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Thiel G, Rössler OG. Signal Transduction of Transient Receptor Potential TRPM8 Channels: Role of PIP5K, Gq-Proteins, and c-Jun. Molecules 2024; 29:2602. [PMID: 38893478 PMCID: PMC11174004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin-8 (TRPM8) is a cation channel that is activated by cold and "cooling agents" such as menthol and icilin, which induce a cold sensation. The stimulation of TRPM8 activates an intracellular signaling cascade that ultimately leads to a change in the gene expression pattern of the cells. Here, we investigate the TRPM8-induced signaling pathway that links TRPM8 channel activation to gene transcription. Using a pharmacological approach, we show that the inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5 kinase α (PIP5K), an enzyme essential for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, attenuates TRPM8-induced gene transcription. Analyzing the link between TRPM8 and Gq proteins, we show that the pharmacological inhibition of the βγ subunits impairs TRPM8 signaling. In addition, genetic studies show that TRPM8 requires an activated Gα subunit for signaling. In the nucleus, the TRPM8-induced signaling cascade triggers the activation of the transcription factor AP-1, a complex consisting of a dimer of basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors. Here, we identify the bZIP protein c-Jun as an essential component of AP-1 within the TRPM8-induced signaling cascade. In summary, with PIP5K, Gq subunits, and c-Jun, we identified key molecules in TRPM8-induced signaling from the plasma membrane to the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Thiel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
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2
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Arnold RA, Fowler DK, Peters JH. TRPV1 enhances cholecystokinin signaling in primary vagal afferent neurons and mediates the central effects on spontaneous glutamate release in the NTS. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C112-C124. [PMID: 38047304 PMCID: PMC11192538 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00409.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The gut peptide cholecystokinin (CCK) is released during feeding and promotes satiation by increasing excitation of vagal afferent neurons that innervate the upper gastrointestinal tract. Vagal afferent neurons express CCK1 receptors (CCK1Rs) in the periphery and at central terminals in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). While the effects of CCK have been studied for decades, CCK receptor signaling and coupling to membrane ion channels are not entirely understood. Previous findings have implicated L-type voltage-gated calcium channels as well as transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in mediating the effects of CCK, but the lack of selective pharmacology has made determining the contributions of these putative mediators difficult. The nonselective ion channel transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) is expressed throughout vagal afferent neurons and controls many forms of signaling, including spontaneous glutamate release onto NTS neurons. Here we tested the hypothesis that CCK1Rs couple directly to TRPV1 to mediate vagal signaling using fluorescent calcium imaging and brainstem electrophysiology. We found that CCK signaling at high concentrations (low-affinity binding) was potentiated in TRPV1-containing afferents and that TRPV1 itself mediated the enhanced CCK1R signaling. While competitive antagonism of TRPV1 failed to alter CCK1R signaling, TRPV1 pore blockade or genetic deletion (TRPV1 KO) significantly reduced the CCK response in cultured vagal afferents and eliminated its ability to increase spontaneous glutamate release in the NTS. Together, these results establish that TRPV1 mediates the low-affinity effects of CCK on vagal afferent activation and control of synaptic transmission in the brainstem.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cholecystokinin (CCK) signaling via the vagus nerve reduces food intake and produces satiation, yet the signaling cascades mediating these effects remain unknown. Here we report that the capsaicin receptor transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) potentiates CCK signaling in the vagus and mediates the ability of CCK to control excitatory synaptic transmission in the nucleus of the solitary tract. These results may prove useful in the future development of CCK/TRPV1-based therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Arnold
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Daniel K Fowler
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - James H Peters
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
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3
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Haan KD, Park SJ, Nakamura Y, Fukami K, Fisher TE. Osmotically evoked PLCδ1-dependent translocation of ΔN-TRPV1 channels in rat supraoptic neurons. iScience 2023; 26:106258. [PMID: 36926650 PMCID: PMC10011827 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Osmoregulation is an essential homeostatic process that requires constant release of vasopressin during sustained increases in plasma osmolality. The magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) respond to increases in external osmolality through increases in the activity of ΔN-TRPV1 channels, which leads to increased action potential firing and vasopressin release. We show that sustained exposure of acutely isolated rat and mouse MNCs to hypertonic solutions (90 min) causes a reversible translocation of ΔN-TRPV1 channels from internal stores to the plasma membrane that depends on the activation of phospholipase C and on SNARE-dependent exocytosis. ΔN-TRPV1 channel translocation is absent in MNCs isolated from transgenic mice lacking the PLCδ1 isoform, suggesting that PLCδ1 is essential for triggering this process. The translocation of ΔN-TRPV1 channels to the cell surface could contribute to the maintenance of MNC excitability during sustained increases in osmolality. Our data therefore have important implications for the mechanisms underlying mammalian osmoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk D Haan
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Sung Jin Park
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Yoshikazu Nakamura
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Fukami
- Laboratory of Genome and Biosignals, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thomas E Fisher
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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4
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Vestuto V, Di Sarno V, Musella S, Di Dona G, Moltedo O, Gomez-Monterrey IM, Bertamino A, Ostacolo C, Campiglia P, Ciaglia T. New Frontiers on ER Stress Modulation: Are TRP Channels the Leading Actors? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:185. [PMID: 36613628 PMCID: PMC9820239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic structure, playing multiple roles including calcium storage, protein synthesis and lipid metabolism. During cellular stress, variations in ER homeostasis and its functioning occur. This condition is referred as ER stress and generates a cascade of signaling events termed unfolded protein response (UPR), activated as adaptative response to mitigate the ER stress condition. In this regard, calcium levels play a pivotal role in ER homeostasis and therefore in cell fate regulation since calcium signaling is implicated in a plethora of physiological processes, but also in disease conditions such as neurodegeneration, cancer and metabolic disorders. A large body of emerging evidence highlighted the functional role of TRP channels and their ability to promote cell survival or death depending on endoplasmic reticulum stress resolution, making them an attractive target. Thus, in this review we focused on the TRP channels' correlation to UPR-mediated ER stress in disease pathogenesis, providing an overview of their implication in the activation of this cellular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Vestuto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Veronica Di Sarno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Simona Musella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Giorgio Di Dona
- Pineta Grande Hospital, Via Domiziana, km 30/00, 81030 Castel Volturno, CE, Italy
| | - Ornella Moltedo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Bertamino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Carmine Ostacolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno, Via S. De Renzi 50, 84125 Salerno, SA, Italy
| | - Tania Ciaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
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5
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Hulme L, Hochstetler A, Schwerk C, Schroten H, Ishikawa H, Tung CY, Perrin B, Blazer-Yost B. Characterization of TRPV4-mediated signaling pathways in an optimized human choroid plexus epithelial cell line. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1823-C1842. [PMID: 35938676 PMCID: PMC9744646 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00193.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of these studies were twofold: 1) to characterize the human choroid plexus papilloma (HIBCPP) cell line as a model of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) via morphology, tightness, and polarization of transporters in choroid plexus epithelia (CPe), and 2) to utilize Ussing-style electrophysiology to elucidate signaling pathways associated with the activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel involved in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion. RT-PCR was implemented to determine gene expression of cell fate markers, junctional complex proteins, and transporters of interest. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal three-dimensional renderings of cultures grown on permeable supports were utilized to delineate the morphology of the brush border, junctional complexes, and polarization of key transporters. Electrophysiology was used to understand and explore TRPV4-mediated signaling in the HIBCPP cell line, considering both short-circuit current (Isc) and conductance responses. HIBCPP cells grown under optimized culture conditions exhibited minimal multilayering, developed an intermediate resistance monolayer, retained differentiation properties, and expressed, and correctly localized, junctional proteins and native transporters. We found that activation of TRPV4 resulted in a robust, multiphasic change in electrogenic ion flux and increase in conductance accompanied by substantial fluid secretion. This response appears to be modulated by a number of different effectors, implicating phospholipase C (PLC), protein kinase C (PKC), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) in TRPV4-mediated ion flux. The HIBCPP cell line is a representative model of the human BCSFB, which can be utilized for studies of transporter function, intracellular signaling, and regulation of CSF production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Hulme
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Alexandra Hochstetler
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Horst Schroten
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Chun-Yu Tung
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Benjamin Perrin
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Bonnie Blazer-Yost
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
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6
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Expression of the C-Terminal Domain of Phospholipase Cβ3 Inhibits Signaling via Gαq-Coupled Receptors and Transient Receptor Potential Channels. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179590. [PMID: 36076982 PMCID: PMC9455670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are cation channels that play a regulatory role in pain and thermosensation, insulin secretion, and neurotransmission. It has been proposed that activation of TRP channels requires phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, the major substrate for phospholipase C (PLC). We investigated whether inhibition of PLCβ has an impact on TRP channel signaling. A genetic approach was used to avoid off-target effects observed when using a pharmacological PLCβ inhibitor. In this study, we show that expression of PLCβ1ct and PLCβ3ct, truncated forms of PLCβ1 or PLCβ3 that contain the C-terminal membrane binding domains, almost completely blocked the signal transduction of a Gαq-coupled designer receptor, including the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. In contrast, expression of the helix-turn-helix motif (Hα1—Hα2) of the proximal C-terminal domain of PLCβ3 did not affect Gαq-coupled receptor signaling. PLCβ3ct expression impaired signaling of the TRP channels TRPM3 and TRPM8, stimulated with either prognenolone sulfate or icilin. Thus, the C-terminal domain of PLCβ3 interacts with plasma membrane targets, most likely phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, and in this way blocks the biological activation of TRPM3 and TRPM8, which require interaction with this phospholipid. PLCβ thus regulates TRPM3 and TRPM8 channels by masking phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate with its C-terminal domain.
