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Lista S, Imbimbo BP, Grasso M, Fidilio A, Emanuele E, Minoretti P, López-Ortiz S, Martín-Hernández J, Gabelle A, Caruso G, Malaguti M, Melchiorri D, Santos-Lozano A, Imbimbo C, Heneka MT, Caraci F. Tracking neuroinflammatory biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: a strategy for individualized therapeutic approaches? J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:187. [PMID: 39080712 PMCID: PMC11289964 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent trials of anti-amyloid-β (Aβ) monoclonal antibodies, including lecanemab and donanemab, in early Alzheimer disease (AD) showed that these drugs have limited clinical benefits and their use comes with a significant risk of serious adverse events. Thus, it seems crucial to explore complementary therapeutic approaches. Genome-wide association studies identified robust associations between AD and several AD risk genes related to immune response, including but not restricted to CD33 and TREM2. Here, we critically reviewed the current knowledge on candidate neuroinflammatory biomarkers and their role in characterizing the pathophysiology of AD. MAIN BODY Neuroinflammation is recognized to be a crucial and contributing component of AD pathogenesis. The fact that neuroinflammation is most likely present from earliest pre-stages of AD and co-occurs with the deposition of Aβ reinforces the need to precisely define the sequence and nature of neuroinflammatory events. Numerous clinical trials involving anti-inflammatory drugs previously yielded unfavorable outcomes in early and mild-to-moderate AD. Although the reasons behind these failures remain unclear, these may include the time and the target selected for intervention. Indeed, in our review, we observed a stage-dependent neuroinflammatory process in the AD brain. While the initial activation of glial cells counteracts early brain Aβ deposition, the downregulation in the functional state of microglia occurs at more advanced disease stages. To address this issue, personalized neuroinflammatory modulation therapy is required. The emergence of reliable blood-based neuroinflammatory biomarkers, particularly glial fibrillary acidic protein, a marker of reactive astrocytes, may facilitate the classification of AD patients based on the ATI(N) biomarker framework. This expands upon the traditional classification of Aβ ("A"), tau ("T"), and neurodegeneration ("N"), by incorporating a novel inflammatory component ("I"). CONCLUSIONS The present review outlines the current knowledge on potential neuroinflammatory biomarkers and, importantly, emphasizes the role of longitudinal analyses, which are needed to accurately monitor the dynamics of cerebral inflammation. Such a precise information on time and place will be required before anti-inflammatory therapeutic interventions can be considered for clinical evaluation. We propose that an effective anti-neuroinflammatory therapy should specifically target microglia and astrocytes, while considering the individual ATI(N) status of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lista
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), 47012, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Bruno P Imbimbo
- Department of Research and Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, 43122, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Susana López-Ortiz
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Martín-Hernández
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Audrey Gabelle
- CMRR, Memory Resources and Research Center, Montpellier University of Excellence i-site, 34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018, Troina, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Malaguti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Melchiorri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alejandro Santos-Lozano
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), 47012, Valladolid, Spain
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Research Institute of the Hospital, 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Camillo Imbimbo
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michael T Heneka
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, 4367, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg.
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018, Troina, Italy.
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy.
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2
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Li Y, Li YJ, Fang X, Chen DQ, Yu WQ, Zhu ZQ. Peripheral inflammation as a potential mechanism and preventive strategy for perioperative neurocognitive disorder under general anesthesia and surgery. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1365448. [PMID: 39022312 PMCID: PMC11252726 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1365448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
General anesthesia, as a commonly used medical intervention, has been widely applied during surgical procedures to ensure rapid loss of consciousness and pain relief for patients. However, recent research suggests that general anesthesia may be associated with the occurrence of perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND). PND is characterized by a decline in cognitive function after surgery, including impairments in attention, memory, learning, and executive functions. With the increasing trend of population aging, the burden of PND on patients and society's health and economy is becoming more evident. Currently, the clinical consensus tends to believe that peripheral inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of PND, providing strong support for further investigating the mechanisms and prevention of PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Ying-Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Xu Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical School of North Sichuan Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Dong-Qin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wan-Qiu Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhao-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Early Clinical Research Ward of Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Blankenship AE, Yoksh L, Kueck PJ, Mahnken JD, Morris JK, Gupta A. Changes in Alzheimer's disease blood biomarkers in kidney failure before and after kidney transplant. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 16:e12614. [PMID: 38966621 PMCID: PMC11220407 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) blood biomarkers show promise for clinical diagnosis but their reliability in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is debated. This study investigates the impact of kidney transplant (KT) on AD biomarkers in CKD. METHODS We assessed AD biomarkers in 46 CKD patients pre-KT, at 12 weeks and 12 months post-KT, with baseline measures from 13 non-CKD controls. Using linear mixed models, we examined associations with participant groups, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and cognition. RESULTS CKD patients showed elevated levels of neurofilament light (117 ± 72 vs. 11 ± 5 pg/mL), phosphorylated tau 181 (75 ± 42 vs. 13 ± 8 pg/mL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (193 ± 127 vs. 94 ± 39 pg/mL), amyloid β 42 (17 ± 5 vs. 5 ± 1 pg/mL), and amyloid β 40 (259 ± 96 vs. 72 ± 17 pg/mL) compared to controls. Post-KT, biomarker levels approached normal with improved eGFR, paralleled by enhanced cognitive function. DISCUSSION AD blood biomarker elevations in CKD are reversible with improved kidney function through KT. Highlights AD biomarker levels are extremely high in severe CKD.AD biomarker levels are higher in patients with kidney failure on dialysis when compared to CKD patients not on dialysis.These elevations in AD biomarker levels in kidney failure are reversable and decrease dramatically after kidney transplantation.The change in biomarker levels after transplantation align with changes in kidney function.The change in biomarker levels after transplantation align with changes in cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneka E. Blankenship
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical CenterFairwayKansasUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Lauren Yoksh
- Department of Biostatistics & Data ScienceUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Paul J. Kueck
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical CenterFairwayKansasUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Jonathan D. Mahnken
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical CenterFairwayKansasUSA
- Department of Biostatistics & Data ScienceUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
- Frontiers Clinical & Translational Science Institute, University of Kansas Medical CenterFairwayKansasUSA
| | - Jill K. Morris
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical CenterFairwayKansasUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Aditi Gupta
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical CenterFairwayKansasUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
- Frontiers Clinical & Translational Science Institute, University of Kansas Medical CenterFairwayKansasUSA
- Division of Nephrology and HypertensionDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
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4
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Matthews DC, Kinney JW, Ritter A, Andrews RD, Toledano Strom EN, Lukic AS, Koenig LN, Revta C, Fillit HM, Zhong K, Tousi B, Leverenz JB, Feldman HH, Cummings J. Relationships between plasma biomarkers, tau PET, FDG PET, and volumetric MRI in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease patients. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2024; 10:e12490. [PMID: 38988416 PMCID: PMC11233274 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The "A/T/N" (amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration) framework provides a biological basis for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis and can encompass additional changes such as inflammation ("I"). A spectrum of T/N/I imaging and plasma biomarkers was acquired in a phase 2 clinical trial of rasagiline in mild to moderate AD patients. We evaluated these to understand biomarker distributions and relationships within this population. METHODS Plasma biomarkers of pTau-181, neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), other inflammation-related proteins, imaging measures including fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), flortaucipir PET, and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cognitive endpoints were analyzed to assess characteristics and relationships for the overall population (N = 47 at baseline and N = 21 for longitudinal cognitive comparisons) and within age-decade subgroups (57-69, 70-79, 80-90 years). RESULTS Data demonstrate wide clinical and biomarker heterogeneity in this population influenced by age and sex. Plasma pTau-181 and GFAP correlate with tau PET, most strongly in left inferior temporal cortex (p = 0.0002, p = 0.0006, respectively). In regions beyond temporal cortex, tau PET uptake decreased with age for the same pTau-181 or GFAP concentrations. FDG PET and brain volumes correlate with tau PET in numerous regions (such as inferior temporal: p = 0.0007, p = 0.00001, respectively). NfL, GFAP, and all imaging modalities correlate with baseline MMSE; subsequent MMSE decline is predicted by baseline parahippocampal and lateral temporal tau PET (p = 0.0007) and volume (p = 0.0006). Lateral temporal FDG PET (p = 0.006) and volume (p = 0.0001) are most strongly associated with subsequent ADAS-cog decline. NfL correlates with FDG PET and baseline MMSE but not tau PET. Inflammation biomarkers are intercorrelated but correlated with other biomarkers in only the youngest group. DISCUSSION Associations between plasma biomarkers, imaging biomarkers, and cognitive status observed in this study provide insight into relationships among biological processes in mild to moderate AD. Findings show the potential to characterize AD patients regarding likely tau pathology, neurodegeneration, prospective clinical decline, and the importance of covariates such as age. Highlights Plasma pTau-181 and GFAP correlated with regional and global tau PET in mild to moderate AD.NfL correlated with FDG PET and cognitive endpoints but not plasma pTau-181 or tau PET.Volume and FDG PET showed strong relationships to tau PET, one another, and cognitive status.Temporal volumes most strongly predicted decline in both MMSE and ADAS-cog.Volume and plasma biomarkers can enrich for elevated tau PET with age a significant covariate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jefferson W Kinney
- Department of Brain Health University of Nevada Las Vegas Las Vegas Nevada USA
| | - Aaron Ritter
- Hoag Pickup Family Neurosciences Institute Newport Beach California USA
| | | | - Erin N Toledano Strom
- Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience Department of Brain Health School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas Las Vegas Nevada USA
| | - Ana S Lukic
- ADM Diagnostics, Inc. Northbrook Illinois USA
| | | | - Carolyn Revta
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine La Jolla California USA
| | | | - Kate Zhong
- CNS Innovations LLC Henderson Nevada USA
| | - Babak Tousi
- Cleveland Clinical Lous Ruvo Center for Brain Health Cleveland Ohio USA
| | | | - Howard H Feldman
- Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine La Jolla California USA
- Department of Neurosciences University of California San Diego La Jolla California USA
| | - Jeffrey Cummings
- Chambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience Department of Brain Health School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas Las Vegas Nevada USA
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5
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Wang X, Kang J, Li X, Wu P, Huang Y, Duan Y, Feng J, Wang J. Codonopsis pilosula water extract delays D-galactose-induced aging of the brain in mice by activating autophagy and regulating metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:118016. [PMID: 38462027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Codonopsis pilosula (C. pilosula), also called "Dangshen" in Chinese, is derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. (C. pilosula), Codonopsis pilosula var. Modesta (Nannf.) L.D.Shen (C. pilosula var. modesta) or Codonopsis pilosula subsp. Tangshen (Oliv.) D.Y.Hong (C. pilosula subsp. tangshen), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. It has been regularly used for anti-aging, strengthening the spleen and tonifying the lungs, regulating blood sugar, lowering blood pressure, strengthening the body's immune system, etc. However, the mechanism, by which, C. pilosula exerts its therapeutic effects on brain aging remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the protective effects of C. pilosula water extract (CPWE) on the hippocampal tissue of D-galactose-induced aging mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this research, plant taxonomy has been confirmed in the "The Plant List" database (www.theplantlist.org). First, an aging mouse model was established through the intraperitoneal injections of D-galactose solution, and low-, medium-, and high-dose CPWE were administered to mice by gavage for 42 days. Then, the learning and memory abilities of the mice were examined using the Morris water maze tests and step-down test. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to visualize histopathological damage in the hippocampus. A transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to examine the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the marker protein of astrocyte activation, and autophagy-related proteins, including microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)/p62, in the hippocampal tissues of mice. Moreover, targeted metabolomic analysis was performed to assess the changes in polar metabolites and short-chain fatty acids in the hippocampus. RESULTS First, CPWE alleviated cognitive impairment and ameliorated hippocampal tissue damage in aging mice. Furthermore, CPWE markedly alleviated mitochondrial damage, restored the number of autophagosomes, and activated autophagy in the hippocampal tissue of aging mice by increasing the expression of LC3 protein and reducing the expression of p62 protein. Meanwhile, the expression levels of the brain injury marker protein GFAP decreased. Moreover, quantitative targeted metabolomic analysis revealed that CPWE intervention reversed the abnormal levels of L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid, L-glutamine, serotonin hydrochloride, succinic acid, and acetic acid in the hippocampal tissue of aging mice. CPWE also significantly regulated pathways associated with D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolisms, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS CPWE could improve cognitive and pathological conditions induced by D-galactose in aging mice by activating autophagy and regulating metabolism, thereby slowing down brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Wang
