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Liu L, Tao H, Xu J, Liu L, Nahata MC. Quantity, Duration, Adherence, and Reasons for Dietary Supplement Use among Adults: Results from NHANES 2011-2018. Nutrients 2024; 16:1830. [PMID: 38931186 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplement use is common among US adults. We aimed to investigate the quantity, duration, adherence, and reasons for supplement use in individuals who take supplements. Data from 2011 to 2018 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset were analyzed. Four cycles of data were combined to estimate these outcomes. Results are presented as overall group and by subgroups. All analyses were weighted to be nationally representative. The Taylor Series Linearization approach was used to generate variance estimates. A total of 12,529 participants were included. Over 70% of these individuals reported taking more than one unit of dietary supplements daily. Notably, approximately 40% had been taking supplements for more than five years and about 67% were highly adherent to at least one supplement. However, only 26.9% of these supplements were taken following a doctor's recommendation. The primary reasons for dietary supplements intake included improving overall health (37.2%), maintaining health (34.7%), bone health (21.4%), and diet supplementation (20.3%). Our findings indicate that most participants proactively used multiple dietary supplements focused on self-managed health and prevention, with substantial dedication to long-term use and high adherence. Healthcare professionals should play a more active role in guiding such behaviors to optimize the health outcomes of dietary supplement users across the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligang Liu
- Institute of Therapeutic Innovations and Outcomes (ITIO), College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Heqing Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Jinyu Xu
- IT Research & Innovation, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lijun Liu
- Drake Institute for Teaching and Learning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Milap C Nahata
- Institute of Therapeutic Innovations and Outcomes (ITIO), College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Silva ALOD. E-cigarettes with vitamins and nutrients: where quackery and technology meet. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2024; 40:e00024223. [PMID: 38324865 PMCID: PMC10841376 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xpt024223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
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Pavlak CDR, Mengue SS. Use of vitamins and/or minerals among adults and the elderly in urban areas of Brazil: prevalence and associated factors. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:2625-2636. [PMID: 37672452 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023289.15032022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of vitamin and/or mineral use among urban Brazilian populations aged 20 years and over and to identify associated factors. Data from the National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of the Rational Use of Medicines in Brazil (PNAUM) were analyzed and a population-based cross-sectional study with probability sampling was performed in urban areas of Brazil's five geographic regions from September 2013 to February 2014. The estimated prevalence of vitamin and/or mineral use was 4.8% (95%CI: 4.3-5.3), higher in women 6.4% (95%CI: 5.7-7.1) and in the elderly population 11.6% (95%CI: 10.5-12.8). Vitamin and/or mineral use was associated with the following factors: women, 60 years of age or older, economic class A/B, chronic disease(s) and self-perceived health held as average and very poor/poor. Multivitamins and multiminerals were the most used ones with 24.5% (95%CI 20.1-29.4), followed by calcium and vitamin D with 23.4% (95%CI 19.7-27.5). Data suggest that elderly women should be the reference public for actions aimed at promoting rational use. Nationwide epidemiological surveys should increase monitoring of these products to support the analysis of trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline da Rosa Pavlak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. R. Ramiro Barcelos 2.400, 2º andar. 90035003 Porto Alegre RS Brasil.
| | - Sotero Serrate Mengue
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. R. Ramiro Barcelos 2.400, 2º andar. 90035003 Porto Alegre RS Brasil.
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El Khoury D, Tabakos M, Dwyer JJM, Mountjoy M. Determinants of supplementation among Canadian university students: a theory of planned behavior perspective. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:1957-1965. [PMID: 34398710 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1951276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify the psychosocial determinants of (1) intention to use dietary supplements (DS) and (2) the behavior of engaging in supplementation by testing the fit of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). METHODS A total of 778 students at a Canadian university in Ontario completed a cross-sectional survey assessing participants' attitude, injunctive norm, descriptive norm, perceived behavioral control and intention toward DS use. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests and linear and logistic regressions. RESULTS Attitude, injunctive norm and perceived behavioral control were significant predictors of intention to use DS. Attitude, injunctive norm and intention were significant predictors of engaging in supplementation. The model explained 75.5% of the variance and correctly classified 89.6% of cases. The odds of using DS doubled with every one-unit increase in intention. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the utility of the TPB in predicting university students' supplementation habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia El Khoury
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, College of Social and Applied Human Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Madelyn Tabakos
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, College of Social and Applied Human Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - John J M Dwyer
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, College of Social and Applied Human Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margo Mountjoy
