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Bogyó LZ, Török K, Illés Z, Szilvási A, Székely B, Bohács A, Pipek O, Madurka I, Megyesfalvi Z, Rényi-Vámos F, Döme B, Bogos K, Gieszer B, Bakos E. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection correlates with high MFI donor-specific antibody development following lung transplantation with consequential graft loss and shortened CLAD-free survival. Respir Res 2024; 25:262. [PMID: 38951782 PMCID: PMC11218249 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02868-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) are common following lung transplantation (LuTx), yet their role in graft damage is inconclusive. Mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) is the main read-out of DSA diagnostics; however its value is often disregarded when analyzing unwanted post-transplant outcomes such as graft loss or chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Here we aim to evaluate an MFI stratification method in these outcomes. METHODS A cohort of 87 LuTx recipients has been analyzed, in which a cutoff of 8000 MFI has been determined for high MFI based on clinically relevant data. Accordingly, recipients were divided into DSA-negative, DSA-low and DSA-high subgroups. Both graft survival and CLAD-free survival were evaluated. Among factors that may contribute to DSA development we analyzed Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) infection in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens. RESULTS High MFI DSAs contributed to clinical antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and were associated with significantly worse graft (HR: 5.77, p < 0.0001) and CLAD-free survival (HR: 6.47, p = 0.019) compared to low or negative MFI DSA levels. Analysis of BAL specimens revealed a strong correlation between DSA status, P. aeruginosa infection and BAL neutrophilia. DSA-high status and clinical AMR were both independent prognosticators for decreased graft and CLAD-free survival in our multivariate Cox-regression models, whereas BAL neutrophilia was associated with worse graft survival. CONCLUSIONS P. aeruginosa infection rates are elevated in recipients with a strong DSA response. Our results indicate that the simultaneous interpretation of MFI values and BAL neutrophilia is a feasible approach for risk evaluation and may help clinicians when to initiate DSA desensitization therapy, as early intervention could improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente Zoltán Bogyó
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Koranyi Frigyes ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
| | - Klára Török
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Koranyi Frigyes ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Illés
- Hungarian National Blood Transfusion Service, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anikó Szilvási
- Hungarian National Blood Transfusion Service, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Székely
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Anikó Bohács
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Pipek
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Eotvos Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Madurka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Koranyi Frigyes ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Koranyi Frigyes ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ferenc Rényi-Vámos
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Koranyi Frigyes ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Döme
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Koranyi Frigyes ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Krisztina Bogos
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Koranyi Frigyes ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary.
| | - Balázs Gieszer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary.
- National Korányi Institute of Pulmonology, Koranyi Frigyes ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary.
| | - Eszter Bakos
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Semmelweis University and National Institute of Oncology, Rath Gyorgy u. 7-9, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
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Jasim AS, Mohammed AL, Abbas WH, Ibraheim HK, Gharban HA. Identification of bla OXA-23 gene in resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from cows and humans in Basra province, Iraq. Vet World 2024; 17:1629-1636. [PMID: 39185049 PMCID: PMC11344103 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.1629-1636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an infectious agent of great importance for animals and humans. It causes serious infections that show high resistance to antibiotics. This study investigated the molecular detection of blaOXA-23 gene in antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa strains isolated from cows and humans. Materials and Methods In total, 120 samples, comprised 60 from cows (30 milk and 30 nasal discharge) and 60 from their owners (30 urine and 30 sputum), were individually collected, cultured, and tested for P. aeruginosa through molecular analysis targeting the blaOXA-23 gene. P. aeruginosa antibiotic-resistant isolates were identified by performing antibiotic susceptibility testing and detecting biofilm formation. Results In total, 74.17% positive P. aeruginosa isolates, including 66.67% and 81.67% for cows and humans, respectively. Subsequently, positive cow isolates were detected in 60% of milk samples and 73.33% of nasal discharge samples; while positive human isolates were detected in 76.67% of urine samples and 86.66% of sputum samples. Targeting blaOXA-23 gene, 58.43% of cultured isolates were positive for P. aeruginosa by polymerase chain reaction. Respectively, positive isolates were detected in 66.67% and 45.46% of cow milk and nasal discharges as well as in 60.87% and 61.54% of human urine and sputum. The antibiotic susceptibility test revealed that all isolates were resistant to all applied antibiotics, particularly imipenem. Results of biofilm formation revealed 67.31% total positives, including 51.43% strong, 34.285% moderate, and 14.285% weak reactions. In addition, although values of the total positive cows and humans differed insignificantly, total positives showed insignificant variation between values of milk and nasal discharges of cows as well as between urine and sputum of humans; however, significant differences were identified in the distribution of strong, moderate, and weak positivity of these samples. Conclusion Antibiotic overuse contributes extensively to increasing the prevalence of resistant P. aeruginosa isolates carrying the blaOXA-23 gene in both cows and humans. Furthermore, studies in other Iraqi areas are necessary to support our findings. The main limitations include that the number of tested samples is relatively low, and there is a need to use a large number of samples from different sources. Also, the current methods for detection of resistant isolates are still culture-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Sabti Jasim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq
| | - Abeer Laily Mohammed
- Department of Microbiology, Al-Zahraa College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq
| | - Wameedh Hashim Abbas
- Department of Microbiology, Al-Zahraa College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq
| | - Hanaa Khaleel Ibraheim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq
| | - Hasanain A.J. Gharban
- Department of Internal and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wasit, Wasit, Iraq
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3
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Nickerson R, Thornton CS, Johnston B, Lee AHY, Cheng Z. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chronic lung disease: untangling the dysregulated host immune response. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1405376. [PMID: 39015565 PMCID: PMC11250099 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1405376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly adaptable opportunistic pathogen capable of exploiting barriers and immune defects to cause chronic lung infections in conditions such as cystic fibrosis. In these contexts, host immune responses are ineffective at clearing persistent bacterial infection, instead driving a cycle of inflammatory lung damage. This review outlines key components of the host immune response to chronic P. aeruginosa infection within the lung, beginning with initial pathogen recognition, followed by a robust yet maladaptive innate immune response, and an ineffective adaptive immune response that propagates lung damage while permitting bacterial persistence. Untangling the interplay between host immunity and chronic P. aeruginosa infection will allow for the development and refinement of strategies to modulate immune-associated lung damage and potentiate the immune system to combat chronic infection more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhea Nickerson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Christina S. Thornton
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brent Johnston