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jiachao Kang
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuechan Li
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Pingmin Wu
- Teaching Experiment Training Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yongqiang Duan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Juan Feng
- College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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6
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Yang HS, Yau WYW, Carlyle BC, Trombetta BA, Zhang C, Shirzadi Z, Schultz AP, Pruzin JJ, Fitzpatrick CD, Kirn DR, Rabin JS, Buckley RF, Hohman TJ, Rentz DM, Tanzi RE, Johnson KA, Sperling RA, Arnold SE, Chhatwal JP. Plasma VEGFA and PGF impact longitudinal tau and cognition in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Brain 2024; 147:2158-2168. [PMID: 38315899 PMCID: PMC11146430 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Alterations in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways have been implicated as potential mechanisms. However, the specific impact of VEGF proteins in preclinical Alzheimer's disease and their relationships with other Alzheimer's disease and vascular pathologies during this critical early period remain to be elucidated. We included 317 older adults from the Harvard Aging Brain Study, a cohort of individuals who were cognitively unimpaired at baseline and followed longitudinally for up to 12 years. Baseline VEGF family protein levels (VEGFA, VEGFC, VEGFD, PGF and FLT1) were measured in fasting plasma using high-sensitivity immunoassays. Using linear mixed effects models, we examined the interactive effects of baseline plasma VEGF proteins and amyloid PET burden (Pittsburgh Compound-B) on longitudinal cognition (Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite-5). We further investigated if effects on cognition were mediated by early neocortical tau accumulation (flortaucipir PET burden in the inferior temporal cortex) or hippocampal atrophy. Lastly, we examined the impact of adjusting for baseline cardiovascular risk score or white matter hyperintensity volume. Baseline plasma VEGFA and PGF each showed a significant interaction with amyloid burden on prospective cognitive decline. Specifically, low VEGFA and high PGF were associated with greater cognitive decline in individuals with elevated amyloid, i.e. those on the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Concordantly, low VEGFA and high PGF were associated with accelerated longitudinal tau accumulation in those with elevated amyloid. Moderated mediation analyses confirmed that accelerated tau accumulation fully mediated the effects of low VEGFA and partially mediated (31%) the effects of high PGF on faster amyloid-related cognitive decline. The effects of VEGFA and PGF on tau and cognition remained significant after adjusting for cardiovascular risk score or white matter hyperintensity volume. There were concordant but non-significant associations with longitudinal hippocampal atrophy. Together, our findings implicate low VEGFA and high PGF in accelerating early neocortical tau pathology and cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, our results underscore the potential of these minimally-invasive plasma biomarkers to inform the risk of Alzheimer's disease progression in the preclinical population. Importantly, VEGFA and PGF appear to capture distinct effects from vascular risks and cerebrovascular injury. This highlights their potential as new therapeutic targets, in combination with anti-amyloid and traditional vascular risk reduction therapies, to slow the trajectory of preclinical Alzheimer's disease and delay or prevent the onset of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Sik Yang
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wai-Ying Wendy Yau
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Becky C Carlyle
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Alzheimer’s Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Bianca A Trombetta
- Alzheimer’s Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Can Zhang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Alzheimer’s Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Zahra Shirzadi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aaron P Schultz
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jeremy J Pruzin
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Banner Alzheimer’s Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA
| | | | - Dylan R Kirn
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer S Rabin
- Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation and Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Rachel F Buckley
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Timothy J Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Dorene M Rentz
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Keith A Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Reisa A Sperling
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Alzheimer’s Clinical and Translational Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jasmeer P Chhatwal
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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7
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Ohara T, Tatebe H, Hata J, Honda T, Shibata M, Matsuura S, Mikami T, Maeda T, Ono K, Mimura M, Nakashima K, Iga JI, Takebayashi M, Tokuda T, Ninomiya T. Plasma biomarkers for predicting the development of dementia in a community-dwelling older Japanese population. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 78:362-371. [PMID: 38606661 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM To assess the association between plasma amyloid β (Aβ) 42/40, phosphorylated tau (p-τ)181, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), or neurofilament light chain (NfL) and the risk of dementia and to determine whether these plasma biomarkers could improve the ability to predict incident dementia in a general older population. METHODS A total of 1346 Japanese community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years without dementia were followed prospectively for 5.0 years. Plasma biomarkers were quantified using a Simoa HD-X analyzer. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios of each plasma biomarker level for the risk of dementia. RESULTS During the follow-up, 151 participants developed dementia, of whom 108 had Alzheimer disease (AD) and 43 non-Alzheimer dementia (non-AD). Lower plasma Aβ42/40 levels and higher plasma p-τ181 levels were significantly associated with developing AD but not non-AD, whereas significant associations were observed between higher plasma levels of GFAP and NfL and risk of both AD and non-AD (all P for trend <0.05). In addition, adding these four plasma biomarkers into a model consisting of the total score of the dementia risk model significantly improved the predictive ability for incident dementia. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that plasma Aβ42/40 and p-τ181 are specific markers of AD, and plasma GFAP and NfL are potential biomarkers for all-cause dementia in the general Japanese older population. In addition, the measurement of these plasma biomarkers may be a useful and relatively low-invasive procedure for identifying individuals at high risk for developing dementia in clinical practice.
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Grants
- JP21H03200 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP21K07522 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP21K10448 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP21K11725 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP22K07421 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP22K17396 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP23K06787 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP23K09060 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP23K09692 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP23K09717 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP23K16330 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- JP21dk0207055 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- JP22dk0207053 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- JP23km0405209 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- JPMH23FA1006 Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan
- JPMH23FA1022 Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan
- JPMJPF2210 JST Grant
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Ohara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Harutsugu Tatebe
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanori Honda
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mao Shibata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sayo Matsuura
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Mikami
- Department of Preemptive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Maeda
- Division of Neurology and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Ono
- Department of Neurology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakashima
- National Hospital Organization, Matsue Medical Center, Shimane, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Iga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Minoru Takebayashi
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takahiko Tokuda
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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8
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Tao Q, Lu P, Meng F, Zhuang L, Qiao S, Zhang Y, Luo B, Liu Y, Peng G. Diagnostic value of isolated plasma biomarkers and its combination in neurodegenerative dementias: A multicenter cohort study. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 558:118784. [PMID: 38588788 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.118784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma amyloid-β (Aβ), phosphorylated tau-181 (p-tau181), neurofilament light (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) potentially aid in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative dementias. We aim to conduct a comprehensive comparison between different biomarkers and their combination, which is lacking, in a multicenter Chinese dementia cohort consisting of Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). METHODS We enrolled 92 demented patients [64 AD, 16 FTD, and 12 PSP with dementia] and 20 healthy controls (HC). Their plasma Αβ, p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP were detected by highly sensitive-single molecule immunoassays. Αβ pathology in patients was measured by cerebrospinal fluid or/and amyloid positron emission tomography. RESULTS All plasma biomarkers tested were significantly altered in dementia patients compared with HC, especially Aβ42/Aβ40 and NfL showed significant performance in distinguishing AD from HC. A combination of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40, p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP could discriminate FTD or PSP well from HC and was able to distinguish AD and non-AD (FTD/PSP). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirmed the diagnostic performance of individual plasma biomarkers Aβ42/Aβ40, p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP in Chinese dementia patients and noted that a combination of these biomarkers may be more accurate in identifying FTD/PSP patients and distinguishing AD from non-AD dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Shengzhou People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Qingqing Tao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peilin Lu
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fanxia Meng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liying Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song Qiao
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Benyan Luo
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, KirrbergerstraBe Geb., 90D-66421 Homburg/Sarr, German.
| | - Guoping Peng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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9
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Abukuri DN. Novel Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: Plasma Neurofilament Light and Cerebrospinal Fluid. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 2024:6668159. [PMID: 38779175 PMCID: PMC11111307 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6668159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) represent an increasingly significant public health concern. As clinical diagnosis faces challenges, biomarkers are becoming increasingly important in research, trials, and patient assessments. While biomarkers like amyloid-β peptide, tau proteins, CSF levels (Aβ, tau, and p-tau), and neuroimaging techniques are commonly used in AD diagnosis, they are often limited and invasive in monitoring and diagnosis. For this reason, blood-based biomarkers are the optimal choice for detecting neurodegeneration in brain diseases due to their noninvasiveness, affordability, reliability, and consistency. This literature review focuses on plasma neurofilament light (NfL) and CSF NfL as blood-based biomarkers used in recent AD diagnosis. The findings revealed that the core CSF biomarkers of neurodegeneration (T-tau, P-tau, and Aβ42), CSF NFL, and plasma T-tau were strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease, and the core biomarkers were strongly associated with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease. Elevated levels of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid NfL were linked to decreased [18F]FDG uptake in corresponding brain areas. In participants with Aβ positivity (Aβ+), NfL correlated with reduced metabolism in regions susceptible to Alzheimer's disease. In addition, CSF NfL levels correlate with brain atrophy and predict cognitive changes, while plasma total tau does not. Plasma P-tau, especially in combination with Aβ42/Aβ40, is promising for symptomatic AD stages. Though not AD-exclusive, blood NfL holds promise for neurodegeneration detection and assessing treatment efficacy. Given the consistent levels of T-tau, P-tau, Aβ42, and NFL in CSF, their incorporation into both clinical practice and research is highly recommended.