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7
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Ptakova A, Mitro M, Zimova L, Vlachova V. Cellular context determines primary characteristics of human TRPC5 as a cold-activated channel. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3614-3626. [PMID: 35762104 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The human transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5) is a calcium-permeable, nonselective cation channel expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system and also in other tissues such as the kidney, synovium, and odontoblasts. TRPC5 has been recently confirmed to play a key role in spontaneous, inflammatory mechanical, and cold pain. Although TRPC5 activation is known to be cold sensitive, it is unclear whether this property is intrinsic to the channel protein and whether or to what extent it may be determined by the cellular environment. In this study, we explored the cold sensitivity of human TRPC5 at the single-channel level using transiently transfected HEK293T cells. Upon decreasing the temperature, the channel demonstrated prolonged mean open dwell times and a robust increase in the open probability (Po ), whereas the amplitude of unitary currents decreased ~1.5-fold per 10°C of temperature difference. In the absence of any agonists, the temperature dependence of Po was sigmoidal, with a steep slope within the temperature range of 16°C-11°C, and exhibited saturation below 8-5°C. Thermodynamic analysis revealed significant changes in enthalpy and entropy, suggesting that substantial conformational changes accompany cold-induced gating. The mutant channel T970A, in which the regulation downstream of G-protein coupled receptor signaling was abrogated, exhibited higher basal activity at room temperature and a less steep temperature response profile, with an apparent threshold below 22°C. An even more pronounced decrease in the activation threshold was observed in a mutant that disrupted the electrostatic interaction of TRPC5 with the endoplasmic reticulum calcium sensor stromal interaction molecule 1. Thus, TRPC5 exhibits features of an intrinsically cold-gated channel; its sensitivity to cold tightly depends on the phosphorylation status of the protein and intracellular calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ptakova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Mitro
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Zimova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Viktorie Vlachova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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8
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Critical contributions of pre-S1 shoulder and distal TRP box in DAG-activated TRPC6 channel by PIP 2 regulation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10766. [PMID: 35750783 PMCID: PMC9232555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2 or PIP2) regulates the activities of numerous membrane proteins, including diacylglycerol(DAG)-activated TRPC3/6/7 channels. Although PIP2 binding is known to support DAG-activated TRP channel activity, its binding site remains unknown. We screened for PIP2 binding sites within TRPC6 channels through extensive mutagenesis. Using voltage-sensitive phosphatase (DrVSP), we found that Arg437 and Lys442, located in the channel’s pre-S1 domain/shoulder, are crucial for interaction with PIP2. To gain structural insights, we conducted computer protein–ligand docking simulations with the pre-S1 domain/shoulder of TRPC6 channels. Further, the functional significance of PIP2 binding to the pre-S1 shoulder was assessed for receptor-operated channel functions, cross-reactivity to DAG activation, and the kinetic model simulation. These results revealed that basic residues in the pre-S1 domain/shoulder play a central role in the regulation of PIP2-dependent gating. In addition, neutralizing mutation of K771 in the distal TRP box reversed the effect of PIP2 depletion from inhibiting to potentiating channel activity. A similar effect was seen in TRPV1 channels, which suggests that TRPC6 possesses a common but robust polarity switch mediating the PIP2-dependent effect. Overall, these mutagenesis studies reveal functional and structural insights for how basic residues and channel segments in TRP channels are controlled through phosphoinositides recognition.
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9
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Eustace AJ, Lee MJ, Colley G, Roban J, Downing T, Buchanan PJ. Aberrant calcium signalling downstream of mutations in TP53 and the PI3K/AKT pathway genes promotes disease progression and therapy resistance in triple negative breast cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:560-576. [PMID: 36176752 PMCID: PMC9511797 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized as an aggressive form of breast cancer (BC) associated with poor patient outcomes. For the majority of patients, there is a lack of approved targeted therapies. Therefore, chemotherapy remains a key treatment option for these patients, but significant issues around acquired resistance limit its efficacy. Thus, TNBC has an unmet need for new targeted personalized medicine approaches. Calcium (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous second messenger that is known to control a range of key cellular processes by mediating signalling transduction and gene transcription. Changes in Ca2+ through altered calcium channel expression or activity are known to promote tumorigenesis and treatment resistance in a range of cancers including BC. Emerging evidence shows that this is mediated by Ca2+ modulation, supporting the function of tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) and oncogenes. This review provides insight into the underlying alterations in calcium signalling and how it plays a key role in promoting disease progression and therapy resistance in TNBC which harbours mutations in tumour protein p53 (TP53) and the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Eustace
- DCU Cancer Research, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- National Institute Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Min Jie Lee
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Grace Colley
- National Institute Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Jack Roban
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Tim Downing
- DCU Cancer Research, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
| | - Paul J. Buchanan
- DCU Cancer Research, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- National Institute Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy, and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin D9, Ireland
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10
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Role of TRPM2 in brain tumours and potential as a drug target. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:759-770. [PMID: 34108651 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are ubiquitously expressed in almost all living cells, and are the third-largest category of drug targets, following enzymes and receptors. The transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) subfamily of ion channels are important to cell function and survival. Studies have shown upregulation of the TRPM family of ion channels in various brain tumours. Gliomas are the most prevalent form of primary malignant brain tumours with no effective treatment; thus, drug development is eagerly needed. TRPM2 is an essential ion channel for cell function and has important roles in oxidative stress and inflammation. In response to oxidative stress, ADP-ribose (ADPR) is produced, and in turn activates TRPM2 by binding to the NUDT9-H domain on the C-terminal. TRPM2 has been implicated in various cancers and is significantly upregulated in brain tumours. This article reviews the current understanding of TRPM2 in the context of brain tumours and overviews the effects of potential drug therapies targeting TRPM2 including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), curcumin, docetaxel and selenium, paclitaxel and resveratrol, and botulinum toxin. It is long withstanding knowledge that gliomas are difficult to treat effectively, therefore investigating TRPM2 as a potential therapeutic target for brain tumours may be of considerable interest in the fields of ion channels and pharmacology.
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11
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Abdinghoff J, Servello D, Jacobs T, Beckmann A, Tschernig T. Evaluation of the presence of TRPC6 channels in human vessels: A pilot study using immunohistochemistry. Biomed Rep 2022; 16:42. [PMID: 35371476 PMCID: PMC8972230 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The TRPC6 channel is permeable to calcium ions as well as other ions and plays an important role in the physiology and pathophysiology of vessels. Findings from animal and cell culture experiments have shown its involvement in important vascular processes such as the Bayliss effect or endothelial-mediated vasodilatation. Furthermore, the relevance of TRPC6 channels in humans has become apparent based on diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and atherosclerosis, amongst others. However, histological evidence that systematically detects TRPC6 channels in human vessels has not been provided to date. In this study, 40 vessel sections from nine body donors were obtained, processed and stained with a knockout-validated antibody against the TRPC6 protein using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. More than half of the samples yielded evidence of TRPC6 channel expression in the intima and adventitia. TRPC6 channels were detected in the tunica media in only one of 40 cases. TRPC6 detection in the human intima confirmed several demonstrated physiological aspects of the TRPC6 channels in the vasculature and may also be involved in associated human diseases. The near absence of TRPC6 channels in the tunica media was in contrast to a view that is primarily based on animal studies, from which its presence was assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Abdinghoff
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Medical Campus, D‑66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Davide Servello
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Medical Campus, D‑66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Tobias Jacobs
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Medical Campus, D‑66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Anja Beckmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Medical Campus, D‑66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Thomas Tschernig
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Medical Campus, D‑66424 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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12
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Duitama M, Moreno Y, Santander SP, Casas Z, Sutachan JJ, Torres YP, Albarracín SL. TRP Channels as Molecular Targets to Relieve Cancer Pain. Biomolecules 2021; 12:1. [PMID: 35053150 PMCID: PMC8774023 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are critical receptors in the transduction of nociceptive stimuli. The microenvironment of diverse types of cancer releases substances, including growth factors, neurotransmitters, and inflammatory mediators, which modulate the activity of TRPs through the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways. The modulation of TRP channels is associated with the peripheral sensitization observed in patients with cancer, which results in mild noxious sensory stimuli being perceived as hyperalgesia and allodynia. Secondary metabolites derived from plant extracts can induce the activation, blocking, and desensitization of TRP channels. Thus, these compounds could act as potential therapeutic agents, as their antinociceptive properties could be beneficial in relieving cancer-derived pain. In this review, we will summarize the role of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in pain associated with cancer and discuss molecules that have been reported to modulate these channels, focusing particularly on the mechanisms of channel activation associated with molecules released in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Duitama
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Yurany Moreno
- Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Sandra Paola Santander
- Phytoimmunomodulation Research Group, Juan N. Corpas University Foundation, Bogotá 111111, Colombia;
| | - Zulma Casas
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Jhon Jairo Sutachan
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Yolima P. Torres
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
| | - Sonia L. Albarracín
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.J.S.)
