1
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Jaswal AS, Elangovan R, Mishra S. Optimization of dilution rate and mixed carbon feed for continuous production of recombinant plant sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase in Komagataella phaffii. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024:10.1007/s00449-024-03045-w. [PMID: 38904715 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03045-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The trisaccharide 1-kestose, a major constituent of commercial fructooligosaccharide (FOS) formulations, shows a superior prebiotic effect compared to higher-chain FOS. The plant sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferases (1-SST) are extensively used for selective synthesis of lower chain FOS. In this study, enhanced recombinant (r) 1-SST production was achieved in Komagataella phaffii (formerly Pichia pastoris) containing three copies of a codon-optimized Festuca arundinacea 1-SST gene. R1-SST production reached 47 U/mL at the shake-flask level after a 96-h methanol induction phase. A chemostat-based strain characterization methodology was adopted to assess the influence of specific growth rate (µ) on cell-specific r1-SST productivity (Qp) and cell-specific oxygen uptake rate (Qo) under two different feeding strategies across dilution rates from 0.02 to 0.05 h-1. The methanol-sorbitol co-feeding strategy significantly reduced Qo by 46 ± 2.4% compared to methanol-only feeding without compromising r1-SST productivity. Based on the data, a dilution rate of 0.025 h-1 was applied for continuous cultivation of recombinant cells to achieve a sustained r1-SST productivity of 5000 ± 64.4 U/L/h for 15 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijeet S Jaswal
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz-Khas, New-Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Ravikrishnan Elangovan
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz-Khas, New-Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Saroj Mishra
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz-Khas, New-Delhi, 110016, India.
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2
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Niu C, Liu G, Yang S, He L, Liu C, Zheng F, Wang J, Li Q. Enhanced expression of a novel trypsin from Streptomyces fradiae in Komagataella phaffii GS115 through combinational strategies of propeptide engineering and self-degredation sites modification. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127382. [PMID: 37838138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to enhance the expression level of a novel trypsin gene from Streptomyces fradiae ATCC14544 in Komagataella phaffii GS115 through the combinational use of propeptide engineering and self-degradation residues modification strategies. An artificial propeptide consisted of thioredoxin TrxA, the bovine propeptide DDDDK and the hydrophobic peptide FVEF was introduced to replace the original propeptide while the self-degradation residue sites were predicted and analyzed through alanine screening. The results showed that the quantity and enzymatic activity of asft with engineered propeptide reached 47.02 mg/mL and 33.9 U/mL, which were 9.6 % and 59.29 % higher than those of wild-type (42.9 mg/mL and 13.8 U/mL). Moreover, the introduction of R295A/R315A mutation further enhanced the enzymatic activity (58.86 U/mL) and obviously alleviated the phenomena of self-degradation. The tolerance of trypsin towards alkaline environment was also improved since the optimal pH was shifted from pH 9.0 to pH 9.5 and the half-life value at pH 10 was significantly extended. Finally, the fermentation media composition and condition were optimized and trypsin activity in optimal condition reached 160.58 U/mL, which was 2.73-fold and 11.64-fold of that before optimization or before engineering. The results obtained in this study indicated that the combinational use of propeptide engineering and self-degradation sites modification might have great potential application in production of active trypsins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengtuo Niu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Lab of Brewing Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guozheng Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shijing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Lab of Brewing Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Linman He
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Lab of Brewing Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Lab of Brewing Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feiyun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Lab of Brewing Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Lab of Brewing Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Lab of Brewing Science and Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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3
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Sun M, Gao AX, Liu X, Yang Y, Ledesma-Amaro R, Bai Z. High-throughput process development from gene cloning to protein production. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:182. [PMID: 37715258 PMCID: PMC10503041 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the post-genomic era, the demand for faster and more efficient protein production has increased, both in public laboratories and industry. In addition, with the expansion of protein sequences in databases, the range of possible enzymes of interest for a given application is also increasing. Faced with peer competition, budgetary, and time constraints, companies and laboratories must find ways to develop a robust manufacturing process for recombinant protein production. In this review, we explore high-throughput technologies for recombinant protein expression and present a holistic high-throughput process development strategy that spans from genes to proteins. We discuss the challenges that come with this task, the limitations of previous studies, and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214112, China
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alex Xiong Gao
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiuxia Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214112, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yankun Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214112, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Zhonghu Bai
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214112, China.
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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4
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De Brabander P, Uitterhaegen E, Delmulle T, De Winter K, Soetaert W. Challenges and progress towards industrial recombinant protein production in yeasts: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108121. [PMID: 36775001 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant proteins (RP) are widely used as biopharmaceuticals, industrial enzymes, or sustainable food source. Yeasts, with their ability to produce complex proteins through a broad variety of cheap carbon sources, have emerged as promising eukaryotic production hosts. As such, the prevalence of yeasts as favourable production organisms in commercial RP production is expected to increase. Yet, with the selection of a robust production host on the one hand, successful scale-up is dependent on a thorough understanding of the challenging environment and limitations of large-scale bioreactors on the other hand. In the present work, several prominent yeast species, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, Yarrowia lipolytica, Kluyveromyces lactis and Kluyveromyces marxianus are reviewed for their current state and performance in commercial RP production. Thereafter, the impact of principal process control parameters, including dissolved oxygen, pH, substrate concentration, and temperature, on large-scale RP production are discussed. Finally, technical challenges of process scale-up are identified. To that end, process intensification strategies to enhance industrial feasibility are summarized, specifically highlighting fermentation strategies to ensure sufficient cooling capacity, overcome oxygen limitation, and increase protein quality and productivity. As such, this review aims to contribute to the pursuit of sustainable yeast-based RP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter De Brabander
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP), Rodenhuizekaai 1, 9042 Ghent (Desteldonk), Belgium
| | - Evelien Uitterhaegen
- Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP), Rodenhuizekaai 1, 9042 Ghent (Desteldonk), Belgium
| | - Tom Delmulle
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karel De Winter
- Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP), Rodenhuizekaai 1, 9042 Ghent (Desteldonk), Belgium.