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10
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Sánchez-Juan P, Valeriano-Lorenzo E, Ruiz-González A, Pastor AB, Rodrigo Lara H, López-González F, Zea-Sevilla MA, Valentí M, Frades B, Ruiz P, Saiz L, Burgueño-García I, Calero M, del Ser T, Rábano A. Serum GFAP levels correlate with astrocyte reactivity, post-mortem brain atrophy and neurofibrillary tangles. Brain 2024; 147:1667-1679. [PMID: 38634687 PMCID: PMC11068326 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a proxy of astrocyte reactivity, has been proposed as biomarker of Alzheimer's disease. However, there is limited information about the correlation between blood biomarkers and post-mortem neuropathology. In a single-centre prospective clinicopathological cohort of 139 dementia patients, for which the time-frame between GFAP level determination and neuropathological assessment was exceptionally short (on average 139 days), we analysed this biomarker, measured at three time points, in relation to proxies of disease progression such as cognitive decline and brain weight. Most importantly, we investigated the use of blood GFAP to detect the neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease, while accounting for potential influences of the most frequent brain co-pathologies. The main findings demonstrated an association between serum GFAP level and post-mortem tau pathology (β = 12.85; P < 0.001) that was independent of amyloid deposits (β = 13.23; P = 0.02). A mediation analysis provided additional support for the role of astrocytic activation as a link between amyloid and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between pre-mortem serum GFAP and brain weight at post-mortem (r = -0.35; P < 0.001). This finding, together with evidence of a negative correlation with cognitive assessments (r = -0.27; P = 0.005), supports the role of GFAP as a biomarker for disease monitoring, even in the late phases of Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, the diagnostic performance of GFAP in advanced dementia patients was explored, and its discriminative power (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve at baseline = 0.91) in differentiating neuropathologically-confirmed Alzheimer's disease dementias from non-Alzheimer's disease dementias was determined, despite the challenging scenario of advanced age and frequent co-pathologies in these patients. Independently of Alzheimer's disease, serum GFAP levels were shown to be associated with two other pathologies targeting the temporal lobes-hippocampal sclerosis (β = 3.64; P = 0.03) and argyrophilic grain disease (β = -6.11; P = 0.02). Finally, serum GFAP levels were revealed to be correlated with astrocyte reactivity, using the brain GFAP-immunostained area as a proxy (ρ = 0.21; P = 0.02). Our results contribute to increasing evidence suggesting a role for blood GFAP as an Alzheimer's disease biomarker, and the findings offer mechanistic insights into the relationship between blood GFAP and Alzheimer's disease neuropathology, highlighting its ties with tau burden. Moreover, the data highlighting an independent association between serum GFAP levels and other neuropathological lesions provide information for clinicians to consider when interpreting test results. The longitudinal design and correlation with post-mortem data reinforce the robustness of our findings. However, studies correlating blood biomarkers and neuropathological assessments are still scant, and further research is needed to replicate and validate these results in diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alicia Ruiz-González
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Pastor
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hector Rodrigo Lara
- Banco de Cerebros de la Región de Murcia, Neuropathology Department, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Meritxell Valentí
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belen Frades
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Ruiz
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Saiz
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Burgueño-García
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Calero
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Chronic Disease Programme, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teodoro del Ser
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Rábano
- Alzheimer’s Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Research Platforms, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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11
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Sintini I, Singh NA, Li D, Mielke MM, Machulda MM, Schwarz CG, Senjem ML, Jack CR, Lowe VJ, Graff‐Radford J, Josephs KA, Whitwell JL. Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein in the visual and language variants of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:3679-3686. [PMID: 38528318 PMCID: PMC11095421 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in plasma is a proxy for astrocytic activity and is elevated in amyloid-β (Aβ)-positive individuals, making GFAP a potential blood-based biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS We assessed plasma GFAP in 72 Aβ-positive participants diagnosed with the visual or language variant of AD who underwent Aβ- and tau-PET. Fifty-nine participants had follow-up imaging. Linear regression was applied on GFAP and imaging quantities. RESULTS GFAP did not correlate with Aβ- or tau-PET cross-sectionally. There was a limited positive correlation between GFAP and rates of tau accumulation, particularly in the language variant of AD, although associations were weaker after removing one outlier patient with the highest GFAP level. DISCUSSION Among Aβ-positive AD participants with atypical presentations, plasma GFAP did not correlate with levels of AD pathology on PET, suggesting that the associations between GFAP and AD pathology might plateau during the advanced phase of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Sintini
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | | | - Danni Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Michelle M. Mielke
- Department of Epidemiology and PreventionWake Forest UniversityWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Mary M. Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | | | | | | | - Val J. Lowe
- Department of RadiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
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12
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Rasing I, Voigt S, Koemans EA, de Kort AM, van Harten TW, van Etten ES, van Zwet EW, Stoops E, Francois C, Kuiperij HB, Klijn CJM, Schreuder FHBM, van der Weerd L, van Osch MJP, van Walderveen MAA, Verbeek MM, Terwindt GM, Wermer MJH. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acid protein levels in early and advanced stages of cerebral amyloid Angiopathy. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:86. [PMID: 38654326 PMCID: PMC11036675 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofilament light chain (NFL) is a biomarker for neuroaxonal damage and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) for reactive astrocytosis. Both processes occur in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), but studies investigating the potential of NFL and GFAP as markers for CAA are lacking. We aimed to investigate NFL and GFAP as biomarkers for neuroaxonal damage and astrocytosis in CAA. METHODS For this cross-sectional study serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected between 2010 and 2020 from controls, (pre)symptomatic Dutch-type hereditary (D-CAA) mutation-carriers and participants with sporadic CAA (sCAA) from two prospective CAA studies at two University hospitals in the Netherlands. NFL and GFAP levels were measured with Simoa-assays. The association between NFL and GFAP levels and age, cognitive performance (MoCA), CAA-related MRI markers (CAA-CSVD-burden) and Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in CSF were assessed with linear regression adjusted for confounders. The control group was divided in age < 55 and ≥55 years to match the specific groups. RESULTS We included 187 participants: 28 presymptomatic D-CAA mutation-carriers (mean age 40 years), 29 symptomatic D-CAA participants (mean age 58 years), 59 sCAA participants (mean age 72 years), 33 controls < 55 years (mean age 42 years) and 38 controls ≥ 55 years (mean age 65 years). In presymptomatic D-CAA, only GFAP in CSF (7.7*103pg/mL vs. 4.4*103pg/mL in controls; P<.001) was increased compared to controls. In symptomatic D-CAA, both serum (NFL:26.2pg/mL vs. 12.5pg/mL; P=0.008, GFAP:130.8pg/mL vs. 123.4pg/mL; P=0.027) and CSF (NFL:16.8*102pg/mL vs. 7.8*102pg/mL; P=0.01 and GFAP:11.4*103pg/mL vs. 7.5*103pg/mL; P<.001) levels were higher than in controls and serum levels (NFL:26.2pg/mL vs. 6.7pg/mL; P=0.05 and GFAP:130.8pg/mL vs. 66.0pg/mL; P=0.004) were higher than in pre-symptomatic D-CAA. In sCAA, only NFL levels were increased compared to controls in both serum (25.6pg/mL vs. 12.5pg/mL; P=0.005) and CSF (20.0*102pg/mL vs 7.8*102pg/mL; P=0.008). All levels correlated with age. Serum NFL correlated with MoCA (P=0.008) and CAA-CSVD score (P<.001). NFL and GFAP in CSF correlated with Aβ42 levels (P=0.01/0.02). CONCLUSIONS GFAP level in CSF is an early biomarker for CAA and is increased years before symptom onset. NFL and GFAP levels in serum and CSF are biomarkers for advanced CAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingeborg Rasing
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Sabine Voigt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Emma A Koemans
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M de Kort
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs W van Harten
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ellis S van Etten
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik W van Zwet
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - H Bea Kuiperij
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina J M Klijn
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris H B M Schreuder
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Louise van der Weerd
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Marcel M Verbeek
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gisela M Terwindt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke J H Wermer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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13
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Delaby C, Lehmann S. [On the road to biological blood diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease?]. Med Sci (Paris) 2024; 40:351-360. [PMID: 38651960 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2024037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing number of people suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a major public health problem. The diagnosis of AD is multidisciplinary and involves the use of amyloid and tau biomarkers measured in cerebrospinal fluid. Recent advances in analytical techniques now allow us to measure these biomarkers in blood. Blood biomarkers offer particularly promising potential for early, minimally invasive detection of AD, as well as for differential diagnosis of dementia and patient follow-up. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of current and candidate blood biomarkers for AD, their informative value, and their potential to be integrated into clinical practice in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Delaby
- LBPC-PPC, Université Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INM Inserm U1298, Montpellier, France - Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelone, Espagne
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- LBPC-PPC, Université Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INM Inserm U1298, Montpellier, France
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14
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Chong JR, Chai YL, Yam ATY, Hilal S, Vrooman H, Venketasubramanian N, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Ashton NJ, Chen CP, Lai MKP. Association of plasma GFAP with elevated brain amyloid is dependent on severity of white matter lesions in an Asian cognitively impaired cohort. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 16:e12576. [PMID: 38605996 PMCID: PMC11007806 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While elevated blood glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) has been associated with brain amyloid pathology, whether this association occurs in populations with high cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) concomitance remains unclear. METHODS Using a Singapore-based cohort of cognitively impaired subjects, we assessed associations between plasma GFAP and neuroimaging measures of brain amyloid and CSVD, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH). We also examined the diagnostic performance of plasma GFAP in detecting brain amyloid beta positivity (Aβ+). RESULTS When stratified by WMH status, elevated brain amyloid was associated with higher plasma GFAP only in the WMH- group (β = 0.383; P < 0.001). The diagnostic performance of plasma GFAP in identifying Aβ+ was significantly higher in the WMH- group (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.896) than in the WMH+ group (AUC = 0.712, P = 0.008). DISCUSSION The biomarker utility of plasma GFAP in detecting brain amyloid pathology is dependent on the severity of concomitant WMH. Highlight Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)'s association with brain amyloid is unclear in populations with high cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).Plasma GFAP was measured in a cohort with CSVD and brain amyloid.Plasma GFAP was better in detecting amyloid in patients with low CSVD versus high CSVD.Biomarker utility of GFAP in detecting brain amyloid depends on the severity of CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce R. Chong
- Department of PharmacologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeKent RidgeSingapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition CentreNational University Health SystemsKent RidgeSingapore
| | - Yuek Ling Chai
- Department of PharmacologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeKent RidgeSingapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition CentreNational University Health SystemsKent RidgeSingapore
| | - Amelia T. Y. Yam
- Department of PharmacologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeKent RidgeSingapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition CentreNational University Health SystemsKent RidgeSingapore
| | - Saima Hilal
- Department of PharmacologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeKent RidgeSingapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition CentreNational University Health SystemsKent RidgeSingapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public HealthNational University of Singapore and National University Health SystemKent RidgeSingapore
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Henri Vrooman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineErasmus Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | | | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGöteborgSweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGöteborgSweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseThe UCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | - Nicholas J. Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGöteborgSweden
| | - Christopher P. Chen
- Department of PharmacologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeKent RidgeSingapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition CentreNational University Health SystemsKent RidgeSingapore
| | - Mitchell K. P. Lai
- Department of PharmacologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeKent RidgeSingapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition CentreNational University Health SystemsKent RidgeSingapore
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15
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Rossano SM, Johnson AS, Smith A, Ziaggi G, Roetman A, Guzman D, Okafor A, Klein J, Tomljanovic Z, Stern Y, Brickman AM, Lee S, Kreisl WC, Lao P. Microglia measured by TSPO PET are associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology and mediate key steps in a disease progression model. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2397-2407. [PMID: 38298155 PMCID: PMC11032543 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests microglial activation precedes regional tau and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We characterized microglia with translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) within an AD progression model where global amyloid beta (Aβ) precedes local tau and neurodegeneration, resulting in cognitive impairment. METHODS Florbetaben, PBR28, and MK-6240 PET, T1 magnetic resonance imaging, and cognitive measures were performed in 19 cognitively unimpaired older adults and 22 patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild AD to examine associations among microglia activation, Aβ, tau, and cognition, adjusting for neurodegeneration. Mediation analyses evaluated the possible role of microglial activation along the AD progression model. RESULTS Higher PBR28 uptake was associated with higher Aβ, higher tau, and lower MMSE score, independent of neurodegeneration. PBR28 mediated associations between tau in early and middle Braak stages, between tau and neurodegeneration, and between neurodegeneration and cognition. DISCUSSION Microglia are associated with AD pathology and cognition and may mediate relationships between subsequent steps in AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M. Rossano
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Aubrey S. Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Anna Smith
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Galen Ziaggi
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Andrew Roetman
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Diana Guzman
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Amarachukwu Okafor
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Julia Klein
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineUniversity of California Los Angeles HealthLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Zeljko Tomljanovic
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Adam M. Brickman
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Seonjoo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and BiostatisticsColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - William C. Kreisl
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Patrick Lao
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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16
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Zhang Y, Ye S, Zhang Y, Sun H, Zhao X, Shen X, Wu L. Potential salivary and serum biomarkers for burning mouth syndrome and their relationship with anxiety/depression. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:1052-1060. [PMID: 38618099 PMCID: PMC11010615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose The pathophysiology of burning mouth syndrome (BMS), although considered a multifactorial etiology including psychological factors, is still not well understood. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the potential usage of salivary and serum biomarkers, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in diagnosing BMS and their correlations with anxiety/depression. Materials and methods 45 BMS patients and 14 healthy volunteers were enrolled. The patients were divided into BMS with anxiety/depression group and BMS without anxiety/depression group according to the scores of the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Additionally, concentrations of BDNF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in saliva and those in serum among the patients and healthy volunteers were assessed by multiplex assay using Luminex 200TM system and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results Among all the serum biomarkers, only BDNF showed a statistically significant decrease in the patients than the healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). Regarding saliva biomarkers, BDNF, IL-1β, and IL-8 all exhibited a statistically significant increase in all the BMS patients versus the healthy volunteers (P < 0.05) but only BDNF was significantly different between patients with anxiety/depression and healthy individuals when considering anxiety/depression. Among BMS patients with anxiety/depression, saliva TNF-α had positive associations with other biomarkers including BDNF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 (P < 0.05). Conclusion The increased concentration of saliva BDNF holds strong potential for diagnosing BMS and the elevated level of saliva TNF-α is crucial in identifying BMS patients with anxiety/depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sai Ye
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangqing Zhang
- No.2 High School of East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxian Zhao
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemin Shen
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Cohen J, Mathew A, Dourvetakis KD, Sanchez-Guerrero E, Pangeni RP, Gurusamy N, Aenlle KK, Ravindran G, Twahir A, Isler D, Sosa-Garcia SR, Llizo A, Bested AC, Theoharides TC, Klimas NG, Kempuraj D. Recent Research Trends in Neuroinflammatory and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cells 2024; 13:511. [PMID: 38534355 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are chronic major health disorders. The exact mechanism of the neuroimmune dysfunctions of these disease pathogeneses is currently not clearly understood. These disorders show dysregulated neuroimmune and inflammatory responses, including activation of neurons, glial cells, and neurovascular unit damage associated with excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, neurotoxic mediators, and infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the brain, as well as entry of inflammatory mediators through damaged neurovascular endothelial cells, blood-brain barrier and tight junction proteins. Activation of glial cells and immune cells leads to the release of many inflammatory and neurotoxic molecules that cause neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Gulf War Illness (GWI) and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) are chronic disorders that are also associated with neuroimmune dysfunctions. Currently, there are no effective disease-modifying therapeutic options available for these diseases. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons, astrocytes, microglia, endothelial cells and pericytes are currently used for many disease models for drug discovery. This review highlights certain recent trends in neuroinflammatory responses and iPSC-derived brain cell applications in neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Cohen
