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Ye X, He X, Hu Z, Zheng F, Huang X, Xie X, Chen F, Ou H, Qiu R. Metabolomic analysis identifies dysregulation of lipid metabolism in the immune clearance phase of chronic hepatitis B patients. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 239:115900. [PMID: 38064772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
There is an accelerated progression of liver necroinflammation and fibrosis in the liver during the immune clearance (IC) phase of Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which are critical indicators of antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. This study applied serum metabolomics to identify the potential metabolite biomarkers for differential diagnosis between the CHB immune tolerance (IT) and Immune clearance (IC) phases. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based approach was applied to evaluate and compared the serum metabolic profiles of 28 patients in IT phase and 33 patients in IC phase and appropriate statistical methods with MetaboAnalystR 2.0 R package to analyze those metabolites. The differential metabolites between IT and TC groups were classified and the top altered classification were lipids and lipid-like molecules and fatty acyls, clearly indicating that there were differences in the lipid metabolomic profile of HBV-infected patients with IT vs. IR phase. We identified the top 10 potential metabolite biomarkers for differential diagnosis between IT and IR. There were four lipid metabolites among them and the AUC of two of them, octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 3-Cycloheptene-l-acetic acid, were 0.983 and 0.933. octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is Diacylglycerol (18:2n6/18:0) and 3-Cycloheptene-l-acetic acid is hydroxy fatty acids, both of which were associated with lipid metabolism. This study not only provides the potential metabolic biomarkers but also insight into the mechanism of CHB progression during IT clearance phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China; Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Xiongzhi He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Zhenting Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Fengfeng Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Xiaogang Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Xuemei Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Feihua Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Hanbing Ou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China
| | - Rongxian Qiu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian 351100, China.
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2
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Deng R, Yu S, Ruan X, Liu H, Zong G, Cheng P, Tao R, Chen W, Wang A, Zhao Y, Wei Z, Lu Y. Capsaicin orchestrates metastasis in gastric cancer via modulating expression of TRPV1 channels and driving gut microbiota disorder. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:364. [PMID: 38129926 PMCID: PMC10734064 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between capsaicin, the major natural pungent compound of chili peppers, and gastric cancer progression has engendered conflicting findings. In this work, we sought to explore the character of a high capsaicin diet in gastric cancer metastasis and its possible mechanism. The impact of high capsaicin consumption on gastric cancer metastasis was investigated in vivo (xenograft mouse and zebrafish models) and in vitro (biochemical and molecular assays). It was demonstrated that high diet of capsaicin gave rise to accelerate tumor metastasis, which was partially mediated by elevating the expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in gastric cancer cells. Importantly, we found that genetic depletion of TRPV1 could reduce gastric cancer metastasis by diminishing the motility of tumor cells in vitro, but acted poorly in xenograft mouse model. Considering the distribution of capsaicin in vivo, 16S rRNA sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) were used to appraise whether the gut microbiota involved in the high capsaicin diet induced metastasis. It was demonstrated that the level of Firmicutes and Clostridiales was expressively boosted following the high consumption of capsaicin. This microbial shift contributed to the increased peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels, yielding the aggravated metastatic burden. Collectively, our findings highlighted the potential risk of high capsaicin diet in promoting gastric cancer metastasis by virtue of modulating TRPV1 expression and gut microbiota composition, indicating the importance of controlled consumption of chili peppers for patients with gastric cancer. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Suyun Yu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xingqiu Ruan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gangfan Zong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ruizhi Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Shnayder NA, Ashhotov AV, Trefilova VV, Novitsky MA, Medvedev GV, Petrova MM, Narodova EA, Kaskaeva DS, Chumakova GA, Garganeeva NP, Lareva NV, Al-Zamil M, Asadullin AR, Nasyrova RF. High-Tech Methods of Cytokine Imbalance Correction in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13333. [PMID: 37686139 PMCID: PMC10487844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
An important mechanism for the development of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is an imbalance between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therapeutic and non-therapeutic approaches for cytokine imbalance correction in IDD either do not give the expected result, or give a short period of time. This explains the relevance of high-tech medical care, which is part of specialized care and includes the use of new resource-intensive methods of treatment with proven effectiveness. The aim of the review is to update knowledge about new high-tech methods based on cytokine imbalance correction in IDD. It demonstrates promise of new approaches to IDD management in patients resistant to previously used therapies, including: cell therapy (stem cell implantation, implantation of autologous cultured cells, and tissue engineering); genetic technologies (gene modifications, microRNA, and molecular inducers of IDD); technologies for influencing the inflammatory cascade in intervertebral discs mediated by abnormal activation of inflammasomes; senolytics; exosomal therapy; and other factors (hypoxia-induced factors; lysyl oxidase; corticostatin; etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A. Shnayder
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.A.); (V.V.T.)
- Shared Core Facilities “Molecular and Cell Technologies”, V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (M.M.P.); (E.A.N.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Azamat V. Ashhotov
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.A.); (V.V.T.)
| | - Vera V. Trefilova
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.A.); (V.V.T.)