- Health and Performance Center, John T. Powell Building, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Rotimi DE, Adeyemi OS. Plantain-based diet decreases oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in the testes of rats exposed to atrazine. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-022-04639-2. [PMID: 36609901 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04639-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to the herbicide atrazine (ATZ) has deleterious effects on male fertility. This fact underscores the need for measures to protect against the detrimental impact of atrazine exposure on male fertility. The study assessed the protective effects of plantain-based diet (PBD) on rat testes exposed to ATZ by exploring oxid-inflammatory homeostasis. The study evaluated the preventive and therapeutic effects of PBD in a two-phased experiment. Male rats were randomized into seven groups for therapeutic model (Control, ATZ only, ATZ recovery, ATZ + 50% PBD, ATZ + 25% PBD, ATZ + 12.5% PBD and ATZ + quercetin-QUE) while the preventive model had ten groups (Control, ATZ, 50% PBD + ATZ, 25% PBD + ATZ, 12.5% PBD + ATZ and QUE + ATZ). The oxidative stress parameters (DNA fragmentation and MDA level), purinergic activity (ATPase), acetylcholine esterase, and inflammatory markers (NO level, MPO activity, and TNF-α) were increased while the Nrf2 levels were decreased by the ATZ treatment. However, the PBD was able to restore the oxido-inflammatory parameters in the rat testes. The chemical fingerprint of the diet revealed that the diets contained 16 bioactive compounds with quercetin being the most prominent compound. Overall, treatment with PBD was able to protect and prevent the toxicity caused by ATZ by modulating the redox and inflammatory status as well as purinergic activity in the rat testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damilare Emmanuel Rotimi
- SDG 03 Group - Good Health & Well-being, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Kwara State, Nigeria.,Department of Biochemistry, Medicinal Biochemistry, Nanomedicine & Toxicology Laboratory, Landmark University, PMB 1001, Omu-Aran, 251101, Nigeria
| | - Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi
- SDG 03 Group - Good Health & Well-being, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, 251101, Kwara State, Nigeria. .,Department of Biochemistry, Medicinal Biochemistry, Nanomedicine & Toxicology Laboratory, Landmark University, PMB 1001, Omu-Aran, 251101, Nigeria. .,Laboratory of Sustainable Animal Environmental Systems, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko-Onsen, Osaki, Miyagi, 989-6711, Japan.
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6
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Guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of hypolipidemia disorders. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:797-812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Nutrition recommendations for a healthy pregnancy and lactation in women with overweight and obesity - strategies for weight loss before and after pregnancy. Fertil Steril 2022; 118:434-446. [PMID: 36050124 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A healthy eating pattern is recommended for all life stages and is central to achieving optimal pregnancy outcomes and successful lactation. The preconception period is a critical window of time during which good nutritional status benefits both the mother and the offspring. The ongoing overweight and obesity epidemic, especially in conjunction with poor nutritional status, presents maternal and infant health risks. Preconception and postpartum weight loss are routinely recommended in clinical practice. In this review, we discuss the nutritional recommendations for healthy weight loss during these periods. Unhealthy weight loss during preconception and for lactating women, can cause adverse maternal consequences that can impact the offspring.
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Grant JK, Snow S, Kelsey M, Rymer J, Schaffer AE, Patel MR, McGarrah RW, Pagidipati NJ, Shah NP. Lipid-Lowering Therapy in Woman of Childbearing Age: a Review and Stepwise Clinical Approach. Curr Cardiol Rep 2022; 24:1373-1385. [PMID: 35904667 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-022-01751-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Women are less often recognized to have cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and are underrepresented in randomized trials of lipid-lowering therapy. Here, we summarize non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic strategies for lipid-lowering in women of childbearing age, lipid changes during pregnancy and lactation, discuss sex-specific outcomes in currently available literature, and discuss future areas of research. RECENT FINDINGS While lifestyle interventions form the backbone of CVD prevention, some women of reproductive age have an indication for pharmacologic lipid-lowering. Sex-based evidence is limited but suggests that both statin and non-statin lipid-lowering agents are beneficial regardless of sex, especially at high cardiovascular risk. Pharmacologic lipid-lowering therapies, both during the pregnancy period and during lactation, have historically been and continue to be limited by safety concerns. This oftentimes limits lipid-lowering options in women of childbearing age. In this review, we summarize lipid-lowering strategies in women of childbearing age and the impact of therapies during pregnancy and lactation. The limited sex-specific data regarding efficacy, adverse events, and cardiovascular outcomes underscore the need for a greater representation of women in randomized controlled trials. More data on lipid-lowering teratogenicity are needed, and through increased clinician awareness and reporting to incidental exposure registries, more data can be harvested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelani K Grant
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Snow
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Michelle Kelsey
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Jennifer Rymer
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Anna E Schaffer
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Manesh R Patel
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Robert W McGarrah
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Neha J Pagidipati
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Nishant P Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