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Annette Mathew
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Kirk D Dourvetakis
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Estella Sanchez-Guerrero
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Rajendra P Pangeni
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Kristina K Aenlle
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
- Miami VA Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Geeta Ravindran
- Cell Therapy Institute, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Assma Twahir
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Dylan Isler
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Sara Rukmini Sosa-Garcia
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Axel Llizo
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Alison C Bested
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Theoharis C Theoharides
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Nancy G Klimas
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
- Miami VA Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Duraisamy Kempuraj
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
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18
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Wu LY, Chai YL, Cheah IK, Chia RSL, Hilal S, Arumugam TV, Chen CP, Lai MKP. Blood-based biomarkers of cerebral small vessel disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102247. [PMID: 38417710 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Age-associated cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) represents a clinically heterogenous condition, arising from diverse microvascular mechanisms. These lead to chronic cerebrovascular dysfunction and carry a substantial risk of subsequent stroke and vascular cognitive impairment in aging populations. Owing to advances in neuroimaging, in vivo visualization of cerebral vasculature abnormities and detection of CSVD, including lacunes, microinfarcts, microbleeds and white matter lesions, is now possible, but remains a resource-, skills- and time-intensive approach. As a result, there has been a recent proliferation of blood-based biomarker studies for CSVD aimed at developing accessible screening tools for early detection and risk stratification. However, a good understanding of the pathophysiological processes underpinning CSVD is needed to identify and assess clinically useful biomarkers. Here, we provide an overview of processes associated with CSVD pathogenesis, including endothelial injury and dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, perivascular neuronal damage as well as cardiovascular dysfunction. Then, we review clinical studies of the key biomolecules involved in the aforementioned processes. Lastly, we outline future trends and directions for CSVD biomarker discovery and clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Yun Wu
- Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuek Ling Chai
- Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Irwin K Cheah
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Neurobiology Programme, Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rachel S L Chia
- Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saima Hilal
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Kent Ridge, Singapore
| | - Thiruma V Arumugam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher P Chen
- Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mitchell K P Lai
- Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Penalva-Olcina R, Juan C, Fernández-Franzón M, Juan-García A. Involvement of pro-inflammatory mediators and cell cycle disruption in neuronal cells induced by gliotoxin and ochratoxin A after individual and combined exposure. Toxicol Lett 2024; 393:24-32. [PMID: 38244709 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins such as gliotoxin (GTX) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are secondary metabolites of Aspergillus and Penicillum found in food and feed. Both mycotoxins have shown to exert a detrimental effect on neuronal activity. The following study was carried out to elucidate the mechanisms by which GTX and OTA exert their toxicity. Non-differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronal-like cells were treated with GTX, OTA and their combinations to assess their cytotoxic effect using the MTT assay during 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure. Based on the results of the cytotoxic assays, cell cycle proliferation and immunological mediators were measured by determining the production of IL-6 and TNF-α using flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. The IC50 values obtained were 1.24 and 1.35 µM when SH-SY5Y cells were treated with GTX at 48 h and 72 h, respectively. IC50 values of 8.25, 5.49 and 4.5 µM were obtained for OTA treatment at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively. The SubG0 phase increased in both treatments at 24 and 48 h. On the other hand, IL-6 and TNF-α production was increased in all mycotoxin treatments studied and was more pronounced for [GTX + OTA] after 48 h exposure. The additive and synergistic effect observed by the isobologram analysis between GTX and OTA resulted to a higher cytotoxicity which can be explained by the increased production of IL-6 and TNF-α inflammatory mediators that play an important role in the toxicity mechanism of these mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Penalva-Olcina
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Cristina Juan
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Mónica Fernández-Franzón
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | - Ana Juan-García
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
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20
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Fatmi MK, Wang H, Slotabec L, Wen C, Seale B, Zhao B, Li J. Single-Cell RNA-seq reveals transcriptomic modulation of Alzheimer's disease by activated protein C. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3137-3159. [PMID: 38385967 PMCID: PMC10929801 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Single-Cell RNA sequencing reveals changes in cell population in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model 5xFAD (5x Familial AD mutation) versus wild type (WT) mice. The returned sequencing data was processed through the 10x Genomics CellRanger platform to perform alignment and form corresponding matrix to perform bioinformatic analysis. Alterations in glial cells occurred in 5xFAD versus WT, especially increases in microglia proliferation were profound in 5xFAD. Differential expression testing of glial cells in 5xFAD versus WT revealed gene regulation. Globally, the critical genes implicated in AD progression are upregulated such as Apoe, Ctsb, Trem2, and Tyrobp. Using this differential expression data, GO term enrichment was completed to observe possible biological processes impacted by AD progression. Utilizing anti-inflammatory and cyto-protective recombinant Activated Protein C (APC), we uncover inflammatory processes to be downregulated by APC treatment in addition to recuperation of nervous system processes. Moreover, animal studies demonstrated that administration of recombinant APC significantly attenuated Aβ burden and improved cognitive function of 5xFAD mice. The downregulation of highly expressed AD biomarkers in 5xFAD could provide insight into the mechanisms by which APC administration benefits AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kasim Fatmi
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Lily Slotabec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Changhong Wen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Blaise Seale
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Bi Zhao
- Genomics Program, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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21
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Twait EL, Gerritsen L, Moonen JEF, Verberk IMW, Teunissen CE, Visser PJ, van der Flier WM, Geerlings MI. Plasma Markers of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology, Neuronal Injury, and Astrocytic Activation and MRI Load of Vascular Pathology and Neurodegeneration: The SMART-MR Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032134. [PMID: 38353228 PMCID: PMC11010072 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two of the main causes for dementia are Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular pathology, with most patients showing mixed pathology. Plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease-related pathology have recently emerged, including Aβ (amyloid-beta), p-tau (phosphorylated tau), NfL (neurofilament light), and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein). There is a current gap in the literature regarding whether there is an association between these plasma biomarkers with vascular pathology and neurodegeneration. METHODS AND RESULTS Cross-sectional data from 594 individuals (mean [SD] age: 64 [8] years; 17% female) were included from the SMART-MR (Second Manifestations of Arterial Disease-Magnetic Resonance) study, a prospective cohort study of individuals with a history of arterial disease. Plasma markers were assessed using single molecular array assays (Quanterix). Magnetic resonance imaging markers included white matter hyperintensity volume, presence of infarcts (yes/no), total brain volume, and hippocampal volume assessed on 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging. Linear regressions were performed for each standardized plasma marker with white matter hyperintensity volume, total brain volume, and hippocampal volume as separate outcomes, correcting for age, sex, education, and intracranial volume. Logistic regressions were performed for the presence of lacunar and cortical infarcts. Higher p-tau181 was associated with larger white matter hyperintensity volume (b per SD increase=0.16 [95% CI, 0.06-0.26], P=0.015). Higher NfL (b=-5.63, [95% CI, -8.95 to -2.31], P=0.015) was associated with lower total brain volume and the presence of infarcts (odds ratio [OR], 1.42 [95% CI, 1.13-1.78], P=0.039). Higher GFAP levels were associated with cortical infarcts (OR, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.09-1.92], P=0.010). CONCLUSIONS Plasma biomarkers that have been associated with tau pathology, axonal injury, and astrocytic activation are related to magnetic resonance imagingmarkers of vascular pathology and neurodegeneration in patients with manifest arterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Twait
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of General PracticeAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Aging & Later Life, and Personalized MedicineAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress, and SleepAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Lotte Gerritsen
- Department of PsychologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Justine E. F. Moonen
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurology, Epidemiology and Data ScienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Inge M. W. Verberk
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine,AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine,AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurology, Epidemiology and Data ScienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M. van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurology, Epidemiology and Data ScienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data ScienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam I. Geerlings
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Aging & Later Life, and Personalized MedicineAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress, and SleepAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of General PracticeAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Raghavan S, Przybelski SA, Lesnick TG, Fought AJ, Reid RI, Gebre RK, Windham BG, Algeciras‐Schimnich A, Machulda MM, Vassilaki M, Knopman DS, Jack CR, Petersen RC, Graff‐Radford J, Vemuri P. Vascular risk, gait, behavioral, and plasma indicators of VCID. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1201-1213. [PMID: 37932910 PMCID: PMC10916988 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cost-effective screening tools for vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) has significant implications. We evaluated non-imaging indicators of VCID using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-measured white matter (WM) damage and hypothesized that these indicators differ based on age. METHODS In 745 participants from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (≥50 years of age) with serial WM assessments from diffusion MRI and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR)-MRI, we examined associations between baseline non-imaging indicators (demographics, vascular risk factors [VRFs], gait, behavioral, plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], and plasma neurofilament light chain [NfL]) and WM damage across three age tertiles. RESULTS VRFs and gait were associated with diffusion changes even in low age strata. All measures (VRFs, gait, behavioral, plasma GFAP, plasma NfL) were associated with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) but mainly in intermediate and high age strata. DISCUSSION Non-imaging indicators of VCID were related to WM damage and may aid in screening participants and assessing outcomes for VCID. HIGHLIGHTS Non-imaging indicators of VCID can aid in prediction of MRI-measured WM damage but their importance differed by age. Vascular risk and gait measures were associated with early VCID changes measured using diffusion MRI. Plasma markers explained variability in WMH across age strata. Most non-imaging measures explained variability in WMH and vascular WM scores in intermediate and older age groups. The framework developed here can be used to evaluate new non-imaging VCID indicators proposed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Timothy G. Lesnick
- Department of Quantitative Health SciencesMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Angela J. Fought
- Department of Quantitative Health SciencesMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Robert I. Reid
- Department of Information TechnologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | | | - B. Gwen Windham
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonUSA
| | | | | | - Maria Vassilaki
- Department of Quantitative Health SciencesMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
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23
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Foley KE, Winder Z, Sudduth TL, Martin BJ, Nelson PT, Jicha GA, Harp JP, Weekman EM, Wilcock DM. Alzheimer's disease and inflammatory biomarkers positively correlate in plasma in the UK-ADRC cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1374-1386. [PMID: 38011580 PMCID: PMC10917006 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Protein-based plasma assays provide hope for improving accessibility and specificity of molecular diagnostics to diagnose dementia. METHODS Plasma was obtained from participants (N = 837) in our community-based University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Research Center cohort. We evaluated six Alzheimer's disease (AD)- and neurodegeneration-related (Aβ40, Aβ42, Aβ42/40, p-tau181, total tau, and NfLight) and five inflammatory biomarkers (TNF𝛼, IL6, IL8, IL10, and GFAP) using the SIMOA-based protein assay platform. Statistics were performed to assess correlations. RESULTS Our large cohort reflects previous plasma biomarker findings. Relationships between biomarkers to understand AD-inflammatory biomarker correlations showed significant associations between AD and inflammatory biomarkers suggesting peripheral inflammatory interactions with increasing AD pathology. Biomarker associations parsed out by clinical diagnosis (normal, MCI, and dementia) reveal changes in strength of the correlations across the cognitive continuum. DISCUSSION Unique AD-inflammatory biomarker correlations in a community-based cohort reveal a new avenue for utilizing plasma-based biomarkers in the assessment of AD and related dementias. HIGHLIGHTS Large community cohorts studying sex, age, and APOE genotype effects on biomarkers are few. It is unknown how biomarker-biomarker associations vary through aging and dementia. Six AD (Aβ40, Aβ42, Aβ42/40, p-tau181, total tau, and NfLight) and five inflammatory biomarkers (TNFα, IL6, IL8, IL10, and GFAP) were used to examine associations between biomarkers. Plasma biomarkers suggesting increasing cerebral AD pathology corresponded to increases in peripheral inflammatory markers, both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory. Strength of correlations, between pairs of classic AD and inflammatory plasma biomarker, changes throughout cognitive progression to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E. Foley
- Sanders Brown Center on AgingUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Zachary Winder
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Tiffany L. Sudduth
- Sanders Brown Center on AgingUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Barbara J. Martin
- Sanders Brown Center on AgingUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Peter T. Nelson
- Sanders Brown Center on AgingUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Gregory A. Jicha
- Sanders Brown Center on AgingUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Neurology, College of Public HealthUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Jordan P. Harp
- Sanders Brown Center on AgingUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Neurology, College of Public HealthUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Erica M. Weekman
- Sanders Brown Center on AgingUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Donna M. Wilcock
- Sanders Brown Center on AgingUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
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24
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Guo Y, You J, Zhang Y, Liu WS, Huang YY, Zhang YR, Zhang W, Dong Q, Feng JF, Cheng W, Yu JT. Plasma proteomic profiles predict future dementia in healthy adults. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:247-260. [PMID: 38347190 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00565-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The advent of proteomics offers an unprecedented opportunity to predict dementia onset. We examined this in data from 52,645 adults without dementia in the UK Biobank, with 1,417 incident cases and a follow-up time of 14.1 years. Of 1,463 plasma proteins, GFAP, NEFL, GDF15 and LTBP2 consistently associated most with incident all-cause dementia (ACD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), and ranked high in protein importance ordering. Combining GFAP (or GDF15) with demographics produced desirable predictions for ACD (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.891) and AD (AUC = 0.872) (or VaD (AUC = 0.912)). This was also true when predicting over 10-year ACD, AD and VaD. Individuals with higher GFAP levels were 2.32 times more likely to develop dementia. Notably, GFAP and LTBP2 were highly specific for dementia prediction. GFAP and NEFL began to change at least 10 years before dementia diagnosis. Our findings strongly highlight GFAP as an optimal biomarker for dementia prediction, even more than 10 years before the diagnosis, with implications for screening people at high risk for dementia and for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia You
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Shi Liu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Yuan Huang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Feng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and National Center for Neurological Disorders, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Chen Y, Jin Y, Hu Z, Qiu M, Li D, Cai Q, Tao C, Lou D, Qi L, Chen S, Yu H, Gao Z. Association Between Serum Neurofilament Light Chain and Neurochemistry Deficits in Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:92-100. [PMID: 36598718 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Extensive evidence supports the claim that the serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) can be used as a biomarker to monitor disease severity in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). However, little is known about the associations between sNfL levels and neurochemical alterations in SCA3 patients. In this study, we performed a cross-sectional study to analyze the association between sNfL and brain metabolic changes in SCA3 patients. The severity of ataxia was assessed by using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) and the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS). The sNfL levels and brain metabolic changes, represented by N-acetyl aspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr) and choline complex (Cho)/Cr ratios, were measured by a single-molecule array and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. In this cohort, we observed consistently elevated sNfL levels and reduced brain metabolites in the cerebellar hemispheres, dentate nucleus, and cerebellar vermis. However, this correlation was further validated in the cerebellar cortex after analysis using pairwise comparisons and a Bonferroni correction. Taken together, our results further confirmed that sNfL levels were increased in SCA3 patients and were negatively correlated with metabolic changes in the cerebellar cortex. Our data also support the idea that sNfL levels are a promising potential complementary biomarker for patients with SCA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhouyao Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengqiu Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiusi Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenjuan Tao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danning Lou
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Le Qi
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sidan Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhongming Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, 126 Wenzhou Rd, Hangzhou, China.