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13
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Jones CA, Hazlehurst LA. Role of Calcium Homeostasis in Modulating EMT in Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1200. [PMID: 34572386 PMCID: PMC8471317 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium is essential for cells to perform numerous physiological processes. In cancer, the augmentation of calcium signaling supports the more proliferative and migratory cells, which is a characteristic of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). By genetically and epigenetically modifying genes, channels, and entire signaling pathways, cancer cells have adapted to survive with an extreme imbalance of calcium that allows them to grow and metastasize in an abnormal manner. This cellular remodeling also allows for the evasion of immune surveillance and the development of drug resistance, which lead to poor prognosis in patients. Understanding the role calcium flux plays in driving the phenotypes associated with invasion, immune suppression, metastasis, and drug resistance remains critical for determining treatments to optimize clinical outcomes and future drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lori A. Hazlehurst
- Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
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14
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Carver CM, DeWitt HR, Stoja AP, Shapiro MS. Blockade of TRPC Channels Limits Cholinergic-Driven Hyperexcitability and Seizure Susceptibility After Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:681144. [PMID: 34489621 PMCID: PMC8416999 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.681144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the contribution of excitatory transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) cation channels to posttraumatic hyperexcitability in the brain 7 days following controlled cortical impact model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) to the parietal cortex in male adult mice. We investigated if TRPC1/TRPC4/TRPC5 channel expression is upregulated in excitatory neurons after TBI in contribution to epileptogenic hyperexcitability in key hippocampal and cortical circuits that have substantial cholinergic innervation. This was tested by measuring TRPC1/TRPC4/TRPC5 protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, assays of cholinergic function, neuronal Ca2+ imaging in brain slices, and seizure susceptibility after TBI. We found region-specific increases in expression of TRPC1, TRPC4, and TRPC5 subunits in the hippocampus and cortex following TBI. The dentate gyrus, CA3 region, and cortex all exhibited robust upregulation of TRPC4 mRNA and protein. TBI increased cFos activity in dentate gyrus granule cells (DGGCs) and layer 5 pyramidal neurons both at the time of TBI and 7 days post-TBI. DGGCs displayed greater magnitude and duration of acetylcholine-induced rises in intracellular Ca2+ in brain slices from mice subjected to TBI. The TBI mice also exhibited greater seizure susceptibility in response to pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling. Blockade of TRPC4/TRPC5 channels with M084 reduced neuronal hyperexcitation and impeded epileptogenic progression of kindling. We observed that the time-dependent upregulation of TRPC4/TRPC5-containing channels alters cholinergic responses and activity of principal neurons acting to increase proexcitatory sensitivity. The underlying mechanism includes acutely decreased acetylcholinesterase function, resulting in greater Gq/11-coupled muscarinic receptor activation of TRPC channels. Overall, our evidence suggests that TBI-induced plasticity of TRPC channels strongly contributes to overt hyperexcitability and primes the hippocampus and cortex for seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase M Carver
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Haley R DeWitt
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Aiola P Stoja
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Mark S Shapiro
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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15
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Rimola V, Osthues T, Königs V, Geißlinger G, Sisignano M. Oxaliplatin Causes Transient Changes in TRPM8 Channel Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4962. [PMID: 34066977 PMCID: PMC8125753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is a third-generation platinum-based anticancer drug that is widely used as first-line treatment for colorectal carcinoma. Patients treated with oxaliplatin develop an acute peripheral pain several hours after treatment, mostly characterized by cold allodynia as well as a long-term chronic neuropathy. These two phenomena seem to be causally connected. However, the underlying mechanisms that trigger the acute peripheral pain are still poorly understood. Here we show that the activity of the transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channel but not the activity of any other member of the TRP channel family is transiently increased 1 h after oxaliplatin treatment and decreased 24 h after oxaliplatin treatment. Mechanistically, this is connected with activation of the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway and depletion of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) after oxaliplatin treatment. Inhibition of the PLC pathway can reverse the decreased TRPM8 activity as well as the decreased PIP2-concentrations after oxaliplatin treatment. In summary, these results point out transient changes in TRPM8 activity early after oxaliplatin treatment and a later occurring TRPM8 channel desensitization in primary sensory neurons. These mechanisms may explain the transient cold allodynia after oxaliplatin treatment and highlight an important role of TRPM8 in oxaliplatin-induced acute and neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Rimola
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (V.R.); (G.G.)
| | - Tabea Osthues
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.O.); (V.K.)
| | - Vanessa Königs
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.O.); (V.K.)
| | - Gerd Geißlinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (V.R.); (G.G.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.O.); (V.K.)
| | - Marco Sisignano
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (V.R.); (G.G.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (T.O.); (V.K.)
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16
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Cheng KJ, Liang WZ. Influence of a bearing-wastewater phenolic compound (3,4-dimethylphenol, 3,4-DMP) treatment on Ca 2+ homeostasis and its related cytotoxicity in human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1899-1908. [PMID: 33906515 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211013453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A lot of phenolic compounds are widespread in industrial effluents and they are considerable environmental pollutants. Being a compound commercially available, the effect of a bearing-wastewater phenolic compound 3,4-dimethylphenol (3,4-DMP) on Ca2+ homeostasis and its related physiology has not been explored in cultured human kidney cell models. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of 3,4-DMP on [Ca2+]i and viability in HK-2 human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells. In terms of Ca2+ signaling, 3,4-DMP (5-100 μM) induced [Ca2+]i rises only in HK-2 cells and Ca2+ removal reduced the signal by 40%. In Ca2+-containing medium, 3,4-DMP-induced Ca2+ entry was inhibited by 20% by a modulator of store-operated Ca2+ channels (2-APB), and by a PKC activator (PMA) and inhibitor (GF109203X). Moreover, 3,4-DMP-induced Mn2+ influx suggesting of Ca2+ entry. In Ca2+-free medium, inhibition of PLC with U73122 abolished 3,4-DMP-induced [Ca2+]i rises. Furthermore, treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor thapsigargin abolished 3,4-DMP-evoked [Ca2+]i rises. Conversely, treatment with 3,4-DMP abolished thapsigargin-evoked [Ca2+]i rises. Regarding to cell viability, 3,4-DMP (60-140 μM) killed cells in a concentration-dependent fashion in HK-2 cells. Chelation of cytosolic Ca2+ with BAPTA-AM partially reversed cytotoxicity of 3,4-DMP. Collectively, our data suggest that in HK-2 cells, 3,4-DMP-induced [Ca2+]i rises by evoking Ca2+ entry via PKC-sensitive store-operated Ca2+ entry and PLC-dependent Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum. 3,4-DMP also caused cytotoxicity that was linked to preceding [Ca2+]i rises. Our findings provide new insight into the cytotoxic effects of 3,4-DMP and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-J Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, 210825Kaohsiung Municipal United Hospital, Kaohsiung.,Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung
| | - W-Z Liang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, 63299Tajen University, Pingtung County, Taiwan
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17
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Boyle CA, Hu B, Quaintance KL, Lei S. Involvement of TRPC5 channels, inwardly rectifying K + channels, PLCβ and PIP 2 in vasopressin-mediated excitation of medial central amygdala neurons. J Physiol 2021; 599:3101-3119. [PMID: 33871877 DOI: 10.1113/jp281260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Activation of V1a vasopressin receptors facilitates neuronal excitability in the medial nucleus of central amygdala (CeM) V1a receptor activation excites about 80% CeM neurons by opening a cationic conductance and about 20% CeM neurons by suppressing an inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channel The cationic conductance activated by V1a receptors is identified as TRPC5 channels PLCβ-mediated depletion of PIP2 is involved in V1a receptor-elicited excitation of CeM neurons Intracellular Ca2+ release and PKC are unnecessary for V1a receptor-mediated excitation of CeM neurons ABSTRACT: Arginine vasopressin (AVP) serves as a hormone in the periphery to modulate water homeostasis and a neuromodulator in the brain to regulate a diverse range of functions including anxiety, social behaviour, cognitive activities and nociception. The amygdala is an essential brain region involved in modulating defensive and appetitive behaviours, pain and alcohol use disorders. Whereas activation of V1a receptors in the medial nucleus of the central amygdala (CeM) increases neuronal excitability, the involved ionic and signalling mechanisms have not been determined. We found that activation of V1a receptors in the CeM facilitated neuronal excitability predominantly by opening TRPC5 channels, although AVP excited about one fifth of the CeM neurons via suppressing an inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channel. G proteins and phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ) were required for AVP-elicited excitation of CeM neurons, whereas intracellular Ca2+ release and the activity of protein kinase C were unnecessary. Prevention of the depletion of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2 ) blocked AVP-induced excitation of CeM neurons, suggesting that PLCβ-mediated depletion of PIP2 is involved in AVP-mediated excitation of CeM neurons. Our results may provide a cellular and molecular mechanism to explain the anxiogenic effects of AVP in the amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody A Boyle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND58203, USA
| | - Binqi Hu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND58203, USA
| | - Kati L Quaintance
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND58203, USA
| | - Saobo Lei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND58203, USA
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18
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Transient receptor potential channel regulation by growth factors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:118950. [PMID: 33421536 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.118950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is one of the most universal secondary messengers, owing its success to the immense concentration gradient across the plasma membrane. Dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis can result in severe cell dysfunction, thereby initiating several pathologies like tumorigenesis and fibrosis. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels represent a superfamily of Ca2+-permeable ion channels that convey diverse physical and chemical stimuli into a physiological signal. Their broad expression pattern and gating promiscuity support their potential involvement in the cellular response to an altering environment. Growth factors (GF) are essential biochemical messengers that contribute to these environmental changes. Since Ca2+ is essential in GF signaling, altering TRP channel expression or function could be a valid strategy for GF to exert their effect onto their target. In this review, a comprehensive understanding of the current knowledge regarding the activation and/or modulation of TRP channels by GF is presented.