- Department of Neurology, Hospital for War Veterans, 193079 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Maxim A. Novitsky
- Department of Neurology, Hospital for War Veterans, 193079 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - German V. Medvedev
- R.R. Vreden National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics, 195427 Saint-Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Marina M. Petrova
- Shared Core Facilities “Molecular and Cell Technologies”, V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (M.M.P.); (E.A.N.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Narodova
- Shared Core Facilities “Molecular and Cell Technologies”, V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (M.M.P.); (E.A.N.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Daria S. Kaskaeva
- Shared Core Facilities “Molecular and Cell Technologies”, V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (M.M.P.); (E.A.N.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Galina A. Chumakova
- Department of Therapy and General Medical Practice with a Course of Postgraduate Professional Education, Altai State Medical University, 656038 Barnaul, Russia;
| | - Natalia P. Garganeeva
- Department of General Medical Practice and Outpatient Therapy, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Natalia V. Lareva
- Department of Therapy of Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Chita State Medical Academy, 672000 Chita, Russia;
| | - Mustafa Al-Zamil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Continuing Medical Education, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Azat R. Asadullin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia;
| | - Regina F. Nasyrova
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.A.); (V.V.T.)
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry, Samara State Medical University, 443016 Samara, Russia
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Zhu L, Wang Y, Pan CQ, Xing H. Gut microbiota in alcohol-related liver disease: pathophysiology and gut-brain cross talk. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1258062. [PMID: 37601074 PMCID: PMC10436520 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1258062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) from excessive alcohol intake has a unique gut microbiota profile. The disease progression-free survival in ALD patients has been associated with the degree of gut dysbiosis. The vicious cycles between gut dysbiosis and the disease progression in ALD including: an increase of acetaldehyde production and bile acid secretion, impaired gut barrier, enrichment of circulating microbiota, toxicities of microbiota metabolites, a cascade of pro-inflammatory chemokines or cytokines, and augmentation in the generation of reactive oxygen species. The aforementioned pathophysiology process plays an important role in different disease stages with a spectrum of alcohol hepatitis, ALD cirrhosis, neurological dysfunction, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review aims to illustrate the pathophysiology of gut microbiota and clarify the gut-brain crosstalk in ALD, which may provide the opportunity of identifying target points for future therapeutic intervention in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, BaoJi Central Hospital, Shaanxi, China
| | - Calvin Q. Pan
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NYU Langone Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Huichun Xing
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center of Liver Diseases, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
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5
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Yao M, Zhou P, Qin YY, Wang L, Yao DF. Mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II dysfunction: A possible novel mechanism for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in hepatocarcinogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:1765-1778. [PMID: 37032731 PMCID: PMC10080702 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i12.1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic-associated fatty liver disease has been characterized by the lipid accumulation with injury of hepatocytes and has become one of the most common chronic liver diseases in the world. The complex mechanisms of NAFLD formation are still under identification. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II (CPT-II) on inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) regulates long chain fatty acid β-oxidation, and its abnormality has had more and more attention paid to it by basic and clinical research in NAFLD. The sequences of its peptide chain and DNA nucleotides have been identified, and the catalytic activity of CPT-II is affected on its gene mutations, deficiency, enzymatic thermal instability, circulating carnitine level and so on. Recently, the CPT-II dysfunction has been discovered in models of liver lipid accumulation. Meanwhile, the malignant transformation of hepatocyte-related CD44+ stem T cell activation, high levels of tumor-related biomarkers (AFP, GPC3) and abnormal activation of Wnt3a expression as a key signal molecule of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway run parallel to the alterations of hepatocyte pathology. This review focuses on some of the progress of CPT-II inactivity on IMM with liver fatty accumulation as a possible novel pathogenesis for NAFLD in hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yao
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University & Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan-Yan Qin
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center for Intelligent Information Technology, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Deng-Fu Yao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
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6
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Kołakowski A, Dziemitko S, Chmielecka A, Żywno H, Bzdęga W, Charytoniuk T, Chabowski A, Konstantynowicz-Nowicka K. Molecular Advances in MAFLD—A Link between Sphingolipids and Extracellular Matrix in Development and Progression to Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911380. [PMID: 36232681 PMCID: PMC9569877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is a major cause of liver diseases globally and its prevalence is expected to grow in the coming decades. The main cause of MAFLD development is changed in the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Increased production of matrix molecules and inflammatory processes lead to progressive fibrosis, cirrhosis, and ultimately liver failure. In addition, increased accumulation of sphingolipids accompanied by increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the ECM is closely related to lipogenesis, MAFLD development, and its progression to fibrosis. In our work, we will summarize all information regarding the role of sphingolipids e.g., ceramide and S1P in MAFLD development. These sphingolipids seem to have the most significant effect on macrophages and, consequently, HSCs which trigger the entire cascade of overproduction matrix molecules, especially type I and III collagen, proteoglycans, elastin, and also tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, which as a result cause the development of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kołakowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sylwia Dziemitko
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Hubert Żywno
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Wiktor Bzdęga
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Charytoniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
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Fierli D, Aranyos A, Barone ME, Parkes R, Touzet N. Influence of exogenous phytohormone supplementation on the pigment and fatty acid content of three marine diatoms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:6195-6207. [PMID: 36040486 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Diatoms are ubiquitous photosynthetic microorganisms with great potential for biotechnological applications. However, their commercialisation is hampered by production costs, requiring hence optimisation of cultivation methods. Phytohormones are plant growth regulators which may be used to influence physiological processes in microalgae, including diatoms. In this study, the model species Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Phaeodactylaceae) and two Irish isolates of Stauroneis sp. (Stauroneidaceae) and Nitzschia sp. (Bacillariaceae) were grown with varying amounts of the phytohormones indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3), methyl jasmonate (MJ), abscisic acid (ABA) or salicylic acid (SA), and their influence on pigment and fatty acid profiles was monitored. The application of GA3 (200 mg/l) stimulated the growth of P. tricornutum which accumulated 52% more dry biomass compared to the control and concomitantly returned the highest eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) yield (0.6 mg/l). The highest fucoxanthin yield (0.18 mg/l) was obtained for P. tricornutum cultivated with GA3 (2 mg/l) supplementation. In Stauroneis sp., SA (1 mg/l) had the most positive effect on EPA, the content of which was enhanced up to 45.7 μg/mg (4.6% of total dry weight). The SA (1 mg/l) treatment also boosted carotenogenesis in Nitzschia sp., leading to 1.7- and 14-fold increases in fucoxanthin and β-carotene compared to the control, respectively. Of note, MJ (0.5 mg/l) increased the EPA content of all diatom species compared to their controls. These results indicate that phytohormone-based treatments can be used to alter the pigment and lipid content of microalgae, which tend to respond in dose- and species-specific manners to individual compounds.Key points• Response to phytohormones was investigated in diatoms from distinct families.• MJ (0.5 mg/l) caused an increase in EPA cellular content in all three diatoms.• Phytohormones mostly caused dose-dependent and species-specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fierli
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Centre for Environmental Research, Innovation and Sustainability, CERIS, Atlantic Technological University Sligo, Sligo, Ireland.