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Amy H. Y. Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Zhenyu Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Chichón G, López M, de Toro M, Ruiz-Roldán L, Rojo-Bezares B, Sáenz Y. Spread of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST274 Clone in Different Niches: Resistome, Virulome, and Phylogenetic Relationship. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1561. [PMID: 37998763 PMCID: PMC10668709 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST274 is an international epidemic high-risk clone, mostly associated with hospital settings and appears to colonize cystic fibrosis (CF) patients worldwide. To understand the relevant mechanisms for its success, the biological and genomic characteristics of 11 ST274-P. aeruginosa strains from clinical and non-clinical origins were analyzed. The extensively drug-resistant (XDR/DTR), the non-susceptible to at least one agent (modR), and the lasR-truncated (by ISPsp7) strains showed a chronic infection phenotype characterized by loss of serotype-specific antigenicity and low motility. Furthermore, the XDR/DTR and modR strains presented low pigment production and biofilm formation, which were very high in the lasR-truncated strain. Their whole genome sequences were compared with other 14 ST274-P. aeruginosa genomes available in the NCBI database, and certain associations have been primarily detected: blaOXA-486 and blaPDC-24 genes, serotype O:3, exoS+/exoU- genotype, group V of type IV pili, and pyoverdine locus class II. Other general molecular markers highlight the absence of vqsM and pldA/tleS genes and the presence of the same mutational pattern in genes involving two-component sensor-regulator systems PmrAB and CreBD, exotoxin A, quorum-sensing RhlI, beta-lactamase expression regulator AmpD, PBP1A, or FusA2 elongation factor G. The proportionated ST274-P. aeruginosa results could serve as the basis for more specific studies focused on better antibiotic stewardship and new therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Chichón
- Área de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), C/Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - María López
- Área de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), C/Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - María de Toro
- Plataforma de Genómica y Bioinformática, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), C/Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Lidia Ruiz-Roldán
- Joint Research Unit “Infection and Public Health” FISABIO-University of Valencia, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology I2SysBio (CSIC-UV), Av. de Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rojo-Bezares
- Área de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), C/Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sáenz
- Área de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), C/Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
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Ghasemian S, Karami‐Zarandi M, Heidari H, Khoshnood S, Kouhsari E, Ghafourian S, Maleki A, Kazemian H. Molecular characterizations of antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence determinants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wound infection. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24850. [PMID: 36808649 PMCID: PMC10020843 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn injuries result in disruption of the skin barrier against opportunistic infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main infectious agents colonizing burn wounds and making severe infections. Biofilm production and other virulence factors along with antibiotic resistance limit appropriate treatment options and time. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wound samples were collected from hospitalized burn patients. P. aeruginosa isolates and related virulence factors identified by the standard biochemical and molecular methods. Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by the disc diffusion method and β-lactamase genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. To determine the genetic relatedness amongst the isolates, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR was also performed. RESULTS Forty P. aeruginosa isolates were identified. All of these isolates were biofilm producers. Carbapenem resistance was detected in 40% of the isolates, and blaTEM (37/5%), blaVIM (30%), and blaCTX-M (20%) were the most common β-lactamase genes. The highest resistance was detected to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, meropenem, imipenem and piperacillin, and 16 (40%) isolates were resistant to these antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of colistin was lower than 2 μg/mL and no resistance was observed. Isolates were categorized to 17 MDR, 13 mono-drug resistance, and 10 susceptible isolates. High genetic diversity was also observed among the isolates (28 ERIC types) and most carbapenem-resistant isolates were classified into four main types. CONCLUSION Antibiotic resistance, particularly carbapenem resistance was considerable among the P. aeruginosa isolates colonizing burn wounds. Combining carbapenem resistance with biofilm production and virulence factors would result in severe and difficult-to-treat infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Ghasemian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of MedicineIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
| | - Morteza Karami‐Zarandi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of MedicineZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
| | - Hamid Heidari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of MedicineShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Saeed Khoshnood
- Clinical Microbiology Research CenterIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
| | - Ebrahim Kouhsari
- Laboratory Sciences Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of ParamedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Sobhan Ghafourian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of MedicineIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
| | - Abbas Maleki
- Clinical Microbiology Research CenterIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
| | - Hossein Kazemian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of MedicineIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
- Clinical Microbiology Research CenterIlam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran
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Wells M, Schneider R, Bhattarai B, Currie H, Chavez B, Christopher G, Rumbaugh K, Gordon V. Perspective: The viscoelastic properties of biofilm infections and mechanical interactions with phagocytic immune cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1102199. [PMID: 36875516 PMCID: PMC9978752 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are viscoelastic materials that are a prominent public health problem and a cause of most chronic bacterial infections, in large part due to their resistance to clearance by the immune system. Viscoelastic materials combine both solid-like and fluid-like mechanics, and the viscoelastic properties of biofilms are an emergent property of the intercellular cohesion characterizing the biofilm state (planktonic bacteria do not have an equivalent property). However, how the mechanical properties of biofilms are related to the recalcitrant disease that they cause, specifically to their resistance to phagocytic clearance by the immune system, remains almost entirely unstudied. We believe this is an important gap that is ripe for a large range of investigations. Here we present an overview of what is known about biofilm infections and their interactions with the immune system, biofilm mechanics and their potential relationship with phagocytosis, and we give an illustrative example of one important biofilm-pathogen (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) which is the most-studied in this context. We hope to inspire investment and growth in this relatively-untapped field of research, which has the potential to reveal mechanical properties of biofilms as targets for therapeutics meant to enhance the efficacy of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Wells
- Department of Physics, Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Rebecca Schneider
- Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Bikash Bhattarai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Hailey Currie
- Department of Physics, Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Bella Chavez
- Department of Physics, Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Gordon Christopher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Kendra Rumbaugh
- Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Vernita Gordon
- Department of Physics, Center for Nonlinear Dynamics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- LaMontagne Center for Infectious Disease, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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7
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Li W, Xiao X, Qi Y, Lin X, Hu H, Shi M, Zhou M, Jiang W, Liu L, Chen K, Wang K, Liu R, Zhou M. Host-Defense-Peptide-Mimicking β-Peptide Polymer Acting as a Dual-Modal Antibacterial Agent by Interfering Quorum Sensing and Killing Individual Bacteria Simultaneously. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0051. [PMID: 36930779 PMCID: PMC10014070 DOI: 10.34133/research.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Host defense peptides (HDPs) are one of the potentially promising agents for infection diseases due to their broad spectrum and low resistance rate, but their clinical applications are limited by proteolytic instability, high-cost, and complicated synthesis process. Here, we report a host-defense-peptide-mimicking β-peptide polymer that resists proteolysis to have enhanced the activity under physiological conditions, excellent antimicrobial efficiency even at high density of bacteria, and low cost for preparation. The β-peptide polymer demonstrated quorum sensing (QS) interference and bactericidal effect against both bacterial communities and individual bacterium to simultaneously block bacterial communication and disrupt bacterial membranes. The hierarchical QS network was suppressed, and main QS signaling systems showed considerably down-regulated gene expression, resulting in excellent biofilm eradication and virulence reduction effects. The dual-modal antibacterial ability possessed excellent therapeutic effects in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia, which could inhibit biofilm formation and exhibit better antibacterial and anti-inflammatory efficiency than clinically used antibiotics, levofloxacin. Furthermore, the β-peptide polymer also showed excellent therapeutic effect Escherichia coli pyogenic liver abscess. Together, we believed that the β-peptide polymer had a feasible clinical potential to treat bacterial infection diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 223300, China.,University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuchen Qi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Xiuhui Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huiqun Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Minqi Shi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weinan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Longqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kai Wang
