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Razavinia F, Ebrahimiyan A, Faal Siahkal S, Ghazinezhad N, Abedi P. Vitamins B 9 and B 12 in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:476-484. [PMID: 38904980 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder that begins before age 12. Given the role of B group vitamins in cell metabolism, synthesis of nucleotides, and neurotransmitters, the present study systematically investigated the plasma levels of vitamins B9 and B12 in children with ADHD. Methods: We searched electronic databases including Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Iran MEDEX, Cochran database, and SID from conception to June 2023. Full-text case-control or cross-sectional studies were included in this study. Participants in the case group were children with ADHD aged 6-12 years. Review Manager Software (RevMan 5.4) was used for statistical analyses. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% CIs were used to determine the differences between the two groups. Results: Six studies were included in the present meta-analysis. They included 982 children, of whom, 204 were girls and 744 were boys. The mean age of the children was 8.86±2.03 years. The level of vitamin B9 was significantly different between children with and without ADHD [SMD -0.80, 95% CI (-1.55, -0.04)]. Vitamin B12 was significantly lower in children with ADHD [SMD -0.29, 95% CI (-0.42, -0.16)]. However, due to high heterogeneity (I2 = 93%), sensitivity analysis was used, I2 fell to 21%, and significant difference was observed between the two groups [SMD -0.19, 95% CI (-0.34, -0.04)]. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review showed that the level of vitamins B9 and B12 in children with ADHD was significantly lower than that in healthy children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Razavinia
- Midwifery Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ebrahimiyan
- Midwifery Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahla Faal Siahkal
- Department of Midwifery, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | - Neda Ghazinezhad
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Abedi
- Midwifery Department, Menopause Andropause Research Center, Ahvaz Jundisahpur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Mou Y, Blok E, Barroso M, Jansen PW, White T, Voortman T. Dietary patterns, brain morphology and cognitive performance in children: Results from a prospective population-based study. Eur J Epidemiol 2023:10.1007/s10654-023-01012-5. [PMID: 37155025 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Dietary patterns in childhood have been associated with child neurodevelopment and cognitive performance, while the underlying neurobiological pathway is unclear. We aimed to examine associations of dietary patterns in infancy and mid-childhood with pre-adolescent brain morphology, and whether diet-related differences in brain morphology mediate the relation with cognition. We included 1888 and 2326 children with dietary data at age one or eight years, respectively, and structural neuroimaging at age 10 years in the Generation R Study. Measures of brain morphology were obtained using magnetic resonance imaging. Dietary intake was assessed using food-frequency questionnaires, from which we derived diet quality scores based on dietary guidelines and dietary patterns using principal component analyses. Full scale IQ was estimated using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fifth Edition at age 13 years. Children with higher adherence to a dietary pattern labeled as 'Snack, processed foods and sugar' at age one year had smaller cerebral white matter volume at age 10 (B = -4.3, 95%CI -6.9, -1.7). At age eight years, higher adherence to a 'Whole grains, soft fats and dairy' pattern was associated with a larger total brain (B = 8.9, 95%CI 4.5, 13.3), and larger cerebral gray matter volumes at age 10 (B = 5.2, 95%CI 2.9, 7.5). Children with higher diet quality and better adherence to a 'Whole grains, soft fats and dairy' dietary pattern at age eight showed greater brain gyrification and larger surface area, clustered primarily in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These observed differences in brain morphology mediated associations between dietary patterns and IQ. In conclusion, dietary patterns in early- and mid-childhood are associated with differences in brain morphology which may explain the relation between dietary patterns and neurodevelopment in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchan Mou
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabet Blok
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monica Barroso
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pauline W Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Section on Social and Cognitive Developmental Neuroscience, National Institutes of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Yu HR, Tsai CC, Chan JYH, Lee WC, Wu KLH, Tain YL, Hsu TY, Cheng HH, Huang HC, Huang CH, Pan WH, Yeh YT. A Higher Abundance of Actinomyces spp. in the Gut Is Associated with Spontaneous Preterm Birth. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1171. [PMID: 37317145 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth is a major challenge in pregnancy worldwide. Prematurity is the leading cause of death in infants and may result in severe complications. Nearly half of preterm births are spontaneous, but do not have recognizable causes. This study investigated whether the maternal gut microbiome and associated functional pathways might play a key role in spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). Two hundred eleven women carrying singleton pregnancies were enrolled in this mother-child cohort study. Fecal samples were freshly collected at 24-28 weeks of gestation before delivery, and the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was sequenced. Microbial diversity and composition, core microbiome, and associated functional pathways were then statistically analyzed. Demographic characteristics were collected using records from the Medical Birth Registry and questionnaires. The result showed that the gut microbiome of mothers with over-weight (BMI ≥ 24) before pregnancy have lower alpha diversity than those with normal BMI before pregnancy. A higher abundance of Actinomyces spp. was filtered out from the Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe), Spearman correlation, and random forest model, and was inversely correlated with gestational age in sPTB. The multivariate regression model showed that the odds ratio of premature delivery was 3.274 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.349; p = 0.010] in the group with over-weight before pregnancy with a cutoff Hit% > 0.022 for Actinomyces spp. The enrichment of Actinomyces spp. was negatively correlated with glycan biosynthesis and metabolism in sPTB by prediction from the Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) platform. Maternal gut microbiota showing a lower alpha diversity, increased abundance of Actinomyces spp., and dysregulated glycan metabolism may be associated with sPTB risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Julie Y H Chan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Lee
- Division of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Kay L H Wu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Te-Yao Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chun Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsieh Huang
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Kaohsiung 83130, Taiwan
- Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83130, Taiwan
- BioMed Analysis Center, Fooyin University Hospital, Pingtung 92847, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83130, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Kaohsiung 83130, Taiwan
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Doustmohammadian A, Omidvar N, Keshavarz-Mohammadi N, Eini-Zinab H, Amini M, Abdollahi M. The association and mediation role of Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) with eating behaviors, academic achievement and overweight in 10-12 years old students: a structural equation modeling. Nutr J 2022; 21:45. [PMID: 35778743 PMCID: PMC9248125 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food and nutrition literacy is a key factor in shaping healthy dietary behaviors and may result in decreasing decrease the prevalence of overweight. Empirical research on food and nutrition literacy and its outcomes is limited, especially among children and adolescents. Thus, this study investigates the link between Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) with eating behaviors, academic performance, and overweight in 10–12 years old students in Tehran, Iran. Methods This study was performed through two phases: 1) Proposing a conceptual model of the relationship between FNLIT and its determinants and outcomes, based on the existing evidence and previous models, and 2) Testing the proposed FNLIT model through a cross-sectional study on 803 primary school students (419 boys and 384 girls, from 34 public and 10 private primary schools), aged 10–12 years using structural equation modeling. Demographic, socio-economic, and household food security characteristics were collected by interviewing the students and their mothers/caregivers using a questionnaire. FNLIT was