| | - Anita Aranyos
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Centre for Environmental Research, Innovation and Sustainability, CERIS, Atlantic Technological University Sligo, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Maria Elena Barone
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Centre for Environmental Research, Innovation and Sustainability, CERIS, Atlantic Technological University Sligo, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Rachel Parkes
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Centre for Environmental Research, Innovation and Sustainability, CERIS, Atlantic Technological University Sligo, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Nicolas Touzet
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Science, Centre for Environmental Research, Innovation and Sustainability, CERIS, Atlantic Technological University Sligo, Sligo, Ireland
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Li Y, Cen CQ, Liu B, Zhou L, Huang XM, Liu GY. Overexpression of circ PTK2 suppresses the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via the miR-200c/SIK2/PI3K/Akt axis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:869-878. [PMID: 35791807 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive hepatic lipid accumulation is involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A previous study showed that the circular RNA (circRNA) PTK2 was significantly downregulated in NAFLD mice. However, the detailed function of circ PTK2 in NAFLD remains unclear. A high-fat diet (HFD) was used to establish a mouse model of NAFLD, and free fatty acid (FFA) treatment was used to establish an in vitro model of NAFLD. Oil red O staining was used to evaluate lipid accumulation. The pathological changes in mice were observed by HE staining. Western blotting and RT-qPCR were applied to assess protein and mRNA levels, respectively. A dual luciferase reporter assay and RIP were used to explore the relationship among circ PTK2, miR-200c and SIK2. Circ PTK2 and SIK2 were downregulated and miR-200c was upregulated in NAFLD. Upregulation of circ PTK2 reversed lipid accumulation in FFA-treated HepG2 cells. Moreover, circ PTK2 bound to miR-200c, and SIK2 was identified as the direct target of miR-200c. Moreover, the miR-200c inhibitor-induced decrease in lipid accumulation was reversed by SIK2 knockdown. Furthermore, the impact of circ PTK2 overexpression on PI3K/Akt signaling was partially reversed by SIK2 silencing. Circ PTK2 overexpression alleviates NAFLD development via the miR-200c/SIK2/PI3K/Akt axis. Thus, our work might provide new methods for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao-Qun Cen
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang-Miao Huang
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Geng-Yan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Sun YH, Gao J, Shi JH, Cao SL, Yan ZP, Liu XD, Zhang HP, Li J, Guo WZ, Zhang SJ. Interaction analysis of FADS2 gene variants with chronic hepatitis B infection in Chinese patients. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 101:105289. [PMID: 35489698 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The risk of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is often affected by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) metabolism which is strongly influenced by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the PUFA metabolic pathway. Given this, we designed this study to determine the relationship between specific polymorphisms within fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2), a key enzyme in PUFA metabolism, and CHB infection. We completed this evaluation using a case-control study comprising 230 CHB patients and 234 unrelated healthy controls in which the genetic relationships between three previously identified SNPs, isolated via mass spectrometry, and CHB infection. Our data revealed that none of these three SNPs (rs174568, rs174601, and rs2727270) were significantly associated with susceptibility to CHB infection when compared to healthy controls. However, when we stratified our cohort by sex, male subjects with the TC genotype for FADS2 exhibited a decreased risk for CHB infection (OR = 0.62, 95%CI = 0.39-0.96; OR = 0.64, 95%CI = 0.41-1.00; OR = 0.57, 95%CI = 0.36-0.90). Furthermore, age stratification revealed that both the T allele and the TC genotypes for each of the three target SNPs were less common in Chinese CHB cases in people younger than 50 years old. Correlation analysis also revealed that there was no statistically significant relationship between these three SNPs and HBV-DNA replication or hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels. Thus, our data suggests that rs174568, rs174601, and rs2727270 may affect the CHB outcomes in various age or sex subgroups, suggesting that they may be useful predictive or diagnostic biomarkers of CHB infection in some populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Hui Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, China; Zhengzhou Engineering Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Technique and Application, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, China; Zhengzhou Engineering Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Technique and Application, China
| | - Ji-Hua Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, China; Zhengzhou Engineering Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Technique and Application, China
| | - Sheng-Li Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, China; Zhengzhou Engineering Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Technique and Application, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, China; Zhengzhou Engineering Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Technique and Application, China
| | - Xu-Dong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, China; Zhengzhou Engineering Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Technique and Application, China
| | - Hua-Peng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, China; Zhengzhou Engineering Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Technique and Application, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, China; Zhengzhou Engineering Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Technique and Application, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, China; Zhengzhou Engineering Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Technique and Application, China
| | - Shui-Jun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, China; Zhengzhou Engineering Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Technique and Application, China.