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Dwyer JT, Saldanha LG, Bailen RA, Gahche JJ, Potischman N, Bailey RL, Jun S, Long Y, Connor E, Andrews KW, Pehrsson PR, Gusev PA. Do Multivitamin/Mineral Dietary Supplements for Young Children Fill Critical Nutrient Gaps? J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:525-532. [PMID: 34687947 PMCID: PMC11056952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly a third of young US children take multivitamin/mineral (MVM) dietary supplements, yet it is unclear how formulations compare with requirements. OBJECTIVE Describe the number and amounts of micronutrients contained in MVMs for young children and compare suggested amounts on product labels to micronutrient requirements. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING All 288 MVMs on the market in the United States in the National Institutes of Health's Dietary Supplement Label Database in 2018 labeled for children 1 to <4 years old. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Number of MVM products and amounts per day of micronutrients in each product suggested on labels compared with requirements represented by age-appropriate Daily Values (DV). Micronutrients of public health concern identified by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) 2015-2020 (DGA 2015) and DGA 2020-2025 (DGA 2020) or those of concern for exceeding the upper tolerable intake levels. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Number of products and percent DV per day provided by each micronutrient in each product. RESULTS The 288 MVMs contained a mean of 10.1 ± 2.27 vitamins and 4.59 ± 2.27 minerals. The most common were, in rank order, vitamins C, A, D, E, B6, B12; zinc, biotin, pantothenic acid, iodine, and folic acid. For micronutrients denoted by the DGA 2015 and DGA 2020 of public health concern, 56% of the 281 products containing vitamin D, 4% of the 144 with calcium, and none of the 60 containing potassium provided at least half of the DV. The upper tolerable intake level was exceeded by 49% of 197 products with folic acid, 17% of 283 with vitamin A, and 14% of 264 with zinc. Most MVMs contained many of 16 other vitamins and minerals identified in national surveys as already abundant in children's diets. CONCLUSIONS A reexamination of the amounts and types of micronutrients in MVMs might consider formulations that better fill critical gaps in intakes and avoid excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna T Dwyer
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Leila G Saldanha
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Richard A Bailen
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jaime J Gahche
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nancy Potischman
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Yue Long
- Abt Associates, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Karen W Andrews
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pamela R Pehrsson
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pavel A Gusev
- Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Bethesda, Maryland
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Parmenter BH, Bumrungpert A, Thouas GA. Sociodemographic factors and parental views associated with use of an omega-3 supplement for their children. PHARMANUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Barrack MT, Sassone J, Dizon F, Wu AC, DeLuca S, Ackerman KE, Tenforde AS. Dietary Supplement Intake and Factors Associated with Increased Use in Preadolescent Endurance Runners. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:573-582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Hartman TJ, Wang Y, Hodge RA, Mitchell DC, Flanders WD, Li C, Sampson L, Troeschel AN, Patel AV, McCullough ML. Self-Reported Dietary Supplement Use Is Reproducible and Relatively Valid in the Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Substudy. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:1665-1676.e2. [PMID: 34399975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary supplement use is common, particularly among cancer survivors and those at increased risk for cancer. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to assess 1-year test-retest reproducibility of dietary supplement use reported via food frequency questionnaire (FFQ-1 vs FFQ-2) and relative validity in comparison to repeated 24-hour dietary recalls (FFQ-2 vs DRs). DESIGN This ancillary study was conducted within a large prospective cohort, the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study-3. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Between 2015 and 2016, 684 participants in the United States (64% women; 62% non-Hispanic White, 23% non-Hispanic Black, and 15% Hispanic) completed two FFQs and up to six unannounced telephone interviewer-administered DRs over 1 year as part of the Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Substudy. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES FFQs queried current multivitamin-mineral supplement (≥10 components) use, frequency and dose (range) for seven supplements taken individually or as part of a complex (individual/complex) including calcium, vitamins D, C, and E, folic acid, fish oil, and glucosamine. DRs allowed exact reporting of supplement frequency and dose. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Weighted κ statistics were used to evaluate reproducibility between FFQ-1 and FFQ-2 and Spearman correlation coefficients assessed agreement between supplemental nutrient amounts assessed by FFQ-2 and the average of DRs. RESULTS Just more than half of the participants reported taking multivitamin-mineral supplements on the baseline FFQ. Kappa statistics for the comparison of categorical responses between FFQ-1 and FFQ-2 were 0.67 for multivitamin-mineral supplements. Kappas for individual/complex supplements ranged from 0.47 for folic acid to 0.74 for vitamin D, with a mean of 0.64. Results were similar between men and women. Spearman correlation coefficients comparing FFQ-2 with the average of DRs (validity) for nutrient intakes from all sources ranged from 0.65 (fish oil for women) to 0.77 (vitamin D for men and calcium for women); results were similar among men and women. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest the FFQ used in Cancer Prevention Study-3 has good reproducibility over 1 year and yields estimates comparable to a more detailed assessment for commonly consumed dietary supplements.
