S, Vega S, Zuckerman MS, White TF, Hanna D. Religiousness in the first year of COVID-19: A systematic review of empirical research. CURRENT RESEARCH IN ECOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 4:100075. [PMID: 36447517 PMCID: PMC9694412 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic emerged suddenly in early 2020, posing a serious health threat and creating tremendous stress and distress across the world. Religion has been shown to play important and varied roles in previous disasters and health crises, but its roles in the pandemic have yet to be outlined. We aimed to summarize the research conducted on religion and COVID-19 in the first year of the pandemic with a systematic review of studies that specifically involved individual-level religiousness and COVID-19. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO covering a one-year period from the first published mention of the novel coronavirus (Jan. 5, 2020) through January 4, 2021. We included articles about COVID-19 that were peer-reviewed and empirical, measured and reported results on religion on an individual level, and were available in English. Our search produced 137 empirical articles that met the inclusion criteria. In the course of sorting studies by their primary focus, eight categories of empirical findings emerged: general distress and wellbeing (53 articles), COVID-19-specific stress (24 articles), beliefs in science, conspiracies, and misinformation (15 articles), COVID-19 public health behaviors (12 articles), perceived risk of COVID-19 (10 articles), perceived growth or positive changes taking place during the pandemic (nine articles), health behaviors (three articles), and consumer behavior (three articles). Findings indicated that religiousness was associated with both unique benefits and challenges and played a significant role in the pandemic. Religiousness was associated with a broad range of outcomes across geographical regions and populations during the first year of COVID-19. It was a commonly reported coping mechanism with varying levels of favorable associations with mental health and COVID-19-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B David
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Crystal L Park
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Sayaka Awao
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Solmary Vega
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Madison S Zuckerman
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - Tyler F White
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
| | - David Hanna
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd., Storrs, CT 06269, United States
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Jiang Q. College students' exercise experience and aggression during COVID-19: A chain mediating model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1020679. [PMID: 36467159 PMCID: PMC9709485 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1020679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to explore to how exercise experience affects the aggression of college students and the mediating effects of mood and exercise attitude in COVID-19. METHODS A questionnaire survey [The Subjective Exercise Experience Scale (SEES); Profile of Mood State (POMS); Exercise Attitude Scale; and Aggression Questionnaire (AQ)] was conducted among 1,006 college students. RESULTS Exercise experience had a significant effect on aggression. The direct effect of exercise well-being was not significant, but indirectly affected the aggression through independent mediation and chain mediation of mood and exercise attitude. The direct effect of exercise distress was not significant, but indirectly affected the aggression through independent mediation and chain mediation of mood and exercise attitude. CONCLUSION Mood and exercise attitude are powerful factors to alleviate the impact of exercise experience on aggression during the pandemic. Actively adjusting the mood and exercise attitude from a cognitive perspective may be an effective way to promote college students' physical exercise and reduce aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Police Academy, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan, China
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Cyberbullying research—Alignment to sustainable development and impact of COVID-19: Bibliometrics and science mapping analysis. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Morales-Arjona I, Pastor-Moreno G, Ruiz-Pérez I, Sordo L, Henares-Montiel J. Characterization of Cyberbullying Victimization and Perpetration Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:733-743. [PMID: 36125383 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyberbullying is an extremely damaging form of interpersonal violence. Little is yet known about cyberbullying behaviors in the child and youth population during the COVID-19 pandemic and what effect this reduction in face-to-face social interactions has had on an increase in socialization via the Internet and cyberbullying. The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in young people between the ages of 12 and 27 years attending two secondary schools in southern Spain (N = 733) to examine differences regarding sociodemographic characteristics, academic performance, and digital device use (independent variables) in the experiences of cybervictimization, cyberperpetration, and adverse psychological effects (dependent variables). Logistic regression models were constructed for each of the dependent variables including the independent variables mentioned above. More than 50 percent of the sample were victims of cyberbullying. Females and the LGBTIQ+ Community were at greater risk of being cybervictims and suffer adverse psychological effects. A total of 22.8 percent of the students reported having been victims and 26.5 percent perpetrators of cyberbullying for the first time during the COVID-19 pandemic, but no other major differences were observed. These findings point out that cyberbullying must be prioritized in public policy as part of an overall strategy for combating violence in childhood and adolescence, as well as gender-based and discriminatory violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Morales-Arjona
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel Ruiz-Pérez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Sordo
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Departamente de Salud Pública y Materno Infantil, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Henares-Montiel
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
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Coping resources mediate the prospective associations between disrupted daily routines and persistent psychiatric symptoms: A population-based cohort study. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 152:260-268. [PMID: 35753246 PMCID: PMC9127352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the mediating effects of coping resources in the prospective associations between daily routine disruptions in the acute phase of COVID-19 and persistent probable anxiety and depression. A prospective, population-representative cohort of 1318 Hong Kong Chinese respondents completed a baseline survey between February and July 2020 (T1) and a 1-year follow-up survey between March and August 2021 (T2). Respondents reported demographics and disruptions to primary and secondary daily routines at T1, coping resources (i.e., self-efficacy and meaning making) at T2, and anxiety and depressive symptoms at T1 and T2. We found that 8.1% and 10.0% of respondents reached cutoff scores for probable anxiety and depression respectively at both T1 and T2. Logistic regression showed that T1 daily routine disruptions were positively associated with heightened risk of persistent probable anxiety and depression amid COVID-19. Path analysis showed that 15.3% and 13.1% of the associations of daily routine disruptions with persistent probable anxiety and depression were explained by coping resources, respectively, while the direct routine-outcome associations remained significant. Daily routine disruptions predict higher odds of persistent probable anxiety and depression directly and partially through reducing coping resources. Sustainment of regular daily routines should be advocated and fostered to enhance coping resources and reduce the risk of poorer adjustment among the affected populations amid public health crises.