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19
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Maietta V, Reyes-García J, Yadav VR, Zheng YM, Peng X, Wang YX. Cellular and Molecular Processes in Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1304:21-38. [PMID: 34019261 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68748-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive lung disease characterized by persistent pulmonary vasoconstriction. Another well-recognized characteristic of PH is the muscularization of peripheral pulmonary arteries. This pulmonary vasoremodeling manifests in medial hypertrophy/hyperplasia of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) with possible neointimal formation. The underlying molecular processes for these two major vascular responses remain not fully understood. On the other hand, a series of very recent studies have shown that the increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) seems to be an important player in mediating pulmonary vasoconstriction and vasoremodeling, thereby leading to PH. Mitochondria are a primary site for ROS production in pulmonary artery (PA) SMCs, which subsequently activate NADPH oxidase to induce further ROS generation, i.e., ROS-induced ROS generation. ROS control the activity of multiple ion channels to induce intracellular Ca2+ release and extracellular Ca2+ influx (ROS-induced Ca2+ release and influx) to cause PH. ROS and Ca2+ signaling may synergistically trigger an inflammatory cascade to implicate in PH. Accordingly, this paper explores the important roles of ROS, Ca2+, and inflammatory signaling in the development of PH, including their reciprocal interactions, key molecules, and possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vic Maietta
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Jorge Reyes-García
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.,Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Vishal R Yadav
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Xu Peng
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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20
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Conrard L, Tyteca D. Regulation of Membrane Calcium Transport Proteins by the Surrounding Lipid Environment. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E513. [PMID: 31547139 PMCID: PMC6843150 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ions (Ca2+) are major messengers in cell signaling, impacting nearly every aspect of cellular life. Those signals are generated within a wide spatial and temporal range through a large variety of Ca2+ channels, pumps, and exchangers. More and more evidences suggest that Ca2+ exchanges are regulated by their surrounding lipid environment. In this review, we point out the technical challenges that are currently being overcome and those that still need to be defeated to analyze the Ca2+ transport protein-lipid interactions. We then provide evidences for the modulation of Ca2+ transport proteins by lipids, including cholesterol, acidic phospholipids, sphingolipids, and their metabolites. We also integrate documented mechanisms involved in the regulation of Ca2+ transport proteins by the lipid environment. Those include: (i) Direct interaction inside the protein with non-annular lipids; (ii) close interaction with the first shell of annular lipids; (iii) regulation of membrane biophysical properties (e.g., membrane lipid packing, thickness, and curvature) directly around the protein through annular lipids; and (iv) gathering and downstream signaling of several proteins inside lipid domains. We finally discuss recent reports supporting the related alteration of Ca2+ and lipids in different pathophysiological events and the possibility to target lipids in Ca2+-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Conrard
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université catholique de Louvain, UCL B1.75.05, avenue Hippocrate, 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Donatienne Tyteca
- CELL Unit, de Duve Institute and Université catholique de Louvain, UCL B1.75.05, avenue Hippocrate, 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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21
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Ko J, Myeong J, Kwak M, Jeon JH, So I. Identification of phospholipase C β downstream effect on transient receptor potential canonical 1/4, transient receptor potential canonical 1/5 channels. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 23:357-366. [PMID: 31496873 PMCID: PMC6717798 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2019.23.5.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gαq-coupled receptor stimulation was implied in the activation process of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC)1/4 and TRPC1/5 heterotetrameric channels. The inactivation occurs due to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) depletion. When PI(4,5)P2 depletion was induced by muscarinic stimulation or inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (Inp54p), however, the inactivation by muscarinic stimulation was greater compared to that by Inp54p. The aim of this study was to investigate the complete inactivation mechanism of the heteromeric channels upon Gαq-phospholipase C β (Gαq-PLCβ) activation. We evaluated the activity of heteromeric channels with electrophysiological recording in HEK293 cells expressing TRPC channels. TRPC1/4 and TRPC1/5 heteromers undergo further inhibition in PLCβ activation and calcium/protein kinase C (PKC) signaling. Nevertheless, the key factors differ. For TRPC1/4, the inactivation process was facilitated by Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum, and for TRPC1/5, activation of PKC was concerned mostly. We conclude that the subsequent increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ due to Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and activation of PKC resulted in a second phase of channel inhibition following PI(4,5)P2 depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Ko
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jongyun Myeong
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Misun Kwak
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Ju-Hong Jeon
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Insuk So
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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22
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Macikova L, Sinica V, Kadkova A, Villette S, Ciaccafava A, Faherty J, Lecomte S, Alves ID, Vlachova V. Putative interaction site for membrane phospholipids controls activation of TRPA1 channel at physiological membrane potentials. FEBS J 2019; 286:3664-3683. [PMID: 31116904 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel is a polymodal sensor of environmental irritant compounds, endogenous proalgesic agents, and cold. Upon activation, TRPA1 channels increase cellular calcium levels via direct permeation and trigger signaling pathways that hydrolyze phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2 ) in the inner membrane leaflet. Our objective was to determine the extent to which a putative PIP2 -interaction site (Y1006-Q1031) is involved in TRPA1 regulation. The interactions of two specific peptides (L992-N1008 and T1003-P1034) with model lipid membranes were characterized by biophysical approaches to obtain information about affinity, peptide secondary structure, and peptide effect in the lipid organization. The results indicate that the two peptides interact with lipid membranes only if PIP2 is present and their affinities depend on the presence of calcium. Using whole-cell electrophysiology, we demonstrate that mutation at F1020 produced channels with faster activation kinetics and with a rightward shifted voltage-dependent activation curve by altering the allosteric constant that couples voltage sensing to pore opening. We assert that the presence of PIP2 is essential for the interaction of the two peptide sequences with the lipid membrane. The putative phosphoinositide-interacting domain comprising the highly conserved F1020 contributes to the stabilization of the TRPA1 channel gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Macikova
- CBMN-UMR 5248 CNRS, IPB, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France.,Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Sinica
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Kadkova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Sophie Lecomte
- CBMN-UMR 5248 CNRS, IPB, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Isabel D Alves
- CBMN-UMR 5248 CNRS, IPB, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Viktorie Vlachova
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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23
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Angiotensin II-mediated MYH9 downregulation causes structural and functional podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7679. [PMID: 31118506 PMCID: PMC6531474 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MYH9, a widely expressed gene encoding nonmuscle myosin heavy chain, is also expressed in podocytes and is associated with glomerular pathophysiology. However, the mechanisms underlying MYH9-related glomerular diseases associated with proteinuria are poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the role and mechanism of MYH9 in diabetic kidney injury. MYH9 expression was decreased in glomeruli from diabetic patients and animals and in podocytes treated with Ang II in vitro. Ang II treatment and siRNA-mediated MYH9 knockdown in podocytes resulted in actin cytoskeleton reorganization, reduced cell adhesion, actin-associated protein downregulation, and increased albumin permeability. Ang II treatment increased NOX4 expression and ROS generation. The Ang II receptor blocker losartan and the ROS scavenger NAC restored MYH9 expression in Ang II-treated podocytes, attenuated disrupted actin cytoskeleton and decreased albumin permeability. Furthermore, MYH9 overexpression in podocytes restored the effects of Ang II on the actin cytoskeleton and actin-associated proteins. Ang II-mediated TRPC6 activation reduced MYH9 expression. These results suggest that Ang II-mediated MYH9 depletion in diabetic nephropathy may increase filtration barrier permeability by inducing structural and functional podocyte injury through TRPC6-mediated Ca2+ influx by NOX4-mediated ROS generation. These findings reveal a novel MYH9 function in maintaining urinary filtration barrier integrity. MYH9 may be a potential target for treating diabetic nephropathy.
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24
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Nociceptor Signalling through ion Channel Regulation via GPCRs. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102488. [PMID: 31137507 PMCID: PMC6566991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prime task of nociceptors is the transformation of noxious stimuli into action potentials that are propagated along the neurites of nociceptive neurons from the periphery to the spinal cord. This function of nociceptors relies on the coordinated operation of a variety of ion channels. In this review, we summarize how members of nine different families of ion channels expressed in sensory neurons contribute to nociception. Furthermore, data on 35 different types of G protein coupled receptors are presented, activation of which controls the gating of the aforementioned ion channels. These receptors are not only targeted by more than 20 separate endogenous modulators, but can also be affected by pharmacotherapeutic agents. Thereby, this review provides information on how ion channel modulation via G protein coupled receptors in nociceptors can be exploited to provide improved analgesic therapy.
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25
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Emerging Roles of Diacylglycerol-Sensitive TRPC4/5 Channels. Cells 2018; 7:cells7110218. [PMID: 30463370 PMCID: PMC6262340 DOI: 10.3390/cells7110218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential classical or canonical 4 (TRPC4) and TRPC5 channels are members of the classical or canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) channel family of non-selective cation channels. TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels are widely accepted as receptor-operated cation channels that are activated in a phospholipase C-dependent manner, following the Gq/11 protein-coupled receptor activation. However, their precise activation mechanism has remained largely elusive for a long time, as the TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels were considered as being insensitive to the second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG) in contrast to the other TRPC channels. Recent findings indicate that the C-terminal interactions with the scaffolding proteins Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 and 2 (NHERF1 and NHERF2) dynamically regulate the DAG sensitivity of the TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels. Interestingly, the C-terminal NHERF binding suppresses, while the dissociation of NHERF enables, the DAG sensitivity of the TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels. This leads to the assumption that all of the TRPC channels are DAG sensitive. The identification of the regulatory function of the NHERF proteins in the TRPC4/5-NHERF protein complex offers a new starting point to get deeper insights into the molecular basis of TRPC channel activation. Future studies will have to unravel the physiological and pathophysiological functions of this multi-protein channel complex.