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Hu C, Salter Venzon D, Lange K, Maathuis A, Bellmann S, Gellenbeck K. Evaluation of the bioaccessibility of a carotenoid beadlet blend using an in vitro system mimicking the upper gastrointestinal tract. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3289-3296. [PMID: 34136193 PMCID: PMC8194940 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The release characteristics of a unique blend of carotenoid beadlets designed to increase bioavailability were tested using the dynamic gastrointestinal model TIM-1. Individual carotenoid bioaccessibility peaks were observed over approximately 3-4 hr in the order of lutein and zeaxanthin first, followed by lycopene, and then finally α- and β-carotene; when tested as a beadlet blend or when the beadlets were compressed into tablets. Bioaccessibility measurements of 7%-20% were similar to those previously reported in literature and comparable between the two formulations, beadlet blend and tablet formulations. Total recovery of carotenoids from all compartments ranged from 70% to 90% for all carotenoids, except lycopene where almost 50% was unrecoverable after digestion in the TIM system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hu
- Nutrilite Health InstituteBuena ParkCAUSA
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Cai HC, King LE, Dwyer JT. Using the Google™ Search Engine for Health Information: Is There a Problem? Case Study: Supplements for Cancer. Curr Dev Nutr 2021; 5:nzab002. [PMID: 33937613 PMCID: PMC8059196 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the quality of online health and nutrition information using a Google™ search on "supplements for cancer". Search results were scored using the Health Information Quality Index (HIQI), a quality-rating tool consisting of 12 objective criteria related to website domain, lack of commercial aspects, and authoritative nature of the health and nutrition information provided. Possible scores ranged from 0 (lowest) to 12 ("perfect" or highest quality). After eliminating irrelevant results, the remaining 160 search results had median and mean scores of 8. One-quarter of the results were of high quality (score of 10-12). There was no correlation between high-quality scores and early appearance in the sequence of search results, where results are presumably more visible. Also, 496 advertisements, over twice the number of search results, appeared. We conclude that the Google™ search engine may have shortcomings when used to obtain information on dietary supplements and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah C Cai
- Frances Stern Nutrition Center, Tufts Medical Center and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | | | - Johanna T Dwyer
- Frances Stern Nutrition Center, Tufts Medical Center and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical School and Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Mediterranean Diet for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes in the Covid-19 Era: Implications of Il-6 In Diabesity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031213. [PMID: 33530554 PMCID: PMC7866163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to highlight the influence of the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) during the COVID-19 pandemic era and the specific role of interleukin (IL)-6 in diabesity. It is known that diabetes, high body mass index, high glycated hemoglobin and raised serum IL-6 levels are predictive of poor outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The immunopathological mechanisms of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection include rising levels of several cytokines and in particular IL-6. The latter is associated with hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and could be useful for predicting the development of GDM. Rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals, MedDiet improves the immune system and could modulate IL-6, C reactive protein and Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB. Moreover, polyphenols could modulate microbiota composition, inhibit the NF-κB pathway, lower IL-6, and upregulate antioxidant enzymes. Finally, adhering to the MedDiet prior to and during pregnancy could have a protective effect, reducing GWG and the risk of GDM, as well as improving the immune response to viral infections such as COVID-19.
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Takyi SA, Basu N, Arko-Mensah J, Dwomoh D, Nti AAA, Kwarteng L, Acquah AA, Robins TG, Fobil JN. Micronutrient Status of Electronic Waste Recyclers at Agbogbloshie, Ghana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E9575. [PMID: 33371401 PMCID: PMC7767402 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that micronutrient status is adversely impacted by toxic metals (e.g., cadmium, lead, and arsenic) exposures; however, the micronutrient status of e-waste recyclers who are amongst the highest metal-exposed groups is not known. This study, therefore, assessed the micronutrient status of e-waste recyclers using dietary information (2-day 24-h recall survey) and biomarker data (whole blood and urine) among 151 participants (100 e-waste recyclers at Agbogbloshie and 51 controls at Madina Zongo from the Accra region, Ghana) in March 2017. Biomarker levels of iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) were analyzed by the ICP-MS. Linear regression models were used to assess associations ofwork-related factors and sociodemographic characteristics with micronutrient intake, blood, and urine micronutrient levels. The results showed that apart from Fe and Zn, e-waste recyclers at Agbogbloshie did not meet the day-to-day dietary requirements for Ca, Cu, Se, and Mg intake. Except for the low levels of Mg and Fe detected in blood of e-waste recyclers, all other micronutrients measured in both blood and urine of both groups fell within their reference range. Exposure to biomass burning was associated with lower blood levels of Fe, Mg, and Zn among the e-waste recyclers. Further, among e-waste recyclers, significant relationships were found between the number of years spent recycling e-waste and urinary Ca and Cu excretion. Given that, some dietary and blood levels of micronutrients were below their reference ranges, the implementation of evidence-based nutrition strategies remains necessary among e-waste recyclers to reduce their risk of becoming malnourished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia A. Takyi
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana; (J.A.-M.); (A.A.A.N.); (L.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.N.F.)
| | - Niladri Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
| | - John Arko-Mensah
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana; (J.A.-M.); (A.A.A.N.); (L.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.N.F.)
| | - Duah Dwomoh
- Department of Statistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana;
| | - Afua Asabea Amoabeng Nti
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana; (J.A.-M.); (A.A.A.N.); (L.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.N.F.)
| | - Lawrencia Kwarteng
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana; (J.A.-M.); (A.A.A.N.); (L.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.N.F.)
| | - Augustine A. Acquah
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana; (J.A.-M.); (A.A.A.N.); (L.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.N.F.)
| | - Thomas G. Robins
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Julius N. Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra +233, Ghana; (J.A.-M.); (A.A.A.N.); (L.K.); (A.A.A.); (J.N.F.)