| | - Wim Soetaert
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP), Rodenhuizekaai 1, 9042 Ghent (Desteldonk), Belgium
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5
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He W, Tian Y, Liu S, Vaateri L, Ma X, Haikonen T, Yang B, Laaksonen O. Comparison of phenolic composition and sensory quality among pear beverages made using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Torulaspora delbrueckii. Food Chem 2023; 422:136184. [PMID: 37148850 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Torulaspora delbrueckii on phenolic composition and sensory quality were characterized in the production of alcoholic beverages from selected pear cultivars with diverse biochemical characteristics. The fermentation process generally affected the phenolic composition by increasing the contents of hydroxycinnamic acids and flavan-3-ols and reducing the levels of hydroxybenzoic acids, procyanidins, and flavonols. Although the phenolic compositions and sensory properties of pear beverages depended primarily on pear cultivar selection, the applied yeast strains also played important roles in beverage quality. Fermentation with T. delbrueckii resulted in higher caffeoylquinic acid and quercetin-3-O-glucoside contents, higher rated intensities of 'cooked pear' and 'floral' odors and a sweeter taste than fermentation with S. cerevisiae. Moreover, higher concentrations of hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, and flavonols correlated closely with astringency perception. Applying T. delbrueckii strains and breeding novel pear cultivars are important approaches to produce fermented beverages of high quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia He
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Shuxun Liu
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Laura Vaateri
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Xueying Ma
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Technology Innovation Center of Special Food for State Market Regulation, Wuxi Food Safety Inspection and Test Center, Wuxi 214100, China
| | - Tuuli Haikonen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Production Systems/Horticulture Technologies, Toivonlinnantie 518, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Shanxi Center for Testing of Functional Agro-Products, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Oskar Laaksonen
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
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6
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Singh A, Narang A. PAOX1 expression in mixed-substrate continuous cultures of Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) is completely determined by methanol consumption regardless of the secondary carbon source. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1123703. [PMID: 37091330 PMCID: PMC10113526 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1123703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of recombinant proteins by the AOX1 promoter of Komagataella phaffii is typically induced by adding methanol to the cultivation medium. Since growth on methanol imposes a high oxygen demand, the medium is often supplemented with an additional secondary carbon source which serves to reduce the consumption of methanol, and hence, oxygen. Early research recommended the use of glycerol as the secondary carbon source, but more recent studies recommend the use of sorbitol because glycerol represses PAOX1 expression. To assess the validity of this recommendation, we measured the steady state concentrations of biomass, residual methanol, and LacZ expressed from PAOX1 over a wide range of dilution rates (0.02–0.20 h−1) in continuous cultures of the Mut+ strain fed with methanol + glycerol (repressing) and methanol + sorbitol (non-repressing). We find that under these conditions, the specific PAOX1 expression rate (measured as either specific LacZ productivity or specific AOX productivity) is completely determined by the specific methanol consumption rate regardless of the type (repressing/non-repressing) of the secondary carbon source. In both cultures, the specific PAOX1 expression rate is proportional to the specific methanol consumption rate, provided that the latter is below 0.15 g/(gdw-h); beyond this threshold consumption rate, the specific PAOX1 expression rate of both cultures saturates to the same value. Analysis of the data in the literature shows that the same phenomenon also occurs in continuous cultures of Escherichia coli fed with mixtures of lactose plus repressing/non-repressing carbon sources. The specific Plac expression rate is completely determined by the specific lactose consumption rate, regardless of the type of secondary carbon source, glycerol or glucose.
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7
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Acar M, Abul N, Yildiz S, Taskesenligil ED, Gerni S, Unver Y, Kalin R, Ozdemir H. Affinity-based and in a single step purification of recombinant horseradish peroxidase A2A isoenzyme produced by Pichia pastoris. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:523-534. [PMID: 36527454 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02837-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is an oxidoreductase enzyme and oxidizes various inorganic and organic compounds. It has wide application areas such as immunological tests, probe-based test techniques, removal of phenolic pollutants from wastewater and organic synthesis. HRP is found in the root of the horseradish plant as a mixture of different isoenzymes, and it is very difficult to separate these enzymes from each other. In this regard, recombinant production is a very advantageous method in terms of producing the desired isoenzyme. This study was performed to produce HRP A2A isoenzyme extracellularly in Pichia pastoris and to purify this enzyme in a single step using a 3-amino-4-chloro benzohydrazide affinity column. First, codon-optimized HRP A2A gene was amplified and inserted into pPICZαC. So, obtained pPICZαC-HRPA2A was cloned in E. coli cells. Then, P. pastoris X-33 cells were transformed with linearized recombinant DNA and a yeast clone was cultivated for extracellular recombinant HRP A2A (rHRP A2A) enzyme production. Then, the purification of this enzyme was performed in a single step by affinity chromatography. The molecular mass of purified rHRP A2A enzyme was found to be about 40 kDa. According to characterization studies of the purified enzyme, the optimum pH and ionic strength for the rHRP A2A isoenzyme were determined to be 6.0 and 0.04 M, respectively, and o-dianisidine had the highest specificity with the lowest Km and Vmax values. Thus, this is an economical procedure to purify HRP A2A isoenzyme without time-consuming and laborious isolation from an isoenzyme mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Acar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nurgul Abul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Seyda Yildiz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Dag Taskesenligil
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serpil Gerni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yagmur Unver
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Ramazan Kalin
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Ozdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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8
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Dupuis JH, Cheung LKY, Newman L, Dee DR, Yada RY. Precision cellular agriculture: The future role of recombinantly expressed protein as food. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:882-912. [PMID: 36546356 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cellular agriculture is a rapidly emerging field, within which cultured meat has attracted the majority of media attention in recent years. An equally promising area of cellular agriculture, and one that has produced far more actual food ingredients that have been incorporated into commercially available products, is the use of cellular hosts to produce soluble proteins, herein referred to as precision cellular agriculture (PCAg). In PCAg, specific animal- or plant-sourced proteins are expressed recombinantly in unicellular hosts-the majority of which are yeast-and harvested for food use. The numerous advantages of PCAg over traditional agriculture, including a smaller carbon footprint and more consistent products, have led to extensive research on its utility. This review is the first to survey proteins currently being expressed using PCAg for food purposes. A growing number of viable expression hosts and recent advances for increased protein yields and process optimization have led to its application for producing milk, egg, and muscle proteins; plant hemoglobin; sweet-tasting plant proteins; and ice-binding proteins. Current knowledge gaps present research opportunities for optimizing expression hosts, tailoring posttranslational modifications, and expanding the scope of proteins produced. Considerations for the expansion of PCAg and its implications on food regulation, society, ethics, and the environment are also discussed. Considering the current trajectory of PCAg, food proteins from any biological source can likely be expressed recombinantly and used as purified food ingredients to create novel and tailored food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Dupuis