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10
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Yan LS, Zhang SF, Luo G, Cheng BCY, Zhang C, Wang YW, Qiu XY, Zhou XH, Wang QG, Song XL, Pan SY, Zhang Y. Schisandrin B mitigates hepatic steatosis and promotes fatty acid oxidation by inducing autophagy through AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Metabolism 2022; 131:155200. [PMID: 35405150 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schisandrin B (Sch B), which inhibits hepatic steatosis caused by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is one of the most active dibenzocyclooctadienes isolated from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill with various pharmacological activities. In this study, the role of Sch B-induced autophagy in lipid-lowering activities of Sch B was examined and the underlying mechanisms were elucidated. METHODS Free fatty acid (FFA)-stimulated HepG2 cells and mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs) and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were used as NAFLD models. The role of Sch B-induced autophagy in lipid-lowering effects of Sch B was assessed using ATG5/TFEB-deficient cells and 3-methyladenine (3-MA)-treated hepatocytes and mice. RESULTS Sch B simultaneously active autophagy through AMPK/mTOR pathway and decreased the number of lipid droplets in FFA-treated HepG2 cells and MPHs. Additionally, siATG5/siTFEB transfection or 3-MA treatment mitigated Sch B-induced autophagy and activation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and ketogenesis in FFA-treated HepG2 cells and MPHs. Sch B markedly decreased hepatic lipid content and activated the autophagy through AMPK/mTOR pathway in HFD-fed mice. However, the activities of Sch B were suppressed upon 3-MA treatment. Sch B upregulated the expression of key enzymes involved in FAO and ketogenesis, which was mitigated upon 3-MA treatment. Moreover, changes in hepatic lipid components and amino acids may be related to the Sch B-induced autophagy pathway. CONCLUSION These results suggested that Sch B inhibited hepatic steatosis and promoted FAO by activation of autophagy through AMPK/mTOR pathway. Our study provides novel insights into the hepatic lipophagic activity of Sch B and its potential application in the management of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Shan Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo-Feng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gan Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Brian Chi-Yan Cheng
- College of Professional and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Wei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yu Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Gao Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xue-Lan Song
- School of Traditional Dai-Thai Medicine, West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Jinghong, Yunnan, China
| | - Si-Yuan Pan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; School of Traditional Dai-Thai Medicine, West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Jinghong, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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11
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Tan J, Tang X, He Y, Xu X, Qiu D, Chen J, Zhang Q, Zhang L. In-patient Expenditure Between 2012 and 2020 Concerning Patients With Liver Cirrhosis in Chongqing: A Hospital-Based Multicenter Retrospective Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:780704. [PMID: 35350474 PMCID: PMC8957842 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.780704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cirrhosis is a major global health and economic challenge, placing a heavy economic burden on patients, families, and society. This study aimed to investigate medical expenditure trends in patients with liver cirrhosis and assess the drivers for such medical expenditure among patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods Medical expenditure data concerning patients with liver cirrhosis was collected in six tertiary hospitals in Chongqing, China, from 2012 to 2020. Trends in medical expenses over time and trends according to subgroups were described, and medical expenditure compositions were analyzed. A multiple linear regression model was constructed to evaluate the factors influencing medical expenditure. All expenditure data were reported in Chinese Yuan (CNY), based on the 2020 value, and adjusted using the year-specific health care consumer price index for Chongqing. Results Medical expenditure for 7,095 patients was assessed. The average medical expenditure per patient was 16,177 CNY. An upward trend in medical expenditure was observed in almost all patient subgroups. Drug expenses were the largest contributor to medical expenditure in 2020. A multiple linear regression model showed that insurance type, sex, age at diagnosis, marital status, length of stay, smoking status, drinking status, number of complications, autoimmune liver disease, and the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index score were significantly related to medical expenditure. Conclusion Conservative estimates suggest that the medical expenditure of patients with liver cirrhosis increased significantly from 2012 to 2020. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate targeted measures to reduce the personal burden on patients with liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Tan
- Medical Records and Statistics Room, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuewen Tang
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxin He
- Department of Medical Administration, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaomei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daoping Qiu
- Medical Records and Statistics Room, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianfei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Department of Science and Education, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingqin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Equipment, People's Hospital of Chongqing Bishan District, Chongqing, China
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12
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Heinrich L, Booijink R, Khurana A, Weiskirchen R, Bansal R. Lipoxygenases in chronic liver diseases: current insights and future perspectives. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 43:188-205. [PMID: 34961619 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases (CLDs) caused by viral infections, alcohol/drug abuse, or metabolic disorders affect millions of people globally and have increased mortality owing to the lack of approved therapies. Lipoxygenases (LOXs) are a family of multifaceted enzymes that are responsible for the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and are implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple disorders including liver diseases. This review describes the three main LOX signaling pathways - 5-, 12-, and 15-LOX - and their involvement in CLDs. We also provide recent insights and future perspectives on LOX-related hepatic pathophysiology, and discuss the potential of LOXs and LOX-derived metabolites as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CLDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Heinrich
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Center, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Richell Booijink
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Center, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Amit Khurana
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Center, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands; Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) University Hospital Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany; Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) University Hospital Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Translational Liver Research, Department of Medical Cell BioPhysics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Center, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands.
