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van Olst L, Kamermans A, Halters S, van der Pol SMA, Rodriguez E, Verberk IMW, Verberk SGS, Wessels DWR, Rodriguez-Mogeda C, Verhoeff J, Wouters D, Van den Bossche J, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Lemstra AW, Witte ME, van der Flier WM, Teunissen CE, de Vries HE. Adaptive immune changes associate with clinical progression of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:38. [PMID: 38658964 PMCID: PMC11044380 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia. Recent evidence suggests the involvement of peripheral immune cells in the disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS We comprehensively mapped peripheral immune changes in AD patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia compared to controls, using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF). RESULTS We found an adaptive immune signature in AD, and specifically highlight the accumulation of PD1+ CD57+ CD8+ T effector memory cells re-expressing CD45RA in the MCI stage of AD. In addition, several innate and adaptive immune cell subsets correlated to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD neuropathology and measures for cognitive decline. Intriguingly, subsets of memory T and B cells were negatively associated with CSF biomarkers for tau pathology, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in AD patients. Lastly, we established the influence of the APOE ε4 allele on peripheral immunity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings illustrate significant peripheral immune alterations associated with both early and late clinical stages of AD, emphasizing the necessity for further investigation into how these changes influence underlying brain pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn van Olst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Present address: The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Alwin Kamermans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sem Halters
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne M A van der Pol
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ernesto Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne G S Verberk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle W R Wessels
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carla Rodriguez-Mogeda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dorine Wouters
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Afina W Lemstra
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten E Witte
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurovascular Disorders, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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2
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Bellomo G, Bayoumy S, Megaro A, Toja A, Nardi G, Gaetani L, Blujdea ER, Paolini Paoletti F, Wojdaƚa AL, Chiasserini D, van der Flier WM, Verberk IMW, Teunissen C, Parnetti L. Fully automated measurement of plasma Aβ42/40 and p-tau181: Analytical robustness and concordance with cerebrospinal fluid profile along the Alzheimer's disease continuum in two independent cohorts. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2453-2468. [PMID: 38323780 PMCID: PMC11032583 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For routine clinical implementation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) plasma biomarkers, fully automated random-access platforms are crucial to ensure reproducible measurements. We aimed to perform an analytical validation and to establish cutoffs for AD plasma biomarkers measured with Lumipulse. METHODS Two cohorts were included. UNIPG: n = 450 paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/plasma samples from subjects along the AD-continuum, subjects affected by other neurodegenerative diseases, and controls with known CSF profile; AMS: n = 40 plasma samples from AD and n = 40 controls. Plasma amyloid β (Aβ)42, Aβ40, and p-tau181 were measured with Lumipulse. We evaluated analytical and diagnostic performance. RESULTS Lumipulse assays showed high analytical performance. Plasma p-tau181 levels accurately reflected CSF A+/T+ profile in AD-dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-AD, but not in asymptomatic-AD. Plasma and CSF Aβ42/40 values were concordant across clinical AD stages. Cutoffs and probability-based models performed satisfactorily in both cohorts. DISCUSSION The identified cutoffs and probability-based models represent a significant step toward plasma AD molecular diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bellomo
- Center for Memory DisturbancesLab of Clinical NeurochemistrySection of NeurologyDepartment of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Sherif Bayoumy
- Neurochemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Laboratory MedicineAmsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Alfredo Megaro
- Center for Memory DisturbancesLab of Clinical NeurochemistrySection of NeurologyDepartment of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Andrea Toja
- Center for Memory DisturbancesLab of Clinical NeurochemistrySection of NeurologyDepartment of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Giovanna Nardi
- Center for Memory DisturbancesLab of Clinical NeurochemistrySection of NeurologyDepartment of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Lorenzo Gaetani
- Center for Memory DisturbancesLab of Clinical NeurochemistrySection of NeurologyDepartment of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Elena R. Blujdea
- Neurochemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Laboratory MedicineAmsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Federico Paolini Paoletti
- Center for Memory DisturbancesLab of Clinical NeurochemistrySection of NeurologyDepartment of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Anna Lidia Wojdaƚa
- Center for Memory DisturbancesLab of Clinical NeurochemistrySection of NeurologyDepartment of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Davide Chiasserini
- Section of BiochemistryDepartment of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Wiesje M. van der Flier
- Alzheimer CenterDepartment of NeurologyVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Data ScienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Inge M. W. Verberk
- Neurochemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Laboratory MedicineAmsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Teunissen
- Neurochemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Laboratory MedicineAmsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Center for Memory DisturbancesLab of Clinical NeurochemistrySection of NeurologyDepartment of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
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3
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Twait EL, Gerritsen L, Moonen JEF, Verberk IMW, Teunissen CE, Visser PJ, van der Flier WM, Geerlings MI. Plasma Markers of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology, Neuronal Injury, and Astrocytic Activation and MRI Load of Vascular Pathology and Neurodegeneration: The SMART-MR Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032134. [PMID: 38353228 PMCID: PMC11010072 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two of the main causes for dementia are Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular pathology, with most patients showing mixed pathology. Plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease-related pathology have recently emerged, including Aβ (amyloid-beta), p-tau (phosphorylated tau), NfL (neurofilament light), and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein). There is a current gap in the literature regarding whether there is an association between these plasma biomarkers with vascular pathology and neurodegeneration. METHODS AND RESULTS Cross-sectional data from 594 individuals (mean [SD] age: 64 [8] years; 17% female) were included from the SMART-MR (Second Manifestations of Arterial Disease-Magnetic Resonance) study, a prospective cohort study of individuals with a history of arterial disease. Plasma markers were assessed using single molecular array assays (Quanterix). Magnetic resonance imaging markers included white matter hyperintensity volume, presence of infarcts (yes/no), total brain volume, and hippocampal volume assessed on 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging. Linear regressions were performed for each standardized plasma marker with white matter hyperintensity volume, total brain volume, and hippocampal volume as separate outcomes, correcting for age, sex, education, and intracranial volume. Logistic regressions were performed for the presence of lacunar and cortical infarcts. Higher p-tau181 was associated with larger white matter hyperintensity volume (b per SD increase=0.16 [95% CI, 0.06-0.26], P=0.015). Higher NfL (b=-5.63, [95% CI, -8.95 to -2.31], P=0.015) was associated with lower total brain volume and the presence of infarcts (odds ratio [OR], 1.42 [95% CI, 1.13-1.78], P=0.039). Higher GFAP levels were associated with cortical infarcts (OR, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.09-1.92], P=0.010). CONCLUSIONS Plasma biomarkers that have been associated with tau pathology, axonal injury, and astrocytic activation are related to magnetic resonance imagingmarkers of vascular pathology and neurodegeneration in patients with manifest arterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Twait
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of General PracticeAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Aging & Later Life, and Personalized MedicineAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress, and SleepAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Lotte Gerritsen
- Department of PsychologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Justine E. F. Moonen
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurology, Epidemiology and Data ScienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Inge M. W. Verberk
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine,AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine,AmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurology, Epidemiology and Data ScienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M. van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurology, Epidemiology and Data ScienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data ScienceAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mirjam I. Geerlings
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary CareUniversity Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Aging & Later Life, and Personalized MedicineAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, and Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress, and SleepAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of General PracticeAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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4
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Das S, van Engelen MPE, Goossens J, Jacobs D, Bongers B, Fieldhouse JLP, Pijnenburg YAL, Teunissen CE, Vanmechelen E, Verberk IMW. The use of synaptic biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid to differentiate behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia from primary psychiatric disorders and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:34. [PMID: 38355535 PMCID: PMC10865562 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01409-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of early molecular biomarkers in sporadic behavioral variants of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and its clinical overlap with primary psychiatric disorders (PPD) hampers its diagnostic distinction. Synaptic dysfunction is an early feature in bvFTD and identification of specific biomarkers might improve its diagnostic accuracy. Our goal was to understand the differential diagnostic potential of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) synaptic biomarkers in bvFTD versus PPD and their specificity towards bvFTD compared with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and controls. Additionally, we explored the association of CSF synaptic biomarkers with social cognition, cognitive performance, and disease severity in these clinical groups. METHODS Participants with probable bvFTD (n = 57), PPD (n = 71), AD (n = 60), and cognitively normal controls (n = 39) with available CSF, cognitive tests, and disease severity as frontotemporal lobar degeneration-modified clinical dementia rating scale (FTLD-CDR) were included. In a subset of bvFTD and PPD cases, Ekman 60 faces test scores for social cognition were available. CSF synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25), neurogranin (Ng), neuronal pentraxin 2 (NPTX2), and glutamate receptor 4 (GluR4) were measured, along with neurofilament light (NfL), and compared between groups using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and logistic regression. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using ROC analyses, and biomarker panels were selected using Wald's backward selection. Correlations with cognitive measures were performed using Pearson's partial correlation analysis. RESULTS NPTX2 concentrations were lower in the bvFTD group compared with PPD (p < 0.001) and controls (p = 0.003) but not compared with AD. Concentrations of SNAP25 (p < 0.001) and Ng (p < 0.001) were elevated in patients with AD versus those with bvFTD and controls. The modeled panel for differential diagnosis of bvFTD versus PPD consisted of NfL and NPTX2 (AUC = 0.96, CI: 0.93-0.99, p < 0.001). In bvFTD versus AD, the modeled panel consisted of NfL, SNAP25, Ng, and GluR4 (AUC = 0.86, CI: 0.79-0.92, p < 0.001). In bvFTD, lower NPTX2 (Pearson's r = 0.29, p = 0.036) and GluR4 (Pearson's r = 0.34, p = 0.014) concentrations were weakly associated with worse performance of total cognitive score. Lower GluR4 concentrations were also associated with worse MMSE scores (Pearson's r = 0.41, p = 0.002) as well as with worse executive functioning (Pearson's r = 0.36, p = 0.011) in bvFTD. There were no associations between synaptic markers and social cognition or disease severity in bvFTD. CONCLUSION Our findings of involvement of NTPX2 in bvFTD but not PPD contribute towards better understanding of bvFTD disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyasee Das
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam, UMC location VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- ADx NeuroSciences, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 6, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Marie-Paule E van Engelen
- Neurology, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Julie Goossens
- ADx NeuroSciences, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 6, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Jacobs
- ADx NeuroSciences, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 6, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | - Bram Bongers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam, UMC location VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Jay L P Fieldhouse
- Neurology, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Yolande A L Pijnenburg
- Neurology, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam, UMC location VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
- Neurology, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | | | - Inge M W Verberk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam, UMC location VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
- Neurology, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, Amsterdam, 1081 HZ, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
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5
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Dubbelman MA, Hendriksen HMA, Harrison JE, Vijverberg EGB, Prins ND, Kroeze LA, Ottenhoff L, Van Leeuwenstijn MMSSA, Verberk IMW, Teunissen CE, van de Giessen EM, Van Harten AC, Van Der Flier WM, Sikkes SAM. Cognitive and Functional Change Over Time in Cognitively Healthy Individuals According to Alzheimer Disease Biomarker-Defined Subgroups. Neurology 2024; 102:e207978. [PMID: 38165338 PMCID: PMC10962908 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES It is unclear to what extent cognitive outcome measures are sensitive to capture decline in Alzheimer disease (AD) prevention trials. We aimed to analyze the sensitivity to changes over time of a range of neuropsychological tests in several cognitively unimpaired, biomarker-defined patient groups. METHODS Cognitively unimpaired individuals from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort and the SCIENCe project with available AD biomarkers, obtained from CSF, PET scans, and plasma at baseline, were followed over time (4.5 ± 3.1 years, range 0.6-18.9 years). Based on common inclusion criteria for clinical trials, we defined groups (amyloid, phosphorylated tau [p-tau], APOE ε4). Linear mixed models, adjusted for age, sex, and education, were used to estimate change over time in neuropsychological tests, a functional outcome, and 2 cognitive composite measures. Standardized regression coefficients of time in years (βtime) were reported as outcome of interest. We analyzed change over time with full follow-up, as well as with follow-up limited to 1.5 and 3 years. RESULTS We included 387 individuals (aged 61.7 ± 8.6 years; 44% female) in the following (partly overlapping) biomarker groups: APOE ε4 carriers (n = 212), amyloid-positive individuals (n = 109), amyloid-positive APOE ε4 carriers (n = 66), CSF p-tau-positive individuals (n = 127), plasma p-tau-positive individuals (n = 71), and amyloid and CSF p-tau-positive individuals (n = 50), or in a control group (normal biomarkers; n = 65). An executive functioning task showed most decline in all biomarker groups (βtime range -0.30 to -0.71), followed by delayed word list recognition (βtime range -0.18 to -0.50). Functional decline (βtime range -0.17 to -0.63) was observed in all, except the CSF and plasma tau-positive groups. Both composites showed comparable amounts of change (βtime range -0.12 to -0.62) in all groups, except plasma p-tau-positive individuals. When limiting original follow-up duration, many effects disappeared or even flipped direction. DISCUSSION In conclusion, functional, composite, and neuropsychological outcome measures across all cognitive domains detect changes over time in various biomarker-defined groups, with changes being most evident among individuals with more AD pathology. AD prevention trials should use sufficiently long follow-up duration and/or more sensitive outcome measures to optimally capture subtle cognitive changes over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Dubbelman
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Heleen M A Hendriksen
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John E Harrison
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Everard G B Vijverberg