- University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 223300, China.,University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.,State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentations, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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8
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Cangui-Panchi SP, Ñacato-Toapanta AL, Enríquez-Martínez LJ, Salinas-Delgado GA, Reyes J, Garzon-Chavez D, Machado A. Battle royale: Immune response on biofilms – host-pathogen interactions. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 4:100057. [PMID: 37025390 PMCID: PMC10070391 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2023.100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The research interest of the scientific community in biofilm-forming microorganisms is growing due to the problems caused by their infections affecting humans and animals, mainly because of the difficulty of the host immune system in eradicating these microbial complex communities and the increasing antimicrobial resistance rates worldwide. This review describes the virulence factors and their interaction with the microbial communities of four well-known and highly biofilm-forming pathogens, more exactly, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., and Candida spp. The innate and adaptive immune responses caused by the infection with these microorganisms and their evasion to the host immune system by biofilm formation are discussed in the present work. The relevance of the differences in the expression of certain virulence factors and the immune response in biofilm-associated infections when compared to planktonic infections is usually described as the biofilm architecture protects the pathogen and alters the host immune responses, here we extensively discussed these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pamela Cangui-Panchi
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Anahí Lizbeth Ñacato-Toapanta
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Leonardo Joshué Enríquez-Martínez
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Gabriela Alexandra Salinas-Delgado
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Reyes
- Hospital del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS) Quito-Sur, Quito, Ecuador
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Garzon-Chavez
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud, Quito, Ecuador
| | - António Machado
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
- Corresponding author.
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9
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Ciofu O, Moser C, Jensen PØ, Høiby N. Tolerance and resistance of microbial biofilms. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:621-635. [PMID: 35115704 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00682-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 166.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic infections caused by microbial biofilms represent an important clinical challenge. The recalcitrance of microbial biofilms to antimicrobials and to the immune system is a major cause of persistence and clinical recurrence of these infections. In this Review, we present the extent of the clinical problem, and the mechanisms underlying the tolerance of biofilms to antibiotics and to host responses. We also explore the role of biofilms in the development of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Ciofu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Claus Moser
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Østrup Jensen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Høiby
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Malcolm KC, Wheeler EA, Calhoun K, Lenhart-Pendergrass PM, Rysavy N, Poch KR, Caceres SM, Saavedra MT, Nick JA. Specificity of Immunoglobulin Response to Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infection in People with Cystic Fibrosis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0187422. [PMID: 35863022 PMCID: PMC9430546 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01874-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections are increasingly prevalent in chronic lung diseases, including cystic fibrosis (CF). Mycobacterium abscessus is of particular concern due to relatively greater virulence and intrinsic antimicrobial resistance. Airway culture identification, the standard method for detecting pulmonary infection, is hindered by low sensitivity, long culture times, and reliance on sputum production or lavage. A culture-independent test for detecting NTM infection could complement, or replace, sputum culture, which is becoming more difficult to obtain with reduced sputum production by people with CF (pwCF) on highly effective modulator therapy. We describe an assay for the detection of plasma anti-M. abscessus antibodies of pwCF to antigens from M. abscessus lysates. Anti-M. abscessus IgG and IgA, but not IgM, discriminated with high specificity subjects infected with M. abscessus from those infected by M. avium complex, and from those with distant or no NTM infections. The IgG3 subclass predominated with minor contributions by other subclasses. Both aqueous and organic soluble antigens were recognized by plasma IgG. A validation cohort measuring IgG and IgG3 identified M. abscessus positive subjects, and elevated IgG was sustained over several years. These studies show the benefit of M. abscessus cell lysates to detect plasma IgG of subjects with CF and M. abscessus infections. Subclass analysis suggests that IgG3 is the predominant subtype in these subjects with chronic bacterial infections suggesting a defect in class maturation. Serodiagnosis could be useful to monitor M. abscessus group infections in chronic lung disease as an adjunct or alternative to culture. IMPORTANCE Lung infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), and particularly Mycobacterium abscessus, a pathogen with high antibiotic resistance, are of great concern due to poor clinical outcomes and challenging detection in people with cystic fibrosis and other diseases. Standard detection methods are insensitive and increasingly difficult. We describe the measurement of NTM-specific antibodies from plasma to identify subjects infected with M. abscessus. The assay is sensitive and provides information on the immune response to NTM infections. This assay could be used to help identify subjects with NTM pulmonary infections and track disease progression, either alone or in conjunction with other tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth C Malcolm
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Healthgrid.240341.0, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily A Wheeler
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Healthgrid.240341.0, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Kara Calhoun
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Noel Rysavy
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Healthgrid.240341.0, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Katie R Poch
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Healthgrid.240341.0, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Silvia M Caceres
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Healthgrid.240341.0, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Milene T Saavedra
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Healthgrid.240341.0, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jerry A Nick
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Healthgrid.240341.0, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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11
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Immune Response to Biofilm Growing Pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092064. [PMID: 36140163 PMCID: PMC9495460 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm infections are tolerant to the host responses and recalcitrance to antibiotic drugs and disinfectants. The induced host-specific innate and adaptive immune responses by established biofilms are significantly implicated and contributes to the course of the infections. Essentially, the host response may be the single one factor impacting the outcome most, especially in cases where the biofilm is caused by low virulent opportunistic bacterial species. Due to the chronicity of biofilm infections, activation of the adaptive immune response mechanisms is frequently experienced, and instead of clearing the infection, the adaptive response adds to the pathogenesis. To a high degree, this has been reported for chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections, where both a pronounced antibody response and a skewed Th1/Th2 balance has been related to a poorer outcome. In addition, detection of an adaptive immune response can be used as a significant indicator of a chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection and is included in the clinical definitions as such. Those issues are presented in the present review, along with a characterization of the airway structure in relation to immune responses towards P. aeruginosa pulmonary infections.