measured by a self-administered, locally designed, and validated questionnaire. Results The fit indices suggested a reasonably adequate fit of the data to the hypothesized model (χ2/df = 2.03, p < 0.001, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.90, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = 0.88, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.91, incremental fit index (IFI) = 0.91, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.04, standardized root mean residual (SRMR) = 0.06). SES was directly and positively related to FNLIT and its subscale in students. FNLIT score had a positive direct (non-mediated) relationship with healthy eating behavior and academic performance. This pattern was strongly reversed in unhealthy eating behavior. There was a full mediation relationship between FNLIT and overweight/obesity via healthy eating behaviors. SES predicted academic performance partially through the mediating effect of Food Label Literacy (FLL). The results indicated that despite the direct relationship between SES and academic performance, an indirect but negative relationship existed with food insecurity. The finding also revealed the fully mediating role of Food Choice Literacy (FCL) in the relationship between demographic factors and healthy eating behaviors. Our study also found that Interactive Food and Nutrition Literacy (IFNL) protected unhealthy eating behaviors, and FCL predicted healthy eating behaviors in children. Conclusion Our study draws attention to FNLIT, especially the skills domain, including IFNL, FCL, and FLL, as the most important determinant of healthy eating behavior, academic performance, and weight status in school-age children reduces social inequalities in children’s development. To ensure an adequate level of FNLIT, educators should assess and plan to enhance food literacy skills in children and adolescents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12937-022-00796-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Doustmohammadian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Amini
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hammersley ML, Buchanan L, Xu H, Wen LM. Early Childhood Dietary Intake and Subsequent Socioemotional and Cognitive School Readiness Among Australian Children. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2022; 49:10901981221096100. [PMID: 35668635 DOI: 10.1177/10901981221096100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dietary intake can affect the physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development of young children. Few studies have explored the relationships between dietary intake and the cognitive and socioemotional dimensions of school readiness. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations between children's dietary intake in early childhood, and cognitive and socioemotional school readiness indicators at age 4-5 years using data from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. A total of 4,253 children were included in the analysis. Multiple linear regression models were built to investigate whether dietary intake (measured by questionnaire at parent interview) at age 2-3 years predicted school readiness indicators of socioemotional and behavioral functioning (measured by parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire [SDQ total score and pro-social scale]), verbal (assessed by Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Third Edition [PPVT-III]) and nonverbal (assessed by "Who Am I" test [WAI] cognitive skills) at age 4-5 years. Furthermore, using cross-sectional data at age 4-5 years, four multiple linear regression models were built to investigate if dietary intake was correlated with the aforementioned school readiness indicators. All models were adjusted for potential confounders. It was found that every one-point increase in child dietary intake score at age 2-3 years led to a decrease in SDQ total score by 0.19 (95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.10, 0.28], and an increase in SDQ pro-social scale, WAI score and PPVT score by 0.07 (95% CI = [0.03, 0.10]), 0.27 (95% CI = [0.13, 0.41]), and 0.20 (95% CI = [0.09, 0.30]), respectively, at age 4-5 years. Children's dietary intake was also a correlate of their school readiness at age 4-5 years. These results add to the limited evidence base suggesting that children's early dietary intake may play an important role in later socioemotional and behavioral development, and the development of cognitive skills, which are critical school readiness indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Hammersley
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Limin Buchanan
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research and Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Forest Lodge, NSW, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Huilan Xu
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research and Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Forest Lodge, NSW, Australia
| | - Li Ming Wen
- Health Promotion Unit, Population Health Research and Evaluation Hub, Sydney Local Health District, Forest Lodge, NSW, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- The National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in the Early Prevention of Obesity in Childhood (EPOCH CRE), Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of parenting styles and academic self-efficacy on emotional eating behaviours within a sample of adolescents. The sample of this cross-sectionally designed study consisted of 584 adolescents between the ages of 12-17 years. In order to collect necessary data, the Emotional Eating Scale for Child and Adolescent, the Parenting Style Scale and Academic Self-efficacy Scale were utilized. In this sample, Emotional Eating Scale's total score of girls was higher than boys, and emotional eating was not related to body mass index. Parenting styles and academic self-efficacy predicted 34% of the variants seen in emotional eating behaviours of adolescents. While a positive relation existed between emotional eating and negligent parenting style, a negative significant relation occurred between permissive and democratic type of parenting styles and emotional eating. In addition, emotional eating behaviours decreased, whereas academic self-efficacy perception increased accordingly. The results showed that emotional eating behaviours of adolescents were in relation with parenting styles and academic self-efficacy. A good understanding of the multifactorial structure of emotional eating in adolescents will help to develop essential programmes in order to design effective coping mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayfer Ekim
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, 52968Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ragelienė T. Do children favor snacks and dislike vegetables? Exploring children's food preferences using drawing as a projective technique. A cross-cultural study. Appetite 2021; 165:105276. [PMID: 33971287 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To avoid the rising spread of childhood obesity and preserve resources within planetary boundaries, healthy and sustainable eating habits and the consumption of adequate amounts of fruits and vegetables should be encouraged. Children's food preference was found to be an important determinant for food choice and consumption. The aim of this study was to explore children's food preferences using drawing as a projective technique in terms of healthy and sustainable eating and compare food preference patterns in Denmark and Lithuania. METHOD In total 484 children, aged between 8 and 13 years old, participated in the study (147 in Denmark and 337 in Lithuania). Participants were asked to fill the food preference questionnaire and answer questions about their daily intake of fruits, vegetables, and snacks and draw their favorite meal afterward. Sociodemographic questions about children's age, gender, parents' employment, and family composition were also included in the questionnaire. RESULTS Fruits, vegetables, highly-processed and animal-based foods were not included in a large part of children's most preferred meal composition. Favorite meals' composition varied among children in both countries and included different products from separate food groups. Vegetables were more likely to be present in the children's favorite meals together with meat products. Girls in both countries had more expressed vegetable preferences than boys. Boys in Lithuania had a relatively more expressed preference for highly-processed foods, while Danish girls had a more expressed preference for animal-based products. CONCLUSIONS Children's preferences for foods such as meat and animal-based products expressed in children's drawings, might be considered as relatively positive in terms of sustainable eating. However, children's preferences and intake of fruits and vegetables should still be encouraged among young consumers. Cultural and gender differences in children's food preferences should be considered while creating interventions and marketing strategies for promoting healthy and sustainable eating among young consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tija Ragelienė
- Aarhus University, School of Business and Social Sciences, Department of Management, Fuglesangs Allé 4, Building 2623, D205, 8210, Aarhus V, Denmark.