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26
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Cheng YW, Lin YJ, Lin YS, Hong WP, Kuan YC, Wu KY, Hsu JL, Wang PN, Pai MC, Chen CS, Fuh JL, Hu CJ, Chiu MJ. Application of blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease in clinical practice: Recommendations from Taiwan Dementia Society. J Formos Med Assoc 2024:S0929-6646(24)00051-2. [PMID: 38296698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood-based biomarkers (BBM) are potentially powerful tools that assist in the biological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in vivo with minimal invasiveness, relatively low cost, and good accessibility. This review summarizes current evidence for using BBMs in AD, focusing on amyloid, tau, and biomarkers for neurodegeneration. Blood-based phosphorylated tau and the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio showed consistent concordance with brain pathology measured by CSF or PET in the research setting. In addition, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are neurodegenerative biomarkers that show the potential to assist in the differential diagnosis of AD. Other pathology-specific biomarkers, such as α-synuclein and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), can potentially detect AD concurrent pathology. Based on current evidence, the working group from the Taiwan Dementia Society (TDS) achieved consensus recommendations on the appropriate use of BBMs for AD in clinical practice. BBMs may assist clinical diagnosis and prognosis in AD subjects with cognitive symptoms; however, the results should be interpreted by dementia specialists and combining biochemical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging information. Further studies are needed to evaluate BBMs' real-world performance and potential impact on clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Shuan Lin
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Pin Hong
- Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Kuan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology and Dementia Center, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Lung Hsu
- Department of Neurology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain, & Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain & Consciousness Research Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Pai
- Division of Behavioral Neurology, Department of Neurology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Sheng Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Ling Fuh
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chaur-Jong Hu
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology and Dementia Center, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jang Chiu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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27
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Bhalala OG, Watson R, Yassi N. Multi-Omic Blood Biomarkers as Dynamic Risk Predictors in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1231. [PMID: 38279230 PMCID: PMC10816901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia worldwide, accounting for a growing burden of morbidity and mortality. Diagnosing Alzheimer's disease before symptoms are established is clinically challenging, but would provide therapeutic windows for disease-modifying interventions. Blood biomarkers, including genetics, proteins and metabolites, are emerging as powerful predictors of Alzheimer's disease at various timepoints within the disease course, including at the preclinical stage. In this review, we discuss recent advances in such blood biomarkers for determining disease risk. We highlight how leveraging polygenic risk scores, based on genome-wide association studies, can help stratify individuals along their risk profile. We summarize studies analyzing protein biomarkers, as well as report on recent proteomic- and metabolomic-based prediction models. Finally, we discuss how a combination of multi-omic blood biomarkers can potentially be used in memory clinics for diagnosis and to assess the dynamic risk an individual has for developing Alzheimer's disease dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oneil G. Bhalala
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; (R.W.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3050, Australia
| | - Rosie Watson
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; (R.W.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3050, Australia
| | - Nawaf Yassi
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; (R.W.); (N.Y.)
- Department of Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3050, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3050, Australia
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28
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Keski-Pukkila M, Karr JE, Posti JP, Berghem K, Kotilainen AK, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Iverson GL, Luoto TM. Preliminary Evaluation of the Scandinavian Guidelines for Initial Management of Minimal, Mild, and Moderate Head Injuries with Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein. Neurotrauma Rep 2024; 5:50-60. [PMID: 38249322 PMCID: PMC10797168 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2023.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) has become the most promising biomarker for detecting traumatic abnormalities on head computed tomography (CT) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), but most studies have not addressed the potential added value of combining the biomarker with clinical variables that confer risk for intracranial injuries. The Scandinavian Guidelines for Initial Management of Minimal, Mild, and Moderate Head Injuries in Adults were the first clinical decision rules in the field with an incorporated biomarker, the S100 astroglial calcium-binding protein B (S100B), which is used in the Mild (Low Risk) group defined by the guidelines. Our aim was to evaluate the performance of the guidelines when S100B was substituted with GFAP. The sample (N = 296) was recruited from the Tampere University Hospital's emergency department between November 2015 and November 2016, and there were 49 patients with available GFAP results who were stratified in the Mild (Low Risk) group (thus patients undergoing biomarker triaging). A previously reported cutoff of plasma GFAP ≥140 pg/mL was used. Within the Mild (Low Risk) group (n = 49), GFAP sensitivity (with 95% confidence intervals in parentheses) for detecting traumatic CT abnormalities was 1.0 (0.40-1.00), specificity 0.34 (0.19-0.53), the negative predictive value (NPV) 1.0 (0.68-1.00), and the positive predictive value (PPV) 0.16 (0.05-0.37). The sensitivity and specificity of the modified guidelines with GFAP, when applied to all imaged patients (n = 197) in the whole sample, were 0.94 (0.77-0.99) and 0.20 (0.15-0.28), respectively. NPV was 0.94 (0.80-0.99) and PPV 0.18 (0.13-0.25). In the Mild (Low Risk) group, none of the patients with GFAP results below 140 pg/mL had traumatic abnormalities on their head CT. These findings were derived from a small patient subgroup. Future researchers should replicate these findings in larger samples and assess whether GFAP has added or comparable value to S100B in acute TBI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Keski-Pukkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Justin E. Karr
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jussi P. Posti
- Neurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, and Turku Brain Injury Center, Turku University Hospital, and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ksenia Berghem
- Medical Imaging Centre, Department of Radiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anna-Kerttu Kotilainen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Grant L. Iverson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and the Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding Rehabilitation, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Home Base, A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Teemu M. Luoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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29
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Jia X, Li X, Ji Q, Yin B, Pan Y, Zhao W, Bai G, Zhang J, Bai L. Serum biomarkers and disease progression in CT-negative mild traumatic brain injury. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad405. [PMID: 37997466 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood proteins are emerging as potential biomarkers for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Molecular pathology of mTBI underscores the critical roles of neuronal injury, neuroinflammation, and vascular health in disease progression. However, the temporal profile of blood biomarkers associated with the aforementioned molecular pathology after CT-negative mTBI, their diagnostic and prognostic potential, and their utility in monitoring white matter integrity and progressive brain atrophy remain unclear. Thus, we investigated serum biomarkers and neuroimaging in a longitudinal cohort, including 103 CT-negative mTBI patients and 66 matched healthy controls (HCs). Angiogenic biomarker vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) exhibited the highest area under the curve of 0.88 in identifying patients from HCs. Inflammatory biomarker interleukin-1β and neuronal cell body injury biomarker ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 were elevated in acute-stage patients and associated with deterioration of cognitive function from acute-stage to 6-12 mo post-injury period. Notably, axonal injury biomarker neurofilament light (NfL) was elevated in acute-stage patients, with higher levels associated with impaired white matter integrity in acute-stage and progressive gray and white matter atrophy from 3- to 6-12 mo post-injury period. Collectively, our findings emphasized the potential clinical value of serum biomarkers, particularly NfL and VEGF, in diagnosing mTBI and monitoring disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qiuyu Ji
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Bo Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yizhen Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Wenpu Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Guanghui Bai
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Lijun Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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30
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Singh N, Sharma S, Ghosh KK, Gupta B, Kuca K. Prominent Perspective on Existing Biological Hallmarks of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:1120-1133. [PMID: 38591203 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266292514240404040341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Biomarkers are the most significant diagnosis tools tending towards unique approaches and solutions for the prevention and cure of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The current report provides a clear perception of the concept of various biomarkers and their prominent features through analysis to provide a possible solution for the inhibition of events in AD. Scientists around the world truly believe that crucial hallmarks can serve as critical tools in the early diagnosis, cure, and prevention, as well as the future of medicine. The awareness and understanding of such biomarkers would provide solutions to the puzzled mechanism of this neuronal disorder. Some of the argued biomarkers in the present article are still in an experimental phase as they need to undergo specific clinical trials before they can be considered for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singh
- Department of Engineering Science, Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, DY Patil University, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Srishti Sharma
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492010 (C.G.), India
| | - Kallol K Ghosh
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492010 (C.G.), India
| | - Bhanushree Gupta
- Centre of Basic Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492010 (C.G.), India
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Research Institute for Biomedical Science, University of Hradec Králové, Antonína Dvoraka 451/1, 500 02 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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31
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Halder A, Drummond E. Strategies for translating proteomics discoveries into drug discovery for dementia. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:132-139. [PMID: 37488854 PMCID: PMC10479849 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.373681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies, diseases characterized by neuropathological aggregates of tau including Alzheimer's disease and subtypes of frontotemporal dementia, make up the vast majority of dementia cases. Although there have been recent developments in tauopathy biomarkers and disease-modifying treatments, ongoing progress is required to ensure these are effective, economical, and accessible for the globally ageing population. As such, continued identification of new potential drug targets and biomarkers is critical. "Big data" studies, such as proteomics, can generate information on thousands of possible new targets for dementia diagnostics and therapeutics, but currently remain underutilized due to the lack of a clear process by which targets are selected for future drug development. In this review, we discuss current tauopathy biomarkers and therapeutics, and highlight areas in need of improvement, particularly when addressing the needs of frail, comorbid and cognitively impaired populations. We highlight biomarkers which have been developed from proteomic data, and outline possible future directions in this field. We propose new criteria by which potential targets in proteomics studies can be objectively ranked as favorable for drug development, and demonstrate its application to our group's recent tau interactome dataset as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Halder
- School of Medical Sciences and Brain & Mind Center, University of Sydney, NSW, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Aged Care, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eleanor Drummond
- School of Medical Sciences and Brain & Mind Center, University of Sydney, NSW, Sydney, Australia
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32
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Martínez-Dubarbie F, López-García S, Lage C, Di Molfetta G, Fernández-Matarrubia M, Pozueta-Cantudo A, García-Martínez M, Corrales-Pardo A, Bravo M, Jiménez-Bonilla J, Quirce R, Marco de Lucas E, Drake-Pérez M, Tordesillas D, López-Hoyos M, Irure-Ventura J, Valeriano-Lorenzo E, Blennow K, Ashton NJ, Zetterberg H, Rodríguez-Rodríguez E, Sánchez-Juan P. Plasma Phosphorylated Tau 231 Increases at One-Year Intervals in Cognitively Unimpaired Subjects. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:1029-1042. [PMID: 38489191 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Background Plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) constitute a non-invasive tool for diagnosing and classifying subjects. They change even in preclinical stages, but it is necessary to understand their properties so they can be helpful in a clinical context. Objective With this work we want to study the evolution of p-tau231 plasma levels in the preclinical stages of AD and its relationship with both cognitive and imaging parameters. Methods We evaluated plasma phosphorylated (p)-tau231 levels in 146 cognitively unimpaired subjects in sequential visits. We performed a Linear Mixed-effects Model to analyze their rate of change. We also correlated their baseline levels with cognitive tests and structural and functional image values. ATN status was defined based on cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. Results Plasma p-tau231 showed a significant rate of change over time. It correlated negatively with memory tests only in amyloid-positive subjects. No significant correlations were found with any imaging measures. Conclusions Increases in plasma p-tau231 can be detected at one-year intervals in cognitively healthy subjects. It could constitute a sensitive marker for detecting early signs of neuronal network impairment by amyloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Martínez-Dubarbie
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Sara López-García
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Carmen Lage
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- Atlantic Fellow for Equity in Brain health, Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Guglielmo Di Molfetta
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marta Fernández-Matarrubia
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Ana Pozueta-Cantudo