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Büch TRH, Büch EAM, Boekhoff I, Steinritz D, Aigner A. Role of Chemosensory TRP Channels in Lung Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11040090. [PMID: 30248976 PMCID: PMC6316293 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels represent a large family of cation channels and many members of the TRP family have been shown to act as polymodal receptor molecules for irritative or potentially harmful substances. These chemosensory TRP channels have been extensively characterized in primary sensory and neuronal cells. However, in recent years the functional expression of these proteins in non-neuronal cells, e.g., in the epithelial lining of the respiratory tract has been confirmed. Notably, these proteins have also been described in a number of cancer types. As sensor molecules for noxious compounds, chemosensory TRP channels are involved in cell defense mechanisms and influence cell survival following exposure to toxic substances via the modulation of apoptotic signaling. Of note, a number of cytostatic drugs or drug metabolites can activate these TRP channels, which could affect the therapeutic efficacy of these cytostatics. Moreover, toxic inhalational substances with potential involvement in lung carcinogenesis are well established TRP activators. In this review, we present a synopsis of data on the expression of chemosensory TRP channels in lung cancer cells and describe TRP agonists and TRP-dependent signaling pathways with potential relevance to tumor biology. Furthermore, we discuss a possible role of TRP channels in the non-genomic, tumor-promoting effects of inhalational carcinogens such as cigarette smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R H Büch
- Rudolf Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Haertelstrasse 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Eva A M Büch
- Rudolf Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Haertelstrasse 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Ingrid Boekhoff
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Dirk Steinritz
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstr. 11, D-80937 Munich, Germany.
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Haertelstrasse 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany.
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Balaji S, Ahmed M, Lorence E, Yan F, Nomie K, Wang M. NF-κB signaling and its relevance to the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:83. [PMID: 29907126 PMCID: PMC6002979 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0621-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma is an aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin B cell lymphoma that is characterized by a poor prognosis determined by Ki67 and Mantle Cell International Prognostic Index scores, but it is becoming increasingly treatable. The majority of patients, especially if young, achieve a progression-free survival of at least 5 years. Mantle cell lymphoma can initially be treated with an anti-CD20 antibody in combination with a chemotherapy backbone, such as VR-CAP (the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab administered with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone) or R-CHOP (the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab administered with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone). While initial treatment can facilitate recovery and complete remission in a few patients, many patients experience relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma within 2 to 3 years after initial treatment. Targeted agents such as ibrutinib, an inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase, which has been approved only in the relapsed setting, can be used to treat patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma. However, mantle cell lymphoma cells often acquire resistance to such targeted agents and continue to survive by activating alternate signaling pathways such as the PI3K-Akt pathway or the NF-κB pathways. NF-κB is a transcription factor family that regulates the growth and survival of B cells; mantle cell lymphoma cells depend on NF-κB signaling for continued growth and proliferation. The NF-κB signaling pathways are categorized into canonical and non-canonical types, wherein the canonical pathway prompts inflammatory responses, immune regulation, and cell proliferation, while the non-canonical leads to B cell maturation and lymphoid organogenesis. Since these pathways upregulate survival genes and tumor-promoting cytokines, they can be activated to overcome the inhibitory effects of targeted agents, thereby having profound effects on tumorigenesis. The NF-κB pathways are also highly targetable in that they are interconnected with numerous other pathways, including B cell receptor signaling, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, and toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Additionally, elements of the non-canonical NF- κB pathway, such as NF-κB-inducing kinase, can be targeted to overcome resistance to targeting of the canonical NF- κB pathway. Targeting the molecular mechanisms of the NF-κB pathways can facilitate the development of novel agents to treat malignancies and overcome drug resistance in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathi Balaji
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0429, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA
| | - Makhdum Ahmed
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0429, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lorence
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0429, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA
| | - Fangfang Yan
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0429, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA
| | - Krystle Nomie
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0429, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA
| | - Michael Wang
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 0429, Houston, TX, 77030-4009, USA.
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Transient receptor potential canonical type 3 channels: Interactions, role and relevance - A vascular focus. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 174:79-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Mickle AD, Shepherd AJ, Mohapatra DP. Nociceptive TRP Channels: Sensory Detectors and Transducers in Multiple Pain Pathologies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9040072. [PMID: 27854251 PMCID: PMC5198047 DOI: 10.3390/ph9040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Specialized receptors belonging to the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of ligand-gated ion channels constitute the critical detectors and transducers of pain-causing stimuli. Nociceptive TRP channels are predominantly expressed by distinct subsets of sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system. Several of these TRP channels are also expressed in neurons of the central nervous system, and in non-neuronal cells that communicate with sensory nerves. Nociceptive TRPs are activated by specific physico-chemical stimuli to provide the excitatory trigger in neurons. In addition, decades of research has identified a large number of immune and neuromodulators as mediators of nociceptive TRP channel activation during injury, inflammatory and other pathological conditions. These findings have led to aggressive targeting of TRP channels for the development of new-generation analgesics. This review summarizes the complex activation and/or modulation of nociceptive TRP channels under pathophysiological conditions, and how these changes underlie acute and chronic pain conditions. Furthermore, development of small-molecule antagonists for several TRP channels as analgesics, and the positive and negative outcomes of these drugs in clinical trials are discussed. Understanding the diverse functional and modulatory properties of nociceptive TRP channels is critical to function-based drug targeting for the development of evidence-based and efficacious new generation analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Mickle
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Andrew J Shepherd
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Durga P Mohapatra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
- Washington University Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
- Center for Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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TRPV1: A Target for Rational Drug Design. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9030052. [PMID: 27563913 PMCID: PMC5039505 DOI: 10.3390/ph9030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective, Ca2+ permeable cation channel activated by noxious heat, and chemical ligands, such as capsaicin and resiniferatoxin (RTX). Many compounds have been developed that either activate or inhibit TRPV1, but none of them are in routine clinical practice. This review will discuss the rationale for antagonists and agonists of TRPV1 for pain relief and other conditions, and strategies to develop new, better drugs to target this ion channel, using the newly available high-resolution structures.
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Trubiani O, Guarnieri S, Diomede F, Mariggiò MA, Merciaro I, Morabito C, Cavalcanti MFXB, Cocco L, Ramazzotti G. Nuclear translocation of PKCα isoenzyme is involved in neurogenic commitment of human neural crest-derived periodontal ligament stem cells. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1631-41. [PMID: 27478064 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells isolated from human adult tissue niche represent a promising source for neural differentiation. Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (hPDLSCs) originating from the neural crest are particularly suitable for induction of neural commitment. In this study, under xeno-free culture conditions, in undifferentiated hPDLSCs and in hPDLSCs induced to neuronal differentiation by basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, the level of some neural markers have been analyzed. The hPDLSCs spontaneously express Nestin, a neural progenitor marker. In these cells, the neurogenic process induced to rearrange the cytoskeleton, form neurospheres and express higher levels of Nestin and Tyrosine Hydroxylase, indicating neural induction. Protein Kinase C (PKC) is highly expressed in neural tissue and has a key role in neuronal functions. In particular the Ca(2+) and diacylglycerol-dependent activation of PKCα isozyme is involved in the regulation of neuronal differentiation. Another main component of the pathways controlling neuronal differentiation is the Growth Associated Protein-43 (GAP-43), whose activity is strictly regulated by PKC. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of PKCα/GAP-43 nuclear signal transduction pathway during neuronal commitment of hPDLSCs. During hPDLSCs neurogenic commitment the levels of p-PKC and p-GAP-43 increased both in cytoplasmic and nuclear compartment. PKCα nuclear translocation induced GAP-43 movement to the cytoplasm, where it is known to regulate growth cone dynamics and neuronal differentiation. Moreover, the degree of cytosolic Ca(2+) mobilization appeared to be more pronounced in differentiated hPDLSCs than in undifferentiated cells. This study provides evidences of a new PKCα/GAP-43 nuclear signalling pathway that controls neuronal differentiation in hPDLSCs, leading the way to a potential use of these cells in cell-based therapy in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Trubiani
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences - CeSI-MET, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria A Mariggiò
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences - CeSI-MET, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ilaria Merciaro
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Caterina Morabito
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences - CeSI-MET, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marcos F X B Cavalcanti
- Faculté de Médecine, UMR 7365 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 9, avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lés-Nancy, France; Cruzeiro do Sul University, Rua Galvão Bueno 868, 01506-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Ramazzotti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Jirku M, Lansky Z, Bednarova L, Sulc M, Monincova L, Majer P, Vyklicky L, Vondrasek J, Teisinger J, Bousova K. The characterization of a novel S100A1 binding site in the N-terminus of TRPM1. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 78:186-193. [PMID: 27435061 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin-1 channel (TRPM1) is an important mediator of calcium influx into the cell that is expressed in melanoma and ON-bipolar cells. Similar to other members of the TRP channel family, the intracellular N- and C- terminal domains of TRPM1 are expected to play important roles in the modulation of TRPM1 receptor function. Among the most commonly occurring modulators of TRP channels are the cytoplasmically expressed calcium binding proteins calmodulin and S100 calcium-binding protein A1 (S100A1), but the interaction of TRPM1 with S100A1 has not been described yet. Here, using a combination of biophysical and bioinformatics methods, we have determined that the N-terminal L242-E344 region of TRPM1 is a S100A1 binding domain. We show that formation of the TRPM1/S100A1 complex is calcium-dependent. Moreover, our structural model of the complex explained data obtained from fluorescence spectroscopy measurements revealing that the complex formation is facilitated through interactions of clusters positively charged (K271A, R273A, R274A) and hydrophobic (L263A, V270A, L276A) residues at the N-terminus of TRPM1. Taken together, our data suggest a molecular mechanism for the potential regulation of TRPM1 by S100A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Jirku