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Household and schooling rather than diet offset the adverse associations of height with school competence and emotional disturbance among Taiwanese girls. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:2238-2247. [PMID: 33745500 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002100121x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Short stature may reflect health in early life and be an enduring disability. How birth weight, gender, household, elementary schooling and diet play a role in associations between stature and overall school competence (OSC) have been assessed. DESIGN The 2001-2002 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT) for elementary schoolchildren (n 2274, 52·1 % boys) was linked to birth records. It provided sociodemographic, dietary quality, body compositional and school performance (as Scale for Assessing Emotional Disturbance, SAED; OSC as an SAED subscale) data. Lower birth weight was ≤15th percentile: 2850 g for boys and 2700 g for girls, and stature as z-scores for Taiwanese. Multivariable linear regression was used for relationships between OSC and stature. Trends in OSC by stature and school grade were assessed. SETTING The 2001-2002 NAHSIT for elementary schoolchildren. PARTICIPANTS Totally, 2274 schoolchildren aged 6-13 years. RESULTS Compared to normal height (-2< height for age z-score (HAZ) <2), shorter girls (HAZ ≤ -2) had a lower OSC (8·87 v. 10·5, P < 0·05) and taller girls (HAZ ≥ 2) had a better OSC (12·3 v. 10·5, P < 0·001). Maternal education and household income each contributed more than 5 % of OSC variance. OSC and HAZ among girls were positively associated and emotional disturbance negatively associated. Shortness-associated lower OSC underwent remediation with advancing school grade. Stature and OSC were not evidently related in boys. CONCLUSIONS Shorter stature can compromise OSC among school girls. The major determinants in shorter girls are less household income and limited parental education.
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Wang Z, Jansen EC, Miller AL, Peterson KE, Téllez-Rojo MM, Watkins D, Schnaas L, Chavez MDCH, Cantoral A. Childhood emotional and behavioral characteristics are associated with soda intake: A prospective study in Mexico City. Pediatr Obes 2020; 15:e12682. [PMID: 32558284 PMCID: PMC8570088 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether childhood emotional and behavioral characteristics are associated with soda intake. METHODS The study population included 391 Mexico City adolescents enrolled in a birth cohort study. When children were between 6 and 12 years of age, the Behavioral Assessment System for Children (BASC)-2 was administered. Nondiet soda intake was measured concurrently and again when participants were of peripubertal ages via food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression models were run with soda mL/day (cross-sectional and change in soda over time) as the outcome and BASC composite scores as predictors (in separate models), adjusting for confounders. RESULTS At baseline, children were 8.3 (SD 1.3) years (49% males). Three scales out of 18 examined had statistically significant associations. Parent-reported adaptive skills were inversely associated with concurrent soda intake (β = -2.29 with 95% CI -4.27 to -0.31). Parent-reported internalizing problems (higher = more problems) were related to higher change in soda intake from childhood to adolescence (β = 5.83 with 95% CI 0.98-10.68; N = 191). Self-reported school problems were associated with a higher change in soda intake over time (β = 9.46 with 95% CI 2.10-16.82; N = 122). CONCLUSIONS Parent- and self-reported emotional and behavioral difficulties in childhood were associated with soda consumption and changes in soda consumption over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Wang
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Contributed equally to this work
| | - Erica C. Jansen
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,Contributed equally to this work
| | - Alison L. Miller
- Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen E. Peterson
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Deborah Watkins
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lourdes Schnaas
- Institute of Perinatology, ABC Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
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Aini Q, Sulaeman A, Sinaga T. PENGEMBANGAN BEE POLLEN SNACK BAR UNTUK ANAK USIA SEKOLAH. JURNAL TEKNOLOGI DAN INDUSTRI PANGAN 2020. [DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2020.31.1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Han MK, Anderson R, Viennois E, Merlin D. Examination of food consumption in United States adults and the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease using National Health Interview Survey 2015. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232157. [PMID: 32324818 PMCID: PMC7179926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Various diets and food components have been implicated as one of the environmental factors associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients are often recommended nutritional guidelines to manage disease symptoms. However, the current food consumption pattern of US adults with IBD that are nationally representative is unclear. A secondary analysis of National Health Interview Survey 2015 was performed to characterize the estimated US adults with IBD and their food intake and consumption frequency using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Fries were consumed by a greater number of people with IBD. IBD population drank less 100% fruit juice and ate more cheese and cookies than non-IBD population. Intake of fries (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.14-2.25) and sports and energy drinks (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.07-1.97) and more frequent drinking of regular soda were significantly associated with the likelihood of having been told one have IBD, while popcorn (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.548-0.971) and milk (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.497-0.998) were associated with smaller odds, adjusting for covariates. Foods typically labeled as junk food were positively associated with IBD. Nonetheless, of the assessed 26 foods, we found eating patterns between IBD and non-IBD population to be mostly analogous. It is unclear whether the results reflect potential change in food intake in IBD population long before the survey interview. Understanding the role of food intake in IBD risk/prevalence would benefit from identifying other environmental factors (i.e. food desert), food processing (i.e. frying), and potential bioactive food components that can induce intestinal inflammation that can increase the individual's susceptibility to IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon K. Han
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Raeda Anderson
- Department of Research and Engagement, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Emilie Viennois
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Didier Merlin
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States of America
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Alqahtani Y, Assiri OA, Al-Shahrani NS, Alyazidi NS, Alshahrani MH. Relationship between nutritional habits and school performance among primary school students in Asser Region. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:1986-1990. [PMID: 32670952 PMCID: PMC7346937 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_885_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Healthy nutrition is a necessary for people mental health, because of that nutritional habits effect on school performance. So, a high sugar intake, fat, and fast food meals have a strong relationship with low academic performance and lot of diseases like metabolic disease in other researches of pediatric age group. Aim: To assess nutritional habits and its relation with school performance among primary school students in Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in targeting parents of primary school children in Aseer region. Data were collected using pre-structured online questionnaire. Questionnaire was available online using social media programs to be answered by students' mothers. Residence was initial question to confirm residency at Aseer region. Results: A total sample of 357 respondents with their children ages ranged from 6- to 18-year-old and 62.7% of their children were females. Exact 81% of the students had 3 meals daily and 88% had their breakfast before going to school. About 75% of the sampled mothers reported excellent grade for their student school performance. Also, significant association of school performance with breakfast intake and fast food was recorded. Conclusions: In conclusion, the study revealed that the students had an averaged eating habits regarding meals number specially breakfast and contents. Fast food was recorded among two thirds of the students which is negative finding. Also, school performance was very good and significantly associated with eating habits specially breakfast intake and fast food frequency.