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - María García-Martínez
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Andrea Corrales-Pardo
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - María Bravo
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Julio Jiménez-Bonilla
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, University of Cantabria and Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Remedios Quirce
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, University of Cantabria and Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | | | - Marta Drake-Pérez
- Radiology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
| | - Diana Tordesillas
- Radiology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
| | - Marcos López-Hoyos
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- Immunology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
| | - Juan Irure-Ventura
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- Immunology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Institute Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Eloy Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
- Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- Alzheimer's Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Du Y, Zhang Y, Diao J, Fu P, Jiang R, Wang P, Yang H, Zheng X, Zhang L, Bi J, Zhou Q. Decoding the diagnostic potential of T cell repertoires in peripheral blood of patients from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23317. [PMID: 38095240 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301485r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently an incurable neurodegenerative disorder and is the most common etiological cause of dementia. Consequently, it has severe burden on its patients and on their caregivers and represents a global health concern. Clinical investigations have indicated that a dysregulation of peripheral T cell immune homeostasis may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD, as well as in the early stages of AD, characterized by mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the characteristics and concomitant feasibility of the use of T-cell receptor (TCR) typing for disease diagnosis remains largely unknown. We employed a high-throughput sequencing and multidimensional bioinformatics analyses for the identification of TCR repertoires present in peripheral blood samples of 10 patients with amnestic MCI (aMCI), 10 patients with AD, and 10 healthy controls (HCs). Based on the characteristics of the TCR repertoires in the amount and diversity of combinations of V-J, the spectrum of immune defense, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs), single and specific TCR profiles were observed in the patient samples of aMCI and AD compared to profiles of HCs. In particular, the diversity of TCR clonotypes manifested a pattern of "decreased first and then increased" pattern during the progression from aMCI to AD, a pattern that was not observed in HC samples. Additionally, a total of 46 and 35 amino acid CDR3 sequences with consistent and reverse expressive abundance with diversity of TCR clonotypes were identified, respectively. Taken together, we provide novel and essential preliminary evidence demonstrating the presence of diversity of T cell repertoires from differentially expressed V-J gene segments and amino acid clonotypes using peripheral blood samples from patients with AD, aMCI, and from HC. Such findings have the potential to reveal potential mechanisms through which aMCI progresses to AD and provide a reference for the future development of immune-related diagnoses and therapies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansheng Du
- Department of Neurology Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiuzhou Diao
- Department of Neurology Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Pengrui Fu
- Department of Neurology Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Runze Jiang
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Institute, Shandong Jingwei Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Neurology Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurology Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolei Zheng
- Department of Neurology Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Leisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province & NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Technology and Biophysics, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Jianzhong Bi
- Department of Neurology Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingbo Zhou
- Department of Neurology Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Wolf EJ, Miller MW, Hawn SE, Zhao X, Wallander SE, McCormick B, Govan C, Rasmusson A, Stone A, Schichman SA, Logue MW. Longitudinal study of traumatic-stress related cellular and cognitive aging. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:494-504. [PMID: 37967663 PMCID: PMC10843744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic stress is associated with both accelerated epigenetic age and increased risk for dementia. Accelerated epigenetic age might link symptoms of traumatic stress to dementia-associated biomarkers, such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) proteins, neurofilament light (NFL), and inflammatory molecules. We tested this hypothesis using longitudinal data obtained from 214 trauma-exposed military veterans (85 % male, mean age at baseline: 53 years, 75 % White) who were assessed twice over the course of an average of 5.6 years. Cross-lagged panel mediation models evaluated measures of lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder and internalizing and externalizing comorbidity (assessed at Time 1; T1) in association with T1 epigenetic age (per the GrimAge algorithm) and T1 plasma markers of neuropathology along with bidirectional temporal paths between T1 and T2 epigenetic age and the plasma markers. Results revealed that a measure of externalizing comorbidity was associated with accelerated epigenetic age (β = 0.30, p <.01), which in turn, was associated with subsequent increases in Aβ-40 (β = 0.20, p <.001), Aβ-42 (β = 0.18, p <.001), and interleukin-6 (β = 0.18, p <.01). T1 advanced epigenetic age and the T1 neuropathology biomarkers NFL and glial fibrillary acidic protein predicted worse performance on T2 neurocognitive tasks assessing working memory, executive/attentional control, and/or verbal memory (ps = 0.03 to 0.009). Results suggest that advanced GrimAge is predictive of subsequent increases in neuropathology and inflammatory biomarkers as well as worse cognitive function, highlighting the clinical significance of this biomarker with respect to cognitive aging and brain health over time. The finding that advanced GrimAge mediated the association between psychiatric comorbidity and future neuropathology is important for understanding potential pathways to neurodegeneration and early identification of those at greatest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika J Wolf
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mark W Miller
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sage E Hawn
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Old Dominion University, Department of Psychology, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Xiang Zhao
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara E Wallander
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Beth McCormick
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine Govan
- MAVERIC Central Biorepository, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann Rasmusson
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annjanette Stone
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Steven A Schichman
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Mark W Logue
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Biomedical Genetics, Boston, MA, USA
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35
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Hamilton CA, O'Brien J, Heslegrave A, Laban R, Donaghy P, Durcan R, Lawley S, Barnett N, Roberts G, Firbank M, Taylor JP, Zetterberg H, Thomas A. Plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7865-7873. [PMID: 37489795 PMCID: PMC10755229 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may allow for the early detection of AD pathology in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD (MCI-AD) and as a co-pathology in MCI with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB). However not all cases of MCI-LB will feature AD pathology. Disease-general biomarkers of neurodegeneration, such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) or neurofilament light (NfL), may therefore provide a useful supplement to AD biomarkers. We aimed to compare the relative utility of plasma Aβ42/40, p-tau181, GFAP and NfL in differentiating MCI-AD and MCI-LB from cognitively healthy older adults, and from one another. METHODS Plasma samples were analysed for 172 participants (31 healthy controls, 48 MCI-AD, 28 possible MCI-LB and 65 probable MCI-LB) at baseline, and a subset (n = 55) who provided repeated samples after ≥1 year. Samples were analysed with a Simoa 4-plex assay for Aβ42, Aβ40, GFAP and NfL, and incorporated previously-collected p-tau181 from this same cohort. RESULTS Probable MCI-LB had elevated GFAP (p < 0.001) and NfL (p = 0.012) relative to controls, but not significantly lower Aβ42/40 (p = 0.06). GFAP and p-tau181 were higher in MCI-AD than MCI-LB. GFAP discriminated all MCI subgroups, from controls (AUC of 0.75), but no plasma-based marker effectively differentiated MCI-AD from MCI-LB. NfL correlated with disease severity and increased with MCI progression over time (p = 0.011). CONCLUSION Markers of AD and astrocytosis/neurodegeneration are elevated in MCI-LB. GFAP offered similar utility to p-tau181 in distinguishing MCI overall, and its subgroups, from healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amanda Heslegrave
- UK Dementia Research Institute, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Paul Donaghy
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Rory Durcan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Sarah Lawley
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Nicola Barnett
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Gemma Roberts
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Michael Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- UK Dementia Research Institute, London, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alan Thomas
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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Lin J, Ou R, Li C, Hou Y, Zhang L, Wei Q, Pang D, Liu K, Jiang Q, Yang T, Xiao Y, Zhao B, Chen X, Song W, Yang J, Wu Y, Shang H. Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein as a biomarker of disease progression in Parkinson's disease: a prospective cohort study. BMC Med 2023; 21:420. [PMID: 37932720 PMCID: PMC10626747 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive astrogliosis has been demonstrated to have a role in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, astrocyte-specific plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)'s correlation with PD progression remains unknown. We aimed to determine whether plasma GFAP can monitor and predict PD progression. METHODS A total of 184 patients with PD and 95 healthy controls (HCs) were included in this prospective cohort study and followed-up for 5 years. Plasma GFAP, amyloid-beta (Aβ), p-tau181, and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were measured at baseline and at 1- and 2-year follow-ups. Motor and non-motor symptoms, activities of daily living, global cognitive function, executive function, and disease stage were evaluated using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part III, UPDRS-I, UPDRS-II, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scales at each visit, respectively. RESULTS Plasma GFAP levels were higher in patients with PD (mean [SD]: 69.80 [36.18], pg/mL) compared to HCs (mean [SD]: 57.89 [23.54], pg/mL). Higher levels of GFAP were observed in female and older PD patients. The adjusted linear mixed-effects models showed that plasma GFAP levels were significantly associated with UPDRS-I scores (β: 0.006, 95% CI [0.001-0.011], p = 0.027). Higher baseline plasma GFAP correlated with faster increase in UPDRS-I (β: 0.237, 95% CI [0.055-0.419], p = 0.011) and UPDRS-III (β: 0.676, 95% CI [0.023-1.330], p = 0.043) scores and H&Y stage (β: 0.098, 95% CI [0.047-0.149], p < 0.001) and faster decrease in MoCA (β: - 0.501, 95% CI [- 0.768 to - 0.234], p < 0.001) and FAB scores (β: - 0.358, 95% CI [- 0.587 to - 0.129], p = 0.002). Higher baseline plasma GFAP predicted a more rapid progression to postural instability (hazard ratio: 1.009, 95% CI [1.001-1.017], p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Plasma GFAP might be a potential biomarker for monitoring and predicting disease progression in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Lin
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruwei Ou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanbing Hou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianqian Wei
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Dejiang Pang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kuncheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qirui Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianmi Yang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Ramanan VK, Gebre RK, Graff-Radford J, Hofrenning E, Algeciras-Schimnich A, Figdore DJ, Lowe VJ, Mielke MM, Knopman DS, Ross OA, Jack CR, Petersen RC, Vemuri P. Genetic risk scores enhance the diagnostic value of plasma biomarkers of brain amyloidosis. Brain 2023; 146:4508-4519. [PMID: 37279785 PMCID: PMC10629762 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-based biomarkers offer strong potential to revolutionize diagnosis, trial enrolment and treatment monitoring in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, further advances are needed before these biomarkers can achieve wider deployment beyond selective research studies and specialty memory clinics, including the development of frameworks for optimal interpretation of biomarker profiles. We hypothesized that integrating Alzheimer's disease genetic risk score (AD-GRS) data would enhance the diagnostic value of plasma AD biomarkers by better capturing extant disease heterogeneity. Analysing 962 individuals from a population-based sample, we observed that an AD-GRS was independently associated with amyloid PET levels (an early marker of AD pathophysiology) over and above APOE ε4 or plasma p-tau181, amyloid-β42/40, glial fibrillary acidic protein or neurofilament light chain. Among individuals with a high or moderately high plasma p-tau181, integrating AD-GRS data significantly improved classification accuracy of amyloid PET positivity, including the finding that the combination of a high AD-GRS and high plasma p-tau181 outperformed p-tau181 alone in classifying amyloid PET positivity (88% versus 68%; P = 0.001). A machine learning approach incorporating plasma biomarkers, demographics and the AD-GRS was highly accurate in predicting amyloid PET levels (90% training set; 89% test set) and Shapley value analyses (an explainer method based in cooperative game theory) indicated that the AD-GRS and plasma biomarkers had differential importance in explaining amyloid deposition across individuals. Polygenic risk for AD dementia appears to account for a unique portion of disease heterogeneity, which could non-invasively enhance the interpretation of blood-based AD biomarker profiles in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Ramanan
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Robel K Gebre
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Ekaterina Hofrenning
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Figdore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Val J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - David S Knopman
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Clifford R Jack