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He S, Yang F, Zhang H, Zhang S. Affective well-being of Chinese urban postpartum women: predictive effect of spousal support and maternal role adaptation. Arch Womens Ment Health 2022; 25:781-788. [PMID: 35652947 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-022-01240-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to shortage of childcare facilities while high social expectations for mothering, becoming a mother is a big life challenge for most women in urban China. The understandings on Chinese postpartum women's affective well-being and its relation with spousal support and maternal role adaptation remain limited. This study aims to investigate the affective well-being (including both positive and negative affect) of Chinese urban postpartum women and how it is associated with spousal support and maternal role adaptation. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shanghai, China, between June and July 2019. A total of 498 urban mothers whose babies were 0 to 1 year old participated in this survey. They completed the Postpartum Social Support Questionnaire (PSSQ), the Maternal Role Adaptation Scale, and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and reported socio-demographic information. Results showed that positive and negative affect of postpartum women were not significantly associated with each other. Positive affect had a positive correlation with spousal support and maternal role adaptation. Negative affect was negatively associated with maternal role adaptation, while not significantly associated with spousal support. Maternal role adaptation partially mediated the relationship between spousal support and positive affect of the participants, controlling for age, household income, education, birth order, and inter-generational support. The findings indicate that intervention programs towards mental health of postpartum women should focus more on positive affect cultivation; moreover, clinical services should help postpartum women to adapt to maternal role by encouraging new fathers' or partners' involvement in daily childcare-giving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan He
- School of Social Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Room 335, Xinjian Building, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Huimin Zhang
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Room 335, Xinjian Building, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Shumiao Zhang
- School of Social Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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Wirawan GBS, Hanipraja MA, Chrysanta G, Imtaza N, Ahmad KT, Marlina I, Mahendra D, Larosa AT. Anxiety and prior victimization predict online gender-based violence perpetration among Indonesian young adults during COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional study. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2022; 12:31. [PMID: 35818380 PMCID: PMC9261232 DOI: 10.1186/s41935-022-00292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most of human interactions moved to the cyberspace for much of the pandemic. It was no surprise that online violence was also on the rise. One of the objectives of this study was to describe the prevalence and risk factors of online gender-based violence (OGBV) perpetration during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results The final analysis included 1006 respondents, 84.2% of whom were women and 94.5% were heterosexual. Over 60% of respondents admitted having perpetrated at least one type of OGBV once. It included 58.6% of women who admitted having perpetrated OGBV. Logistic regression analysis identified anxiety, online disinhibition, and history of victimization as independent risk factors of perpetration with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.82 (95% CI 1.30–2.56), 1.38 (95% CI 1.03–1.85), and 9.72 (95% CI 5.11–18.51), respectively. Sub-group analysis that identified these factors also facilitated increased frequency and severity of OGBV perpetration. Conclusions We found a high proportion of OGBV perpetration among young adults during the pandemic among all genders although women were grossly overrepresented among the respondents. Risk factors of perpetration included anxiety, online disinhibition, and prior victimization. The pandemic situation which heightened general anxiety and increased dependency on online communication may facilitate the perpetration of OGBV. The generalization of this result should pay attention to the caveat that the demographic of respondents is heavily skewed toward women.