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lennie K Y Cheung
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lenore Newman
- Food and Agriculture Institute, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Derek R Dee
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rickey Y Yada
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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9
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Wendisch VF, Kosec G, Heux S, Brautaset T. Aerobic Utilization of Methanol for Microbial Growth and Production. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 180:169-212. [PMID: 34761324 DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Methanol is a reduced one-carbon (C1) compound. It supports growth of aerobic methylotrophs that gain ATP from reduced redox equivalents by respiratory phosphorylation in their electron transport chains. Notably, linear oxidation of methanol to carbon dioxide may yield three reduced redox equivalents if methanol oxidation is NAD-dependent as, e.g., in Bacillus methanolicus. Methanol has a higher degree of reduction per carbon than glucose (6 vs. 4), and thus, lends itself as an ideal carbon source for microbial production of reduced target compounds. However, C-C bond formation in the RuMP or serine cycle, a prerequisite for production of larger molecules, requires ATP and/or reduced redox equivalents. Moreover, heat dissipation and a high demand for oxygen during catabolic oxidation of methanol may pose challenges for fermentation processes. In this chapter, we summarize metabolic pathways for aerobic methanol utilization, aerobic methylotrophs as industrial production hosts, strain engineering, and methanol bioreactor processes. In addition, we provide technological and market outlooks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker F Wendisch
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | | | - Stéphanie Heux
- LISBP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - Trygve Brautaset
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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10
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Merten H, Brandl F, Zimmermann M, Schaefer JV, Irpinio L, Sand KMK, Nilsen J, Andersen JT, Zangemeister-Wittke U, Plückthun A. Half-life extension of efficiently produced DARPin serum albumin fusions as a function of FcRn affinity and recycling. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 167:104-113. [PMID: 34303832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Serum albumin shows slow clearance from circulation due to neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-mediated recycling and has been used for half-life extension. We report here fusions to a high-affinity DARPin, binding to Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM). We developed a novel, efficient expression system for such fusion proteins in Pichia pastoris with titers above 300 mg/L of lab-scale shake-flask culture. Since human serum albumin (HSA) does not bind to the murine FcRn, half-lives of therapeutic candidates are frequently measured in human FcRn transgenic mice, limiting useable tumor models. Additionally, serum albumins with extended half-life have been designed. We tested HSA7, motivated by its previously claimed extraordinarily long half-life in mice, which we could not confirm. Instead, we determined a half-life of only 29 h for HSA7, comparable to MSA. The fusion of HSA7 to a DARPin showed a similar half-life. To rationalize these findings, we measured binding kinetics and affinities to murine and human FcRn. Briefly, HSA7 showed affinity to murine FcRn only in the micromolar range, comparable to MSA to its cognate murine FcRn, and an affinity in the nanomolar range only to the human FcRn. This explains the comparable half-life of MSA and HSA7 in mice, while wild-type-HSA has a half-life of only 21 h, as it does not bind the murine FcRn and is not recycled. Thus, HSA-fusions with improved FcRn-affinity, such as HSA7, can be used for preclinical experiments in mice when FcRn transgenes cannot be used, as they reflect better the complex FcRn-mediated recycling and distribution mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Merten
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Brandl
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Inselspital INO-F, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martina Zimmermann
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas V Schaefer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Linda Irpinio
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kine M K Sand
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, N-0372 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oslo, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jeannette Nilsen
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, N-0372 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oslo, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Terje Andersen
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, N-0372 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oslo, N-0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Uwe Zangemeister-Wittke
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Inselspital INO-F, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Andreas Plückthun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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11
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Zhan C, Li X, Yang Y, Nielsen J, Bai Z, Chen Y. Strategies and challenges with the microbial conversion of methanol to high-value chemicals. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3655-3668. [PMID: 34133022 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
As alternatives to traditional fermentation substrates, methanol (CH3 OH), carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and methane (CH4 ) represent promising one-carbon (C1) sources that are readily available at low-cost and share similar metabolic pathway. Of these C1 compounds, methanol is used as a carbon and energy source by native methylotrophs, and can be obtained from CO2 and CH4 by chemical catalysis. Therefore, constructing and rewiring methanol utilization pathways may enable the use of one-carbon sources for microbial fermentations. Recent bioengineering efforts have shown that both native and nonnative methylotrophic organisms can be engineered to convert methanol, together with other carbon sources, into biofuels and other commodity chemicals. However, many challenges remain and must be overcome before industrial-scale bioprocessing can be established using these engineered cell refineries. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary and comparison of methanol metabolic pathways from different methylotrophs, followed by a review of recent progress in engineering methanol metabolic pathways in vitro and in vivo to produce chemicals. We discuss the major challenges associated with establishing efficient methanol metabolic pathways in microbial cells, and propose improved designs for future engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjun Zhan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yankun Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,BioInnovation Institute, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Zhonghu Bai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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12
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Ardila-Leal LD, Poutou-Piñales RA, Morales-Álvarez ED, Rivera-Hoyos CM, Pedroza-Rodríguez AM, Quevedo-Hidalgo BE, Pérez-Flórez A. Methanol addition after glucose depletion improves rPOXA 1B production under the pGap in P. pastoris X33: breaking the habit. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-04093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to demonstrate that methanol addition after glucose depletion has a positive effect on improving rPOXA 1B production under the control of pGap in P. pastoris. Four different culture media (A, B, C and D) were used to culture P. pastoris X33/pGapZαA-LaccPost-Stop (clone 1), containing a previously optimized POXA 1B synthetic gene coding for P. ostreatus laccase, which after glucose depletion was supplemented or not with methanol. Enzyme activity in culture media without methanol (A, B, C and D) was influenced by media components, presenting activity of 1254.30 ± 182.44, 1373.70 ± 182.44, 1343.50 ± 40.30 and 8771.61 ± 218.79 U L−1, respectively. In contrast, the same culture media (A, B, C and D) with methanol addition 24 h after glucose depletion attained activity of 4280.43 ± 148.82, 3339.02 ± 64.36, 3569.39 ± 68.38 and 14,868.06 ± 461.58 U L−1 at 192 h, respectively, representing an increase of approximately 3.9-, 2.4-, 3.3- and 1.6-fold compared with culture media without methanol. Methanol supplementation had a greater impact on volumetric enzyme activity in comparison with biomass production. We demonstrated what was theoretically and biochemically expected: recombinant protein production under pGap control by methanol supplementation after glucose depletion was successful, as a feasible laboratory production strategy of sequential carbon source addition, breaking the habit of utilizing pGap with glucose.