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12
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Killough M, Rodgers AM, Ingram RJ. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Recent Advances in Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10071100. [PMID: 35891262 PMCID: PMC9320790 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic human pathogen. Using its arsenal of virulence factors and its intrinsic ability to adapt to new environments, P. aeruginosa causes a range of complicated acute and chronic infections in immunocompromised individuals. Of particular importance are burn wound infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and chronic infections in people with cystic fibrosis. Antibiotic resistance has rendered many of these infections challenging to treat and novel therapeutic strategies are limited. Multiple clinical studies using well-characterised virulence factors as vaccine antigens over the last 50 years have fallen short, resulting in no effective vaccination being available for clinical use. Nonetheless, progress has been made in preclinical research, namely, in the realms of antigen discovery, adjuvant use, and novel delivery systems. Herein, we briefly review the scope of P. aeruginosa clinical infections and its major important virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Killough
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK;
| | - Aoife Maria Rodgers
- Department of Biology, The Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, R51 A021 Maynooth, Ireland;
| | - Rebecca Jo Ingram
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK;
- Correspondence:
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13
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Ionov S, Lee J. An Immunoproteomic Survey of the Antibody Landscape: Insights and Opportunities Revealed by Serological Repertoire Profiling. Front Immunol 2022; 13:832533. [PMID: 35178051 PMCID: PMC8843944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.832533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoproteomics has emerged as a versatile tool for analyzing the antibody repertoire in various disease contexts. Until recently, characterization of antibody molecules in biological fluids was limited to bulk serology, which identifies clinically relevant features of polyclonal antibody responses. The past decade, however, has seen the rise of mass-spectrometry-enabled proteomics methods that have allowed profiling of the antibody response at the molecular level, with the disease-specific serological repertoire elucidated in unprecedented detail. In this review, we present an up-to-date survey of insights into the disease-specific immunological repertoire by examining how quantitative proteomics-based approaches have shed light on the humoral immune response to infection and vaccination in pathogenic illnesses, the molecular basis of autoimmune disease, and the tumor-specific repertoire in cancer. We address limitations of this technology with a focus on emerging potential solutions and discuss the promise of high-resolution immunoproteomics in therapeutic discovery and novel vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
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14
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Singh A, Amod A, Pandey P, Bose P, Pingali MS, Shivalkar S, Varadwaj P, Sahoo A, Samanta S. Bacterial biofilm infections, their resistance to antibiotics therapy and current treatment strategies. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35105823 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac50f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nearly 80% of human chronic infections are caused due to bacterial biofilm formation. This is the most leading cause for failure of medical implants resulting in high morbidity and mortality. In addition, biofilms are also known to cause serious problems in food industry. Biofilm impart enhanced antibiotic resistance and become recalcitrant to host immune responses leading to persistent and recurrent infections. It makes the clinical treatment for biofilm infections very difficult. Reduced penetration of antibiotic molecules through EPS, mutation of the target site, accumulation of antibiotic degrading enzymes, enhanced expression of efflux pump genes are the probable causes for antibiotics resistance. Accordingly, strategies like administration of topical antibiotics and combined therapy of antibiotics with antimicrobial peptides are considered for alternate options to overcome the antibiotics resistance. A number of other remediation strategies for both biofilm inhibition and dispersion of established biofilm have been developed. The metallic nanoparticles and their oxides have recently gained a tremendous thrust as antibiofilm therapy for their unique features. This present comprehensive review gives the understanding of antibiotic resistance mechanisms of biofilm and provides an overview of various currently available biofilm remediation strategies, focusing primarily on the applications of metallic nanoparticles and their oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Singh
- Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad, UP, India, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211012, INDIA
| | - Ayush Amod
- Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, UP, India, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211012, INDIA
| | | | - Pranay Bose
- KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, 751024, INDIA
| | - M Shivapriya Pingali
- Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, UP, India, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211012, INDIA
| | - Saurabh Shivalkar
- Applied Sciences, IIIT Allahabad, UP, India, Allahabad, 211012, INDIA
| | - Pritish Varadwaj
- Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad, India, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211012, INDIA
| | - Amaresh Sahoo
- Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad, UP, India, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211012, INDIA
| | - Sintu Samanta
- Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad, India, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211012, INDIA
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15
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Combination and nanotechnology based pharmaceutical strategies for combating respiratory bacterial biofilm infections. Int J Pharm 2022; 616:121507. [PMID: 35085729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory infections are one of the major global health problems. Among them, chronic respiratory infections caused by biofilm formation are difficult to treat because of both drug tolerance and poor drug penetration into the complex biofilm structure. A major part of the current research on combating respiratory biofilm infections have been focused on destroying the matrix of extracellular polymeric substance and eDNA of the biofilm or promoting the penetration of antibiotics through the extracellular polymeric substance via delivery technologies in order to kill the bacteria inside. There are also experimental data showing that certain inhaled antibiotics with simple formulations can effectively penetrate EPS to kill surficially located bacteria and centrally located dormant bacteria or persisters. This article aims to review recent advances in the pharmaceutical strategies for combating respiratory biofilm infections with a focus on nanotechnology-based drug delivery approaches. The formation and characteristics of bacterial biofilm infections in the airway mucus are presented, which is followed by a brief review on the current clinical approaches to treat respiratory biofilm infections by surgical removal and antimicrobial therapy, and also the emerging clinical treatment approaches. The current combination of antibiotics and non-antibiotic adjuvants to combat respiratory biofilm infections are also discussed.
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16
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Bernal-Mercado AT, Juarez J, Valdez MA, Ayala-Zavala JF, Del-Toro-Sánchez CL, Encinas-Basurto D. Hydrophobic Chitosan Nanoparticles Loaded with Carvacrol against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030699. [PMID: 35163966 PMCID: PMC8839698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections have become more challenging to treat and eradicate due to their ability to form biofilms. This study aimed to produce hydrophobic nanoparticles by grafting 11-carbon and three-carbon alkyl chains to a chitosan polymer as a platform to carry and deliver carvacrol for improving its antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. Carvacrol–chitosan nanoparticles showed ζ potential values of 10.5–14.4 mV, a size of 140.3–166.6 nm, and an encapsulation efficiency of 25.1–68.8%. Hydrophobic nanoparticles reduced 46–53% of the biomass and viable cells (7–25%) within P. aeruginosa biofilms. Diffusion of nanoparticles through the bacterial biofilm showed a higher penetration of nanoparticles created with 11-carbon chain chitosan than those formulated with unmodified chitosan. The interaction of nanoparticles with a 50:50 w/w phospholipid mixture at the air–water interface was studied, and values suggested that viscoelasticity and fluidity properties were modified. The modified nanoparticles significantly reduced viable P. aeruginosa in biofilms (0.078–2.0 log CFU·cm−2) and swarming motility (40–60%). Furthermore, the formulated nanoparticles reduced the quorum sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum. This study revealed that modifying the chitosan polarity to synthesize more hydrophobic nanoparticles could be an effective treatment against P. aeruginosa biofilms to decrease its virulence and pathogenicity, mainly by increasing their ability to interact with the membrane phospholipids and penetrate preformed biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Thalia Bernal-Mercado
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico; (A.T.B.-M.); (C.L.D.-T.-S.)