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Kaur M, Saini M. Indian government initiatives on cyberbullying: A case study on cyberbullying in Indian higher education institutions. EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 28:581-615. [PMID: 35814802 PMCID: PMC9251041 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the digitally empowered society, increased internet utilization leads to potential harm to the youth through cyberbullying on various social networking platforms. The cyberbullying stats keep on rising each year, leading to detrimental consequences. In response to this online threat, the Indian Government launched different helplines, especially for the children and women who need assistance, various complaint boxes, cyber cells, and made strict legal provisions to curb online offenses. This research evaluates the relevant initiatives. Additionally, a survey is conducted to get insights into cyberbullying in higher education institutions, discussing multiple factors responsible for youth and adolescents being cyberbullied and a few measures to combat it in universities/colleges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab India
| | - Munish Saini
- Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab India
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20
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Varela JJ, Hernández C, Berger C, Souza SB, Pacheco E. To ignore or not to ignore: The differential effect of coping mechanisms on depressive symptoms when facing adolescent cyberbullying. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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21
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Wei Z, Hu Y, Xiao J, Wang R, Huang Q, Peng Z, Hou G, Chen Q. Impacts of the psychological stress response on aggression in adolescents during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. JOURNAL OF PACIFIC RIM PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/18344909221102579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 has exerted a tremendous impact on the psyche of people around the world, especially adolescents. In order to provide a valuable theoretical basis for effective measures to prevent psychological problems in adolescents during public health emergencies in the future, this study examined the mediating effect of coping style (CS, including positive coping style (PCS) and negative coping style (NCS)) and the moderating effect of emotional management ability (EMA) on the relationship between the psychological stress response (PSR) and aggression (AGG) in adolescents during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. The Buss–Warren Aggression Questionnaire, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Emotion Management Questionnaire were employed to investigate the mental health of Chinese adolescents from April 10–20 (Time point 1, T1) and May 20–30 (Time point 2, T2), 2020. A total of 1,931 adolescents (aged 10–25 years, M = 19.18 years, 51.4% male) were examined at T1 and 334 adolescents (aged 11–25 years, M = 19.97 years, 48.7% male) were reinvestigated at T2. Overall, 17.6% of the participants at T1 and 16.8% at T2 reported obvious PSR activation. NCS partly mediated the relationship between the PSR and AGG, and the indirect effect was moderated by EMA reported at T2. There were regional differences in the moderated mediation model in low-risk areas at T1. The moderated effects of EMA at T1 and T2 were opposite. Specifically, high EMA resulted in a stronger relationship between NCS and AGG at T1, whereas high EMA resulted in a weaker relationship between NCS and AGG at T2. Psychological reactions resulting from sudden public health events may trigger AGG in younger individuals. However, EMA may have a buffering effect on the onset of AGG. This research expands our understanding of the development of AGG in adolescents during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wei
- Department of Child Psychiatry and Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Xiao
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruotong Wang
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianchu Huang
- Internatioanl Department, High School of South China Normal University, China
| | - Ziwen Peng
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gangqiang Hou
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Center for the Study of Applied Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science and School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Associations between Coping Strategies and Cyberhate Involvement: Evidence from Adolescents across Three World Regions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116749. [PMID: 35682330 PMCID: PMC9180730 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cyberhate represents a risk to adolescents' development and peaceful coexistence in democratic societies. Yet, not much is known about the relationship between adolescents' ability to cope with cyberhate and their cyberhate involvement. To fill current gaps in the literature and inform the development of media education programs, the present study investigated various coping strategies in a hypothetical cyberhate scenario as correlates for being cyberhate victims, perpetrators, and both victim-perpetrators. The sample consisted of 6829 adolescents aged 12-18 years old (Mage = 14.93, SD = 1.64; girls: 50.4%, boys: 48.9%, and 0.7% did not indicate their gender) from Asia, Europe, and North America. Results showed that adolescents who endorsed distal advice or endorsed technical coping showed a lower likelihood to be victims, perpetrators, or victim-perpetrators. In contrast, if adolescents felt helpless or endorsed retaliation to cope with cyberhate, they showed higher odds of being involved in cyberhate as victims, perpetrators, or victim-perpetrators. Finally, adolescents who endorsed close support as a coping strategy showed a lower likelihood to be victim-perpetrators, and adolescents who endorsed assertive coping showed higher odds of being victims. In conclusion, the results confirm the importance of addressing adolescents' ability to deal with cyberhate to develop more tailored prevention approaches. More specifically, such initiatives should focus on adolescents who feel helpless or feel inclined to retaliate. In addition, adolescents should be educated to practice distal advice and technical coping when experiencing cyberhate. Implications for the design and instruction of evidence-based cyberhate prevention (e.g., online educational games, virtual learning environments) will be discussed.