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17
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Nunes S, Viana SD, Preguiça I, Alves A, Fernandes R, Teodoro JS, Figueirinha A, Salgueiro L, Silva S, Jarak I, Carvalho RA, Cavadas C, Rolo AP, Palmeira CM, Pintado MM, Reis F. Blueberry Consumption Challenges Hepatic Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Elicits Transcriptomics Reprogramming in Healthy Wistar Rats. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111094. [PMID: 33202669 PMCID: PMC7697217 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An emergent trend of blueberries’ (BB) “prophylactic” consumption, due to their phytochemicals’ richness and well-known health-promoting claims, is widely scaled-up. However, the benefits arising from BB indiscriminate intake remains puzzling based on incongruent preclinical and human data. To provide a more in-depth elucidation and support towards a healthier and safer consumption, we conducted a translation-minded experimental study in healthy Wistar rats that consumed BB in a juice form (25 g/kg body weight (BW)/day; 14 weeks’ protocol). Particular attention was paid to the physiological adaptations succeeding in the gut and liver tissues regarding the acknowledged BB-induced metabolic benefits. Systemically, BB boosted serum antioxidant activity and repressed the circulating levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB) ketone bodies and 3-HB/acetoacetate ratio. Moreover, BB elicited increased fecal succinic acid levels without major changes on gut microbiota (GM) composition and gut ultra-structural organization. Remarkably, an accentuated hepatic mitochondrial bioenergetic challenge, ensuing metabolic transcriptomic reprogramming along with a concerted anti-inflammatory pre-conditioning, was clearly detected upon long-term consumption of BB phytochemicals. Altogether, the results disclosed herein portray a quiescent mitochondrial-related metabolomics and hint for a unified adaptive response to this nutritional challenge. The beneficial or noxious consequences arising from this dietary trend should be carefully interpreted and necessarily claims future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nunes
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia D. Viana
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Pharmacy/Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Preguiça
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - André Alves
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João S. Teodoro
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.F.); (L.S.)
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.F.); (L.S.)
- CIEPQPF, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sara Silva
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rui A. Carvalho
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry-Clean Technologies and Processes, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Cavadas
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Anabela P. Rolo
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos M. Palmeira
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria M. Pintado
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Flávio Reis
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239-480-053
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18
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Navigating the Maze of Dietary Supplements. TOP CLIN NUTR 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/tin.0000000000000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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El Khoury D, Hansen J, Tabakos M, Spriet LL, Brauer P. Dietary Supplement Use among Non-athlete Students at a Canadian University: A Pilot-Survey. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082284. [PMID: 32751521 PMCID: PMC7468929 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the emerging evidence of adverse consequences and interaction with doping substances, dietary supplements (DS) are commonly used by many Canadians. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the patterns and determinants of current DS use among non-athlete students at a Canadian university using a cross-sectional approach. Of the 475 participants who completed the online survey, 43.4% declared using DS in the past six months. Participants who were male, aged ≥20 years old, and had a parent/guardian with a bachelor’s degree were significantly more likely to use DS. The types of DS used and the sources of information regarding DS were significantly influenced by age and gender. The most commonly used DS were vitamin and mineral and protein supplements. Most participants referred to healthcare professionals for information on DS, but many continued to depend on unreliable sources including family and friends. Of DS users, 10.1% reported experiencing adverse events from using DS. Findings from this study indicate that supplementation is very common among Canadian non-athlete students and highlight the urgent need for the development of educational programs surrounding DS use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia El Khoury
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (J.H.); (M.T.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Joel Hansen
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (J.H.); (M.T.); (P.B.)
| | - Madelyn Tabakos
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (J.H.); (M.T.); (P.B.)
| | - Lawrence L. Spriet
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Paula Brauer
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (J.H.); (M.T.); (P.B.)