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Ceylan T, Akin AT, Karabulut D, Tan FC, Taşkiran M, Yakan B. Therapeutic effect of thymoquinone on brain damage caused by nonylphenol exposure in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23471. [PMID: 37466128 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP), causes various harmful effects such as cognitive impairment and neurotoxicity. Thymoquinone (TQ), has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. In this study, our aim is to investigate the effects of TQ on the brain damage caused by NP. Corn oil was applied to the control group. NP (100 mg/kg/day) was administered to the NP and NP + TQ groups for 21 days. TQ (5 mg/kg/day) was administered to the NP + TQ and TQ groups for 7 after 21 days. At the end of the experiment, the new object recognition test was applied to the rats and the rats were killed and their brain tissues were removed. Sections taken from brain tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histopathological evaluation. In addition, neuronal nuclei (NeuN), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Cas-3, and nerve growth factor (NGF) immunoreactivities were evaluated in brain tissue sections. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were determined. Comet assay was applied to determine DNA damage in cells. The results of our study showed that NP, caused behavioral disorders and damage to the cerebral cortex in rats. This damage in the form of neuron degeneration seen in the cortex was associated with apoptosis involving Cas-3 activation, increased DNA damage, and free oxygen radicals. NP, SOD, and CAT caused a decrease in enzyme activities. In addition, the cellular protein NeuN was decreased, astrocytosis-associated GFAP was increased, and growth factor NGF was decreased. When all our evaluations are taken together, treatment with TQ showed an ameliorative effect on the behavioral impairment and brain damage caused by NP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayfun Ceylan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cappadocia University, Nevsehir, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ali Tuğrul Akin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Karabulut
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fazile Cantürk Tan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Taşkiran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Birkan Yakan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Jiao B, Zhang S, Bei Y, Bu G, Yuan L, Zhu Y, Yang Q, Xu T, Zhou L, Liu Q, Ouyang Z, Yang X, Feng Y, Tang B, Chen H, Shen L. A detection model for cognitive dysfunction based on volatile organic compounds from a large Chinese community cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4852-4862. [PMID: 37032600 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We explored whether volatile organic compound (VOC) detection can serve as a screening tool to distinguish cognitive dysfunction (CD) from cognitively normal (CN) individuals. METHODS The cognitive function of 1467 participants was assessed and their VOCs were detected. Six machine learning algorithms were conducted and the performance was determined. The plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) was measured. RESULTS Distinguished VOC patterns existed between CD and CN groups. The CD detection model showed good accuracy with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.876. In addition, we found that 10 VOC ions showed significant differences between CD and CN individuals (p < 0.05); three VOCs were significantly related to plasma NfL (p < 0.005). Moreover, a combination of VOCs with NfL showed the best discriminating power (AUC = 0.877). DISCUSSION Detection of VOCs from exhaled breath samples has the potential to provide a novel solution for the dilemma of CD screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sizhe Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuzhang Bei
- Department of Neurology, Liuyang Jili Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Guiwen Bu
- Department of Neurology, Liuyang Jili Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Liuyang Jili Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qijie Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziyu Ouyang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Feng
- Breax Laboratory, PCAB Research Center of Breath and Metabolism, Beijing, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haibin Chen
- Breax Laboratory, PCAB Research Center of Breath and Metabolism, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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Huang Z, Haile K, Gedefaw L, Lau BWM, Jin L, Yip SP, Huang CL. Blood Biomarkers as Prognostic Indicators for Neurological Injury in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15738. [PMID: 37958721 PMCID: PMC10649265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been linked to various neurological complications. This meta-analysis assessed the relationship between glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in the blood and neurological injury in COVID-19 patients. A comprehensive search of various databases was conducted until 18 August 2023, to find studies reporting GFAP and NfL blood levels in COVID-19 patients with neurological complications. GFAP and NfL levels were estimated between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls, and meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 software for analysis. In the 21 collected studies, it was found that COVID-19 patients had significantly higher levels of pooled GFAP (SMD = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.73; p ≤ 0.001) and NfL (SMD = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.82; p ≤ 0.001) when compared to the healthy controls. The pooled GFAP (SMD = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.26, 1.45; p ≤ 0.01) and NfL (SMD = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.48, 1.26; p ≤ 0.001) were significantly higher in non-survivors. These findings indicate a significant association between COVID-19 severity and elevated levels of GFAP and NfL, suggesting that GFAP and NfL could serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for the early detection and monitoring of COVID-19-related neurological injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Huang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (Z.H.); (L.G.); (L.J.)
| | - Kassahun Haile
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite P.O. Box 07, Ethiopia;
| | - Lealem Gedefaw
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (Z.H.); (L.G.); (L.J.)
| | - Benson Wui-Man Lau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Ling Jin
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (Z.H.); (L.G.); (L.J.)
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shea Ping Yip
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (Z.H.); (L.G.); (L.J.)
| | - Chien-Ling Huang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (Z.H.); (L.G.); (L.J.)
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Shan W, Zhao J, Qiu C, Xu G, Feng J. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Levels in Post-Stroke Depression: A Prospective Ischemic Stroke Cohort. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:2171-2178. [PMID: 37873533 PMCID: PMC10590582 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s435006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels were found in cerebrovascular disease patients. The pathogenesis of depression after ischemic stroke remains largely unknown. Here, we aim to determine whether GFAP concentrations were associated with post-stroke depression (PSD) at 3 months. Methods From March 2022 to September 2022, patients with first-ever ischemic stroke were prospectively recruited. GFAP concentrations were detected within 24 h using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The PSD was defined as a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 24-Item score ≥ 8. Results A total of 206 subjects with ischemic stroke (mean age: 63.6 years; 49.0% female) were enrolled. During the 90-day follow-up, 57 participants (27.7%) were observed in PSD. The median serum GFAP concentrations were 0.67 ng/mL. After adjustment for the covariates, higher increased GFAP levels were associated with increased risk of PSD (odds ratio [OR], 7.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.29-15.44; P < 0.001). Also, the multivariate-adjusted OR of PSD associated with the fourth quartile of GFAP was 10.89 (95% CI, 3.53-33.60; P < 0.001) compared with the first quartile. Furthermore, the restricted cubic spline confirmed a linear association between GFAP and the risk of PSD (P for linearity < 0.001). Conclusion Our results indicated that increased circulating GFAP concentrations were significantly correlated with the risk of PSD at 3 months. Measuring the GFAP levels after ischemic stroke may add some values for the risk stratifying of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Shan
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Gerontology, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoli Xu
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, People’s Republic of China
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Yuan D, Huang B, Gu M, Qin BE, Su Z, Dai K, Peng FH, Jiang Y. Exploring Shared Genetic Signatures of Alzheimer's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis: A Bioinformatic Analysis Study. Eur Neurol 2023; 86:363-376. [PMID: 37848007 PMCID: PMC10733940 DOI: 10.1159/000533397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many clinical studies reported the coexistence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis (MS), but the common molecular signature between AD and MS remains elusive. The purpose of our study was to explore the genetic linkage between AD and MS through bioinformatic analysis, providing new insights into the shared signatures and possible pathogenesis of two diseases. METHODS The common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined between AD and MS from datasets obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Further, functional and pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction network construction, and identification of hub genes were carried out. The expression level of hub genes was validated in two other external AD and MS datasets. Transcription factor (TF)-gene interactions and gene-miRNA interactions were performed in NetworkAnalyst. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to evaluate the predictive value of hub genes. RESULTS A total of 75 common DEGs were identified between AD and MS. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis emphasized the importance of exocytosis and synaptic vesicle cycle, respectively. Six significant hub genes, including CCL2, CD44, GFAP, NEFM, STXBP1, and TCEAL6, were identified and verified as common hub genes shared by AD and MS. FOXC1 and hsa-mir-16-5p are the most common TF and miRNA in regulating hub genes, respectively. In the ROC curve analysis, all hub genes showed good efficiency in helping distinguish patients from controls. CONCLUSION Our study first identified a common genetic signature between AD and MS, paving the road for investigating shared mechanism of AD and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasen Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bihui Huang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Meifeng Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bang-e Qin
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhihui Su
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Kai Dai
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Fu-hua Peng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Gorham IK, Barber RC, Jones HP, Phillips NR. Mitochondrial SOS: how mtDNA may act as a stress signal in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:171. [PMID: 37821944 PMCID: PMC10566158 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels have been observed in Alzheimer's disease and are an area of research that shows promise as a useful biomarker. It is well known that not only are the mitochondria a key player in producing energy for the cell, but they also are known to interact in other important intracellular processes as well as extracellular signaling and communication. BODY: This mini review explores how cells use mtDNA as a stress signal, particularly in Alzheimer's disease. We investigate the measurement of these mtDNA alterations, the mechanisms of mtDNA release, and the immunological effects from the release of these stress signals. CONCLUSION Literature indicates a correlation between the release of mtDNA in Alzheimer's disease and increased immune responses, showing promise as a potential biomarker. However, several questions remain unanswered and there is great potential for future studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle K Gorham
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Robert C Barber
- Department of Family Medicine, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Harlan P Jones
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Nicole R Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
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Ramanan VK, Graff-Radford J, Syrjanen J, Shir D, Algeciras-Schimnich A, Lucas J, Martens YA, Carrasquillo MM, Day GS, Ertekin-Taner N, Lachner C, Willis FB, Knopman DS, Jack CR, Petersen RC, Vemuri P, Graff-Radford N, Mielke MM. Association of Plasma Biomarkers of Alzheimer Disease With Cognition and Medical Comorbidities in a Biracial Cohort. Neurology 2023; 101:e1402-e1411. [PMID: 37580163 PMCID: PMC10573134 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Recent advances in blood-based biomarkers offer the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and management of Alzheimer disease (AD), but additional research in diverse populations is critical. We assessed the profiles of blood-based AD biomarkers and their relationships to cognition and common medical comorbidities in a biracial cohort. METHODS Participants were evaluated through the Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Alzheimer Disease Research Center and matched on age, sex, and cognitive status. Plasma AD biomarkers (β-amyloid peptide 1-42 [Aβ42/40], plasma tau phosphorylated at position 181 [p-tau181], glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP], and neurofilament light) were measured using the Quanterix SiMoA HD-X analyzer. Cognition was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination. Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to assess for differences in plasma biomarker levels by sex. Linear models tested for associations of self-reported race, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and vascular risk factors with plasma AD biomarker levels. Additional models assessed for interactions between race and plasma biomarkers in predicting cognition. RESULTS The sample comprised African American (AA; N = 267) and non-Hispanic White (NHW; N = 268) participants, including 69% female participants and age range 43-100 (median 80.2) years. Education was higher in NHW participants (median 16 vs 12 years, p < 0.001) while APOE ε4 positivity was higher in AA participants (43% vs 34%; p = 0.04). We observed no differences in plasma AD biomarker levels between AA and NHW participants. These results were unchanged after stratifying by cognitive status (unimpaired vs impaired). Although the p-tau181-cognition association seemed stronger in NHW participants while the Aβ42/40-cognition association seemed stronger in AA participants, these findings did not survive after excluding individuals with CKD. Female participants displayed higher GFAP (177.5 pg/mL vs 157.73 pg/mL; p = 0.002) and lower p-tau181 (2.62 pg/mL vs 3.28 pg/mL; p = 0.001) levels than male participants. Diabetes was inversely associated with GFAP levels (β = -0.01; p < 0.001). DISCUSSION In a biracial community-based sample of adults, we observed that sex differences, CKD, and vascular risk factors, but not self-reported race, contributed to variation in plasma AD biomarkers. Although some prior studies have reported primary effects of race/ethnicity, our results reinforce the need to account for broad-based medical and social determinants of health (including sex, systemic comorbidities, and other factors) in effectively and equitably deploying plasma AD biomarkers in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Ramanan
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
| | - Jonathan Graff-Radford
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Jeremy Syrjanen
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Dror Shir
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - John Lucas
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Yuka A Martens
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Minerva M Carrasquillo
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Gregory S Day
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Christian Lachner
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Floyd B Willis
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - David S Knopman
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Clifford R Jack
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Prashanthi Vemuri
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Neill Graff-Radford
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Michelle M Mielke
- From the Department of Neurology (V.K.R., J.G.-R., D.S., D.S.K., R.C.P.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.S., R.C.P.), and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (A.A.-S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Psychiatry and Psychology (J.L., C.L.), Department of Neuroscience (Y.A.M., M.M.C., G.S.D., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.E.-T., C.L., N.G.-R.), and Department of Family Medicine (F.B.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Radiology (C.R.J., P.V.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (M.M.M.), Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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45