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Varela JJ, Hernández C, Miranda R, Barlett CP, Rodríguez-Rivas ME. Victims of Cyberbullying: Feeling Loneliness and Depression among Youth and Adult Chileans during the Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5886. [PMID: 35627423 PMCID: PMC9141340 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In Chile, during the COVID-19 pandemic, reports of cyberbullying victimization increased for adolescents and younger adults. Research has shown that cyber-victims-adolescents and young adults alike-are at greater risk for mental health problems such as depression as a result of this negative type of aggression. Yet, a paucity of research has examined the individual mechanisms germane to cyber-victim depression. We focused on loneliness for the current study. We hypothesized that cyber-victimization would be positively related to depressive symptoms through increased fears of loneliness and that this effect would differ between adolescents and younger adults. Thus, we examined a sample of 2370 participants from all main regions of Chile aged from 15 to 29 years. Moderated mediation results showed a negative effect of cyberbullying on depression, which was mediated by increased fears of being alone. The effect of frequency of cyberbullying on fear of loneliness was stronger for younger adults compared to adolescents. Our results suggest different mechanisms for both age groups, which can inform prevention programs and their specific activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J. Varela
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile;
| | - Cristóbal Hernández
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago 7941169, Chile;
- Instituto Milenio para la Investigación en Depresión y Personalidad, MIDAP, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Rafael Miranda
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Continental del Perú, Lima 12001, Peru;
| | - Christopher P. Barlett
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, NY 66506-5302, USA;
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24
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Dhungana Sainju K, Zaidi H, Mishra N, Kuffour A. Xenophobic Bullying and COVID-19: An Exploration Using Big Data and Qualitative Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084824. [PMID: 35457691 PMCID: PMC9024955 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Extant literature suggests that xenophobic bullying is intensified by isolated national or global events; however, the analysis of such occurrences is methodologically limited to the use of self-reported data. Examining disclosures of racist bullying episodes enables us to contextualize various perspectives that are shared online and generate insights on how COVID-19 has exacerbated the issue. Moreover, understanding the rationale and characteristics present in xenophobic bullying may have important implications for our social wellbeing, mental health, and inclusiveness as a global community both in the short and long term. This study employs a mixed-method approach using Big Data techniques as well as qualitative analysis of xenophobic bullying disclosures on Twitter following the spread of COVID-19. The data suggests that about half of the sample represented xenophobic bullying. The qualitative analysis also found that 64% of xenophobic bullying-related tweets referred to occasions that perpetuated racist stereotypes. Relatedly, the rationale for almost 75% of xenophobic bullying incidents was due to being Chinese or Asian. The findings of this study, coupled with anti-hate reports from around the world, are used to suggest multipronged policy interventions and considerations of how social media sites such as Twitter can be used to curb the spread of misinformation and xenophobic bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Dhungana Sainju
- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St. N., Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada; (H.Z.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Huda Zaidi
- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St. N., Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada; (H.Z.); (A.K.)
| | - Niti Mishra
- Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, 105 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E, Canada;
| | - Akosua Kuffour
- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St. N., Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada; (H.Z.); (A.K.)
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25
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Ma Z, Zhao F, Wang Y, Liu T, Chao N. Network Analysis of Time Use and Depressive Symptoms Among Emerging Adults: Findings From the Guizhou Population Health Cohort Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:809745. [PMID: 35432036 PMCID: PMC9010560 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.809745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, the relationship between diverse time use behaviors and depression status among emerging adults have not been disentangled in the literature. Therefore, if and how the time displacement mechanism activates depressive symptoms among emerging adults remains unclear. Methods To fill this gap in the literature, we employed a network analysis to make estimations. The emerging adult sample (N = 1,811) was collected by the Guizhou Population Health Cohort Study. Time use behaviors were measured by an adaption of the self-administered International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results The results revealed that the time displacement mechanism of emerging adults differed from that of adolescents. Sleep duration was not crowded out by other activities, while the time spent on computer use was found to be negatively related to time spent on heavy work activities. Moreover, computer use behavior triggered three depressive symptoms ("Anhedonia," "Guilt," and "Motor"), but inhibited "Suicide." The results of the directed acyclic graph revealed that females and heavy drinkers were at risk of depression. Limitations The study sample was confined to only one province, which may limit its generalizability. The cross-sectional design impeded the ability to draw causal inferences. Conclusion Our results enhance the current understanding of the internal mechanism of how time use behaviors influence depressive symptoms among emerging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Ma
- Computational Communication Collaboratory, School of Journalism and Communication, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fouxi Zhao
- Prevention and Control Institute for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Yiying Wang
- Prevention and Control Institute for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Prevention and Control Institute for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, China
| | - Naipeng Chao
- School of Media and Communications, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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26