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Niels D Prins
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lior A Kroeze
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lois Ottenhoff
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mardou M S S A Van Leeuwenstijn
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elsmarieke M van de Giessen
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Argonde C Van Harten
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M Van Der Flier
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sietske A M Sikkes
- From the Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology (M.A.D., H.M.A.H., J.E.H., E.G.B.V., L.A.K., L.O., M.M.S.S.A.V.L., I.M.W.V., C.E.T., A.C.V.H., W.M.V.D.F., S.A.M.S.), and Departments of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (E.M.v.d.G.), Epidemiology & Data Science (W.M.V.D.F.), and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam Neuroscience; Brain Research Center (N.D.P., L.O.); and Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology (S.A.M.S.), Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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6
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Bayoumy S, Verberk IMW, Vermunt L, Willemse E, den Dulk B, van der Ploeg AT, Pajkrt D, Nitz E, van den Hout JMP, van der Post J, Wolf NI, Beerepoot S, Groen EJN, Tüngler V, Teunissen CE. Neurofilament light protein as a biomarker for spinal muscular atrophy: a review and reference ranges. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 0:cclm-2023-1311. [PMID: 38215341 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is the leading genetic cause of infant mortality, characterized by progressive neuromuscular degeneration resulting from mutations in the survival motor neuron (SMN1) gene. The availability of disease-modifying therapies for SMA therapies highlights the pressing need for easily accessible and cost-effective blood biomarkers to monitor treatment response and for better disease management. Additionally, the wide implementation of newborn genetic screening programs in Western countries enables presymptomatic diagnosis of SMA and immediate treatment administration. However, the absence of monitoring and prognostic blood biomarkers for neurodegeneration in SMA hinders effective disease management. Neurofilament light protein (NfL) is a promising biomarker of neuroaxonal damage in SMA and reflects disease progression in children with SMA undergoing treatment. Recently, the European Medicines Agency issued a letter of support endorsing the potential utilization of NfL as a biomarker of pediatric neurological diseases, including SMA. Within this review, we comprehensively assess the potential applications of NfL as a monitoring biomarker for disease severity and treatment response in pediatric-onset SMA. We provide reference ranges for normal levels of serum based NfL in neurologically healthy children aged 0-18 years. These reference ranges enable accurate interpretation of NfL levels in children and can accelerate the implementation of NfL into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Bayoumy
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Vermunt
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eline Willemse
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ben den Dulk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ans T van der Ploeg
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dasja Pajkrt
- Organovir Labs, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisa Nitz
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna M P van den Hout
- Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julie van der Post
- Organovir Labs, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers Location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole I Wolf
- Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Amsterdam, and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shanice Beerepoot
- Amsterdam Leukodystrophy Center, Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VU University Amsterdam, and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ewout J N Groen
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Victoria Tüngler
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- University Center for Rare Diseases, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Trieu C, van Harten AC, Leeuwis AE, Exalto LG, Hooghiemstra AM, Verberk IMW, Allaart CP, Brunner-La Rocca HP, Kappelle LJ, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Biessels GJ, Teunissen CE, van der Flier WM. Alzheimer's Disease and Cognitive Decline in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases Along the Heart-Brain Axis. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:987-1000. [PMID: 38489178 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Background We hypothesize that Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathology may accelerate cognitive decline in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Objective To investigate the association between blood-based biomarkers of AD, astrocyte activation, and neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Methods From the multi-center Heart-Brain study, we included 412 patients with heart failure, carotid occlusive disease or vascular cognitive impairment (age:68.6±9.0) and 128 reference participants (65.7±7.5). Baseline amyloid-β42/40 (Aβ42/40), phosphorylated-tau181 (pTau181), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light (NfL) were determined using SiMoA (Quanterix). Memory, attention, language, and executive functioning were evaluated (follow-up:2.1±0.3 years). We applied linear mixed models with terms for biomarker, time and biomarker*time interactions, adjusted for age, sex, education, and site, to assess associations between biomarkers and cognitive decline. Results Among patients, Aβ42/40 was not associated with cognitive performance at baseline. However, lower Aβ42/40 was associated with steeper decline in global cognition (β±SE:0.04±0.02). Higher pTau181 was associated with worse baseline performance on global cognition (-0.14±0.04) and memory (-0.31±0.09) and with steeper decline in global cognition (-0.07±0.02), memory (-0.09±0.04), attention (-0.05±0.02), and language (-0.10±0.03). Higher GFAP was associated with worse baseline performance on global cognition (-0.22±0.05), memory (-0.43±0.10), attention (-0.14±0.06), language (-0.15±0.05), and executive functioning (-0.15±0.05) and steeper decline in global cognition (-0.05±0.01). Higher NfL was associated with worse baseline performance on global cognition (-0.16±0.04), memory (-0.28±0.09), attention (-0.20±0.06), and executive functioning (-0.10±0.04), but was not associated with performance over time. In reference participants, no associations were found. Conclusions Our findings suggest that blood-based biomarkers of AD-related pathology predict cognitive decline in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin Trieu
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Argonde C van Harten
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna E Leeuwis
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lieza G Exalto
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Brain Research Center, Zwolle, The Netherlands
- Julius Clinical, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid M Hooghiemstra
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cor P Allaart
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - L Jaap Kappelle
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Geert-Jan Biessels
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (Amsterdam UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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8
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Teunissen CE, Kimble L, Bayoumy S, Bolsewig K, Burtscher F, Coppens S, Das S, Gogishvili D, Fernandes Gomes B, Gómez de San José N, Mavrina E, Meda FJ, Mohaupt P, Mravinacová S, Waury K, Wojdała AL, Abeln S, Chiasserini D, Hirtz C, Gaetani L, Vermunt L, Bellomo G, Halbgebauer S, Lehmann S, Månberg A, Nilsson P, Otto M, Vanmechelen E, Verberk IMW, Willemse E, Zetterberg H. Methods to Discover and Validate Biofluid-Based Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Dementias. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100629. [PMID: 37557955 PMCID: PMC10594029 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative dementias are progressive diseases that cause neuronal network breakdown in different brain regions often because of accumulation of misfolded proteins in the brain extracellular matrix, such as amyloids or inside neurons or other cell types of the brain. Several diagnostic protein biomarkers in body fluids are being used and implemented, such as for Alzheimer's disease. However, there is still a lack of biomarkers for co-pathologies and other causes of dementia. Such biofluid-based biomarkers enable precision medicine approaches for diagnosis and treatment, allow to learn more about underlying disease processes, and facilitate the development of patient inclusion and evaluation tools in clinical trials. When designing studies to discover novel biofluid-based biomarkers, choice of technology is an important starting point. But there are so many technologies to choose among. To address this, we here review the technologies that are currently available in research settings and, in some cases, in clinical laboratory practice. This presents a form of lexicon on each technology addressing its use in research and clinics, its strengths and limitations, and a future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Teunissen
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Leighann Kimble
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; KIN Center for Digital Innovation, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sherif Bayoumy
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Katharina Bolsewig
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Felicia Burtscher
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Salomé Coppens
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; National Measurement Laboratory at LGC, Teddington, United Kingdom
| | - Shreyasee Das
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ADx NeuroSciences, Gent, Belgium
| | - Dea Gogishvili
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bárbara Fernandes Gomes
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Nerea Gómez de San José
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ekaterina Mavrina
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; KIN Center for Digital Innovation, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Meda
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Pablo Mohaupt
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; LBPC-PPC, IRMB CHU Montpellier, INM INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sára Mravinacová
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katharina Waury
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anna Lidia Wojdała
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Sanne Abeln
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Davide Chiasserini
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Section of Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; LBPC-PPC, IRMB CHU Montpellier, INM INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Lorenzo Gaetani
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lisa Vermunt
- Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Bellomo
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Steffen Halbgebauer
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE e.V.), Ulm, Germany
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; LBPC-PPC, IRMB CHU Montpellier, INM INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anna Månberg
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nilsson
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Otto
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Eugeen Vanmechelen
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ADx NeuroSciences, Gent, Belgium
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eline Willemse
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Neurochemistry Lab, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- MIRIADE Consortium, Multiomics Interdisciplinary Research Integration to Address DEmentia diagnosis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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9
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Ikanga J, Patel SS, Roberts BR, Schwinne M, Hickle S, Verberk IMW, Epenge E, Gikelekele G, Tshengele N, Kavugho I, Mampunza S, Yarasheski KE, Teunissen CE, Stringer A, Levey A, Alonso A. Association of plasma biomarkers with cognitive function in persons with dementia and cognitively healthy in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2023; 15:e12496. [PMID: 37954546 PMCID: PMC10632676 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction This study investigates whether plasma biomarkers (Aβ42/40 and p-tau 181), APS, as well as apolipoprotein E (APOE) proteotype predict cognitive deficits in elderly adults from the Democratic Republic of Congo. Methods Forty-four with possible AD (pAD) and 41 healthy control (HC) subjects were screened using CSID and AQ, underwent cognitive assessment with the African Neuropsychology Battery (ANB), and provided blood samples for plasma Aβ42, Aβ40, Aβ42/40, and APOE proteotype. Linear and logistic regression were used to evaluate the associations of plasma biomarkers with ANB tests and the ability of biomarkers to predict cognitive status. Results Patients with pAD had significantly lower plasma Aβ42/40 levels, higher APS, and higher prevalence of APOE E4 allele compared to HC. Groups did not differ in levels of Aβ40, Aβ42, or P-tau 181. Results showed that Aβ42/40 ratio and APS were significantly associated with African Naming Test (ANT), African List Memory Test (ALMT), and African Visuospatial Memory Test (AVMT) scores, while the presence of APOE E4 allele was associated with ANT, ALMT, AVMT, and APT scores. P-tau 181 did not show any significant associations while adjusting for age, education, and gender. APS showed the highest area under the curve (AUC) value (AUC = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68-0.88) followed by Aβ42/40 (AUC = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.66-0.86) and APOE E4 (AUC = 0.69 (CI 0.57-0.81) in discriminating pAD from HC. Discussion These results demonstrate associations between select plasma biomarker of AD pathology (Aβ42/40), APS, and APOE E4 allele) and ANB test scores and the ability of these biomarkers to differentiate pAD from cognitively normal SSA individuals, consistent with findings reported in other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Ikanga
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of PsychiatrySchool of MedicineUniversity of Kinshasa and Catholic University of CongoKinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo
| | - Saranya Sundaram Patel
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Blaine R. Roberts
- Department of BiochemistryDepartment of neurologySchool of MedicineEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Megan Schwinne
- Department of EpidemiologyRollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Sabrina Hickle
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Inge M. W. Verberk
- Neurochemistry laboratoryDepartment of Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije UniversitietAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Emmanuel Epenge
- Department of neurologyUniversity of KinshasaKinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo
| | - Guy Gikelekele
- Department of PsychiatrySchool of MedicineUniversity of Kinshasa and Catholic University of CongoKinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo
| | - Nathan Tshengele
- Department of PsychiatrySchool of MedicineUniversity of Kinshasa and Catholic University of CongoKinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Samuel Mampunza
- Department of PsychiatrySchool of MedicineUniversity of Kinshasa and Catholic University of CongoKinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry laboratoryDepartment of Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam Neuroscience, NeurodegenerationAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije UniversitietAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Anthony Stringer
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Allan Levey
- Department of NeurologyEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of EpidemiologyRollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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10
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Yuan J, Pedrini S, Thota R, Doecke J, Chatterjee P, Sohrabi HR, Teunissen CE, Verberk IMW, Stoops E, Vanderstichele H, Meloni BP, Mitchell C, Rainey-Smith S, Goozee K, Tai ACP, Ashton N, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Gao J, Liu D, Mastaglia F, Inderjeeth C, Zheng M, Martins RN. Elevated plasma sclerostin is associated with high brain amyloid-β load in cognitively normal older adults. NPJ Aging 2023; 9:17. [PMID: 37666862 PMCID: PMC10477312 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) mainly affect older individuals, and the possibility of an underlying link contributing to their shared epidemiological features has rarely been investigated. In the current study, we investigated the association between levels of plasma sclerostin (SOST), a protein primarily produced by bone, and brain amyloid-beta (Aβ) load, a pathological hallmark of AD. The study enrolled participants meeting a set of screening inclusion and exclusion criteria and were stratified into Aβ- (n = 65) and Aβ+ (n = 35) according to their brain Aβ load assessed using Aβ-PET (positron emission tomography) imaging. Plasma SOST levels, apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) genotype and several putative AD blood-biomarkers including Aβ40, Aβ42, Aβ42/Aβ40, neurofilament light (NFL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau181 and p-tau231) were detected and compared. It was found that plasma SOST levels were significantly higher in the Aβ+ group (71.49 ± 25.00 pmol/L) compared with the Aβ- group (56.51 ± 22.14 pmol/L) (P < 0.01). Moreover, Spearman's correlation analysis showed that plasma SOST concentrations were positively correlated with brain Aβ load (ρ = 0.321, P = 0.001). Importantly, plasma SOST combined with Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio significantly increased the area under the curve (AUC) when compared with using Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio alone (AUC = 0.768 vs 0.669, P = 0.027). In conclusion, plasma SOST levels are elevated in cognitively unimpaired older adults at high risk of AD and SOST could complement existing plasma biomarkers to assist in the detection of preclinical AD.