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Lansky
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bednarova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Sulc
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Monincova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Majer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Vyklicky
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Vondrasek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Teisinger
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Bousova
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 16610 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Wang JL, Chou CT, Liang WZ, Yeh JH, Kuo CC, Lee CY, Shieh P, Kuo DH, Chen FA, Jan CR. Effect of 2,5-dimethylphenol on Ca(2+) movement and viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2016; 26:327-33. [PMID: 27310574 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2016.1158893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The phenolic compound 2,5-dimethylphenol is a natural product. 2,5-Dimethylphenol has been shown to affect rat hepatic and pulmonary microsomal metabolism. However, the effect of 2,5-dimethylphenol on Ca(2+ )signaling and cyotoxicity has never been explored in any culture cells. This study explored the effect of 2,5-dimethylphenol on cytosolic free Ca(2+ )levels ([Ca(2+)]i) and cell viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. 2,5-Dimethylphenol at concentrations between 500 μM and 1000 μM evoked [Ca(2+)]i rises in a concentration-dependent manner. This Ca(2+ )signal was inhibited by approximately half by the removal of extracellular Ca(2+). 2,5-Dimethylphenol-induced Ca(2+ )influx was confirmed by Mn(2+)-induced quench of fura-2 fluorescence. Pretreatment with the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF109203X, nifedipine or the store-operated Ca(2+ )entry inhibitors (econazole or SKF96365) inhibited 2,5-dimethylphenol-induced Ca(2+ )signal in Ca(2+)-containing medium by ∼30%. Treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+ )pump inhibitor thapsigargin in Ca(2+)-free medium abolished 2,5-dimethylphenol-induced [Ca(2+)]i rises. Conversely, treatment with 2,5-dimethylphenol abolished thapsigargin-induced [Ca(2+)]i rises. Inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) with U73122 reduced 2,5-dimethylphenol-evoked [Ca(2+)]i rises by ∼80%. 2,5-Dimethylphenol killed cells at concentrations of 350-1000 μM in a concentration-dependent fashion. Chelation of cytosolic Ca(2+ )with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N, N, N', N'-tetraacetic acid/AM (BAPTA/AM) did not prevent 2,5-dimethylphenol's cytotoxicity. Together, in PC3 cells, 2,5-dimethylphenol induced [Ca(2+)]i rises that involved Ca(2+ )entry through PKC-regulated store-operated Ca(2+ )channels and PLC-dependent Ca(2+ )release from the endoplasmic reticulum. 2,5-Dimethylphenol induced cytotoxicity in a Ca(2+)-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue-Long Wang
- a Department of Rehabilitation , Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Tainan Branch , Tainan , Taiwan , ROC
| | - Chiang-Ting Chou
- b Department of Nursing , Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung Institute of Technology , Chia-Yi, Taiwan , ROC .,c Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung Institute of Technology , Chia-Yi, Taiwan , ROC
| | - Wei-Zhe Liang
- d Department of Medical Education and Research , Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan , ROC
| | - Jeng-Hsien Yeh
- e Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan , ROC
| | - Chun-Chi Kuo
- f Department of Nursing , Tzu Hui Institute of Technology , Pingtung , Taiwan , ROC
| | - Chao-Ying Lee
- g School of Pharmacy, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan , ROC
| | - Pochuen Shieh
- h Department of Pharmacy , Tajen University , Pingtung , Taiwan , ROC
| | - Daih-Huang Kuo
- h Department of Pharmacy , Tajen University , Pingtung , Taiwan , ROC
| | - Fu-An Chen
- h Department of Pharmacy , Tajen University , Pingtung , Taiwan , ROC
| | - Chung-Ren Jan
- d Department of Medical Education and Research , Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan , ROC
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Abstract
Corneal transparency is dependent on the maintenance of the structural integrity and functional activity of its epithelial and endothelial limiting layers and the stroma. Different transient receptor potential (TRP) channel subtypes are expressed in cells and on corneal sensory nerve endings. They serve as sensors and transducers of environmental stimuli that can reduce tissue transparency. These nonselective cation channels are members of a superfamily sharing TRP box protein sequence homology having 6 membrane spanning domains with a pore between the fifth and sixth segments. TRP channels are composed of 4 monomeric subunits that oligomerize in homomeric or heteromeric configurations derived from different TRP subtypes belonging to the same or any of 6 different subfamilies. TRP subfamily members identified in the cornea include those belonging to the canonical, vanilloid, ankyrin, or melastatin subfamilies. In this review, we specifically focus on the functional roles of TRPV1 and TRPA1 expression in the cornea as their activation provides adaptive nociceptive and immune responses to noxious environmental stresses such as irritating ligands, temperature fluctuations, rises in ambient osmolarity, mechanical stretch, decline in pH, and tissue injury. Our previous studies have indicated that TRPV1 and TRPA1 subtypes are potential drug targets for improving corneal wound healing after alkali burns, because injury-induced fibrosis, neovascularization, and inflammation in either TRPV1 or TRPA1 gene-silenced mice were all significantly reduced.
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Rohacs T. Phosphoinositide signaling in somatosensory neurons. Adv Biol Regul 2016; 61:2-16. [PMID: 26724974 PMCID: PMC4884561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Somatosensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and trigeminal ganglia (TG) are responsible for detecting thermal and tactile stimuli. They are also the primary neurons mediating pain and itch. A large number of cell surface receptors in these neurons couple to phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes leading to the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] and the generation of downstream signaling molecules. These neurons also express many different ion channels, several of which are regulated by phosphoinositides. This review will summarize the knowledge on phosphoinositide signaling in DRG neurons, with special focus on effects on sensory and other ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Rohacs
- Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
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Svechtarova MI, Buzzacchera I, Toebes BJ, Lauko J, Anton N, Wilson CJ. Sensor Devices Inspired by the Five Senses: A Review. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - B. Jelle Toebes
- NovioSense BV; Transistorweg 5 6534 AT Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Jan Lauko
- NovioSense BV; Transistorweg 5 6534 AT Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Nicoleta Anton
- Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Grigore T.; Popa, Str. Universitatii nr. 16 700115 Iasi Romania
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Rohacs T. Phosphoinositide regulation of TRPV1 revisited. Pflugers Arch 2015; 467:1851-69. [PMID: 25754030 PMCID: PMC4537841 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-015-1695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The heat- and capsaicin-sensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 ion channel (TRPV1) is regulated by plasma membrane phosphoinositides. The effects of these lipids on this channel have been controversial. Recent articles re-ignited the debate and also offered resolution to place some of the data in a coherent picture. This review summarizes the literature on this topic and provides a detailed and critical discussion on the experimental evidence for the various effects of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphayte [PI(4,5)P2 or PIP2] on TRPV1. We conclude that PI(4,5)P2 and potentially its precursor PI(4)P are positive cofactors for TRPV1, acting via direct interaction with the channel, and their depletion by Ca(2+)-induced activation of phospholipase Cδ isoforms (PLCδ) limits channel activity during capsaicin-induced desensitization. Other negatively charged lipids at higher concentrations can also support channel activity, which may explain some controversies in the literature. PI(4,5)P2 also partially inhibits channel activity in some experimental settings, and relief from this inhibition upon PLCβ activation may contribute to sensitization. The negative effect of PI(4,5)P2 is more controversial and its mechanism is less well understood. Other TRP channels from the TRPV and TRPC families may also undergo similar dual regulation by phosphoinositides, thus the complexity of TRPV1 regulation is not unique to this channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Rohacs
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ, USA,
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38
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Fitzgerald TL, Lertpiriyapong K, Cocco L, Martelli AM, Libra M, Candido S, Montalto G, Cervello M, Steelman L, Abrams SL, McCubrey JA. Roles of EGFR and KRAS and their downstream signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer and pancreatic cancer stem cells. Adv Biol Regul 2015; 59:65-81. [PMID: 26257206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is currently the fourth most common cancer, is increasing in incidence and soon will be the second leading cause of cancer death in the USA. This is a deadly malignancy with an incidence that approximates the mortality with 44,000 new cases and 36,000 deaths each year. Surgery, although only modestly successful, is the only curative option. However, due the locally aggressive nature and early metastasis, surgery can be performed on less than 20% of patients. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is palliative, has significant toxicity and improves survival very little. Thus new treatment paradigms are needed desperately. Due to the extremely high frequency of KRAS gene mutations (>90%) detected in pancreatic cancer patients, the roles of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC1/GSK-3 pathways have been investigated in pancreatic cancer for many years. Constitutively active Ras can activate both of these pathways and there is cross talk between Ras and EGFR which is believed to be important in driving metastasis. Mutant KRAS may also drive the expression of GSK-3 through Raf/MEK/ERK-mediated effects on GSK-3 transcription. GSK-3 can then regulate the expression of NF-kappaB which is important in modulating pancreatic cancer chemoresistance. While the receptors and many downstream signaling molecules have been identified and characterized, there is still much to learn about these pathways and how their deregulation can lead to cancer. Multiple inhibitors to EGFR, PI3K, mTOR, GSK-3, Raf, MEK and hedgehog (HH) have been developed and are being evaluated in various cancers. Current research often focuses on the role of these pathways in cancer stem cells (CSC), with the goal to identify sites where therapeutic resistance may develop. Relatively novel fields of investigation such as microRNAs and drugs used for other diseases e.g., diabetes, (metformin) and malaria (chloroquine) have provided new information about therapeutic resistance and CSCs. This review will focus on recent advances in the field and how they affect pancreatic cancer research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy L Fitzgerald
- Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Kvin Lertpiriyapong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology & Functional Genomics, Section of Pathology & Oncology, Via Androne, Catania, Italy, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Saverio Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology & Functional Genomics, Section of Pathology & Oncology, Via Androne, Catania, Italy, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Linda Steelman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Stephen L Abrams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
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Kalwa H, Storch U, Demleitner J, Fiedler S, Mayer T, Kannler M, Fahlbusch M, Barth H, Smrcka A, Hildebrandt F, Gudermann T, Dietrich A. Phospholipase C epsilon (PLCε) induced TRPC6 activation: a common but redundant mechanism in primary podocytes. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1389-99. [PMID: 25521631 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, activation of phospholipase C (PLC)-coupled membrane receptors by hormones leads to an increase in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration [Ca(2+) ]i . Catalytic activity of PLCs results in the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to generate inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG) which opens DAG-sensitive classical transient receptor channels 3, 6, and 7 (TRPC3/6/7), initiating Ca(2+) influx from the extracellular space. Patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) express gain-of-function mutants of TRPC6, while others carry loss-of-function mutants of PLCε, raising the intriguing possibility that both proteins interact and might work in the same signalling pathway. While TRPC6 activation by PLCβ and PLCγ isozymes was extensively studied, the role of PLCε in TRPC6 activation remains elusive. TRPC6 was co-immunoprecipitated with PLCε in a heterologous overexpression system in HEK293 cells as well as in freshly isolated murine podocytes. Receptor-operated TRPC6 currents in HEK293 cells expressing TRPC6 were reduced by a specific PLCε siRNA and by a PLCε loss-of-function mutant isolated from a patient with FSGS. PLCε-induced TRPC6 activation was also identified in murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) lacking Gαq/11 proteins. Further analysis of the signal transduction pathway revealed a Gα12/13 Rho-GEF activation which induced Rho-mediated PLCε stimulation. Therefore, we identified a new pathway for TRPC6 activation by PLCε. PLCε-/- podocytes however, were undistinguishable from WT podocytes in their angiotensin II-induced formation of actin stress fibers and their GTPγS-induced TRPC6 activation, pointing to a redundant role of PLCε-mediated TRPC6 activation at least in podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann Kalwa