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Yang F, Sun J, Li J, Lyu S. Coping strategies, stigmatizing attitude, and cyberbullying among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 lockdown. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022:1-9. [PMID: 35221634 PMCID: PMC8858645 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02874-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic provides hotbed for hatred and violence, which could be especially true among college students, the most active users of internet and social media. Based on a national sample of Chinese college students (N = 1,673), the present study aims to explore the clustered nature of stress coping strategies, as well as its associations with the participants' stigmatizing attitude and cyberbullying behaviors towards people in Hubei Province, the place where the first COVID-19 case was reported and recognized as China's epicenter of the pandemic. Four latent subgroups were first identified among the participants based on type and comparative adoption rate of their coping strategies, namely the emotional coping group, the inactive coping group, the support-seeking and positive coping group, and the independent and positive coping group. The significant associations between coping strategy patterns and stigmatizing attitude and cyberbullying behaviors were reported, respectively. The two were most likely to happen among the participants using emotional coping while the least likely among the independent and positive coping group. This study provides empirical supports for combating the secondary disasters of the pandemic, namely stigma and cyberbullying, by identifying the role of emotional and positive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Room 335, Xinjian building, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, China
- China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Health Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Room 335, Xinjian building, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Room 335, Xinjian building, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Shoujun Lyu
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Room 335, Xinjian building, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, China
- China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Health Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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27
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Shoib S, Philip S, Bista S, Saeed F, Javed S, Ori D, Bashir A, Chandradasa M. Cyber victimization during the COVID-19 pandemic: A syndemic looming large. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e528. [PMID: 35224224 PMCID: PMC8851571 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Shoib
- Department of PsychiatryJawahar Lal Nehru Memorial HospitalSrinagarIndia
| | | | - Seema Bista
- Division of Clinical and Translational ResearchLarkin Comminity Hospital SystemSouth MiamiFloridaUnited states
| | - Fahimeh Saeed
- Department of PsychiatryPsychosis Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation SciencesTehranIran
| | - Sana Javed
- Psychiatry UnitNishtar Medical UniversityMultanPakistan
| | - Dorottya Ori
- Department of Mental HealthHeim Pal National Pediatric Institute, and Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Adil Bashir
- Department of Social WorkKashmir UniversityKashmirIndia
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28
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Thai TT, Duong MHT, Vo DK, Dang NTT, Huynh QNH, Tran HGN. Cyber-victimization and its association with depression among Vietnamese adolescents. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12907. [PMID: 35186489 PMCID: PMC8840053 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyberbullying has become an alarming social issue, but little is known about its prevalence and consequences in many countries. This study investigated the prevalence of cyber-victimization and its association with depression among students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1,492 students from eight secondary schools and high schools in four urban and suburban areas. Multi-stage cluster sampling approach was used to recruit participants. Students participated in this study on a voluntary basis and completed a self-report questionnaire that included validated scales to measure their experience of cyber-bullying (Cyber Bullying Scale) and symptoms of depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale). Weighted logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for the cluster effect and sampling probability. RESULTS Almost all (92.4%) students reported using the internet everyday and nearly 40% used internet for more than four hours per day. Cyber-victimization was identified in 36.5% of students and almost 25% experienced multiple types of cyber-victimization. Nearly half of students reported symptoms of depression. After adjusting for other covariates, students who experienced cyber-victimization were found to have 1.81 times (95% CI [1.42-2.30]) higher in odds of having symptoms of depression. CONCLUSIONS Cyber victimization and depression are both common in Vietnamese adolescents. Those who experienced cyber bullying have a higher likelihood of having symptoms of depression. These findings indicate an urgent need for interventions and policies targeting this emerging type of bullying in Vietnam and similar settings due to its potential harmful effects on adolescents' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc Thanh Thai
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Duy Kim Vo
- Long Dien District Medical Center, Ba Ria Vung Tau, Vietnam
| | | | - Quynh Ngoc Ho Huynh
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Huong Giang Nguyen Tran
- Training and Scientific Research Department, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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29
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Wang Q, Luo X, Tu R, Xiao T, Hu W. COVID-19 Information Overload and Cyber Aggression during the Pandemic Lockdown: The Mediating Role of Depression/Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Confucian Responsibility Thinking. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031540. [PMID: 35162578 PMCID: PMC8834912 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Many countries adopted lockdown measures to curb the spread of the outbreak in 2020, while information about COVID-19 has dominated various media outlets, which has led to information overload for people. However, previous research has mainly focused on cancer information overload and the corresponding consequence, and failed to examine its adverse effects in the context of major public health events. Based on the Frustrate Aggression Theory and the Scapegoat Theory, the present study established a moderated mediation model to investigate the emotional and behavioral outcomes of COVID-19 information overload. The mediating role of depression/anxiety in the association between COVID-19 information overload and cyber aggression, as well as the moderating role of Confucian responsibility thinking, were tested. This model was examined with 1005 Chinese people (mean age = 26.91 years, SD = 9.94) during the COVID-19 outbreak. Mediation analyses revealed that COVID-19 information overload was positively related to cyber aggression, depression, and anxiety, parallelly and partially mediated this relationship. Moderated mediation analyses further indicated that Confucian responsibility thinking not only moderated the direct link between COVID-19 information overload and cyber aggression, with the effect being significant only for people with a low level of Confucian responsibility thinking, but also moderated the relationship between COVID-19 information overload and depression/anxiety respectively, with the associations being much more potent for individuals with low levels of Confucian responsibility thinking. These findings have the potential to inform the development of prevention and intervention programs designed to reduce the negative emotions and cyber aggression associated with information overload in public health events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Q.W.); (X.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Xiao Luo