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Dietary Profiles, Nutritional Biochemistry Status, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Path Analysis for a Case-Control Study. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050709. [PMID: 31109092 PMCID: PMC6572510 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate dietary and nutritional biochemistry profiles of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to explore their potential relationship by path analysis. We enrolled 216 children with ADHD and 216 age-, height- and gender-matched controls from 31 elementary schools in Taiwan. Dietary intake of the participants was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Fasting blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of multiple nutritional markers. Moreover, we employed a structural equation model (SEM) to link diet, nutritional markers and ADHD. Compared to healthy control, ADHD children had significantly lower serum levels of vitamin B12, folate, vitamin B6, ferritin concentration, and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), but higher levels of serum saturated fatty acids (SFA), n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio, and inorganic phosphorous concentration. Children with ADHD had more intake of nutrient-poor foods such as high sugar and high fat foods, and had less intake of vegetable, fruit, protein-rich foods than their counterpart. SEM analysis showed that the poor nutritional biochemistry profiles linked the association between unhealthy dietary patterns and ADHD. In conclusion, an unhealthy dietary pattern may be a predecessor of the poor nutritional biochemistry status, and managing diet and nutrition conditions should be considered to improve ADHD symptoms in children.
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Pearce K, Golley R, Lewis L, Cassidy L, Olds T, Maher C. The Apples of Academic Performance: Associations Between Dietary Patterns and Academic Performance in Australian Children. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2018; 88:444-452. [PMID: 29749001 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an association between dietary patterns and children's academic performance. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 315 children aged 9-11 years from 26 schools in Australia. Academic performance was measured in 4 domains (reading, writing, numeracy, and language-subdomains: spelling, grammarm and punctuation) using the National Assessment Program in Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN). A self-reported child questionnaire collected dietary intake data. "Core" (healthy) and "noncore" (unhealthy) dietary patterns were derived using principal components analysis. RESULTS The noncore pattern was associated with lower NAPLAN scores across all academic domains (mean: -12.6, 95% CI: -18.7 to -6.4, r2 = .073, p < .001) except writing, while the core foods pattern was not associated with NAPLAN scores across all domains. When the noncore model was adjusted for sociodemographic covariates (child body mass index, ethnicity, sex, parental education, household income, marital status, mother's employment hours, and number of siblings), the association was attenuated but remained statistically significant (NAPLAN summary score: -8.5, 95% CI -15.0 to -1.9, r2 = .123, p = .011). CONCLUSIONS Academic performance was deleteriously associated with a nutrient-poor, energy-dense diet, yet not associated with a nutritious diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karma Pearce
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Division of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Rebecca Golley
- Heart Foundation, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Lucy Lewis
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, Flinders University, Repatriation General Hospital, Health Sciences Building, Daws Road, Daw Park, Adelaide 5041, Australia
| | - Leah Cassidy
- Department for Education and Child Development (DECD), Health, Physical Activity and Wellbeing Teaching and Learning Services, GPO Box 1152, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Timothy Olds
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Carol Maher
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide 5001, Australia
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Schultz C, Thorlton J. Access to Fresh Fruits and Vegetables in School Lunches: A Policy Analysis. J Sch Nurs 2018; 35:248-255. [DOI: 10.1177/1059840518762517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables helps to reduce childhood obesity and improves academic achievement and attendance. However, providing fresh fruits and vegetables is challenging for some schools due to cost, administrative burden, and concern for food waste. To address these challenges, the Fruit and Vegetable Access for Children Act proposes to allow federally funded programs to substitute fresh fruits and vegetables with canned, frozen, or pureed versions. In this policy analysis, we propose options for providing fresh fruits and vegetables to children enrolled in the National School Lunch Program. We recommend that school nurses actively facilitate the process of obtaining fresh fruits and vegetables by being appointed members of Team Nutrition giving them authority to collaborate with local famers, entrepreneurs, and land-grant universities in Farm to School Programs. This strategy empowers school nurses in promoting healthy eating habits, reducing obesity, and improving academic performance and school attendance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Schultz
- Department of Women, Children and Family Health Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Janet Thorlton
- Department of Health Systems Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Champaign, IL, USA
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Huang LY, Wahlqvist ML, Lee MS, Chiang PH. Dietary quality linkage to overall competence at school and emotional disturbance in representative Taiwanese young adolescents: dependence on gender, parental characteristics and personal behaviors. Nutr J 2018; 17:29. [PMID: 29471835 PMCID: PMC5822521 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-018-0333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child school performance during puberty may be at increased risk through emotional disturbance. It is hypothesized that this may be mitigated by dietary quality. METHODS In a nationally representative sample (Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan, NAHSIT), 1371 Taiwanese aged 11-16 years, overall competence at school, (OCS) and emotional status have been assessed by teachers with the SAED (Scale for Assessing Emotional Disturbance). Parents provided family socio-demographics and students completed a behavioral and dietary questionnaire (Youth Healthy Eating Index - Taiwan, YHEI-TW). Associations between emotional disturbance (ED), OCS and dietary quality (YHEI-TW) were assessed in multiple linear regression models with adjustments for covariates including parental characteristics, personal behaviors, body fatness and puberty. RESULTS Boys or girls with ED had a less favorable OCS (p < 0.001), minimally dependent on YHEI-TW. On multivariable analysis there was a more positive association between OCS and YHEI-TW among boys (β = 0.05, p < 0.01) and girls (β = 0.07, p < 0.001). Poor dietary quality was associated with ED, especially in girls (β = - 0.06, p < 0.001). Additionally, parental characteristics, body fatness, and personal behaviors are associated with OCS. Puberty is associated with ED and may be indirectly linked to OCS. CONCLUSIONS Unsatisfactory food intake is associated with the link between emotional disturbance and impaired school performance, as assessed by OCS, especially among girls. For both genders, socio-economic and behavioral factors including parenteral income, reading, screen viewing and smoking are modulators of this association. Puberty was a modifying factor in girls. Dietary quality is a relevant factor for health (ED) as well as education (OCS) during early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yuan Huang