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13
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Unver Y, Sensoy Gun B, Acar M, Yildiz S. Heterologous expression of azurin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 51:723-730. [PMID: 33346686 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1855444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Azurin, which is a bacterial secondary metabolite has been attracted as a potential anticancer agent in recent years because induced death of cancer cells and inhibited their growth. In this study, the production of azurin under the control of the alcohol oxidase promoter which is frequently used in the Pichia pastoris expression system was performed. The azurin gene amplified from Pseudomonas aeruginosa genomic DNA and inserted into the pPICZαA was cloned in Escherichia coli cells. Then, a linearized recombinant vector was transferred to the P. pastoris X-33 cells. Antibiotic resistance test and colony PCR were performed for the selection of multicopy transformants. Protein expression capacities of selected transformants were compared at the end of 48 h incubation. Both extracellular and intracellular protein expressions were observed in all of them by Western blot analysis. The relative expression levels of both intracellular and extracellular protein that belongs to the first clone were higher than the others. On the other hand, it was seen that the 4th clone had the highest protein secretion ability. The molecular mass of the extracellular azurin protein which is produced by recombinant clones was found to be about 20 kDa. This is the first report on azurin expression in P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Unver
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Busra Sensoy Gun
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Melek Acar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Seyda Yildiz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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14
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Gautam A, Sahai V, Mishra S. Development of a dual specific growth rate-based fed-batch process for production of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in Pichia pastoris. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:103-112. [PMID: 32808048 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A number of limitations exist for production of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in Pichia pastoris. In this study, two different specific growth rates (0.015 h-1, 0.01 h-1) were used sequentially in the mixed substrate feeding period during methanol induction phase to enhance the G-CSF titer in the culture broth. Necessary parameters required for implementing the feeding strategy, such as specific product yield on biomass (YP/X) and maintenance coefficient (m) on glycerol, methanol, and sorbitol were estimated using continuous culture technique. Using this strategy, for the same volumetric productivity, about 20% increase in protein titer was achieved over that obtained from the run carried out at a single pre-set value of 0.015 h-1 alone. Thus, implementation of higher specific growth rate (0.015 h-1) set during initial stages of the methanol induction phase followed by a lower specific growth rate (0.01 h-1) helped in achieving increased protein titers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Gautam
- Center for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz-Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Vikram Sahai
- Care Pro Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., I - 059, Site 5, Kasna Ind Area, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Greater Noida, UP, 201308, India
| | - Saroj Mishra
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz-Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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15
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The Mut+ strain of Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) expresses PAOX1 5 and 10 times faster than Muts and Mut− strains: evidence that formaldehyde or/and formate are true inducers of PAOX1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:7801-7814. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10793-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Nieto-Taype MA, Garcia-Ortega X, Albiol J, Montesinos-Seguí JL, Valero F. Continuous Cultivation as a Tool Toward the Rational Bioprocess Development With Pichia Pastoris Cell Factory. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:632. [PMID: 32671036 PMCID: PMC7330098 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) is currently considered one of the most promising hosts for recombinant protein production (RPP) and metabolites due to the availability of several tools to efficiently regulate the recombinant expression, its ability to perform eukaryotic post-translational modifications and to secrete the product in the extracellular media. The challenge of improving the bioprocess efficiency can be faced from two main approaches: the strain engineering, which includes enhancements in the recombinant expression regulation as well as overcoming potential cell capacity bottlenecks; and the bioprocess engineering, focused on the development of rational-based efficient operational strategies. Understanding the effect of strain and operational improvements in bioprocess efficiency requires to attain a robust knowledge about the metabolic and physiological changes triggered into the cells. For this purpose, a number of studies have revealed chemostat cultures to provide a robust tool for accurate, reliable, and reproducible bioprocess characterization. It should involve the determination of key specific rates, productivities, and yields for different C and N sources, as well as optimizing media formulation and operating conditions. Furthermore, studies along the different levels of systems biology are usually performed also in chemostat cultures. Transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic flux analysis, using different techniques like differential target gene expression, protein description and 13C-based metabolic flux analysis, are widely described as valued examples in the literature. In this scenario, the main advantage of a continuous operation relies on the quality of the homogeneous samples obtained under steady-state conditions, where both the metabolic and physiological status of the cells remain unaltered in an all-encompassing picture of the cell environment. This contribution aims to provide the state of the art of the different approaches that allow the design of rational strain and bioprocess engineering improvements in Pichia pastoris toward optimizing bioprocesses based on the results obtained in chemostat cultures. Interestingly, continuous cultivation is also currently emerging as an alternative operational mode in industrial biotechnology for implementing continuous process operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Nieto-Taype
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Garcia-Ortega
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joan Albiol
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - José Luis Montesinos-Seguí
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francisco Valero
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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17
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Munro R, de Vlugt J, Ladizhansky V, Brown LS. Improved Protocol for the Production of the Low-Expression Eukaryotic Membrane Protein Human Aquaporin 2 in Pichia pastoris for Solid-State NMR. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030434. [PMID: 32168846 PMCID: PMC7175339 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) is a powerful biophysical technique for studies of membrane proteins; it requires the incorporation of isotopic labels into the sample. This is usually accomplished through over-expression of the protein of interest in a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host in minimal media, wherein all (or some) carbon and nitrogen sources are isotopically labeled. In order to obtain multi-dimensional NMR spectra with adequate signal-to-noise ratios suitable for in-depth analysis, one requires high yields of homogeneously structured protein. Some membrane proteins, such as human aquaporin 2 (hAQP2), exhibit poor expression, which can make producing a sample for SSNMR in an economic fashion extremely difficult, as growth in minimal media adds additional strain on expression hosts. We have developed an optimized growth protocol for eukaryotic membrane proteins in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Our new growth protocol uses the combination of sorbitol supplementation, higher cell density, and low temperature induction (LT-SEVIN), which increases the yield of full-length, isotopically labeled hAQP2 ten-fold. Combining mass spectrometry and SSNMR, we were able to determine the nature and the extent of post-translational modifications of the protein. The resultant protein can be functionally reconstituted into lipids and yields excellent resolution and spectral coverage when analyzed by two-dimensional SSNMR spectroscopy.