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20
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Peregrin T. Guidance Regarding the Recommendation and Sale of Dietary Supplements. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 120:1216-1219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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21
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Cowan AE, Jun S, Tooze JA, Dodd KW, Gahche JJ, Eicher-Miller HA, Guenther PM, Dwyer JT, Moshfegh AJ, Rhodes DG, Bhadra A, Bailey RL. Comparison of 4 Methods to Assess the Prevalence of Use and Estimates of Nutrient Intakes from Dietary Supplements among US Adults. J Nutr 2020; 150:884-893. [PMID: 31851315 PMCID: PMC7138661 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate and reliable methods to assess prevalence of use of and nutrient intakes from dietary supplements (DSs) are critical for research, clinical practice, and public health monitoring. NHANES has been the primary source of DS usage patterns using an in-home inventory with a frequency-based DS and Prescription Medicine Questionnaire (DSMQ), but little is known regarding DS information obtained from 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs). METHODS The objectives of this analysis were to compare results from 4 different methods for measuring DS use constructed from two data collection instruments (i.e., DSMQ and 24HR) and to determine the most comprehensive method for measuring the prevalence of use and estimating nutrient intakes from DS for selected nutrients. NHANES 2011-2014 data from US adults (aged ≥19 y; n = 11,451) were used to examine the 4 combinations of methods constructed for measuring the prevalence of use of and amount of selected nutrients from DSs (i.e., riboflavin, vitamin D, folate, magnesium, calcium): 1) DSMQ, 2) 24HR day 1, 3) two 24HRs (i.e., mean), and 4) DSMQ or at least one 24HR. RESULTS Half of US adults reported DS use on the DSMQ (52%) and on two 24HRs (mean of 49%), as compared with a lower prevalence of DS use when using a single 24HR (43%) and a higher (57%) prevalence when combining the DSMQ with at least one 24HR. Mean nutrient intake estimates were highest using 24HR day 1. Mean supplemental calcium from the DSMQ or at least one 24HR was 372 mg/d, but 464 mg/d on the 24HR only. For vitamin D, the estimated intakes per consumption day were higher on the DSMQ (46 μg) and the DSMQ or at least one 24HR (44 μg) than those on the 24HR day 1 (32 μg) or the mean 24HR (31 μg). Fewer products were also classed as a default or reasonable match on the DSMQ than on the 24HR. CONCLUSIONS A higher prevalence of use of DSs is obtained using frequency-based methods, whereas higher amounts of nutrients are reported from a 24HR. The home inventory results in greater accuracy for products reported. Collectively, these findings suggest that combining the DSMQ with at least one 24HR (i.e., DSMQ or at least one 24HR) is the most comprehensive method for assessing the prevalence of and estimating usual intake from DSs in US adults.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03400436.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Cowan
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Janet A Tooze
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kevin W Dodd
- NIH National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Patricia M Guenther
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Johanna T Dwyer
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD, USA,Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alanna J Moshfegh
- Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Donna G Rhodes
- Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Anindya Bhadra
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA,Address correspondence to RLB (e-mail: )
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22
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Jun S, Gahche JJ, Potischman N, Dwyer JT, Guenther PM, Sauder KA, Bailey RL. Dietary Supplement Use and Its Micronutrient Contribution During Pregnancy and Lactation in the United States. Obstet Gynecol 2020; 135:623-633. [PMID: 32028492 PMCID: PMC7138460 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000003657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of use and the micronutrient contribution of dietary supplements among pregnant, lactating, and nonpregnant and nonlactating women in the United States. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 1,314 pregnant, 297 lactating, and 8,096 nonpregnant and nonlactating women (aged 20-44 years) in the 1999-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were combined to produce statistically reliable, nationally representative estimates. Information about dietary supplements used in the past 30 days was collected through an interviewer-administered questionnaire and in-home inventory. The prevalence of nutrient-specific supplement use, mean daily nutrient intakes from supplements among users, and motivations for supplement use were assessed. Differences by age, income, and trimester within pregnant women were also tested. RESULTS Seventy-seven percent of pregnant women and 70% of lactating women used one or more dietary supplements, whereas 45% of nonpregnant and nonlactating women used supplements. In particular, 64% of pregnant and 54% of lactating women used prenatal supplements. Mean intakes of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, vitamins B6, B12, and C, iron, and zinc from supplements alone were at or above their respective recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) among pregnant and lactating supplement users. About half of pregnant and 40% of lactating women took supplements based on the recommendation of a health care provider. Among pregnant women, those in their first trimester, aged 20-34 years, or in a lower-income family were less likely to use supplements compared with their counterparts. CONCLUSION The majority of pregnant and lactating women used dietary supplements, which contributed many nutrients in doses above the RDAs. Although inadequate Intakes of folate and iron are of concern among pregnant women who are not using supplements, supplement users often consumed high doses, suggesting a potential need of health care providers to discuss dietary supplement use and the recommended doses of nutrients during pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907
| | - Jaime J. Gahche
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7517
| | - Nancy Potischman
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7517
| | - Johanna T. Dwyer
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7517
| | - Patricia M. Guenther
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Katherine A. Sauder
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Regan L. Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907
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Hanson C, Bowser EK, Frankenfield DC, Piemonte TA. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A 2019 Evidence Analysis Center Evidence-Based Practice Guideline. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 121:139-165.e15. [PMID: 32081589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disorder in which patients are at high risk for both pulmonary and systemic complications of their disease. Medical nutrition therapy by a registered dietitian nutritionist can be an integral component of lifestyle treatment targeted at maintaining and improving outcomes, such as lung function, mortality, and quality of life. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (Academy) convened an expert workgroup to conduct a systematic review to update the COPD Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guideline. This publication outlines the Academy's Evidence Analysis Library methods used to complete the systematic review and guideline and examines the recommendations and supporting evidence. A total of 14 recommendations were developed based on evidence from eight conclusions. Using the Nutrition Care Process as a framework for practice, recommendations rated as strong included assessing and monitoring and evaluating body weight and medical nutrition therapy by a registered dietitian nutritionist. Weak recommendations included predicting resting and total energy expenditure. All other recommendations were rated as fair. These included individualizing the calorie prescription and macronutrient composition of the diet; assessing and monitoring and evaluating energy intake, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, and frequency of exacerbations; and determining need for vitamin D supplementation. Fewer than one-third of the systematic review's conclusions could be used to support the recommendations due to conflicting results or limited or no evidence available. The Evidence Analysis Library 2019 COPD Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guideline is a valuable resource for registered dietitian nutritionists and other health care professionals caring for those with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen K Bowser
- (2)Pediatric Pulmonary Division, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - David C Frankenfield
- (3)Department of Clinical Nutrition, Penn State Health Milton S. Hersey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | - Tami A Piemonte
- (4)Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Center, Chicago, IL.