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Grants
- 2018-02532 Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- KB is supported by the Swedish Research Council (#2017-00915), the Alzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF), USA (#RDAPB-201809-2016615), the Swedish Alzheimer Foundation (#AF-930351, #AF-939721 and #AF-968270), Hjärnfonden, Sweden (#FO2017-0243 and #ALZ2022-0006), the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the County Councils, the ALF-agreement (#ALFGBG-715986 and #ALFGBG-965240), the European Union Joint Program for Neurodegenerative Disorders (JPND2019-466-236), and the Alzheimer’s Association 2021 Zenith Award (ZEN-21-848495).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yuan
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Steve Pedrini
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Rohith Thota
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - James Doecke
- Australian E-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pratishtha Chatterjee
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Hamid R Sohrabi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Future Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- The Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Stoops
- ADx NeuroSciences, Technologiepark 94, 9052, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Bruno P Meloni
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Christopher Mitchell
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Stephanie Rainey-Smith
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Future Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kathryn Goozee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- KaRa Institute of Neurological Disease, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Chi Pang Tai
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Nicholas Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Delin Liu
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Frank Mastaglia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Charles Inderjeeth
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Sir Charles Gairdner and Osborne Park Health Care Group, Perth, Australia
| | - Minghao Zheng
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Ralph N Martins
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Future Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- The Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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11
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Waury K, de Wit R, Verberk IMW, Teunissen CE, Abeln S. Deciphering Protein Secretion from the Brain to Cerebrospinal Fluid for Biomarker Discovery. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3068-3080. [PMID: 37606934 PMCID: PMC10476268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an essential matrix for the discovery of neurological disease biomarkers. However, the high dynamic range of protein concentrations in CSF hinders the detection of the least abundant protein biomarkers by untargeted mass spectrometry. It is thus beneficial to gain a deeper understanding of the secretion processes within the brain. Here, we aim to explore if and how the secretion of brain proteins to the CSF can be predicted. By combining a curated CSF proteome and the brain elevated proteome of the Human Protein Atlas, brain proteins were classified as CSF or non-CSF secreted. A machine learning model was trained on a range of sequence-based features to differentiate between CSF and non-CSF groups and effectively predict the brain origin of proteins. The classification model achieves an area under the curve of 0.89 if using high confidence CSF proteins. The most important prediction features include the subcellular localization, signal peptides, and transmembrane regions. The classifier generalized well to the larger brain detected proteome and is able to correctly predict novel CSF proteins identified by affinity proteomics. In addition to elucidating the underlying mechanisms of protein secretion, the trained classification model can support biomarker candidate selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Waury
- Department
of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renske de Wit
- Department
of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M. W. Verberk
- Neurochemistry
Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry
Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Abeln
- Department
of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit
Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Coomans EM, Verberk IMW, Ossenkoppele R, Verfaillie SCJ, Visser D, Gouda M, Tuncel H, Wolters EE, Timmers T, Windhorst AD, Golla SSV, Scheltens P, van WM, Flier D, van Berckel BNM, Teunissen CE. A Head-to-Head Comparison Between Plasma pTau181 and Tau PET Along the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:437-443. [PMID: 36229187 PMCID: PMC10071811 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.122.264279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Both plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine-181 (pTau181) and tau PET show potential for detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and predicting clinical progression. In this study, we performed a head-to-head comparison between plasma pTau181 and tau PET along the AD continuum. Methods: We included participants from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort who underwent 18F-flortaucipir (tau) PET and had a plasma sample biobanked within 12 mo from tau PET. Fifty subjective cognitive decline (SCD) participants (31 Aβ-negative and 19 Aβ-positive) and 60 Aβ-positive participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia due to AD were included. A subset had 2-y longitudinal plasma pTau181 and tau PET available (n = 40). Longitudinal neuropsychological test data covering 3.2 ± 2.7 y from both before and after tau PET were available. Plasma pTau181 and tau PET were compared in their accuracies in discriminating between cognitive stage (MCI/AD vs. SCD) and preclinical Aβ status (SCD Aβ-positive vs. SCD Aβ-negative), their associations with cross-sectional and longitudinal neuropsychological test performance, and their longitudinal changes over time. Results: When discriminating between preclinical Aβ status, the area under the curve (AUC) for plasma pTau181 (0.83) and tau PET (entorhinal, 0.87; temporal, 0.85; neocortical, 0.67) were equally high (all DeLong P > 0.05), but tau PET outperformed plasma pTau181 in discriminating MCI/AD from SCD (AUC for plasma pTau181: 0.74; AUCs for tau PET: entorhinal, 0.89; temporal, 0.92; neocortical, 0.89) (all P < 0.01). Overall, tau PET showed stronger associations with cognitive decline and was associated with a wider variety of cognitive tests than plasma pTau181 (plasma pTau181, -0.02 > β < -0.12; tau PET, -0.01 > β < -0.22). Both plasma pTau181 and tau PET increased more steeply over time in MCI/AD than in SCD (P < 0.05), but only tau PET annual changes were associated with cognitive decline. Conclusion: Our results suggest that plasma pTau181 and tau PET perform equally well in identifying Aβ pathology but that tau PET better monitors disease stage and clinical progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Coomans
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sander C J Verfaillie
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Denise Visser
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariam Gouda
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hayel Tuncel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emma E Wolters
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa Timmers
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandeep S V Golla
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart N M van Berckel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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den Braber A, Verberk IMW, Tomassen J, den Dulk B, Stoops E, Dage JL, Collij LE, Barkhof F, Willemsen G, Nivard MG, van Berckel BNM, Scheltens P, Visser PJ, de Geus EJC, Teunissen CE. Plasma biomarkers predict amyloid pathology in cognitively normal monozygotic twins after 10 years. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad024. [PMID: 36824390 PMCID: PMC9942541 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-based biomarkers could prove useful to predict Alzheimer's disease core pathologies in advance of clinical symptoms. Implementation of such biomarkers requires a solid understanding of their long-term dynamics and the contribution of confounding to their association with Alzheimer's disease pathology. Here we assess the value of plasma amyloid-β1-42/1-40, phosphorylated-tau181 and glial fibrillary acidic protein to detect early Alzheimer's disease pathology, accounting for confounding by genetic and early environmental factors. Participants were 200 monozygotic twins, aged ≥60 years with normal cognition from the european medical information framework for Alzheimer's disease study. All twins had amyloid-β status and plasma samples available at study enrolment. For 80 twins, additional plasma samples were available that had been collected approximately 10 years prior to amyloid-β status assessment. Single-molecule array assays were applied to measure amyloid-β1-42/1-40, phosphorylated-tau181 and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Predictive value of and longitudinal change in these biomarkers were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and linear mixed models. Amyloid pathology could be predicted using blood-based biomarkers obtained at the time of amyloid status assessment (amyloid-β1-42/1-40: area under the curve = 0.65, P = 0.01; phosphorylated-tau181: area under the curve = 0.84, P < 0.001; glial fibrillary acidic protein: area under the curve = 0.74, P < 0.001), as well as using those obtained 10 years prior to amyloid status assessment (amyloid-β1-42/1-40: area under the curve = 0.69, P = 0.03; phosphorylated-tau181: area under the curve = 0.92, P < 0.001; glial fibrillary acidic protein: area under the curve = 0.84, P < 0.001). Longitudinally, amyloid-β1-42/1-40 levels decreased [β (SE) = -0.12 (0.01), P < 0.001] and phosphorylated-tau181 levels increased [β (SE) = 0.02 (0.01), P = 0.004]. Amyloid-β-positive individuals showed a steeper increase in phosphorylated-tau181 compared with amyloid-β-negative individuals [β (SE) = 0.06 (0.02), P = 0.004]. Also amyloid-β-positive individuals tended to show a steeper increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein [β (SE) = 0.04 (0.02), P = 0.07]. Within monozygotic twin pairs, those with higher plasma phosphorylated-tau181 and lower amyloid-β1-42/1-40 levels were more likely to be amyloid-β positive [β (SE) = 0.95 (0.26), P < 0.001; β (SE) = -0.28 (0.14), P < 0.05] indicating minimal contribution of confounding by genetic and early environmental factors. Our data support the use of amyloid-β1-42/1-40, phosphorylated-tau181 and glial fibrillary acidic protein as screening tools for Alzheimer's disease pathology in the normal aging population, which is of importance for enrolment of high-risk subjects in secondary, or even primary, prevention trials. Furthermore, these markers show potential as low-invasive monitoring tool of disease progression and possibly treatment effects in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk den Braber
- Correspondence to: Anouk den Braber, PhD Alzheimer Center Amsterdam & Netherlands Twin Register Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc PK-1X, De Boelelaan 1118 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands E-mail: ,
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Neurochemistry Laboratory Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jori Tomassen
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ben den Dulk
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Neurochemistry Laboratory Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jeffrey L Dage
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Lyduine E Collij
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel G Nivard
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart N M van Berckel
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Brain Imaging, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Alzheimer Center Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Neurochemistry Laboratory Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Vermunt L, Otte M, Verberk IMW, Killestein J, Lemstra AW, van der Flier WM, Pijnenburg YAL, Vijverberg EGB, Bouwman FH, Gravesteijn G, van de Berg WDJ, Scheltens P, van Harten AC, Willemse EAJ, Teunissen CE. Age- and disease-specific reference values for neurofilament light presented in an online interactive support interface. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1832-1837. [PMID: 36196979 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Interpretation of axonal damage biomarker Neurofilament Light chain (NfL) concentrations is difficult due to the lack of age-specific and disease-specific reference values. We here developed an interactive interface to support interpretation of NfL results in human body fluids. We used NfL values of 1698 individuals without a neurological disorder, aged 19-85 years, and patients with MS and dementias. Percentile regression estimates per diagnosis populate interactive graphs, alongside NfL background information (available on: https://mybiomarkers.shinyapps.io/Neurofilament). This accessible interface provides reference for interpretation of the individual patient results for clinicians. It showcases an adaptable method to support interpretation of age-dependent biomarkers in neurology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Vermunt
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Otte
- Network Institute Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joep Killestein
- MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Afina W Lemstra
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yolande A L Pijnenburg
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Everard G B Vijverberg
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Femke H Bouwman
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gido Gravesteijn
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma D J van de Berg
- Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Life Science Partners (LSP), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Argonde C van Harten
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eline A J Willemse
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Thijssen EH, Verberk IMW, Kindermans J, Abramian A, Vanbrabant J, Ball AJ, Pijnenburg Y, Lemstra AW, van der Flier WM, Stoops E, Hirtz C, Teunissen CE. Differential diagnostic performance of a panel of plasma biomarkers for different types of dementia. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2022; 14:e12285. [PMID: 35603139 PMCID: PMC9107685 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction We explored what combination of blood‐based biomarkers (amyloid beta [Aβ]1‐42/1‐40, phosphorylated tau [p‐tau]181, neurofilament light [NfL], glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]) differentiates Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Methods We measured the biomarkers with Simoa in two separate cohorts (n = 160 and n = 152). In one cohort, Aβ1‐42/1‐40 was also measured with mass spectrometry (MS). We assessed the differential diagnostic value of the markers, by logistic regression with Wald's backward selection. Results MS and Simoa Aβ1‐42/1‐40 similarly differentiated AD from controls. The Simoa panel that optimally differentiated AD from FTD consisted of NfL and p‐tau181 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.94; cohort 1) or NfL, GFAP, and p‐tau181 (AUC = 0.90; cohort 2). For AD from DLB, the panel consisted of NfL, p‐tau181, and GFAP (AUC = 0.88; cohort 1), and only p‐tau181 (AUC = 0.81; cohort 2). Discussion A combination of plasma p‐tau181, NfL, and GFAP, but not Aβ1‐42/1‐40, might be useful to discriminate AD, FTD, and DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth H Thijssen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Jana Kindermans