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18
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Katla S, Pavan SS, Mohan N, Sivaprakasam S. Biocalorimetric monitoring of glycoengineered P. pastoris cultivation for the production of recombinant huIFNα2b: A quantitative study based on mixed feeding strategies. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e2971. [PMID: 31990134 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of glycoengineered Pichia pastoris by employing process analytical technology (PAT) tools is vital for gaining deeper insights into the therapeutic protein production process. The present study focuses on influence of mixed feed carbon substrates during the induction phases of glycoengineered P. pastoris cultivation, for recombinant human interferon α2b (huIFNα2b) production by employing calorimetric (biological heat rate, q B ) and respirometric (oxygen uptake rate and carbon dioxide evolution rate) measurements. Mixed feed stream of carbon substrates (methanol + glycerol, methanol + sorbitol) at a predetermined "C-molar ratios" were added during the induction phases. Methanol- and sorbitol-based mixed feeding approach resulted in an improved huIFNα2b titer of 288 mg/L by channeling of methanol predominantly towards an optimal functioning of AOX expression system. A stand-off between biomass yield Y X S and biomass heat yield Y Q X coefficient, degree of reduction of methanol and its cosubstrate (glycerol and sorbitol) determines the fraction of carbon energy channeled toward biomass and protein production, under strict aerobic conditions. Calorespirometric monitoring and assessment of thermal yields enables a reliable prediction of process variables, leading to futuristic efficient PAT-based feed rate control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Katla
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Satya Sai Pavan
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Naresh Mohan
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam
- BioPAT Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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19
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Parekh M, Ali A, Ali Z, Bateson S, Abugchem F, Pybus L, Lennon C. Microbioreactor for lower cost and faster optimisation of protein production. Analyst 2020; 145:6148-6161. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01266a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microbioreactor system, with inset the microbioreactor element, and an example cultivation growth profile showing dissolved oxygen, pH and dry cell weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Parekh
- Healthcare Innovation Centre
- School of Health and Life Sciences
- Teesside University
- Middlesbrough
- UK
| | - AbdulAziz Ali
- Healthcare Innovation Centre
- School of Health and Life Sciences
- Teesside University
- Middlesbrough
- UK
| | - Zulfiqur Ali
- Healthcare Innovation Centre
- School of Health and Life Sciences
- Teesside University
- Middlesbrough
- UK
| | - Simon Bateson
- Healthcare Innovation Centre
- School of Health and Life Sciences
- Teesside University
- Middlesbrough
- UK
| | - Fathi Abugchem
- Healthcare Innovation Centre
- School of Health and Life Sciences
- Teesside University
- Middlesbrough
- UK
| | - Leon Pybus
- FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies
- Billingham
- UK
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20
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Continuous fermentation of recombinant Pichia pastoris Mut+ producing HBsAg: Optimizing dilution rate and determining strain-specific parameters. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Jia L, Gao M, Yan J, Chen S, Sun J, Hua Q, Ding J, Shi Z. Evaluation of the sub-optimal induction strategies for heterologous proteins production by Pichia pastoris Mut+/MutS strains and related transcriptional and metabolic analysis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:180. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2562-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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22
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Emenike VN, Schenkendorf R, Krewer U. Model-based optimization of biopharmaceutical manufacturing in Pichia pastoris based on dynamic flux balance analysis. Comput Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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23
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Bankefa OE, Wang M, Zhu T, Li Y. Enhancing the secretion pathway maximizes the effects of mixed feeding strategy for glucose oxidase production in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-018-0211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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24
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Chen L, Mohsin A, Chu J, Zhuang Y, Liu Y, Guo M. Enhanced protein production by sorbitol co-feeding with methanol in recombinant Pichia pastoris strains. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Investigation of structure and function of mitochondrial alcohol dehydrogenase isozyme III from Komagataella phaffii GS115. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:1199-1208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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26
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Theron CW, Berrios J, Delvigne F, Fickers P. Integrating metabolic modeling and population heterogeneity analysis into optimizing recombinant protein production by Komagataella (Pichia) pastoris. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:63-80. [PMID: 29138907 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The methylotrophic yeast Komagataella (Pichia) pastoris has become one of the most utilized cell factories for the production of recombinant proteins over the last three decades. This success story is linked to its specific physiological traits, i.e., the ability to grow at high cell density in inexpensive culture medium and to secrete proteins at high yield. Exploiting methanol metabolism is at the core of most P. pastoris-based processes but comes with its own challenges. Co-feeding cultures with glycerol/sorbitol and methanol is a promising approach, which can benefit from improved understanding and prediction of metabolic response. The development of profitable processes relies on the construction and selection of efficient producing strains from less efficient ones but also depends on the ability to master the bioreactor process itself. More specifically, how a bioreactor processes could be monitored and controlled to obtain high yield of production. In this review, new perspectives are detailed regarding a multi-faceted approach to recombinant protein production processes by P. pastoris; including gaining improved understanding of the metabolic pathways involved, accounting for variations in transcriptional and translational efficiency at the single cell level and efficient monitoring and control of methanol levels at the bioreactor level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrispian W Theron
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège - Gembloux AgroBio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté, 2B, B-5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Julio Berrios
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2085, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Frank Delvigne
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège - Gembloux AgroBio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté, 2B, B-5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Patrick Fickers
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège - Gembloux AgroBio Tech, Avenue de la Faculté, 2B, B-5030, Gembloux, Belgium.
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Jia L, Tu T, Huai Q, Sun J, Chen S, Li X, Shi Z, Ding J. Enhancing monellin production by Pichia pastoris at low cell induction concentration via effectively regulating methanol metabolism patterns and energy utilization efficiency. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184602. [PMID: 28981536 PMCID: PMC5628809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In heterologous protein productions by P. pastoris, methanol induction is generally initiated when cell concentration reaches very high density. The alternative strategy by initiating methanol induction at lower cells concentration was also reported to be effective in easing DO control, reducing toxic by-metabolites accumulation and increasing targeted proteins titers. However, the methanol/energy regulation mechanisms are seldom reported. We theoretically analyzed the methanol/energy metabolisms in protein expression process with the strategies of initiating induction at higher or lower cells concentrations, using monellin production as a prototype. When initiating induction at lower cells concentration and controlling induction temperature at 30°C, monellin concentration reached the highest levels of 2.62~2.71 g/L, which was 2.5~4.9 fold of those obtained with the strategy of initiating induction at higher cells concentration. With the desired induction strategy, 1) carbon metabolism ratio directing into the precursors synthesis route for monellin production reached the highest level of 65%, carbon metabolism ratios towards to precursors synthesis and ATP regeneration routes were regulated at relatively balanced levels; 2) monellin synthesis was completely cell growth associated, with the largest associated coefficient and higher specific growth rate; 3) theoretical NADH (energy) utilization efficiency η was the highest, and η stayed high levels (≥0.8) during most period (89%) within induction phase to supply sufficient energy in supporting monellin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqiang Jia