| | - Josué Juarez
- Departamento de Física, Posgrado de Nanotecnología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico; (J.J.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Miguel Angel Valdez
- Departamento de Física, Posgrado de Nanotecnología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico; (J.J.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Jesus Fernando Ayala-Zavala
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo 83304, Mexico;
| | - Carmen Lizette Del-Toro-Sánchez
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico; (A.T.B.-M.); (C.L.D.-T.-S.)
| | - David Encinas-Basurto
- Departamento de Física, Posgrado de Nanotecnología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N, Col. Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico; (J.J.); (M.A.V.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Potential Therapeutic Targets for Combination Antibody Therapy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10121530. [PMID: 34943742 PMCID: PMC8698887 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in antimicrobial therapy and even the advent of some effective vaccines, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) remains a significant cause of infectious disease, primarily due to antibiotic resistance. Although P. aeruginosa is commonly treatable with readily available therapeutics, these therapies are not always efficacious, particularly for certain classes of patients (e.g., cystic fibrosis (CF)) and for drug-resistant strains. Multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa infections are listed on both the CDC’s and WHO’s list of serious worldwide threats. This increasing emergence of drug resistance and prevalence of P. aeruginosa highlights the need to identify new therapeutic strategies. Combinations of monoclonal antibodies against different targets and epitopes have demonstrated synergistic efficacy with each other as well as in combination with antimicrobial agents typically used to treat these infections. Such a strategy has reduced the ability of infectious agents to develop resistance. This manuscript details the development of potential therapeutic targets for polyclonal antibody therapies to combat the emergence of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa infections. In particular, potential drug targets for combinational immunotherapy against P. aeruginosa are identified to combat current and future drug resistance.
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18
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Planktonic and Biofilm-Associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis Elicit Differential Human Peripheral Blood Cell Responses. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091846. [PMID: 34576742 PMCID: PMC8470397 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the considerable progress made in recent years, our understanding of the human immune response to microbial biofilms is still poor. The aim of the present study was to compare the in vitro response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to biofilms and planktonic cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis, two bacterial species particularly relevant in patients with cystic fibrosis or undergoing endovascular catheterization, respectively. PBMC isolated from healthy donors were co-cultured with 24 h-old biofilms or with exponentially growing cells of both species. Following 24 h of co-culture, the expression of early activation markers and the levels of cytokines in the culture supernatants were assessed by flow cytometry, while biofilm biomass and architecture were evaluated by crystal violet staining, CFU count, and confocal microscopy. Around 20% of PBMC was activated in response to both biofilms and planktonic cells of P. aeruginosa. In contrast, planktonic cells of S. epidermidis induced a statistically higher degree of activation than their biofilm counterpart (25% versus 15%; p < 0.01). P. aeruginosa biofilms stimulated pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine production at statistically significant levels higher than its planktonic counterpart, while an opposite trend was observed with S. epidermidis. Differences in the architecture of the biofilms and in the number of PBMC infiltrating the biofilms between the two bacterial species may at least partially explain these findings. Collectively, the results obtained highlighted marked differences in the host–cell response depending on the species and the mode of growth (biofilms versus planktonic cultures), allowing speculations on the different strategies adopted by P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis to persist in the host during the course of chronic infections.
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19
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Enos A, Kumar P, Lassiter B, Sampson A, Hair P, Krishna N, Cunnion K. Peptide inhibition of neutrophil-mediated injury after in vivo challenge with supernatant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and immune-complexes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254353. [PMID: 34242348 PMCID: PMC8270186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are recognized for their role in host defense against pathogens as well as inflammatory conditions mediated through many mechanisms including neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). NETs are increasingly appreciated as a major contributor in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as cystic fibrosis. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a key neutrophil granule enzyme mediates generation of hypochlorous acid which, when extracellular, can cause host tissue damage. To better understand the role played by neutrophils in inflammatory diseases, we measured and modulated myeloperoxidase activity and NETs in vivo, utilizing a rat peritonitis model. RLS-0071 is a 15 amino acid peptide that has been shown to inhibit myeloperoxidase activity and NET formation in vitro. The rat model of inflammatory peritonitis was induced with intraperitoneal injection of either P. aeruginosa supernatant or immune-complexes. After euthanasia, a peritoneal wash was performed and measured for myeloperoxidase activity and free DNA as a surrogate for measurement of NETs. P. aeruginosa supernatant caused a 2-fold increase in MPO activity and free DNA when injected IP. Immune-complexes injected IP increased myeloperoxidase activity and free DNA 2- fold. RLS-0071 injection decreased myeloperoxidase activity and NETs in the peritoneal fluid generally to baseline levels in the presence of P. aeruginosa supernatant or immune-complexes. Taken together, RLS-0071 demonstrated the ability to inhibit myeloperoxidase activity and NET formation in vivo when initiated by different inflammatory stimuli including shed or secreted bacterial constituents as well as immune-complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianne Enos
- ReAlta Life Sciences Inc, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Parvathi Kumar
- ReAlta Life Sciences Inc, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
- Children’s Hospital of The King’s Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Brittany Lassiter
- ReAlta Life Sciences Inc, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Alana Sampson
- ReAlta Life Sciences Inc, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Pamela Hair
- ReAlta Life Sciences Inc, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Neel Krishna
- ReAlta Life Sciences Inc, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Kenji Cunnion
- ReAlta Life Sciences Inc, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
- Children’s Hospital of The King’s Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
- Children’s Specialty Group, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America
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20
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Pandey JP, Namboodiri AM, Nietert PJ, Knowles MR, Pace RG, Pier GB. Immunoglobulin GM and KM allotypes are associated with antibody responses to Pseudomonas aeruginosa antigens in chronically infected cystic fibrosis patients. J Cyst Fibros 2021; 20:1080-1084. [PMID: 34246573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a leading cause of death in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Immunobiology of P. aeruginosa infection is complex and not well understood. Chronically infected CF patients generate high levels of antibodies to P. aeruginosa, but this response does not lead to clinical improvement. Therefore, additional studies aimed at identification and understanding of the host factors that influence naturally occurring immune responses to P. aeruginosa are needed. In this investigation, we evaluated the contribution of immunoglobulin GM (γ marker) and KM (κ marker) allotypes to the antibody responses to P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O1, O6, O11, and alginate antigens and the broadly-conserved surface polysaccharide expressed by many microbial pathogens, poly-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (PNAG), in 58 chronically infected CF patients. METHODS IgG1 markers GM 3 and 17 and IgG2 markers GM 23- and 23+ were determined by a pre-designed TaqMan® genotyping assay. The κ chain determinants KM 1 and 3 were characterized by PCR-RFLP. Antibodies to the LPS O antigens, alginate, and PNAG were measured by an ELISA. RESULTS Several significant associations were noted with KM alleles. Particular KM 1/3 genotypes were individually and epistatically (with GM 3/17) associated with the level of IgG antibodies to O1, O11, alginate, and PNAG antigens. CONCLUSIONS Immunoglobulin GM and KM genotypes influence the magnitude of humoral immunity to LPS O, alginate, and PNAG antigens. These results, if confirmed in a larger study population, will be helpful in devising novel immunotherapeutic approaches against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janardan P Pandey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States.