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mark L Wahlqvist
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, No.161, Sec. 6, Minchuan East Road, Taipei, 114, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Monash Asia Institute, Monash University, 5th Floor, H Building, 900 Dandenong Road, Caulfield East, Melbourne, VIC, 3145, Australia.,College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Meei-Shyuan Lee
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, No.161, Sec. 6, Minchuan East Road, Taipei, 114, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Huang Chiang
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, 350, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Mora T, Lopez‐Valcarcel BG. Breakfast choice: An experiment combining a nutritional training workshop targeting adolescents and the promotion of unhealthy products. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2018; 27:306-319. [PMID: 28744931 PMCID: PMC5901422 DOI: 10.1002/hec.3549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A randomised control trial was conducted to determine changes in the food and drink choices of adolescents following their participation in a 50-min nutrition workshop. The experiment was conducted at 104 schools in Barcelona (126 classes, 3,291 adolescents). Schools were randomly selected and stratified by district and by public or private status. The students were given three types of vouchers with different options regarding the type of food for which the vouchers could be exchanged (standard for healthy food and drink, two for one for unhealthy food, and two for one for unhealthy drink). Difference-in-differences linear models that control for individual, family, school or neighbourhood characteristics, and the influence of peers were applied. The probability of students' choosing unhealthy food and drink fell by 7.1% and 4.4%, respectively, following participation in the nutrition workshop. The promotion of unhealthy beverages counteracted the positive impact of the workshop on beverage choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Mora
- Universitat Internacional de CatalunyaBarcelonaSpain
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Vassiloudis I, Yiannakouris N, Panagiotakos DB, Apostolopoulos K, Costarelli V. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and specific lifestyle habits are associated with academic performance in Greek adolescents. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2017. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-16133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Vassiloudis
- Human Ecology Laboratory, Department of Home Economics and Ecology, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Vassiliki Costarelli
- Human Ecology Laboratory, Department of Home Economics and Ecology, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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Burrows T, Goldman S, Olson RK, Byrne B, Coventry WL. Associations between selected dietary behaviours and academic achievement: A study of Australian school aged children. Appetite 2017; 116:372-380. [PMID: 28487248 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research investigating the effects of dietary behaviours on children's academic achievement has predominately focused on breakfast consumption. The aim of this study was to conduct secondary analysis to examine associations between a range of dietary behaviours and children's academic achievement. METHODOLOGY Data on five dietary variables (fruit intake; vegetable intake; consumption of takeaway; sugar sweetened beverages; and breakfast) and scores in the five domains of a standardised academic achievement test known as NAPLAN (reading, writing, grammar/punctuation, spelling and numeracy) were obtained for Australian children aged 8-15 years in school grades three (n = 1185), five (n = 1147), seven (n = 1053) and nine (n = 860). Mixed linear models adjusted for socioeconomic status and gender were used to examine associations between dietary behaviours and academic scores. RESULTS Greater consumption of vegetables with the evening meal (7 nights/week) was associated with higher test scores in the domains of spelling and writing (p=<0.01), with the greatest effect observed for spelling with a mean score difference of 86 ± 26.5 NAPLAN points between the highest and lowest levels of consumption (95% CI: 34.0-138.1; p=<0.01). Increased consumption of sugar sweetened beverages was associated with significantly lower test scores in reading, writing, grammar/punctuation and numeracy (<0.01). PRINCIPLE CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study demonstrate dietary behaviours are associated with higher academic achievement. Future research should further explore relationships between a wide range of dietary behaviours and children's academic achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia.
| | - Sharni Goldman
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia
| | - Richard K Olson
- Institute of Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - Brian Byrne
- School of Behavioural, Cognitive and Social Sciences The University of New England, Armidale, 2351, Australia
| | - William L Coventry
- School of Behavioural, Cognitive and Social Sciences The University of New England, Armidale, 2351, Australia
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An obesogenic refined low-fat diet disrupts attentional and behavioral control processes in a vigilance task in rats. Behav Processes 2017; 138:142-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Correa-Burrows P, Rodríguez Y, Blanco E, Gahagan S, Burrows R. Snacking Quality Is Associated with Secondary School Academic Achievement and the Intention to Enroll in Higher Education: A Cross-Sectional Study in Adolescents from Santiago, Chile. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9050433. [PMID: 28448455 PMCID: PMC5452163 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although numerous studies have approached the effects of exposure to a Western diet (WD) on academic outcomes, very few have focused on foods consumed during snack times. We explored whether there is a link between nutritious snacking habits and academic achievement in high school (HS) students from Santiago, Chile. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 678 adolescents. The nutritional quality of snacks consumed by 16-year-old was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The academic outcomes measured were HS grade point average (GPA), the likelihood of HS completion, and the likelihood of taking college entrance exams. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine the independent associations of nutritious snacking with having completed HS and having taken college entrance exams. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) estimated the differences in GPA by the quality of snacks. Compared to students with healthy in-home snacking behaviors, adolescents having unhealthy in-home snacks had significantly lower GPAs (M difference: -40.1 points, 95% confidence interval (CI): -59.2, -16.9, d = 0.41), significantly lower odds of HS completion (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.47; 95% CI: 0.25-0.88), and significantly lower odds of taking college entrance exams (aOR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.31-0.88). Unhealthy at-school snacking showed similar associations with the outcome variables. Poor nutritional quality snacking at school and at home was associated with poor secondary school academic achievement and the intention to enroll in higher education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Correa-Burrows
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile.
| | - Yanina Rodríguez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile.
| | - Estela Blanco
- Division of Child Development and Community Health, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Sheila Gahagan
- Division of Child Development and Community Health, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Raquel Burrows
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile.