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Hansen SB. Lipid agonism: The PIP2 paradigm of ligand-gated ion channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1851:620-8. [PMID: 25633344 PMCID: PMC4540326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The past decade, membrane signaling lipids emerged as major regulators of ion channel function. However, the molecular nature of lipid binding to ion channels remained poorly described due to a lack of structural information and assays to quantify and measure lipid binding in a membrane. How does a lipid-ligand bind to a membrane protein in the plasma membrane, and what does it mean for a lipid to activate or regulate an ion channel? How does lipid binding compare to activation by soluble neurotransmitter? And how does the cell control lipid agonism? This review focuses on lipids and their interactions with membrane proteins, in particular, ion channels. I discuss the intersection of membrane lipid biology and ion channel biophysics. A picture emerges of membrane lipids as bona fide agonists of ligand-gated ion channels. These freely diffusing signals reside in the plasma membrane, bind to the transmembrane domain of protein, and cause a conformational change that allosterically gates an ion channel. The system employs a catalog of diverse signaling lipids ultimately controlled by lipid enzymes and raft localization. I draw upon pharmacology, recent protein structure, and electrophysiological data to understand lipid regulation and define inward rectifying potassium channels (Kir) as a new class of PIP2 lipid-gated ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott B Hansen
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter FL 33458, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter FL 33458, USA.
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41
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Gómez M, González A, Sáez CA, Morales B, Moenne A. Copper-induced activation of TRP channels promotes extracellular calcium entry, activation of CaMs and CDPKs, copper entry and membrane depolarization in Ulva compressa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:182. [PMID: 25852728 PMCID: PMC4367172 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In order to identify channels involved in membrane depolarization, Ulva compressa was incubated with agonists of TRP channels C5, A1 and V1, and the level of intracellular calcium was detected. Agonists of TRPC5, A1 and V1 induced increases in intracellular calcium at 4, 9, and 11 min of exposure, respectively, and antagonists of TRPC5, A1, and V1 corresponding to SKF-96365 (SKF), HC-030031 (HC), and capsazepin (CPZ), respectively, inhibited calcium increases indicating that functional TRPs exist in U. compressa. In addition, copper excess induced increases in intracellular calcium at 4, 9, and 12 min which were inhibited by SKF, HC, and CPZ, respectively, indicating that copper activate TRPC5, A1, and V1 channels. Moreover, copper-induced calcium increases were inhibited by EGTA, a non-permeable calcium chelating agent, but not by thapsigargin, an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium ATPase, indicating that activation of TRPs leads to extracellular calcium entry. Furthermore, copper-induced calcium increases were not inhibited by W-7, an inhibitor of CaMs, and staurosporine, an inhibitor of CDPKs, indicating that extracellular calcium entry did not require activation of CaMs and CDPKs. In addition, copper induced membrane depolarization events at 4, 8, and 11 min and these events were inhibited by SKF, HC, CPZ, and bathocuproine, a specific copper chelating agent, indicating that copper entry through TRP channels leads to membrane depolarization. Moreover, membrane depolarization events were inhibited by W-7 and staurosporine, indicating that activation of CaMs and CDPKs is required to allow copper entry through TRPs. Interestingly, copper-induced calcium increases and depolarization events were light-dependent and were inhibited by DCMU, an inhibitor of photosystem II, and ATP-γ-S, a non-hydrolizable analog of ATP, suggesting that ATP derived from photosynthesis is required to activate TRPs. Thus, light-dependent copper-induced activation TRPC5, A1 and V1 promotes extracellular calcium entry leading to activation of CaMs and CDPKs which, in turn, promotes copper entry through TRP channels and membrane depolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Gómez
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Alberto González
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Claudio A. Sáez
- Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Playa AnchaValparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa AnchaViña del Mar, Chile
| | - Bernardo Morales
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Moenne
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de ChileSantiago, Chile
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Mickle AD, Shepherd AJ, Mohapatra DP. Sensory TRP channels: the key transducers of nociception and pain. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 131:73-118. [PMID: 25744671 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral detection of nociceptive and painful stimuli by sensory neurons involves a complex repertoire of molecular detectors and/or transducers on distinct subsets of nerve fibers. The majority of such molecular detectors/transducers belong to the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of cation channels, which comprise both specific receptors for distinct nociceptive stimuli, as well as for multiple stimuli. This chapter discusses the classification, distribution, and functional properties of individual TRP channel types that have been implicated in various nociceptive and/or painful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Mickle
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucile A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrew J Shepherd
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucile A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Durga P Mohapatra
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucile A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Anesthesia, The University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucile A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
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43
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Mori MX, Itsuki K, Hase H, Sawamura S, Kurokawa T, Mori Y, Inoue R. Dynamics of receptor-operated Ca(2+) currents through TRPC channels controlled via the PI(4,5)P2-PLC signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:22. [PMID: 25717302 PMCID: PMC4324076 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels are Ca2+-permeable, nonselective cation channels that carry receptor-operated Ca2+ currents (ROCs) triggered by receptor-induced, phospholipase C (PLC)-catalyzed hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]. Within the vasculature, TRPC channel ROCs contribute to smooth muscle cell depolarization, vasoconstriction, and vascular remodeling. However, TRPC channel ROCs exhibit a variable response to receptor-stimulation, and the regulatory mechanisms governing TRPC channel activity remain obscure. The variability of ROCs may be explained by their complex regulation by PI(4,5)P2 and its metabolites, which differentially affect TRPC channel activity. To resolve the complex regulation of ROCs, the use of voltage-sensing phosphoinositide phosphatases and model simulation have helped to reveal the time-dependent contribution of PI(4,5)P2 and the possible role of PI(4,5)P2 in the regulation of ROCs. These approaches may provide unprecedented insight into the dynamics of PI(4,5)P2 regulation of TRPC channels and the fundamental mechanisms underlying transmembrane ion flow. Within that context, we summarize the regulation of TRPC channels and their coupling to receptor-mediated signaling, as well as the application of voltage-sensing phosphoinositide phosphatases to this research. We also discuss the controversial bidirectional effects of PI(4,5)P2 using a model simulation that could explain the complicated effects of PI(4,5)P2 on different ROCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki X Mori
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry, School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyohei Itsuki
- Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideharu Hase
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry, School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seishiro Sawamura
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry, School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Kurokawa
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry, School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry, School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryuji Inoue
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University Fukuoka, Japan
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Borbiro I, Badheka D, Rohacs T. Activation of TRPV1 channels inhibits mechanosensitive Piezo channel activity by depleting membrane phosphoinositides. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra15. [PMID: 25670203 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2005667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin is an activator of the heat-sensitive TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1) ion channels and has been used as a local analgesic. We found that activation of TRPV1 channels with capsaicin either in dorsal root ganglion neurons or in a heterologous expression system inhibited the mechanosensitive Piezo1 and Piezo2 channels by depleting phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] and its precursor phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P] from the plasma membrane through Ca(2+)-induced phospholipase Cδ (PLCδ) activation. Experiments with chemically inducible phosphoinositide phosphatases and receptor-induced activation of PLCβ indicated that inhibition of Piezo channels required depletion of both PI(4)P and PI(4,5)P2. The mechanically activated current amplitudes decreased substantially in the excised inside-out configuration, where the membrane patch containing Piezo1 channels is removed from the cell. PI(4,5)P2 and PI(4)P applied to these excised patches inhibited this decrease. Thus, we concluded that Piezo channel activity requires the presence of phosphoinositides, and the combined depletion of PI(4,5)P2 and PI(4)P reduces channel activity. In addition to revealing a role for distinct membrane lipids in mechanosensitive ion channel regulation, these data suggest that inhibition of Piezo2 channels may contribute to the analgesic effect of capsaicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Borbiro
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Doreen Badheka
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Tibor Rohacs
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
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45
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Follo MY, Manzoli L, Poli A, McCubrey JA, Cocco L. PLC and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling in disease and cancer. Adv Biol Regul 2014; 57:10-6. [PMID: 25482988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell metabolism is deregulated, and signalling pathways can be involved. For instance, PI3K/Akt/mTOR is associated with normal proliferation and differentiation, and its alteration is detectable in cancer cells, that exploit the normal mechanisms to overcome apoptosis. On the other hand, also the family of Phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes play a critical role in cell growth, and any change concerning these enzymes or their downstream targets can be associated with neoplastic transformation. Here, we review the role of PLC and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal transduction pathways in pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Y Follo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Cellular Signalling Laboratory, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Lucia Manzoli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Cellular Signalling Laboratory, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Cellular Signalling Laboratory, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Cellular Signalling Laboratory, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are activated by stimuli as diverse as heat, cold, noxious chemicals, mechanical forces, hormones, neurotransmitters, spices, and voltage. Besides their presumably similar general architecture, probably the only common factor regulating them is phosphoinositides. The regulation of TRP channels by phosphoinositides is complex. There are a large number of TRP channels where phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2 or PIP2] acts as a positive cofactor, similarly to many other ion channels. In several cases, however, PI(4,5)P2 inhibits TRP channel activity, sometimes even concurrently with the activating effect. This chapter will provide a comprehensive overview of the literature on regulation of TRP channels by membrane phosphoinositides.