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Q.W.); (X.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Ruilin Tu
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Q.W.); (X.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Tao Xiao
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Wei Hu
- Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence:
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Lischetzke T, Schemer L, In-Albon T, Karbach J, Könen T, Glombiewski JA. Coping under a COVID-19 lockdown: patterns of daily coping and individual differences in coping repertoires. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2022; 35:25-43. [PMID: 34314262 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2021.1957848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyregulation-the concurrent or sequential use of multiple strategies to regulate affect or cope with stressors-is a frequent but understudied phenomenon. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify patterns of daily coping and individuals' coping repertoires (i.e., range of coping patterns employed across situations) during a COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. We investigated day-level covariates (appraisals, worrying, mood) of daily coping patterns and person-level covariates (psychopathology, average mood) of coping repertoires. Design: A non-representative community sample (n = 322, 15-82 years old) participated in a 21-day ambulatory assessment study. METHODS We applied multilevel latent class analysis.. RESULTS We identified seven daily coping patterns and ten classes of individuals differing in the size of their coping repertoire and their propensity for polyregulation. Daily coping patterns differed in daily perceived controllability and mood (but not in daily worrying or stress). At the person level, individuals with a higher level of average coronavirus-related worrying more frequently engaged in a high degree of polyregulation. The size of individuals' coping repertoire was unrelated to psychopathology and average mood. CONCLUSION The findings provide insights into the composition of daily coping patterns and individuals' coping repertoires during crisis periods and contribute to a new polyregulation perspective on coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Lischetzke
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Lea Schemer
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Tina In-Albon
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Julia Karbach
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Tanja Könen
- Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
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Peng XQ, Chen Y, Zhang YC, Liu F, He HY, Luo T, Dai PP, Xie WZ, Luo AJ. The Status and Influencing Factors of Cyberchondria During the COVID-19 Epidemic. A Cross-Sectional Study in Nanyang City of China. Front Psychol 2021; 12:712703. [PMID: 34858254 PMCID: PMC8632535 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.712703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyberchondria is considered “the anxiety-amplifying effects of online health-related searches.” During the COVID-19 pandemic, people are likely to search health-related information online for reassurance because of fear and related physical symptoms, while cyberchondria may be triggered due to the escalation of health anxiety, different online seeking behavior preference, information overload, and insufficient e-health literacy. This study aimed to investigate the status and influencing factors of cyberchondria in residents in China during the epidemic period of COVID-19. The participants were 674 community residents of Nanyang city surveyed from February 1 to 15, 2020. We administered online measures, including the Chinese Short Form of the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (C-CSS-12), Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI), eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and COVID-19-related online information seeking behavior questionnaire. In our study, the average C-CSS-12 total score of residents was 30.65 ± 11.53 during the virus epidemic; 25% of participants scored 22 or below, 50% scored 23 to 38, and 21.9% scored 39 to 60. The SHAI total score (β = 0.598 > 0, P < 0.001), the use of general search engines (β = 1.867 > 0, P = 0.039), and searching for information on how to diagnose COVID-19 (β = 2.280 > 0, P = 0.020) were independent risk factors for cyberchondria, while searching lasting less than 10 min each (β = −2.992 < 0, P = 0.048), the use of traditional media digital platforms (β = −1.650 < 0, P = 0.024) and professional medical communication platforms (β = −4.189 < 0, P = 0.007) were independent protective factors. Our findings showed that nearly a quarter of the participants scored 39 or higher on the C-CSS-12 in Nanyang city during the pandemic, which should be taken seriously. Health anxiety and COVID-19-related online information seeking behavior including online duration, topics and choice on different information channels were important influencing factors of cyberchondria. These findings have implications for further research and clinical practice on cyberchondria in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Peng
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research, Central South University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Chuan Zhang
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hai-Yan He
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Luo
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping-Ping Dai
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Zhao Xie
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research, Central South University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ai-Jing Luo
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Psychological Distress and Adolescents' Cyberbullying under Floods and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Parent-Child Relationships and Negotiable Fate as Moderators. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312279. [PMID: 34886005 PMCID: PMC8656516 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), adolescents in 70 countries have suffered the COVID-19 pandemic and flood disasters simultaneously. Although antecedent cyberbullying variables have attracted significant research attention, the effects of psychological distress and the potential mechanisms of cyberbullying among adolescents under multiple disasters remains unclear. Based on social-ecological system theory, this study examines the moderating effects of parent-child relationships and the negotiable fate on the relationship between psychological distress and cyberbullying. A total of 1204 middle school students (52.4% boys) who suffered from floods and the COVID-19 pandemic from Zhengzhou City, China, are the participants. The results reveal that psychological distress was positively related to adolescent cyberbullying during a disaster. Parent-child relationships and negotiable fate significantly moderate the relationship between psychological distress and cyberbullying. Specifically, high parent-child relationships and a high negotiable fate could protect adolescents from the negative effects of psychological distress of cyberbullying. For adolescents with low or high parent-child relationships and low negotiable fate, the links between psychological distress and cyberbullying are stronger. These findings underline the significance of considering the interaction of psychological distress, parent-child relationships, and negotiable fate when examining adolescents' cyberbullying during disasters.