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LncRNA HOTAIR regulates the lipid accumulation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via miR-130b-3p/ROCK1 axis. Cell Signal 2021; 90:110190. [PMID: 34774989 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive hepatic lipid accumulation can lead to the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Previous study showed that upregulation of lncRNA HOTAIR significantly increased total cholesterol and triglyceride. However, the function of HOTAIR in lipid accumulation during the progression NAFLD remains unclear. METHODS High fat diet was used to mimic NAFLD in vivo, and free fatty acid was used to establish in vitro model of NAFLD. Oil red O staining was applied to test the lipid accumulation. The pathological changes in mice were observed by H&E staining. Western blot and qRT-PCR were applied to assess protein and mRNA levels, respectively. RIP assay was used to explore the relationship among HOTAIR, miR-130b-3p and ROCK1. RESULTS The level of HOTAIR was upregulated in NAFLD. Downregulation of HOTAIR reversed lipid accumulation in FFA-treated HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes. Meanwhile, HOTAIR bound with miR-130b-3p, and ROCK1 was identified to be the direct target of miR-130b-3p. Moreover, miR-130b-3p mimics-caused lipid accumulation decrease was reversed by pcDNA3.1-ROCK1. Furthermore, the effect of miR-130b-3p mimics on p-AMPK2α and ROCK1 level was partially reversed by ROCK1 overexpression. CONCLUSION Knockdown of HOTAIR significantly inhibited the progression of NAFLD through mediation of miR-130b-3p/ROCK1 axis. Our study might shed new lights on exploring new methods against NAFLD.
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14
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Adherence to a Fish-Rich Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Showing Low Viral Load: Implications for Nutritional Management. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103337. [PMID: 34684338 PMCID: PMC8541240 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is influenced by genetic (e.g., APOE polymorphisms) and environmental factors between the virus and the host. HCV modulates the host’s lipid metabolism but dietary components influence lipids and in vitro HCV RNA replication. Few data exist on the role of dietary features or patterns (DPs) in HCV infection. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the nutritional profiles of chronic HCV (CHC) and spontaneous clearance (SC) Mexican patients in the context of APOE alleles and their correlation with HCV-related variables. The fibrosis-related APOEε3 allele prevailed in CHC and SC patients, who had four DPs (“meat and soft drinks”, DP1; “processed animal and fried foods”, DP2; “Mexican-healthy”, DP3; and “fish-rich”, DP4). In CHC subjects, polyunsaturated fatty acid intake (PUFA ≥ 4.9%) was negatively associated, and fiber intake (≥21.5 g/day) was positively associated with a high viral load (p < 0.036). High adherence to fish-rich DP4 was associated with a higher frequency of CHC individuals consuming PUFA ≥ 4.9% (p = 0.004) and low viral load (p = 0.036), but a lower frequency of CHC individuals consuming fiber ≥21.5 g/day (p = 0.038). In SC and CHC individuals, modifying unhealthy DPs and targeting HCV-interacting nutrients, respectively, could be part of a nutritional management strategy to prevent further liver damage.
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Pini M, Czibik G, Sawaki D, Mezdari Z, Braud L, Delmont T, Mercedes R, Martel C, Buron N, Marcelin G, Borgne‐Sanchez A, Foresti R, Motterlini R, Henegar C, Derumeaux G. Adipose tissue senescence is mediated by increased ATP content after a short-term high-fat diet exposure. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13421. [PMID: 34278707 PMCID: PMC8373332 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of obesity, senescent cells accumulate in white adipose tissue (WAT). The cellular underpinnings of WAT senescence leading to insulin resistance are not fully elucidated. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the presence of WAT senescence early after initiation of high‐fat diet (HFD, 1–10 weeks) in 5‐month‐old male C57BL/6J mice and the potential role of energy metabolism. We first showed that WAT senescence occurred 2 weeks after HFD as evidenced in whole WAT by increased senescence‐associated ß‐galactosidase activity and cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 1A and 2A expression. WAT senescence affected various WAT cell populations, including preadipocytes, adipose tissue progenitors, and immune cells, together with adipocytes. WAT senescence was associated with higher glycolytic and mitochondrial activity leading to enhanced ATP content in HFD‐derived preadipocytes, as compared with chow diet‐derived preadipocytes. One‐month daily exercise, introduced 5 weeks after HFD, was an effective senostatic strategy, since it reversed WAT cellular senescence, while reducing glycolysis and production of ATP. Interestingly, the beneficial effect of exercise was independent of body weight and fat mass loss. We demonstrated that WAT cellular senescence is one of the earliest events occurring after HFD initiation and is intimately linked to the metabolic state of the cells. Our data uncover a critical role for HFD‐induced elevated ATP as a local danger signal inducing WAT senescence. Exercise exerts beneficial effects on adipose tissue bioenergetics in obesity, reversing cellular senescence, and metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pini
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Gabor Czibik
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Daigo Sawaki
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Zaineb Mezdari
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Laura Braud
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Thaïs Delmont
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- AP‐HP Department of Cardiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC Créteil France
| | - Raquel Mercedes
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Cécile Martel
- Mitologics S.A.S. Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Nelly Buron
- Mitologics S.A.S. Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | | | | | - Roberta Foresti
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Roberto Motterlini
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Corneliu Henegar
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
| | - Geneviève Derumeaux
- Department of Physiology Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU SENEC, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC), AP‐HP Créteil France
- Faculty of Medicine IMRB, INSERM U955 Université Paris‐Est Créteil (UPEC) Créteil France
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Maciejewska-Markiewicz D, Stachowska E, Hawryłkowicz V, Stachowska L, Prowans P. The Role of Resolvins, Protectins and Marensins in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Biomolecules 2021; 11:937. [PMID: 34202667 PMCID: PMC8301825 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased triacylglycerols' (TAG) synthesis, insulin resistance, and prolonged liver lipid storage might lead to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Global prevalence of NAFLD has been estimated to be around 25%, with gradual elevation of this ratio along with the increased content of adipose tissue in a body. The initial stages of NAFLD may be reversible, but the exposition to pathological factors should be limited. As dietary factors greatly influence various disease development, scientists try to find dietary components, helping to alleviate the steatosis. These components include n-3 polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA). This review focused on the role of resolvins, protectins and merensins in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Maciejewska-Markiewicz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (E.S.); (V.H.); (L.S.)