| | - Aryan M Namboodiri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Paul J Nietert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States
| | - Michael R Knowles
- Department of Medicine, Marsico Lung Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Rhonda G Pace
- Department of Medicine, Marsico Lung Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Gerald B Pier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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21
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Margalit A, Carolan JC, Kavanagh K. Bacterial Interactions with Aspergillus fumigatus in the Immunocompromised Lung. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020435. [PMID: 33669831 PMCID: PMC7923216 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunocompromised airways are susceptible to infections caused by a range of pathogens which increases the opportunity for polymicrobial interactions to occur. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are the predominant causes of pulmonary infection for individuals with respiratory disorders such as cystic fibrosis (CF). The spore-forming fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, is most frequently isolated with P. aeruginosa, and co-infection results in poor outcomes for patients. It is therefore clinically important to understand how these pathogens interact with each other and how such interactions may contribute to disease progression so that appropriate therapeutic strategies may be developed. Despite its persistence in the airways throughout the life of a patient, A. fumigatus rarely becomes the dominant pathogen. In vitro interaction studies have revealed remarkable insights into the molecular mechanisms that drive agonistic and antagonistic interactions that occur between A. fumigatus and pulmonary bacterial pathogens such as P. aeruginosa. Crucially, these studies demonstrate that although bacteria may predominate in a competitive environment, A. fumigatus has the capacity to persist and contribute to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin Kavanagh
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-1-708-3859; Fax: +353-1-708-3845
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22
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Sainz-Mejías M, Jurado-Martín I, McClean S. Understanding Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Host Interactions: The Ongoing Quest for an Efficacious Vaccine. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122617. [PMID: 33291484 PMCID: PMC7762141 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of chronic respiratory infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchiectasis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute infections in immunocompromised individuals. The adaptability of this opportunistic pathogen has hampered the development of antimicrobial therapies, and consequently, it remains a major threat to public health. Due to its antimicrobial resistance, vaccines represent an alternative strategy to tackle the pathogen, yet despite over 50 years of research on anti-Pseudomonas vaccines, no vaccine has been licensed. Nevertheless, there have been many advances in this field, including a better understanding of the host immune response and the biology of P. aeruginosa. Multiple antigens and adjuvants have been investigated with varying results. Although the most effective protective response remains to be established, it is clear that a polarised Th2 response is sub-optimal, and a mixed Th1/Th2 or Th1/Th17 response appears beneficial. This comprehensive review collates the current understanding of the complexities of P. aeruginosa-host interactions and its implication in vaccine design, with a view to understanding the current state of Pseudomonal vaccine development and the direction of future efforts. It highlights the importance of the incorporation of appropriate adjuvants to the protective antigen to yield optimal protection.
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Aminnezhad S, Abdi-Ali A, Ghazanfari T, Bandehpour M, Zarrabi M. Immunoinformatics design of multivalent chimeric vaccine for modulation of the immune system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 85:104462. [PMID: 32682863 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Increasing in drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and high mortality and morbidity rate have become a health challenge worldwide; therefore, developing the novel therapeutic strategies such as immunogenic vaccine candidate are required. Despite a substantial research effort, the future of immunization against P. aeruginosa due to failure in covering two separate stages of infection, and furthermore, inducing ineffective type of immune response, still remains controversial. In this study, immunoinformatics approach was utilized to design multivalent chimeric vaccine from both stages of infection containing Lectin, HIV TAT peptide, N-terminal fragment of exotoxin A and Epi8 of outer membrane protein F (OprF) with hydrophobic linkers which have a high density of B-cell, T Lymphocytes (HTL), T Lymphocytes (CTL), and IFN-γ epitopes. The physicochemical properties, antigenicity, and allergenicity for designed vaccine were analyzed. 3D model generation and refinement further validation of the final vaccine were followed by computational docking with molecular dynamics analyses that demonstrated high- affinity interaction between vaccine and TLR-4. Finally, designed vaccine was in silico cloned in pET22b. We have expected that the designed vaccine able to elucidate innate, humoral and cellular innate immune responses and control the interaction of P. aeruginosa with host and maybe overcome to P. aeruginosa vaccines drawback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sargol Aminnezhad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahya Abdi-Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tooba Ghazanfari
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mojgan Bandehpour
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobe Zarrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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Almughem FA, Aldossary AM, Tawfik EA, Alomary MN, Alharbi WS, Alshahrani MY, Alshehri AA. Cystic Fibrosis: Overview of the Current Development Trends and Innovative Therapeutic Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E616. [PMID: 32630625 PMCID: PMC7407299 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive genetic disease, is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). This mutation reduces the release of chloride ions (Cl-) in epithelial tissues, and hyperactivates the epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) which aid in the absorption of sodium ions (Na+). Consequently, the mucus becomes dehydrated and thickened, making it a suitable medium for microbial growth. CF causes several chronic lung complications like thickened mucus, bacterial infection and inflammation, progressive loss of lung function, and ultimately, death. Until recently, the standard of clinical care in CF treatment had focused on preventing and treating the disease complications. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge on CF pathogenesis and provided an outlook on the current therapeutic approaches relevant to CF (i.e., CFTR modulators and ENaC inhibitors). The enormous potential in targeting bacterial biofilms using antibiofilm peptides, and the innovative therapeutic strategies in using the CRISPR/Cas approach as a gene-editing tool to repair the CFTR mutation have been reviewed. Finally, we have discussed the wide range of drug delivery systems available, particularly non-viral vectors, and the optimal properties of nanocarriers which are essential for successful drug delivery to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad A. Almughem
- National Centre for Pharmaceutical Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.); (E.A.T.)
| | - Ahmad M. Aldossary
- National Centre for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Essam A. Tawfik
- National Centre for Pharmaceutical Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.); (E.A.T.)
| | - Mohammad N. Alomary
- National Centre for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.A.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Waleed S. Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Y. Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha 9088, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah A. Alshehri
- National Centre for Pharmaceutical Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.A.); (E.A.T.)