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingyong Tu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiangqiang Huai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaowen Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Biology and Pharmaceutical engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongping Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (ZS); (JD)
| | - Jian Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail: (ZS); (JD)
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28
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Zahrl RJ, Peña DA, Mattanovich D, Gasser B. Systems biotechnology for protein production in Pichia pastoris. FEMS Yeast Res 2017; 17:4093073. [DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fox068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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29
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Berrios J, Flores MO, Díaz-Barrera A, Altamirano C, Martínez I, Cabrera Z. A comparative study of glycerol and sorbitol as co-substrates in methanol-induced cultures of Pichia pastoris: temperature effect and scale-up simulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 44:407-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The production of recombinant proteins by Pichia pastoris under AOX1 promoter is usually performed using methanol together with either glycerol or sorbitol as co-substrate. Although both co-substrates have been widely used, comparative studies are scarce. In addition, these comparisons have been performed at different specific growth rate (µ) that it is well known that has an important effect on productivity. Thus, the effect of using these co-substrates on the production of Rhyzopus oryzae lipase (ROL) by P. pastoris was compared in continuous cultures growing at the same µ at either 22 or 30 °C. Results show that using glycerol as co-substrate led to higher volumetric productivities, and lower specific and volumetric methanol consumption rates. Scale-up simulation with 10–10,000 L bioreactor sizes indicated that glycerol produced the highest volumetric productivity of ROL with lower aeration requirements. Therefore, glycerol rises as a better option than sorbitol in ROL production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Berrios
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
| | - María-Olga Flores
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Alvaro Díaz-Barrera
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Irene Martínez
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Zaida Cabrera
- grid.8170.e 0000000115375962 School of Biochemical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Av. Brasil 2085 Valparaíso Chile
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Medium optimization for high yield production of extracellular human interferon-γ from Pichia pastoris: A statistical optimization and neural network-based approach. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-016-0358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Enhancing the production of recombinant acidic α-amylase and phytase in Pichia pastoris under dual promoters [constitutive ( GAP ) and inducible ( AOX )] in mixed fed batch high cell density cultivation. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sun FF, Bai R, Yang H, Wang F, He J, Wang C, Tu M. Heterologous expression of codon optimized Trichoderma reesei Cel6A in Pichia pastoris. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 92:107-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Carly F, Niu H, Delvigne F, Fickers P. Influence of methanol/sorbitol co-feeding rate on pAOX1 induction in a Pichia pastoris Mut+ strain in bioreactor with limited oxygen transfer rate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 43:517-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-015-1722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
High Pichia pastoris biomass density could be obtained using high co-feeding rate of methanol and sorbitol in a fed-batch or continuous culture, while further higher feeding rate finally leads to oxygen limitation in bioreactor. In the literature, there is lack of report about AOX1 promoter regulation with regard to dissolved oxygen level (DO). Therefore, in this work, chemostat cultures were performed to investigate the cell growth, metabolism and regulation of the AOX1 promoter (pAOX1) regarding co-feeding rate of optimized methanol/sorbitol mixture (methanol fraction 0.60 C-mol/C-mol) using a P. pastoris Mut+/pAOX1-lacZ strain. The oxygen transfer rates (OTR) in bioreactor were kept in the range of typical values of large bioreactor, i.e., 4–8 g/(L h) if DO equals 30 % saturation or 5–10 g/(L h) if DO nears zero. For DO >0, an increase of the carbon fed led to an increase of pAOX1 induction. By contrast, when dissolved oxygen was completely depleted, methanol accumulated, causing a 30 % decrease of pAOX1 induction. However, this decrease is more likely to be lined to methanol accumulation than to low level of dissolved oxygen (<4 % DO). Methanol/sorbitol co-feeding allowed cells to adapt to oxygen transient limitations that often occur at industrial scale with reduced effect on pAOX1 induction. The optimal feeding rate tested here was 6.6 mmol C (DCW h)−1 at an OTR of 8.28 g O2(L h)−1 with over fivefold pAOX1 induction (probably directly associated with target protein productivity) compared with previous work.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Carly
- grid.4989.c 0000000123480746 Unité de Biotechnologies et Bioprocédés Université libre de Bruxelles Av Roosevelt 52, CP152/51 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - H Niu
- grid.7445.2 0000000121138111 Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Process Systems Engineering Imperial College London South Kensington Campus SW7 2AZ London England, UK
| | - F Delvigne
- grid.410510.1 0000000122979043 Microbial Processes and Interactions Université de Liège – Gembloux AgroBio Tech Passage des Déportés, 2 5030 Gembloux Belgium
| | - P Fickers
- grid.4989.c 0000000123480746 Unité de Biotechnologies et Bioprocédés Université libre de Bruxelles Av Roosevelt 52, CP152/51 1050 Brussels Belgium
- grid.410510.1 0000000122979043 Microbial Processes and Interactions Université de Liège – Gembloux AgroBio Tech Passage des Déportés, 2 5030 Gembloux Belgium
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Enhanced truncated-t-PA (CT-b) expression in high-cell-density fed-batch cultures of Pichia pastoris through optimization of a mixed feeding strategy by response surface methodology. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:565-73. [PMID: 26758714 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1538-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, Pichia pastoris has been the focal point of interest as an expression system for production of many recombinant proteins. The study and optimization of feeding strategy are of major importance to achieve maximum volumetric productivity in fed-batch cultivations. Among different feeding strategies used in P. pastoris fed-batch cultures, those trying to maintain a constant specific growth rate have usually resulted in superior productivities. The objective of the present study was to investigate and optimize the co-feeding of glycerol and methanol to attain maximum expression of t-PA in P. pastoris fed-batch cultures with constant specific growth rate. The experiments were designed by response surface methodology, considering the specific feeding rates of methanol and glycerol as independent variables. In each experiment, glycerol and methanol were fed according to a predetermined equation to maintain a constant specific growth rate. It was found that with glycerol feeding for higher specific growth rates, the inhibitory properties of glycerol are more pronounced, while the best expression level was achieved when the ratio of µ set glycerol to that of methanol was around 1.67. In all specific growth rates tested, almost a similar ratio of the specific glycerol feeding rate to that of methanol led to the maximum protein production and activity. The statistical model predicted the optimal operating conditions for µ set glycerol and that of methanol to be 0.05 and 0.03 h(-1), respectively. Applying the optimum strategy, maximum of 52 g/L biomass, 300 mg/L t-PA and 340,000 IU/mL enzyme activity were obtained.