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Thaker AA, McConnell BV, Rogers DM, Carlson NE, Coughlan C, Jensen AM, Lopez-Paniagua D, Holden SK, Pressman PS, Pelak VS, Filley CM, Potter H, Solano DA, Heffernan KS, Bettcher BM. Astrogliosis, neuritic microstructure, and sex effects: GFAP is an indicator of neuritic orientation in women. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 113:124-135. [PMID: 37394144 PMCID: PMC10584366 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data from human studies suggest that immune dysregulation is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and cognitive decline and that neurites may be affected early in the disease trajectory. Data from animal studies further indicate that dysfunction in astrocytes and inflammation may have a pivotal role in facilitating dendritic damage, which has been linked with negative cognitive outcomes. To elucidate these relationships further, we have examined the relationship between astrocyte and immune dysregulation, AD-related pathology, and neuritic microstructure in AD-vulnerable regions in late life. METHODS We evaluated panels of immune, vascular, and AD-related protein markers in blood and conducted in vivo multi-shell neuroimaging using Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) to assess indices of neuritic density (NDI) and dispersion (ODI) in brain regions vulnerable to AD in a cohort of older adults (n = 109). RESULTS When examining all markers in tandem, higher plasma GFAP levels were strongly related to lower neurite dispersion (ODI) in grey matter. No biomarker associations were found with higher neuritic density. Associations between GFAP and neuritic microstructure were not significantly impacted by symptom status, APOE status, or plasma Aβ42/40 ratio; however, there was a large sex effect observed for neurite dispersion, wherein negative associations between GFAP and ODI were only observed in females. DISCUSSION This study provides a comprehensive, concurrent appraisal of immune, vascular, and AD-related biomarkers in the context of advanced grey matter neurite orientation and dispersion methodology. Sex may be an important modifier of the complex associations between astrogliosis, immune dysregulation, and brain microstructure in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashesh A Thaker
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brice V McConnell
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology Section, University of Colorado Alzheimer's & Cognition Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dustin M Rogers
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nichole E Carlson
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christina Coughlan
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Alzheimer's & Cognition Center, Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alexandria M Jensen
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dan Lopez-Paniagua
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Samantha K Holden
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology Section, University of Colorado Alzheimer's & Cognition Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Peter S Pressman
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology Section, University of Colorado Alzheimer's & Cognition Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Victoria S Pelak
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology Section, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers University of Colorado Eye Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christopher M Filley
- Behavioral Neurology Section, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Colorado Alzheimer's & Cognition Center, Marcus Institute for Brain Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Huntington Potter
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Alzheimer's & Cognition Center, Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - D Adriana Solano
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Alzheimer's & Cognition Center, Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kate S Heffernan
- Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurological Disorders, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brianne M Bettcher
- Department of Neurology, Behavioral Neurology Section, University of Colorado Alzheimer's & Cognition Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Álvarez-Sánchez L, Peña-Bautista C, Ferré-González L, Cubas L, Balaguer A, Casanova-Estruch B, Baquero M, Cháfer-Pericás C. Early Alzheimer's Disease Screening Approach Using Plasma Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14151. [PMID: 37762457 PMCID: PMC10532221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent dementia, but it shows similar initial symptoms to other neurocognitive diseases (Lewy body disease (LBD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD)). Thus, the identification of reliable AD plasma biomarkers is required. The aim of this work is to evaluate the use of a few plasma biomarkers to develop an early and specific AD screening method. Plasma p-Tau181, neurofilament light (NfL), and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) were determined by Single Molecule Assay (SIMOA® Quanterix, Billerica, MA, USA) in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to AD (MCI-AD, n = 50), AD dementia (n = 10), FTD (n = 20), LBD (n = 5), and subjective cognitive impairment (SCI (n = 21)). Plasma p-Tau181 and GFAP showed the highest levels in AD dementia, and significant correlations with clinical AD characteristics; meanwhile, NfL showed the highest levels in FTD, but no significant correlations with AD. The partial least squares (PLS) diagnosis model developed between the AD and SCI groups showed good accuracy with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under curve (AUC) of 0.935 (CI 95% 0.87-0.98), sensitivity of 86%, and specificity of 88%. In a first screen, NfL plasma levels could identify FTD patients among subjects with cognitive impairment. Then, the developed PLS model including p-Tau181 and GFAP levels could identify AD patients, constituting a simple, early, and specific diagnosis approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Álvarez-Sánchez
- Alzheimer Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.Á.-S.); (C.P.-B.); (L.F.-G.); (M.B.)
| | - Carmen Peña-Bautista
- Alzheimer Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.Á.-S.); (C.P.-B.); (L.F.-G.); (M.B.)
| | - Laura Ferré-González
- Alzheimer Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.Á.-S.); (C.P.-B.); (L.F.-G.); (M.B.)
| | - Laura Cubas
- Division of Neuroinmunology, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.C.); (B.C.-E.)
| | - Angel Balaguer
- Math Faculty, Universitat de València, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Bonaventura Casanova-Estruch
- Division of Neuroinmunology, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.C.); (B.C.-E.)
| | - Miguel Baquero
- Alzheimer Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.Á.-S.); (C.P.-B.); (L.F.-G.); (M.B.)
| | - Consuelo Cháfer-Pericás
- Alzheimer Disease Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (L.Á.-S.); (C.P.-B.); (L.F.-G.); (M.B.)
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Wang J, Chen M, Masters CL, Wang YJ. Translating blood biomarkers into clinical practice for Alzheimer's disease: Challenges and perspectives. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4226-4236. [PMID: 37218404 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Early and accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in clinical practice is urgent with advances in AD treatment. Blood biomarker assays are preferential diagnostic tools for widespread clinical use with the advantages of being less invasive, cost effective, and easily accessible, and they have shown good performance in research cohorts. However, in community-based populations with maximum heterogeneity, great challenges are still faced in diagnosing AD based on blood biomarkers in terms of accuracy and robustness. Here, we analyze these challenges, including the confounding impact of systemic and biological factors, small changes in blood biomarkers, and difficulty in detecting early changes. Furthermore, we provide perspectives on several potential strategies to overcome these challenges for blood biomarkers to bridge the gap from research to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Colin L Masters
- The Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ageing and Brain Diseases, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Abramova O, Zorkina Y, Ushakova V, Gryadunov D, Ikonnikova A, Fedoseeva E, Emelyanova M, Ochneva A, Morozova I, Pavlov K, Syunyakov T, Andryushchenko A, Savilov V, Kurmishev M, Andreuyk D, Shport S, Gurina O, Chekhonin V, Kostyuk G, Morozova A. Alteration of Blood Immune Biomarkers in MCI Patients with Different APOE Genotypes after Cognitive Training: A 1 Year Follow-Up Cohort Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13395. [PMID: 37686198 PMCID: PMC10488004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies aim to detect the early phase of dementia. One of the major ways to achieve this is to identify corresponding biomarkers, particularly immune blood biomarkers. The objective of this study was to identify such biomarkers in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in an experiment that included cognitive training. A group of patients with MCI diagnoses over the age of 65 participated in the study (n = 136). Measurements of cognitive functions (using the Mini-Mental State Examination scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment) and determination of 27 serum biomarkers were performed twice: on the first visit and on the second visit, one year after the cognitive training. APOE genotypes were also determined. Concentrations of EGF (F = 17; p = 0.00007), Eotaxin (F = 7.17; p = 0.008), GRO (F = 13.42; p = 0.0004), IL-8 (F = 8.16; p = 0.005), MCP-1 (F = 13.46; p = 0.0001) and MDC (F = 5.93; p = 0.016) increased after the cognitive training in MCI patients. All these parameters except IL-8 demonstrated a weak correlation with other immune parameters and were poorly represented in the principal component analysis. Differences in concentrations of IP-10, FGF-2, TGFa and VEGF in patients with MCI were associated with APOE genotype. Therefore, the study identified several immune blood biomarkers that could potentially be associated with changes in cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Abramova
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yana Zorkina
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeriya Ushakova
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
- Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Gryadunov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Ikonnikova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Fedoseeva
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Emelyanova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Ochneva
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Morozova
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
| | - Konstantin Pavlov
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Syunyakov
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry (ICERN), Samara State Medical University, 443016 Samara, Russia
| | - Alisa Andryushchenko
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
| | - Victor Savilov
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
| | - Marat Kurmishev
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
| | - Denis Andreuyk
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
- Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Shport
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Gurina
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgy Kostyuk
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Moscow State University of Food Production”, Volokolamskoye Highway 11, 125080 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Morozova
- Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 Named after N.A. Alekseev, Zagorodnoe Highway 2, 115191 Moscow, Russia; (O.A.); (Y.Z.); (V.U.); (A.O.); (I.M.)
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Kropotkinsky per. 23, 119034 Moscow, Russia
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Colavitta MF, Barrantes FJ. Therapeutic Strategies Aimed at Improving Neuroplasticity in Alzheimer Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2052. [PMID: 37631266 PMCID: PMC10459958 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia among elderly people. Owing to its varied and multicausal etiopathology, intervention strategies have been highly diverse. Despite ongoing advances in the field, efficient therapies to mitigate AD symptoms or delay their progression are still of limited scope. Neuroplasticity, in broad terms the ability of the brain to modify its structure in response to external stimulation or damage, has received growing attention as a possible therapeutic target, since the disruption of plastic mechanisms in the brain appear to correlate with various forms of cognitive impairment present in AD patients. Several pre-clinical and clinical studies have attempted to enhance neuroplasticity via different mechanisms, for example, regulating glucose or lipid metabolism, targeting the activity of neurotransmitter systems, or addressing neuroinflammation. In this review, we first describe several structural and functional aspects of neuroplasticity. We then focus on the current status of pharmacological approaches to AD stemming from clinical trials targeting neuroplastic mechanisms in AD patients. This is followed by an analysis of analogous pharmacological interventions in animal models, according to their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F. Colavitta
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA)—National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía (CIPP-UCA), Facultad de Psicología, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina;
| | - Francisco J. Barrantes
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA)—National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina
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50
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Seath P, Macedo-Orrego LE, Velayudhan L. Clinical characteristics of early-onset versus late-onset Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Psychogeriatr 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37431284 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610223000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A number of studies have compared Alzheimer's disease (AD), the commonest form of dementia, based on their age of onset, i.e. before the age of 65 years (early-onset AD, EO-AD) to those developing after 65 years of age (late-onset AD, LO-AD), but the differences are not clear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare clinical characteristics between EO-AD and LO-AD. DESIGN, MEASUREMENTS, AND PARTICIPANTS Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases were systematically searched for studies comparing time to diagnosis, cognitive scores, annual cognitive decline, activities of daily living (ADLs), neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), quality of life (QoL), and survival time for EO-AD and LO-AD patients. RESULTS Forty-two studies were included (EO-AD participants n = 5,544; LO-AD participants n = 16,042). An inverse variance method with random effects models was used to calculate overall effect estimates for each outcome. People with EO-AD had significantly poorer baseline cognitive performance and faster cognitive decline but longer survival times than people with LO-AD. There was no evidence that EO-AD patients differ from people with LO-AD in terms of symptom onset to diagnosis time, ADLs, and NPS. There were insufficient data to estimate overall effects of differences in QoL in EO-AD compared to LO-AD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that EO-AD differs from LO-AD in baseline cognition, cognitive decline, and survival time but otherwise has similar clinical characteristics to LO-AD. Larger studies using standardized questionnaires focusing on the clinical presentations are needed to better understand the impact of age of onset in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Seath
- Academic Psychiatry Division, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Luis Enrique Macedo-Orrego
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- Departamento de atencion especializada de adultos mayores, Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental, Lima, Peru
| | - Latha Velayudhan
- Academic Psychiatry Division, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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