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25
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Secor PR, Burgener EB, Kinnersley M, Jennings LK, Roman-Cruz V, Popescu M, Van Belleghem JD, Haddock N, Copeland C, Michaels LA, de Vries CR, Chen Q, Pourtois J, Wheeler TJ, Milla CE, Bollyky PL. Pf Bacteriophage and Their Impact on Pseudomonas Virulence, Mammalian Immunity, and Chronic Infections. Front Immunol 2020; 11:244. [PMID: 32153575 PMCID: PMC7047154 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pf bacteriophage are temperate phages that infect the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a major cause of chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) and other settings. Pf and other temperate phages have evolved complex, mutualistic relationships with their bacterial hosts that impact both bacterial phenotypes and chronic infection. We and others have reported that Pf phages are a virulence factor that promote the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa infections in animal models and are associated with worse skin and lung infections in humans. Here we review the biology of Pf phage and what is known about its contributions to pathogenesis and clinical disease. First, we review the structure, genetics, and epidemiology of Pf phage. Next, we address the diverse and surprising ways that Pf phages contribute to P. aeruginosa phenotypes including effects on biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and motility. Then, we cover data indicating that Pf phages suppress mammalian immunity at sites of bacterial infection. Finally, we discuss recent literature implicating Pf in chronic P. aeruginosa infections in CF and other settings. Together, these reports suggest that Pf bacteriophage have direct effects on P. aeruginosa infections and that temperate phages are an exciting frontier in microbiology, immunology, and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R. Secor
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
- Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Elizabeth B. Burgener
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - M. Kinnersley
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Laura K. Jennings
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Valery Roman-Cruz
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Medeea Popescu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jonas D. Van Belleghem
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Naomi Haddock
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Conner Copeland
- Department of Computer Science, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Lia A. Michaels
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Christiaan R. de Vries
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Qingquan Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Julie Pourtois
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Travis J. Wheeler
- Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
- Department of Computer Science, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Carlos E. Milla
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Excellence in Pulmonary Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Paul L. Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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26
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Wang L, Huang Y, Yin G, Wang J, Wang P, Chen ZY, Wang T, Ren G. Antimicrobial activities of Asian ginseng, American ginseng, and notoginseng. Phytother Res 2019; 34:1226-1236. [PMID: 31885119 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) and notoginseng (Panax notoginseng) are the three most commonly used ginseng botanicals in the world. With the increasing interests on antimicrobial properties of plants, the antimicrobial activities of ginseng species have been investigated by a number of researchers worldwide. This overview interprets our present knowledge of the antimicrobial activities of the three ginseng species and some of their bioactive components against pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Helicobacter pylori, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Propionibacterium acnes, et al.) and fungi (Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum, et al). Ginsenosides, polysaccharides, essential oil, proteins, and panaxytriol are all might responsible for the antimicrobial activities of ginseng. The antimicrobial mechanisms of ginseng components could be summarized to the following points: (a) inhibit the microbial motility and quorum-sensing ability; (b) affect the formation of biofilms and destroy the mature biofilms, which can weaken the infection ability of the microbes; (c) perturb membrane lipid bilayers, thus causing the formation of pores, leakages of cell constituents and eventually cell death; (d) stimulate of the immune system and attenuate microbes induced apoptosis, inflammation, and DNA damages, which can protect or help the host fight against microbial infections; and (e) inhibit the efflux of antibiotics that can descend the drug resistance of the microbial. The collected information might facilitate and guide further studies needed to optimize the use of ginseng and their components to improve microbial food safety and prevent or treat animal and human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guo Yin
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tiejie Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guixing Ren
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Zhao Y, Yu C, Yu Y, Wei X, Duan X, Dai X, Zhang X. Bioinspired Heteromultivalent Ligand-Decorated Nanotherapeutic for Enhanced Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Pneumonia. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:39648-39661. [PMID: 31591880 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause a multitude of inflammations in humans. Due to its ability to form biofilm, the bacteria show durable resistance to drugs. Herein, we developed a heteromultivalent ligand-decorated nanotherapeutic inspired by living system for inhibition of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pneumonia. The nanotherapeutic with a heteromultivalent glycomimetic shell can specifically recognize P. aeruginosa to inhibit its biofilm formation and protect native cells from bacterial infection; the rate of biofilm inhibition was up to 85%. The nanotherapeutic with a bioresponsive hydrophobic core can protonate and control drug release in the microenvironment of bacterial infections. By utilizing these properties, the nanotherapeutics can effectively penetrate the internal structure of biofilms to release the drug, dispersing the biofilm by over 80% under laser irradiation. In vivo bioinspired nanotherapeutics have the potential to efficiently inhibit antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa-induced pneumonia. Collectively, we expect biomimicking systems to be the next generation of prevention and treatment as integrated antibacterial agents against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Cong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Yunjian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Xiaosong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Xiaozhuang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Xijuan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Xinge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
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28
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Theprungsirikul J, Skopelja-Gardner S, Meagher RE, Clancy JP, Zemanick ET, Ashare A, Rigby WFC. Dissociation of systemic and mucosal autoimmunity in cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2019; 19:196-202. [PMID: 31262645 PMCID: PMC10377741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounts for ~80% of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway infection. It shows a remarkable correlation with presence of autoantibody to bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), which is not understood. In this study, we sought to better understand the characteristics of systemic and mucosal autoimmunity and their relation to humoral immunity to P. aeruginosa. METHODS Antibody titers and isotypes to BPI and P. aeruginosa were characterized in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of adult and pediatric CF patients (n = 131), by ELISA and/or immunoblot. RESULTS Serum BPI autoantibodies were common (~43%) in adult while rare (≪5%) in pediatric (≤18 yrs) CF patients. Serum BPI IgG autoantibodies were of high avidity and strongly correlated with anti-P. aeruginosa IgG responses. A parallel relationship was observed with IgA, but not IgG, responses in adult and pediatric CF patient in the BAL. Thus, BAL IgA anti-BPI antibodies were independent of age and correlated with the presence of BPI cleavage in BAL. CONCLUSIONS IgG and IgA autoreactivity to BPI in CF patients was demonstrated in serum and BAL, respectively, and correlated with the isotype of the antibody response to P. aeruginosa. The co-occurrence of anti-BPI and anti-P. aeruginosa IgA in the BAL, but not serum, of pediatric CF patients suggests that BPI tolerance is broken in the P. aeruginosa-infected airway and that serologic IgG autoantibodies are later induced, potentially through a separate pathway. The relationship between P. aeruginosa, BPI cleavage, and IgA autoantibodies in the BAL suggests a role for cryptic epitope generation in the breaking of tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Theprungsirikul
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - S Skopelja-Gardner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - R E Meagher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - J P Clancy