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (E.S.); (V.H.); (L.S.)
| | - Viktoria Hawryłkowicz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (E.S.); (V.H.); (L.S.)
| | - Laura Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland; (E.S.); (V.H.); (L.S.)
| | - Piotr Prowans
- Clinic of Plastic, Endocrine and General Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 72-009 Police, Poland;
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17
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Hu X, Shang G, Zhang J, Chen Z, Fu L, Li J, Lu X. Clinical Yi-guan decoction for liver cirrhosis: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24530. [PMID: 33787570 PMCID: PMC8021356 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, Liver Cirrhosis (LC) is common in most later liver and gallbladder diseases that its morbidity and mortality seriously affect human health. The limitation and effectiveness of western medicine on LC have become a huge clinical challenge. However, a large number of clinical studies have shown that Yi-guan decoction has become a complementary treatment for LC. Therefore, this systematic review will aim to explore the safety and feasibility of Yi-guan decoction in the treatment of LC. METHODS We will conduct a comprehensive literature search in Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Literatures Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wang Fang Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database from inception to December 2020 without any language restriction, In addition, relevant literature will be searched manually. The main subject terms searched: "Yi-guan decoction" "cirrhosis" "LC". Data entry will be performed by 2 researchers separately. Primary outcomes will be concluded: Liver function indicators: Total bilirubin, Alanine transaminase, Aspartate aminotransferase, etc. Secondary outcome indicators: Total effective rate, Nutrition index, Survival analysis, Adverse events; All randomized controlled trials collected in this study will be evaluated and rated using the Cochrane risk-of-biasassessment tool. Meta-analysis will be performed using RevMan 5.4.0 software. The heterogeneity test will be conducted between the studies, P < .1 and I2 > 50% are the thresholds for the tests. Using solid effect model or random effect model will be based on its heterogeneity value. RESULTS This systematic review provides a theoretical basis for Yi-guan decoction to treat LC, we will report this result soon. CONCLUSION This study will explore Yi-guan decoction can will be used as one of the non drug therapies to prevent or treat LC. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY2020120114.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Hu
- Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory
| | - Guangbin Shang
- Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory
| | - Jie Zhang
- Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory
| | - Zhong Chen
- Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory
| | - Liu Fu
- Research Center for Differention and Development of TCM Basic Theory
| | - Jun Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiaonan Lu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Tian J, Zhao Y, Wang L, Li L. Role of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling in heart and liver-related complications in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060521997590. [PMID: 33787393 PMCID: PMC8020098 DOI: 10.1177/0300060521997590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To analyze expression of members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)4/myeloid
differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling
pathway in the heart and liver in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM). Our overall goal was to understand the underlying pathophysiological
mechanisms. Methods We measured fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin (FINS) in a rat model of
T2DM. Expression of members of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway as
well as downstream cytokines was investigated. Levels of mRNA and protein
were assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and
western blotting, respectively. Protein content of tissue homogenates was
assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results Diabetic rats had lower body weights, higher FBG, higher FINS, and higher
intraperitoneal glucose tolerance than normal rats. In addition, biochemical
indicators related to heart and liver function were elevated in diabetic
rats compared with normal rats. TLR4 and MyD88 were involved in the
occurrence of T2DM as well as T2DM-related heart and liver complications.