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Nyaradi A, Li J, Foster JK, Hickling S, Jacques A, O'Sullivan TA, Oddy WH. Good-quality diet in the early years may have a positive effect on academic achievement. Acta Paediatr 2016; 105:e209-18. [PMID: 26719022 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between early diet and academic performance during childhood. METHODS Participants were from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study (n = 2287). Frequency of consumption of food and beverages was collected at the one-, two- and three-year follow-ups, using a 24-hour food recall. Diet scores were developed from the number of eating occasions. The Western Australian Literacy and Numeracy Assessment (WALNA) data from grades five (age 10) and seven (age 12) were linked to the Raine study using The Western Australian Data Linkage System. The association between diet scores and WALNA scores was assessed using multivariate linear regression models. RESULTS A higher (i.e. better quality) diet score at one year of age was associated with significantly higher scores in mathematics, reading, writing and spelling at both grades five and seven. Associations were observed between a higher diet score at two years and academic scores for mathematics, writing and spelling at grade seven. Higher dairy consumption at ages one, two and three, and higher fruit consumption at age one were associated with higher academic scores at all ages. CONCLUSION Quality of early diet may be a predictor for later academic achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anett Nyaradi
- School of Population Health; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Jianghong Li
- Telethon Kids Institute; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
- WZB Berlin Social Science Center; Berlin Germany
- Centre for Population Health Research; The Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin University; Perth WA Australia
| | - Jonathan K. Foster
- Telethon Kids Institute; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
- School of Psychology & Speech Pathology; Curtin University; Perth WA Australia
- Neurosciences Unit; Health Department of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
- School of Paediatrics & Child Health; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Siobhan Hickling
- School of Population Health; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Angela Jacques
- School of Population Health; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Therese A. O'Sullivan
- School of Exercise and Health Science; Edith Cowan University; Joondalup WA Australia
| | - Wendy H. Oddy
- Telethon Kids Institute; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
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Moaadeli Z, Hossainnejad Neyrizi A, Sharifikia I, Abbasi Marandi K. The Study of Knowledge, Attitude and Nutritional Practice of Secondary School Students in Darab City, Fars Province, Iran in 2011-2012. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2015. [DOI: 10.17795/intjsh-25702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Frndak SE. An ecological study of food desert prevalence and 4th grade academic achievement in new york state school districts. J Public Health Res 2014; 3:319. [PMID: 25553313 PMCID: PMC4274497 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2014.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This ecological study examines the relationship between food desert prevalence and academic achievement at the school district level. Design and methods Sample included 232 suburban and urban school districts in New York State. Multiple open-source databases were merged to obtain: 4th grade science, English and math scores, school district demographic composition (NYS Report Card), regional socioeconomic indicators (American Community Survey), school district quality (US Common Core of Data), and food desert data (USDA Food Desert Atlas). Multiple regression models assessed the percentage of variation in achievement scores explained by food desert variables, after controlling for additional predictors. Results The proportion of individuals living in food deserts significantly explained 4th grade achievement scores, after accounting for additional predictors. School districts with higher proportions of individuals living in food desert regions demonstrated lower 4th grade achievement across science, English and math. Conclusions Food deserts appear to be related to academic achievement at the school district level among urban and suburban regions. Further research is needed to better understand how food access is associated with academic achievement at the individual level. Significance for public health The prevalence of food deserts in the United States is of national concern. As poor nutrition in United States children continues to spark debate, food deserts are being evaluated as potential sources of low fruit and vegetable intake and high obesity rates. Cognitive development and IQ have been linked to nutrition patterns, suggesting that children in food desert regions may have a disadvantage academically. This research evaluates if an ecological relationship between food desert prevalence and academic achievement at the school district level can be demonstrated. Results suggest that food desert prevalence may relate to poor academic performance at the school district level. Significant variation in academic achievement among urban and suburban school districts is explained by food desert prevalence, above additional predictors. This research lays the groundwork for future studies at the individual level, with possible implications for community interventions in school districts containing food desert regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth E Frndak
- Graduate School of Education, University at Buffalo-State, University of New York Buffalo , NY, USA
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Observations of TCRVβ Gene Expression in Rats with Dampness Syndrome. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:373608. [PMID: 24976850 PMCID: PMC4052564 DOI: 10.1155/2014/373608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Environmental dampness is one factor which can cause human diseases. The effects of exposure to humidity on human immune function are diverse and numerous. In the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), dampness is defined as one of the major pathogenic factors in the human body. It is divided into “external dampness” and “internal dampness.” However the molecular mechanism leading to humidity-induced immunosuppression is obscure. In the present study, we investigated the expression of the T-cell antigen receptor variable β (TCRVβ) subfamilies in rats which were fed in different humid environment. And the expression levels of the TCRVβ subfamilies were detected using FQ-PCR. We found that the dampness might reduce the immunological recognition function of rats. And the obstruction of the immunological recognition function might be caused by internal dampness rather than external dampness.
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Dietary patterns and cognitive ability among 12- to 13 year-old adolescents in Selangor, Malaysia. Public Health Nutr 2014; 18:303-12. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980014000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to identify dietary patterns and determine the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive ability among 12- to 13 year-old Malay adolescents in the urban areas of Gombak district in Selangor, Malaysia.DesignData on sociodemographic background were obtained from parents. Height and weight were measured and BMI-for-age was determined. Adolescents were interviewed on their habitual dietary intakes using a semi-quantitative FFQ. Cognitive ability was assessed using the Wechsler Nonverbal Scale of Ability in a one-to-one manner. Dietary patterns were constructed using principal component analysis based on thirty-eight food groups of the semi-quantitative FFQ.SettingUrban secondary public schools in the district of Gombak in Selangor, Malaysia.SubjectsMalay adolescents aged 12 to 13 years (n 416).ResultsThe mean general cognitive ability score was 101·8 (sd 12·4). Four major dietary patterns were identified and labelled as ‘refined-grain pattern’, ‘snack-food pattern’, ‘plant-based food pattern’ and ‘high-energy food pattern’. These dietary patterns explained 39·1 % of the variance in the habitual dietary intakes of the adolescents. The refined-grain pattern was negatively associated with processing speed, which is a construct of general cognitive ability. The high-energy food pattern was negatively associated with general cognitive ability, perceptual reasoning and processing speed. Monthly household income and parents’ educational attainment were positively associated with all of the cognitive measures. In multivariate analysis, only the high-energy food pattern was found to contribute significantly towards general cognitive ability after controlling for socio-economic status.ConclusionsConsumption of foods in the high-energy food pattern contributed towards general cognitive ability after controlling for socio-economic status. However, the contribution was small.