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - E T Zemanick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - A Ashare
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA; Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - W F C Rigby
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
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29
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Skopelja-Gardner S, Theprungsirikul J, Meagher RE, Beliveau CM, Bradley KE, Avery M, Henkle E, Siegel S, Gifford AH, Winthrop KL, Rigby WFC. Autoimmunity to bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein in bronchiectasis exhibits a requirement for Pseudomonas aeruginosa IgG response. Eur Respir J 2019; 53:13993003.01891-2018. [PMID: 30385530 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01891-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jomkuan Theprungsirikul
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Rachel E Meagher
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Cathleen M Beliveau
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Katherine E Bradley
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Meade Avery
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Emily Henkle
- Center for Infectious Disease Studies, OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sarah Siegel
- Center for Infectious Disease Studies, OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Alex H Gifford
- Division of Pulmonology, Dept of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Kevin L Winthrop
- Center for Infectious Disease Studies, OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| | - William F C Rigby
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, Dept of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
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30
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Mauch RM, Rossi CL, Nolasco da Silva MT, Bianchi Aiello T, Ribeiro JD, Ribeiro AF, Høiby N, Levy CE. Secretory IgA-mediated immune response in saliva and early detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lower airways of pediatric cystic fibrosis patients. Med Microbiol Immunol 2019; 208:205-213. [PMID: 30706137 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-019-00578-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) detection in the paranasal sinuses may help to prevent or postpone bacterial aspiration to the lower airways (LAW) and chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF). We assessed the ability of an ELISA test for measurement of specific Pa secretory IgA (sIgA) in saliva (a potential marker of sinus colonization) to early detect changes in the Pa LAW status (indicated by microbiological sputum or cough swab culture and specific serum IgG levels) of 65 patients for three years, in different investigation scenarios. Increased sIgA levels were detected in saliva up to 22 months before changes in culture/serology. Patients who remained Pa-positive had significantly increased sIgA levels than patients who remained Pa-negative, both at the baseline (39.6 U/mL vs. 19.2 U/mL; p = 0.02) and at the end of the follow-up (119.4 U/mL vs. 25.2 U/mL; p < 0.001). No association was found between sIgA levels in saliva and emergence or recurrence of Pa in the LAW. A positive median sIgA result in the first year of follow-up implied up to 12.5-fold increased risk of subsequent Pa exposure in the LAW. Our test detected early changes in the P. aeruginosa LAW status and risk of exposure to P. aeruginosa in the LAW with two years in advance. Comparison with sinus culture is needed to assess the test's ability to identify CF patients in need of a sinus approach for Pa investigation, which could provide opportunities of Pa eradication before its aspiration to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Marrichi Mauch
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brasil 251, 2nd floor, Cidade Universitária, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-888, Brazil.,Center for Investigation in Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Campinas, SP, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Claudio Lucio Rossi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brasil 251, 2nd floor, Cidade Universitária, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-888, Brazil
| | - Marcos Tadeu Nolasco da Silva
- Center for Investigation in Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Campinas, SP, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Talita Bianchi Aiello
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Centro Médico de Campinas, Rua Dr. Edilberto Luís Pereira da Silva 929, Campinas, SP, 13083-190, Brazil
| | - José Dirceu Ribeiro
- Center for Investigation in Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Campinas, SP, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Antônio Fernando Ribeiro
- Center for Investigation in Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Campinas, SP, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Niels Høiby
- Clinical Microbiology Department, Rigshospitalet (Copenhagen University Hospital), Juliane Maries Vej 22, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Costerton Biofilm Centre, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 24.1, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlos Emilio Levy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brasil 251, 2nd floor, Cidade Universitária, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-888, Brazil.
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Potent effects of amino acid scanned antimicrobial peptide Feleucin-K3 analogs against both multidrug-resistant strains and biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Amino Acids 2018; 50:1471-1483. [PMID: 30136030 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2625-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is particularly difficult to treat because it possesses a variety of resistance mechanisms and because it often forms biofilms. Antimicrobial peptides represent promising candidates for future templates of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections due to their unique mechanism of antimicrobial action. In this study, we first found that the antimicrobial peptide Feleucin-K3 has potent antimicrobial activity against not only the standard strain of P. aeruginosa but also against the multidrug-resistant strains isolated from clinics. Then, the structure-activity relationship of the peptide was investigated using alanine and D-amino acid scanning. Among the analogs synthesized, FK-1D showed much more potent antimicrobial activity, superior stability, and very low toxicity, and it was able to permeabilize bacterial membranes. Furthermore, it exhibited significant anti-biofilm activity. More importantly, FK-1D showed excellent antimicrobial activity in vivo, especially against clinical multidrug-resistant bacteria, in contrast to ceftazidime. Our results suggested that FK-1D could be subjected to fixed-point modification in the first and fourth sites to further optimize its medicinal properties and potential as a lead compound for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and the associated biofilms.
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32
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Massip-Copiz MM, Santa-Coloma TA. Extracellular pH and lung infections in cystic fibrosis. Eur J Cell Biol 2018; 97:402-410. [PMID: 29933921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by CFTR mutations. It is characterized by high NaCl concentration in sweat and the production of a thick and sticky mucus, occluding secretory ducts, intestine and airways, accompanied by chronic inflammation and infections of the lungs. This causes a progressive and lethal decline in lung function. Therefore, finding the mechanisms driving the high susceptibility to lung infections has been a key issue. For decades the prevalent hypothesis was that a reduced airway surface liquid (ASL) volume and composition, and the consequent increased mucus concentration (dehydration), create an environment favoring infections. However, a few years ago, in a pig model of CF, the Na+/K+ concentrations and the ASL volume were found intact. Immediately a different hypothesis arose, postulating a reduced ASL pH as the cause for the increased susceptibility to infections, due to a diminished bicarbonate secretion through CFTR. Noteworthy, a recent report found normal ASL pH values in CF children and in cultured primary airway cells, challenging the ASL pH hypothesis. On the other hand, recent evidences revitalized the hypothesis of a reduced ASL secretion. Thus, the role of the ASL pH in the CF is still a controversial matter. In this review we discuss the basis that sustain the role of CFTR in modulating the extracellular pH, and the recent results sustaining the different points of view. Finding the mechanisms of CFTR signaling that determine the susceptibility to infections is crucial to understand the pathophysiology of CF and related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Macarena Massip-Copiz
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET), The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), and School of Medical Sciences, The Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tomás Antonio Santa-Coloma
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET), The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), and School of Medical Sciences, The Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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