- IRMB-PPC, INM, Univ Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS Montpellier France
| | - Adlin Abramian
- Neurochemistry Laboratory Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Yolande Pijnenburg
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam Department of Neurology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Afina W Lemstra
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam Department of Neurology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam Department of Neurology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | | | - Christophe Hirtz
- IRMB-PPC, INM, Univ Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS Montpellier France
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam the Netherlands
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16
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van Lierop ZYGJ, Verberk IMW, van Uffelen KWJ, Koel-Simmelink MJA, In 't Veld L, Killestein J, Teunissen CE. Pre-analytical stability of serum biomarkers for neurological disease: neurofilament-light, glial fibrillary acidic protein and contactin-1. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:842-850. [PMID: 35333481 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neurofilament-light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and contactin-1 (CNTN1) are blood-based biomarkers that could contribute to monitoring and prediction of disease and treatment outcomes in neurological diseases. Pre-analytical sample handling might affect results, which could be disease-dependent. We tested common handling variations in serum of volunteers as well as in a defined group of patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). METHODS Sample sets from 5 pwMS and 5 volunteers at the outpatient clinic were collected per experiment. We investigated the effect of the following variables: collection tube type, delayed centrifugation, centrifugation temperature, delayed storage after centrifugation and freeze-thawing. NfL and GFAP were measured by Simoa and CNTN1 by Luminex. A median recovery of 90-110% was considered stable. RESULTS For most pre-analytical variables, serum NfL and CNTN1 levels remained unaffected. In the total group, NfL levels increased (121%) after 6 h of delay at 2-8 °C until centrifugation, while no significant changes were observed after 24 h delay at room temperature (RT). In pwMS specifically, CNTN1 levels increased from additional freeze-thaw cycles number 2 to 4 (111%-141%), whereas volunteer levels remained stable. GFAP showed good stability for all pre-analytical variables. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the serum biomarkers tested were relatively unaffected by variations in sample handling. For serum NfL, we recommend storage at RT before centrifugation at 2-8 °C up to 6 h or at RT up to 24 h. For serum CNTN1, we advise a maximum of two freeze-thaw cycles. Our results confirm and expand on recently launched consensus standardized operating procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë Y G J van Lierop
- MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kees W J van Uffelen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen J A Koel-Simmelink
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joep Killestein
- MS Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Ebenau JL, Pelkmans W, Verberk IMW, Verfaillie S, van den Bosch KA, van Leeuwenstijn M, Collij L, Scheltens P, Prins N, Barkhof F, van Berckel B, Teunissen CE, Van der Flier WM. Association of CSF, Plasma, and Imaging Markers of Neurodegeneration With Clinical Progression in People With Subjective Cognitive Decline. Neurology 2022; 98:e1315-e1326. [PMID: 35110378 PMCID: PMC8967429 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Multiple biomarkers have been suggested to measure neurodegeneration (N) in the AT(N) framework, leading to inconsistencies between studies. We investigated the association of 5 N biomarkers with clinical progression and cognitive decline in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Methods We included individuals with SCD from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort and SCIENCe project, a longitudinal cohort study (follow-up 4±3 years). We used the following N biomarkers: CSF total tau (t-tau), medial temporal atrophy visual rating on MRI, hippocampal volume (HV), serum neurofilament light (NfL), and serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). We determined correlations between biomarkers. We assessed associations between N biomarkers and clinical progression to mild cognitive impairment or dementia (Cox regression) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) over time (linear mixed models). Models included age, sex, CSF β-amyloid (Aβ) (A), and CSF p-tau (T) as covariates, in addition to the N biomarker. Result We included 401 individuals (61±9 years, 42% female, MMSE 28 ± 2, vascular comorbidities 8%–19%). N biomarkers were modestly to moderately correlated (range r −0.28 – 0.58). Serum NfL and GFAP correlated most strongly (r 0.58, p < 0.01). T-tau was strongly correlated with p-tau (r 0.89, p < 0.01), although these biomarkers supposedly represent separate biomarker groups. All N biomarkers individually predicted clinical progression, but only HV, NfL, and GFAP added predictive value beyond Aβ and p-tau (hazard ratio 1.52 [95% CI 1.11–2.09]; 1.51 [1.05–2.17]; 1.50 [1.04–2.15]). T-tau, HV, and GFAP individually predicted MMSE slope (range β −0.17 to −0.11, p < 0.05), but only HV remained associated beyond Aβ and p-tau (β −0.13 [SE 0.04]; p < 0.05). Discussion In cognitively unimpaired older adults, correlations between different N biomarkers were only moderate, indicating they reflect different aspects of neurodegeneration and should not be used interchangeably. T-tau was strongly associated with p-tau (T), which makes it less desirable to use as a measure for N. HV, NfL, and GFAP predicted clinical progression beyond A and T. Our results do not allow to choose one most suitable biomarker for N, but illustrate the added prognostic value of N beyond A and T. Classification of Evidence This study provides Class II evidence that HV, NfL, and GFAP predicted clinical progression beyond A and T in individuals with SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarith L Ebenau
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Wiesje Pelkmans
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Verfaillie
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karlijn A van den Bosch
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mardou van Leeuwenstijn
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lyduine Collij
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Prins
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, UK
| | - Bart van Berckel
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M Van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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18
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Janelidze S, Palmqvist S, Leuzy A, Stomrud E, Verberk IMW, Zetterberg H, Ashton NJ, Pesini P, Sarasa L, Allué JA, Teunissen CE, Dage JL, Blennow K, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Hansson O. Detecting amyloid positivity in early Alzheimer's disease using combinations of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 and p-tau. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:283-293. [PMID: 34151519 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We studied usefulness of combining blood amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40, phosphorylated tau (p-tau)217, and neurofilament light (NfL) to detect abnormal brain Aβ deposition in different stages of early Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Plasma biomarkers were measured using mass spectrometry (Aβ42/Aβ40) and immunoassays (p-tau217 and NfL) in cognitively unimpaired individuals (CU, N = 591) and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, N = 304) from two independent cohorts (BioFINDER-1, BioFINDER-2). RESULTS In CU, a combination of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 and p-tau217 detected abnormal brain Aβ status with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.83 to 0.86. In MCI, the models including p-tau217 alone or Aβ42/Aβ40 and p-tau217 had similar AUCs (0.86-0.88); however, the latter showed improved model fit. The models were implemented in an online application providing individualized risk assessments (https://brainapps.shinyapps.io/PredictABplasma/). DISCUSSION A combination of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 and p-tau217 discriminated Aβ status with relatively high accuracy, whereas p-tau217 showed strongest associations with Aβ pathology in MCI but not in CU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorena Janelidze
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Palmqvist
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Antoine Leuzy
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erik Stomrud
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Institute Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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19
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Bayoumy S, Verberk IMW, den Dulk B, Hussainali Z, Zwan M, van der Flier WM, Ashton NJ, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Vanbrabant J, Stoops E, Vanmechelen E, Dage JL, Teunissen CE. Clinical and analytical comparison of six Simoa assays for plasma P-tau isoforms P-tau181, P-tau217, and P-tau231. Alzheimers Res Ther 2021; 13:198. [PMID: 34863295 PMCID: PMC8645090 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies using different assays and technologies showed highly promising diagnostic value of plasma phosphorylated (P-)tau levels for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to compare six P-tau Simoa assays, including three P-tau181 (Eli Lilly, ADx, Quanterix), one P-tau217 (Eli Lilly), and two P-tau231 (ADx, Gothenburg). METHODS We studied the analytical (sensitivity, precision, parallelism, dilution linearity, and recovery) and clinical (40 AD dementia patients, age 66±8years, 50%F; 40 age- and sex-matched controls) performance of the assays. RESULTS All assays showed robust analytical performance, and particularly P-tau217 Eli Lilly; P-tau231 Gothenburg and all P-tau181 assays showed robust clinical performance to differentiate AD from controls, with AUCs 0.936-0.995 (P-tau231 ADx: AUC = 0.719). Results obtained with all P-tau181 assays, P-tau217 Eli Lilly assay, and P-tau231 Gothenburg assay strongly correlated (Spearman's rho > 0.86), while correlations with P-tau231 ADx results were moderate (rho < 0.65). DISCUSSION P-tau isoforms can be measured robustly by several novel high-sensitive Simoa assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Bayoumy
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Ben den Dulk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Zulaiga Hussainali
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Marissa Zwan
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Institute Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK.,Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | - Erik Stoops
- ADx NeuroSciences NV, Technologiepark 94, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Jeffrey L Dage
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.,Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands
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20
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Stockmann J, Verberk IMW, Timmesfeld N, Denz R, Budde B, Lange-Leifhelm J, Scheltens P, van der Flier WM, Nabers A, Teunissen CE, Gerwert K. Correction to: Amyloid-β misfolding as a plasma biomarker indicates risk for future clinical Alzheimer’s disease in individuals with subjective cognitive decline. Alzheimers Res Ther 2021; 13:25. [PMID: 33451318 PMCID: PMC7809829 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00770-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Teunissen CE, Verberk IMW, Thijssen EH, Vermunt L, Hansson O, Zetterberg H, van der Flier WM, Mielke MM, Del Campo M. Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease: towards clinical implementation. Lancet Neurol 2021; 21:66-77. [PMID: 34838239 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(21)00361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
For many years, blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease seemed unattainable, but recent results have shown that they could become a reality. Convincing data generated with new high-sensitivity assays have emerged with remarkable consistency across different cohorts, but also independent of the precise analytical method used. Concentrations in blood of amyloid and phosphorylated tau proteins associate with the corresponding concentrations in CSF and with amyloid-PET or tau-PET scans. Moreover, other blood-based biomarkers of neurodegeneration, such as neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein, appear to provide information on disease progression and potential for monitoring treatment effects. Now the question emerges of when and how we can bring these biomarkers to clinical practice. This step would pave the way for blood-based biomarkers to support the diagnosis of, and development of treatments for, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth H Thijssen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lisa Vermunt
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sölvegatan, Sweden; Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, and Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, and Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marta Del Campo
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Verberk IMW, Misdorp EO, Koelewijn J, Ball AJ, Blennow K, Dage JL, Fandos N, Hansson O, Hirtz C, Janelidze S, Kang S, Kirmess K, Kindermans J, Lee R, Meyer MR, Shan D, Shaw LM, Waligorska T, West T, Zetterberg H, Edelmayer RM, Teunissen CE. Characterization of pre-analytical sample handling effects on a panel of Alzheimer's disease-related blood-based biomarkers: Results from the Standardization of Alzheimer's Blood Biomarkers (SABB) working group. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 18:1484-1497. [PMID: 34845818 PMCID: PMC9148379 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Pre‐analytical sample handling might affect the results of Alzheimer's disease blood‐based biomarkers. We empirically tested variations of common blood collection and handling procedures. Methods We created sample sets that address the effect of blood collection tube type, and of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid plasma delayed centrifugation, centrifugation temperature, aliquot volume, delayed storage, and freeze–thawing. We measured amyloid beta (Aβ)42 and 40 peptides with six assays, and Aβ oligomerization‐tendency (OAβ), amyloid precursor protein (APP)699‐711, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light (NfL), total tau (t‐tau), and phosphorylated tau181. Results Collection tube type resulted in different values of all assessed markers. Delayed plasma centrifugation and storage affected Aβ and t‐tau; t‐tau was additionally affected by centrifugation temperature. The other markers were resistant to handling variations. Discussion We constructed a standardized operating procedure for plasma handling, to facilitate introduction of blood‐based biomarkers into the research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Els O Misdorp