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Chiang PH, Huang LY, Lo YT, Lee MS, Wahlqvist ML. Bidirectionality and gender differences in emotional disturbance associations with obesity among Taiwanese schoolchildren. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2013; 34:3504-3516. [PMID: 23962598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is associated with psychological problems, but little is known about its association with emotional disturbance (ED) in the educational setting, especially by gender. In the population representative Elementary School Children's Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2001-2002 of children aged 6-13 (n=2283), we have considered whether ED is associated with obesity by gender. Schoolchildren were assessed with the modified scale for assessing emotional disturbance questionnaires. For some subscales, boys and girls had ED associations with obesity which were bidirectional. With normal weight as referent and relevant adjustments, the significant ED subscales predictable by obesity were relationship problems (RP) in boys (odds ratio, OR=1.89 with 95% CI: 1.08-3.30) and inappropriate behavior (IB) in girls (OR=2.88: 95% CI: 1.47-5.61). Conversely, with 'no-specific-ED' as referent, obesity was predictable by fully-adjusted specific-EDs in the same subscales, namely RP in boys (OR=1.88 with 95% CI: 1.13-3.13) and IB in girls (OR=3.03: 95% CI: 1.57-5.85). Child obesity prevalence showed no trend with school grade from 1 to 6, but for aggregate ED and most of its subscales the prevalence increased with grade (P for trend <0.01). Thus, there is some dissociation of obesity and ED as judged by their trend presence with school grade. Where obesity and ED occurred together (for inability-to-learn and unhappiness or depression), there were upward trends with grade (P<0.01). There are probably some selected bidirectional pathogenicities for obesity-ED associations with different expression in boys and girls and during elementary education. This provides some policy direction while mechanisms and causality require elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Huang Chiang
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Health Risk Management, College of Management, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC.
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Chen X, Lin Y, Zhang S, Chen Z, Hardi CF, Xiang T, Sun B. Correlation between pathogenesis of dampness syndrome and interleukin-2, interleukin-8 in rats. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2013; 33:114-8. [PMID: 23596823 DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(13)60111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the pathogenesis of dampness syndrome by detecting the changes of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels. METHODS Female Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups according to the random number table: a normal group (Group I), an external dampness group (Group II), an internal dampness group (Group III), and an external and internal dampness group (Group IV). Twenty days after the model made, IL-2 and IL-8 levels were detected by radioimmunoassay method. RESULTS The IL-2 and IL-8 levels among groups were significant (F = 3.102, P < 0.05; F = 2.657, P < 0.05, respectively). The level of IL-2 in Group II and Group III were higher than that in Group I (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively), especially higher in the Group III compared with Group II (P < 0.05). The level of IL-8 in Group III were higher than those in Group I, Group II and Group IV (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). In the Group III, the 24-hour water and body weight were higher than that in the Group IV (all P < 0.05), and spontaneous movement frequency was higher than those in Group II and Group IV (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Immune activation and inflammatory reaction might be easily caused by external dampness other than internal dampness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen Universty, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Lee MS, Huang LY, Chang YH, Huang STY, Yu HL, Wahlqvist ML. Lower birth weight and diet in Taiwanese girls more than boys predicts learning impediments. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2012; 33:2203-2212. [PMID: 22796640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Possible links between lower birth weight, childhood diet, and learning in Taiwan are evaluated. The population representative Elementary School Children's Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2001-2002 and the national birth registry were used to examine school and social performance using the modified Scale for Assessing Emotional Disturbance questionnaires in relation to diet quality by the Youth Healthy Eating Index-Taiwan and birth weight of children aged 6-13 years (n=2283). Lower birth weight (≤15th percentile: ≤2850 g for boys and ≤2700 g for girls) children were mostly from mountainous areas and of indigenous descent. Compared to normal birth weight, lower birth weight girls experienced greater inability to learn and weaker overall competence. Better diet quality predicted more favorable emotional and behavioral outcomes in lower birth weight girls, and this persisted with adjustment for covariates. None of these findings were evident among boys. Girls' cognitive and social development appears to be susceptible to diet quality and birth weight, such that the adverse risk of lower birth weight on school performance may be offset by improved diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meei-Shyuan Lee
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Sec. 6, Minchuan East Road, Taipei 114, Taiwan, ROC.
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Behrendt I, Krawinkel M. Kinder sollten mehr Obst und Gemüse essen. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2012; 55:254-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00103-011-1409-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Dietary patterns in Irish adolescents: a comparison of cluster and principal component analyses. Public Health Nutr 2011; 16:848-57. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980011002473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectivePattern analysis of adolescent diets may provide an important basis for nutritional health promotion. The aims of the present study were to examine and compare dietary patterns in adolescents using cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) and to examine the impact of the format of the dietary variables on the solutions.DesignAnalysis was based on the Irish National Teens Food Survey, in which food intake data were collected using a semi-quantitative 7 d food diary. Thirty-two food groups were created and were expressed as either g/d or percentage contribution to total energy. Dietary patterns were identified using cluster analysis (k-means) and PCA.SettingRepublic of Ireland, 2005–2006.SubjectsA representative sample of 441 adolescents aged 13–17 years.ResultsFive clusters based on percentage contribution to total energy were identified, ‘Healthy’, ‘Unhealthy’, ‘Rice/Pasta dishes’, ‘Sandwich’ and ‘Breakfast cereal & Main meal-type foods’. Four principal components based on g/d were identified which explained 28 % of total variance: ‘Healthy foods’, ‘Traditional foods’, ‘Sandwich foods’ and ‘Unhealthy foods’.ConclusionsA ‘Sandwich’ and an ‘Unhealthy’ pattern are the main dietary patterns in this sample. Patterns derived from either cluster analysis or PCA were comparable, although it appears that cluster analysis also identifies dietary patterns not identified through PCA, such as a ‘Breakfast cereal & Main meal-type foods’ pattern. Consideration of the format of the dietary variable is important as it can directly impact on the patterns obtained for both cluster analysis and PCA.
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Patterns of food acquisition in Brazilian households and associated factors: a population-based survey. Public Health Nutr 2011; 14:1586-92. [PMID: 21486524 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980011000486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify food acquisition patterns in Brazil and relate them to the sociodemographic characteristics of the household. DESIGN A cross-sectional national Household Budget Survey (HBS). Principal component factor analysis was used to derive food patterns (factors) on the basis of the acquisition of food classified into thirty-two food groups. SETTING The source of data originates from the 2002-2003 HBS carried out by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics between June 2002 and July 2003 using a representative sample of all Brazilian households. SUBJECT A total of 48 470 households allocated into 443 strata of households that were geographically and socio-economically homogeneous as a study unit. RESULTS We identified two patterns of food acquisition. The first, named 'dual', was characterized by dairy, fruit, fruit juice, vegetables, processed meat, soft drinks, sweets, bread and margarine, and by inverse correlations with Brazilian staple foods. In contrast, the second pattern, named 'traditional', was characterized by rice, beans, manioc, flour, milk and sugar. The 'dual' pattern was associated with higher household educational level, income and the average age of adults on the strata, whereas the 'traditional' presented higher loadings in less-educated households and in the rural setting. CONCLUSIONS Dietary patterns described here suggest that policies and programmes to promote healthy eating need to consider that healthy and non-healthy foods may be integrated within [corrected] the same pattern.