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47
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Kaufman RJ, Malhotra JD. Calcium trafficking integrates endoplasmic reticulum function with mitochondrial bioenergetics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2014; 1843:2233-9. [PMID: 24690484 PMCID: PMC4285153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Calcium homeostasis is central to all cellular functions and has been studied for decades. Calcium acts as a critical second messenger for both extracellular and intracellular signaling and is fundamental in cell life and death decisions (Berridge et al., 2000) [1]. The calcium gradient in the cell is coupled with an inherent ability of the divalent cation to reversibly bind multiple target biological molecules to generate an extremely versatile signaling system [2]. Calcium signals are used by the cell to control diverse processes such as development, neurotransmitter release, muscle contraction, metabolism, autophagy and cell death. "Cellular calcium overload" is detrimental to cellular health, resulting in massive activation of proteases and phospholipases leading to cell death (Pinton et al., 2008) [3]. Historically, cell death associated with calcium ion perturbations has been primarily recognized as necrosis. Recent evidence clearly associates changes in calcium ion concentrations with more sophisticated forms of cellular demise, including apoptosis (Kruman et al., 1998; Tombal et al., 1999; Lynch et al., 2000; Orrenius et al., 2003) [4-7]. Although the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as the primary calcium store in the metazoan cell, dynamic calcium release to the cytosol, mitochondria, nuclei and other organelles orchestrate diverse coordinated responses. Most evidence supports that calcium transport from the ER to mitochondria plays a significant role in regulating cellular bioenergetics, production of reactive oxygen species, induction of autophagy and apoptosis. Recently, molecular identities that mediate calcium traffic between the ER and mitochondria have been discovered (Mallilankaraman et al., 2012a; Mallilankaraman et al., 2012b; Sancak et al., 2013)[8-10]. The next questions are how they are regulated for exquisite tight control of ER-mitochondrial calcium dynamics. This review attempts to summarize recent advances in the role of calcium in regulation of ER and mitochondrial function. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Calcium signaling in health and disease. Guest Editors: Geert Bultynck, Jacques Haiech, Claus W. Heizmann, Joachim Krebs, and Marc Moreau.
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Abstract
TRPV1 is a well-characterised channel expressed by a subset of peripheral sensory neurons involved in pain sensation and also at a number of other neuronal and non-neuronal sites in the mammalian body. Functionally, TRPV1 acts as a sensor for noxious heat (greater than ~42 °C). It can also be activated by some endogenous lipid-derived molecules, acidic solutions (pH < 6.5) and some pungent chemicals and food ingredients such as capsaicin, as well as by toxins such as resiniferatoxin and vanillotoxins. Structurally, TRPV1 subunits have six transmembrane (TM) domains with intracellular N- (containing 6 ankyrin-like repeats) and C-termini and a pore region between TM5 and TM6 containing sites that are important for channel activation and ion selectivity. The N- and C- termini have residues and regions that are sites for phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and PI(4,5)P2 binding, which regulate TRPV1 sensitivity and membrane insertion. The channel has several interacting proteins, some of which (e.g. AKAP79/150) are important for TRPV1 phosphorylation. Four TRPV1 subunits form a non-selective, outwardly rectifying ion channel permeable to monovalent and divalent cations with a single-channel conductance of 50-100 pS. TRPV1 channel kinetics reveal multiple open and closed states, and several models for channel activation by voltage, ligand binding and temperature have been proposed. Studies with TRPV1 agonists and antagonists and Trpv1 (-/-) mice have suggested a role for TRPV1 in pain, thermoregulation and osmoregulation, as well as in cough and overactive bladder. TRPV1 antagonists have advanced to clinical trials where findings of drug-induced hyperthermia and loss of heat sensitivity have raised questions about the viability of this therapeutic approach.
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Gonçalves AP, Cordeiro JM, Monteiro J, Muñoz A, Correia-de-Sá P, Read ND, Videira A. Activation of a TRP-like channel and intracellular Ca2+ dynamics during phospholipase-C-mediated cell death. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:3817-29. [PMID: 25037570 PMCID: PMC4150065 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.152058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The model organism Neurospora crassa undergoes programmed cell death when exposed to staurosporine. Here, we show that staurosporine causes defined changes in cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]c) dynamics and a distinct Ca2+ signature that involves Ca2+ influx from the external medium and internal Ca2+ stores. We investigated the molecular basis of this Ca2+ response by using [Ca2+]c measurements combined with pharmacological and genetic approaches. Phospholipase C was identified as a pivotal player during cell death, because modulation of the phospholipase C signaling pathway and deletion of PLC-2, which we show to be involved in hyphal development, results in an inability to trigger the characteristic staurosporine-induced Ca2+ signature. Using Δcch-1, Δfig-1 and Δyvc-1 mutants and a range of inhibitors, we show that extracellular Ca2+ entry does not occur through the hitherto described high- and low-affinity Ca2+ uptake systems, but through the opening of plasma membrane channels with properties resembling the transient receptor potential (TRP) family. Partial blockage of the response to staurosporine after inhibition of a putative inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor suggests that Ca2+ release from internal stores following IP3 formation combines with the extracellular Ca2+ influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pedro Gonçalves
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - J Miguel Cordeiro
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Monteiro
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Muñoz
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, CTF Building, Grafton Street, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Paulo Correia-de-Sá
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nick D Read
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, CTF Building, Grafton Street, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Arnaldo Videira
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Cheng JS, Chou CT, Liang WZ, Kuo CC, Shieh P, Kuo DH, Jan CR. The mechanism of bifonazole-induced [Ca(2+)]i rises and non-Ca(2+)-triggered cell death in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2014; 34:493-9. [PMID: 24849495 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2014.921201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Bifonazole is an antifungal drug widely used for treating skin diseases. The effect of bifonazole on physiology of cancer cells is unclear. The effect of bifonazole on cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)]i) and viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells was explored. The Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent dye, fura-2, was applied to measure [Ca(2+)]i. Bifonazole at concentrations of 5-30 µM induced a [Ca(2+)]i rise in a concentration-dependent manner. The response was reduced by 50% by removing extracellular Ca(2+). Bifonazole-evoked [Ca(2+)]i rise was not altered by nifedipine, econazole, SK&F96365 and protein kinase C activator, but was inhibited by 75% by GF109203X, a protein kinase C inhibitor. In Ca(2+)-free medium, treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ) nearly abolished bifonazole-evoked [Ca(2+)]i rise. Conversely, treatment with bifonazole abolished BHQ-evoked [Ca(2+)]i rise. Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 abolished bifonazole-induced [Ca(2+)]i rise. At 30-100 µM, bifonazole decreased cell viability concentration-dependently, which was not reversed by chelating cytosolic Ca(2+) with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N″,N'-tetraacetic acid/acetoxy methyl. Annexin V/propidium iodide staining data suggest that bifonazole (30-100 µM) induced apoptosis concentration-dependently. Together, in PC3 human prostate cancer cells, bifonazole induced [Ca(2+)]i rises by inducing phospholipase C- and protein kinase C-dependent Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca(2+) influx via non-store-operated pathways. Bifonazole induced cell death that might involve apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shiung Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Tainan Branch , Tainan , Taiwan
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