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jannet Koelewijn
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew J Ball
- Quanterix Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Salhgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | | | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- IRMB-LBPC/PPC, INM, Univ Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Jana Kindermans
- IRMB-LBPC/PPC, INM, Univ Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INSERM CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Ryan Lee
- PeopleBio, Seongnam, South Korea
| | | | - Dandan Shan
- Quanterix Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leslie M Shaw
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Teresa Waligorska
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tim West
- C2N Diagnostics, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Salhgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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23
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Janelidze S, Teunissen CE, Zetterberg H, Allué JA, Sarasa L, Eichenlaub U, Bittner T, Ovod V, Verberk IMW, Toba K, Nakamura A, Bateman RJ, Blennow K, Hansson O. Head-to-Head Comparison of 8 Plasma Amyloid-β 42/40 Assays in Alzheimer Disease. JAMA Neurol 2021; 78:1375-1382. [PMID: 34542571 PMCID: PMC8453354 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.3180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Importance Blood-based tests for brain amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology are needed for widespread implementation of Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarkers in clinical care and to facilitate patient screening and monitoring of treatment responses in clinical trials. Objective To compare the performance of plasma Aβ42/40 measured using 8 different Aβ assays when detecting abnormal brain Aβ status in patients with early AD. Design, Setting, and Participants This study included 182 cognitively unimpaired participants and 104 patients with mild cognitive impairment from the BioFINDER cohort who were enrolled at 3 different hospitals in Sweden and underwent Aβ positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma collection from 2010 to 2014. Plasma Aβ42/40 was measured using an immunoprecipitation-coupled mass spectrometry developed at Washington University (IP-MS-WashU), antibody-free liquid chromatography MS developed by Araclon (LC-MS-Arc), and immunoassays from Roche Diagnostics (IA-Elc); Euroimmun (IA-EI); and Amsterdam University Medical Center, ADx Neurosciences, and Quanterix (IA-N4PE). Plasma Aβ42/40 was also measured using an IP-MS-based method from Shimadzu in 200 participants (IP-MS-Shim) and an IP-MS-based method from the University of Gothenburg (IP-MS-UGOT) and another immunoassay from Quanterix (IA-Quan) among 227 participants. For validation, 122 participants (51 cognitively normal, 51 with mild cognitive impairment, and 20 with AD dementia) were included from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative who underwent Aβ-PET and plasma Aβ assessments using IP-MS-WashU, IP-MS-Shim, IP-MS-UGOT, IA-Elc, IA-N4PE, and IA-Quan assays. Main Outcomes and Measures Discriminative accuracy of plasma Aβ42/40 quantified using 8 different assays for abnormal CSF Aβ42/40 and Aβ-PET status. Results A total of 408 participants were included in this study. In the BioFINDER cohort, the mean (SD) age was 71.6 (5.6) years and 49.3% of the cohort were women. When identifying participants with abnormal CSF Aβ42/40 in the whole cohort, plasma IP-MS-WashU Aβ42/40 showed significantly higher accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.86; 95% CI, 0.81-0.90) than LC-MS-Arc Aβ42/40, IA-Elc Aβ42/40, IA-EI Aβ42/40, and IA-N4PE Aβ42/40 (AUC range, 0.69-0.78; P < .05). Plasma IP-MS-WashU Aβ42/40 performed significantly better than IP-MS-UGOT Aβ42/40 and IA-Quan Aβ42/40 (AUC, 0.84 vs 0.68 and 0.64, respectively; P < .001), while there was no difference in the AUCs between IP-MS-WashU Aβ42/40 and IP-MS-Shim Aβ42/40 (0.87 vs 0.83; P = .16) in the 2 subcohorts where these biomarkers were available. The results were similar when using Aβ-PET as outcome. Plasma IPMS-WashU Aβ42/40 and IPMS-Shim Aβ42/40 showed highest coefficients for correlations with CSF Aβ42/40 (r range, 0.56-0.65). The BioFINDER results were replicated in the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort (mean [SD] age, 72.4 [5.4] years; 43.4% women), where the IP-MS-WashU assay performed significantly better than the IP-MS-UGOT, IA-Elc, IA-N4PE, and IA-Quan assays but not the IP-MS-Shim assay. Conclusions and Relevance The results from 2 independent cohorts indicate that certain MS-based methods performed better than most of the immunoassays for plasma Aβ42/40 when detecting brain Aβ pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorena Janelidze
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom,United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Leticia Sarasa
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Araclon Biotech, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | - Vitaliy Ovod
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Inge M. W. Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kenji Toba
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan,Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinori Nakamura
- Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Randall J. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden,Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden,Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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24
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Pannee J, Shaw LM, Korecka M, Waligorska T, Teunissen CE, Stoops E, Vanderstichele HMJ, Mauroo K, Verberk IMW, Keshavan A, Pesini P, Sarasa L, Pascual‐Lucas M, Fandos N, Allué J, Portelius E, Andreasson U, Yoda R, Nakamura A, Kaneko N, Yang S, Liu H, Palme S, Bittner T, Mawuenyega KG, Ovod V, Bollinger J, Bateman RJ, Li Y, Dage JL, Stomrud E, Hansson O, Schott JM, Blennow K, Zetterberg H. The global Alzheimer's Association round robin study on plasma amyloid β methods. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2021; 13:e12242. [PMID: 34692980 PMCID: PMC8515356 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood-based assays to measure brain amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition are an attractive alternative to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-based assays currently used in clinical settings. In this study, we examined different blood-based assays to measure Aβ and how they compare among centers and assays. METHODS Aliquots from 81 plasma samples were distributed to 10 participating centers. Seven immunological assays and four mass-spectrometric methods were used to measure plasma Aβ concentrations. RESULTS Correlations were weak for Aβ42 while Aβ40 correlations were stronger. The ratio Aβ42/Aβ40 did not improve the correlations and showed weak correlations. DISCUSSION The poor correlations for Aβ42 in plasma might have several potential explanations, such as the high levels of plasma proteins (compared to CSF), sensitivity to pre-analytical sample handling and specificity, and cross-reactivity of different antibodies. Different methods might also measure different pools of plasma Aβ42. We, however, hypothesize that greater correlations might be seen in future studies because many of the methods have been refined during completion of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Pannee
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LabSahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Leslie M. Shaw
- Perelman School of MedicineDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Magdalena Korecka
- Perelman School of MedicineDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Teresa Waligorska
- Perelman School of MedicineDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Inge M. W. Verberk
- Neurochemistry LaboratoryDepartment of Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Ashvini Keshavan
- Dementia Research CentreUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Erik Portelius
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LabSahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Ulf Andreasson
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LabSahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Ritsuko Yoda
- Koichi Tanaka Mass Spectrometry Research LaboratoryShimadzu CorporationKyotoJapan
| | - Akinori Nakamura
- Department of Biomarker ResearchNational Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObuAichiJapan
| | - Naoki Kaneko
- Koichi Tanaka Mass Spectrometry Research LaboratoryShimadzu CorporationKyotoJapan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kwasi G. Mawuenyega
- Department of NeurologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Vitaliy Ovod
- Department of NeurologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - James Bollinger
- Department of NeurologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Randall J. Bateman
- Department of NeurologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of NeurologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | | | - Erik Stomrud
- Clinical Memory Research UnitFaculty of MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden
- Memory ClinicSkåne University HospitalMalmöSweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research UnitFaculty of MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden
- Memory ClinicSkåne University HospitalMalmöSweden
| | | | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LabSahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyThe Sahlgrenska Academy, University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LabSahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteLondonUK
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25
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van den Bosch KA, Verberk IMW, Ebenau JL, van der Lee SJ, Jansen IE, Prins ND, Scheltens P, Teunissen CE, Van der Flier WM. BDNF-Met polymorphism and amyloid-beta in relation to cognitive decline in cognitively normal elderly: the SCIENCe project. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 108:146-154. [PMID: 34601245 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) plays a role in synapse integrity. We investigated in 398 cognitively normal adults (60±8years, 41% female, MMSE=28±1) the joint association of the Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene (Met+/-) and plasma BDNF levels and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-beta status (A+/-) with cognitive decline and dementia risk. Age-, sex- and education-adjusted linear mixed models showed that compared to Met-A-, Met+A+ showed steeper decline on tests of global cognition, memory, language, attention and executive functioning, while Met-A+ showed steeper decline on a smaller number of tests. There were no associations between Met+A- and cognitive decline. Cox models showed that compared to Met-A-, Met+A+ participants were at increased risk of dementia (HR=8.8, 95%CI: 2.8-27.9), as were Met-A+ participants (HR=6.5, 95%CI: 2.2-19.5). Lower plasma BDNF was associated with an increased risk of progression to dementia in the A+ participants. Our results imply that Met-carriage on top of amyloid-beta pathology might increase rate of cognitive decline to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn A van den Bosch
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jarith L Ebenau
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris E Jansen
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels D Prins
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Brain Research Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M Van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth H Thijssen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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27
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Verberk IMW, Koel-Simmelink M, Twaalfhoven H, Vrenken H, Korth C, Killestein J, Teunissen CE, Bridel C. Ultrasensitive immunoassay allows measurement of serum neurofilament heavy in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 50:102840. [PMID: 33626430 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofilament heavy (NfH) is a promising biomarker for neuro-axonal damage in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). We compared the performance of high-sensitivity serum-NfH immunoassays, with as aim to investigate the value of serum-NfH as biomarker for MS. METHODS We measured serum-NfH in 76 MS patients with Simoa (one commercial, one in-house) or Luminex assays. Serum-NfH measured by the immunoassay with greatest sensitivity was related to clinical and radiological outcomes with age and sex-adjusted linear regression analysis, and to biological outcomes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-NfH, serum neurofilament light (NfL) and CSF-NfL with Spearman's correlation analysis. RESULTS With the commercial Simoa assay, we obtained 100% serum-NfH detectability (in-house Simoa: 70%, Luminex: 61%), with lowest coefficient of variation (CV) between duplicates of 11%CV (in-house Simoa: 22%CV, Luminex: 30%CV). Serum-NfH quantified with the commercial Simoa assay was associated with disease duration (standardized beta (sβ) = 0.28, p = 0.034), T2 lesion volume (sβ = 0.23, p = 0.041), and tended to associate with black hole count (sβ = 0.21, p = 0.084) but not with Expanded Disease Disability Score (EDSS) or normalized brain volume (all: p>0.10). Furthermore, serum-NfH showed correlations with CSF-NfH (rho = 0.27, p = 0.018) and serum-NfL (rho=0.44, p < 0.001), but not with CSF-NfL. CONCLUSIONS Serum-NfH can be quantified with high-sensitivity technology. Cross-sectionally, we observed some weak correlations of serum-NfH with MS disease burden parameters, suggesting there might be some utility for serum-NfH as biomarker for MS disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marleen Koel-Simmelink
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Twaalfhoven
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo Vrenken
- Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten Korth
- Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joep Killestein
- Multiple Sclerosis center Amsterdam, Department of neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Bridel
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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Verberk IMW, Laarhuis MB, van den Bosch KA, Ebenau JL, van Leeuwenstijn M, Prins ND, Scheltens P, Teunissen CE, van der Flier WM. Serum markers glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light for prognosis and monitoring in cognitively normal older people: a prospective memory clinic-based cohort study. The Lancet Healthy Longevity 2021; 2:e87-e95. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(20)30061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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29