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Irani ZA, Kerkhoven EJ, Shojaosadati SA, Nielsen J. Genome-scale metabolic model ofPichia pastoriswith native and humanized glycosylation of recombinant proteins. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:961-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Azimzadeh Irani
- Biotechnology Group; Faculty of Chemical Engineering; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Eduard J. Kerkhoven
- Systems and Synthetic Biology; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering; Chalmers University of Technology; Göteborg Sweden
| | | | - Jens Nielsen
- Systems and Synthetic Biology; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering; Chalmers University of Technology; Göteborg Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Hørsholm Denmark
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Capone S, Horvat J, Herwig C, Spadiut O. Development of a mixed feed strategy for a recombinant Pichia pastoris strain producing with a de-repression promoter. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:101. [PMID: 26156850 PMCID: PMC4561368 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recombinant protein production in the yeast Pichia pastoris is usually based on the alcohol oxidase promoters pAOX1 and pAOX2, which are regulated by methanol and strongly repressed by other C-sources, like glycerol and glucose. However, the use of methanol brings several disadvantages, which is why current trends in bioprocess development with P. pastoris are focussing on minimizing the required amount of methanol or even avoid its employment. In this respect novel promoter systems which do not rely on methanol have been investigated and promoter variants were designed to fine-tune gene expression. Amongst these novel promoter systems, mutated AOX promoters, which are regulated by available carbon source concentration (so-called de-repressed promoters), are currently raising attention. However, the main disadvantage of such a production system is that expression and growth usually cannot happen concomitantly resulting in low space–time-yields. Results Here we show the development of a mixed-feed strategy for an industrial recombinant P. pastoris de-repression strain aiming at increased productivity and maximum space–time-yield. By doing dynamic experiments we determined a ratio between the specific substrate uptake rates of glycerol and sorbitol allowing a more than 2-fold increased productivity compared to the conventional single substrate de-repression strategy. Conclusion Based on our results we recommend adjusting qs glycerol = 0.04 g g−1 h−1 and qs sorbitol = 0.055 g g−1 h−1 to obtain highest productivity with a P. pastoris de-repression strain. Our methodological approach of designing mixed-feed strategies based on physiological strain characterization using dynamic experiments proved to be beneficial. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-015-0292-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Capone
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jernej Horvat
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Christoph Herwig
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
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Curti E, Seid CA, Hudspeth E, Center L, Rezende W, Pollet J, Kwityn C, Hammond M, Matsunami RK, Engler DA, Hotez PJ, Elena Bottazzi M. Optimization and revision of the production process of the Necator americanus glutathione S-transferase 1 (Na-GST-1), the lead hookworm vaccine recombinant protein candidate. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 10:1914-25. [PMID: 25424799 PMCID: PMC4186034 DOI: 10.4161/hv.28872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection by the human hookworm Necator americanus is a leading cause of anemia and disability in the developing countries of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. In order to prevent childhood hookworm disease in resource poor settings, a recombinant vaccine is under development by the Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children’s Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, a Product Development Partnership (PDP). Previously, we reported on the expression and purification of a highly promising hookworm vaccine candidate, Na-GST-1, an N. americanus glutathione s-transferase expressed in Pichia pastoris (yeast), which led to production of 1.5 g of 95% pure recombinant protein at a 20L scale.1, 2, 3 This yield and purity of Na-GST-1 was sufficient for early pilot manufacturing and initial phase 1 clinical testing. However, based on the number of doses which would be required to allow mass vaccination and a potential goal to deliver a vaccine as inexpensively as possible, a higher yield of expression of the recombinant antigen at the lowest possible cost is highly desirable. Here we report on modifications to the fermentation (upstream process) of the antigen expressed in P. pastoris, and to the purification (downstream process) of the recombinant protein that allowed for a 2–3-fold improvement in the final yield of Na-GST-1 purified protein. The major improvements included upstream process changes such as the addition of a sorbitol pulse and co-feed during methanol induction as well as an extension of the induction stage to approximately 96 hours; downstream process changes included modifying the UFDF to flat sheet with a 10 kDa Molecular Weight cut-off (MWCO), adjusting the capacity of an ion-exchange chromatography step utilizing a gradient elution as opposed to the original step elution, and altering the hydrophobic interaction chromatography conditions. The full process, as well as the purity and stability profiles of the target Na-GST-1, and its formulation on Alhydrogel®, is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Curti
- a Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology; National School of Tropical Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
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Gao MJ, Zhan XB, Gao P, Zhang X, Dong SJ, Li Z, Shi ZP, Lin CC. Improving Performance and Operational Stability of Porcine Interferon-α Production by Pichia pastoris with Combinational Induction Strategy of Low Temperature and Methanol/Sorbitol Co-feeding. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 176:493-504. [PMID: 25875784 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Various induction strategies were investigated for effective porcine interferon-α (pIFN-α) production by Pichia pastoris in a 10 L fermenter. We found that pIFN-α concentration could be significantly improved with the strategies of low-temperature induction or methanol/sorbitol co-feeding. On this basis, a combinational strategy of induction at lower temperature (20 °C) with methanol/sorbitol co-feeding has been proposed for improvement of pIFN-α production. The results reveal that maximal pIFN-α concentration and antiviral activity reach the highest level of 2.7 g/L and 1.8 × 10(7) IU/mg with the proposed induction strategy, about 1.3-2.1 folds higher than those obtained with other sub-optimal induction strategies. Metabolic analysis and online multi-variable measurement results indicate that energy metabolic enrichment is responsible for the performance enhancement of pIFN-α production, as a large amount of ATP could be simultaneously produced from both formaldehyde oxidation pathway in methanol metabolism and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in sorbitol metabolism. In addition, the proposed combinational induction strategy enables P. pastoris to be resistant to high methanol concentration (42 g/L), which conceivably occur associating with the error-prone methanol over-feeding. As a result, the proposed combinational induction strategy simultaneously increased the targeted protein concentration and operational stability leading to significant improvement of pIFN-α production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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Çalık P, Ata Ö, Güneş H, Massahi A, Boy E, Keskin A, Öztürk S, Zerze GH, Özdamar TH. Recombinant protein production in Pichia pastoris under glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter: From carbon source metabolism to bioreactor operation parameters. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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40
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Enhanced expression of an industry applicable CotA laccase from Bacillus subtilis in Pichia pastoris by non-repressing carbon sources together with pH adjustment: Recombinant enzyme characterization and dye decolorization. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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41
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High-Level Extracellular Production of Glucose Oxidase by Recombinant Pichia Pastoris Using a Combined Strategy. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:1429-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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42
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Sibirny A, Madzak C, Fickers P. Genetic engineering of nonconventional yeasts for the production of valuable compounds. Microb Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1201/b17587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Bawa Z, Routledge SJ, Jamshad M, Clare M, Sarkar D, Dickerson I, Ganzlin M, Poyner DR, Bill RM. Functional recombinant protein is present in the pre-induction phases of Pichia pastoris cultures when grown in bioreactors, but not shake-flasks. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:127. [PMID: 25186468 PMCID: PMC4159547 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-014-0127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pichia pastoris is a widely-used host for recombinant protein production; expression is typically driven by methanol-inducible alcohol oxidase (AOX) promoters. Recently this system has become an important source of recombinant G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for structural biology and drug discovery. The influence of diverse culture parameters (such as pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, medium composition, antifoam concentration and culture temperature) on productivity has been investigated for a wide range of recombinant proteins in P. pastoris. In contrast, the impact of the pre-induction phases on yield has not been as closely studied. In this study, we examined the pre-induction phases of P. pastoris bioreactor cultivations producing three different recombinant proteins: the GPCR, human A2a adenosine receptor (hA2aR), green fluorescent protein (GFP) and human calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor component protein (as a GFP fusion protein; hCGRP-RCP-GFP). Results Functional hA2aR was detected in the pre-induction phases of a 1 L bioreactor cultivation of glycerol-grown P. pastoris. In a separate experiment, a glycerol-grown P. pastoris strain secreted soluble GFP prior to methanol addition. When glucose, which has been shown to repress AOX expression, was the pre-induction carbon source, hA2aR and GFP were still produced in the pre-induction phases. Both hA2aR and GFP were also produced in methanol-free cultivations; functional protein yields were maintained or increased after depletion of the carbon source. Analysis of the pre-induction phases of 10 L pilot scale cultivations also demonstrated that pre-induction yields were at least maintained after methanol induction, even in the presence of cytotoxic concentrations of methanol. Additional bioreactor data for hCGRP-RCP-GFP and shake-flask data for GFP, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), the human tetraspanins hCD81 and CD82, and the tight-junction protein human claudin-1, demonstrated that bioreactor but not shake-flask cultivations exhibit recombinant protein production in the pre-induction phases of P. pastoris cultures. Conclusions The production of recombinant hA2aR, GFP and hCGRP-RCP-GFP can be detected in bioreactor cultivations prior to methanol induction, while this is not the case for shake-flask cultivations of GFP, HRP, hCD81, hCD82 and human claudin-1. This confirms earlier suggestions of leaky expression from AOX promoters, which we report here for both glycerol- and glucose-grown cells in bioreactor cultivations. These findings suggest that the productivity of AOX-dependent bioprocesses is not solely dependent on induction by methanol. We conclude that in order to maximize total yields, pre-induction phase cultivation conditions should be optimized, and that increased specific productivity may result in decreased biomass yields. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-014-0127-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Roslyn M Bill
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom.