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Dietary habits of Palestinian adolescents and associated sociodemographic characteristics in Ramallah, Nablus and Hebron governorates. Public Health Nutr 2010; 13:1419-29. [PMID: 20441660 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980010000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe food habits and associated sociodemographic factors. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey in 2005. SETTING Ninety-six school classes in Ramallah, Nablus and Hebron governorates, Occupied Palestinian Territory. SUBJECTS Grade 8 and 9 students aged 13-15 years (n 2952). METHODS Self-administered student and parent questionnaires. RESULTS High standard of living (STL) index and residence in Ramallah were positively associated with intake of animal foods, Western-style foods, dairy products, fruits and vegetables, sweets and salty snacks. Only 26.1 % of the students ate three main meals daily; 26.2 % of the boys and 51.0 % of the girls had breakfast one to two times per week or less often (P < 0.001). Only one-quarter of students drank milk daily (32.9 % of boys and 18.3 % of girls, P < 0.001). The majority of students, boys and girls in similar proportions, consumed vegetables daily (72.8 % v. 73.8 %, respectively). Daily fruit consumption was also equally common among boys and girls (58.9 % v. 55.2 %, respectively), but with clear differences by STL, region and parents' education. Daily intake of sweets and salty snacks was common among girls, and daily intake of soft drinks was common among boys. CONCLUSIONS Irregular meal patterns were common among Palestinian adolescents. High STL and residence in Ramallah were associated with frequent intake of foods high in sugar and fat, but also with frequent intake of fruits and vegetables. Effective interventions are needed to establish healthy dietary habits.
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Saijo Y, Nakagi Y, Ito T, Sugioka Y, Endo H, Yoshida T. Dampness, food habits, and sick building syndrome symptoms in elementary school pupils. Environ Health Prev Med 2010; 15:276-84. [PMID: 21432556 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-010-0139-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Accepted: 02/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated dampness/mold in schools and dwellings, and food habits and subjective symptoms in elementary school pupils, in order to clarify the effect of dampness and food habits on subjective symptoms in elementary school pupils. METHODS Questionnaires were used to investigate dampness in classrooms and dwellings in Hokkaido, Japan, and its effect on subjective symptoms in 1,077 pupils in 8 elementary schools. We used a dampness index for both the home and classroom; the index was the sum of the presence of four dampness indicators: (1) visible mold, (2) moldy odor, (3) water leakage, and (4) condensation on windowpanes. The questionnaire also contained queries about food habits, as follows: the frequency of eating breakfast, whether the energy provided by the school lunch was sufficient, and whether eating too many snacks and/or sweets were consumed. Adjusted logistic regression was used to determine whether dampness and food habits were related to the subjective symptoms. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, the home dampness index was significantly related to cough, general symptoms, and having at least one symptom; the classroom dampness index was significantly related to nasal symptoms. In addition, usually not eating breakfast was significantly related to eye symptoms, and too many snacks and/or sweets was significantly related to eye, nasal, and general symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Both home and classroom dampness can affect pupils' health. Home dampness, in particular, was significantly related to cough and general symptoms, and classroom dampness was significantly related to nasal symptoms. Furthermore, favorable food habits have a positive effect on pupils' subjective symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Saijo
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical College, Midorigaoka, E2-1-1-1 Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan.
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Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the value of the methods used to assess dietary patterns for measuring nutrient intake adequacy in the population. Systematic review on Pubmed database up to April 2008. The search included specific key words and MeSH terms. No language limit was set. Only studies that compared food patterns with nutrient intake adequacy or nutrient biomarkers were included in the analysis. The search resulted in 1504 articles. The inclusion and exclusion criteria limited the selection to thirty articles. Nineteen studies evaluated the usefulness of the dietary patterns, eithera prioridefined (thirteen studies), or defined by factor analysis (four studies) or by cluster analysis (two studies), but only nine of them tested their validity (foura prioridefined and foura posterioridefined). Diet indices showed moderate to good validity results for measuring the adequacy of intakes for α-carotene, β-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin B6, Ca, folic acid, Fe and Mg. The factor analysis approach showed moderate to good validity correlations with the adequacy of intake of α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein, lycopene, vitamin C, vitamin B6and folic acid. Vitamin B12and vitamin E are the micronutrients with less probability of being adequately assessed with dietary patternsa prioriora posterioridefined. Diet indices are tools with fair to moderate validity to assess micronutrient intake adequacy.
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Sociodemographic correlates of food habits among school adolescents (12-15 year) in North Gaza Strip. BMC Public Health 2009; 9:185. [PMID: 19527503 PMCID: PMC2703636 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little information about meal patterns and food consumption of adolescents in Palestine. The objective of this study was to describe the association between sociodemographic factors and food intake, and meal patterns among Palestinian school adolescents (12-15 year) in North Gaza Strip. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2002 comprising 944 subjects in 10 schools in Gaza city, Jabalia village and Jabalia refugee camp. Self-administered questionnaires were filled in by students and parents to obtain data on frequency of meals, food intake and sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS High household socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with the increased number of meals and the increased intakes of many nutritious foods such as; animal food items, fruits and vegetables and dairy foods. The percentage of adolescents having breakfast daily of high and low SES was 74.5% vs 55% in boys and 65.6% vs 45% in girls. The percentage of girls with refugee status who had lunch was higher (90.2%) compared to the local citizen girls (83.9%), (p = 0.03). Girls were less likely to skip daily lunch (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.36-0.87, p = 0.01) compared to boys. Risk of skipping lunch was three times higher among adolescents living in the village compared to Gaza well-off area (OR = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.72-6.31, p < 0.001). Adolescents who were having lunch daily were less likely to skip breakfast or dinner. Only 11.6% of boys and 16.2% of girls consumed fruits daily. In multivariate analysis, SES was positively associated with food frequency intake scores in both genders. Boys from the refugee camp and the village had a significant higher consumption of fruits and vegetables than boys from high and low income area in Gaza City, while it was the opposite in girls. CONCLUSION Meal skipping is common, particularly among those of low SES and the intakes of many nutritious foods such as animal food items, fruits and vegetables and dairy foods seem to be low among adolescents of low SES. The results of this study could be used as an important base-line for future monitoring of the nutritional situation of adolescents.
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Abstract
This review discusses evidence-based perspectives on promoting children's nutritional health. Future directions for inquiry and empirically driven public policy initiatives also are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Terre
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouti-Kansas City,
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