TLR4 caused T2DM-related heart and liver complications through activation of
NF-κB. Conclusions TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling induces production of tumor necrosis factor-α,
interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, leading to the heart-
and liver-related complications of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- The PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, P.R. China
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19
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Zheng TX, Pu SL, Tan P, Du YC, Qian BL, Chen H, Fu WG, Huang MZ. Liver Metabolomics Reveals the Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri on Alcoholic Liver Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:595382. [PMID: 33281626 PMCID: PMC7689281 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.595382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a type of chronic liver disease that is prevalent worldwide, is still identified to have a poor prognosis despite many medical treatment protocols. Thus, it is urgent to develop and test new treatment protocols for ALD. Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) has been widely used in the clinical treatment of digestive system diseases, but studies on the protective effect of L. reuteri on ALD are considered to be rare. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the effect of L. reuteri on ALD and provide data that are significant in the development of new treatment protocols for ALD. An ALD model has been established in C57BL/6J mice treated according to the Gao-binge modeling method. Mice in the treatment group were administered with L. reuteri. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, oil red O staining, immunohistochemistry, and biochemical analyses were performed to detect the phenotypic changes in the liver among mice in the different treatment groups. L. reuteri treatment reversed inflammatory cell infiltration and lipid accumulation. Moreover, AST, ALT, TG, and TCH levels were also reduced in the probiotics-treatment group. Five candidate biomarkers were found in the liver metabolites of different treatment groups by UPLC/QTOF-MS and a multivariate analysis. Several fatty acid metabolic pathways such as linoleic acid metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism were involved. All these findings suggested that L. reuteri treatment reversed the phenotype of ethanol-induced hepatitis and metabolic disorders. These findings provide evidence that L. reuteri might serve as a new therapeutic strategy for ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Xiang Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shi-Lin Pu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Peng Tan
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi-Chao Du
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bao-Lin Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wen-Guang Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mei-Zhou Huang
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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20
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Bioactive lipids in intervertebral disc degeneration and its therapeutic implications. Biosci Rep 2020; 39:BSR20192117. [PMID: 31533969 PMCID: PMC6822496 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is not uncommon. It is estimated that approximately >60% of individuals above the age of 40 years suffer from IVD degeneration. Shan et al. showed that hyperglycemia can enhance apoptosis of anulus fibrosis cells in a JNK pathway and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway dependent fashion. Recent studies showed that IVD degeneration could be an inflammatory condition characterized by increased production of matrix metalloproteinases, TNF-α, nitric oxide, IL-6, IL-17, IL-9, and prostaglandin E2, and decreased formation of anti-inflammatory molecules such as lipoxin A4. This imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules seem to activate JNK pathway and p38 MAPK pathway to induce apoptosis of anulus fibrosis and nucleus pulposus cells. The activation of production of PGE2 (due to activation of COX-2 pathway) seems to be dependent on p38/c-Fos and JNK/c-Jun activation in an AP-1-dependent manner. These results imply that suppressing pro-inflammatory events in the disc by either augmenting anti-inflammatory events or suppressing production of pro-inflammatory molecules or both may form a logical step in the prevention and management of IVD degeneration.
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Das UN. Bioactive Lipids in COVID-19-Further Evidence. Arch Med Res 2020; 52:107-120. [PMID: 32981754 PMCID: PMC7480223 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previously, I suggested that arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4 n-6) and similar bioactive lipids (BALs) inactivate SARS-CoV-2 and thus, may be of benefit in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. This proposal is supported by the observation that (i) macrophages and T cells (including NK cells, cytotoxic killer cells and other immunocytes) release AA and other BALs especially in the lungs to inactivate various microbes; (ii) pro-inflammatory metabolites prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotrienes (LTs) and anti-inflammatory lipoxin A4 (LXA4) derived from AA (similarly, resolvins, protectins and maresins derived from eicosapentaenoic acid: EPA and docosahexaenoic acid: DHA) facilitate the generation of M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages respectively; (iii) AA, PGE2, LXA4 and other BALs inhibit interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) synthesis; (iv) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are of benefit in COVID-19 elaborate LXA4 to bring about their beneficial actions and (v) subjects with insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary heart disease and the elderly have significantly low plasma concentrations of AA and LXA4 that may render them more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and cytokine storm that is associated with increased mortality seen in COVID-19. Statins, colchicine, and corticosteroids that appear to be of benefit in COVID-19 can influence BALs metabolism. AA, and other BALs influence cell membrane fluidity and thus, regulate ACE-2 (angiotensin converting enzyme-2) receptors (the ligand through which SARS-CoV2 enters the cell) receptors. These observations lend support to the contention that administration of BALs especially, AA could be of significant benefit in prevention and management of COVI-19 and other enveloped viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N Das
- UND Life Sciences, Battle Ground, WA, USA; BioScience Research Centre and Department of Medicine, GVP Medical College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, India.