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Huang Y, Huang J, Wang T, Xu S, Li J. The Impact of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Chinese Middle School Students' Self-Perceived Emotional States: A Wuhan Perspective. Front Psychol 2021; 12:740879. [PMID: 34803821 PMCID: PMC8602185 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.740879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This mixed-methods study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on 1493 Grades 7, 8, and 9 students’ self-perceived emotional states in Wuhan, China when it was locked down for the pandemic on January 23, 2020 and when the lockdown was lifted on April 8, 2020, as well as the changes of their emotional states over the 1-year period after the lockdown was lifted. A five-point Likert scale survey was administered to the participants between March 1 and April 1, 2020 when Wuhan was blocked down; and three focus group interviews were conducted between May 1 and May 31, 2021, 1 year after the lockdown was lifted. The results showed that these students in Wuhan experienced feelings of loss of control and negative emotions when the city was locked down and they were home quarantined; furthermore, there were significant differences for their self-perceived feelings of loss of control and negative emotions across demographic variables of gender, grade level, physical activity, social economic status, and family cohesion; finally, their emotional states changed substantially at different time nodes during this pandemic. Implications for students, parents, and schools are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Educational Economics and Management, Law and Business School, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinyan Huang
- The Research Institute for Educational Assessment and Research Methodology, School of Teacher Education, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Educational Economics and Management, Law and Business School, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Siying Xu
- Logistics Management and Engineering, School of Management, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jialing Li
- Educational Economics and Management, Law and Business School, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
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Health communication and trust in institutions during the COVID-19 lockdown in China's urban communities. URBAN GOVERNANCE 2021. [PMCID: PMC8576095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ugj.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Communicating health knowledge effectively at the community level is essential for shaping resilient urban governance in a pandemic period. This paper examines how three styles of community health communication, namely traditional authoritative communication (TAC), authoritative communication via social media (ACSM), and interactive communication via social media (ICSM), were associated with public trust in different types of “institutions”, namely the community administration and scientists, in a context where the respondents were in strict lockdown. This research was conducted with an online survey in February 2020 of 4595 respondents in urban China not long after the strict lockdown was introduced. Embedded in the theory of public trust in institutions during pandemic, the regressions established that traditional authoritative communication played a significant role in maintaining the public's trust in both community administrators and scientists. Interactive communication via social media damaged trust in scientists and increased trust in administrators when used effectively. It is suggested that policymakers, government officials, and healthcare professionals should not abandon traditional authoritative health communication, and greater efforts can be devoted to quality improvement. Moreover, the study highlighted the need to gain a better understanding of what the targeted audience perceive to be “good communication” before communication.
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Han Z, Wang Z, Li Y. Cyberbullying Involvement, Resilient Coping, and Loneliness of Adolescents During Covid-19 in Rural China. Front Psychol 2021; 12:664612. [PMID: 34220638 PMCID: PMC8242172 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.664612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyberbullying involvement can lead to internal health issues, especially mental health problems. Different coping strategies may reduce or enhance the strengths between cyberbullying experience and mental health problems. In this study, we examined the correlations between cyberbullying involvement and loneliness among a group of children and adolescents during the Covid-19 pandemic in China, focusing on investigating the protecting effect of the resilient coping strategy. The results demonstrated that 86.68% of the students were not involved in cyberbullying activities, 8.19% were victims only, 1.89% was perpetrators only, and 3.24% were both victims and perpetrators. Compared with the non-involved, the victims-only group had a significantly higher degree of reported loneliness and a lower score of resilient coping, while the differences of the other groups were not significant. Resilient coping strategy can significantly reduce loneliness and play a mediating role between cyberbullying victimization and loneliness, but such mitigating effect was relatively weak. Besides, peer relations were the primary protective factors, and age was the primary risk factor of loneliness among the controlled variables. This study can enrich current knowledge of cyberbullying involvement and the psychological health among children and adolescents, especially in the context of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Han
- School of Political Science and Public Administration, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- School of Political Science and Public Administration, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuhuan Li
- School of Government, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China