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Chatterjee P, Pedrini S, Stoops E, Goozee K, Villemagne VL, Asih PR, Verberk IMW, Dave P, Taddei K, Sohrabi HR, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Teunissen CE, Vanderstichele HM, Martins RN. Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein is elevated in cognitively normal older adults at risk of Alzheimer's disease. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:27. [PMID: 33431793 PMCID: PMC7801513 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), an astrocytic cytoskeletal protein, can be measured in blood samples, and has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, plasma GFAP has not been investigated in cognitively normal older adults at risk of AD, based on brain amyloid-β (Aβ) load. Cross-sectional analyses were carried out for plasma GFAP and plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio, a blood-based marker associated with brain Aβ load, in participants (65-90 years) categorised into low (Aβ-, n = 63) and high (Aβ+, n = 33) brain Aβ load groups via Aβ positron emission tomography. Plasma GFAP, Aβ1-42, and Aβ1-40 were measured using the Single molecule array (Simoa) platform. Plasma GFAP levels were significantly higher (p < 0.00001), and plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratios were significantly lower (p < 0.005), in Aβ+ participants compared to Aβ- participants, adjusted for covariates age, sex, and apolipoprotein E-ε4 carriage. A receiver operating characteristic curve based on a logistic regression of the same covariates, the base model, distinguished Aβ+ from Aβ- (area under the curve, AUC = 0.78), but was outperformed when plasma GFAP was added to the base model (AUC = 0.91) and further improved with plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio (AUC = 0.92). The current findings demonstrate that plasma GFAP levels are elevated in cognitively normal older adults at risk of AD. These observations suggest that astrocytic damage or activation begins from the pre-symptomatic stage of AD and is associated with brain Aβ load. Observations from the present study highlight the potential of plasma GFAP to contribute to a diagnostic blood biomarker panel (along with plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratios) for cognitively normal older adults at risk of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratishtha Chatterjee
- grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW Australia ,grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | - Steve Pedrini
- grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia
| | | | - Kathryn Goozee
- grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW Australia ,grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia ,grid.489025.2KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases, Macquarie Park, NSW Australia ,Anglicare, Castle Hill Sydney, NSW Australia ,grid.1012.20000 0004 1936 7910School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA Australia ,The Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton South, Australia
| | - Victor L. Villemagne
- grid.410678.cDepartment of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Prita R. Asih
- grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW Australia
| | - Inge M. W. Verberk
- grid.484519.5Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Preeti Dave
- grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW Australia ,Anglicare, Castle Hill Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Kevin Taddei
- grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia ,grid.429545.b0000 0004 5905 2729Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Nedlands, WA Australia
| | - Hamid R. Sohrabi
- grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW Australia ,grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia ,grid.429545.b0000 0004 5905 2729Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Nedlands, WA Australia ,grid.1025.60000 0004 0436 6763Centre for Healthy Ageing, School of Psychology and Exercise Science, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA Australia
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden ,grid.1649.a000000009445082XClinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom ,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden ,grid.1649.a000000009445082XClinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- grid.484519.5Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Ralph N. Martins
- grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW Australia ,grid.1038.a0000 0004 0389 4302School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA Australia ,grid.489025.2KaRa Institute of Neurological Diseases, Macquarie Park, NSW Australia ,grid.1012.20000 0004 1936 7910School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA Australia ,The Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton South, Australia ,grid.429545.b0000 0004 5905 2729Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Nedlands, WA Australia
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Stockmann J, Verberk IMW, Timmesfeld N, Denz R, Budde B, Lange-Leifhelm J, Scheltens P, van der Flier WM, Nabers A, Teunissen CE, Gerwert K. Amyloid-β misfolding as a plasma biomarker indicates risk for future clinical Alzheimer's disease in individuals with subjective cognitive decline. Alzheimers Res Ther 2020; 12:169. [PMID: 33357241 PMCID: PMC7761044 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background We evaluated Aβ misfolding in combination with Aβ42/40 ratio as a prognostic tool for future clinical progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Methods Baseline plasma samples (n = 203) from SCD subjects in the SCIENCe project and Amsterdam Dementia Cohort (age 61 ± 9 years; 57% male, mean follow-up time 2.7 years) were analyzed using immuno-infrared-sensor technology. Within 6 years of follow-up, 22 (11%) individuals progressed to MCI or dementia due to AD. Sensor readout values > 1646 cm− 1 reflected normal Aβ folding; readouts at ≤ 1646 cm− 1 reflected low and at < 1644 cm− 1 high misfolding. We used Cox proportional hazard models to quantify Aβ misfolding as a prognostic biomarker for progression to MCI and dementia due to AD. The accuracy of the predicted development of MCI/AD was determined by time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (t-ROC) curve analyses that take individual follow-up and conversion times into account. Statistical models were adjusted for age, sex, and APOEε4 status. Additionally, plasma Aβ42/40 data measured by SIMOA were statistically analyzed and compared. Results All 22 patients who converted to MCI or AD-dementia within 6 years exhibited Aβ misfolding at baseline. Cox analyses revealed a hazard ratio (HR) of 19 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2–157.8) for future conversion of SCD subjects with high misfolding and of 11 (95% CI 1.0–110.1) for those with low misfolding. T-ROC curve analyses yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 (95% CI 0.86–1.00; 6-year follow-up) for Aβ misfolding in an age, sex, and APOEε4 model. A similar model with plasma Aβ42/40 ratio yielded an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.82–1.00). The AUC increased to 0.99 (95% CI, 0.99–1.00) after inclusion of both Aβ misfolding and the Aβ42/40 ratio. Conclusions A panel of structure- and concentration-based plasma amyloid biomarkers may predict conversion to clinical MCI and dementia due to AD in cognitively unimpaired subjects. These plasma biomarkers provide a noninvasive and cost-effective alternative for screening early AD pathological changes. Follow-up studies and external validation in larger cohorts are in progress for further validation of our findings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-020-00738-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Stockmann
- Competence Center for Biospectroscopy, Center for Protein Diagnostics (PRODI), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Biophysics, Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Bochum, Germany
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Timmesfeld
- Ruhr University Bochum, Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Bochum, Germany
| | - Robin Denz
- Ruhr University Bochum, Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Bochum, Germany
| | - Brian Budde
- Competence Center for Biospectroscopy, Center for Protein Diagnostics (PRODI), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Biophysics, Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia Lange-Leifhelm
- Competence Center for Biospectroscopy, Center for Protein Diagnostics (PRODI), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Biophysics, Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Bochum, Germany
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Nabers
- Competence Center for Biospectroscopy, Center for Protein Diagnostics (PRODI), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Biophysics, Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Bochum, Germany
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Gerwert
- Competence Center for Biospectroscopy, Center for Protein Diagnostics (PRODI), Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. .,Department of Biophysics, Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Bochum, Germany.
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31
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De Meyer S, Schaeverbeke JM, Verberk IMW, Gille B, De Schaepdryver M, Luckett ES, Gabel S, Bruffaerts R, Mauroo K, Thijssen EH, Stoops E, Vanderstichele HM, Teunissen CE, Vandenberghe R, Poesen K. Comparison of ELISA- and SIMOA-based quantification of plasma Aβ ratios for early detection of cerebral amyloidosis. Alzheimers Res Ther 2020; 12:162. [PMID: 33278904 PMCID: PMC7719262 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-based amyloid biomarkers may provide a non-invasive, cost-effective and scalable manner for detecting cerebral amyloidosis in early disease stages. METHODS In this prospective cross-sectional study, we quantified plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratios with both routinely available ELISAs and novel SIMOA Amyblood assays, and provided a head-to-head comparison of their performances to detect cerebral amyloidosis in a nondemented elderly cohort (n = 199). Participants were stratified according to amyloid-PET status, and the performance of plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 to detect cerebral amyloidosis was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis. We additionally investigated the correlations of plasma Aβ ratios with amyloid-PET and CSF Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, as well as platform agreement using Passing-Bablok regression and Bland-Altman analysis for both Aβ isoforms. RESULTS ELISA and SIMOA plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 detected cerebral amyloidosis with identical accuracy (ELISA: area under curve (AUC) 0.78, 95% CI 0.72-0.84; SIMOA: AUC 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.85), and both increased the performance of a basic demographic model including only age and APOE-ε4 genotype (p ≤ 0.02). ELISA and SIMOA had positive predictive values of respectively 41% and 36% in cognitively normal elderly and negative predictive values all exceeding 88%. Plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 correlated similarly with amyloid-PET for both platforms (Spearman ρ = - 0.32, p < 0.0001), yet correlations with CSF Aβ1-42/t-tau were stronger for ELISA (ρ = 0.41, p = 0.002) than for SIMOA (ρ = 0.29, p = 0.03). Plasma Aβ levels demonstrated poor agreement between ELISA and SIMOA with concentrations of both Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 measured by SIMOA consistently underestimating those measured by ELISA. CONCLUSIONS ELISA and SIMOA demonstrated equivalent performances in detecting cerebral amyloidosis through plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40, both with high negative predictive values, making them equally suitable non-invasive prescreening tools for clinical trials by reducing the number of necessary PET scans for clinical trial recruitment. TRIAL REGISTRATION EudraCT 2009-014475-45 (registered on 23 Sept 2009) and EudraCT 2013-004671-12 (registered on 20 May 2014, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2013-004671-12/BE ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffi De Meyer
- Laboratory for Molecular Neurobiomarker Research, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, box 7003, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory Medicine, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien M Schaeverbeke
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Gille
- Laboratory for Molecular Neurobiomarker Research, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, box 7003, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maxim De Schaepdryver
- Laboratory for Molecular Neurobiomarker Research, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, box 7003, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emma S Luckett
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Silvy Gabel
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rose Bruffaerts
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Department, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Elisabeth H Thijssen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Department, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Poesen
- Laboratory for Molecular Neurobiomarker Research, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, box 7003, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory Medicine, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Bridel C, Verberk IMW, Heijst JJA, Killestein J, Teunissen CE. Variations in consecutive serum neurofilament light levels in healthy controls and multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 47:102666. [PMID: 33291033 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Neurofilament light is a neuronal protein detectable in serum (sNfL), with high potential as disease activity biomarker in multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, little is known about sNfL fluctuations between 2 consecutive measurements in healthy controls (HC) and MS patients. Yet this information is critical, as it will help define a clinically significant variation. Methods sNfL was measured at 2 consecutive time points in a cohort of 90 MS patients (untreated relapsing remitting MS (uRRMS), n=35; treated relapsing remitting MS (tRRMS), n= 21; secondary progressive MS, SPMS, n=21; primary progressive MS, PPMS, n=13), and 90 age-matched HC, using the Simoa NfL light® assay. Results Mean sNfL was elevated in all MS subtypes compared to HC (p<0.0001), and positively associated with age in HC (r=0.70, p<0.001), confirming previous reports. Mean sNfL was higher at follow-up compared to baseline in HC (p<0.001), and lower in uRRMS(p=0.036) and tRRMS (p=0.008). At follow-up, a similar proportion of HC (50.0%), untreated RRMS (51.4%), treated RRMS (33.3%), SPMS (45.0%) and PPMS (46.2%) had variations in sNfL levels exceeding 20% of baseline levels. Conclusions Our data suggest variations in sNfL occur both in HC and MS populations to a similar extent and magnitude. Variations between two consecutive sNfL measurements may reflect natural variations and not necessarily variations in inflammatory disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bridel
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - I M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J J A Heijst
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Killestein
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center, University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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33