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22
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Zou LY, Hu N, Wang N, Wang HL. Hepatoprotective Activities of Polysaccharide From the Fruit of Ribes odoratum Wendl. on High-Fat-Sucrose Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20946935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the hepatoprotective activities of a polysaccharide extracted from the fruit of Ribes odoratum Wendl. (ROWFP) in a mouse model of high-fat-sucrose diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The NAFLD model was induced in C57BL/6 mice by feeding them an HFD for 12 weeks. The mice were randomly divided into the following 5 groups: control group, HFD group, 10-mg/kg ROWFP group, 100-mg/kg ROWFP group, and 200-mg/kg ROWFP group. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the serum were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The liver ultrastructure was observed via optical microscopy. The oil red O-stained lipid droplets of the fresh liver samples were analyzed, and the lipid content was semiquantified. CD68 expression in the liver tissue and serum levels of the inflammatory factors (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) were measured to reflect the inflammation status. The degree of liver fibrosis was determined by sirius red staining. When compared with the control group, the levels of AST, ALT, TG, TC, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CD68 in the HFD group were increased, while the HDL level was decreased. Severe liver damage, lipid accumulation, and liver fibrosis were also observed in the HFD model group. When compared with the model group, ROWFP treatment (100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the HFD-induced hepatic damage. This study supports the hepatoprotective effect of ROWFP against HFD-induced NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-you Zou
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research of Qinghai Province, Xining, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Na Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research of Qinghai Province, Xining, P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, P. R. China
- Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Xining, P. R. China
| | - Hong-lun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research of Qinghai Province, Xining, P. R. China
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Møller S, Kimer N, Barløse M, Bendtsen F. Pathophysiological-based treatments of complications of cirrhosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:383-394. [PMID: 32233873 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2020.1744709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Detailed knowledge and understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and changes in hepatic and splanchnic function leading to the development of haemodynamic changes and portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis are essential since it guides the search for targets to ameliorate liver-related abnormalities. Recent research has focused on the gut-liver axis, changes in intestinal permeability, translocation of bacterial products, and inflammation as important drivers of haemodynamic alterations and thereby targets for treatment. Additionally, treatment strategies should focus on microbiotic modulation, antiangiogenics, anti-inflammatory strategies, and modulation of bile acid metabolism. This paper aims to review contemporary pathophysiological-based treatment principles of the major complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension and future targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Møller
- Department Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Nina Kimer
- Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Hvidovre Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Bridge Translational Excellence Programme, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Barløse
- Department Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Flemming Bendtsen
- Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Hvidovre Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract
Our own studies and those of others have shown that defects in essential fatty acid (EFA) metabolism occurs in age-related disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, immune dysfunction and cancer. It has been noted that in all these disorders there could occur a defect in the activities of desaturases, cyclo-oxygenase (COX), and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes leading to a decrease in the formation of their long-chain products gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). This leads to an increase in the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), thromboxanes (TXs), and leukotrienes (LTs) and a decrease in anti-inflammatory lipoxin A4, resolvins, protectins and maresins. All these bioactive molecules are termed as bioactive lipids (BALs). This imbalance in the metabolites of EFAs leads to low-grade systemic inflammation and at times acute inflammatory events at specific local sites that trigger the development of various age-related disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, and immune dysfunction as seen in rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, nephritis and other localized inflammatory conditions. This evidence implies that methods designed to restore BALs to normal can prevent age-related disorders and enhance longevity and health.
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ten Hove M, Pater L, Storm G, Weiskirchen S, Weiskirchen R, Lammers T, Bansal R. The hepatic lipidome: From basic science to clinical translation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:180-197. [PMID: 32615143 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the key organ involved in lipid metabolism and transport. Excessive lipid accumulation due to dysregulated lipid metabolism predisposes the liver to steatosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Lipids are generally compartmentalized in specialized organelles called lipid droplets that enable cells to store and release lipids in a regulated manner. However, during flux-in and flux-out of droplets, lipids are converted into toxic species leading to lipid-mediated liver damage. Lipids are categorized into 'toxic' or 'healthy' lipids that are involved in liver disease pathogenesis or resolution, respectively. Lipidomic analysis have revealed unique lipid signature that correlates with the disease progression therefore being used for disease diagnosis. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview on hepatic lipid homeostasis, lipid compartmentalization mechanisms and lipidomic profiles in different liver diseases. We further discuss promising therapeutics targeting the hepatic lipidome including pro-resolving lipids, liposomes, and small-molecule inhibitors for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Pei C, Wu CZ, Hsieh CH, Chang JB, Liang YJ, Chen YL, Pei D, Lin JD. Protective Effect of Hepatitis B Against Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease But Not in Normal Individuals. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2019; 17:458-464. [PMID: 31545133 DOI: 10.1089/met.2019.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Both hepatitis B (HB) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are related to metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, this relationship remains controversial. In this study, we determined the effects of NAFLD and HB infection on the risk of MetS among elderly individuals. Methods: In total, 24,500 individuals aged >65 years were enrolled; they were classified into four groups: normal individuals (N), patients with only HB infection without abnormal echogenicity (HB-alone), patients with only abnormal echogenicity or fatty liver alone (FL-alone), and patients with both HB infection and abnormal echogenicity (HB-FL). Results: After adjustment for age, compared with group N, men and women with NAFLD (FL-alone and HB-FL) had a significantly higher risk of MetS, whereas no significant difference was observed in the incidence of MetS between groups HB-alone and N. However, group HB-FL had a lower risk of MetS than did group FL-alone. HB infection (HB-alone and HB-FL) was associated with a lower risk of high triglycerides (TGs) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) than HB infection absence (groups N and FL-alone) in men and women. Lower risk of TG derangement was observed in group HB-alone than in group N. In addition, both men and women in group HB-FL had a lower risk of TG and FPG abnormalities than in group FL-alone, whereas a decrease in incidence of high waist circumference and blood pressure was observed only in men. Conclusion: HB infection protects against MetS development, only in patients with HB infection and NAFLD, but not in normal individuals. Additional studies are warranted to clarify the pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Pei
- Department of Rehabilitation Treatment, School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chung-Ze Wu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chang-Hsun Hsieh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical School, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jin-Biou Chang
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Division of Clinical Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yao-Jen Liang
- Department and Institute of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Catholic Fu Jen University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Dee Pei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic Hospital, School of Medicine, Catholic Fu Jen University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiunn-Diann Lin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
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