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Cappa C, Jijon I. COVID-19 and violence against children: A review of early studies. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 116:105053. [PMID: 33965215 PMCID: PMC9754317 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Throughout the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers across the globe have attempted to understand how the health and socioeconomic crisis brought about by the coronavirus is affecting children's exposure to violence. Since containment measures have disrupted many data collection and research efforts, studies have had to rely on existing data or design new approaches to gathering relevant information. OBJECTIVE This article reviews the literature that has been produced on children's exposure to violence during the pandemic to understand emerging patterns and critically appraise methodologies to help inform the design of future studies. The article concludes with recommendations for future research. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The study entailed a search of working papers, technical reports, and journal articles. METHODS The search used a combination of search terms to identify relevant articles and reports published between March 1 and December 31, 2020. The sources were assessed according to scope and study design. RESULTS The review identified 48 recent working papers, technical reports, and journal articles on the impact of COVID-19 on violence against children. In terms of scope and methods, the review led to three main findings: 1) Studies have focused on physical or psychological violence at home and less attention has been paid to other forms of violence against children, 2) most studies have relied on administrative records, while other data sources, such as surveys or big data, were less commonly employed, and 3) different definitions and study designs were used to gather data directly, resulting in findings that are hardly generalizable. With respect to children's experience of violence, the review led to four main findings: 1) Studies found a decrease in police reports and referrals to child protective services, 2) mixed results were found with respect to the number of calls to police or domestic violence helplines, 3) articles showed an increase in child abuse-related injuries treated in hospitals, and 4) surveys reported an increase in family violence. CONCLUSIONS This review underscores the persistent challenges affecting the availability and quality of data on violence against children, including the absence of standards for measuring this sensitive issue as well as the limited availability of baseline data. Future research on COVID-19 and violence against children should address some of the gaps identified in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cappa
- UNICEF, Data and Analytics Section, 3 UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA.
| | - Isabel Jijon
- UNICEF, Data and Analytics Section, 3 UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA.
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Sandbakken EM, Moss SM. “Now We Are All in the Same Boat. At the Same Time, We Are Not.” Meaning-Making and Coping Under COVID-19 Lockdown in Norway. HUMAN ARENAS 2021. [PMCID: PMC8106994 DOI: 10.1007/s42087-021-00208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
On March 12, 2020, Norway went on lockdown to handle the COVID-19 outbreak. Near overnight, people faced a new and unfamiliar situation, with restrictive measures in place, extensive uncertainty and the closing down of much of society. The present study explores the meaning-making and coping in everyday life of 16 participants interviewed early in the pandemic. Norway, compared to many other settings in the world, is a privileged context. Nonetheless, participants struggled with this breach with their normal lives. The participants spoke of adapting to the new normal, how the concept of time had changed, how they handled socialisation, dealing with restricted freedom, and imagining the future. Actively drawing on communal coping, as well as problem-focused and emotion-focused individual coping strategies, participants’ accounts illustrate the on-going process of making meaning of their new lives under lockdown. In our discussion, we synthesise various coping processes that the participants made use of in their handling of the new situation. Even though the COVID-19 pandemic is a shared stressor, it influences people differently, and our research contributes with valuable insights into this variation. The recognition of different meaning-making and coping strategies is crucial, as it can constructively inform the development of political and social responses to the pandemic that actively encompasses the variation in individual experiences and ramifications.
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Yang F, Shen Y, Nehring D. Maltreatment and depression among left-behind adolescents in rural China: The moderating roles of food security and depression literacy. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 114:104976. [PMID: 33548688 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.104976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maltreatment is a leading cause of adolescent depression. Economic empowerment and mental health services provision are major policy options to solve this problem in developing countries. However, little is known about how these policy options jointly influence the association between maltreatment and adolescent depression. OBJECTIVE To examine how the configuration of food security and depression literacy influenced the association between maltreatment and depression of Chinese rural left-behind adolescents (LBAs). PARTICIPANTS The analysis was based on the responses of 1,469 LBAs (12-18 years old) from 21 rural schools in 2018. METHODS The participants responded to items on the Birleson Depression Self-Rating Scale, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Food Insecurity Experience Scale, a clinical vignette on depression, and questions on their demographic information. The data was analyzed using a hierarchical moderated regression model. RESULTS Maltreatment was significantly associated with depression of LBAs (p < .001). The independent moderating effect of food insecurity (p < .05) or of depression literacy (p < .05) was observed only after including the interaction of maltreatment, food insecurity, and depression literacy. The configuration of food insecurity and depression literacy significantly moderated the focal association (p < .05). Specifically, in the low food insecurity setting, low depression literacy significantly strengthened the focal association (p < .01), while in the high food insecurity setting, high depression literacy significantly strengthened the focal association (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Depression interventions for adolescents in under-resourced communities should consider both food security and psychoeducation, and the implementation of the latter should be based on the level of the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of International and Public Affairs, China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Room 335, Xinjian Building, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yang Shen
- School of International and Public Affairs, China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Room 222, Xinjian Building, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Daniel Nehring
- International Institute of Social Work, East China University of Science and Technology, Room 107, 1st Tuanjie Building, 130 Meilong Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.
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