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Verberk IMW, Thijssen E, Koelewijn J, Mauroo K, Vanbrabant J, de Wilde A, Zwan MD, Verfaillie SCJ, Ossenkoppele R, Barkhof F, van Berckel BNM, Scheltens P, van der Flier WM, Stoops E, Vanderstichele HM, Teunissen CE. Combination of plasma amyloid beta (1-42/1-40) and glial fibrillary acidic protein strongly associates with cerebral amyloid pathology. Alzheimers Res Ther 2020; 12:118. [PMID: 32988409 PMCID: PMC7523295 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00682-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) might facilitate identification of participants for clinical trials targeting amyloid beta (Abeta) accumulation, and aid in AD diagnostics. We examined the potential of plasma markers Abeta(1-42/1-40), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light (NfL) to identify cerebral amyloidosis and/or disease severity. METHODS We included individuals with a positive (n = 176: 63 ± 7 years, 87 (49%) females) or negative (n = 76: 61 ± 9 years, 27 (36%) females) amyloid PET status, with syndrome diagnosis subjective cognitive decline (18 PET+, 25 PET-), mild cognitive impairment (26 PET+, 24 PET-), or AD-dementia (132 PET+). Plasma Abeta(1-42/1-40), GFAP, and NfL were measured by Simoa. We applied two-way ANOVA adjusted for age and sex to investigate the associations of the plasma markers with amyloid PET status and syndrome diagnosis; logistic regression analysis with Wald's backward selection to identify an optimal panel that identifies amyloid PET positivity; age, sex, and education-adjusted linear regression analysis to investigate associations between the plasma markers and neuropsychological test performance; and Spearman's correlation analysis to investigate associations between the plasma markers and medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA). RESULTS Abeta(1-42/1-40) and GFAP independently associated with amyloid PET status (p = 0.009 and p < 0.001 respectively), and GFAP and NfL independently associated with syndrome diagnosis (p = 0.001 and p = 0.048 respectively). The optimal panel identifying a positive amyloid status included Abeta(1-42/1-40) and GFAP, alongside age and APOE (AUC = 88% (95% CI 83-93%), 82% sensitivity, 86% specificity), while excluding NfL and sex. GFAP and NfL robustly associated with cognitive performance on global cognition and all major cognitive domains (GFAP: range standardized β (sβ) = - 0.40 to - 0.26; NfL: range sβ = - 0.35 to - 0.18; all: p < 0.002), whereas Abeta(1-42/1-40) associated with global cognition, memory, attention, and executive functioning (range sβ = 0.22 - 0.11; all: p < 0.05) but not language. GFAP and NfL showed moderate positive correlations with MTA (both: Spearman's rho> 0.33, p < 0.001). Abeta(1-42/1-40) showed a moderate negative correlation with MTA (Spearman's rho = - 0.24, p = 0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Combination of plasma Abeta(1-42/1-40) and GFAP provides a valuable tool for the identification of amyloid PET status. Furthermore, plasma GFAP and NfL associate with various disease severity measures suggesting potential for disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Elisabeth Thijssen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jannet Koelewijn
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Arno de Wilde
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marissa D Zwan
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander C J Verfaillie
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, London, UK
| | - Bart N M van Berckel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hakkers CS, Hermans AM, van Maarseveen EM, Teunissen CE, Verberk IMW, Arends JE, Hoepelman AIM. High efavirenz levels but not neurofilament light plasma levels are associated with poor neurocognitive functioning in asymptomatic HIV patients. J Neurovirol 2020; 26:572-580. [PMID: 32524424 PMCID: PMC7438296 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-020-00860-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of efavirenz exposure on neurocognitive functioning and investigate plasma neurofilament light (Nfl) as a biomarker for neurocognitive damage. Sub-analysis of the ESCAPE-study, a randomised controlled trial where virologically suppressed, cognitively asymptomatic HIV patients were randomised (2:1) to switch to rilpivirine or continue on efavirenz. At baseline and week 12, patients underwent an extensive neuropsychological assessment (NPA), and serum efavirenz concentration and plasma Nfl levels were measured. Subgroups of elevated (≥ 4.0 mg/L) and therapeutic (0.74 to< 4.0 mg/L) baseline efavirenz concentration were made. Differences between these groups in baseline NPA Z-scores and in delta scores after efavirenz discontinuation were assessed. Nfl level was measured using an ELISA analysis using single molecule array (Simoa) technology. Correlation of plasma NFL with NPA Z-scores was evaluated using a linear mixed model. The elevated group consisted of 6 patients and the therapeutic group of 48. At baseline, the elevated group showed lower composite Z-scores (median - 1.03; IQR 0.87 versus 0.27; 0.79. p 0.02). This effect was also seen on the subdomains verbal (p 0.01), executive functioning (p 0.02), attention (p < 0.01) and speed (p 0.01). In the switch group, the elevated group improved more on composite scores after discontinuing efavirenz (mean 0.58; SD 0.32 versus 0.22; 0.54, p 0.15). No association between plasma Nfl and composite Z-score was found. High efavirenz exposure is associated with worse cognitive functioning compared with patients with therapeutic concentrations. Plasma Nfl is not a suitable biomarker to measure cognitive damage in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte S Hakkers
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Anne Marie Hermans
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erik M van Maarseveen
- Division of Laboratory and Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience Neurochemistry laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience Neurochemistry laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joop E Arends
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Andy I M Hoepelman
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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35
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Ebenau JL, Timmers T, Wesselman LMP, Verberk IMW, Verfaillie SCJ, Slot RER, van Harten AC, Teunissen CE, Barkhof F, van den Bosch KA, van Leeuwenstijn M, Tomassen J, Braber AD, Visser PJ, Prins ND, Sikkes SAM, Scheltens P, van Berckel BNM, van der Flier WM. ATN classification and clinical progression in subjective cognitive decline: The SCIENCe project. Neurology 2020; 95:e46-e58. [PMID: 32522798 PMCID: PMC7371376 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the relationship between the ATN classification system (amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration) and risk of dementia and cognitive decline in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Methods We classified 693 participants with SCD (60 ± 9 years, 41% women, Mini-Mental State Examination score 28 ± 2) from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort and Subjective Cognitive Impairment Cohort (SCIENCe) project according to the ATN model, as determined by amyloid PET or CSF β-amyloid (A), CSF p-tau (T), and MRI-based medial temporal lobe atrophy (N). All underwent extensive neuropsychological assessment. For 342 participants, follow-up was available (3 ± 2 years). As a control population, we included 124 participants without SCD. Results Fifty-six (n = 385) participants had normal Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarkers (A–T–N–), 27% (n = 186) had non-AD pathologic change (A–T–N+, A–T+N–, A–T+N+), 18% (n = 122) fell within the Alzheimer continuum (A+T–N–, A+T–N+, A+T+N–, A+T+N+). ATN profiles were unevenly distributed, with A–T+N+, A+T–N+, and A+T+N+ containing very few participants. Cox regression showed that compared to A–T–N–, participants in A+ profiles had a higher risk of dementia with a dose–response pattern for number of biomarkers affected. Linear mixed models showed participants in A+ profiles showed a steeper decline on tests addressing memory, attention, language, and executive functions. In the control group, there was no association between ATN and cognition. Conclusions Among individuals presenting with SCD at a memory clinic, those with a biomarker profile A–T+N+, A+T–N–, A+T+N–, and A+T+N+ were at increased risk of dementia, and showed steeper cognitive decline compared to A–T–N– individuals. These results suggest a future where biomarker results could be used for individualized risk profiling in cognitively normal individuals presenting at a memory clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarith L Ebenau
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden.
| | - Tessa Timmers
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Linda M P Wesselman
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Sander C J Verfaillie
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Rosalinde E R Slot
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Argonde C van Harten
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karlijn A van den Bosch
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mardou van Leeuwenstijn
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jori Tomassen
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Anouk den Braber
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Pieter Jelle Visser
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Niels D Prins
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Sietske A M Sikkes
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Philip Scheltens
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Bart N M van Berckel
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- From the Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology (J.L.E., T.T., L.M.P.W., I.M.W.V., R.E.R.S., A.C.v.H., K.A.v.d.B., M.v.L., J.T., A.d.B., P.J.V., N.D.P., S.A.M.S., P.S., B.N.M.v.B., W.M.v.d.F.), and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (S.C.J.V., F.B., B.N.v.B.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry (I.M.W.V., C.E.T.), and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (W.M.v.d.F.), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; UCL Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), London, UK; Department of Biological Psychology (A.d.B.), Neuroscience Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam; Alzheimer Center Limburg (P.J.V.), School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; and Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (P.J.V.), Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Sweden
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Verberk IMW, Hendriksen HMA, van Harten AC, Wesselman LMP, Verfaillie SCJ, van den Bosch KA, Slot RER, Prins ND, Scheltens P, Teunissen CE, Van der Flier WM. Plasma amyloid is associated with the rate of cognitive decline in cognitively normal elderly: the SCIENCe project. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 89:99-107. [PMID: 32081465 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plasma biomarkers are promising prognostic tools in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). We aimed to investigate the relationships of baseline plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40 and total Tau (tTau) with rate of cognitive decline, in comparison to relationships of baseline cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42, tTau, and phosphorylated tau181 (pTau181) with rate of cognitive decline. We included 241 subjects with SCD (age = 61 ± 9, 40% female, Mini-Mental State Examination = 28 ± 2) with follow-up (average: 2 ± 2 years, median visits: 3 [range: 1-11]) for re-evaluation of neuropsychological test performance (attention, memory, language, and executive functioning domains). Using age, gender and education-adjusted linear mixed models, we found that lower plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 was associated with steeper rate of decline on tests for attention, memory, and executive functioning, but not language. Lower CSF Aβ42 was associated with steeper decline on tests covering all domains. Associations for plasma amyloid and cognitive decline mirror those of CSF amyloid. Plasma tTau was not associated with rate of cognitive decline, whereas CSF tTau and pTau181 were on multiple tests covering all domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge M W Verberk
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Heleen M A Hendriksen
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Argonde C van Harten
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Linda M P Wesselman
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sander C J Verfaillie
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karlijn A van den Bosch
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde E R Slot
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Niels D Prins
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M Van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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van der Ende EL, Meeter LH, Poos JM, Panman JL, Jiskoot LC, Dopper EGP, Papma JM, de Jong FJ, Verberk IMW, Teunissen C, Rizopoulos D, Heller C, Convery RS, Moore KM, Bocchetta M, Neason M, Cash DM, Borroni B, Galimberti D, Sanchez-Valle R, Laforce R, Moreno F, Synofzik M, Graff C, Masellis M, Carmela Tartaglia M, Rowe JB, Vandenberghe R, Finger E, Tagliavini F, de Mendonça A, Santana I, Butler C, Ducharme S, Gerhard A, Danek A, Levin J, Otto M, Frisoni GB, Cappa S, Pijnenburg YAL, Rohrer JD, van Swieten JC, Warren JD, Fox NC, Woollacott IO, Shafei R, Greaves C, Guerreiro R, Bras J, Thomas DL, Nicholas J, Mead S, van Minkelen R, Barandiaran M, Indakoetxea B, Gabilondo A, Tainta M, de Arriba M, Gorostidi A, Zulaica M, Villanua J, Diaz Z, Borrego-Ecija S, Olives J, Lladó A, Balasa M, Antonell A, Bargallo N, Premi E, Cosseddu M, Gazzina S, Padovani A, Gasparotti R, Archetti S, Black S, Mitchell S, Rogaeva E, Freedman M, Keren R, Tang-Wai D, Öijerstedt L, Andersson C, Jelic V, Thonberg H, Arighi A, Fenoglio C, Scarpini E, Fumagalli G, Cope T, Timberlake C, Rittman T, Shoesmith C, Bartha R, Rademakers R, Wilke C, Karnath HO, Bender B, Bruffaerts R, Vandamme P, Vandenbulcke M, Ferreira CB, Miltenberger G, Maruta C, Verdelho A, Afonso S, Taipa R, Caroppo P, Di Fede G, Giaccone G, Prioni S, Redaelli V, Rossi G, Tiraboschi P, Duro D, Rosario Almeida M, Castelo-Branco M, João Leitão M, Tabuas-Pereira M, Santiago B, Gauthier S, Schonecker S, Semler E, Anderl-Straub S, Benussi L, Binetti G, Ghidoni R, Pievani M, Lombardi G, Nacmias B, Ferrari C, Bessi V. Serum neurofilament light chain in genetic frontotemporal dementia: a longitudinal, multicentre cohort study. Lancet Neurol 2019; 18:1103-1111. [PMID: 31701893 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(19)30354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising blood biomarker in genetic frontotemporal dementia, with elevated concentrations in symptomatic carriers of mutations in GRN, C9orf72, and MAPT. A better understanding of NfL dynamics is essential for upcoming therapeutic trials. We aimed to study longitudinal NfL trajectories in people with presymptomatic and symptomatic genetic frontotemporal dementia. METHODS We recruited participants from 14 centres collaborating in the Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia Initiative (GENFI), which is a multicentre cohort study of families with genetic frontotemporal dementia done across Europe and Canada. Eligible participants (aged ≥18 years) either had frontotemporal dementia due to a pathogenic mutation