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Bailey RL, Zou P, Wallace TC, McCabe GP, Craig BA, Jun S, Cauley JA, Weaver CM. Calcium Supplement Use Is Associated With Less Bone Mineral Density Loss, But Does Not Lessen the Risk of Bone Fracture Across the Menopause Transition: Data From the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. JBMR Plus 2019; 4:e10246. [PMID: 31956850 PMCID: PMC6957983 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a modifiable factor that is related to bone mass and risk for fractures; however, the use of calcium supplements for bone health is controversial, with little scientific agreement. The purpose of this analysis was to estimate the change in lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD and the risk of bone fracture by the use of calcium supplements among the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) participants. SWAN is a multicenter, multiethnic, community‐based longitudinal cohort designed to examine the health of women across the menopause transition (n = 1490; aged 42 to 52 years at baseline in 1996 to 1997 and followed annually until 2006 to 2008). A mixed‐effect model for repeated measures was used to estimate annualized BMD change across time between supplement users and nonusers, unadjusted or fully adjusted (age, race, height, weight, menopausal status [pre‐, early peri‐, late peri‐, and postmenopausal], DXA scanner mode, alcohol intake, vitamin D supplement use, smoking, and physical activity) and a log‐linear model with repeated measures was used to estimate the relative risk of fracture by calcium supplement use. All models were also stratified by baseline menopausal status. In fully adjusted models, calcium supplement use was associated with less annualized loss of femoral neck BMD (−0.0032 versus −0.0040 g/cm2/year; p < .001) and lumbar spine BMD (−0.0046 versus −0.0053 g/cm2/year, p = 0.021) in the complete cohort. However, this protective association of calcium supplement use with BMD loss was significant only among premenopausal women (femoral neck: −0.0032 versus −0.0042 g/cm2/year; p = 0.002; lumbar spine: −0.0038 versus −0.0050 g/cm2/year, p = 0.001); no significant differences in BMD were observed among women who were early perimenopausal by calcium supplement use at baseline. No significant differences in the relative risk of fracture were observed, regardless of baseline menopausal status. The use of calcium supplements was associated with less BMD loss over more than a decade, but was not related to the risk of incident bone fracture across the menopause transition. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
| | - Peishan Zou
- Department of Nutrition Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
| | - Taylor C Wallace
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies George Mason University Fairfax VA USA.,Think Healthy Group, Inc. Washington, DC USA
| | - George P McCabe
- Department of Statistics Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
| | - Bruce A Craig
- Department of Statistics Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Nutrition Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
| | - Jane A Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Connie M Weaver
- Department of Nutrition Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA
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Elliott C. Assessing Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements Marketed to Children in Canada. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16224326. [PMID: 31698815 PMCID: PMC6888471 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Given the growth of supplements specifically designed for children in Canada, this study examines the nutrient levels of these products, and evaluates them in light of the US Health and Medical Division (HMD)—formerly the Institute of Medicine—and Health Canada’s recommendations. Content analysis was used to document the nutrient levels of child-targeted vitamins, minerals and fish oils/omega-3s (n = 80) in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Products were assessed according to HMD and Health Canada dosage recommendations for children, and the percentage of Estimate Average Requirements (EAR), Adequate Intakes (AI), and Tolerable Upper Intakes Level (UL) calculated. Median EAR/AI/UL percentages and quartiles were calculated for each nutrient, and estimates for the adequate intake recommendations plotted with box plots. Sixty five percent of the products assessed were multivitamins; the median dose was higher than AI recommendations for vitamins A, B6, B12, and C, as well as thiamin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, and biotin. Substantial variation in vitamin, mineral, or fish oil dosage was found between similar supplements—with nutrients such as vitamin B12 ranging from 83% to 5557% of AI. Such findings matter because the very existence of these products suggests that children should be taking them, yet more research is needed on their potential (adverse) effects over both the short and long term. The substantial variation in dosages between products also raises questions about the (perhaps unnecessary) fortification of our children, as well as the expectations that parents know—or are even aware of—appropriate nutrient levels for their kids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene Elliott