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Cedillo VB, Martínez MJ, Arnau C, Valero F. Production of a sterol esterase from Ophiostoma piceae in batch and fed-batch bioprocesses using different Pichia pastoris phenotypes as cell factory. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 30:1012-20. [PMID: 24930588 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The potential biotechnological applications for the Ophiostoma piceae sterol esterase (OPE) are conditioned to the availability of high enzyme amounts at low prices. This enzyme is a versatile biocatalyst with different biotechnological applications. In this work a systematic study on its heterologous production in different Pichia pastoris strains and operational strategies is presented. The best results were obtained using an AOX1 defective yeast strain in a fed-batch bioprocess using methanol as inducer substrate at a set point of 2.5 g L(-1) and sorbitol as cosubstrate by means of a preprogramed exponential feeding rate at a μ = 0.02 h(-1) , reaching 30 U mL(-1) of enzyme and a volumetric productivity of 403.5 U L(-1) h(-1) . These values are twofold higher than those obtained with a Mut(+) phenotype using methanol a sole carbon source. OPE was the main protein secreted by the yeast, 55% for Mut(s) versus 25% for Mut(+.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Barba Cedillo
- Environmental Biology Dept., Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid, 28040, Spain
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Jordà J, Rojas HC, Carnicer M, Wahl A, Ferrer P, Albiol J. Quantitative Metabolomics and Instationary 13C-Metabolic Flux Analysis Reveals Impact of Recombinant Protein Production on Trehalose and Energy Metabolism in Pichia pastoris. Metabolites 2014; 4:281-99. [PMID: 24957027 PMCID: PMC4101507 DOI: 10.3390/metabo4020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pichia pastoris has been recognized as an effective host for recombinant protein production. In this work, we combine metabolomics and instationary 13C metabolic flux analysis (INST 13C-MFA) using GC-MS and LC-MS/MS to evaluate the potential impact of the production of a Rhizopus oryzae lipase (Rol) on P. pastoris central carbon metabolism. Higher oxygen uptake and CO2 production rates and slightly reduced biomass yield suggest an increased energy demand for the producing strain. This observation is further confirmed by 13C-based metabolic flux analysis. In particular, the flux through the methanol oxidation pathway and the TCA cycle was increased in the Rol-producing strain compared to the reference strain. Next to changes in the flux distribution, significant variations in intracellular metabolite concentrations were observed. Most notably, the pools of trehalose, which is related to cellular stress response, and xylose, which is linked to methanol assimilation, were significantly increased in the recombinant strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Jordà
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Hugo Cueto Rojas
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Marc Carnicer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Aljoscha Wahl
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Pau Ferrer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Joan Albiol
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain.
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Hemmerich J, Adelantado N, Barrigón JM, Ponte X, Hörmann A, Ferrer P, Kensy F, Valero F. Comprehensive clone screening and evaluation of fed-batch strategies in a microbioreactor and lab scale stirred tank bioreactor system: application on Pichia pastoris producing Rhizopus oryzae lipase. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:36. [PMID: 24606982 PMCID: PMC4007594 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-13-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Pichia pastoris bioprocess engineering, classic approaches for clone selection and bioprocess optimization at small/micro scale using the promoter of the alcohol oxidase 1 gene (PAOX1), induced by methanol, present low reproducibility leading to high time and resource consumption. Results An automated microfermentation platform (RoboLector) was successfully tested to overcome the chronic problems of clone selection and optimization of fed-batch strategies. Different clones from Mut+P. pastoris phenotype strains expressing heterologous Rhizopus oryzae lipase (ROL), including a subset also overexpressing the transcription factor HAC1, were tested to select the most promising clones. The RoboLector showed high performance for the selection and optimization of cultivation media with minimal cost and time. Syn6 medium was better than conventional YNB medium in terms of production of heterologous protein. The RoboLector microbioreactor was also tested for different fed-batch strategies with three clones producing different lipase levels. Two mixed substrates fed-batch strategies were evaluated. The first strategy was the enzymatic release of glucose from a soluble glucose polymer by a glucosidase, and methanol addition every 24 hours. The second strategy used glycerol as co-substrate jointly with methanol at two different feeding rates. The implementation of these simple fed-batch strategies increased the levels of lipolytic activity 80-fold compared to classical batch strategies used in clone selection. Thus, these strategies minimize the risk of errors in the clone selection and increase the detection level of the desired product. Finally, the performance of two fed-batch strategies was compared for lipase production between the RoboLector microbioreactor and 5 liter stirred tank bioreactor for three selected clones. In both scales, the same clone ranking was achieved. Conclusion The RoboLector showed excellent performance in clone selection of P. pastoris Mut+ phenotype. The use of fed-batch strategies using mixed substrate feeds resulted in increased biomass and lipolytic activity. The automated processing of fed-batch strategies by the RoboLector considerably facilitates the operation of fermentation processes, while reducing error-prone clone selection by increasing product titers. The scale-up from microbioreactor to lab scale stirred tank bioreactor showed an excellent correlation, validating the use of microbioreactor as a powerful tool for evaluating fed-batch operational strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Frank Kensy
- m2p-labs GmbH, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Ring 2, Baesweiler 52499, Germany.
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Biological Real-Time Reaction Calorimeter Studies for the Production of Penicillin G Acylase from Bacillus badius. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:3736-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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48
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Jordà J, de Jesus SS, Peltier S, Ferrer P, Albiol J. Metabolic flux analysis of recombinant Pichia pastoris growing on different glycerol/methanol mixtures by iterative fitting of NMR-derived 13C-labelling data from proteinogenic amino acids. N Biotechnol 2014; 31:120-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Tunable recombinant protein expression with E. coli in a mixed-feed environment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:2937-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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