in GRN, C9orf72, or MAPT (symptomatic mutation carriers) or were healthy at-risk first-degree relatives (either presymptomatic mutation carriers or non-carriers), and had at least two serum samples with a time interval of 6 months or more. Participants were excluded if they had neurological comorbidities that were likely to affect NfL, including cerebrovascular events. We measured NfL longitudinally in serum samples collected between June 8, 2012, and Dec 8, 2017, through follow-up visits annually or every 2 years, which also included MRI and neuropsychological assessments. Using mixed-effects models, we analysed NfL changes over time and correlated them with longitudinal imaging and clinical parameters, controlling for age, sex, and study site. The primary outcome was the course of NfL over time in the various stages of genetic frontotemporal dementia. FINDINGS We included 59 symptomatic carriers and 149 presymptomatic carriers of a mutation in GRN, C9orf72, or MAPT, and 127 non-carriers. Nine presymptomatic carriers became symptomatic during follow-up (so-called converters). Baseline NfL was elevated in symptomatic carriers (median 52 pg/mL [IQR 24-69]) compared with presymptomatic carriers (9 pg/mL [6-13]; p<0·0001) and non-carriers (8 pg/mL [6-11]; p<0·0001), and was higher in converters than in non-converting carriers (19 pg/mL [17-28] vs 8 pg/mL [6-11]; p=0·0007; adjusted for age). During follow-up, NfL increased in converters (b=0·097 [SE 0·018]; p<0·0001). In symptomatic mutation carriers overall, NfL did not change during follow-up (b=0·017 [SE 0·010]; p=0·101) and remained elevated. Rates of NfL change over time were associated with rate of decline in Mini Mental State Examination (b=-94·7 [SE 33·9]; p=0·003) and atrophy rate in several grey matter regions, but not with change in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration-Clinical Dementia Rating scale score (b=-3·46 [SE 46·3]; p=0·941). INTERPRETATION Our findings show the value of blood NfL as a disease progression biomarker in genetic frontotemporal dementia and suggest that longitudinal NfL measurements could identify mutation carriers approaching symptom onset and capture rates of brain atrophy. The characterisation of NfL over the course of disease provides valuable information for its use as a treatment effect marker. FUNDING ZonMw and the Bluefield project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L van der Ende
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lieke H Meeter
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jackie M Poos
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jessica L Panman
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lize C Jiskoot
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Elise G P Dopper
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Janne M Papma
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frank Jan de Jong
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dimitris Rizopoulos
- Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carolin Heller
- Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Rhian S Convery
- Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Katrina M Moore
- Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Martina Bocchetta
- Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Mollie Neason
- Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - David M Cash
- Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Centro Dino Ferrari, Milan, Italy
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Valle
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Fermin Moreno
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Caroline Graff
- Karolinska Institutet, Dept NVS, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Hereditary Dementia, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Maria Carmela Tartaglia
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James B Rowe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth Finger
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Isabel Santana
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Chris Butler
- Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Ducharme
- Montreal Neurological Institute and McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alex Gerhard
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adrian Danek
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Giovanni B Frisoni
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Cappa
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Yolande A L Pijnenburg
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam and Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan D Rohrer
- Dementia Research Institute, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John C van Swieten
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
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Oosterveld LP, Verberk IMW, Majbour NK, El-Agnaf OM, Weinstein HC, Berendse HW, Teunissen CE, van de Berg WDJ. CSF or serum neurofilament light added to α-Synuclein panel discriminates Parkinson's from controls. Mov Disord 2019; 35:288-295. [PMID: 31737952 PMCID: PMC7027879 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofilament light chain is a marker of axonal damage and is of interest as a biofluid biomarker for PD. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CSF or serum neurofilament contributes to a combination of CSF biomarkers in defining the optimal biomarker panel for discriminating PD patients from healthy controls. In addition, we aimed to assess whether CSF and/or serum neurofilament levels are associated with clinical measures of disease severity. METHODS We measured neurofilament light chain levels in CSF and/or serum of 139 PD patients and 52 age-matched healthy controls. We used stepwise logistic regression analyses to test whether neurofilament contributes to a biomarker CSF panel including total, oligomeric, and phosphorylated α-synuclein and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. Measures of disease severity included disease duration, UPDRS-III, Hoehn & Yahr stage, and MMSE. RESULTS After correcting for age, CSF neurofilament levels were 42% higher in PD patients compared with controls (P < 0.01), whereas serum neurofilament levels were 37% higher (P = 0.08). Combining CSF neurofilament, phosphorylated-/total α-synuclein, and oligomeric-/total α-synuclein yielded the best-fitting model for discriminating PD patients from controls (area under the curve 0.92). The discriminatory potential of serum neurofilament in the CSF biomarker panel was similar (area under the curve 0.90). Higher serum neurofilament was associated with a lower MMSE score. There were no other associations between CSF and/or serum neurofilament levels and clinical disease severity. CONCLUSIONS CSF neurofilament contributes to a panel of CSF α-synuclein species in differentiating PD patients from healthy controls. Serum neurofilament may have added value to a biofluid biomarker panel for differentiating PD patients from controls. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda P Oosterveld
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Section Clinical Anatomy and Biobanking, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nour K Majbour
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Omar M El-Agnaf
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Henry C Weinstein
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk W Berendse
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wilma D J van de Berg
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Section Clinical Anatomy and Biobanking, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Verberk IMW, Teunissen CE, Van der Flier WM. Reply to “Usefulness of Plasma Amyloid as Prescreener of the Earliest Alzheimer Pathological Changes Depends on the Study Population”. Ann Neurol 2019; 87:155. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.25633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inge M. W. Verberk
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of NeurologyAmsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical ChemistryAmsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Wiesje. M. Van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of NeurologyAmsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands
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Loonstra FC, Verberk IMW, Wijburg MT, Wattjes MP, Teunissen CE, van Oosten BW, Uitdehaag BMJ, Killestein J, van Kempen ZLE. Serum neurofilaments as candidate biomarkers of natalizumab associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 2019; 86:322-324. [PMID: 31192473 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Floor C Loonstra
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn T Wijburg
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mike P Wattjes
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bob W van Oosten
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bernard M J Uitdehaag
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joep Killestein
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zoé L E van Kempen
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Gravesteijn G, Rutten JW, Verberk IMW, Böhringer S, Liem MK, van der Grond J, Aartsma-Rus A, Teunissen CE, Lesnik Oberstein SAJ. Serum Neurofilament light correlates with CADASIL disease severity and survival. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2018; 6:46-56. [PMID: 30656183 PMCID: PMC6331956 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To validate whether serum Neurofilament Light‐chain (NfL) levels correlate with disease severity in CADASIL, and to determine whether serum NfL predicts disease progression and survival. Methods Fourty‐one (pre‐) manifest individuals with CADASIL causing NOTCH3 mutations and 22 healthy controls were recruited from CADASIL families. At baseline, MRI‐lesion load and clinical severity was determined and serum was stored. Disease progression was measured in 30/41 patients at 7‐year follow‐up, and survival of all individuals was determined at 17‐year follow‐up. Serum NfL levels were quantified using an ultra‐sensitive molecule array. Generalized estimated equation regression (GEE) was used to analyze association between serum NfL, MRI‐lesion load, disease severity, and disease progression. With GEE‐based Cox regression, survival was analyzed. Results At baseline, serum NfL levels correlated with MRI‐lesion load [lacune count (s = 0.64, P = 0.002), brain atrophy (r = −0.50, P = 0.001), and microbleed count (s = 0.48, P = 0.044)], cognition [CAMCOG (s = −0.45, P = 0.010), MMSE (r = −0.61, P = 0.003), GIT (r = −0.61, P < 0.001), TMT‐A (r = 0.70, P < 0.001)) and disability (mRS (r = 0.70, P = 0.002)]. Baseline serum NfL predicted 7‐year changes in disability (B = 0.34, P < 0.001) and cognition (CAMCOG B = −4.94, P = 0.032), as well as 17‐year survival. Higher NfL levels were associated with increased mortality (HR=1.8 per twofold increase in NfL levels, P = 0.006). Interpretation Serum NfL levels correlate with disease severity, disease progression and 17‐year survival in CADASIL patients. Serum NfL is a promising biomarker to monitor and predict disease course in CADASIL, as well as potentially assessing therapeutic response in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gido Gravesteijn
- Department of Clinical Genetics Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Julie W Rutten
- Department of Clinical Genetics Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Neurochemistry lab and Biobank Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam Neuroscience VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Böhringer
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Michael K Liem
- Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands.,Department of Radiology Lange Land Ziekenhuis Zoetermeer the Netherlands
| | | | - Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
- Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry lab and Biobank Department of Clinical Chemistry Amsterdam Neuroscience VU University Medical Center Amsterdam the Netherlands
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Verberk IMW, Slot RE, Verfaillie SCJ, Heijst H, Prins ND, van Berckel BNM, Scheltens P, Teunissen CE, van der Flier WM. Plasma Amyloid as Prescreener for the Earliest Alzheimer Pathological Changes. Ann Neurol 2018; 84:648-658. [PMID: 30196548 PMCID: PMC6282982 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective We investigated the association of plasma amyloid beta (Abeta)40, Abeta42, and total tau (tTau) with the presence of Alzheimer pathological changes in cognitively normal individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Methods We included 248 subjects with SCD (61 ± 9 years, 42% female, Mini‐Mental State Examination = 28 ± 2) from the SCIENCe project and Amsterdam Dementia Cohort. Subjects were dichotomized as amyloid abnormal by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PET). Baseline plasma Abeta40, Abeta42, and tTau were measured using Simoa technology. Associations between plasma levels and amyloid status were assessed using logistic regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic analyses. Association of plasma levels with risk of clinical progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models. Results Fifty‐seven (23%) subjects were CSF‐amyloid abnormal. Plasma Abeta42/Abeta40 ratio and plasma Abeta42 alone, but not tTau, identified abnormal CSF‐amyloid status (plasma ratio: area under the curve [AUC] = 77%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 69–84%; plasma Abeta42: AUC = 66%, 95% CI: 58–74%). Combining plasma ratio with age and apolipoprotein E resulted in AUC = 83% (95% CI = 77–89%). The Youden cutoff of the plasma ratio gave a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 75%, and applying this as a prescreener would reduce the number of lumbar punctures by 51%. Using PET as outcome, a comparable reduction in number of PET scans would be achieved when applying the plasma ratio as prescreener. In addition, low plasma ratio was associated with clinical progression to MCI or dementia (hazard ratio = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.4–2.3). Interpretation Plasma Abeta42/Abeta40 ratio has potential as a prescreener to identify Alzheimer pathological changes in cognitively normal individuals with SCD. Ann Neurol 2018;84:656–666
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge M. W. Verberk
- Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of NeurologyVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical ChemistryVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde E. Slot
- Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of NeurologyVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Sander C. J. Verfaillie
- Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of NeurologyVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Hans Heijst
- Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical ChemistryVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Niels D. Prins
- Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of NeurologyVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Bart N. M. van Berckel
- Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of NeurologyVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical ChemistryVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M. van der Flier
- Amsterdam NeuroscienceAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of NeurologyVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsVU University Medical Center AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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