- Department of Communication, Media, and Film, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Costa JG, Vidovic B, Saraiva N, do Céu Costa M, Del Favero G, Marko D, Oliveira NG, Fernandes AS. Contaminants: a dark side of food supplements? Free Radic Res 2019; 53:1113-1135. [PMID: 31500469 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1636045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Food supplements (FS) are often consumed as one of the strategies to fight ageing-associated pathologies, especially in the case of oxidative stress-related diseases. Despite the popularity of FS, some concerns about their quality and safety have been raised, especially regarding the presence of contaminants. This paper reviews and discusses the occurrence of contaminants in marketed samples of FS in the last two decades, considering both scientific literature and notifications registered on RASFF portal. The most relevant classes of contaminants were included namely metals, toxins, pesticides, dioxins and PCBs, as well as pharmacologically active ingredients. Variable amounts of contaminants were reported in a significant number of commercially available FS. Although the presence of contaminants does not necessarily mean that their levels exceed the regulatory limits or that the FS intake constitutes a risk to human health, it alerts for the need to further monitor FS safety. The evaluation of the risk associated to the consumption of FS, especially in the elderly population, is particularly challenging due to the frequent exposure to multiple toxicants and to different exposure sources, as well as due to possible pre-existing diseases and respective therapeutics. Therefore, improved quality control procedures and monitoring programs should be pursued in order to avoid undesirable products and assure the safety of FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Guilherme Costa
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bojana Vidovic
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nuno Saraiva
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria do Céu Costa
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisboa, Portugal.,ASAE/ONRE, National Observatory for Emerging Risks, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nuno G Oliveira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Fernandes
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisboa, Portugal.,ASAE/ONRE, National Observatory for Emerging Risks, Lisboa, Portugal
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Bailey RL, Pac SG, Fulgoni VL, Reidy KC, Catalano PM. Estimation of Total Usual Dietary Intakes of Pregnant Women in the United States. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e195967. [PMID: 31225890 PMCID: PMC6593963 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.5967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Nutrition during pregnancy is a critical dimension not only for women's health but also for the lifelong health of the offspring. Very limited national data exist on the usual dietary intakes of pregnant women. OBJECTIVE To estimate total usual nutrient intakes (from foods and dietary supplements) and the population prevalence of meeting or exceeding the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Dietary Reference Intake recommendations among pregnant US women. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional analysis was performed of a nationally representative sample of 1003 pregnant US women aged 20 to 40 years from the 2001-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. EXPOSURE Usual dietary intakes assessed by two 24-hour dietary recalls (including dietary supplements) adjusted for within-person variation using the National Cancer Institute method. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The proportion of women at risk of inadequate dietary intake as determined by the Estimated Average Requirement, the proportion of women assumed to have adequate dietary intake as determined by the Adequate Intake, and the proportion of women at risk of excess dietary intake as determined by the Tolerable Upper Intake Level. Demographic differences between pregnant and nonpregnant women were compared with t tests. RESULTS As representative of the US population, this sample of 1003 pregnant women had a mean (SE) age of 28.0 (0.3) years, was predominantly non-Hispanic white (mean [SE], 54.5% [3.1%]), and was at above 185% of the income to poverty ratio (mean [SE], 56.8% [3.0%]). Most pregnant women used a dietary supplement (mean [SE], 69.8% [2.3%]). A total of 10% or more of pregnant women had a total usual intake that is less than the Estimated Average Requirement for magnesium (mean [SE], 47.5% [2.8%]), vitamin D (mean [SE], 46.4% [2.7%]), vitamin E (mean [SE], 43.3% [2.7%]), iron (mean [SE], 36.2% [2.8%]), vitamin A (mean [SE], 15.5% [2.1%]), folate (mean [SE], 16.4% [1.6%]), calcium (mean [SE], 12.9% [2.4%]), vitamin C (mean [SE], 11.5% [1.9%]), vitamin B6 (mean [SE], 11.5% [1.5%]), and zinc (mean [SE], 10.9% [1.9%]). Some pregnant women exceeded the Adequate Intake for potassium (mean [SE], 41.7% [2.9%]), choline (mean [SE], 7.9% [3.2%]), and vitamin K (mean [SE], 47.9% [4.3%]). Most women exceeded the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for sodium (mean [SE], 95.0% [2.2%]), and some women exceeded the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of folic acid (mean [SE], 33.4% [2.8%]), iron (mean [SE], 27.9% [2.8%]), calcium (mean [SE], 3.0% [0.8%]), and zinc (mean [SE], 7.1% [1.6%]). For iron, the prevalence of an at-risk intake from foods alone was lower among women who used supplements (mean [SE], 80.3% [4.3%]) than those who did not use supplements (mean [SE], 95.3% [7.3%]); however, supplement use increased the risk of excessive iron and folic acid intakes given the amounts that are being consumed from supplemental products. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study suggests that a significant number of pregnant women are not meeting recommendations for vitamins D, C, A, B6, K, and E, as well as folate, choline, iron, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and zinc even with the use of dietary supplements. Almost all pregnant women in this study were at risk of excessive consumption of sodium, and many were at risk of excessive consumption of folic acid and iron. Improved dietary guidance to help pregnant women meet but not exceed dietary recommendations is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regan L. Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | | | | | | | - Patrick M. Catalano
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tufts University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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Noland D, Raj S. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Revised 2019 Standards of Practice and Standards of Professional Performance for Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (Competent, Proficient, and Expert) in Nutrition in Integrative and Functional Medicine. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019; 119:1019-1036.e47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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